EP2186994B1 - Drilling device and drilling method - Google Patents

Drilling device and drilling method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2186994B1
EP2186994B1 EP09171656A EP09171656A EP2186994B1 EP 2186994 B1 EP2186994 B1 EP 2186994B1 EP 09171656 A EP09171656 A EP 09171656A EP 09171656 A EP09171656 A EP 09171656A EP 2186994 B1 EP2186994 B1 EP 2186994B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fluid
flow
control element
drilling
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EP09171656A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2186994A3 (en
EP2186994A2 (en
Inventor
Kay Heemann
Uwe Bohn
Wolfgang Ludwig
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/06—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 and a drilling method according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • a generic drilling apparatus is provided with a flushing device for flushing a bore by means of a fluid, a hydraulically powered propulsion device for propelling a drill bit in the bore, a flow restrictor disposed in hydraulic lines of the propulsion device for adjusting the propulsion rate, the flow restrictor being pressure actuatable Has adjusting element for adjusting a flow restriction and the actuator is pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled to the fluid.
  • a generic drilling method includes the steps of: propelling a drill bit into a bore by means of a hydraulically driven propulsion device; Setting a propelling speed of the propulsion device by means of a flow restrictor arranged in its hydraulic lines; Rinsing the bore with a fluid and coupling a pressure-actuatable actuator of the flow restrictor with the fluid.
  • the rock in mines consists of various layers. Besides the desired degradation products, e.g. Coal, ore, clay layers traverse the rock formations.
  • desired degradation products e.g. Coal, ore
  • clay layers traverse the rock formations.
  • the loads on a drilling device vary with the layers.
  • the drill master has to adapt a propulsion speed of a drill head to the layer sequences. Especially in loam layers a slow advance is required, so that the viscous clay is flushed out of the hole and does not settle around the drill head.
  • US 6,637,522 B2 is an automated drilling known to protect against overloading.
  • a wellbore is flushed with pressurized drilling fluid while drilling.
  • a signal generator measures the pressure.
  • An electrical control device controls the propulsion of a drill head in dependence on the measured pressure.
  • the DE 28 55 575 A1 relates to a hydraulic rock drilling machine, with a feed motor, which is assigned a hydraulic circuit with a supply line, and with a drilling tool of the drill a flushing medium supplying purge line, wherein in the purge line, a throttle is turned on, and wherein by means of the purge medium, a valve is closable, the between the supply line of the feed motor and a tank is turned on.
  • the WO 92/20898 A1 relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the supply of air to a rock drilling machine.
  • the air supply of a compressor is set so that the amount of air supplied by the compressor is small when the impact pressure of the impactor of the drill is large, and vice versa.
  • the drilling device according to the invention is characterized in that a further flow restrictor is arranged in a supply line of the fluid for rinsing and the further flow restrictor comprises a pressure-actuatable actuator and the actuator is non-positively coupled with a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line.
  • the drilling method according to the invention is characterized in that a volume flow of fluid for rinsing is regulated by means of a non-positively actuated flow restrictor as a function of a pressure of a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line.
  • the drilling device has a flushing device for flushing a bore with a flushing fluid.
  • a hydraulically driven propulsion device is provided to propel a drill in the bore.
  • a flow restrictor is disposed in hydraulic lines of the propulsion device to adjust the propulsion speed.
  • the flow restrictor includes a pressure operable actuator for adjusting a flow restriction.
  • a pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical coupling transmits the pressure of the fluid to the actuator.
  • the drilling device can control the feed rate in response to the pressure of the fluid to rinse the bore.
  • the pressure of the fluid increases when the fluid can no longer flush out the cuttings at a sufficient rate and as a result the bore begins to clog. This can occur, for example, when drilling in a clay layer.
  • the flow restrictor limits the flow of hydraulic fluid to the propulsion device.
  • the propulsion speed decreases until the rate with the new cuttings arises, the delivery rate of the fluid falls below.
  • a pressure gradient can occur between an input and an output of the flow limiter.
  • a hydraulic pump maintains the pressure on the input side while the pressure on the output side decreases as the propulsion device advances. Therefore, the flow restrictor may also be referred to as a pressure reducer.
  • the control is preferably realized without intermediate control or regulating electronics but solely by passive pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical components.
  • Electronic components require an electrical supply, which must be made available in addition in mining or open pit mining. Furthermore, a great deal of effort would have to be made to protect electrical connections and other contacts against the moist corrosive environment and the vibrations occurring.
  • the drilling method drives a drill into a bore via a hydraulically driven propulsion device.
  • a propulsion speed is arranged by means of a hydraulic lines in the propulsion device Flow restrictor set.
  • the bore is flushed out continuously with a flushing fluid, eg water.
  • a pressure-actuatable actuator of the flow restrictor is coupled to the fluid. The pressure of the fluid acts positively on the actuator and thereby controls the propulsion speed.
  • the flow restrictor has a valve which is designed to prevent the flow when the pressure at the actuator exceeds an upper threshold.
  • the valve should preferably be fully open.
  • a control can only work by closing and opening the valve.
  • Delay elements e.g. Hysteresis elements can improve the control behavior, in particular hysteresis elements, which slow down the opening of the valve.
  • valve is a proportional valve for adjusting the flow of hydraulic fluid or a pressure at its outlet in a proportional function of the pressure at the actuator.
  • the valve is made with a small stroke and even during the control behavior. A mechanical load on the valve can thus be kept low.
  • a manually operable, second actuator for influencing the proportional dependence may be provided.
  • a third actuator for setting the upper threshold or the lower threshold may also be provided. The drilling device and its control behavior can thereby be adapted to the local requirements.
  • the third control element with the propulsion device can be coupled in such a force-locking manner that the upper threshold value is increased with increasing propulsion. As drilling depth increases, the pressure required to flush out the hole increases. Therefore, it may be appropriate to automatically adjust the characteristic of the control behavior to the drilling depth.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a drilling apparatus 1 as a block diagram.
  • a drill head 2 is mounted on an armature 3.
  • the armature 3 is rotated by the drilling device 1 about its longitudinal axis 4.
  • the drill head 2 cuts a hole 5 in a rock formation. 5
  • the resulting cuttings 6 is removed by means of a flushing fluid 7 from the bore 5.
  • the drill head 2 has channels 8 which connect a rear side 9 of the drill head 2 with its front side 10.
  • the rinsing fluid 7 can be supplied to the drill head 2 via a channel 11 extending longitudinally in a hollow armature 3.
  • the provision of the flushing fluid 7 is effected by a feed pump 12 and a feed line 13 which is connected to the hollow armature 3.
  • the drill cuttings 6 are pressed out laterally past the drill head 2 from the bore 5 by means of the flushing fluid 7.
  • water or another liquid serves as flushing fluid 7.
  • compressed air can also be used.
  • air is not pressed in but sucked off.
  • a propulsion device 21 is provided for receiving and propelling the armature 3.
  • the propulsion device 21 has a hydraulic drive 20.
  • the drive includes one or more hydraulic cylinders 22.
  • a piston 24 of the cylinder 22 is moved out of the cylinder 22 by injecting a hydraulic fluid.
  • Suitable brackets 23 connect the armature 3 non-positively with the piston 24, whereby the armature 3 is driven in accordance with the feed rate of the piston 24 in the bore 5.
  • the hydraulic fluid is conveyed by a pump 27, which is connected via hydraulic lines 25 and a flow restrictor 30 to the cylinder 22.
  • the flow restrictor 30 is provided as an adjusting element, in order to regulate the feed rate of the piston 24 and the advancing speed of the drill head 2.
  • the volume flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic drive 20 is limited by the flow restrictor 30.
  • the lower the volume flow the lower the propulsion speed.
  • the propulsion rate is proportional to the flow rate.
  • the flow restrictor 30 has an actuating element which limits the flow under the action of force.
  • This pressure-actuable actuator is non-positively coupled 39 with the flushing fluid.
  • the flushing fluid is in direct contact with the pressure-actuable actuating element.
  • a coupling element 50 may be realized by a T-piece or other branch in the conduit 13 of the flushing fluid.
  • additional mechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic elements can be interposed.
  • the additional elements may have a mechanical lever, a hydraulic press, etc., so that a desired dependence of the force on the actuating element to the pressure of the flushing fluid is predetermined.
  • a follower valve may be included in the coupling element 50.
  • the follower valve is configured to only forward pressure from the coupling element 50 to the pressure-actuatable actuating element when the pressure exceeds a threshold value.
  • the frictional coupling 39 of the flushing fluid 7 with the flow restrictor 30 causes the propelling speed decreases with increasing pressure of the flushing fluid 7. For example, if the openings of the drill head 2 stick together due to, for example, clay-containing layers, the pressure in the flushing fluid 7 initially increases. If the pressure exceeds an upper threshold value, the flow restrictor 30 should prevent the supply of further hydraulic fluid and thus end the propulsion.
  • the upper threshold value can be set as a function of the maximum pressure which the feed pump 12 can build up. The upper threshold may be in the range of 60% to 90%, for example 80%. If the pressure of the flushing fluid 7 falls below a lower threshold value, a maximum flow rate should be ensured. For example, the lower threshold may be selected to be 20 to 30 percentage points lower than the upper threshold.
  • the flow restrictor 30 may be formed by a valve, for example a proportional valve, a switching valve, a flow valve.
  • the valve can be designed in many ways.
  • the valve can indirectly or directly limit the flow. at an indirect limit, an upper limit for a pressure at the output port of the valve is specified. The flow then determines as a function of the pressure gradient between an inlet port and the outlet port of the valve.
  • suitable valves are proportional valves, throttle valves. For an immediate limit, an upper flow limit is set.
  • suitable valves are flow control valves.
  • FIG Fig. 2 An example of a flow restrictor 30 is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • the hydraulic fluid flows from an inlet port 32 into a first chamber 31. From the first chamber 31, the hydraulic fluid can flow through an opening into a second chamber 34. The opening can be partially or completely blocked by a mandrel 35. As a result, a limitation of the flow is achieved. From the second chamber 34, the hydraulic fluid flows out via an outlet port 36.
  • the boundary of the passage i. the upper limit of the flow, is determined by the relative position of the mandrel 35 to the opening.
  • the mandrel 35 can be moved, for example, by a manually operable actuator 37, such as a set screw.
  • the operator can set in sequence by means of the adjusting element 37, the propulsion speed of the drill head.
  • the flow through the flow restrictor 30 is adjustable by a pressure sensitive actuator.
  • the pressure-sensitive actuating element is realized by a membrane 39.
  • the mandrel 35 is mounted on the inside 40 of the membrane 39.
  • the diaphragm 39 is pushed into the second chamber 34, whereby the mandrel 35 increasingly closes the opening.
  • the pump 27 is designed with a sufficient flow rate, so that the pump 27 is not a limitation for the flow.
  • the maximum possible pressure provided by the feed pump 27 may differ between different mines and also galleries. Therefore, it is advantageous to provide a means for adjusting the upper and lower threshold pressure in the fluid in which no propulsion or maximum propulsion is desired.
  • the optional manual control element 37 can counteract the pressure-actuated control element by means of a spring 45. As a result, the rate of change of the flow rate of an increase in pressure in the flushing fluid 7 can be adjusted.
  • the upper Threshold can be adjusted by another optional manual actuator 46 which positions a rest position of the mandrel 35 closer to the opening.
  • a suspension point of the diaphragm 39 can be varied.
  • An embodiment provides, the propulsion device 20 with the adjusting elements 37, 46 frictionally, i. mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, to couple.
  • the upper threshold is increasingly increased, the further the propulsion device 20 has advanced the drill head 2.
  • a coupling can for example be operated directly by the piston 24.
  • the flow restrictor 30 can be realized with a hysteresis ( Fig. 3 ).
  • a flow rate falls below a nominal value L1, at a first pressure p1 in the flushing fluid 7.
  • the nominal value L1 of the flow is only released again when a second pressure p2 occurs in the flushing fluid.
  • the second pressure p2 is less than the first pressure p1.
  • the hysteresis allows a quieter control behavior.
  • the flow restrictor 30 may also be realized as a simple valve that is either fully open or closed.
  • Fig. 4 shows an inventive embodiment of a drilling device 1.
  • a proportional valve 52 is arranged in the supply line 13 for the flushing fluid.
  • the proportional valve 52 is preferably arranged upstream of the coupling element 50.
  • a pressure-dependent actuator of the proportional valve 52 is coupled to the hydraulic fluid. The actuator responds to a force or pressure.
  • the coupling is preferably non-positively, ie mechanically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically.
  • a corresponding coupling device 51 which may be formed equal to the coupling device 50, is arranged downstream of the flow restrictor 30.
  • Proportional valve 52 increases a flow rate as the pressure applied to its control input increases. The increase can be done in stages, but preferably with four or more stages.
  • the proportional valve 52 may comprise adjusting elements which define threshold values at which the proportional valve 52 responds or completely blocks the flow.
  • the function of the proportional valve 52 is to save flushing fluid. From investigations it could be determined that with increasing propulsion speed of the drill head 2 a larger volume flow of flushing fluid is necessary to prevent clogging. The minimum volume flow depends approximately linearly on the propulsion speed.
  • the proportional valve 52 can be set up or adjusted so that the volume flow is automatically adjusted via the non-positive coupling to the propulsion speed.
  • a differently designed flow restrictor can be arranged.
  • the flow restrictor 52 in the conduit 13 of the flushing fluid differs from the flow restrictor 30 in the hydraulic conduit 25 by its opposite reaction to an increase in pressure at its pressure-dependent actuator.
  • the flow of flushing fluid is increased as the pressure at the corresponding actuator, i. increased in the hydraulic fluid.
  • the flow of hydraulic fluid is reduced as the pressure at the corresponding actuator, i. in the flushing fluid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Bohrvorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und ein Bohrverfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 9.The present invention relates to a drilling apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 and a drilling method according to the preamble of claim 9.

Eine gattungsgemässe Bohrvorrichtung ist ausgebildet mit einer Spülvorrichtung zum Spülen einer Bohrung mittels eines Fluids, einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Vortriebseinrichtung zum Vortreiben eines Bohrkopfs in der Bohrung, einem Durchflussbegrenzer, der in Hydraulikleitungen der Vortriebseinrichtung zum Einstellen der Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit angeordnet ist, wobei der Durchflussbegrenzer ein durch Druck betätigbares Stellelement zum Einstellen einer Durchflussbegrenzung aufweist und das Stellelement mit dem Fluid pneumatisch, hydraulisch und/oder mechanisch gekoppelt ist.A generic drilling apparatus is provided with a flushing device for flushing a bore by means of a fluid, a hydraulically powered propulsion device for propelling a drill bit in the bore, a flow restrictor disposed in hydraulic lines of the propulsion device for adjusting the propulsion rate, the flow restrictor being pressure actuatable Has adjusting element for adjusting a flow restriction and the actuator is pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled to the fluid.

Ein gattungsgemässes Bohrverfahren beinhaltet die Schritte: Vortreiben eines Bohrkopfes in eine Bohrung mittels einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Vortriebseinrichtung; Einstellen einer Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit der Vortriebseinrichtung mittels eines in deren Hydraulikleitungen angeordneten Durchflussbegrenzers; Spülen der Bohrung mit einem Fluid und Koppeln eines durch Druck betätigbaren Stellelements des Durchflussbegrenzers mit dem Fluid.A generic drilling method includes the steps of: propelling a drill bit into a bore by means of a hydraulically driven propulsion device; Setting a propelling speed of the propulsion device by means of a flow restrictor arranged in its hydraulic lines; Rinsing the bore with a fluid and coupling a pressure-actuatable actuator of the flow restrictor with the fluid.

Das Gestein in Bergwerken setzt sich aus vielfältigen Schichten zusammen. Neben den gewünschten Abbauprodukten, z.B. Kohle, Erz, durchziehen Lehmschichten die Gesteinsformationen.The rock in mines consists of various layers. Besides the desired degradation products, e.g. Coal, ore, clay layers traverse the rock formations.

Die Belastungen an eine Bohrvorrichtung variieren mit den Schichten. Bei einem rein manuellen Betrieb muss der Bohrmeister entsprechend eine Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit eines Bohrkopfes den Schichtenfolgen anpassen. Insbesondere in Lehmschichten ist ein langsamer Vortrieb gefordert, derart dass der zähflüssige Lehm aus der Bohrung ausgespült wird und sich nicht um den Bohrkopf festsetzt.The loads on a drilling device vary with the layers. In case of purely manual operation, the drill master has to adapt a propulsion speed of a drill head to the layer sequences. Especially in loam layers a slow advance is required, so that the viscous clay is flushed out of the hole and does not settle around the drill head.

In der Praxis hat ein Bohrmeister nur ungefähre Kenntnis von der Lage der einzelnen Schichten. Er sieht sich daher gezwungen mit einer geringen Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit zu arbeiten.In practice, a drill master has only approximate knowledge of the location of each layer. He is therefore forced to work with a low propulsion speed.

Aus US 6,637,522 B2 ist ein automatisiertes Bohrverfahren bekannt, das vor einer Überlastung schützen soll. Ein Bohrloch wird mit einer unter Druck stehenden Bohrflüssigkeit während des Bohrens gespült. Ein Signalgeber misst den Druck. Eine elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung regelt den Vortrieb eines Bohrkopfs in Abhängigkeit des gemessenen Drucks.Out US 6,637,522 B2 is an automated drilling known to protect against overloading. A wellbore is flushed with pressurized drilling fluid while drilling. A signal generator measures the pressure. An electrical control device controls the propulsion of a drill head in dependence on the measured pressure.

In Bergwerken und im Tagebau ergeben sich aufgrund der Feuchtigkeit und den mechanischen Belastungen hohe Anforderungen an Anschlüsse und Kontakte elektrischer Versorgungssysteme und Signalsysteme. Entsprechend wächst der Aufwand eine allgemein verfügbare elektrische Versorgung bereitzustellen.In mines and in open-pit mining, high demands are placed on the connections and contacts of electrical supply systems and signal systems due to moisture and mechanical stress. Accordingly, the effort is increasing to provide a generally available electrical supply.

Die DE 28 55 575 A1 betrifft eine hydraulische Gesteinsbohrmaschine, mit einem Vorschubmotor, dem ein Hydraulikkreis mit einer Versorgungsleitung zugeordnet ist, und mit einer einem Bohrwerkzeug der Bohrmaschine ein Spülmedium zuführenden Spülleitung, wobei in die Spülleitung eine Drossel eingeschaltet ist, und wobei mittels des Spülmediums ein Ventil schließbar ist, das zwischen der Versorgungsleitung des Vorschubmotors und einem Tank eingeschaltet ist.The DE 28 55 575 A1 relates to a hydraulic rock drilling machine, with a feed motor, which is assigned a hydraulic circuit with a supply line, and with a drilling tool of the drill a flushing medium supplying purge line, wherein in the purge line, a throttle is turned on, and wherein by means of the purge medium, a valve is closable, the between the supply line of the feed motor and a tank is turned on.

Die WO 92/20898 A1 betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Luftzufuhr zu einer Gesteinsbohrmaschine. Dabei wird die Luftzufuhr eines Kompressors so eingestellt, dass die Luftmenge, die vom Kompressor geliefert wird, klein ist, wenn der Schlagdruck des Schlagwerks der Bohrmaschine gross ist, und umgekehrt.The WO 92/20898 A1 relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the supply of air to a rock drilling machine. In this case, the air supply of a compressor is set so that the amount of air supplied by the compressor is small when the impact pressure of the impactor of the drill is large, and vice versa.

Eine Aufgabe besteht in der Bereitstellung eines automatisierten Bohrverfahrens und einer entsprechenden Bohrvorrichtung, die ohne Steuerungselektronik arbeitet.It is an object to provide an automated drilling method and a corresponding drilling apparatus that operates without control electronics.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Bohrvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und ein Bohrverfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a drilling apparatus having the features of claim 1 and a drilling method having the features of claim 9. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemässe Bohrvorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein weiterer Durchflussbegrenzer in einer Zuleitung des Fluids zum Spülen angeordnet ist und der weitere Durchflussbegrenzer ein durch Druck betätigbares Stellelement aufweist und das Stellelement kraftschlüssig mit einem Hydraulikfluid in der Hydraulikleitung gekoppelt ist.The drilling device according to the invention is characterized in that a further flow restrictor is arranged in a supply line of the fluid for rinsing and the further flow restrictor comprises a pressure-actuatable actuator and the actuator is non-positively coupled with a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line.

Das erfindungsgemässe Bohrverfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Volumenstrom von Fluid zum Spülen mittels eines kraftschlüssig betätigten Durchflussbegrenzers in Abhängigkeit eines Drucks einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit in der Hydraulikleitung geregelt wird.The drilling method according to the invention is characterized in that a volume flow of fluid for rinsing is regulated by means of a non-positively actuated flow restrictor as a function of a pressure of a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line.

Die erfindungsgemässe Bohrvorrichtung weist eine Spülvorrichtung zum Spülen einer Bohrung mit einem Spülfluid auf. Eine hydraulisch angetriebene Vortriebseinrichtung ist vorgesehen einen Bohrer in der Bohrung vorzutreiben. Ein Durchflussbegrenzer ist in Hydraulikleitungen der Vortriebseinrichtung angeordnet, um die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit einzustellen. Der Durchflussbegrenzer weist ein durch Druck betätigbaren Stellelement zum Einstellen einer Durchflussbegrenzung auf. Eine pneumatische, hydraulische und/oder mechanische Kopplung überträgt den Druck des Fluids auf das Stellelement.The drilling device according to the invention has a flushing device for flushing a bore with a flushing fluid. A hydraulically driven propulsion device is provided to propel a drill in the bore. A flow restrictor is disposed in hydraulic lines of the propulsion device to adjust the propulsion speed. The flow restrictor includes a pressure operable actuator for adjusting a flow restriction. A pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical coupling transmits the pressure of the fluid to the actuator.

Die Bohrvorrichtung kann die Vorschubsgeschwindigkeit in Abhängigkeit des Drucks des Fluids zum Spülen der Bohrung regeln. Der Druck des Fluids steigt an, wenn das Fluid das Bohrgut nicht mehr mit ausreichender Förderrate ausspülen kann und in Folge die Bohrung zu verstopfen beginnt. Dies kann beispielsweise beim Bohren in einer Lehmschicht auftreten. In diesem Fall begrenzt der Durchflussbegrenzer den Zustrom von Hydraulikflüssigkeit zu der Vortriebseinrichtung. Vorzugsweise nimmt die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit solange ab, bis die Rate mit der neues Bohrgut entsteht, die Förderrate des Fluids unterschreitet.The drilling device can control the feed rate in response to the pressure of the fluid to rinse the bore. The pressure of the fluid increases when the fluid can no longer flush out the cuttings at a sufficient rate and as a result the bore begins to clog. This can occur, for example, when drilling in a clay layer. In this case, the flow restrictor limits the flow of hydraulic fluid to the propulsion device. Preferably, the propulsion speed decreases until the rate with the new cuttings arises, the delivery rate of the fluid falls below.

Systembedingt kann ein Druckgradient zwischen einem Eingang und einem Ausgang des Durchflussbegrenzers entstehen. Wenn der Durchflussbegrenzer den Durchfluss sperrt, hält eine Hydraulikpumpe eingangsseitig den Druck aufrecht während ausgangsseitig der Druck durch Vortreiben der Vortriebseinrichtung abfällt. Daher kann der Durchflussbegrenzer auch als Druckminderer bezeichnet werden.Due to the system, a pressure gradient can occur between an input and an output of the flow limiter. When the flow restrictor blocks the flow, a hydraulic pump maintains the pressure on the input side while the pressure on the output side decreases as the propulsion device advances. Therefore, the flow restrictor may also be referred to as a pressure reducer.

Die Regelung ist vorzugsweise ohne zwischengeschaltete Steuerungs- oder Regelungselektronik sondern allein durch passive pneumatische, hydraulische und/oder mechanische Komponenten realisiert. Elektronische Komponenten bedürfen einer elektrischen Versorgung, welche im Bergbau oder Tagebau teilweise zusätzlich zu Verfügung gestellt werden muss. Ferner müsste ein hoher Aufwand betrieben werden, um elektrische Steckverbindungen und sonstige Kontakte gegen die feuchte korrodiere Umgebung und die auftretenden Vibrationen zu schützen.The control is preferably realized without intermediate control or regulating electronics but solely by passive pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical components. Electronic components require an electrical supply, which must be made available in addition in mining or open pit mining. Furthermore, a great deal of effort would have to be made to protect electrical connections and other contacts against the moist corrosive environment and the vibrations occurring.

Das erfindungsgemässe Bohrverfahren treibt einen Bohrer über eine hydraulisch angetriebene Vortriebseinrichtung in eine Bohrung. Eine Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit wird mittels eines in Hydraulikleitungen der Vortriebseinrichtung angeordneten Durchflussbegrenzers eingestellt. Während des Bohrens wird die Bohrung fortlaufend mit einem Spülfluid, z.B. Wasser, ausgespült. Hierdurch wird das Bohrgut aus der Bohrung entfernt. Zudem wird ein durch Druck betätigbarer Stellelement des Durchflussbegrenzers mit dem Fluid gekoppelt. Der Druck des Fluids wirkt kraftschlüssig auf den Stellelement und steuert hierdurch die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit.The drilling method according to the invention drives a drill into a bore via a hydraulically driven propulsion device. A propulsion speed is arranged by means of a hydraulic lines in the propulsion device Flow restrictor set. During drilling, the bore is flushed out continuously with a flushing fluid, eg water. As a result, the cuttings are removed from the bore. In addition, a pressure-actuatable actuator of the flow restrictor is coupled to the fluid. The pressure of the fluid acts positively on the actuator and thereby controls the propulsion speed.

In einer Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass der Durchflussbegrenzer ein Ventil aufweist, das eingerichtet ist, den Durchfluss zu unterbinden, wenn der Druck an dem Stellelement einen oberen Schwellwert überschreitet. Bei einem unteren Schwellwert sollte das Ventil vorzugsweise vollständig geöffnet sein. Im einfachsten Fall kann eine Regelung nur durch Schliessen und Öffnen des Ventils arbeiten. Verzögerungselemente, z.B. Hystereelemente, können das Regelverhalten verbessern, insbesondere Hystereseelemente, die ein Öffnen des Ventils verlangsamen.In one embodiment, it is provided that the flow restrictor has a valve which is designed to prevent the flow when the pressure at the actuator exceeds an upper threshold. At a lower threshold, the valve should preferably be fully open. In the simplest case, a control can only work by closing and opening the valve. Delay elements, e.g. Hysteresis elements can improve the control behavior, in particular hysteresis elements, which slow down the opening of the valve.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass das Ventil ein Proportionalventil zum Einstellen des Durchflusses von Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder eines Druck an seinem Auslass in proportionaler Abhängigkeit zu dem Druck an dem Stellelement ist. Das Ventil wird mit einem geringen Hub und gleichmässig während des Regelverhaltens getätigt. Eine mechanische Belastung des Ventils kann somit gering gehalten werden.An embodiment provides that the valve is a proportional valve for adjusting the flow of hydraulic fluid or a pressure at its outlet in a proportional function of the pressure at the actuator. The valve is made with a small stroke and even during the control behavior. A mechanical load on the valve can thus be kept low.

Ein manuell betätigbares, zweites Stellelement zum Beeinflussen der proportionalen Abhängigkeit kann vorgesehen sein. Ein drittes Stellelement zum Einstellen des oberen Schwellwerts oder des unteren Schwellwerts kann ebenfalls vorgesehen sein. Die Bohrvorrichtung und ihr Regelungsverhalten kann hierdurch an die lokalen Anforderungen angepasst werden.A manually operable, second actuator for influencing the proportional dependence may be provided. A third actuator for setting the upper threshold or the lower threshold may also be provided. The drilling device and its control behavior can thereby be adapted to the local requirements.

Das dritte Stellelement mit der Vortriebseinrichtung kann derart kraftschlüssig gekoppelt sein, dass der obere Schwellwert mit zunehmendem Vortrieb erhöht wird. Mit zunehmender Bohrtiefe steigt der notwendige Druck um die Bohrung auszuspülen. Daher kann es zweckmässig sein, die Kennlinie des Regelverhaltens automatisch an die Bohrtiefe anzupassen.The third control element with the propulsion device can be coupled in such a force-locking manner that the upper threshold value is increased with increasing propulsion. As drilling depth increases, the pressure required to flush out the hole increases. Therefore, it may be appropriate to automatically adjust the characteristic of the control behavior to the drilling depth.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Blockschaltbild einer Bohrvorrichtung, bei der nur ein Teil der Erfindungsmerkmale verwirklicht ist,
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch einen Durchflussbegrenzer,
  • Fig. 3 eine Hysteresekurve und
  • Fig. 4 eine erfindungsgemässe Ausgestaltung einer Bohrvorrichtung.
The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures show:
  • Fig. 1 Block diagram of a drilling device in which only a part of the invention features is realized,
  • Fig. 2 a cross section through a flow restrictor,
  • Fig. 3 a hysteresis curve and
  • Fig. 4 an inventive embodiment of a drilling device.

Fig. 1 zeigt als Blockschaltbild schematisch eine Ausführungsform einer Bohrvorrichtung 1. Ein Bohrkopf 2 ist auf einem Anker 3 befestigt. Der Anker 3 wird durch die Bohrvorrichtung 1 um seine Längsachse 4 gedreht. Der Bohrkopf 2 schneidet dabei eine Bohrung 5 in eine Gesteinsformation 5. Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a drilling apparatus 1 as a block diagram. A drill head 2 is mounted on an armature 3. The armature 3 is rotated by the drilling device 1 about its longitudinal axis 4. The drill head 2 cuts a hole 5 in a rock formation. 5

Das anfallende Bohrgut 6 wird mittels eines Spülfluids 7 aus der Bohrung 5 entfernt. Der Bohrkopf 2 weist Kanäle 8 auf, die eine Rückseite 9 des Bohrkopfs 2 mit seiner Vorderseite 10 verbinden. Das Spülfluid 7 kann über einen in einem hohlen Anker 3 längsverlaufenden Kanal 11 dem Bohrkopf 2 zugeführt werden. Die Bereitstellung des Spülfluids 7 erfolgt durch eine Förderpumpe 12 und eine Zuleitung 13, die mit dem hohlen Anker 3 verbunden ist. Das Bohrgut 6 wird seitlich an dem Bohrkopf 2 vorbei aus der Bohrung 5 mittels des Spülfluids 7 herausgepresst. In einer Variante dient Wasser oder eine andere Flüssigkeit als Spülfluid 7. Alternativ kann auch Pressluft verwendet werden. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung wird Luft nicht eingepresst sondern abgesaugt.The resulting cuttings 6 is removed by means of a flushing fluid 7 from the bore 5. The drill head 2 has channels 8 which connect a rear side 9 of the drill head 2 with its front side 10. The rinsing fluid 7 can be supplied to the drill head 2 via a channel 11 extending longitudinally in a hollow armature 3. The provision of the flushing fluid 7 is effected by a feed pump 12 and a feed line 13 which is connected to the hollow armature 3. The drill cuttings 6 are pressed out laterally past the drill head 2 from the bore 5 by means of the flushing fluid 7. In one variant, water or another liquid serves as flushing fluid 7. Alternatively, compressed air can also be used. In a further embodiment, air is not pressed in but sucked off.

Eine Vortriebseinrichtung 21 ist zum Aufnehmen und Vortreiben des Ankers 3 vorgesehen.A propulsion device 21 is provided for receiving and propelling the armature 3.

Die Vortriebseinrichtung 21 weist einen hydraulischen Antrieb 20 auf. In der beispielhaft dargestellten Ausführungsform beinhaltet der Antrieb ein oder mehrere hydraulische Zylinder 22. Ein Kolben 24 des Zylinders 22 wird durch Einpressen einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem Zylinder 22 herausbewegt. Geeignete Halterungen 23 verbinden den Anker 3 kraftschlüssig mit den Kolben 24, wodurch der Anker 3 entsprechend der Vorschubsgeschwindigkeit des Kolbens 24 in die Bohrung 5 vorgetrieben wird.The propulsion device 21 has a hydraulic drive 20. In the exemplified embodiment, the drive includes one or more hydraulic cylinders 22. A piston 24 of the cylinder 22 is moved out of the cylinder 22 by injecting a hydraulic fluid. Suitable brackets 23 connect the armature 3 non-positively with the piston 24, whereby the armature 3 is driven in accordance with the feed rate of the piston 24 in the bore 5.

Die Hydraulikflüssigkeit wird von einer Pumpe 27 gefördert, die über Hydraulikleitungen 25 und einen Durchflussbegrenzer 30 mit dem Zylinder 22 verbunden ist.The hydraulic fluid is conveyed by a pump 27, which is connected via hydraulic lines 25 and a flow restrictor 30 to the cylinder 22.

Der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 ist als Stellelement vorgesehen, um die Vorschubsgeschwindigkeit der Kolben 24 bzw. die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfes 2 auszuregeln. Der Volumenstrom von Hydraulikflüssigkeit zu dem hydraulischen Antrieb 20 wird durch den Durchflussbegrenzer 30 limitiert. Je geringer der Volumenstrom ist, umso geringer ist auch die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit. Bei dem beispielhaften Antrieb 20 mit Zylindern 22 ist die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit proportional zu dem Durchfluss.The flow restrictor 30 is provided as an adjusting element, in order to regulate the feed rate of the piston 24 and the advancing speed of the drill head 2. The volume flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic drive 20 is limited by the flow restrictor 30. The lower the volume flow, the lower the propulsion speed. In the exemplary actuator 20 having cylinders 22, the propulsion rate is proportional to the flow rate.

Der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 weist ein Stellelement auf, das unter Krafteinwirkung den Durchfluss begrenzt. Dieses druckbetätigbare Stellelement ist kraftschlüssig 39 mit dem Spülfluid gekoppelt. In einer einfachen Variante ist das Spülfluid unmittelbar mit dem druckbetätigbaren Stellelement in Kontakt. Ein Kopplungselement 50 kann durch ein T-Stück oder eine andere Verzweigung in der Leitung 13 des Spülfluids realisiert sein.The flow restrictor 30 has an actuating element which limits the flow under the action of force. This pressure-actuable actuator is non-positively coupled 39 with the flushing fluid. In a simple variant, the flushing fluid is in direct contact with the pressure-actuable actuating element. A coupling element 50 may be realized by a T-piece or other branch in the conduit 13 of the flushing fluid.

Alternativ können zusätzliche mechanische, pneumatische und/oder hydraulische Elemente zwischengeschaltet werden. Die zusätzlichen Elemente können einen mechanische Hebel, eine hydraulischen Presse, etc. aufweisen, so dass eine gewünschte Abhängigkeit der Kraftwirkung auf das Stellelement zu dem Druck des Spülfluids vorgegeben ist.Alternatively, additional mechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic elements can be interposed. The additional elements may have a mechanical lever, a hydraulic press, etc., so that a desired dependence of the force on the actuating element to the pressure of the flushing fluid is predetermined.

Ferner kann in dem Kopplungselement 50 ein Folgeventil enthalten sein. Das Folgeventil ist eingerichtet einen Druck von dem Kopplungselement 50 erst an das druckbetätigbare Stellelement weiterzuleiten, wenn der Druck einen Schwellwert übersteigt.Furthermore, a follower valve may be included in the coupling element 50. The follower valve is configured to only forward pressure from the coupling element 50 to the pressure-actuatable actuating element when the pressure exceeds a threshold value.

Die kraftschlüssige Kopplung 39 des Spülfluids 7 mit dem Durchflussbegrenzer 30 bewirkt, dass sich die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit mit zunehmendem Druck des Spülfluids 7 verringert. Verkleben beispielsweise die Öffnungen des Bohrkopfs 2 aufgrund beispielsweise lehmhaltiger Schichten, erhöht sich zunächst der Druck in dem Spülfluid 7. Überschreitet der Druck einen oberen Schwellwert soll der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 die Zuführung weiterer Hydraulikflüssigkeit unterbinden und damit den Vortrieb beenden. Der obere Schwellwert kann in Abhängigkeit des maximalen Drucks, den die Förderpumpe 12 aufbauen kann, festgelegt werden. Der obere Schwellwert kann im Bereich von 60 % bis 90 %, bspw. 80 % liegen. Unterschreitet der Druck des Spülfluids 7 einen unteren Schwellwert, soll ein maximaler Durchfluss gewährleistet sein. Der untere Schwellwert kann beispielsweise um 20 bis 30 Prozentpunkte geringer als der obere Schwellwert gewählt werden.The frictional coupling 39 of the flushing fluid 7 with the flow restrictor 30 causes the propelling speed decreases with increasing pressure of the flushing fluid 7. For example, if the openings of the drill head 2 stick together due to, for example, clay-containing layers, the pressure in the flushing fluid 7 initially increases. If the pressure exceeds an upper threshold value, the flow restrictor 30 should prevent the supply of further hydraulic fluid and thus end the propulsion. The upper threshold value can be set as a function of the maximum pressure which the feed pump 12 can build up. The upper threshold may be in the range of 60% to 90%, for example 80%. If the pressure of the flushing fluid 7 falls below a lower threshold value, a maximum flow rate should be ensured. For example, the lower threshold may be selected to be 20 to 30 percentage points lower than the upper threshold.

Der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 kann durch ein Ventil, bspw. ein Proportionalventil, ein Schaltventil, ein Durchflussventil, gebildet sein. Das Ventil kann in vielfältiger Weise ausgebildet sein. Das Ventil kann mittelbar oder unmittelbar den Durchfluss begrenzen. Bei einer mittelbaren Begrenzung wird ein oberer Grenzwert für einen Druck an dem Ausgangsanschluss des Ventils vorgegeben. Der Durchfluss bestimmt sich dann in Abhängigkeit des Druckgradienten zwischen einem Einlassanschluss und dem Auslassanschluss des Ventils. Beispiele für geeignete Ventile sind Proportionalventile, Drosselventile. Bei einer unmittelbaren Begrenzung wird ein oberer Grenzwert für den Durchfluss eingestellt. Beispiele geeigneter Ventile sind Stromregelventile.The flow restrictor 30 may be formed by a valve, for example a proportional valve, a switching valve, a flow valve. The valve can be designed in many ways. The valve can indirectly or directly limit the flow. at an indirect limit, an upper limit for a pressure at the output port of the valve is specified. The flow then determines as a function of the pressure gradient between an inlet port and the outlet port of the valve. Examples of suitable valves are proportional valves, throttle valves. For an immediate limit, an upper flow limit is set. Examples of suitable valves are flow control valves.

Ein Beispiel für einen Durchflussbegrenzer 30 ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Die Hydraulikflüssigkeit strömt von einem Einlassanschluss 32 in eine erste Kammer 31 ein. Von der ersten Kammer 31 kann die Hydraulikflüssigkeit über eine Öffnung in eine zweite Kammer 34 strömen. Die Öffnung kann teilweise oder vollständig durch einen Dorn 35 versperrt werden. Hierdurch wird eine Begrenzung des Durchflusses erreicht. Von der zweiten Kammer 34 strömt die Hydraulikflüssigkeit über einen Auslassanschluss 36 aus.An example of a flow restrictor 30 is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. The hydraulic fluid flows from an inlet port 32 into a first chamber 31. From the first chamber 31, the hydraulic fluid can flow through an opening into a second chamber 34. The opening can be partially or completely blocked by a mandrel 35. As a result, a limitation of the flow is achieved. From the second chamber 34, the hydraulic fluid flows out via an outlet port 36.

Die Begrenzung des Durchlasses, d.h. der obere Grenzwert des Durchflusses, wird durch die relative Lage des Dorns 35 zur Öffnung bestimmt. Der Dorn 35 kann beispielsweise durch ein manuell betätigbares Stellelement 37, wie eine Stellschraube, verschoben werden. Der Bediener kann in Folge mittels des Stellelements 37 die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfs einstellen.The boundary of the passage, i. the upper limit of the flow, is determined by the relative position of the mandrel 35 to the opening. The mandrel 35 can be moved, for example, by a manually operable actuator 37, such as a set screw. The operator can set in sequence by means of the adjusting element 37, the propulsion speed of the drill head.

Der Durchfluss durch den Durchflussbegrenzer 30 ist durch ein druckempfindliches Stellelement einstellbar. In dem Beispiel von Fig. 2 ist das druckempfindliche Stellelement durch eine Membran 39 realisiert. Der Dorn 35 ist auf der Innenseite 40 der Membran 39 angebracht. Auf eine Aussenseite 41 der Membran 39 wirkt der an das Stellelement angelegte Druck ein. Die Membran 39 wird in die zweite Kammer 34 gedrückt, wodurch der Dorn 35 die Öffnung zunehmend verschliesst.The flow through the flow restrictor 30 is adjustable by a pressure sensitive actuator. In the example of Fig. 2 the pressure-sensitive actuating element is realized by a membrane 39. The mandrel 35 is mounted on the inside 40 of the membrane 39. On an outer side 41 of the diaphragm 39, the pressure applied to the actuating element acts. The diaphragm 39 is pushed into the second chamber 34, whereby the mandrel 35 increasingly closes the opening.

Die Pumpe 27 ist mit einer ausreichenden Förderleistung ausgelegt, so dass die Pumpe 27 keine Begrenzung für den Durchfluss darstellt. Jedoch kann der maximal mögliche Druck der von der Förderpumpe 27 bereitgestellt wird, sich zwischen verschiedenen Bergwerken und auch Stollen unterscheiden. Daher ist es vorteilhaft eine Möglichkeit zum Einstellen des oberen und unteren Schwellwerts des Drucks in dem Fluid vorzusehen, bei welchen kein Vortrieb bzw. ein maximaler Vortrieb gewünscht ist.The pump 27 is designed with a sufficient flow rate, so that the pump 27 is not a limitation for the flow. However, the maximum possible pressure provided by the feed pump 27 may differ between different mines and also galleries. Therefore, it is advantageous to provide a means for adjusting the upper and lower threshold pressure in the fluid in which no propulsion or maximum propulsion is desired.

Beispielhaft kann das optionale manuelle Stellelement 37 dem druckbetätigten Stellelement durch eine Feder 45 entgegenwirken. Hierdurch kann die Änderungsrate des Durchflusses von einer Druckerhöhung in dem Spülfluid 7 eingestellt werden. Der obere Schwellwert kann durch ein weiteres optionales manuelles Stellelement 46 eingestellt werden, das eine Ruhelage des Dorns 35 näher an der Öffnung positioniert. Durch das weitere Stellelement 46 kann beispielsweise ein Aufhängungspunkt der Membran 39 variiert werden.By way of example, the optional manual control element 37 can counteract the pressure-actuated control element by means of a spring 45. As a result, the rate of change of the flow rate of an increase in pressure in the flushing fluid 7 can be adjusted. The upper Threshold can be adjusted by another optional manual actuator 46 which positions a rest position of the mandrel 35 closer to the opening. By the further control element 46, for example, a suspension point of the diaphragm 39 can be varied.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, die Vortriebseinrichtung 20 mit den Stellelementen 37, 46 kraftschlüssig, d.h. mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch, zu koppeln. Dabei wird der obere Schwellwert zunehmend erhöht, je weiter die Vortriebseinrichtung 20 den Bohrkopf 2 vorgetrieben hat. Eine Kopplung kann beispielsweise direkt durch den Kolben 24 betätigt werden.An embodiment provides, the propulsion device 20 with the adjusting elements 37, 46 frictionally, i. mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, to couple. In this case, the upper threshold is increasingly increased, the further the propulsion device 20 has advanced the drill head 2. A coupling can for example be operated directly by the piston 24.

Der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 kann mit einer Hysterese realisiert werden (Fig. 3). Ein Durchfluss unterschreitet einen nominellen Wert L1, bei einem ersten Druck p1 in dem Spülfluid 7. Der nominelle Wert L1 des Durchflusses wird erst wieder freigegeben, wenn sich ein zweiter Druck p2 in dem Spülfluid einstellt. Der zweite Druck p2 ist geringer als der erste Druck p1. Die Hysterese ermöglicht ein ruhigeres Regelverhalten.The flow restrictor 30 can be realized with a hysteresis ( Fig. 3 ). A flow rate falls below a nominal value L1, at a first pressure p1 in the flushing fluid 7. The nominal value L1 of the flow is only released again when a second pressure p2 occurs in the flushing fluid. The second pressure p2 is less than the first pressure p1. The hysteresis allows a quieter control behavior.

Der Durchflussbegrenzer 30 kann auch als einfaches Ventil realisiert sein, das entweder vollständig offen oder geschlossen ist.The flow restrictor 30 may also be realized as a simple valve that is either fully open or closed.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine erfindungsgemässe Ausgestaltung einer Bohrvorrichtung 1. In der Zuleitung 13 für das Spülfluid ist ein Proportionalventil 52 angeordnet. Das Proportionalventil 52 ist vorzugsweise stromaufwärts des Kopplungselements 50 angeordnet. Ein druckabhängiges Stellelement des Proportionalventils 52 ist mit dem Hydraulikfluid gekoppelt. Das Stellelement spricht auf eine Krafteinwirkung oder Druck an. Die Kopplung erfolgt vorzugsweise kraftschlüssig, d.h. mechanisch, hydraulisch und/oder pneumatisch. Eine entsprechende Kopplungseinrichtung 51, die gleich der Kopplungseinrichtung 50 ausgebildet sein kann, ist stromabwärts des Durchflussbegrenzers 30 angeordnet. Fig. 4 shows an inventive embodiment of a drilling device 1. In the supply line 13 for the flushing fluid, a proportional valve 52 is arranged. The proportional valve 52 is preferably arranged upstream of the coupling element 50. A pressure-dependent actuator of the proportional valve 52 is coupled to the hydraulic fluid. The actuator responds to a force or pressure. The coupling is preferably non-positively, ie mechanically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically. A corresponding coupling device 51, which may be formed equal to the coupling device 50, is arranged downstream of the flow restrictor 30.

Das Proportionalventil 52 erhöht eine Durchflussmenge, wenn der an seinem Steuereingang anliegend Druck sich erhöht. Die Erhöhung kann stufenweise, jedoch vorzugsweise mit vier oder mehr Stufen erfolgen. Das Proportionalventil 52 kann Stellelemente aufweisen, die Schwellwerte festlegen, ab denen das Proportionalventil 52 anspricht bzw. den Durchfluss vollständig sperrt.Proportional valve 52 increases a flow rate as the pressure applied to its control input increases. The increase can be done in stages, but preferably with four or more stages. The proportional valve 52 may comprise adjusting elements which define threshold values at which the proportional valve 52 responds or completely blocks the flow.

Die Funktion des Proportionalventils 52 ist Spülfluid einzusparen. Aus Untersuchungen konnte ermittelt werden, dass mit zunehmender Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfs 2 ein grösserer Volumenstrom von Spülfluid notwendig ist, um ein Clogging zu verhindern. Der minimale Volumenstrom hängt näherungsweise linear von der Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit ab. Das Proportionalventil 52 kann so eingerichtet oder eingestellt werden, dass der Volumenstrom automatisch über die kraftschlüssige Kopplung an die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit anpasst wird.The function of the proportional valve 52 is to save flushing fluid. From investigations it could be determined that with increasing propulsion speed of the drill head 2 a larger volume flow of flushing fluid is necessary to prevent clogging. The minimum volume flow depends approximately linearly on the propulsion speed. The proportional valve 52 can be set up or adjusted so that the volume flow is automatically adjusted via the non-positive coupling to the propulsion speed.

Anstelle eines Proportionalventils 52 kann auch ein anders ausgebildeter Durchflussbegrenzer angeordnet werden. Der Durchflussbegrenzer 52 in der Leitung 13 des Spülfluids unterscheidet sich von dem Durchflussbegrenzer 30 in der Hydraulikleitung 25 durch seine gegenläufige Reaktion auf eine Druckerhöhung an seinem druckabhängigen Stellelement. Der Durchfluss von Spülfluid wird erhöht, wenn sich der Druck am entsprechenden Stellelement, d.h. in der Hydraulikflüssigkeit erhöht. Der Durchfluss von Hydraulikflüssigkeit wird verringert, wenn sich der Druck an dem entsprechenden Stellelement, d.h. in dem Spülfluid, erhöht.Instead of a proportional valve 52, a differently designed flow restrictor can be arranged. The flow restrictor 52 in the conduit 13 of the flushing fluid differs from the flow restrictor 30 in the hydraulic conduit 25 by its opposite reaction to an increase in pressure at its pressure-dependent actuator. The flow of flushing fluid is increased as the pressure at the corresponding actuator, i. increased in the hydraulic fluid. The flow of hydraulic fluid is reduced as the pressure at the corresponding actuator, i. in the flushing fluid.

Claims (10)

  1. Drilling device with:
    a washing device (8, 11, 12) for washing a hole (5) by means of a fluid (7), a hydraulically driven advancing device (21) for advancing a drill head (2) into the hole (5),
    a flow limiter (30), which is arranged in the hydraulic lines (25) of the advancing device (21), for setting the speed of advance,
    in which the flow limiter (30) has a control element, which may be operated by pressure, for setting a flow limit and the control element is connected to the fluid (7) pneumatically, hydraulically and/or mechanically,
    characterised in that
    a further flow limiter (52) is arranged in a line of the fluid (7) for washing and the further flow limiter (52) has a control element, which may be operated by pressure, and the control element is connected to a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line (25) in a nonpositive way.
  2. Drilling device according to claim 1, in which the control element is connected to the fluid (7) through a power path.
  3. Drilling device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the flow limiter (30) has a valve, which is set up to stop the flow, if the pressure on the control element exceeds an upper threshold value.
  4. Drilling device according to claim 3, in which the valve is a proportional valve for setting the flow of hydraulic fluid or a pressure at its outlet proportionately depending on the pressure on the control element.
  5. Drilling device according to claim 4, in which a second control element (37), which may be operated manually, is provided to influence the proportional dependency.
  6. Drilling device according to claim 3 to 5, in which the flow limiter (30) has a third control element (46) for setting the upper threshold value or lower threshold value.
  7. Drilling device according to claim 6, in which the third control element (46) is connected to the advancing device (21) in a nonpositive way in such a way that the upper threshold value is increased with increasing advance.
  8. Drilling device according to claim 1 to 7, in which the further flow limiter (52) is set up to increase the flow with increasing pressure on its control element.
  9. Drilling method, particularly for drilling in a mine, with the steps:
    Advancing a drill head (2) into a hole (5) by means of a hydraulically operated advancing device (21);
    Setting a speed of advance for the advancing device (21) by means of a flow limiter (30) arranged in its hydraulic lines (25);
    Washing the hole (5) with a fluid (7) and
    Connecting a control element, which may be operated by pressure, of the flow limiter (30) with the fluid (7),
    characterised in that
    a volume flow of fluid for washing is regulated by means of a flow limiter (52), which is operated in a nonpositive way, depending on a pressure of a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic line (25).
  10. Drilling method according to claim 9, in which the control element, which may be operated by pressure, is connected pneumatically, hydraulically and/or mechanically.
EP09171656A 2008-10-15 2009-09-29 Drilling device and drilling method Not-in-force EP2186994B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015065452A1 (en) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydraulic control of borehole tool deployment
US10350608B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2019-07-16 Vermeer Manufacturing Company In-feed systems for chippers or grinders, and chippers and grinders having same
EP4219082A1 (en) 2017-07-31 2023-08-02 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Rotary power tool
WO2019036521A1 (en) 2017-08-15 2019-02-21 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Infeed systems for chippers or grinders, and chippers and grinders having same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2843361A (en) * 1954-11-22 1958-07-15 Goodman Mfg Co Drilling system
FR2250014A1 (en) * 1973-11-07 1975-05-30 Secoma
DE2742851C2 (en) * 1977-09-23 1985-04-18 Salzgitter Maschinen Und Anlagen Ag, 3320 Salzgitter Hydraulic drill
DE2855575C2 (en) * 1978-12-22 1985-11-21 Salzgitter Maschinen Und Anlagen Ag, 3320 Salzgitter Hydraulic drill
FI830402L (en) * 1983-02-04 1984-09-13 Tampella Oy Ab FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER STYRNING AV FUNKTIONEN AV EN BORRMASKINS MATNINGSMOTOR.
FI86008C (en) 1989-04-06 1992-06-25 Tampella Oy Ab Method and apparatus for controlling a rock drilling machine
FI87830C (en) * 1991-05-23 1993-02-25 Tamrock Oy OVER ANCHORING FOER STARRY AV EN BERGBORRMASKINS LUFTMATNING
FI962402A (en) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-11 Tamrock Oy Method and arrangement for controlling the operation of a rock drilling rig equipped with a diesel-hydraulic power source
US6637522B2 (en) 1998-11-24 2003-10-28 J. H. Fletcher & Co., Inc. Enhanced computer control of in-situ drilling system
FI112525B (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-12-15 Sandvik Tamrock Oy Arrangement for control of striking rock drilling

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AU2009222529B2 (en) 2012-04-12
US8146681B2 (en) 2012-04-03
ZA200907181B (en) 2010-07-28
DE102008042846A1 (en) 2010-06-02
EP2186994A3 (en) 2011-10-12
AU2009222529A1 (en) 2010-04-29
EP2186994A2 (en) 2010-05-19
US20100089644A1 (en) 2010-04-15

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