EP2204048B1 - Magnetische struktur für den eisenfreien motor eines elektrodynamischen lautsprechers sowie entsprechende motoren und lautsprecher - Google Patents

Magnetische struktur für den eisenfreien motor eines elektrodynamischen lautsprechers sowie entsprechende motoren und lautsprecher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204048B1
EP2204048B1 EP08836843.6A EP08836843A EP2204048B1 EP 2204048 B1 EP2204048 B1 EP 2204048B1 EP 08836843 A EP08836843 A EP 08836843A EP 2204048 B1 EP2204048 B1 EP 2204048B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnets
magnet
covering
magnetic structure
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Application number
EP08836843.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2204048A2 (de
Inventor
Guy Lemarquand
Benoît MERIT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universite du Maine
Orkidia Audio
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Universite du Maine
Orkidia Audio
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/022—Aspects regarding the stray flux internal or external to the magnetic circuit, e.g. shielding, shape of magnetic circuit, flux compensation coils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic structure for a motor without electrodynamic loudspeaker iron, motors comprising such a structure as well as loudspeakers. It has applications in the industrial field of sound reproduction and sound, including premises.
  • the electrodynamic loudspeakers usually comprise a cylindrical coil mechanically secured to an emissive acoustic surface, also called a membrane.
  • the coil is generally carried by a straight mandrel integral with the membrane.
  • This emissive acoustic surface is usually conical (cone) or spherical (dome).
  • the speakers have a cylindrical axis of symmetry in general although there are elliptical speakers. They also comprise a fixed magnetic circuit whose function is to create in a gap a radial magnetic field on the coil.
  • the magnetic iron circuits generally comprise an annular or discoidal magnet with axial magnetization and ferromagnetic parts intended to channel the magnetic flux through the coil. This is how the demand WO 96/04706 Axially focused radial magnet voice coil actuator by M. Sgresach, proposes the use of radial magnets.
  • the proposed magnetic circuit comprises iron or a soft ferromagnetic material.
  • the loudspeaker motor has a superimposition of three magnets of the same remanent magnetization and polarizations of the magnetic fields alternated at 90 ° to each other and whose magnetic polarization orientations are such that the looping of the magnetic field outside the magnets is essentially on the side of the gap as shown Figure 4 of this document.
  • the invention relates to a magnetic field generating magnetic field motor without electrodynamic moving coil speaker, the magnetic structure generating a magnetic field in a gap in which is disposed the coil, said magnetic structure being formed of stack of three magnets corresponding to an intermediate magnet and two up and down covering magnets, said magnets having their edges delimiting the air gap aligned and forming a right air gap edge, said magnets being furthermore contiguous, the intermediate magnet having a radial magnetic polarization, the covering magnets having the same magnetic polarization and substantially identical remanent magnetizations.
  • the covering magnets have a radial or axial magnetic polarization and when the magnetic polarization of the covering magnets is radial, the remanent magnetization of each covering magnet is greater than the remanent magnetization of the intermediate magnet, and when the magnetic polarization of the lap magnets is axial, the remanent magnetization of each lap magnet is less than the remanent magnetization of the intermediate magnet.
  • magnet in the context of the invention covers both a single magnet (pellet, ring / crown), an assembly of magnets (including tiles) as will be explained.
  • the invention also relates to an electrodynamic loudspeaker motor such that it comprises a single magnetic structure according to one or more of the characteristics described, said magnetic structure being able to be internal (towards the center of the motor) or external with respect to the coil.
  • the invention also relates to a motor for an electrodynamic loudspeaker such that it comprises in opposite and same level (height) two internal and external magnetic structures with respect to the coil, each of the structures being according to one or several of the characteristics described, the magnetic polarizations of the similar magnets (high internal overlap versus high or intermediate external overlap internal versus external intermediate or low internal overlap versus low outer covering) being identical in the two magnetic structures.
  • the magnetic structures are symmetrical geometrically and by revolution with respect to the coil. In another, they are not, or only partly.
  • the invention finally relates to a loudspeaker comprising an engine according to one or more of the characteristics described.
  • one of the aims of the invention is to obtain, in the air gap along the generatrix carrying the coil, a substantially constant induction (magnetic field) and, preferably, a height corresponding at least substantially to the height of the coil. the intermediate magnet.
  • An induction is considered to be substantially constant if it does not vary more than 1% and, preferably, even better, if it does not vary by more than 0.5%, over the height considered.
  • the speaker 1 on the Figure 1 comprises a coil 2 carried by a mandrel 3 integral with a membrane 4 and 4 'which is not detailed here and which are movable elements of the speaker.
  • the coil is immersed in a static magnetic field in an air gap (the term gap is used generically even if there is no iron for looping of the magnetic field outside the gap in the motor of the invention which is without iron).
  • the magnetic field of the gap is created by a fixed magnetic structure 5 generating said magnetic field and which is here external.
  • a force is generated which causes displacements called excursions of the coil, the mandrel and the membrane.
  • the other elements of the speaker such as the salad bowl or the / the mechanical suspensions ("spider" in particular) are not shown for reasons of simplification.
  • the magnetic structure is in this external example because to the outside of the mandrel 3 door coil 2 (the axis 6 of cylindrical symmetry of the speaker 1 is considered central and is inward relative to the mandrel / coil).
  • the magnetic structure comprises a stack of three magnets, an intermediate 8 and two top cover 7 and bottom 9, of the same radial magnetic polarization (horizontal on the Figure 1 ): the signs of the polar sides quoted air gap are identical (ie north, be south).
  • the width (horizontal measurement on the Figure 1 ) of all these magnets is identical.
  • the intermediate magnet 8 has a remanent magnetization less than that of each of the two overlapping magnets 5 and 9.
  • the upper (upper) and lower (lower) 5 overlapping magnets sandwich the intermediate magnet 8, all these magnets being contiguous to each other.
  • the speaker of the Figure 1 uses two rings with radial magnetic polarizations (covering magnets 7 and 9), one above and one below the intermediate magnet 8 with radial magnetic polarization.
  • the magnets constituting these two rings 7 and 9 have a remanent magnetization greater than the remanent magnetization of the intermediate magnet 8.
  • magnet in the context of the invention covers both a single magnet and a magnet formed of the assembly of several elementary magnets. This last case is essentially considered for magnets with radial magnetic polarization (horizontal in the Figure) for which we can implement assemblies of elementary magnets (also called tiles) juxtaposed on a circumference (or ellipse or other depending on the type of loud speaker).
  • the magnetic structure 5 is internal to the mandrel, that is to say disposed towards the center of the speaker relative to the mandrel.
  • two identical magnetic structures are implemented on either side of the mandrel. In the latter case, it is understood that since the diameters are different between the structure magnetic internal and external, the own magnetic fields generated can be different between the two structures.
  • the volumes of the magnets are adjusted to equalize these magnetic fields between the internal and external structures.
  • the intermediate magnet is N48 10mm high and 12mm wide and the cover magnets are N52 and each have a height of 3mm and a width of 10mm.
  • This configuration makes it possible to obtain a uniform magnetic field of 0.77 Tesla in a gap of 2 mm in width at the spool mandrel (which is then approximately 1 mm from the edge of the gap).
  • the intermediate magnet 8 has a radial magnetic polarization (horizontal in the Figure) and the magnetic polarizations of the top 11 and bottom 12 magnetic magnets are, when they are axial (vertical in the Figure and therefore parallel to the axis symmetry 6 of the speaker).
  • these magnetic polarizations of the covering magnets 11, 12 are opposed to each other. The signs of the polar faces of these three magnets are such that the generated magnetic field is preferentially directed towards the gap.
  • the looping (loopback) of the generated magnetic field is quoted air gap since the polar side of the air gap of the intermediate magnet 8 is of sign opposite to the sign of the free polar faces (high and low in the Figure) 11 and 12 overlapping magnets.
  • the remanent magnetization of the intermediate magnet 8 is greater than the remanent magnetization of each of the covering magnets 11 or 12.
  • a configuration according to the Figure 4 with intermediate magnet 8 of 1.4 Tesla and cover magnets 11, 12 of 1.1 Tesla each, could be calculated and it generates a magnetic induction of 0.62 Tesla on 65% of the height of the intermediate magnet.
  • the dimensions and / or magnetizations of the internal magnetic structure are independent of those of the external magnetic structure.
  • Two achievements of this type have been represented on the Figures 6 and 7 . It is therefore understood that all the combinations of size difference and / or magnetization between the internal and external structures are considered in the context of the invention.
  • the global organizations of the magnetic polarization of the internal and external magnetic structures remain identical, that is to say all radial internal and external (cf. Figure 5 and 6 ) or both in axial + radial combination (cf. Figure 7 ).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Magnetische, ein magnetisches Feld erzeugende Struktur (5, 5', 5", 10) für den eisenfreien Motor eines elektrodynamischen Lautsprechers (1) mit einer beweglichen Spule (2), wobei die magnetische Struktur in einem Luftspalt, in dem die Spule gelagert ist, ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt, wobei die magnetische Struktur aus einer Aufschichtung von drei Magneten, die einem Zwischenmagneten (8, 8`, 8") entspricht, und zwei Magneten für eine obere und eine untere Abdeckung (7, 9) (7`, 9`) (7", 9") (11, 12) gebildet ist, wobei die Ränder der Magnete, die den Luftspalt begrenzen, aufeinander ausgerichtet sind und einen geraden Luftspaltrand bilden, wobei die Magnete darüber hinaus aneinander gereiht sind, wobei der Zwischenmagnet eine radiale magnetische Polarisation aufweist und die Abdeckmagnete eine gleiche magnetische Polarisation und im Wesentlichen gleiche remanente Magnetisierungen aufweisen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdecktnagnete eine radiale (7, 9) (7`, 9') (7", 9") oder axiale (11, 12) magnetische Polarisation aufweisen und daß, wenn die magnetische Polarisation der Abdeckmagnete radial ist, die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten größer als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist und daß, wenn die magnetische Polarisation der Abdeckmagnete axial ist, die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten kleiner als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  2. Magnetische Struktur gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten je nach Fall um 1 %, vorzugsweise um 5 %, größer oder kleiner als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  3. Magnetische Struktur gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten je nach Fall um 10 % größer oder kleiner als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  4. Magnetische Struktur gemäß Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite jedes Abdeckmagneten in einer magnetischen Struktur größer als die Breite des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  5. Magnetische Struktur gemäß Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite jedes Abdeckmagneten in einer magnetischen Struktur kleiner als oder gleich der Breite des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  6. Magnetische Struktur gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die drei Magnete eine gleiche magnetische Polarisation aufweisen, wobei die Polarisation radial ist, wobei die Polseiten gleichen Vorzeichens der drei Magnete am Luftspalt angrenzen, wobei die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten größer als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  7. Magnetische Struktur gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenmagnet eine radiale magnetische Polarisation und die beiden Abdeckmagnete eine zur Symmetrieachse des Lautsprechers koaxiale magnetische Polarisation aufweisen, wobei die Vorzeichen der Polseiten der Abdeckmagnete, die mit dem Zwischenmagneten in Kontakt stehen, gleich sind und das gleiche Vorzeichen wie die am Luftspalt angrenzende Polseite des Zwischenmagneten haben, wobei die remanente Magnetisierung jedes Abdeckmagneten kleiner als die remanente Magnetisierung des Zwischenmagneten ist.
  8. Motor für einen elektrodynamischen Lautsprecher, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine einzige magnetische Struktur (5, 5', 5", 10) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche aufweist, wobei die magnetische Struktur in Bezug auf die Spule innerhalb oder außerhalb angeordnet sein kann.
  9. Motor für einen elektrodynamischen Lautsprecher, der gegenüberliegend und auf gleicher Höhe zwei magnetische Strukturen, in Bezug auf die Spule eine innere und eine äußere, aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Strukturen eine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 ist, wobei die magnetischen Polarisationen gleicher Magnete in den beiden magnetischen Strukturen identisch sind.
  10. Lautsprecher mit einem Motor gemäß Anspruch 8 oder 9.
EP08836843.6A 2007-09-18 2008-09-18 Magnetische struktur für den eisenfreien motor eines elektrodynamischen lautsprechers sowie entsprechende motoren und lautsprecher Active EP2204048B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0757657A FR2921224B1 (fr) 2007-09-18 2007-09-18 Structure magnetique pour moteur sans fer de haut-parleur electrodynamique, moteurs et haut-parleurs
PCT/FR2008/051678 WO2009047455A2 (fr) 2007-09-18 2008-09-18 Structure magnetique pour moteur sans fer de haut-parleur electrodynamique, moteurs et haut-parleurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2204048A2 EP2204048A2 (de) 2010-07-07
EP2204048B1 true EP2204048B1 (de) 2015-07-22

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EP08836843.6A Active EP2204048B1 (de) 2007-09-18 2008-09-18 Magnetische struktur für den eisenfreien motor eines elektrodynamischen lautsprechers sowie entsprechende motoren und lautsprecher

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8055010B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2204048B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5535917B2 (de)
CN (1) CN101828408A (de)
AU (1) AU2008309455B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2700031C (de)
FR (1) FR2921224B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009047455A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

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US8309685B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-11-13 Celgene Avilomics Research, Inc. HCV protease inhibitors and uses thereof
FR2960738B1 (fr) * 2010-05-28 2015-09-25 Focal Jmlab Haut-parleur acoustique
WO2014090346A1 (de) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-19 Blaupunkt Embedded Systems Gmbh Magnetsystem für einen lautsprecher, magnetisierungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur herstellung eines magnetsystems und lautsprecher
DE102013205169A1 (de) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-25 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrodynamischer Schallwandler
WO2019134162A1 (zh) 2018-01-08 2019-07-11 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 一种骨传导扬声器
US10848874B2 (en) * 2018-02-20 2020-11-24 Google Llc Panel audio loudspeaker electromagnetic actuator
US10841704B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2020-11-17 Google Llc Distributed mode loudspeaker electromagnetic actuator with axially and radially magnetized circuit
DK180111B1 (en) 2018-10-04 2020-05-06 Upper Level Aps A magnetic system for an electromechanical transducer
CN111614226A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-01 雅科贝思精密机电(南通)有限公司 一种可变刚性的磁性重力补偿器的音圈电机

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2921224A1 (fr) 2009-03-20
US20100172534A1 (en) 2010-07-08
WO2009047455A2 (fr) 2009-04-16
US8055010B2 (en) 2011-11-08
AU2008309455A1 (en) 2009-04-16
AU2008309455B2 (en) 2013-05-30
JP5535917B2 (ja) 2014-07-02
CA2700031A1 (fr) 2009-04-16
CN101828408A (zh) 2010-09-08
JP2010539883A (ja) 2010-12-16
EP2204048A2 (de) 2010-07-07
CA2700031C (fr) 2017-05-02
WO2009047455A3 (fr) 2009-06-11
FR2921224B1 (fr) 2009-12-04

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