EP2210044B1 - Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2210044B1
EP2210044B1 EP08852332.9A EP08852332A EP2210044B1 EP 2210044 B1 EP2210044 B1 EP 2210044B1 EP 08852332 A EP08852332 A EP 08852332A EP 2210044 B1 EP2210044 B1 EP 2210044B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue gas
water content
primary
air
gas recirculation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08852332.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2210044A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Madlsperger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Christof International Management GmbH
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Christof International Management GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL08852332T priority Critical patent/PL2210044T3/pl
Publication of EP2210044A1 publication Critical patent/EP2210044A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2210044B1 publication Critical patent/EP2210044B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/28—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using ridge-type grate, e.g. for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F23B40/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed by scattering over the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
    • F23B7/007—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with fluegas recirculation to combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55003—Sensing for exhaust gas properties, e.g. O2 content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a solid fuel firing device, which has at least a primary air supply and a primary flue gas recirculation, as well as a corresponding firing device.
  • these various solid fuels may have a very high and, in addition, a widely varying water content.
  • several different solid fuels can be used simultaneously, which of course can change their mixing ratio. Nevertheless, however, an optimal combustion quality should always be achieved.
  • Previous methods consisted of adjusting the air conditions manually or manually operating a support burner. This leads due to the long reaction times to unstable combustion conditions and therefore poor combustion quality, which are characterized by slag formation, insufficient burnout or fluctuating temperatures in the combustion chamber.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a continuously and automatically operating control for a solid fuel firing device even with changing fuel composition, which allows a constant combustion quality as possible over a longer time.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, according to which not only the desired values for the amount of primary air but also in air from a primary flue gas recirculation in dependence on the water content of the flue gas be set. This can be deduced by an automatic measurement of the water content of the flue gas on the conditions in the combustion chamber and these are adjusted by adjusting the amount of primary air and air from the flue gas recirculation accordingly. No manual intervention is necessary, not even the measurement of the water content of the fuel.
  • a support burner can be switched on.
  • a possible rule criterion is that with increasing water content of the flue gas, the amount of primary air increased and the amount of air from the primary flue gas recirculation is reduced. Since the primary air in this case will generally be drier than that from the primary flue gas recirculation, this should reduce the water content in the flue gas and thus also in the combustion chamber.
  • the amount of primary air is reduced and the amount of air from the primary flue gas recirculation is increased.
  • a possible embodiment of this is that depending on the water content of the flue gas, a correction factor is set, wherein the determined based on the amount of fuel setpoint for the primary air quantity multiplied by this correction factor and divided by the fuel quantity, the setpoint for the amount of air from the primary flue gas recirculation by the same correction factor.
  • the determined based on the amount of fuel setpoint for the amount of air from the primary flue gas recirculation is multiplied by a further, dependent on the water content of the flue gas correction factor.
  • the power is adjusted in dependence on the amount of exceeding the threshold value.
  • the support burner is switched off.
  • the firing device has a grate with litter feed, since these can react fastest to changes in the measured water content of the flue gas.
  • the solid fuel burner according to the invention has a measuring device for measuring the water content of the flue gas, which is connected via a control device with a primary air blower and with a blower for primary flue gas recirculation such that the setpoints for the amount of primary air and air from the primary flue gas recirculation in Depending on the water content of the flue gas can be adjusted.
  • Fig. 1 schematically the solid-firing device is shown.
  • the fuel 9 is conveyed via a throw feeder 4 in the furnace, where it impinges on a grate 8 and is promoted on this through the furnace.
  • the grate 8 moves in the direction of the litter feeder, ie in the Fig. 1 left to right.
  • the fuel 9 is evenly distributed over the grate 8, so it always falls into an already burning environment.
  • the heat of combustion of the already burning fuel is used.
  • the litter feeding there is - in contrast to other grate firing - no drying zone without combustion. For this reason, the temperatures at the grate 8 in the litter feed are lower and problems such as slag formation and rust overheating can be prevented.
  • the grate 8 opens both the supply of primary air, which is introduced by the primary air blower 5 in the furnace. Likewise, the supply for primary flue gas recirculation air opens under the grate 8, which is also promoted by a fan 6 in the furnace.
  • Primary air is ambient air that is supplied to the combustion chamber. It has an oxygen content of about 21%.
  • Flue gas recirculation air is flue gas, which is usually taken after the last heat exchanger, the so-called economizer. When this flue gas recirculation air is introduced below the grate 8, it is called primary flue gas recirculation.
  • the recirculated flue gas or the oxygen still contained therein is used for the combustion, the combustion process itself can be influenced.
  • the flue gas recirculation air When the flue gas recirculation air is introduced above the grate 8, it is called secondary flue gas recirculation.
  • the recirculated flue gas is merely used to limit the temperature of the flue gas produced during combustion.
  • the proportion of oxygen in the combustion air increases at a lower inert gas content. If the water content in the fuel is so high that stable combustion is not possible (because so much heat is needed for drying), the support burner 4 is switched to support it. The flame radiation of the support burner 4 causes an additional drying of the fuel, as well as the increased burner temperatures in the gas above the ember bed.
  • the flue gas 10 produced during combustion rises in the firing device and is fed to a heat recovery device.
  • the measuring device 1 for the water content of the flue gas and the lambda probe 2 is arranged in the area of this heat recovery device.
  • the measured values of these two devices are supplied to the regulating device 7, which regulates both the supply of primary air, ie the primary air blower 5, and the supply of primary flue gas recirculation air, ie the corresponding blower 6, as well as the support burner 4 and the throw feeder 3.
  • the support burner 4 is arranged in the combustion chamber and is then switched on when the water content of the flue gas exceeds a threshold which can not be controlled back sufficiently with the air control alone or not sufficiently fast. The larger the threshold is exceeded, the higher the output of the support burner is set. If the water content of the flue gas drops below the threshold again, then the support burner is switched off again.
  • the performance of the furnace is controlled by changing the amount of fuel supplied, e.g. by changing the speed of the metering screws, regulated as a function of the required heat output.
  • the curves of FIGS. 2 and 3 are determined by calculation and adjusted empirically when commissioning the firing device if necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de régulation d'une installation de chauffage à combustible solide qui est équipée d'au moins une alimentation d'air primaire, les valeurs de consigne de la quantité d'air primaire étant réglées en fonction de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de chauffage à carburant solide est équipé d'un système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire, et la valeur de consigne de la quantité d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire est réglée en fonction de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion.
  2. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un brûleur de soutien est en outre branché en fonction de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion.
  3. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 et 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    lorsque la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion augmente la quantité d'air primaire est augmentée et la quantité d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire est diminuée.
  4. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    en cas de chute de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion, la quantité d'air primaire est diminuée et la quantité d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire est augmentée.
  5. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un facteur de correction est fixé, en fonction de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion, la valeur de consigne de la quantité d'air primaire déterminée sur le fondement de la quantité de carburant est multipliée par ce facteur de correction et la valeur de consigne de la quantité d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion déterminée sur le fondement de la quantité de carburant est divisée par le même facteur de correction.
  6. Procédé conforme à la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur de consigne de la quantité d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire déterminée sur le fondement de la quantité de carburant est multipliée par un autre facteur de correction dépendant de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion.
  7. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    en cas de dépassement d'une valeur de seuil de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion, le brûleur de soutien est branché, et sa puissance est réglée en fonction de la valeur du dépassement de la valeur de seuil.
  8. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    lorsque la valeur de seuil de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion chute en-dessous d'une valeur de seuil, le brûleur de soutien est débranché.
  9. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de chauffage comporte un foyer avec un chargement discontinu.
  10. Dispositif de chauffage à carburant solide permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est équipé d'un appareil de mesure (1) permettant de mesurer la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion qui est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de régulation (7) avec un ventilateur d'air primaire (5) ainsi qu'avec un ventilateur (6) pour permettre la recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire de sorte que les valeurs de consigne de la quantité d'air primaire et d'air provenant du système de recirculation des gaz de combustion primaire puisse être réglées en fonction de la teneur en eau des gaz de combustion.
  11. Dispositif conforme à la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est prévu un brûleur de soutien (4).
  12. Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 10 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est prévu un foyer (8) avec un chargement discontinu.
EP08852332.9A 2007-11-19 2008-11-04 Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide Active EP2210044B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08852332T PL2210044T3 (pl) 2007-11-19 2008-11-04 Sposób regulacji urządzenia do opalania paliwem stałym

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007055168A DE102007055168A1 (de) 2007-11-19 2007-11-19 Verfahren zur Regelung einer Festbrennstoff-Befeuerungseinrichtung
PCT/EP2008/064920 WO2009065726A1 (fr) 2007-11-19 2008-11-04 Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2210044A1 EP2210044A1 (fr) 2010-07-28
EP2210044B1 true EP2210044B1 (fr) 2016-06-15

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EP08852332.9A Active EP2210044B1 (fr) 2007-11-19 2008-11-04 Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2210044B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007055168A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2591358T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2210044T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009065726A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1398456B1 (it) * 2010-02-23 2013-02-22 Salvatico Apparato di combustione a pellet e/o a biomasse.
FR2961291B1 (fr) * 2010-06-14 2014-06-06 Philippe Rousseau Installation de traitement de fumees
CN102242925B (zh) * 2011-05-03 2013-04-17 李继华 燃煤锅炉烟尘治理设备
WO2013002746A2 (fr) * 2011-06-15 2013-01-03 Emsa Enerji Madencilik Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Unité à eau chaude et à vapeur à commande automatique réalisant la combustion de schiste bitumineux et de charbon avec de l'hydrogène et/ou de l'air
DE102012000262B4 (de) 2012-01-10 2015-12-17 Jörg Krüger Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung des Ausbrandes von Schlacken auf Verbrennungsrosten
AT15458U1 (de) * 2013-02-25 2017-09-15 Ing Russ Egon Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Brennstoff
DE102020124544A1 (de) 2020-09-21 2022-03-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren und Anlage zum thermischen Verwerten von festem Brennstoff in einem Reaktionsraum

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3871729D1 (de) * 1987-10-24 1992-07-09 Mindermann Kurt Henry Verfahren zum steuern der verbrennung von brennstoff mit stark schwankendem heizwert.
DE4033889A1 (de) * 1990-08-09 1992-02-13 Furumoto Herbert Dr Ing Verfahren zum verbrennen von steinkohlen und anderen heizwertreichen festen brennstoffen in rostfeuerungen fuer braunkohlen und andere heizwertarme brennstoffe
DE4446022A1 (de) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Abfällen
DE19917572A1 (de) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-26 Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag Verfahren zur automatischen Einstellung der Feuerung einer Müllverbrennungsanlage
DE10012895A1 (de) 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Verbrennungsverfahren für Brennstoffe beliebiger Art mittels einer Rostfeuerung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2591358T3 (es) 2016-11-28
WO2009065726A1 (fr) 2009-05-28
EP2210044A1 (fr) 2010-07-28
DE102007055168A1 (de) 2009-05-20
PL2210044T3 (pl) 2017-08-31

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