EP2284110A1 - Electronic safety system for a lift - Google Patents
Electronic safety system for a lift Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2284110A1 EP2284110A1 EP10008399A EP10008399A EP2284110A1 EP 2284110 A1 EP2284110 A1 EP 2284110A1 EP 10008399 A EP10008399 A EP 10008399A EP 10008399 A EP10008399 A EP 10008399A EP 2284110 A1 EP2284110 A1 EP 2284110A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- controller
- safety
- elevator car
- usp
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
- B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
- B66B13/22—Operation of door or gate contacts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronic security system for a lift according to the preamble of claim 1.
- An electronic security system for a lift is known in which a safety shutdown is performed when an unsafe condition is detected.
- the electronic security system includes a security controller and a communications bus that facilitates exchange of control and data signals between a microprocessor-based controller and various components including bus nodes.
- the bus nodes are designed to provide an interface for sensors, contacts and switches.
- a security controller processes the messages received from the bus nodes Data and determines if an unsafe condition exists. In an unsafe condition, the safety controller sends a stop signal to the drive and brake unit of the elevator, and in addition, a status signal indicating the unsafe condition is sent to the controller.
- the controller of the elevator should not process information of the bus node, but the controller already receives the processed information of the bus node from the safety controller to allow a faster response of the control device of the elevator.
- the safety control device alone takes over the safety tasks and it has an elementary role.
- the object of the invention is to obtain a fast and secure embodiment of an electronic security system according to the preamble of claim 1, in which a relief of a security component takes place, giving access to more information (s) and increased security in the event of possible improvement in maintenance Episode has.
- a safety component such as a safety controller is relieved by the control of the elevator is not currently receiving the message from the safety controller that a shutdown or a transfer is made in a safe state at a potential risk potential or was.
- Fig. 1 shows a block diagram for an elevator. It is provided a controller 1 for a designated 2 schematically illustrated elevator car.
- a motor 21 for driving the elevator car 2 is coupled to a bus 3 via a frequency converter 20.
- the controller 1 communicates the bus 3 by means of bus nodes with components which are exemplified as a floor switch 4, door contact 5, command transmitter 6 and safe actuator 7 for a door motor 8 of the elevator car 2.
- the controller 1 receives, via the bus 3, via the bus nodes, which form an interface for the components, signals of the components, such as the request for a trip to a certain floor via the command transmitter 6 in the elevator car 2.
- the door contacts 5 provide a signal as to whether the door of the corresponding floor is closed or open.
- the door contact 5 ' provides a signal as to whether the door of the elevator car 2 is closed or opened.
- the safe actuator 7 is used to drive the door motor 8 of the elevator car 2, which can be controlled by the controller 1 via corresponding signals that are sent via the bus 3.
- U ltra s chall- P ositionssysteme or USP systems are 9 or a two-channel system USP provided, which detect in each case via ultrasound the position of the elevator car 2 in the elevator shaft.
- Systems USS Schmersal are preferably used as USP systems 9, the function of which is described in the product catalog "Elevator Switching Systems - Elevator Positioning System USP" of 31.10.2007.
- the two USP systems 9 or the one two-channel USP system is a redundant determination of the position possible, which meets high security requirements by the two USP systems 9 or by the two-channel USP system determined position of the elevator car 2 is compared.
- the speed of the elevator car 2 in the elevator shaft can be determined via the time determined position of the elevator car 2 by the two USP systems 9 or a two-channel USP system as a derivation of the location function of the elevator car 2 in the elevator shaft after the time.
- multiple USP systems 9 may also be used as two. With two, however, the required redundancy already results. Analogously, the redundancy is also ensured with a two-channel USP system.
- a transmitter having two receivers and corresponding two channels may be used.
- a safety controller 10 is coupled as Can Safety Controller, which can receive the signals from floor switch 4, door contact 5, 5 ', command transmitter 6, safe actuator 7, door motor 8 and USP system 9 via the bus 3.
- the floor switch 4, door contact 5, 5 ', command 6, safe actuator 7, and USP system 9 can be referred to as sensors.
- the controller 1 is connected to a safety circuit 11, which the safety controller 10 can open via a (safety) switch 12.
- the safety controller 10 monitors the safety function of the elevator. If the security controller 10 determines an unsafe condition, such as the door contact 5 'indicates that the door of the elevator car 2 is open during travel between two floors, the (security) switch 12 is opened and the elevator is disabled or in a safe state. The opening of the safety circuit 11 leads to the operation of the (safety) switch 22, which shuts off the motor 21.
- a device 13 for monitoring the speed of the elevator car 2 can open a (safety) switch 14 independently of the safety controller 10 in order to access the safety circuit 11 open when, for example, a predetermined threshold speed of the elevator car 2 is exceeded.
- the device 13 for monitoring the speed of the elevator car 2 can be implemented independently of, or by, the USP systems 9.
- one or two limit switches 15 for monitoring the exceeding of a predetermined spatial position of the elevator car 2 can open a (safety) switch 16 independently of the safety controller 10 in order to open the safety circuit 11, for example when the elevator car 2 in the elevator shaft exceeds a predetermined end position at the lower or upper end of the elevator shaft.
- the limit switch (s) 15 may be implemented independently of, or through the USP systems 9 or the two-channel USP system.
- the controller 1 receives the feedback from the safety circuit 11 that the safety circuit 11 has been opened and the (safety) switch 22 has been actuated to stop the motor 21.
- a means is provided that the controller 1 reports the open safety circuit 11. This means can be realized, for example, by the (safety) switch 22.
- the controller 3 the information of the components, such as floor switch 4, door contact 5, command transmitter 6, safe actuator 7, door motor 8 and USP system 9, evaluates and determines that a shutdown by the safety controller 11 must be made (te). It can also be provided that the safety controller 11 forwards the signals received from the components to the controller 1.
- the controller 1 can provide improved diagnostics and maintenance by evaluating the signals of the individual components connected to the bus nodes.
- the safety controller 10 can redundantly determine the position of the elevator car 2 in the elevator shaft through the two USP systems 9 connected to the bus 3 or through the two-channel USP system.
- redundant speed information of the elevator car 2 can be determined by the safety controller 10 from the two USP systems 9 or the one dual-channel USP system, so that a "retrieval" in the area of the door zones of the elevator car 2 can take place, i.
- the safety controller 10 gives the safe actuator 7 on the elevator car 2 an enable signal, so that the door motor 8 may be actuated in the area of the door zone.
- the function of the door zone monitoring in the safety controller 10 can be integrated.
Landscapes
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
- Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektronisches Sicherheitssystem für einen Aufzug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electronic security system for a lift according to the preamble of
Aus
Bei der aus
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine schnelle und sichere Ausgestaltung eines elektronischen Sicherheitssystems nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu erhalten, bei dem eine Entlastung einer Sicherheitskomponente erfolgt, was den Zugriff auf mehr Information(en) und eine erhöhte Sicherheit bei möglicher Verbesserung der Wartung zur Folge hat.The object of the invention is to obtain a fast and secure embodiment of an electronic security system according to the preamble of
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of
Hierdurch wird eine Sicherheitskomponente wie ein Sicherheitscontroller entlastet, indem die Steuerung des Aufzugs gerade nicht von dem Sicherheitscontroller die Mitteilung erhält, dass eine Abschaltung bzw. eine Überführung in einen sicheren Zustand bei einem möglichen Gefahrenpotential durchgeführt wird bzw. wurde.As a result, a safety component such as a safety controller is relieved by the control of the elevator is not currently receiving the message from the safety controller that a shutdown or a transfer is made in a safe state at a potential risk potential or was.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in den beigefügten Abbildungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.
-
Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch ein Blockschaltbild für den Antrieb einer Aufzugskabine.
-
Fig. 1 schematically shows a block diagram for the drive of an elevator car.
Ein Motor 21 zum Antrieb der Aufzugskabine 2 ist über einen Frequenzumrichter 20 mit einem Bus 3 gekoppelt.A
Die Steuerung 1 kommuniziert den Bus 3 mittels Busknoten mit Komponenten, die beispielhaft als Etagenschalter 4, Türkontakt 5, Befehlsgeber 6 und sicherer Aktor 7 für einen Türmotor 8 der Aufzugskabine 2 angegeben sind. Die Steuerung 1 empfängt über den Bus 3 über die Busknoten, die eine Schnittstelle für die Komponenten bilden, Signale der Komponenten, wie zum Beispiel die Anforderung einer Fahrt zu einer bestimmten Etage über den Befehlsgeber 6 in der Aufzugskabine 2.The
Ferner werden Signale von Etagenschaltern 4 erhalten, die Rückschlüsse darauf zu lassen, in welcher Etage sich die Aufzugskabine 2 befindet. Die Türkontakte 5 liefern ein Signal, ob die Tür der entsprechenden Etage geschlossen oder geöffnet ist. Der Türkontakt 5' liefert ein Signal, ob die Tür der Aufzugskabine 2 geschlossen oder geöffnet ist. Der sichere Aktor 7 dient zum Antrieb des Türmotors 8 der Aufzugskabine 2, der von der Steuerung 1 über entsprechende Signale, die über den Bus 3 gesendet werden, gesteuert werden kann.Furthermore, signals from
Ferner sind mindestens zwei Ultraschall-Positionssysteme bzw. USP-Systeme 9 oder ein zweikanaliges USP-System vorgesehen, die jeweils über Ultraschall die Position der Aufzugskabine 2 im Aufzugsschacht ermitteln. Als USP-Systeme 9 werden vorzugsweise Systeme der Firma Schmersal verwendet, deren Funktion im Produktkatalog "Aufzugsschaltgeräte - Aufzugs-Positionssystem USP" vom 31.10.2007 beschrieben ist. Über die beiden USP-Systeme 9 oder das eine zweikanalige USP-System ist eine redundante Ermittlung der Position möglich, die hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen genügt, indem die durch die beiden USP-Systeme 9 oder die durch das eine zweikanalige USP-System ermittelte Position der Aufzugskabine 2 verglichen wird. Ferner ist über die über die Zeit ermittelte Position der Aufzugskabine 2 durch die beiden USP-Systeme 9 oder das eine zweikanalige USP-System die Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugskabine 2 im Aufzugsschacht bestimmbar als Ableitung der Ortsfunktion der Aufzugskabine 2 im Aufzugsschacht nach der Zeit. Es versteht sich, dass auch mehrere USP-Systeme 9 als zwei verwendet werden können. Bei zweien ergibt sich jedoch schon die geforderte Redundanz. Analog ist mit einem zweikanaligen USP-System ebenfalls die Redundanz gewahrt. Bei dem zweikanaligen USP-System kann beispielsweise ein Sender mit zwei Empfängern und entsprechenden zwei Kanälen verwendet werden.Furthermore, at least two U ltra s chall- P ositionssysteme or USP systems are 9 or a two-channel system USP provided, which detect in each case via ultrasound the position of the
An den Bus 3 ist ein Sicherheitscontroller 10 als Can-Safety-Controller angekoppelt, der die Signale von Etagenschalter 4, Türkontakt 5, 5', Befehlsgeber 6, sicherem Aktor 7, Türmotor 8 und USP-System 9 über den Bus 3 empfangen kann. Der Etagenschalter 4, Türkontakt 5, 5', Befehlsgeber 6, sicherer Aktor 7, und USP-System 9 können insoweit als Sensoren bezeichnet werden.To the
Die Steuerung 1 ist mit einem Sicherheitskreis 11 verbunden, den der Sicherheitscontroller 10 über einen (Sicherheits-)Schalter 12 öffnen kann. Der Sicherheitscontroller 10 überwacht die Sicherheitsfunktion des Aufzugs. Stellt der Sicherheitscontroller 10 einen unsicheren Zustand fest, wie bspw., dass der Türkontakt 5' anzeigt, dass die Tür der Aufzugskabine 2 während der Fahrt zwischen zwei Etagen offen ist, wird der (Sicherheits-)Schalter 12 geöffnet und der Aufzug außer Betrieb gesetzt bzw. in einen sicheren Zustand verfahren. Die Öffnung des Sicherheitskreises 11 führt zur Betätigung des (Sicherheits-)Schalters 22, der den Motor 21 abstellt.The
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine Einrichtung 13 zur Überwachung der Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugskabine 2 einen (Sicherheits-)Schalter 14 unabhängig von dem Sicherheitscontroller 10 öffnen kann, um den Sicherheitskreis 11 zu öffnen, wenn beispielsweise ein vorbestimmter Schwellenwert der Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugskabine 2 überschritten wird. Die Einrichtung 13 zur Überwachung der Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugskabine 2 kann unabhängig von den USP-Systemen 9, oder durch diese realisiert sein.It can be provided that a
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein oder zwei Endschalter 15 zur Überwachung des Überschreitens einer vorbestimmten Ortsposition der Aufzugskabine 2 einen (Sicherheits-)Schalter 16 unabhängig von dem Sicherheitscontroller 10 öffnen können, um den Sicherheitskreis 11 zu öffnen, wenn beispielsweise die Aufzugskabine 2 im Aufzugsschacht eine vorbestimmte Endposition am unteren oder oberen Ende des Aufzugsschacht überschreitet. Der bzw. die Endschalter 15 können unabhängig von den USP-Systemen 9 bzw. dem zweikanaligen USP-System, oder durch diese realisiert sein.It can be provided that one or two
Bei einer Abschaltung des Motors 21 erhält die Steuerung 1 von dem Sicherheitskreis 11 die Rückmeldung, dass der Sicherheitskreis 11 geöffnet wurde, und der (Sicherheits-)Schalter 22 zum Stoppen des Motors 21 betätigt wurde. Dazu ist ein Mittel vorgesehen, dass der Steuerung 1 den geöffneten Sicherheitskreis 11 meldet. Dieses Mittel kann beispielsweise durch den (Sicherheits-)Schalter 22 realisiert sein. Es kann alternativ oder zusätzlich vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuerung 3 die Information der Komponenten, wie Etagenschalter 4, Türkontakt 5, Befehlsgeber 6, sicherer Aktor 7, Türmotor 8 und USP-System 9, auswertet und feststellt, dass eine Abschaltung durch den Sicherheitscontroller 11 vorgenommen werden muss(te). Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Sicherheitscontroller 11 die von den Komponenten empfangenen Signale an die Steuerung 1 weiterleitet.When the
Die Steuerung 1 kann durch die Auswertung der Signale der einzelnen an die Busknoten angeschlossenen Komponenten eine verbesserte Diagnose- und Wartungsmöglichkeit liefern.The
Der Sicherheitscontroller 10 kann beispielsweise durch die zwei an den Bus 3 angeschlossenen USP-Systeme 9 oder durch das eine zweikanalige USP-System die Position der Aufzugskabine 2 in dem Aufzugsschacht redundant ermitteln.By way of example, the
Wenn nun eine Etagentür des Aufzugsschachts nicht richtig schließt und der Türkontakt 5 nicht geschlossen ist, ist man in der Lage, die Aufzugskabine 2 oberhalb oder unterhalb der gestörten Tür, deren Türkontakt 5 nicht geschlossen ist, zu bewegen. Die Redundanz der Ortsbestimmung der Aufzugskabine 2 durch die beiden USP-Systeme 9 oder das eine zweikanalige USP-System wird als sichere Information genommen, bei der eine Abschaltung des Aufzugs solange nicht erfolgt, wie die Aufzugskabine 2 nicht in den Etagenbereich mit der gestörten Tür, d.h. dem geöffneten Türkontakt 5, gelangt. Die Verfügbarkeit des Aufzuges wird verbessert.If now a floor door of the elevator shaft does not close properly and the
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass aus den zwei USP-Systemen 9 oder dem einen zweikanaligen USP-System redundant eine Geschwindigkeitsinformation der Aufzugskabine 2 vom Sicherheitscontroller 10 bestimmbar ist, damit eine "Nachholung" im Bereich der Türzonen der Aufzugskabine 2 erfolgen kann, d.h. der Sicherheitscontroller 10 gibt im Bereich der Türzonen dem sicheren Aktor 7 auf der Aufzugskabine 2 ein Freigabesignal, damit der Türmotor 8 im Bereich der Türzone betätigt werden darf. Hierdurch kann die Funktion der Türzonenüberwachung im Sicherheitscontroller 10 integriert werden.It can further be provided that redundant speed information of the
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009037347A DE102009037347A1 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Electronic security system for a lift |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2284110A1 true EP2284110A1 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
EP2284110B1 EP2284110B1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
Family
ID=43064396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10008399.7A Revoked EP2284110B1 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2010-08-12 | Electronic safety system for a lift |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8413765B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2284110B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5300802B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009037347A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2010150341A1 (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator device |
JP5876881B2 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2016-03-02 | オーチス エレベータ カンパニーOtis Elevator Company | Elevator safety system and method |
FI122474B (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-02-15 | Kone Corp | LIFT SAFETY CONNECTION AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FUNCTIONAL FAILURE OF A LIFT SAFETY CONNECTION |
EP2567926B1 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2013-10-09 | Cedes AG | Circuit device, safety device and lift device |
US10227208B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2019-03-12 | Cedes Ag | Safety apparatus for an elevator |
EP2604566B1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | Cedes AG | Safety device and lift device |
EP2604563B1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-10-21 | Cedes AG | Safety device, drive device and lift device |
WO2014124780A1 (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2014-08-21 | Inventio Ag | Safety circuit-monitoring using alternating voltage |
TR201807531T4 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2018-06-21 | Inventio Ag | Safety circuit for an elevator system. |
EP3083478B1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2022-06-08 | Inventio AG | Safety circuit for a lift system |
ES2916808T3 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2022-07-06 | Inventio Ag | Elevator with a decentralized electronic security system |
WO2016203513A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator safety system |
US10315886B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2019-06-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic safety actuation device with a power assembly, magnetic brake and electromagnetic component |
EP3243784B1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2019-01-30 | Kone Corporation | Arrangement for releasing the operating brake of an elevator |
IL247342A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-10-31 | Yoram Madar | Elevator brake monitoring |
ES2844381T3 (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2021-07-22 | Kone Corp | A procedure and system for generating maintenance data for an elevator door system |
US11078045B2 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2021-08-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic safety actuator for lifting a safety wedge of an elevator |
EP3587323A1 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2020-01-01 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator system |
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WO2000051929A1 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-08 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic safety system for elevators |
US20050098390A1 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-12 | Philipp Angst | Elevator installation and monitoring system for an elevator installation |
EP1864935A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2007-12-12 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Elevator apparatus |
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WO2010072658A1 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-01 | Inventio Ag | Elevator system with a safety device |
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DE4208173A1 (en) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-12-10 | Otis Elevator Co | Measuring absolute position of lift cabin when power fails or after accident - measuring time of transition of ultrasonic signals between two ultrasonic transducers radiating into lift shaft |
DE19903645C2 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2002-07-18 | Schmersal K A Gmbh & Co | Position detection device |
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US6554107B2 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-29 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Elevator system |
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2009
- 2009-08-14 DE DE102009037347A patent/DE102009037347A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-08-12 EP EP10008399.7A patent/EP2284110B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2010-08-12 JP JP2010181050A patent/JP5300802B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-13 US US12/855,986 patent/US8413765B2/en active Active
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WO2000051929A1 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-08 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic safety system for elevators |
EP1159218B1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2006-07-12 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic safety system for elevators |
US20050098390A1 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-12 | Philipp Angst | Elevator installation and monitoring system for an elevator installation |
EP1864935A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2007-12-12 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Elevator apparatus |
WO2008081074A1 (en) * | 2007-01-03 | 2008-07-10 | Kone Corporation | Elevator safety device |
WO2009073025A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Control strategy for operating two elevator cars in a single hoistway |
WO2010072658A1 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-01 | Inventio Ag | Elevator system with a safety device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2284110B1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
JP2011037635A (en) | 2011-02-24 |
US8413765B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
JP5300802B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
DE102009037347A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
US20110036668A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
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