EP2244804A2 - Gas filtration structure with asymmetrical hexagonal channels - Google Patents

Gas filtration structure with asymmetrical hexagonal channels

Info

Publication number
EP2244804A2
EP2244804A2 EP08864022A EP08864022A EP2244804A2 EP 2244804 A2 EP2244804 A2 EP 2244804A2 EP 08864022 A EP08864022 A EP 08864022A EP 08864022 A EP08864022 A EP 08864022A EP 2244804 A2 EP2244804 A2 EP 2244804A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
walls
structure according
filter
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08864022A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2244804B1 (en
Inventor
Adrien Vincent
Fabiano Rodrigues
David Lechevalier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Centre de Recherche et dEtudes Europeen SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Centre de Recherche et dEtudes Europeen SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2244804A2 publication Critical patent/EP2244804A2/en
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Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/247—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2474—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the walls along the length of the honeycomb
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2478—Structures comprising honeycomb segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2482—Thickness, height, width, length or diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2484—Cell density, area or aspect ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2486—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure characterised by the shapes or configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2486—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure characterised by the shapes or configurations
    • B01D46/2492—Hexagonal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2498—The honeycomb filter being defined by mathematical relationships
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/34—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details with flow channels of polygonal cross section
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of filter structures possibly comprising a catalytic component, for example used in an exhaust line of a diesel type internal combustion engine.
  • Filters for the treatment of gases and the removal of soot typically from a diesel engine are well known in the prior art.
  • These structures all most often have a honeycomb structure, one of the faces of the structure allowing the admission of the exhaust gas to be treated and the other side the evacuation of the treated exhaust gas.
  • the structure comprises, between the intake and discharge faces, a set of adjacent ducts or channels, most often of square section, axes parallel to each other separated by porous walls.
  • the ducts are closed at one or the other of their ends to delimit inlet chambers opening on the inlet face and outlet chambers opening along the discharge face.
  • the channels are alternately closed in an order such that the exhaust gases, during the crossing of the honeycomb body, are forced to pass through the sidewalls of the inlet channels to join the outlet channels. In this way, the particles or soot are deposited and accumulate on the porous walls of the filter body.
  • porous ceramic filters for example cordierite, alumina, in particular aluminum titanate, mullite silicon nitride, are used for the filtration of gases.
  • silicon / silicon carbide or silicon carbide mixture are used for the filtration of gases.
  • the particulate filter is subjected to a succession of filtration phases (accumulation of soot) and regeneration
  • soot particles emitted by the engine are retained and are deposited inside the filter.
  • soot particles are burned inside the filter, in order to restore its filtration properties.
  • the porous structure is then subjected to intense radial and tangential thermomechanical stresses, which can lead to micro-cracking likely over time to cause a severe loss of filtration capacity of the unit, or even its complete deactivation. This phenomenon is particularly observed on monolithic filters of large diameter.
  • the assembled filters currently marketed for light vehicles typically comprise approximately 10 to 20 unit elements having, in a cross section, a square or rectangular section and whose surface elemental section is between about 13 cm 2 and about 25 cm 2 . These elements consist of a plurality of channels of usually square section.
  • an obvious solution could be to reduce the number of unit elements in the assembly by increasing their individual size. Such an increase, however, is not currently possible, particularly with SiC filters, without unacceptably reducing the thermomechanical strength of the filter.
  • the larger section filters are made by assembling with a grouting cement of elements of a size similar to those constituting the filters intended for light vehicles.
  • the number of unit elements of truck filter type is then very high and can have up to 30 or even 80 elements.
  • Such filters then have an overall mass and a loss of charge that is too high.
  • the object of the present invention is a filter or a filter element exhibiting at the same time: a low pressure loss caused by a filtering structure in operation, that is to say typically when this is in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, both when said structure is free of soot particles (initial pressure drop) than when it is loaded with particles,
  • a mass of the monolithic element adapted to ensure a thermal mass sufficient to minimize the maximum regeneration temperature and the thermal gradients experienced by the filter which may themselves cause cracks on the element
  • thermomechanical resistance that is to say allowing a prolonged life of the filter
  • patent US 4417908 proposes cells or channels of hexagonal section, an input channel being surrounded by six output channels (see in particular Figure 11).
  • the soot storage volume of such structures remains globally low.
  • EP 1 538 133 discloses asymmetrical hexagonal cell configurations, allowing an increase in the storage volume of soots and residues compared to structures with square section channels, channel density and constant wall thickness.
  • the configuration described in FIG. 14 induces a residue storage volume that is too low, as well as a high loading slope, the filtration area remaining low.
  • this configuration of the channels causes the filter mass to be too high.
  • the experiments carried out by the applicant have shown that a quantity of residues potentially storable by said larger filter, when it is placed in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, results in the end by a substantially extended life of the filter.
  • the present invention thus aims to provide a filter structure having the best compromise between the induced pressure drop, the loading slope ⁇ P / M soot , the mass, the total filtration surface, the storage volume of soot and residue and thermomechanical resistance, as previously described.
  • the present invention relates to a filtration structure of particles-loaded gases of the honeycomb type and comprising a set of longitudinal adjacent channels of mutually parallel axes separated by porous filtering walls. said channels being alternately plugged at one or other end of the structure so as to define inlet channels and outlet channels for the gas to be filtered, and to force said gas to pass through the walls porous separating the inlet and outlet channels, said structure being characterized in that
  • each output channel has a common wall with six input channels, each common wall constituting one side of said output channel, each output channel consists of six sides of width a substantially identical, so as to form a channel of substantially hexagonal and regular section, at least two adjacent sides of each input channel have a different width, -at least two input channels, sharing a wall with a same output channel, share a common wall of width b ,
  • the ratio of the widths b / a is greater than 0 and less than 1.
  • the ratio of the widths b / a is between 0.1 and 0.95, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9, and very preferred between 0.3 and 0.85.
  • the walls constituting the input and output channels are planar.
  • the walls constituting the inlet and outlet channels are corrugated, that is to say that they have, in cross-section and with respect to the center of a channel, at least one concavity or at least one less convexity.
  • the output channels may have walls convex relative to the center of said channels. Without departing from the scope of the invention, the output channels may also have concave walls with respect to the center of said channels.
  • the common wall of width b between two input channels is flat.
  • the maximum distance, in a cross section, between an extreme point of the concave and / or convex wall or walls and the line segment connecting the two ends of said wall is greater than
  • the filtration structures according to the invention have a channel density of between about 1 and about 280 channels per cm 2 and preferably between 15 and 40 channels per cm 2 .
  • the average thickness of the walls is between 100 and 1000 microns, and preferably between 150 and 450 microns.
  • the width has exit channels is typically between about 0.10mm and about 4.00mm, and preferably between about 0.20mm and about 2.50mm.
  • the width b of the common wall between two inlet channels is typically between about 0.05 mm and about 4.00 mm, and preferably between about 0.20 mm and about 1, 00mm.
  • the walls are based on silicon carbide SiC.
  • the invention relates in particular to an assembled filter comprising a plurality of filtering structures as previously described, said structures being bonded together by a cement.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a filter structure or an assembled filter as previously described as a depollution device on an exhaust line of a Diesel engine or Gasoline preferably Diesel.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate two nonlimiting exemplary embodiments of a filtering structure having a configuration of the channels according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view in elevation of a portion of the front face of a filter according to a first embodiment according to the invention, comprising input and output channels with six walls and in which said walls are flat.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a portion of the front face of a filter according to a second embodiment according to the invention, comprising six-wall inlet and outlet channels and in which said walls are corrugated; .
  • an output channel consists of convex walls with respect to its center of said channel.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in more detail the mode already described in relation to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an elevational view of the gas inlet face of a piece of the monolithic filtration unit 1.
  • the unit has input channels 3 and output channels 2.
  • the outlet channels are conventionally obstructed on the gas inlet face by plugs 4.
  • the inlet channels are also plugged but on the opposite (rear) face of the filter, so that the gases to be purified are forced.
  • the filtering structure according to the invention is characterized by the presence of an outlet channel 2 of Hexagonal and regular general shape, that is to say that its 6 sides are of a substantially identical length and two adjacent sides form an angle close to 120 °.
  • a regular outlet channel 2 is in contact with 6 input channels 3 of a generally hexagonal but irregular shape, that is to say formed by adjacent walls, at least two of which have a different width, according to a cross section. cross.
  • the input channels have according to the invention a common wall of length b.
  • the structures according to the invention are characterized in that the ratio b / a is greater than 0 and strictly less than 1.
  • the distances a and b are defined according to the invention as the distances connecting the two vertices S1 and S2 of the wall considered, said vertices S1 and S2. it is inscribed on the central core 6 of said wall (see Figure 1 and following).
  • the thickness of the walls is constant according to the invention throughout the length and thickness of the filter.
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a set of outlet and inlet gas channels 2 in an elevational view of the inlet face of the gases to be purified in a honeycomb structure according to the invention. , and whose walls are wavy.
  • the exit channels consist of convex walls with respect to their center.
  • the maximum distance c in a cross section, is defined as the distance between the end point 7 of a corrugated wall and the line segment 8 connecting the two ends Sl and S2 of said wall.
  • the distance c is greater than 0 and less than 0.5 a (0.5 x a).
  • this ratio is greater than 0.01 a and very preferably greater than 0.03 a, or even greater than 0.05 a.
  • this ratio is less than 0.30 and most preferably less than 0.20.
  • two walls (right or corrugated) 60 ° of an input channel are of equal width in a structure according to the invention.
  • two adjacent walls of an input channel of a structure according to the invention are of different width.
  • EXAMPLE 1 The first population of monolithic elements or monoliths in the form of a compound was synthesized according to the techniques of the art, for example described in patents EP 816065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923 or WO 2004/090294. honeycomb and silicon carbide. To do this, mix in a kneader:
  • a first fraction has a median diameter d 5 o of between 5 microns and 50 microns, at least 10% by weight of the grains composing this fraction have a diameter greater than 5 microns.
  • the second fraction has a median grain diameter of less than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter median means the particle diameter below which 50% by mass of the particle population is found.
  • the green monoliths obtained are dried by microwave for a time sufficient to bring the water content not chemically bound to less than 1% by weight.
  • the channels of each face of the monolith are alternately blocked according to well-known techniques, for example described in application WO 2004/065088.
  • Monoliths are then fired to a temperature above 2100 0 C which is maintained for 5 hours.
  • the porous material obtained has an open porosity of 39% and an average pore distribution diameter of about 15 ⁇ m.
  • the dimensional characteristics of the elements thus obtained are given in Table 1 below, the structure having a periodicity, that is to say a distance between two adjacent channels, 1.89 mm.
  • An assembled filter was then formed from the monoliths. Sixteen elements from the same mixture were assembled together according to conventional techniques by bonding using a cement of the following chemical composition: 72% by weight of SiC, 15% by weight of Al 2 O 3, 11% by weight of SiO 2 , the remainder consisting mainly of impurities Fe 2 O 3 and alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides.
  • the average thickness of the joint between two adjacent blocks is of the order of 1 to 2 mm.
  • the whole is then machined, in order to form assembled filters of cylindrical shape of about 14.4 cm in diameter.
  • Example 6 (According to the Invention) The technique for synthesizing the monoliths described above is also identical, but this time the die is adapted so as to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an arrangement of the internal channels according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 as previously described, with flat walls.
  • Example 7 (according to the invention):
  • pressure loss is meant within the meaning of the present invention the differential pressure existing between the upstream and downstream of the filter.
  • the pressure drop was measured according to the techniques of the art, for a gas flow rate of 250 kg / h and a temperature of 250 ° C., initially on the new filters.
  • the various filters are previously mounted on an exhaust line of a diesel engine 2.0 L run at full power (4000 rpm) for 30 minutes then dismantled and weighed to determine their initial mass.
  • the filters are then reassembled on the engine bench with a speed of 3000 rpm and a torque of 50 Nm to obtain soot loads in the filter of 7 g / 1.
  • the pressure drop measurement on the filter thus loaded with soot is carried out as on the new filter.
  • the pressure drop is also measured as a function of different loading rates between 0 and 10 gram / liter in order to establish the loading slope ⁇ P / m soaked .
  • thermomechanical resistance B- Measurement of the thermomechanical resistance
  • the filters are mounted on an exhaust line of a direct injection diesel 2.0 L engine running at full power (4000 rpm) for 30 minutes and then disassembled and weighed to determine their initial mass.
  • the filters are then reassembled on the engine bench with a speed of 3000 rpm and a torque of 50 Nm for different times to obtain a soot loads of 8 g / liter (by volume of the filter).
  • the filters thus loaded are reassembled on the line to undergo a severe regeneration thus defined: after stabilization at an engine speed of 1700 revolutions / minute for a torque of 95 Nm for 2 minutes, a post-injection is carried out with 70 ° of phasing for a flow rate of post injection of 18mm 3 / stroke.
  • the engine speed is lowered to 1050 revolutions / minute for a torque of 40 Nm for 5 minutes to accelerate the combustion of soot .
  • the filter is then run at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes to remove the remaining soot.
  • the regenerated filters are inspected after cutting to reveal the possible presence of cracks visible to the naked eye.
  • the thermomechanical resistance of the filter is appreciated in view of the number of cracks, a small number of cracks reflecting a thermomechanical resistance acceptable for use as a particulate filter. As reported in Table 2, the following scores were assigned to each of the filters:
  • the filters according to Examples 6 and 7 also have an improved thermomechanical resistance compared to the filters according to the prior art.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure for filtering particle-laden gases, of the honeycomb type and including an assembly of longitudinal adjacent channels with parallel axes and separated by porous filtration walls, in which: each outlet channel has a wall that is common with six inlet channels, each common wall defining a side of said outlet channel; each outlet channel includes six sides having a substantially identical width a in order to define a channel having a substantially hexagonal and uniform section; at least two adjacent sides of each inlet channel have a different width; and at least two inlet channels sharing a wall with a same outlet channel, share a common wall having a width b, wherein the ratio between the widths b/a is higher than 0 and lower than 1.

Description

STRUCTURE DE FILTRATION D'UN GAZ A CANAUX HEXAGONAUX ASSYMETRIQUES FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF A GAS WITH HEXAGONAL ASSYMETER CHANNELS
L' invention se rapporte au domaine des structures filtrantes comprenant éventuellement une composante catalytique, par exemple utilisées dans une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne du type diesel . Les filtres permettant le traitement des gaz et l'élimination des suies typiquement issues d'un moteur diesel sont bien connus de l'art antérieur. Ces structures présentent toutes le plus souvent une structure en nid d'abeille, une des faces de la structure permettant l'admission des gaz d'échappement à traiter et l'autre face l'évacuation des gaz d'échappement traités. La structure comporte, entre les faces d'admission et d'évacuation, un ensemble de conduits ou canaux adjacents, le plus souvent de section carrée, d'axes parallèles entre eux séparés par des parois poreuses. Les conduits sont obturés à l'une ou l'autre de leurs extrémités pour délimiter des chambres d'entrée s ' ouvrant suivant la face d'admission et des chambres de sortie s ' ouvrant suivant la face d'évacuation. Les canaux sont alternativement obturés dans un ordre tel que les gaz d'échappement, au cours de la traversée du corps en nid d'abeille, sont contraints de traverser les parois latérales des canaux d'entrée pour rejoindre les canaux de sortie. De cette manière, les particules ou suies se déposent et s'accumulent sur les parois poreuses du corps filtrant.The invention relates to the field of filter structures possibly comprising a catalytic component, for example used in an exhaust line of a diesel type internal combustion engine. Filters for the treatment of gases and the removal of soot typically from a diesel engine are well known in the prior art. These structures all most often have a honeycomb structure, one of the faces of the structure allowing the admission of the exhaust gas to be treated and the other side the evacuation of the treated exhaust gas. The structure comprises, between the intake and discharge faces, a set of adjacent ducts or channels, most often of square section, axes parallel to each other separated by porous walls. The ducts are closed at one or the other of their ends to delimit inlet chambers opening on the inlet face and outlet chambers opening along the discharge face. The channels are alternately closed in an order such that the exhaust gases, during the crossing of the honeycomb body, are forced to pass through the sidewalls of the inlet channels to join the outlet channels. In this way, the particles or soot are deposited and accumulate on the porous walls of the filter body.
A l'heure actuelle, on utilise pour la filtration des gaz des filtres en matière céramique poreuse, par exemple en cordiérite, en alumine, notamment en titanate d'aluminium, en mullite en nitrure de silicium, en un mélange silicium/carbure de silicium ou en carbure de silicium.At the present time, porous ceramic filters, for example cordierite, alumina, in particular aluminum titanate, mullite silicon nitride, are used for the filtration of gases. silicon / silicon carbide or silicon carbide mixture.
De façon connue, durant sa mise en œuvre, le filtre à particules est soumis à une succession de phases de filtration (accumulation des suies) et de régénérationIn known manner, during its implementation, the particulate filter is subjected to a succession of filtration phases (accumulation of soot) and regeneration
(élimination des suies) . Lors des phases de filtration, les particules de suies émises par le moteur sont retenues et se déposent à l'intérieur du filtre. Lors des phases de régénération, les particules de suie sont brûlées à l'intérieur du filtre, afin de lui restituer ses propriétés de filtration. La structure poreuse est alors soumise à des contraintes thermo-mécaniques radiales et tangentielles intenses, qui peuvent entraîner des micro-fissurations susceptibles sur la durée d'entraîner une perte sévère des capacités de filtration de l'unité, voire sa désactivation complète. Ce phénomène est particulièrement observé sur des filtres monolithiques de grand diamètre.(removal of soot). During the filtration phases, the soot particles emitted by the engine are retained and are deposited inside the filter. During the regeneration phases, the soot particles are burned inside the filter, in order to restore its filtration properties. The porous structure is then subjected to intense radial and tangential thermomechanical stresses, which can lead to micro-cracking likely over time to cause a severe loss of filtration capacity of the unit, or even its complete deactivation. This phenomenon is particularly observed on monolithic filters of large diameter.
Pour résoudre ces problèmes et augmenter la durée de vie des filtres, il a été proposé plus récemment des structures de filtration associant plusieurs blocs ou éléments unitaires monolithiques en nid d'abeille. Les éléments sont le plus souvent assemblés entre eux par collage au moyen d'une colle ou d'un ciment de nature céramique, appelés dans la suite de la description ciment de joint. Des exemples de telles structures filtrantes sont par exemple décrits dans les demandes de brevets EP 816 065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923, WO 2004/090294 ou encore WO 2005/063462. Afin d'assurer une relaxation optimale des contraintes dans une telle structure assemblée, il est connu que les coefficients de dilatation thermique des différentes parties de la structure (éléments de filtration, ciment de revêtement, ciment de joint) doivent être sensiblement du même ordre. De ce fait, lesdites parties sont avantageusement synthétisées sur la base d'un même matériau, le plus souvent le carbure de silicium SiC ou la cordiérite. Ce choix permet en outre d'homogénéiser la répartition de la chaleur lors de la régénération du filtre. Afin d'obtenir les meilleurs performances de résistance thermo mécanique et de perte de charge, les filtres assemblés actuellement commercialisés pour les véhicules légers comportent typiquement environ 10 à 20 éléments unitaires présentant, selon une coupe transversale, une section carrée ou rectangulaire et dont la surface élémentaire en coupe est comprise entre environ 13 cm2 et environ 25 cm2. Ces éléments sont constitués d'une pluralité de canaux de section le plus souvent carrée. Pour réduire encore la masse du filtre sans réduire ses performances en termes de perte de charge et de stockage en suies, une solution évidente pourrait être de diminuer le nombre d'éléments unitaires dans l'assemblage en augmentant leur taille individuelle. Une telle augmentation n'est cependant pas possible actuellement, en particulier avec des filtres en SiC, sans diminuer de façon inacceptable la résistance thermomécanique du filtre.To solve these problems and increase the life of the filters, it has been proposed more recently filtration structures associating several blocks or monolithic honeycomb unit elements. The elements are most often assembled together by gluing by means of a glue or cement of a ceramic nature, hereinafter called seal cement. Examples of such filter structures are for example described in patent applications EP 816,065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923, WO 2004/090294 or WO 2005/063462. In order to ensure optimal relaxation of the stresses in such an assembled structure, it is known that the coefficients of thermal expansion of the different parts of the structure (filter elements, coating cement, joint cement) must be of substantially the same order. Therefore, said parts are advantageously synthesized on the basis of a same material, most often silicon carbide SiC or cordierite. This choice also makes it possible to homogenize the distribution of heat during the regeneration of the filter. In order to obtain the best performance of thermomechanical resistance and pressure drop, the assembled filters currently marketed for light vehicles typically comprise approximately 10 to 20 unit elements having, in a cross section, a square or rectangular section and whose surface elemental section is between about 13 cm 2 and about 25 cm 2 . These elements consist of a plurality of channels of usually square section. To further reduce the mass of the filter without reducing its performance in terms of pressure drop and soot storage, an obvious solution could be to reduce the number of unit elements in the assembly by increasing their individual size. Such an increase, however, is not currently possible, particularly with SiC filters, without unacceptably reducing the thermomechanical strength of the filter.
Les filtres de plus grande section, actuellement utilisés notamment pour les applications de type «camion», sont réalisés par assemblage au moyen d'un ciment de jointoiement d'éléments de taille similaire à ceux constituant les filtres destinés aux véhicules légers. Le nombre d'éléments unitaires de type de filtre camions est alors très élevé et peut comporter jusqu'à 30 voire 80 éléments. De tels filtres présentent alors une masse globale et une perte de charge trop élevée.The larger section filters, currently used in particular for "truck" -type applications, are made by assembling with a grouting cement of elements of a size similar to those constituting the filters intended for light vehicles. The number of unit elements of truck filter type is then very high and can have up to 30 or even 80 elements. Such filters then have an overall mass and a loss of charge that is too high.
De manière générale, il existe donc à l'heure actuelle un besoin visant à augmenter conjointement les performances globales de filtration et la durée de vie des filtres actuels .In general, therefore, there is currently a need to jointly increase the performance of overall filtration and lifetime of current filters.
Plus précisément, l'amélioration des filtres peut être directement mesurée par la comparaison des propriétés qui suivent, le meilleur compromis possible entre ces propriétés étant recherché selon l'invention, pour des régimes moteurs équivalents. En particulier, l'objet de la présente invention est un filtre ou un élément de filtre présentant tout à la fois: - une faible perte de charge occasionnée par une structure filtrante en fonctionnement, c'est-à-dire typiquement lorsque celle-ci est dans une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, aussi bien lorsque que ladite structure est exempte de particules de suies (perte de charge initiale) que lorsqu'elle est chargée en particules,More specifically, the improvement of the filters can be directly measured by the comparison of the properties which follow, the best possible compromise between these properties being sought according to the invention, for equivalent engine speeds. In particular, the object of the present invention is a filter or a filter element exhibiting at the same time: a low pressure loss caused by a filtering structure in operation, that is to say typically when this is in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, both when said structure is free of soot particles (initial pressure drop) than when it is loaded with particles,
- une augmentation de la perte de charge du filtre au cours dudit fonctionnement la plus faible possible, c'est à dire un faible accroissement de la perte de charge en fonction du temps d'utilisation ou plus exactement en fonction du niveau de chargement en suies du filtre,an increase in the pressure drop of the filter during said operation as low as possible, ie a small increase in the pressure drop as a function of the time of use or, more exactly, as a function of the level of soot loading of the filter,
- une surface totale de filtration élevée, une masse de l'élément monolithique adaptée pour assurer une masse thermique suffisante pour minimiser la température maximale de régénération et les gradients thermiques subis par le filtre qui peuvent eux-mêmes entraîner des fissures sur l'élémenta high total filtration area, a mass of the monolithic element adapted to ensure a thermal mass sufficient to minimize the maximum regeneration temperature and the thermal gradients experienced by the filter which may themselves cause cracks on the element
- un volume de stockage de suies important, notamment à perte de charge constante, de manière à réduire la fréquence de régénération,a large soot storage volume, in particular at constant pressure drop, so as to reduce the frequency of regeneration,
- une résistance thermomécanique forte, c'est-à-dire permettant une durée de vie prolongée du filtre,a strong thermomechanical resistance, that is to say allowing a prolonged life of the filter,
- un volume de stockage des résidus plus important. L'augmentation de la perte de charge en fonction du niveau de chargement en suies du filtre est notamment directement mesurable par la pente de chargement ΔP/Msuies, dans lequel ΔP représente la perte de charge et Msuies la masse de suie accumulée dans le filtre.- a larger residue storage volume. The increase in pressure drop as a function of filter soot loading level is in particular directly measurable by the loading slope .DELTA.P / M soot, wherein .DELTA.P represents the head loss and M soot mass of soot accumulated in the filtered.
De manière à améliorer l'une ou l'autre des propriétés précédemment décrites, il a déjà été proposé dans l'art antérieur de modifier la forme des canaux de la structure filtrante de différentes manières : Par exemple, pour augmenter à volume de filtre constant, la surface de filtration dudit filtre, il a été proposé, dans la demande de brevet WO 05/016491, des éléments filtrants dont la forme et le volume interne des canaux d'entrée et de sortie sont différents. Dans de telles structures, les éléments de paroi se succèdent, en coupe transversale et en suivant un rang horizontal et/ou vertical de canaux, pour définir une forme sinusoïdale ou en vague (wavy en anglais) . Les éléments de paroi ondulent typiquement d'une demi période de sinusoïde sur la largeur d'un canal. De telles configurations de canaux permettent d' obtenir une perte de charge faible et un volume de stockage de suies important. Ce type de structure présente cependant une perte de charge initiale combinée à une pente de chargement en suie trop élevées et les filtres réalisés avec ce type de configuration de canaux ne permettent donc pas de répondre à l'ensemble des besoins définis précédemment .In order to improve one or the other of the properties described above, it has already been proposed in the prior art to modify the shape of the channels of the filtering structure in different ways: For example, to increase to constant filter volume , the filtration surface of said filter, it has been proposed in the patent application WO 05/016491, filter elements whose shape and the internal volume of the inlet and outlet channels are different. In such structures, the wall elements follow one another, in cross section and following a horizontal row and / or vertical channels, to define a sinusoidal shape or wave (wavy in English). Wall elements typically wave a half sinusoidal period across the width of a channel. Such channel configurations provide a low pressure drop and a large soot storage volume. This type of structure, however, has an initial pressure drop combined with a soot loading slope too high and filters made with this type of channel configuration therefore do not meet all the needs defined above.
Selon une autre configuration, le brevet US 4417908 propose des cellules ou canaux de section hexagonale, un canal d'entrée étant entouré de six canaux de sortie (voir notamment la figure 11) . Le volume de stockage en suies de telles structures reste cependant encore globalement faible. Alternativement, on connaît de la demande EP 1 538 133 des configurations de cellules hexagonales asymétriques, permettant une augmentation du volume de stockage des suies et des résidus par rapport aux structures avec canaux à section carrée, à densité de canaux et épaisseur de parois constantes. Cependant, la configuration décrite en figure 14 induit un volume de stockage des résidus trop faible, ainsi qu'une forte pente de chargement, la surface de filtration restant faible. En outre cette configuration des canaux entraîne une masse du filtre trop élevée. Lors du fonctionnement du filtre, les expériences menées par le déposant ont montré qu'une quantité de résidus potentiellement stockable par ledit filtre plus importante, lorsque celui-ci est placé dans une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, se traduit au final par une durée de vie sensiblement prolongée du filtre.According to another configuration, patent US 4417908 proposes cells or channels of hexagonal section, an input channel being surrounded by six output channels (see in particular Figure 11). The soot storage volume of such structures, however, remains globally low. Alternatively, EP 1 538 133 discloses asymmetrical hexagonal cell configurations, allowing an increase in the storage volume of soots and residues compared to structures with square section channels, channel density and constant wall thickness. However, the configuration described in FIG. 14 induces a residue storage volume that is too low, as well as a high loading slope, the filtration area remaining low. In addition, this configuration of the channels causes the filter mass to be too high. During the operation of the filter, the experiments carried out by the applicant have shown that a quantity of residues potentially storable by said larger filter, when it is placed in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, results in the end by a substantially extended life of the filter.
On voit ainsi que si chacune des configurations de l'art antérieur permet d'améliorer au moins une des propriétés recherchées, aucune des solutions décrites ne fournit cependant un compromis acceptable entre l'ensemble des propriétés recherchées, telles que précédemment exposées. En général, on peut remarquer que, pour chacune des configurations de l'art antérieur, l'amélioration obtenue pour l'une des propriétés du filtre est accompagnée de la détérioration conjointe d'une autre, de telle sorte que l'amélioration finalement obtenue est généralement mineure au regard des inconvénients induits.It can thus be seen that while each of the configurations of the prior art makes it possible to improve at least one of the desired properties, none of the solutions described provides, however, an acceptable compromise between all the properties sought, as previously described. In general, it may be noted that, for each of the configurations of the prior art, the improvement obtained for one of the properties of the filter is accompanied by the joint deterioration of another, so that the improvement finally obtained is generally minor in view of the disadvantages induced.
La présente invention a ainsi pour but de fournir une structure filtrante présentant le meilleur compromis entre la perte de charge induite, la pente de chargement ΔP/Msuies, la masse, la surface totale de filtration, le volume de stockage des suies et des résidus et la résistance thermomécanique, tel que précédemment décrit. Dans sa forme la plus générale, la présente invention se rapporte à une structure de filtration de gaz chargés en particules, du type en nid d'abeilles et comprenant un ensemble de canaux adjacents longitudinaux d'axes parallèles entre eux séparés par des parois poreuses filtrantes, lesdits canaux étant alternativement bouchés à l'une ou l'autre des extrémités de la structure de façon à définir des canaux d'entrée et des canaux de sortie pour le gaz à filtrer, et de façon à forcer ledit gaz à traverser les parois poreuses séparant les canaux d'entrée et de sortie, ladite structure se caractérisant en ce queThe present invention thus aims to provide a filter structure having the best compromise between the induced pressure drop, the loading slope ΔP / M soot , the mass, the total filtration surface, the storage volume of soot and residue and thermomechanical resistance, as previously described. In its most general form, the present invention relates to a filtration structure of particles-loaded gases of the honeycomb type and comprising a set of longitudinal adjacent channels of mutually parallel axes separated by porous filtering walls. said channels being alternately plugged at one or other end of the structure so as to define inlet channels and outlet channels for the gas to be filtered, and to force said gas to pass through the walls porous separating the inlet and outlet channels, said structure being characterized in that
- chaque canal de sortie présente une paroi commune avec six canaux d'entrée, chaque paroi commune constituant un coté dudit canal de sortie, - chaque canal de sortie est constitué de six cotés de largeur a sensiblement identique, de façon à former un canal de section sensiblement hexagonale et régulière, au moins deux cotés adjacents de chaque canal d'entrée présentent une largeur différente, -au moins deux canaux d'entrée, partageant une paroi avec un même canal de sortie, partagent entre eux une paroi commune de largeur b,each output channel has a common wall with six input channels, each common wall constituting one side of said output channel, each output channel consists of six sides of width a substantially identical, so as to form a channel of substantially hexagonal and regular section, at least two adjacent sides of each input channel have a different width, -at least two input channels, sharing a wall with a same output channel, share a common wall of width b ,
- le rapport des largeurs b/a est supérieur à 0 et inférieur à 1. De préférence, le rapport des largeurs b/a est compris entre 0,1 et 0,95 de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,9 et de manière très préférée entre 0,3 et 0,85.the ratio of the widths b / a is greater than 0 and less than 1. Preferably, the ratio of the widths b / a is between 0.1 and 0.95, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9, and very preferred between 0.3 and 0.85.
Selon un mode possible, les parois constituant les canaux d'entrée et de sortie sont planes. Selon un mode alternatif, les parois constituant les canaux d'entrée et de sortie sont ondulées, c'est-à-dire qu'elles présentent, en coupe transversale et par rapport au centre d'un canal, au moins une concavité ou au moins une convexité. Les canaux de sortie peuvent présenter des parois convexes par rapport au centre desdits canaux. Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, les canaux de sortie peuvent également présenter des parois concaves par rapport au centre desdits canaux.In one possible mode, the walls constituting the input and output channels are planar. According to an alternative method, the walls constituting the inlet and outlet channels are corrugated, that is to say that they have, in cross-section and with respect to the center of a channel, at least one concavity or at least one less convexity. The output channels may have walls convex relative to the center of said channels. Without departing from the scope of the invention, the output channels may also have concave walls with respect to the center of said channels.
De préférence, la paroi commune de largeur b entre deux canaux d'entrée est plane.Preferably, the common wall of width b between two input channels is flat.
Selon ce mode alternatif, la distance maximale, selon une coupe transversale, entre un point extrême de la ou les parois concave et/ou convexe et le segment de droite reliant les deux extrémités de ladite paroi est supérieur àAccording to this alternative mode, the maximum distance, in a cross section, between an extreme point of the concave and / or convex wall or walls and the line segment connecting the two ends of said wall is greater than
0 et inférieur à 0,5 a.0 and less than 0.5 a.
Les structures de filtration selon l'invention présentent une densité des canaux comprise entre environ 1 et environ 280 canaux par cm2 et de préférence comprise entre 15 et 40 canaux par cm2.The filtration structures according to the invention have a channel density of between about 1 and about 280 channels per cm 2 and preferably between 15 and 40 channels per cm 2 .
L'épaisseur moyenne des parois est comprise entre 100 et 1000 microns, et de préférence comprise entre 150 et 450 microns . Dans les structures de filtration selon l'invention, la largeur a des canaux de sortie est typiquement comprise entre environ 0,10mm et environ 4,00mm, et de préférence comprise entre environ 0,20mm et environ 2,50mm.The average thickness of the walls is between 100 and 1000 microns, and preferably between 150 and 450 microns. In the filtration structures according to the invention, the width has exit channels is typically between about 0.10mm and about 4.00mm, and preferably between about 0.20mm and about 2.50mm.
Dans les structures de filtration selon l'invention, la largeur b de la paroi commune entre deux canaux d'entrée est typiquement comprise entre environ 0,05mm et environ 4,00mm, et de préférence comprise entre environ 0,20mm et environ 1,00mm.In the filtration structures according to the invention, the width b of the common wall between two inlet channels is typically between about 0.05 mm and about 4.00 mm, and preferably between about 0.20 mm and about 1, 00mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les parois sont à base de carbure de silicium SiC.According to one embodiment, the walls are based on silicon carbide SiC.
L' invention se rapporte en particulier à un filtre assemblé comprenant une pluralité de structures filtrantes telles que précédemment décrites, lesdites structures étant liées entre elles par un ciment. L'invention se rapporte en outre à l'utilisation d'une structure de filtration ou d'un filtre assemblé tels que précédemment décrits comme dispositif de dépollution sur une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur Diesel ou Essence de préférence Diesel.The invention relates in particular to an assembled filter comprising a plurality of filtering structures as previously described, said structures being bonded together by a cement. The invention further relates to the use of a filter structure or an assembled filter as previously described as a depollution device on an exhaust line of a Diesel engine or Gasoline preferably Diesel.
Les figures 1, 2 et 3 illustrent deux exemples de réalisation non limitatifs d'une structure filtrante présentant une configuration des canaux selon l'invention. La figure 1 est une vue de face en élévation d'une portion de la face avant d'un filtre selon une première réalisation selon l'invention, comprenant des canaux d'entrée et de sortie à six parois et dans laquelle lesdites parois sont planes. La figure 2 est une vue de face en élévation d'une portion de la face avant d'un filtre selon une seconde réalisation selon l'invention, comprenant des canaux d'entrée et de sortie à six parois et dans laquelle lesdites parois sont ondulées. Selon ce mode, un canal de sortie est constitué de parois convexes par rapport à son centre dudit canal.FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate two nonlimiting exemplary embodiments of a filtering structure having a configuration of the channels according to the invention. FIG. 1 is a front view in elevation of a portion of the front face of a filter according to a first embodiment according to the invention, comprising input and output channels with six walls and in which said walls are flat. . FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a portion of the front face of a filter according to a second embodiment according to the invention, comprising six-wall inlet and outlet channels and in which said walls are corrugated; . According to this mode, an output channel consists of convex walls with respect to its center of said channel.
La figure 3 illustre plus en détail le mode déjà décrit en relation avec la figure 2.FIG. 3 illustrates in more detail the mode already described in relation to FIG. 2.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une vue en élévation de la face d'entrée des gaz d'un morceau de l'unité de filtration monolithique 1. L'unité présente des canaux d'entrée 3 et des canaux de sortie 2. Les canaux de sortie sont classiquement obstrués sur la face d'entrée des gaz par des bouchons 4. Les canaux d'entrée sont également bouchés mais sur la face opposée (arrière) du filtre, de manière à ce que les gaz à purifier soient forcés de traverser les parois poreuses 5. La structure filtrante selon l'invention est caractérisée par la présence d'un canal de sortie 2 de forme générale hexagonale et régulière, c'est-à-dire que ses 6 cotés sont d'une longueur sensiblement identique a et que deux cotés adjacents forment un angle proche de 120°. Un canal de sortie régulier 2 est en contact avec 6 canaux d'entrée 3 d'une forme générale également hexagonale mais irrégulière, c'est-à-dire formés par des parois adjacentes dont au moins deux présentent une largueur différente, selon une coupe transversale.In Figure 1, there is shown an elevational view of the gas inlet face of a piece of the monolithic filtration unit 1. The unit has input channels 3 and output channels 2. The outlet channels are conventionally obstructed on the gas inlet face by plugs 4. The inlet channels are also plugged but on the opposite (rear) face of the filter, so that the gases to be purified are forced. The filtering structure according to the invention is characterized by the presence of an outlet channel 2 of Hexagonal and regular general shape, that is to say that its 6 sides are of a substantially identical length and two adjacent sides form an angle close to 120 °. A regular outlet channel 2 is in contact with 6 input channels 3 of a generally hexagonal but irregular shape, that is to say formed by adjacent walls, at least two of which have a different width, according to a cross section. cross.
Les canaux d'entrée présentent selon l'invention une paroi commune de longueur b.The input channels have according to the invention a common wall of length b.
Les structures selon l'invention sont caractérisées en ce que le rapport b/a est supérieur à 0 et strictement inférieur à 1.The structures according to the invention are characterized in that the ratio b / a is greater than 0 and strictly less than 1.
Tel que représentées sur les vues en coupe transversale ci-jointes (figures 1 à 3) , les distances a et b sont définies selon l'invention comme les distances reliant les deux sommets Sl et S2 de la paroi considérée, lesdits sommets Sl et S2 s' inscrivant sur l'âme centrale 6 de ladite paroi (cf. figure 1 et suivantes) . On obtient ainsi des valeurs de a et de b indépendantes de l'épaisseur des parois. De préférence l'épaisseur des parois est constante selon invention dans toute la longueur et l'épaisseur du filtre.As shown in the cross-sectional views attached (FIGS. 1 to 3), the distances a and b are defined according to the invention as the distances connecting the two vertices S1 and S2 of the wall considered, said vertices S1 and S2. it is inscribed on the central core 6 of said wall (see Figure 1 and following). In this way we obtain values of a and of b independent of the thickness of the walls. Preferably the thickness of the walls is constant according to the invention throughout the length and thickness of the filter.
La figure 2 représente l'agencement d'un ensemble de canaux de sortie 2 et d'entrée 3 des gaz selon une vue en élévation de la face d'entrée des gaz à purifier dans une structure en nid d'abeille selon l'invention, et dont les parois sont ondulées. Les canaux de sortie sont constitués de parois convexes par rapport à leur centre. Au sein de cette structure et tel que représenté sur la figure 3, on définit la distance maximale c, selon une coupe transversale, comme la distance entre le point extrême 7 d'une paroi ondulée et le segment de droite 8 reliant les deux extrémités Sl et S2 de ladite paroi. Pour les modes de réalisation selon l'invention dans lequel les parois sont ondulées, concaves ou convexes, la distance c est supérieur à 0 et inférieur à 0,5 a (0,5 x a) . De préférence, ce rapport est supérieur à 0,01 a et de manière très préférée, supérieur à 0,03 a, voire même supérieur à 0,05 a. De préférence, ce rapport est inférieur à 0,30 a et de manière très préférée inférieur à 0,20 a.FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a set of outlet and inlet gas channels 2 in an elevational view of the inlet face of the gases to be purified in a honeycomb structure according to the invention. , and whose walls are wavy. The exit channels consist of convex walls with respect to their center. Within this structure and as shown in FIG. 3, the maximum distance c, in a cross section, is defined as the distance between the end point 7 of a corrugated wall and the line segment 8 connecting the two ends Sl and S2 of said wall. For the embodiments according to the invention in which the walls are corrugated, concave or convex, the distance c is greater than 0 and less than 0.5 a (0.5 x a). Preferably, this ratio is greater than 0.01 a and very preferably greater than 0.03 a, or even greater than 0.05 a. Preferably, this ratio is less than 0.30 and most preferably less than 0.20.
Selon un mode possible, deux parois (droite ou ondulées) à 60° d'un canal d'entrée sont de largueur égale dans une structure selon l'invention. Selon un mode possible, deux parois adjacentes d'un canal d'entrée d'une structure selon l'invention sont de largeur différentes.According to a possible mode, two walls (right or corrugated) 60 ° of an input channel are of equal width in a structure according to the invention. According to a possible mode, two adjacent walls of an input channel of a structure according to the invention are of different width.
L'invention et ses avantages par rapport aux structures déjà connues seront mieux compris à la lecture des exemples non limitatifs qui suivent.The invention and its advantages over already known structures will be better understood on reading the following nonlimiting examples.
Exemple 1 : On a synthétisé selon les techniques de l'art, par exemple décrites dans les brevets EP 816065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923 ou encore WO 2004/090294, une première population d'éléments monolithiques ou monolithes en forme de nid d'abeille et en carbure de silicium. Pour ce faire, on mélange dans un malaxeur :EXAMPLE 1 The first population of monolithic elements or monoliths in the form of a compound was synthesized according to the techniques of the art, for example described in patents EP 816065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923 or WO 2004/090294. honeycomb and silicon carbide. To do this, mix in a kneader:
- 3000 g d'un mélange de particules ou grains de carbure de silicium de pureté supérieure à 98% et composé de deux fractions granulométriques . Une première fraction présente un diamètre médian d5o compris entre 5 μm et 50 μm, au moins 10% en masse des grains composant cette fraction présentent un diamètre supérieur à 5 μm. La deuxième fraction présente un diamètre médian des grains inférieur à 5 μm. Au sens de la présente description, le diamètre médian désigne le diamètre des particules au dessous duquel se trouve 50% en masse de la population des particules. - 150 g d'un liant organique du type cellulose. On ajoute de l'eau et on malaxe jusqu'à obtenir une pâte homogène dont la plasticité permet l'extrusion, la filière étant configurée pour l'obtention de blocs monolithes de section carrée et dont les canaux internes présentent également une section transversale de forme carrée, tel qu'actuellement commercialisés. Les monolithes crus obtenus sont séchés par micro-onde pendant un temps suffisant pour amener la teneur en eau non liée chimiquement à moins de 1% en masse.3000 g of a mixture of particles or grains of silicon carbide with a purity greater than 98% and composed of two particle size fractions. A first fraction has a median diameter d 5 o of between 5 microns and 50 microns, at least 10% by weight of the grains composing this fraction have a diameter greater than 5 microns. The second fraction has a median grain diameter of less than 5 μm. For the purposes of this description, the diameter median means the particle diameter below which 50% by mass of the particle population is found. 150 g of an organic binder of the cellulose type. Water is added and kneaded to obtain a homogeneous paste whose plasticity allows extrusion, the die being configured to obtain monolithic blocks of square section and whose internal channels also have a cross section of shape square, as currently marketed. The green monoliths obtained are dried by microwave for a time sufficient to bring the water content not chemically bound to less than 1% by weight.
Les canaux de chaque face du monolithe sont alternativement bouchés selon des techniques bien connues, par exemple décrites dans la demande WO 2004/065088.The channels of each face of the monolith are alternately blocked according to well-known techniques, for example described in application WO 2004/065088.
Les monolithes (éléments) sont ensuite cuits jusqu'à une température supérieure à 21000C qui est maintenue pendant 5 heures. Le matériau poreux obtenu, présente une porosité ouverte de 39% et un diamètre moyen de distribution de pores de l'ordre de 15μm. Les caractéristiques dimensionnelles des éléments ainsi obtenus sont données dans le tableau 1 ci-après, la structure présentant une périodicité, c'est à dire une distance entre 2 canaux adjacents, de 1,89mm. On a ensuite formé un filtre assemblé à partir des monolithes. Seize éléments issus d'un même mélange ont été assemblés entre eux selon les techniques classiques par collage au moyen d'un ciment de composition chimique suivante : 72% poids de SiC, 15% poids d'Al2θ3, 11% poids de SiO2, le reste étant constitué par des impuretés majoritairement de Fe2O3 et d'oxydes de métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux . L'épaisseur moyenne du joint entre deux blocs voisins est de l'ordre de 1 à 2 mm. L'ensemble est ensuite usiné, afin de constituer des filtres assemblés de forme cylindrique d'environ 14,4 cm de diamètre.Monoliths (elements) are then fired to a temperature above 2100 0 C which is maintained for 5 hours. The porous material obtained has an open porosity of 39% and an average pore distribution diameter of about 15 μm. The dimensional characteristics of the elements thus obtained are given in Table 1 below, the structure having a periodicity, that is to say a distance between two adjacent channels, 1.89 mm. An assembled filter was then formed from the monoliths. Sixteen elements from the same mixture were assembled together according to conventional techniques by bonding using a cement of the following chemical composition: 72% by weight of SiC, 15% by weight of Al 2 O 3, 11% by weight of SiO 2 , the remainder consisting mainly of impurities Fe 2 O 3 and alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides. The average thickness of the joint between two adjacent blocks is of the order of 1 to 2 mm. The whole is then machined, in order to form assembled filters of cylindrical shape of about 14.4 cm in diameter.
Exemple 2 :Example 2
La technique de synthèse des monolithes décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition en vague des canaux internes. Des monolithes conformes à ceux décrits en relation avec la figure 3 de la demande WO 05/016491 sont obtenus. Selon une coupe transversale, l'ondulation des parois est caractérisée par un taux d'asymétrie, tel que défini dans la demande WO 05/016491, égal à 11%. Les caractéristiques dimensionnelles des éléments ainsi obtenus sont données dans le tableau 1 ci- après, la structure présentant une périodicité, c'est à dire une distance entre deux canaux adjacents, de 1,95mm.The technique for synthesizing the monoliths previously described is also identical, but the die is this time adapted to produce monolithic blocks characterized by a wave arrangement of the internal channels. Monoliths conforming to those described in relation to FIG. 3 of application WO 05/016491 are obtained. According to a cross section, the undulation of the walls is characterized by an asymmetry rate, as defined in WO 05/016491, equal to 11%. The dimensional characteristics of the elements thus obtained are given in Table 1 below, the structure having a periodicity, that is to say a distance between two adjacent channels, of 1.95 mm.
Exemple 3 :Example 3
La technique de synthèse des monolithes décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois-ci adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition octogonale des canaux internes d'entrée (souvent appelée structure carrée/octogonale dans le domaine) telle qu'illustrée par la figure 6b de la demande EP 1 495 791. Les caractéristiques dimensionnelles des éléments ainsi obtenus sont données dans le tableau 1 ci-après la structure présentant une périodicité, c'est à dire une distance entre deux canaux adjacents, de 2,02mm. Exemple 4 :The technique of synthesis of the monoliths described above is also identical, but the die is this time adapted to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an octagonal arrangement of the internal input channels (often called square structure / octagonal in the field) as illustrated by Figure 6b of the application EP 1 495 791. The dimensional characteristics of the elements thus obtained are given in Table 1 below the structure having a periodicity, ie a distance between two adjacent channels, 2.02mm. Example 4
La technique de synthèse décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois-ci adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition des canaux internes d'entrée et de sortie de section transversale de forme hexagonale régulière et formés par des parois planes, conformément à l'enseignement de la figure 11 du brevet USThe synthesis technique described above is also identical, but this time the die is adapted so as to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an arrangement of hexagonal shaped cross-sectional inlet and outlet internal channels. regular and formed by flat walls, according to the teaching of Figure 11 of the US patent
4417908 de Corning. Les paramètres de la structure à canaux hexagonaux réguliers ainsi obtenue sont a = b = 1,45 mm.4417908 from Corning. The parameters of the regular hexagonal channel structure thus obtained are a = b = 1.45 mm.
Exemple 5 :Example 5
La technique de synthèse des monolithes décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois-ci adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition hexagonale des canaux internes d'entrée telle qu'illustrée par la figure 14 de la demande de brevet EP 1 538 133 avec les paramètres a et b suivants : a = 1 , 45 mm b = 0,76 mm b/a = 0,52The technique for synthesizing the monoliths described above is also identical, but this time the die is adapted so as to produce monolithic blocks characterized by a hexagonal arrangement of the internal inlet channels as illustrated by FIG. FIG. 14 of the patent application EP 1 538 133 with the following parameters a and b: a = 1.45 mm b = 0.76 mm b / a = 0.52
Exemple 6 (selon l'invention) : La technique de synthèse des monolithes décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois-ci adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition des canaux internes selon la figure 1 tel que précédemment décrit, avec des parois planes. La disposition des canaux est caractérisée par les valeurs suivantes : a = 1,45 mm b = 0,76 mm b/a = 0,52 Exemple 7 (selon l' invention) :Example 6 (According to the Invention) The technique for synthesizing the monoliths described above is also identical, but this time the die is adapted so as to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an arrangement of the internal channels according to the invention. Figure 1 as previously described, with flat walls. The arrangement of the channels is characterized by the following values: a = 1.45 mm b = 0.76 mm b / a = 0.52 Example 7 (according to the invention):
La technique de synthèse des monolithes décrite précédemment est également reprise à l'identique, mais la filière est cette fois-ci adaptée de manière à réaliser des blocs monolithes se caractérisant par une disposition des canaux internes selon l'invention et conforme à la représentation donnée sur la figure 2, c'est-à-dire avec des parois ondulées. La disposition des canaux est caractérisée par les valeurs suivantes : a = 1,45 mm b = 0,76 mm b/a = 0,52 c = 0,20 mm soit 0, 14aThe technique for synthesizing the monoliths previously described is also identical, but this time the die is adapted so as to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an arrangement of the internal channels according to the invention and in accordance with the given representation. in Figure 2, that is to say with corrugated walls. The arrangement of the channels is characterized by the following values: a = 1.45 mm b = 0.76 mm b / a = 0.52 c = 0.20 mm or 0, 14a
Les principales caractéristiques structurelles des éléments obtenus selon les exemples 1 à 7 sont reportées dans le tableau 1 ci-dessous. La technique d'assemblage et d'obtention des filtres est la même pour tous les exemples et telle que décrite dans l'exemple 1.The main structural characteristics of the elements obtained according to Examples 1 to 7 are reported in Table 1 below. The technique of assembling and obtaining filters is the same for all the examples and as described in Example 1.
Tableau 1 Les échantillons obtenus ont été évalués et caractérisés selon les modes opératoires suivants:Table 1 The samples obtained were evaluated and characterized according to the following procedures:
A- Mesure de perte de charge à l'état chargé ou non et de la pente de chargement:A- Measurement of pressure loss in the loaded state or not and the loading slope:
Par perte de charge, on entend au sens de la présente invention la pression différentielle existant entre l'amont et l'aval du filtre. La perte de charge a été mesurée selon les techniques de l'art, pour un débit de gaz de 250 kg/h et une température de 2500C, dans un premier temps sur les filtres neufs.By pressure loss is meant within the meaning of the present invention the differential pressure existing between the upstream and downstream of the filter. The pressure drop was measured according to the techniques of the art, for a gas flow rate of 250 kg / h and a temperature of 250 ° C., initially on the new filters.
Pour la mesure de perte sur filtre chargé, les différents filtres sont préalablement montés sur une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur diesel 2.0 L mis en marche à pleine puissance (4000 tr/minutes) pendant 30 minutes puis démontés et pesés afin de déterminer leur masse initiale. Les filtres sont ensuite remontés sur banc moteur avec un régime à 3000 tr/min et un couple de 50 Nm afin d'obtenir des charges en suies dans le filtre de 7 g/1. La mesure de perte de charge sur le filtre ainsi chargé en suies est réalisée comme sur le filtre neuf. On mesure aussi la perte de charge en fonction de différents taux de chargements compris entre 0 et 10 gramme/litre afin d'établir la pente de chargement ΔP/msuie.For the filter loss measurement loaded, the various filters are previously mounted on an exhaust line of a diesel engine 2.0 L run at full power (4000 rpm) for 30 minutes then dismantled and weighed to determine their initial mass. The filters are then reassembled on the engine bench with a speed of 3000 rpm and a torque of 50 Nm to obtain soot loads in the filter of 7 g / 1. The pressure drop measurement on the filter thus loaded with soot is carried out as on the new filter. The pressure drop is also measured as a function of different loading rates between 0 and 10 gram / liter in order to establish the loading slope ΔP / m soaked .
B- Mesure de la résistance thermomécanique :B- Measurement of the thermomechanical resistance:
Les filtres sont montés sur une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur 2.0 L diesel à injection directe mis en marche à pleine puissance (4000 tr/minutes) pendant 30 minutes puis démontés et pesés afin de déterminer leur masse initiale. Les filtres sont ensuite remontés sur banc moteur avec un régime à 3000 tr/min et un couple de 50 Nm pendant des durées différentes afin d'obtenir une charges en suies de 8 g/litre (en volume du filtre) . Les filtres ainsi chargés sont remontés sur la ligne pour subir une régénération sévère ainsi définie : après une stabilisation à un régime moteur de 1700 tours/minute pour un couple de 95 Nm pendant 2 minutes, une post-injection est réalisée avec 70° de phasage pour un débit de post injection de 18mm3/coup. Une fois la combustion des suies initiée, plus précisément lorsque la perte de charge diminue pendant au moins 4 secondes, le régime du moteur est abaissé à 1050 tours/minute pour un couple de 40 Nm pendant 5 minutes afin d'accélérer la combustion des suies. Le filtre est ensuite soumis à un régime moteur de 4000 tours/minute pendant 30 minutes afin d'éliminer les suies restantes. Les filtres régénérés sont inspectés après découpe pour révéler la présence éventuelle de fissures visibles à l'oeil nu. La résistance thermomécanique du filtre est appréciée au vu du nombre de fissures, un nombre faible de fissures traduisant une résistance thermomécanique acceptable pour une utilisation comme filtre à particules. Tel que reporté dans le tableau 2, on a attribué les notes suivantes à chacun des filtres :The filters are mounted on an exhaust line of a direct injection diesel 2.0 L engine running at full power (4000 rpm) for 30 minutes and then disassembled and weighed to determine their initial mass. The filters are then reassembled on the engine bench with a speed of 3000 rpm and a torque of 50 Nm for different times to obtain a soot loads of 8 g / liter (by volume of the filter). The filters thus loaded are reassembled on the line to undergo a severe regeneration thus defined: after stabilization at an engine speed of 1700 revolutions / minute for a torque of 95 Nm for 2 minutes, a post-injection is carried out with 70 ° of phasing for a flow rate of post injection of 18mm 3 / stroke. Once the soot combustion initiated, more precisely when the pressure drop decreases for at least 4 seconds, the engine speed is lowered to 1050 revolutions / minute for a torque of 40 Nm for 5 minutes to accelerate the combustion of soot . The filter is then run at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes to remove the remaining soot. The regenerated filters are inspected after cutting to reveal the possible presence of cracks visible to the naked eye. The thermomechanical resistance of the filter is appreciated in view of the number of cracks, a small number of cracks reflecting a thermomechanical resistance acceptable for use as a particulate filter. As reported in Table 2, the following scores were assigned to each of the filters:
+++ : présence de très nombreuses fissures, ++ : présence de nombreuses fissures, + : présence de quelques fissures,+++: presence of numerous fissures, ++: presence of numerous cracks, +: presence of some cracks,
: pas de fissures ou rares fissures. Le volume de stockage des résidus et la surface de filtration ont été déterminés, pour chaque filtre, selon les techniques habituelles bien connues dans le domaine. Les résultats obtenus aux tests pour l'ensemble des exemples 1 à 7 sont regroupés dans le tableau 2 qui suit : : no cracks or rare cracks. The storage volume of the residues and the filtration area were determined, for each filter, according to the usual techniques well known in the art. The test results for all of Examples 1 to 7 are summarized in Table 2 which follows:
Tableau 2 Table 2
Analyse des résultats:Results analysis:
Les résultats reportés dans le tableau 2 montrent que les filtres selon les exemples 6 et 7 présentent le meilleur compromis entre les différentes propriétés recherchées dans une application comme filtre à particules dans une ligne d'échappement automobile.The results reported in Table 2 show that the filters according to Examples 6 and 7 have the best compromise between the various properties sought in an application as a particulate filter in an automobile exhaust line.
Les filtres selon les exemples 6 et 7 présentent en outre une résistance thermomécanique améliorée par rapport aux filtres selon l'art antérieur.The filters according to Examples 6 and 7 also have an improved thermomechanical resistance compared to the filters according to the prior art.
Plus particulièrement, du fait de ce meilleur compromis, il devient possible selon l'invention de synthétiser des structures assemblées à partir d'éléments monolithiques de plus grande taille qu'auparavant, tout en lui garantissant une durée de vie supérieure. More particularly, because of this better compromise, it becomes possible according to the invention to synthesize structures assembled from monolithic elements of larger size than before, while ensuring a longer life.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Structure de filtration de gaz chargés en particules, du type en nid d'abeilles et comprenant un ensemble de canaux adjacents longitudinaux d'axes parallèles entre eux séparés par des parois poreuses filtrantes, lesdits canaux étant alternativement bouchés à l'une ou l'autre des extrémités de la structure de façon à définir des canaux d'entrée (3) et des canaux de sortie (2) pour le gaz à filtrer, et de façon à forcer ledit gaz à traverser les parois poreuses (5) séparant les canaux d'entrée (3) et de sortie (2), ladite structure se caractérisant en ce que : i. chaque canal de sortie présente une paroi commune avec six canaux d'entrée, chaque paroi commune constituant un coté dudit canal de sortie, ii. chaque canal de sortie est constitué de six cotés de largeur a sensiblement identique, de façon à former un canal de section sensiblement hexagonale et régulière, iii. au moins deux cotés adjacents de chaque canal d'entrée présentent une largeur différente, iv. au moins deux canaux d'entrée, partageant une paroi avec un même canal de sortie, partagent entre eux une paroi commune de largeur b, v. le rapport des largeurs b/a est supérieur à 0 et inférieur à 1. . Structure de filtration selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport des largeurs b/a est compris entre 0,1 et 0,95, de préférence entre 0,1. Filtration structure of particles-loaded gases of the honeycomb type and comprising a set of adjacent longitudinal channels of axes parallel to each other separated by porous filtering walls, said channels being alternately plugged to one or the other. other ends of the structure so as to define inlet channels (3) and outlet channels (2) for the gas to be filtered, and to force said gas to pass through the porous walls (5) separating the input (3) and output (2) channels, said structure being characterized in that i. each output channel has a common wall with six input channels, each common wall constituting one side of said output channel, ii. each outlet channel consists of six sides of width a substantially identical, so as to form a channel of substantially hexagonal and regular section, iii. at least two adjacent sides of each input channel have a different width, iv. at least two input channels, sharing a wall with the same output channel, share with each other a common wall of width b, v. the ratio of the widths b / a is greater than 0 and less than 1.. Filtration structure according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the widths b / a is between 0.1 and 0.95, preferably between 0,
2 et 0,9 et de manière très préférée entre 0,3 et 0,85. 2 and 0.9 and very preferably between 0.3 and 0.85.
3. Structure de filtration selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les parois constituant les canaux d'entrée et de sortie sont planes.3. Filtration structure according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the walls constituting the inlet and outlet channels are planar.
4. Structure de filtration selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les parois constituant les canaux d'entrée et de sortie sont ondulées, c'est-à-dire qu'elles présentent, en coupe transversale et par rapport au centre d'un canal, au moins une concavité ou au moins une convexité. 4. Filtration structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the walls constituting the inlet and outlet channels are corrugated, that is to say that they have, in cross section and relative to the center of a channel, at least one concavity or at least one convexity.
5. Structure de filtration selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle les canaux de sortie présentent des parois convexes par rapport au centre desdits canaux.5. Filtration structure according to claim 4, wherein the outlet channels have walls convex relative to the center of said channels.
6. Structure de filtration selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle les canaux de sortie présentent des parois concaves par rapport au centre desdits canaux.6. Filter structure according to claim 4, wherein the outlet channels have concave walls relative to the center of said channels.
7. Structure de filtration selon la revendication 4 à 6, dans laquelle la paroi commune de largeur b entre deux canaux d'entrée est plane.7. Filtration structure according to claim 4 to 6, wherein the common wall of width b between two input channels is flat.
8. Structure de filtration selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, dans laquelle la distance maximale, selon une coupe transversale, entre un point extrême (7) de la ou les paroi concave et/ou convexe et le segment de droite (8) reliant les deux extrémités (Sl, S2) de ladite paroi est supérieur à 0 et inférieur à 0,5 a. Filtration structure according to one of Claims 4 to 7, in which the maximum distance, in cross section, between an end point (7) of the concave and / or convex wall or walls and the straight line segment (8). ) connecting the two ends (Sl, S2) of said wall is greater than 0 and less than 0.5 a.
9. Structure de filtration selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la densité des canaux est comprise entre environ 1 et environ 280 canaux par cm2 et de préférence comprise entre 15 et 40 canaux par cm2.9. Filtration structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the density of the channels is between about 1 and about 280 channels per cm 2 and preferably between 15 and 40 channels per cm 2 .
10. Structure de filtration selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'épaisseur moyenne des parois est comprise de préférence entre 100 et 1000 microns, de préférence comprise entre 150 et 450 microns . 10. Filtering structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the average thickness of the walls is preferably between 100 and 1000 microns, preferably between 150 and 450 microns.
11. Structure de filtration selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la largeur a des canaux de sortie est comprise entre environ 0,1mm et environ 4,00mm, et de préférence comprise entre environ 0,20mm et environ 2,50mm.11. Filtration structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the width has outlet channels is between about 0.1mm and about 4.00mm, and preferably between about 0.20mm and about 2.50mm.
12. Structure de filtration selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la largeur b de la paroi commune entre deux canaux d'entrée est comprise entre environ 0,05mm et environ 4,00mm, et de préférence comprise entre environ 0,20mm et environ 1,00mm.12. Filtering structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the width b of the common wall between two inlet channels is between about 0.05mm and about 4.00mm, and preferably between about 0.20mm and about 1.00mm.
13. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les parois sont à base de carbure de silicium SiC.13. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the walls are based on silicon carbide SiC.
14. Filtre assemblé comprenant une pluralité de structures filtrantes selon l'une des revendications précédentes, lesdites structures étant liées entre elles par un ciment .14. An assembled filter comprising a plurality of filter structures according to one of the preceding claims, said structures being bonded together by a cement.
15. Utilisation d'une structure de filtration ou d'un filtre assemblé selon l'une des revendications précédentes comme dispositif de dépollution sur une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur Diesel ou Essence de préférence Diesel. 15. Use of a filter structure or an assembled filter according to one of the preceding claims as a depollution device on an exhaust line of a Diesel engine or Gasoline preferably Diesel.
EP08864022A 2007-12-20 2008-12-18 Gas filtration structure with asymmetrical hexagonal channels Revoked EP2244804B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0760111A FR2925353B1 (en) 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF AN ASYMMETRIC HEXAGONAL GAS GAS
PCT/FR2008/052360 WO2009081051A2 (en) 2007-12-20 2008-12-18 Gas filtration structure with asymmetrical hexagonal channels

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EP2244804A2 true EP2244804A2 (en) 2010-11-03
EP2244804B1 EP2244804B1 (en) 2011-08-24

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EP (1) EP2244804B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2011509816A (en)
KR (1) KR20100109904A (en)
AT (1) ATE521398T1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2009081051A2 (en)

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FR2925354B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-12-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF AN ASYMMETRIC HEXAGONAL GAS GAS
FR2928561B1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-08-19 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches GAS FILTRATION STRUCTURE
FR2928562B1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2010-08-13 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF A GAS WITH VARIABLE WALL THICKNESS
FR2946892B1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2013-01-25 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF IRREGULAR HEXAGONAL CHANNEL GAS.
JP5771549B2 (en) * 2012-03-14 2015-09-02 日本碍子株式会社 Filter element
WO2014054159A1 (en) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-10 イビデン株式会社 Honeycomb filter
JP6239303B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2017-11-29 イビデン株式会社 Honeycomb filter
WO2016013516A1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2016-01-28 イビデン株式会社 Honeycomb filter
WO2016013513A1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2016-01-28 イビデン株式会社 Honeycomb filter
JP6530680B2 (en) * 2015-09-02 2019-06-12 日本碍子株式会社 Plugged honeycomb structure and plugged honeycomb segment
CN109209575B (en) * 2018-09-29 2021-05-14 大连理工大学 Asymmetric pore structure of particle catcher filter body

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FR2925355B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-12-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF A CONCRETE OR CONVEXED HEXAGON CHANNEL GAS.
FR2925354B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-12-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches FILTRATION STRUCTURE OF AN ASYMMETRIC HEXAGONAL GAS GAS

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ATE521398T1 (en) 2011-09-15
JP2011509816A (en) 2011-03-31
WO2009081051A2 (en) 2009-07-02
FR2925353B1 (en) 2009-12-11
KR20100109904A (en) 2010-10-11
FR2925353A1 (en) 2009-06-26
WO2009081051A3 (en) 2009-10-08
US20100269697A1 (en) 2010-10-28
EP2244804B1 (en) 2011-08-24

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