EP2192660B1 - Carbon brush for transferring high currents - Google Patents

Carbon brush for transferring high currents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2192660B1
EP2192660B1 EP09174288.2A EP09174288A EP2192660B1 EP 2192660 B1 EP2192660 B1 EP 2192660B1 EP 09174288 A EP09174288 A EP 09174288A EP 2192660 B1 EP2192660 B1 EP 2192660B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon brush
contact
carbon
connecting element
contact element
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EP09174288.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2192660A2 (en
EP2192660A3 (en
Inventor
Henrik Neuweger
Hans Lippert
Thomas Weber
Andreas Reetz
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Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP2192660A3 publication Critical patent/EP2192660A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/36—Connections of cable or wire to brush

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon brush for transmitting high currents with a connection part for connection of an electrical conductor and a consumable contact part with a trained for abutment with a slip ring device, in particular commutator, contact surface.
  • Carbon brushes of the type mentioned above are often referred to as so-called “industrial carbon brushes” and especially used where carbon brushes high currents are transmitted, which are often more than 20 amps / cm 2 brush surface.
  • such carbon brushes are used both in engines and in generators, the latter being increasingly the case in the field of wind turbines.
  • the known industrial carbon brushes are produced as essentially homogeneous shaped bodies which have a constant composition both in their contact part coming into contact with the slip ring device during operation and in their connecting part to which the electrical connecting conductor is connected.
  • a significant proportion of the silver present in the carbon brush which consumes in the contact part together with the carbon during wear of the carbon brush, is present in the connection part, where the specific material properties of the silver, in cooperation with the carbon in the contact part are required, not needed.
  • the connection part of the carbon brush serves in particular for producing an electrically conductive connection with the connecting conductor. After consumption of the contact part of the connecting part is disposed of regularly together with the silver content contained therein.
  • the material composition of the contact part consists of two graphite powders with a binder.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a carbon brush for the transmission of high currents, which allows a reliable function of the carbon brush with reduced manufacturing costs compared to the known carbon brushes.
  • the carbon brush according to the invention for transmitting high currents has a shaped body, which differentiated in its composition with respect to the different functions of the regions of the carbon brush between the connecting part, which serves to connect an electrical conductor, and the contact part, which for continuously forming a contact with the material the mating contact part or the slip ring device is used and must ensure in contrast to the connector by consumption for a snug contact against the material of the mating contact.
  • connection part and the contact part are designed to merge into one another in a layer overall zone oriented transversely to the wear direction of the carbon brush and form an integral molded body with different compositions adapted to the different functions of the connection part and the contact part.
  • the carbon content of the contact portion is greater than the carbon portion of the termination portion because the carbon is essential to the formation of the desired low friction contact.
  • the contact part has a metal content which is different from the metal content of the connection part in order to be able to optimally coordinate the metal parts to the different functions of the metal content in the contact part and in the connection part.
  • a metal can be selected for the contact part, on the one hand allows the formation of a desired low contact resistance, on the other hand, however, has comparatively little abrasive properties in order to affect the advantageous properties of the carbon in terms of forming a low-friction contact as little as possible.
  • the connection part which is separated by the layer transition zone from the consuming part of the carbon brush and in which it is therefore not on the wear-influencing properties arrives, it is thus possible to select a metal component which, irrespective of its abrasive properties, on the one hand has sufficient mechanical strength to fulfill the mechanical connection function and, on the other hand, has good electrical conductivity for producing the electrical connection to the connection conductor.
  • the carbon brush according to the invention is thus defined as a carbon brush which separates regions from one another by the layer transition zone, which regions can each be optimized independently of one another with regard to the essential functions of the regions.
  • the carbon brush according to the invention in a worn until reaching the layer transition zone carbon brush in the remaining, to be disposed of and substantially consisting only of the connecting part brush residue no more silver.
  • the contact part has a metal content that consists predominantly of silver and the connection part has a metal content that consists predominantly of copper.
  • the metal content in the contact part can be 50% or more, depending on the requirements of the carbon brush.
  • the metal content of the contact part can be up to 100% copper or copper alloy depending on the requirement.
  • connection part consists of 100% copper or a copper alloy.
  • the contact part adjacent to the layer transfer zone has a compared to a provided with the contact surface consumption area with different composition indicator region having a deviating relative to the consumption metal portion, taking advantage of a multi-layer structure, the formation of a consumption or Maintenance indicator on the carbon brush possible without the special separate contact devices would have to be provided.
  • this embodiment one can simply make use of the advantageous effect that due to the deviating from the consumption range of metal portion of the indicator area when forming the contact surface in the indicator area a corresponding change in resistance is the case. This resistance change can be used as a signal for the need to replace the carbon brush.
  • connection part has a flat connection surface for producing a soldered or welded connection with the electrical conductor, so that without the need for special receiving devices on the connection part a simple surface attachment of the Connection conductor by a solder or welded connection is possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows a carbon brush 10 with a contact part 11 and a connection part 12, each of which consists of individual mold particles 24, 25, 26 ( FIG. Fig. 4a ) are manufactured and are integrally connected to each other via a layer transition zone 13.
  • the production of in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush can by means of the below with reference to the Fig. 4a to 4c Shaping process shown, in such a way that the carbon brush 10 is formed as a molding by suitable compression, wherein in the layer transition zone 13 a local limited to the layer transition zone 13 penetration of the contact member 11 with the connection part 12 due to the pressurization of the mold particles of the contact parts 11 and 12 sets ,
  • the contact part 11 is in the case of in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a mixture of 60 weight percent silver and 40 weight percent carbon and is in the direction of in Fig. 1 consumed by indicated by the arrow contact pressure.
  • the connection part 12 is in the case of in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the carbon brush 10 made of pure copper.
  • the contact part 11 has adjacent to an in Fig. 1 indicated contact surface 14 of a commutator 15 on a contact surface 16 which is formed adapted fitting to the contour of the contact surface 14.
  • Fig. 2 shows a formed in the present case by the rear end face of the connection part 12 flat connection surface 17, which serves for producing an electrically conductive connection of the connection part 12 formed here for example by a solder joint 18 with an electrical connection conductor 19.
  • Fig. 3 shows in a further embodiment, a carbon brush 20, which differs from the in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush 10 has a contact part 21 which adjacent to the contact surface 16 has a consumption region 22 and an immediately adjacent, adjacent to the layer transition zone 13 indicator region 23. Consistent with the in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush 10 connects to the layer transition zone 13, a connection part 12 at.
  • the indicator region 23 differs from the consumption region 22 by a relatively lower proportion of silver.
  • one possibility of producing the carbon brush 10 is to use a forming device 27 comprising a forming tool 28 and a number of forming punches 29 to 31, wherein first for example by a mold slide separate mold portions 33 and 34 with the mold particles 24, 25 and 26 respectively the desired material composition of the contact part 11 and the connection part 12 are filled.
  • the mold particles 24 consist of graphite, the mold particles 25 of silver and the mold particles 26 of copper.
  • the mold slide 32 is removed from the mold ( Fig. 4b ), so that a direct contact between the mold particles 24, 25 arranged in the first mold region 33 and the mold particles 26 arranged in the second mold region 34 results to form the film transition zone 13.
  • the carbon brush 10 is finally produced ( Fig. 4c ). Further partitioning, as with the in Fig. 3 shown carbon brush 20, can be done by a corresponding number and arrangement of additional mold slide in the mold.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Kohlebürste zur Übertragung hoher Ströme mit einem Anschlussteil zum Anschluss eines elektrischen Leiters und einem sich verbrauchenden Kontaktteil mit einer zur Anlage an eine Schleifringeinrichtung, insbesondere Kommutatoreinrichtung, ausgebildeten Kontaktfläche.The present invention relates to a carbon brush for transmitting high currents with a connection part for connection of an electrical conductor and a consumable contact part with a trained for abutment with a slip ring device, in particular commutator, contact surface.

Kohlebürsten der eingansgenannten Art werden häufig auch als so genannte "Industriekohlebürsten" bezeichnet und vor allem dort eingesetzt, wo über Kohlebürsten hohe Ströme übertragen werden, die nicht selten mehr als 20 Ampere/cm2 Bürstenfläche betragen. Dabei werden derartige Kohlebürsten sowohl in Motoren als auch in Generatoren eingesetzt, wobei letzteres in zunehmendem Maße auch im Bereich von Windkraftanlagen der Fall ist.Carbon brushes of the type mentioned above are often referred to as so-called "industrial carbon brushes" and especially used where carbon brushes high currents are transmitted, which are often more than 20 amps / cm 2 brush surface. In this case, such carbon brushes are used both in engines and in generators, the latter being increasingly the case in the field of wind turbines.

Aufgrund der hohen übertragenen Leistungen ist es im Fall von Industriekohlebürsten besonders wichtig, dem Kohlenstoff in ausreichendem Maße metallische Anteile zuzusetzen, die zur Ausbildung möglichst geringer Übergangswiderstände beitragen, um insbesondere die durch den elektrischen Widerstand bedingte Aufheizung der Kohlebürsten möglichst gering zu halten. Hierzu hat es sich bewährt, die regelmäßig als Formkörper hergestellten Kohlebürsten aus einer Formpartikelzusammensetzung herzustellen, die zu einem den Kohlenstoffanteil überwiegenden Anteil aus einem geeigneten Metall, insbesondere Silber, bestehen. In der Praxis übersteigen dabei die Silberanteile der Industriekohlebürsten nicht selten 60 % und mehr. Hierdurch ergeben sich für die Industriekohlebürsten unabhängig von den verfahrensspezifischen Herstellungskosten allein aufgrund der benötigten Silbermenge erhebliche Herstellungskosten.Due to the high transferred power, it is particularly important in the case of industrial carbon brushes to add sufficient amounts of metal to the carbon, which contribute to the formation of the lowest possible contact resistance, in particular due to the electrical resistance heating of the carbon brushes keep as low as possible. For this purpose, it has proven useful to produce the carbon brushes regularly produced as a molded article from a molding particle composition, which consist of a suitable proportion of the carbon content of a suitable metal, in particular silver. In practice, the silver content of industrial carbon brushes often exceed 60% or more. This results in the industrial carbon brushes, regardless of the process-specific production costs alone due to the required amount of silver considerable manufacturing costs.

Die bekannten Industriekohlebürsten werden als im Wesentlichen homogene Formkörper hergestellt, die sowohl in ihrem im Betrieb mit der Schleifringeinrichtung in Kontakt kommenden Kontaktteil als auch in ihrem Anschlussteil, an den der elektrische Anschlussleiter angeschlossen ist, eine gleich bleibende Zusammensetzung aufweisen. Im Ergebnis führt dies dazu, dass ein erheblicher Anteil des in der Kohlebürste vorhandenen Silbers, das sich im Kontaktteil zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoff während der Abnutzung der Kohlebürste verbraucht, im Anschlussteil vorhanden ist, wo die spezifischen Materialeigenschaften des Silbers, die im Zusammenwirken mit dem Kohlenstoff im Kontaktteil erforderlich sind, nicht benötigt werden. Vielmehr dient der Anschlussteil der Kohlebürste insbesondere zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Verbindung mit dem Anschlussleiter. Nach Verbrauch des Kontaktteils wird der Anschlussteil zusammen mit dem darin enthaltenen Silberanteil regelmäßig entsorgt.The known industrial carbon brushes are produced as essentially homogeneous shaped bodies which have a constant composition both in their contact part coming into contact with the slip ring device during operation and in their connecting part to which the electrical connecting conductor is connected. As a result, a significant proportion of the silver present in the carbon brush, which consumes in the contact part together with the carbon during wear of the carbon brush, is present in the connection part, where the specific material properties of the silver, in cooperation with the carbon in the contact part are required, not needed. Rather, the connection part of the carbon brush serves in particular for producing an electrically conductive connection with the connecting conductor. After consumption of the contact part of the connecting part is disposed of regularly together with the silver content contained therein.

Aus dem Dokument US-A-5441 683 ist bekannt, daß die Materialzusammensetzung des Kontaktteils aus zwei Graphitpulvern mit einem Bindemittel besteht.From the document US-A-5441683 It is known that the material composition of the contact part consists of two graphite powders with a binder.

Aus der bislang geübten Praxis ergibt sich, dass für die Herstellung der Industriekohlebürsten also insgesamt eine Silbermenge eingesetzt wird, die für den Betrieb der Kohlebürsten nicht notwendig ist.From the practice practiced hitherto, it follows that for the production of the industrial carbon brushes a total amount of silver is used which is not necessary for the operation of the carbon brushes.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kohlebürste zur Übertragung hoher Ströme vorzuschlagen, die eine sichere Funktion der Kohlebürste bei gleichzeitig gegenüber den bekannten Kohlebürsten verringerten Herstellungskosten ermöglicht.The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a carbon brush for the transmission of high currents, which allows a reliable function of the carbon brush with reduced manufacturing costs compared to the known carbon brushes.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Kohlebürste mit den Merkmalen des Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a carbon brush with the features of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kohlebürste zur Übertragung hoher Ströme weist einen Formkörper auf, der in seiner Zusammensetzung hinsichtlich der unterschiedlichen Funktionen der Bereiche der Kohlebürste differenziert zwischen dem Anschlussteil, der zum Anschluss eines elektrischen Leiters dient, und dem Kontaktteil, der zur kontinuierlichen Ausbildung eines Kontakts mit dem Material des Gegenkontaktteils bzw. der Schleifringeinrichtung dient und im Unterschied zu dem Anschlussteil durch Verbrauch für einen anschmiegenden Kontakt gegen das Material des Gegenkontakts sorgen muss.The carbon brush according to the invention for transmitting high currents has a shaped body, which differentiated in its composition with respect to the different functions of the regions of the carbon brush between the connecting part, which serves to connect an electrical conductor, and the contact part, which for continuously forming a contact with the material the mating contact part or the slip ring device is used and must ensure in contrast to the connector by consumption for a snug contact against the material of the mating contact.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kohlebürste sind der Anschlussteil und der Kontaktteil in einer quer zur Abnutzungsrichtung der Kohlebürste orientierten Schichtüberganzzone ineinander übergehend ausgebildet und bilden einen einstückigen Formkörper mit unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzungen, die den unterschiedlichen Funktionen des Anschlussteils und des Kontaktteils angepasst sind. Demgemäß ist der Kohlenstoffanteil des Kontaktteils größer als der Kohlenstoffanteil des Anschlussteils, da der Kohlenstoff für die Ausbildung des gewünschten reibungsarmen Kontakts wesentlich ist. Neben dem Kohlenstoffanteil weist der Kontaktteil einen Metallanteil auf, der vom Metallanteil des Anschlussteils unterschiedlich ist, um die Metallanteile jeweils optimal auf die unterschiedlichen Funktionen des Metallanteils im Kontaktteil und im Anschlussteil abstimmen zu können. Somit kann für den Kontaktteil ein Metall gewählt werden, dass einerseits die Ausbildung eines gewünschten geringen Übergangswiderstandes ermöglicht, andererseits jedoch auch vergleichsweise wenig abrasive Eigenschaften hat, um die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften des Kohlenstoffs hinsichtlich der Ausbildung eines reibungsarmen Kontakts möglichst wenig zu beeinträchtigen. Für den Anschlussteil, der durch die Schichtübergangszone von dem sich verbrauchenden Teil der Kohlebürste getrennt ist und bei dem es demzufolge nicht auf den Verschleiß beeinflussende Eigenschaften ankommt, kann somit ein Metallanteil gewählt werden, der ohne Rücksicht auf seine abrasiven Eigenschaften einerseits eine ausreichende mechanische Festigkeit zur Erfüllung der mechanischen Verbindungsfunktion und andererseits eine gute elektrische Leitfähigkeit zur Herstellung der elektrischen Verbindung zum Anschlussleiter aufweist.In the case of the carbon brush according to the invention, the connection part and the contact part are designed to merge into one another in a layer overall zone oriented transversely to the wear direction of the carbon brush and form an integral molded body with different compositions adapted to the different functions of the connection part and the contact part. Accordingly, the carbon content of the contact portion is greater than the carbon portion of the termination portion because the carbon is essential to the formation of the desired low friction contact. In addition to the carbon content, the contact part has a metal content which is different from the metal content of the connection part in order to be able to optimally coordinate the metal parts to the different functions of the metal content in the contact part and in the connection part. Thus, a metal can be selected for the contact part, on the one hand allows the formation of a desired low contact resistance, on the other hand, however, has comparatively little abrasive properties in order to affect the advantageous properties of the carbon in terms of forming a low-friction contact as little as possible. For the connection part, which is separated by the layer transition zone from the consuming part of the carbon brush and in which it is therefore not on the wear-influencing properties arrives, it is thus possible to select a metal component which, irrespective of its abrasive properties, on the one hand has sufficient mechanical strength to fulfill the mechanical connection function and, on the other hand, has good electrical conductivity for producing the electrical connection to the connection conductor.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kohlebürste ist somit als eine Kohlebürste definiert, die durch die Schichtübergangszone Bereiche voneinander trennt, die jeweils unabhängig voneinander hinsichtlich der wesentlichen Funktionen der Bereiche optimierbar sind. Somit ist es auch möglich, den Silberanteil bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kohlebürste gegenüber der bekannten Kohlebürste dadurch erheblich abzusenken, dass der Silberanteil nur noch für den Kontaktteil notwendig ist. Demzufolge ist bei entsprechender Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Kohlebürste bei einer bis zum Erreichen der Schichtübergangzone abgenutzten Kohlebürste in dem verbleibenden, zu entsorgenden und im Wesentlichen lediglich aus dem Anschlussteil bestehenden Bürstenrest kein Silber mehr enthalten.The carbon brush according to the invention is thus defined as a carbon brush which separates regions from one another by the layer transition zone, which regions can each be optimized independently of one another with regard to the essential functions of the regions. Thus, it is also possible to significantly reduce the silver content in the carbon brush according to the invention compared to the known carbon brush, that the silver content is only necessary for the contact part. Accordingly, with a corresponding embodiment of the carbon brush according to the invention in a worn until reaching the layer transition zone carbon brush in the remaining, to be disposed of and substantially consisting only of the connecting part brush residue no more silver.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kohlebürste weist der Kontaktteil einen Metallanteil auf, der überwiegend aus Silber besteht und der Anschlussteil einen Metallanteil, der überwiegend aus Kupfer besteht. Hiermit ist eine hinsichtlich der Auswahl des jeweiligen Metalls für den Kontaktteil und den Anschlussteil optimierte Kohlebürste möglich.In a preferred embodiment of the carbon brush according to the invention, the contact part has a metal content that consists predominantly of silver and the connection part has a metal content that consists predominantly of copper. Hereby, a carbon brush optimized with regard to the selection of the respective metal for the contact part and the connection part is possible.

Der Metallanteil im Kontaktteil kann je nach Anforderung an die Kohlebürste 50 % oder mehr betragen. Der Metallanteil des Kontaktteils kann je nach Anforderung bis zu 100 % aus einem Kupferwerkstoff oder einer Kupferlegierung bestehen.The metal content in the contact part can be 50% or more, depending on the requirements of the carbon brush. The metal content of the contact part can be up to 100% copper or copper alloy depending on the requirement.

Eine besonders hochfeste, selbst größten mechanischen Belastungen gerecht werdende Ausführungsform ist gegeben, wenn der Anschlussteil zu 100 % aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung besteht.A particularly high-strength, even the largest mechanical loads justice embodiment is given if the connection part consists of 100% copper or a copper alloy.

Wenn gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Kohlebürste der Kontaktteil benachbart zur Schichtübertragungszone einen gegenüber einem mit der Kontaktfläche versehenen Verbrauchsbereich mit abweichender Zusammensetzung ausgebildeten Indikatorbereich aufweist, der einen gegenüber dem Verbrauchsbereich abweichenden Metallanteil aufweist, ist unter Ausnutzung eines mehrschichtigen Aufbaus die Ausbildung einer Verbrauchs- bzw. Wartungsanzeige an der Kohlebürste möglich, ohne das besondere separate Kontakteinrichtungen vorgesehen werden müssten. Bei dieser Ausführungsform kann man sich einfach den vorteilhaften Effekt zu Nutze machen, dass aufgrund des vom Verbrauchsbereich abweichenden Metallanteils des Indikatorbereichs bei Ausbildung der Kontaktfläche im Indikatorbereich eine entsprechende Änderung des Widerstands der Fall ist. Diese Widerstandsänderung kann als Signal für die Notwendigkeit des Austauschs der Kohlebürste verwendet werden.If, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the carbon brush, the contact part adjacent to the layer transfer zone has a compared to a provided with the contact surface consumption area with different composition indicator region having a deviating relative to the consumption metal portion, taking advantage of a multi-layer structure, the formation of a consumption or Maintenance indicator on the carbon brush possible without the special separate contact devices would have to be provided. In this embodiment, one can simply make use of the advantageous effect that due to the deviating from the consumption range of metal portion of the indicator area when forming the contact surface in the indicator area a corresponding change in resistance is the case. This resistance change can be used as a signal for the need to replace the carbon brush.

Unabhängig von der Ausbildung eines Indikatorbereichs an der Kohlebürste ist es in jedem Fall von Vorteil, wenn der Anschlussteil eine ebene Anschlussfläche zur Herstellung einer Lot- oder Schweißverbindung mit dem elektrischen Leiter aufweist, so dass ohne die Notwendigkeit besonderer Aufnahmeeinrichtungen am Anschlussteil eine einfache flächige Anbringung des Anschlussleiters durch eine Lot- oder Schweißverbindung möglich ist.Regardless of the formation of an indicator region on the carbon brush, it is in any case advantageous if the connection part has a flat connection surface for producing a soldered or welded connection with the electrical conductor, so that without the need for special receiving devices on the connection part a simple surface attachment of the Connection conductor by a solder or welded connection is possible.

Nachfolgend werden anhand der Zeichnung bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung erläutert.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Kohlebürste in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 2
die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Kohlebürste mit einer am Anschlussteil der Kohlebürste ausgebildeten Anschlussseite;
Fig. 3
eine Kohlebürste in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
Fig. 4a bis 4c
ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kohlebürste.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a carbon brush in a first embodiment;
Fig. 2
in the Fig. 1 shown carbon brush with a formed on the connection part of the carbon brush connection side;
Fig. 3
a carbon brush in another embodiment;
Fig. 4a to 4c
a process for the preparation of in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Kohlebürste 10 mit einem Kontaktteil 11 und einem Anschlussteil 12, die jeweils aus einzelnen Formpartikeln 24, 25, 26 ( Fig. 4a ) hergestellt sind und über eine Schichtübergangszone 13 einstückig miteinander verbunden sind. Die Herstellung der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kohlebürste kann vermittels des nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 4a bis 4c dargestellten Formpressverfahrens erfolgen, derart, dass durch geeignete Verdichtung die Kohlebürste 10 als Formstück ausgebildet wird, wobei sich in der Schichtübergangszone 13 eine lokal auf die Schichtübergangszone 13 beschränkte Durchdringung des Kontaktteils 11 mit dem Anschlussteil 12 infolge der Druckbeaufschlagung der Formpartikel der Kontaktteile 11 und 12 einstellt. Fig. 1 shows a carbon brush 10 with a contact part 11 and a connection part 12, each of which consists of individual mold particles 24, 25, 26 ( FIG. Fig. 4a ) are manufactured and are integrally connected to each other via a layer transition zone 13. The production of in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush can by means of the below with reference to the Fig. 4a to 4c Shaping process shown, in such a way that the carbon brush 10 is formed as a molding by suitable compression, wherein in the layer transition zone 13 a local limited to the layer transition zone 13 penetration of the contact member 11 with the connection part 12 due to the pressurization of the mold particles of the contact parts 11 and 12 sets ,

Der Kontaktteil 11 besteht im Falle des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels aus einem Gemenge von 60 Gewichtsprozent Silber und 40 Gewichtsprozent Kohlenstoff und wird in Richtung des in Fig. 1 durch den Pfeil angedeuteten Anpressdruck verbraucht. Der Anschlussteil 12 besteht im Falle des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels der Kohlebürste 10 aus reinem Kupfer.The contact part 11 is in the case of in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a mixture of 60 weight percent silver and 40 weight percent carbon and is in the direction of in Fig. 1 consumed by indicated by the arrow contact pressure. The connection part 12 is in the case of in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the carbon brush 10 made of pure copper.

Der Kontaktteil 11 weist angrenzend an eine in Fig. 1 angedeutete Kontaktoberfläche 14 einer Kommutatoreinrichtung 15 eine Kontaktfläche 16 auf, die angeschmiegt angepasst an die Kontur der Kontaktfläche 14 ausgebildet ist.The contact part 11 has adjacent to an in Fig. 1 indicated contact surface 14 of a commutator 15 on a contact surface 16 which is formed adapted fitting to the contour of the contact surface 14.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine im vorliegenden Fall durch die rückwärtige Stirnfläche des Anschlussteils 12 ausgebildete ebene Anschlussfläche 17, die zur Herstellung einer hier beispielsweise durch eine Lotverbindung 18 ausgebildeten elektrisch leitfähigen Verbindung des Anschlussteils 12 mit einem elektrischen Anschlussleiter 19 dient. Fig. 2 shows a formed in the present case by the rear end face of the connection part 12 flat connection surface 17, which serves for producing an electrically conductive connection of the connection part 12 formed here for example by a solder joint 18 with an electrical connection conductor 19.

Fig. 3 zeigt in einer weiteren Ausführungsform eine Kohlebürste 20, die abweichend von der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kohlebürste 10 einen Kontaktteil 21 aufweist, der benachbart zur Kontaktfläche 16 einen Verbrauchsbereich 22 und einen unmittelbar daran anschließenden, zur Schichtübergangszone 13 benachbarten Indikatorbereich 23 aufweist. Übereinstimmend mit der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kohlebürste 10 schließt sich an die Schichtübergangszone 13 ein Anschlussteil 12 an. Fig. 3 shows in a further embodiment, a carbon brush 20, which differs from the in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush 10 has a contact part 21 which adjacent to the contact surface 16 has a consumption region 22 and an immediately adjacent, adjacent to the layer transition zone 13 indicator region 23. Consistent with the in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush 10 connects to the layer transition zone 13, a connection part 12 at.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Kohlebürste 20 unterscheidet sich der Indikatorbereich 23 vom Verbrauchsbereich 22 durch einen vergleichsweise geringeren Silberanteil.At the in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the carbon brush 20, the indicator region 23 differs from the consumption region 22 by a relatively lower proportion of silver.

Wie in den Fig.4a bis 4c dargestellt, besteht eine Möglichkeit der Herstellung der Kohlebürste 10 darin, eine Formeinrichtung 27 umfassend ein Formwerkzeug 28 und eine Anzahl von Formstempeln 29 bis 31 zu verwenden, wobei zunächst beispielsweise durch einen Formschieber getrennte Formbereiche 33 und 34 mit den Formpartikeln 24, 25 und 26 entsprechend der gewünschten Materialzusammensetzung des Kontaktteils 11 und des Anschlussteils 12 befüllt werden. Beim Beispiel der Kohlebürste 10 bestehen die Formpartikel 24 aus Graphit, die Formpartikel 25 aus Silber und die Formpartikel 26 aus Kupfer.As in the Fig . 4a to 4c 1, one possibility of producing the carbon brush 10 is to use a forming device 27 comprising a forming tool 28 and a number of forming punches 29 to 31, wherein first for example by a mold slide separate mold portions 33 and 34 with the mold particles 24, 25 and 26 respectively the desired material composition of the contact part 11 and the connection part 12 are filled. In the example of the carbon brush 10, the mold particles 24 consist of graphite, the mold particles 25 of silver and the mold particles 26 of copper.

Anschließend wird der Formschieber 32aus dem Formwerkzeug entfernt ( Fig. 4b ), so dass sich eine unmittelbarer Kontakt zwischen den im ersten Formbereich 33 angeordneten Formpartikeln 24, 25 und den im zweiten Formbereich 34 angeordneten Formpartikeln 26 unter Ausbildung der Schichtübergangszone 13 ergibt. Durch anschließende Verdichtung der Formpartikel 24, 25 und 26 vermittels des von oben abgesenkten Formstempels 31 wird schließlich die Kohlebürste 10 hergestellt ( Fig. 4c ). Eine weitergehende Partitionierung, wie bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Kohlebürste 20, kann durch eine entsprechende Anzahl und Anordnung weiterer Formschieber im Formwerkzeug erfolgen.Subsequently, the mold slide 32 is removed from the mold ( Fig. 4b ), so that a direct contact between the mold particles 24, 25 arranged in the first mold region 33 and the mold particles 26 arranged in the second mold region 34 results to form the film transition zone 13. By subsequent compression of the mold particles 24, 25 and 26 by means of the lowered from above Forming stamp 31, the carbon brush 10 is finally produced ( Fig. 4c ). Further partitioning, as with the in Fig. 3 shown carbon brush 20, can be done by a corresponding number and arrangement of additional mold slide in the mold.

Claims (6)

  1. A carbon brush (10, 20) for transmitting high currents, comprising a connecting element (12) for connecting an electrical conductor (19) and a consumable contact element (11) having a contact surface (16) that is designed to lie flush against a commutator device,
    characterized in that
    the connecting element and the contact element merge in a layer transition zone (13) aligned perpendicularly to the direction of wear of the carbon brush and form a one-piece molded body, wherein the connecting element and the contact element have different compositions, such that a carbon content of the contact element is greater than the carbon content of the connecting element and the contact element and the connecting element have metal contents, the contact element having a metal content differing from that of the connecting element.
  2. The carbon brush according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the contact element (11) has a metal content composed mostly of silver and the connecting element (12) has a metal content composed mostly of copper.
  3. The carbon brush according to claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the contact element (11) consists of at least 50% by weight of silver or a silver alloy, and the connecting element (12) consists of at least 50% by weight of copper or a copper alloy.
  4. The carbon brush according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the connecting element (12) consists of 100% by weight of copper or a copper alloy.
  5. The carbon brush according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the contact element (11) next to the layer transition zone (13) has an indicator area (23) formed with a different composition than the consumable area (22) and provided with the contact surface (16), said indicator area having a metal content that differs from that of the consumable area.
  6. The carbon brush according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the connecting element (12) has a flat connecting surface (17) for creating a soldered or welded connection with the electrical conductor (19).
EP09174288.2A 2008-11-28 2009-10-28 Carbon brush for transferring high currents Active EP2192660B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008059478.4A DE102008059478B4 (en) 2008-11-28 2008-11-28 Carbon brush for the transmission of high currents

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2192660A2 EP2192660A2 (en) 2010-06-02
EP2192660A3 EP2192660A3 (en) 2013-03-27
EP2192660B1 true EP2192660B1 (en) 2016-01-27

Family

ID=41718977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09174288.2A Active EP2192660B1 (en) 2008-11-28 2009-10-28 Carbon brush for transferring high currents

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8847463B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2192660B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101783473A (en)
AU (1) AU2009233633B2 (en)
DE (1) DE102008059478B4 (en)
DK (1) DK2192660T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2568500T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE027766T2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100133951A1 (en) 2010-06-03
DK2192660T3 (en) 2016-04-25
CN101783473A (en) 2010-07-21
DE102008059478B4 (en) 2015-07-30
AU2009233633A1 (en) 2010-06-17
DE102008059478A1 (en) 2010-06-02
US8847463B2 (en) 2014-09-30
EP2192660A2 (en) 2010-06-02
AU2009233633B2 (en) 2014-10-02
HUE027766T2 (en) 2016-10-28
ES2568500T3 (en) 2016-04-29
EP2192660A3 (en) 2013-03-27

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