EP2219758A1 - Filterelement zur filterung von abgasen einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Filterelement zur filterung von abgasen einer brennkraftmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP2219758A1 EP2219758A1 EP08786398A EP08786398A EP2219758A1 EP 2219758 A1 EP2219758 A1 EP 2219758A1 EP 08786398 A EP08786398 A EP 08786398A EP 08786398 A EP08786398 A EP 08786398A EP 2219758 A1 EP2219758 A1 EP 2219758A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter element
- inlet
- channels
- filter
- inlet channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
- B01D46/84—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning by heating only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- Filter element for filtering exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
- the invention relates to a filter element for filtering exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention also relates to an exhaust system and a method for detecting the loading of a filter element according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- a filter element of the type mentioned is known from DE 101 30 338 Al.
- This filter element is designed as a ceramic honeycomb filter, which has a plurality of honeycomb channels extending overall in the direction of flow. These are alternately closed at their upstream end and at their downstream end. As a result, inlet channels and outlet channels are created, which are arranged side by side and thus at least partially have common filter walls. Through these filter walls, the exhaust gas flow passes during operation. Soot particles are thereby separated from the exhaust gas.
- the deposited soot particles deposit on the inner surface of the inlet channels, resulting in a reduction of the permeability of the filter walls and, consequently, an increase in the pressure drop which occurs as the exhaust gas flow passes through the filter walls. Accordingly, the so-called "exhaust backpressure" increases.
- the particulate filter is regenerated from time to time by the deposited soot particles oxidized, so are burned.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas, which is passed through the filter element increased, which in turn is caused by the injection of additional fuel. This regeneration process leads to locally different temperatures in the filter element.
- the correspondingly different thermal expansion of the ceramic leads to stresses in the filter element. Disclosure of the invention
- Object of the present invention is to provide a filter element in which less fuel than previously used for the heating of the exhaust gas in a regeneration.
- stresses within the filter structure during regeneration process should remain as low as possible.
- the filter element according to the invention has inlet channels with different narrow sections.
- the comparatively narrow sections are covered more rapidly with soot than the comparatively wide sections, the narrow sections thus "grow faster".
- a curve that links the pressure drop with an operating time of the filter element thus has a kink which characterizes that point in time when the comparatively narrow concave sections are filled. This kink or the corresponding operating time can thus be assigned to a specific soot loading of the filter element, which allows a comparatively accurate detection of the loading of the filter element with soot.
- the regeneration can therefore be aligned relatively precisely to the corresponding load state, so that the previously required reserves in the regeneration period can be lower, which ultimately saves fuel.
- the stresses occurring are reduced, which benefits the service life of the filter element according to the invention.
- the lateral surfaces of the second concave and comparatively narrow section as a whole enclose an angle which lies in a range of approximately 45 ° to 100 °, preferably of approximately 50 ° to approximately 75 °. This is still easy to realize in terms of manufacturing technology with customary extrusion apparatuses and, during operation of the filter element, already leads to a distinct kink of that curve which reduces the pressure drop associated with an operating time of the filter element.
- the comparatively narrow second concave portion can be easily realized by having a base surface which is more curved than a base surface of the first concave portion as a whole.
- Base surface of the second concave portion for manufacturing reasons in a range of about 0.1 mm to about 0.9 mm. These values are likewise easily achievable with conventional extruder devices and materials and lead to the desired kink in the curve already mentioned above.
- the common filter walls between the inlet channels and the outlet channels are made of a ceramic material whose porosity is in a range of about 40% to about 70%. These values also contribute to the fact that the said curve, which links the exhaust backpressure or the pressure drop across the filter element to its service life, has the desired bend.
- the common filter walls between the inlet channels and the outlet channels should be made of a ceramic material having pores whose pore diameter is in a range of about 10 microns to about 40 microns. This achieves a good filtering effect.
- a ratio of the surface of all inlet channels to the surface of all outlet channels which is in a range of about 0.8 to about 2, leads to an acceptable exhaust back pressure even in the loaded state of the filter element, so a regeneration is required only relatively late.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system with a particulate filter and a filter element;
- Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal section through the filter element of the particulate filter of Figure l;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic section through a region of the filter element from FIG. 2 with an outlet channel and four inlet channels;
- Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of an inlet duct of Figure 3;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of an inlet channel of the filter element of Figure 3 in a certain loading condition; and FIG. 6 is a diagram in which a pressure drop across the filter element of FIG
- an internal combustion engine as a whole carries the reference numeral 10. Its exhaust gases are fed via an exhaust pipe 12 to a particle filter 14. With this 10 soot particles can be filtered out of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe 12 during operation of the internal combustion engine. This is particularly necessary in diesel internal combustion engines to comply with legal requirements.
- the particle filter 14 comprised an overall substantially cylindrical housing 16, in which a likewise substantially cylindrical filter element 18 is arranged.
- This may be, for example, an extruded shaped body of a ceramic material, for example cordierite.
- the filter element 18 flows through in the direction of the arrow 20 from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 10.
- An inlet side of the filter element 18 is designated in FIG. 1 as a whole by 22, and an outlet side as a whole by 24.
- FIG. 2 The basic structure of the filter element 18 can be seen in FIG. 2. Thereafter, a plurality of inlet channels 28 and outlet channels 30 extend substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis 26 of the filter element 18. For reasons of clarity, however, not all of the inlet channels 28 and 28 are shown in FIG Outlet channels 30 provided with reference numerals.
- the inlet channels 28 are closed in the region of the outlet side 24, and the outlet channels 30 are in turn closed in the region of the inlet side 22.
- the inlet channels 28 are open in the region of the inlet side 22, the outlet channels 30 in the region of the outlet side 24.
- the walls 32 between the inlet channels 28 and the outlet channels 30 are porous and have a comparatively high permeability for the exhaust gas.
- the porosity is in a range of about 40% to about 70%.
- the pore diameter is in a range of approximately 8 ⁇ m to about 40 microns.
- the filter element 18 is "regenerated” from time to time. This means that the deposited soot particles are burned. This can be done, for example, that the temperature of the exhaust gas 20, which is passed through the filter element 18, is increased by engine measures of the internal combustion engine 10. For example, an additional injection of fuel, the combustion of which causes the increase in the exhaust gas temperature.
- the deposited soot particles are thus degraded periodically by an exothermic oxidation reaction to gaseous reaction products, which then through the walls 32 and through the outlet channels 30 and the outlet side 24 of the filter element 18 can escape from this.
- both the inlet channels 28 and the outlet channels 30 have an overall rather elliptical or oval cross-sectional shape.
- the outlet channels 30 are formed as octagons, the term "corner” is not to be understood literally, because the corresponding corners are for reasons of manufacturability and the
- the inlet channels 28 have in cross-section a surface with two first, opposite concave portions 36 and two second, likewise opposite concave portions 38 (for clarity, only one inlet channel 28 is provided with all reference numerals in Figure 3). Between the concave portions 36 and 38 of the surface of the inlet channels 28, corresponding convex portions 40 are provided. It can be clearly seen from FIGS. 3 and 4 that the two second inlet channel sections 42 delimited by the second concave sections 38 are generally narrower than the first inlet channel sections 44 bounded by the two first concave sections 36.
- the second concave surface portions 38 in total in the present embodiment include an angle W of approximately 60 °. In other embodiments, not shown, the angle may range from about 45 ° to about 100 °, preferably from about 50 ° to about 75 °.
- a first radius of curvature R 1 of the first concave surface section 36 of the first inlet channel section 44 is significantly greater than a second radius of curvature R 2 of the second concave surface section 38 of the second inlet channel section 42.
- FIG The second concave surface portion 38 of the second inlet channel portion 42 is more curved overall than the first concave surface portion 36 of the first inlet channel portion 44.
- the radius of curvature R2 of the second concave surface portion 38 of the second inlet channel portion 42 in the present embodiment is approximately 0.5 mm, but it may in other embodiments, also in a range of about 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm.
- soot particles deposit on the surface of the walls 32 delimiting an inlet channel 28.
- corresponding soot particles are designated by the reference numeral 54.
- the soot particles 54 fill the second narrow inlet channel sections 42 more quickly than the first wide inlet channel sections 44. From the moment in which the second inlet channel sections 42 are completely filled with soot particles 54 (this is illustrated in FIG. 5), If the pressure drop, which the exhaust gas 20 experiences as it flows through the filter element 18, increases more rapidly with time or with the load. This increase in the pressure drop gradient can be seen in FIG.
- the bend is nothing more than a change in the slope of the curve 56. This change in slope can be detected by appropriate evaluation methods and assigned to a specific loading state of the filter element 18. Depending on the detection of the said kink 58, a regeneration of the filter element 18 of the particle filter 14 can then be carried out.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007036256A DE102007036256A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 | 2007-08-02 | Filterelement zur Filterung von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine |
PCT/EP2008/059725 WO2009016095A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 | 2008-07-24 | Filterelement zur filterung von abgasen einer brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2219758A1 true EP2219758A1 (de) | 2010-08-25 |
Family
ID=39929726
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08786398A Ceased EP2219758A1 (de) | 2007-08-02 | 2008-07-24 | Filterelement zur filterung von abgasen einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2219758A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102007036256A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009016095A1 (de) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005118747A (ja) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-05-12 | Ibiden Co Ltd | ハニカム構造体 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2807370B2 (ja) * | 1992-03-23 | 1998-10-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用ハニカム構造体の再生時の圧力損失の検査方法及び装置 |
DE10130338A1 (de) | 2001-06-26 | 2003-04-24 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Dieselrussfilter mit einem feindispers verteiltem Dieselrusskatalysator |
DE60233448D1 (de) * | 2001-12-03 | 2009-10-01 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Keramischer Wabenfilter |
FR2912069B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-05 | 2011-04-01 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a paroi ondulee |
-
2007
- 2007-08-02 DE DE102007036256A patent/DE102007036256A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-07-24 EP EP08786398A patent/EP2219758A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-24 WO PCT/EP2008/059725 patent/WO2009016095A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005118747A (ja) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-05-12 | Ibiden Co Ltd | ハニカム構造体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102007036256A1 (de) | 2009-02-05 |
WO2009016095A1 (de) | 2009-02-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA MK RS |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170224 |
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REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R003 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20180101 |