EP2184756B1 - Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine - Google Patents

Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2184756B1
EP2184756B1 EP09012130A EP09012130A EP2184756B1 EP 2184756 B1 EP2184756 B1 EP 2184756B1 EP 09012130 A EP09012130 A EP 09012130A EP 09012130 A EP09012130 A EP 09012130A EP 2184756 B1 EP2184756 B1 EP 2184756B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
actuation element
switch actuation
actuator
fail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09012130A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2184756A1 (en
Inventor
Erik BÄCHLE
Tobias KÖNIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Euchner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Euchner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200810050893 external-priority patent/DE102008050893A1/en
Priority claimed from DE102008057223A external-priority patent/DE102008057223A1/en
Application filed by Euchner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Euchner GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP10006387A priority Critical patent/EP2242074B1/en
Publication of EP2184756A1 publication Critical patent/EP2184756A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2184756B1 publication Critical patent/EP2184756B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
    • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
    • H01H27/007—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards the switch being lockable by remote control, e.g. by electromagnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of a protective device of a machine, in particular a safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, with a Zuhaltefunktion for the protective device.
  • a safety switch is known in the head of a switch, for example, on a protective door of a protective device defined actuator is inserted while a ratchet wheel rotates.
  • a GmbHst Congressei is held in contact with the peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel.
  • the switching plunger engages in a recess provided for this purpose on the peripheral surface of the switching wheel and thereby closes a contact pair. In this way, the inserted state of the actuator and thus the closed position of the protective door can be electrically signaled.
  • the Safety switch also provides a Zuhaltefunktion, ie that the actuator is locked in the switch head, in particular with regard to the leading out of the switch head can be locked, and thereby the protective device can be locked in the closed state.
  • this is the switching plunger spring-loaded or magnetic force loaded in the detent recess, and thus blocks a rotational movement of the cam. If, in the locked closed state, the protective device on the guard door is forcibly pulled with high force, the safety switch can be damaged and, as a result, a malfunction can no longer be guaranteed by the protective function of the safety switch.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic device, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a device is to be provided which ensures the safety function even when exposed to impermissibly high actuation forces.
  • the manufacture, installation and maintenance of the device should be simplified and thereby save time and money.
  • the excessive force on the operator may be exerted by the operator forcibly pulling the guard door to which the actuator is attached.
  • this may lead to the switch actuator is transferred to a position in which, although properly the no longer held and no longer closed state of the protective device is signaled, but the safety switch is damaged; in a subsequent closing of the protection then there is a risk that the damaged safety switch does not provide a hundred percent functional guarantee more, but that still closed and possibly also the locked state can be signaled.
  • the switch operating element is placed in a fail-safe position at an inadmissibly excessive force from which the switch actuator is no longer striglite alone due to a displacement of the actuator.
  • the device signals in this fail-safe position the non-locked and possibly also the non-closed state of the protective device, regardless of the position of the actuator and thereby prevents operation of the arranged within the protective device machine. Consequently, the device according to the invention ensures a safe (safe) operating state of the machine.
  • the switch actuator is locked in the fail-safe position and maintains this locked position regardless of the position of the actuator.
  • the switch actuating element can be positively and / or positively connected to a blocking element arranged in the switch housing.
  • a positive connection is achieved in that the switch actuating element or a portion thereof is displaced or deflected by the excessive force such that the switch actuating element comes into positive engagement with a preferably fixedly arranged in the switch housing blocking element and thereby the fail-safe position the switch operating element is blocked.
  • a frictional connection is achieved in that the switch actuating element can be brought by the excessive force in a clamping connection with the blocking element, which allows no further movement of the switch actuating element.
  • the switch actuating element may have a thickened portion, in particular a thickened and preferably mushroom-shaped end portion, with which the switch actuating element can be brought into clamping connection with the blocking element.
  • the blocking element is formed by a guide element for, for example, a linearly movable mounting of the switch actuating element in the switch housing.
  • the switch actuating element may be at least partially cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical.
  • a bearing sleeve or bearing bush can be arranged in the switch housing, which preferably has at least one slot at the end. Due to the excessive force on the actuator whose end which engages, for example, in the closed and locked state of the protective device in a recess of a curved path, be plastically deformable, in particular bendable. As a result of this bending, a section of the switch actuating element in the fail-safe position can be retractable into a slot in the bearing sleeve and fixed in a clamping manner there.
  • the switch actuating element has a predetermined breaking point at which a first portion of the switch actuating element can be separated by the excessive force on the actuator. This separation can in principle also take place when the device has no locking device. In one embodiment, however, the device has a locking device, and the separation of the first portion is carried out by canceling the locking function, in particular by a force exerted by the actuator on the device, for example, when the actuated is pulled. In this case, the switch actuating element can first deform, in particular plastically deform, and then be separated.
  • a second, remaining portion of the switch actuating element can be fixed in a clamping manner on the device as a result of the forces occurring during separation, in particular clampingly fixable to the blocking element.
  • the blocking element can be formed for example by a guide element, in particular by a guide sleeve.
  • a burr may form on the second section, for example, which can be brought into clamping engagement with the blocking element, in particular with the guide element.
  • the second portion of the switch operating member in the clamped state in the fail-safe position in which the device signals the non-locked state of the protective device.
  • the switch actuator is multi-piece and includes a first separable portion and a second remaining portion.
  • the predetermined breaking point is arranged by the transition from the first to the second section.
  • the second section may be screwed or clamped to the first section, in particular screwed and then glued.
  • the device comprises an electrical switch element having a positive opener contact, and in the fail-safe position of the switch actuating element is the positive opener contact open.
  • a control current for the machine arranged inside the protective device can be guided via the positive-opener contact, so that it is ensured that the operation of the machine is interrupted when the forced-opener contact is open.
  • Forcibly opener contacts are principally made up of the same elements as switches with normally open contacts. However, the switch contacts are opened in a positive opener contact by the external force and even if a arranged in the switch element spring breaks or when the contacts are welded. This so-called positive opening can be achieved by a positive, rigid connection between the switch plunger and the contact bridge.
  • ZwangsöffnerAuthe Preferably Zwangsöffnerminde have no elastic parts.
  • the device has a in the switch housing, in particular in a fixable on a switch housing switch head housing, rotatably mounted cam, which in turn forms a curved path on which the switch actuator is held in abutment.
  • the curved path has a contour deviating from the circular shape, so that the switch actuating element held in contact with the cam in the radial direction assumes different positions depending on the angle of rotation of the cam and accordingly different contacts can be switched.
  • the actuator in turn turns the cam.
  • the installation of the switch actuating element on the cam can be provided by a spring force and / or by a magnetic force. If the cam track of the cam has detent recesses, a tumbler can also be provided by the switch actuating element in that the contact force ensures that the Switch actuator engages in the recess and thereby blocks the rotation of the cam.
  • the locking device comprises an electromagnet which is arranged coaxially with the switch actuating element.
  • the switch actuating element Preferably, a coil of the electromagnet at least partially covers the switch actuating element, which in turn may be formed as an armature of the electromagnet.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an overall arrangement with a device 1 according to the invention for monitoring the state of a protective device 2 of a machine 3, in particular the closed state of a safety door, with a room divider is closed, for example, the operator from a threat from the machine in operation 3 to protect.
  • the device 2 has a first part 4, for example a frame for the protective device 2.
  • the first part 4 has an opening 5 which can be closed by a second part 6, for example by a protective door corresponding to the double arrow 10 with respect to the first Part 4 is movable and is movably supported by bearing elements 11.
  • the device 1 has a safety switch which comprises a preferably arranged on the fixed first part 4 of the protection device 2 switch element 7 and a preferably arranged on the movable second part 6 actuator 8.
  • the Fig. 2 to 5 show a device 1 according to the invention for monitoring the state of the protective device 2 of the machine 4 in four different states.
  • the device 1 has a switch base housing 22, in which the electrical switch element 7 of the device 1 is arranged, of which in the embodiment, only the positive contactor 18 is shown.
  • On the switch base housing 22 is a switch head housing 24 releasably fixed, in which a rotatably mounted about the rotation axis 20 cam 12 is arranged.
  • the switch head housing 24 has two mutually perpendicular insertion channels 26, 28 for in the Fig. 2 to 5 not shown actuator 8.
  • the switch actuator 14 is held with its axial end in radial contact with the cam 12.
  • the switch actuating element 14 is displaced during rotation of the cam 12 in its longitudinal direction.
  • the switch actuating element 14 is guided linearly movably in a guide element 30, which is arranged in the switch base housing 22 and is preferably at least partially hollow-cylindrical.
  • An energy accumulator 16 acts on the switch actuator 14 such that it is held in contact with the cam 12.
  • An energizable electromagnet 40 can cancel the contact force of the energy accumulator 16.
  • the Fig. 2 shows the device 1 in a state in which the protection device 2 is not closed and therefore the actuator 8 is not inserted into the peel head housing 24.
  • the shows Fig. 3 the state of the device 1, in which the protective device 2 is closed and thereby the (not dargestelite) actuator 8 is inserted into the switch head housing 24 and the cam 12, starting from the in Fig. 2 has shown rotated home position about 90 ° counterclockwise.
  • the latching groove 13 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cam plate 12 is rotated into a position opposite the shaft actuator actuating element 14. Due to the effect of the energy storage 16, the switch actuator 14 engages in the locking groove 13, thereby closing the positive contact 18.
  • the protective device 2 is held by the device 1 and arranged within the protective device 2 machine 4 can from one of Device 1 downstream control device are put into operation.
  • a lifting of the tumbler is effected by the electromagnet 40, which pulls the switch actuator 14 as an armature of the electromagnet 40 against the action of the energy accumulator 16 from the locking groove 13 during energization.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a state of the device 1, in which by excessive force on the second part 6 of the protective device 2, for example on the guard, by means of the actuator 8 and thus the cam 12 and a high force is exerted on the switch actuator 14 through which the axial end of the switch actuating element 14 initially possibly also elastic, but plastically deformed in the course.
  • the switch operating element 14 initially remains in its guarding the device 2 position and thereby keeps the positive contact 18 closed.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the guide member 30 having a formed by an inner sleeve portion 33 hollow cylindrical guide surface 31 for the switch actuator 14 in the center.
  • the guide element 30 in the region of the guide surface 31 a total of four, each offset by an angle of 90 ° to each other arranged slots 32, which are introduced into the inner sleeve portion 33.
  • Radially on the outside, the guide member 30 has a ring 34, wherein in the annular receiving space between the inner sleeve portion 33 and ring 34, a connection pin of the switch head housing 24 is inserted.
  • Guide member 30 has a sleeve-shaped portion 35 which has on the outside a grooving 36 or an external thread by means of which the guide member 30 is sealingly secured to the switch base housing 22.
  • the Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the guide element together with the switch actuating element 14, which has at its the switch head housing 24 end portion facing first a first portion 37 with a smaller outer diameter and then a second portion 38 again with a larger outer diameter.
  • the first portion 37 may serve to allow the plastic deformation to the extent that the second portion 38 in one of the slots 32 is clamped fixable without the switch actuator 14 breaks in this deformation
  • the Fig. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention in three different states.
  • the switch base housing is not shown, but can according to the switch base housing 22 of the first embodiment of Fig. 2 to 5 be designed. The same applies to the energy storage 16.
  • the Fig. 8 shows the device 1 in a state in which the protective device 2 is not closed and therefore the actuator 8 is not inserted into the switch head housing 24.
  • the shows Fig. 9 the state of the device 1, in which the protective device 2 is closed and thereby the actuator 8 is inserted into the switch head housing 24 and the cam 12, starting from in the Fig. 8 has shown rotated home position about 90 ° counterclockwise. Thereby, the locking groove 13 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam plate 12 is rotated in a position opposite to the switch operating member 114. Due to the effect of the force accumulator 16 (not shown) ( Fig.
  • the protective device 2 is locked by the device 1 and the machine 4 arranged inside the protective device 2 can be put into operation by a control device connected downstream of the device.
  • a lifting of the tumbler is effected by the electromagnet 40, which pulls out when energizing the switch operating element 114 as an armature of the electromagnet 40 against the action of the energy accumulator 16 from the locking groove 13.
  • the Fig. 10 shows a state of the device 1, in which by excessive force on the second part 6 of the protective device 2, for example on the guard, by means of the actuator 8 and thus the cam 12 and a high force is exerted on the switch actuator 114, through which a first Section 114a ( Fig. 11 ) is detachable from the switch operating element 114.
  • the separation takes place at a predetermined breaking point 142, which is formed by a transition of the first portion 114a to the second portion 114b on the outer peripheral surface of the switching wheel 12 facing the end portion of the switch actuating element 114.
  • This condition is also signaled by the opening of the positive opener contact 18, since it is ensured by the predetermined breaking point that the remaining portion 114b still has a sufficient length, so that when the system remaining portion 114 b on the cam 12 of the positive contact 18 remains open.
  • the Fig. 11 shows an enlarged view of the actuator facing the end of the switch actuating element 114.
  • the first portion 114a is an at least partially cylindrical body and in particular has two sections.
  • a first partial section facing the second section 114b has an external thread with which the first section 114a can be screwed into a corresponding threaded bore of the second section 114b.
  • the two sections 114a, 114b are subsequently glued together.
  • the second section 114b is in turn cylindrical in sections and in particular has a cylindrical outer surface 146, by means of which the switch actuating element 114 is guided axially movably in the guide element 130. Close to his first Section 114a facing the second portion 114b tapers like a pin, wherein the outer diameter in the tapered end portion with the outer diameter of the second portion of the first portion 114a coincides, so that the transition from the first portion 114a to the second portion 114b is flush.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

The condition monitoring device (1) has a switch actuating element (14) brought in a fail-safe-position by excessive force on an actuator against an effect of a locking mechanism. The switch actuating element is not transferred from the fail-safe-position to another position by the actuator. The condition monitoring device signals a held condition of a protection device in the fail-safe-position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Zustandes einer Schutzeinrichtung einer Maschine, insbesondere einen Sicherheitsschalter zum Überwachen des geschlossenen Zustandes einer Schutztür oder dergleichen, mit einer Zuhaltefunktion für die Schutzeinrichtung.The invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of a protective device of a machine, in particular a safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, with a Zuhaltefunktion for the protective device.

Aus der DE 43 28 297 C1 ist ein Sicherheitsschalter bekannt, in dessen Schalterkopf ein beispielsweise an einer Schutztür einer Schutzeinrichtung festgelegter Betätiger einführbar ist und dabei ein Schaltrad dreht. Innerhalb des Schaltergehäuses ist ein Schaltstößei in Anlage an der Umfangsfläche des Schaltrades gehalten. Bei einem Drehwinkel, welcher der geschlossenen Position der Schutztür entspricht, rastet der Schaltstößel in eine hierfür auf der Umfangsfläche des Schaltrades vorgesehene Rastvertiefung ein und schließt dadurch ein Kontaktpaar. Auf diese Weise ist der eingeführte Zustand des Betätigers und mithin die geschlossene Position der Schutztür elektrisch signalisierbar.From the DE 43 28 297 C1 a safety switch is known in the head of a switch, for example, on a protective door of a protective device defined actuator is inserted while a ratchet wheel rotates. Within the switch housing a Schaltstößei is held in contact with the peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel. At an angle of rotation which corresponds to the closed position of the protective door, the switching plunger engages in a recess provided for this purpose on the peripheral surface of the switching wheel and thereby closes a contact pair. In this way, the inserted state of the actuator and thus the closed position of the protective door can be electrically signaled.

Für viele Anwendungen, beispielsweise bei Schutzhauben an Werkzeugmaschinen oder dergleichen, ist es erforderlich, dass der Sicherheitsschalter außerdem eine Zuhaltefunktion bereitstellt, d. h. dass der Betätiger in dem Schalterkopf arretierbar ist, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Herausführens aus dem Schalterkopf arretierbar ist, und dadurch die Schutzeinrichtung in dem geschlossenen Zustand arretierbar ist. Bei dem bekannten Sicherheitsschalter wird hierzu der Schaltstößel federkraftbelastet oder magnetkraftbelastet in der Rastvertiefung gehalten, und somit eine Drehbewegung der Kurvenscheibe blockiert. Wird im arretierten geschlossenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung an der Schutztür gewaltsam mit hoher Kraft gezogen, kann es zu einer Beschädigung des Sicherheitsschalters und demzufolge zu einer Fehlfunktion kommen, durch welche die Schutzfunktion des Sicherheitsschalters nicht mehr gewährleistet ist.For many applications, such as protectors on machine tools or the like, it is necessary that the Safety switch also provides a Zuhaltefunktion, ie that the actuator is locked in the switch head, in particular with regard to the leading out of the switch head can be locked, and thereby the protective device can be locked in the closed state. In the known safety switch this is the switching plunger spring-loaded or magnetic force loaded in the detent recess, and thus blocks a rotational movement of the cam. If, in the locked closed state, the protective device on the guard door is forcibly pulled with high force, the safety switch can be damaged and, as a result, a malfunction can no longer be guaranteed by the protective function of the safety switch.

Aus der EP 1 274 107 A2 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Zustandes einer Schutzeinrichtung einer Maschine mit dem Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.From the EP 1 274 107 A2 a device for monitoring the state of a protective device of a machine having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, welche die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet. Insbesondere soll eine Vorrichtung bereitgestellt werden, die auch bei Einwirkung unzulässig hoher Betätigungskräfte die Sicherheitsfunktion gewährleistet. Die Herstellung, Montage und Wartung der Vorrichtung soll vereinfacht und dadurch zeit- und kostensparend sein.The invention has for its object to provide a generic device, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a device is to be provided which ensures the safety function even when exposed to impermissibly high actuation forces. The manufacture, installation and maintenance of the device should be simplified and thereby save time and money.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die im Anspruch 1 bestimmte Vorrichtung gelöst. Besondere Ausführungsarten der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen besti mmt.This object is achieved by the device defined in claim 1. Particular embodiments of the invention are besti mmt in the dependent claims.

Die überhöhte Kraft auf den Betätiger kann beispielsweise von der Bedienperson dadurch ausgeübt werden, dass gewaltsam an der Schutztür gezogen wird, an welcher der Betätiger angebracht ist. Bei den bekannten Sicherheitsschaltern kann dies dazu führen, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement in eine Position überführt wird, in der zwar ordnungsgemäß der nicht mehr zugehaltene und auch nicht mehr geschlossene Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung signalisiert wird, wobei aber der Sicherheitsschalter beschädigt wird; bei einem anschließenden Schließen der Schutzeinrichtung besteht dann die Gefahr, dass der beschädigte Sicherheitsschalter keine hundertprozentige Funktionsgarantie mehr bietet, dass aber nach wie vor der geschlossene und gegebenenfalls auch der zugehaltene Zustand signalisiert werden kann. Dies führt im Ergebnis dazu, dass für die dem Sicherheitsschalter nachgeordnete Steuereinrichtung nicht erkennbar ist, dass der Sicherheitsschalter durch das gewaltsame Betätigen beschädigt ist.For example, the excessive force on the operator may be exerted by the operator forcibly pulling the guard door to which the actuator is attached. In the known safety switches, this may lead to the switch actuator is transferred to a position in which, although properly the no longer held and no longer closed state of the protective device is signaled, but the safety switch is damaged; in a subsequent closing of the protection then there is a risk that the damaged safety switch does not provide a hundred percent functional guarantee more, but that still closed and possibly also the locked state can be signaled. As a result, it is not apparent to the control device downstream of the safety switch that the safety switch is damaged by the violent actuation.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird bei einer unzulässigüberhöhten Krafteinwirkung das Schalterbetätigungselement in eine Fail-Safe-Position gebracht, aus der heraus das Schalterbetätigungselement allein aufgrund eines Verschiebens des Betätigers nicht mehr herausführbar ist. Insbesondere signalisiert die Vorrichtung in dieser Fail-Safe-Position den nicht-zugehaltenen und gegebenenfalls auch den nicht geschlossenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung unabhängig von der Position des Betätigers und verhindert dadurch einen Betrieb der innerhalb der Schutzeinrichtung angeordneten Maschine. Mithin gewährleistet die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen sicheren (safe) Betriebszustand der Maschine.By the device according to the invention, the switch operating element is placed in a fail-safe position at an inadmissibly excessive force from which the switch actuator is no longer herausführbar alone due to a displacement of the actuator. In particular, the device signals in this fail-safe position the non-locked and possibly also the non-closed state of the protective device, regardless of the position of the actuator and thereby prevents operation of the arranged within the protective device machine. Consequently, the device according to the invention ensures a safe (safe) operating state of the machine.

In einer Ausführungsart ist das Schalterbetätigungselement in der Fail-Safe-Position blockiert und behält diese blockierte Position unabhängig von der Stellung des Betätigers bei. Hierzu kann das Schalterbetätigungselement mit einem in dem Schaltergehäuse angeordneten Blockierelement kraft und/oder formschlüssig verbunden sein. In einer Ausführungsart wird ein Formschluss dadurch erreicht, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement oder ein Abschnitt hiervon durch die überhöhte Kraft derart verschiebbar oder auslenkbar ist, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement in formschlüssigen Eingriff mit einem in dem Schaltergehäuse vorzugsweise ortsfest angeordneten Blockierelement kommt und dadurch die Fail-Safe-Position des Schalterbetätigungselements blockiert ist.In one embodiment, the switch actuator is locked in the fail-safe position and maintains this locked position regardless of the position of the actuator. For this purpose, the switch actuating element can be positively and / or positively connected to a blocking element arranged in the switch housing. In one embodiment, a positive connection is achieved in that the switch actuating element or a portion thereof is displaced or deflected by the excessive force such that the switch actuating element comes into positive engagement with a preferably fixedly arranged in the switch housing blocking element and thereby the fail-safe position the switch operating element is blocked.

In einer Ausführungsart wird ein Kraftschluss dadurch erreicht, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement durch die überhöhte Kraft in eine klemmende Verbindung mit dem Blockierelement bringbar ist, die keine weitere Bewegung des Schalterbetätigungselements zulässt. Hierzu kann das Schalterbetätigungselement einen verdickten Abschnitt aufweisen, insbesondere einen verdickten und vorzugsweise pilzkopfförmigen Endabschnitt, mit dem das Schalterbetätigungselement in klemmende Verbindung mit dem Blockierelement bringbar ist.In one embodiment, a frictional connection is achieved in that the switch actuating element can be brought by the excessive force in a clamping connection with the blocking element, which allows no further movement of the switch actuating element. For this purpose, the switch actuating element may have a thickened portion, in particular a thickened and preferably mushroom-shaped end portion, with which the switch actuating element can be brought into clamping connection with the blocking element.

In einer Ausführungsart ist das Blockierelement durch ein Führungselement für eine beispielsweise linear bewegliche Lagerung des Schalterbetätigungselements in dem Schaltergehäuse gebildet. Das Schalterbetätigungselement kann mindestens abschnittsweise zylindrisch, insbesondere kreiszylindrisch gebildet sein. Zur beweglichen Lagerung kann in dem Schaltergehäuse eine Lagerhülse oder Lagerbüchse angeordnet sein, die vorzugsweise endseitig mindestens einen Schlitz aufweist. Durch die überhöhte Kraft auf den Betätiger kann dessen Ende, das beispielsweise im geschlossenen und zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung in eine Rastausnehmung einer Kurvenbahn eingreift, plastisch verformbar sein, insbesondere verbiegbar. Durch dieses Verbiegen kann ein Abschnitt des Schalterbetätigungselements in der Fail-Safe-Position in einen Schlitz der Lagerhülse einfahrbar sein und dort klemmend festlegbar sein.In one embodiment, the blocking element is formed by a guide element for, for example, a linearly movable mounting of the switch actuating element in the switch housing. The switch actuating element may be at least partially cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical. For movable mounting, a bearing sleeve or bearing bush can be arranged in the switch housing, which preferably has at least one slot at the end. Due to the excessive force on the actuator whose end which engages, for example, in the closed and locked state of the protective device in a recess of a curved path, be plastically deformable, in particular bendable. As a result of this bending, a section of the switch actuating element in the fail-safe position can be retractable into a slot in the bearing sleeve and fixed in a clamping manner there.

In einer Ausführungsart weist das Schalterbetätigungselement eine Sollbruchstelle auf, an der durch die überhöhte Kraft auf den Betätiger ein erster Abschn itt des Schalterbetätigungselements abtrennbar ist. Dieses Abtrennen kann grundsätzlich auch erfolgen, wenn die Vorrichtung keine Zuhalteeinrichtung aufweist. In einer Ausführungsart weist die Vorrichtung allerdings eine Zuhalteeinrichtung auf, und das Abtrennen des ersten Abschnitts erfolgt unter Aufhebung der Zuhaltefunktion, insbesondere durch eine von dem Betätiger auf die Vorrichtung ausgeübte Kraft, beispielsweise wenn der Betätigter gezogen wird. Dabei kann sich das Schalterbetätigungselement zunächst verformen, insbesondere auch plastisch verformen, und anschließend abgetrennt werden.In one embodiment, the switch actuating element has a predetermined breaking point at which a first portion of the switch actuating element can be separated by the excessive force on the actuator. This separation can in principle also take place when the device has no locking device. In one embodiment, however, the device has a locking device, and the separation of the first portion is carried out by canceling the locking function, in particular by a force exerted by the actuator on the device, for example, when the actuated is pulled. In this case, the switch actuating element can first deform, in particular plastically deform, and then be separated.

In einer Ausführungsart ist ein zweiter, verbleibender Abschnitt des Schalterbetätigungselement infolge der beim Abtrennen auftretenden Kräfte klemmend an der Vorrichtung festlegbar, insbesondere an dem Blockierelement klemmend festlegbar. Das Blockierelement kann beispielsweise durch ein Führungselement gebildet sein, insbesondere durch eine Führungshülse. Durch das Abtrennen kann sich beispielsweise an dem zweiten Abschnitt ein Grat bilden, der in klemmende Anlage an das Blockierelement, insbesondere an das Führungselement, bringbar ist.In one embodiment, a second, remaining portion of the switch actuating element can be fixed in a clamping manner on the device as a result of the forces occurring during separation, in particular clampingly fixable to the blocking element. The blocking element can be formed for example by a guide element, in particular by a guide sleeve. As a result of the separation, a burr may form on the second section, for example, which can be brought into clamping engagement with the blocking element, in particular with the guide element.

In einer Ausführungsart ist durch die Position der Sollbruchstelle der zweite Abschnitt des Schalterbetätigungselements im klemmend festgelegten Zustand in der Fail-Safe-Position, in der die Vorrichtung den nicht-zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung signalisiert. Dadurch ist verhindert, dass durch ein erneutes Einführen des Betätigers die Vorrichtung den zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung signalisiert, obwohl das Schalterbetätlgungselement durch die überhöhte Kraft beschädigt wurde, insbesondere der erste Abschnitt abgetrennt wurde.In one embodiment, by the position of the predetermined breaking point, the second portion of the switch operating member in the clamped state in the fail-safe position, in which the device signals the non-locked state of the protective device. This prevents that by re-inserting the actuator, the device signals the locked state of the protective device, although the Schalterbetätlgungselement has been damaged by the excessive force, in particular the first section has been separated.

In einer Ausführungsart ist das Schalterbetätigungselement mehrteilig und weist einen ersten, abtrennbaren Abschnitt und zweiten, verbleibenden Abschnitt auf. Vorzugsweise ist die Sollbruchstelle durch den Übergang vom ersten zum zweiten Abschnitt angeordnet. Der zweite Abschnitt kann dabei mit dem ersten Abschnitt verschraubbar oder verklemmbar sein, insbesondere verschraubbar und anschließend verklebt sein.In one embodiment, the switch actuator is multi-piece and includes a first separable portion and a second remaining portion. Preferably, the predetermined breaking point is arranged by the transition from the first to the second section. The second section may be screwed or clamped to the first section, in particular screwed and then glued.

In einer Ausführungsart weist die Vorrichtung ein elektrisches Schalterelement mit einem Zwangsöffnerkontakt auf, und in der Fail-Safe-Position des Schalterbetätigungselements ist der Zwangsöffnerkontakt geöffnet. Über den Zwangsöffnerkontakt kann ein Steuerstrom für die innerhalb der Schutzeinrichtung angeordnete Maschine geführt sein, so dass gewährleistet ist, dass bei geöffnetem Zwangsöffnerkontakt der Betrieb der Maschine unterbrochen ist Zwangsöffnerkontakte sind prinzipiell aus den gleichen Elementen aufgebaut wie Schalter mit Schließerkontakten. Allerdings werden die Schaltkontakte bei einem Zwangsöffnerkontakt durch die äußere Kraft geöffnet und zwar auch dann, wenn eine in dem Schalterelement angeordnete Feder bricht oder wenn die Kontakte verschweißt sind. Diese sogenannte Zwangsöffnung kann durch eine formschlüssige, starre Verbindung zwischen dem Schaltstößel und der Kontaktbrücke erreicht werden. Vorzugsweise weisen Zwangsöffnerkontakte keine elastischen Teile auf.In one embodiment, the device comprises an electrical switch element having a positive opener contact, and in the fail-safe position of the switch actuating element is the positive opener contact open. A control current for the machine arranged inside the protective device can be guided via the positive-opener contact, so that it is ensured that the operation of the machine is interrupted when the forced-opener contact is open. Forcibly opener contacts are principally made up of the same elements as switches with normally open contacts. However, the switch contacts are opened in a positive opener contact by the external force and even if a arranged in the switch element spring breaks or when the contacts are welded. This so-called positive opening can be achieved by a positive, rigid connection between the switch plunger and the contact bridge. Preferably Zwangsöffnerkontakte have no elastic parts.

In einer Ausführungsart weist die Vorrichtung eine in dem Schaltergehäuse, insbesondere in einem an einem Schaltergrundgehäuse festlegbaren Schalterkopfgehäuse, drehbar gelagerte Kurvenscheibe auf, die ihrerseits eine Kurvenbahn bildet, an welcher das Schalterbetätigungselement in Anlage gehalten ist. Die Kurvenbahn weist eine von der Kreisform abweichende Kontur auf, so dass das in Radialrichtung an der Kurvenscheibe in Anlage gehaltene Schalterbetätigungselement unterschiedliche Positionen abhängig vom Drehwinkel der Kurvenscheibe einnimmt und dementsprechend unterschiedliche Kontakte geschaltet werden können. Der Betätiger dreht seinerseits die Kurvenscheibe. Die Anlage des Schalterbetätigungselements an der Kurvenscheibe kann durch eine Federkraft und/oder durch eine Magnetkraft bereitgestellt werden. Sofern die Kurvenbahn der Kurvenscheibe Rastvertiefungen aufweist, kann durch das Schalterbetätigungselement auch eine Zuhaltung bereitgestellt werden, indem die Anlagekraft dafür sorgt, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement in die Rastausnehmung einrastet und dadurch die Drehung der Kurvenscheibe blockiert.In one embodiment, the device has a in the switch housing, in particular in a fixable on a switch housing switch head housing, rotatably mounted cam, which in turn forms a curved path on which the switch actuator is held in abutment. The curved path has a contour deviating from the circular shape, so that the switch actuating element held in contact with the cam in the radial direction assumes different positions depending on the angle of rotation of the cam and accordingly different contacts can be switched. The actuator in turn turns the cam. The installation of the switch actuating element on the cam can be provided by a spring force and / or by a magnetic force. If the cam track of the cam has detent recesses, a tumbler can also be provided by the switch actuating element in that the contact force ensures that the Switch actuator engages in the recess and thereby blocks the rotation of the cam.

In einer Ausführungsart weist die Zuhalteeinrichtung einen Elektromagneten auf, der koaxial zu dem Schalterbetätigungselement angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist eine besonders platzsparende und vorzugsweise langgestreckte Bauform der Vorrichtung erreichbar. Vorzugsweise überdeckt eine Spule des Elektromagneten mindestens abschnittsweise das Schalterbetätigungselement, das seinerseits als Anker des Elektromagneten ausgebildet sein kann.In one embodiment, the locking device comprises an electromagnet which is arranged coaxially with the switch actuating element. As a result, a particularly space-saving and preferably elongated design of the device can be achieved. Preferably, a coil of the electromagnet at least partially covers the switch actuating element, which in turn may be formed as an armature of the electromagnet.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele im Einzelnen beschrieben sind. Dabei können die in den Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung erwähnten Merkmale jeweils einzeln für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination erfindungswesentlich sein.

Fig. 1
zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Gesamtanordnung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2 bis 5
zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in vier unterschiedlichen Zuständen,
Fig. 6
zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Führungselements,
Fig. 7
zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Führungselements zusammen mit dem Schalterbetätigungselement,
Fig. 8 bis 10
zeigen ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in drei unterschiedlichen Zuständen, und
Fig. 11
zeigt in vergrößerter Darstellung das dem Betätiger zugewandte Ende des Schalterbetätigungselements.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims and the following description in which several embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may each be essential to the invention individually or in any desired combination.
Fig. 1
shows a schematic plan view of an overall arrangement with a device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 to 5
show a device according to the invention in four different states,
Fig. 6
shows a perspective view of the guide element,
Fig. 7
shows a perspective view of the guide element together with the switch actuator,
Fig. 8 to 10
show a second embodiment of the device according to the invention in three different states, and
Fig. 11
shows an enlarged view of the actuator facing the end of the switch actuator.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Gesamtanordnung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 zum Überwachen des Zustandes einer Schutzeinrichtung 2 einer Maschine 3, insbesondere des geschlossenen Zustandes einer Schutztür, mit der eine Raumtrenneinrichtung verschließbar ist, um beispielsweise das Bedienpersonal vor einer Gefährdung durch die im Betrieb befindliche Maschine 3 zu schützen. Die Einrichtung 2 weist ein erstes Teil 4 auf, beispielsweise einen Rahmen für die Schutzeinrichtung 2. Das erste Teil 4 weist eine Öffnung 5 auf, die durch ein zweites Teil 6 schließbar ist, beispielsweise durch eine Schutztür, die entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 10 gegenüber dem ersten Teil 4 bewegbar ist und durch Lagerelemente 11 beweglich gelagert ist Die Vorrichtung 1 weist einen Sicherheitsschalter auf, der ein vorzugsweise am feststehenden ersten Teil 4 der Schutzeinrichtung 2 angeordnetes Schalterelement 7 und einen vorzugsweise am beweglichen zweiten Teil 6 angeordneten Betätiger 8 umfasst.The Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an overall arrangement with a device 1 according to the invention for monitoring the state of a protective device 2 of a machine 3, in particular the closed state of a safety door, with a room divider is closed, for example, the operator from a threat from the machine in operation 3 to protect. The device 2 has a first part 4, for example a frame for the protective device 2. The first part 4 has an opening 5 which can be closed by a second part 6, for example by a protective door corresponding to the double arrow 10 with respect to the first Part 4 is movable and is movably supported by bearing elements 11. The device 1 has a safety switch which comprises a preferably arranged on the fixed first part 4 of the protection device 2 switch element 7 and a preferably arranged on the movable second part 6 actuator 8.

Die Fig. 2 bis 5 zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zum Überwachen des Zustandes der Schutzeinrichtung 2 der Maschine 4 in vier unterschiedlichen Zuständen. Die Vorrichtung 1 weist ein Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 auf, in dem das elektrische Schalterelement 7 der Vorrichtung 1 angeordnet ist, von dem im Ausführungsbeispiel lediglich der Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18 dargestellt ist. An dem Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 ist ein Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 lösbar festlegbar, in dem eine um die Drehachse 20 drehbar gelagerte Kurvenscheibe 12 angeordnet ist. Das Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 weist zwei rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufende Einführkanäle 26, 28 für den in den Fig. 2 bis 5 nicht dargestellten Betätiger 8 auf. Das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 ist mit seinem axialen Ende in radialer Anlage an der Kurvenscheibe 12 gehalten. Aufgrund der von der Kreisform abweichenden Kurvenbahn 15 wird das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 beim Drehen der Kurvenscheibe 12 in seiner Längsrichtung verschoben. Hierzu ist das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 in einem in dem Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 angeordneten und vorzugsweise mindestens abschnittsweise hohlzylindrischen Führungselement 30 linear beweglich geführt. Ein Kraftspeicher 16 wirkt auf das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 derart, dass es in Anlage an der Kurvenscheibe 12 gehalten ist. Ein bestrombarer Elektromagnet 40 kann die Anlagekraft des Kraftspeichers 16 aufheben.The Fig. 2 to 5 show a device 1 according to the invention for monitoring the state of the protective device 2 of the machine 4 in four different states. The device 1 has a switch base housing 22, in which the electrical switch element 7 of the device 1 is arranged, of which in the embodiment, only the positive contactor 18 is shown. On the switch base housing 22 is a switch head housing 24 releasably fixed, in which a rotatably mounted about the rotation axis 20 cam 12 is arranged. The switch head housing 24 has two mutually perpendicular insertion channels 26, 28 for in the Fig. 2 to 5 not shown actuator 8. The switch actuator 14 is held with its axial end in radial contact with the cam 12. Due to the deviating from the circular cam track 15, the switch actuating element 14 is displaced during rotation of the cam 12 in its longitudinal direction. For this purpose, the switch actuating element 14 is guided linearly movably in a guide element 30, which is arranged in the switch base housing 22 and is preferably at least partially hollow-cylindrical. An energy accumulator 16 acts on the switch actuator 14 such that it is held in contact with the cam 12. An energizable electromagnet 40 can cancel the contact force of the energy accumulator 16.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt die Vorrichtung 1 in einem Zustand, in dem die Schutzeinrichtung 2 nicht geschlossen ist und daher der Betätiger 8 nicht in das Schälterkopfgehäuse 24 eingeführt ist. Demgegenüber zeigt die Fig. 3 den Zustand der Vorrichtung 1, in dem die Schutzeinrichtung 2 geschlossen ist und dadurch der (nicht dargestelite) Betätiger 8 in das Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 eingeführt ist und die Kurvenscheibe 12 ausgehend von der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausgangsposition um etwa 90° entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn gedreht hat. Dadurch wird die an der Außenumfangsfläche der Kurvenscheibe 12 angeordnete Rastnut 13 in eine dem Schafterbetätigungselement 14 gegenüberliegende Position gedreht. Aufgrund der Wirkung des Kraftspeichers 16 rastet das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 in die Rastnut 13 ein und schließt dabei den Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18. In diesem Zustand ist die Schutzeinrichtung 2 durch die Vorrichtung 1 zugehalten und die innerhalb der Schutzeinrichtung 2 angeordnete Maschine 4 kann von einer der Vorrichtung 1 nachgeschalteten Steuereinrichtung in Betrieb gesetzt werden. Eine Aufhebung der Zuhaltung erfolgt durch den Elektromagneten 40, der beim Bestromen das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 als Anker des Elektromagneten 40 gegen die Wirkung des Kraftspeichers 16 aus der Rastnut 13 herauszieht.The Fig. 2 shows the device 1 in a state in which the protection device 2 is not closed and therefore the actuator 8 is not inserted into the peel head housing 24. In contrast, the shows Fig. 3 the state of the device 1, in which the protective device 2 is closed and thereby the (not dargestelite) actuator 8 is inserted into the switch head housing 24 and the cam 12, starting from the in Fig. 2 has shown rotated home position about 90 ° counterclockwise. As a result, the latching groove 13 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cam plate 12 is rotated into a position opposite the shaft actuator actuating element 14. Due to the effect of the energy storage 16, the switch actuator 14 engages in the locking groove 13, thereby closing the positive contact 18. In this state, the protective device 2 is held by the device 1 and arranged within the protective device 2 machine 4 can from one of Device 1 downstream control device are put into operation. A lifting of the tumbler is effected by the electromagnet 40, which pulls the switch actuator 14 as an armature of the electromagnet 40 against the action of the energy accumulator 16 from the locking groove 13 during energization.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt einen Zustand der Vorrichtung 1, in dem durch überhöhte Krafteinwirkung auf das zweite Teil 6 der Schutzeinrichtung 2, beispielsweise auf die Schutztür, mittels des Betätigers 8 und damit der Kurvenscheibe 12 auch eine hohe Kraft auf das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 ausgeübt wird, durch welche sich das axiale Ende des Schalterbetätigungselements 14 anfänglich gegebenenfalls auch elastisch, im weiteren Verlauf aber plastisch verformt. In dem in der Fig. 4 dargestellten Zustand bleibt das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 zunächst noch in seiner die Schutzeinrichtung 2 zuhaltenden Stellung und hält dadurch den Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18 geschlossen.The Fig. 4 shows a state of the device 1, in which by excessive force on the second part 6 of the protective device 2, for example on the guard, by means of the actuator 8 and thus the cam 12 and a high force is exerted on the switch actuator 14 through which the axial end of the switch actuating element 14 initially possibly also elastic, but plastically deformed in the course. In the in the Fig. 4 shown state, the switch operating element 14 initially remains in its guarding the device 2 position and thereby keeps the positive contact 18 closed.

Kommt es zu einer weiteren Erhöhung der Kraft und damit einhergehend zu einem weiteren Verformen des axialen Endes des Schalterbetätigungselements 14, wird dieses plastisch verformt, wie in der Fig. 5 dargestellt Insbesondere kommt das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 dadurch außer Eingriff mit der Rastnut 13, woraufhin der Betätiger 8 gezogen werden kann und damit die Schutzeinrichtung 2 geöffnet werden kann. Dieser Zustand wird durch das Öffnen des Zwangsöffnerkontakts 18 auch zuverlässig signalisiert.If there is a further increase in the force and concomitantly to a further deformation of the axial end of the switch actuating element 14, this is plastically deformed, as in the Fig. 5 In particular, the switch actuating element 14 thereby comes out of engagement with the latching groove 13, whereupon the actuator 8 can be pulled and thus the protective device 2 can be opened. This condition is also reliably signaled by the opening of the positive opener contact 18.

Durch die Verformung des Schalterbetätigungselements 14 kommt dessen axial endseitiger Abschnitt in klemmenden Eingriff mit einem an der axialen Endseite des Führungselements 30 angeordneten Schlitz 32. Dadurch wird das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 in eine Fail-Safe-Position gebracht, aus der heraus das Schatterbetätigungselement 14 mittels des Betätigers 8 nicht mehr in eine Position überführbar ist, in welcher die Vorrichtung 1 den zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung 2 signalisiert. Auch wenn die Schutzeinrichtung 2 erneut geschlossen wird und dadurch der Betätiger 8 wieder in das Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 eintritt und dabei die Kurvenscheibe 12 derart dreht, dass die Rastnut 13 dem Schalterbetätigungselement 14 gegenüberliegt, ist durch den klemmenden Eingriff des Schalterbetätigungselements 14 in den Schlitz 32 verhindert, dass das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 nochmals den Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18 schließt, weil die vom Kraftspeicher 16 aufgebrachte Federkraft nicht ausreicht, um den klemmenden Eingriff des Schalterbetätigungselements 14 in den Schlitz 32 aufzuheben. Dies hat zur Folge, dass auch dann, wenn die Schutzeinrichtung 2 erneut geschlossen wird und die Kurvenscheibe 12 ordnungsgemäß dreht, die Vorrichtung 1 nach wie vor in der Fail-Safe-Position verharrt und den nicht-zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung 2 ordnungsgemäß signalisiert.As a result of the deformation of the switch actuating element 14, its axially end-side section comes into clamping engagement with a slot 32 arranged on the axial end side of the guide element 30 brought the switch actuator 14 in a fail-safe position from which the Schatterbetätigungselement 14 by means of the actuator 8 is no longer convertible into a position in which the device 1 signals the locked state of the protection device 2. Even if the protective device 2 is closed again and thereby the actuator 8 again enters the switch head housing 24 and thereby rotates the cam 12 such that the locking groove 13 is opposite the switch actuating element 14 is prevented by the clamping engagement of the switch actuating element 14 in the slot 32, the switch actuating element 14 once again closes the positive opener contact 18 because the spring force applied by the force accumulator 16 is insufficient to release the clamping engagement of the switch actuating element 14 into the slot 32. As a result, even when the protective device 2 is closed again and the cam 12 rotates properly, the device 1 still remains in the fail-safe position and properly signals the non-locked state of the protective device 2.

Die Figur 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Führungselements 30, das im Zentrum eine von einem inneren Hülsenabschnitt 33 ausgebildete hohlzylindrische Führungsfläche 31 für das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 aufweist. Endseitig weist das Führungselement 30 im Bereich der Führungsfläche 31 insgesamt vier, jeweils um einen Winkel von 90° zueinander versetzt angeordnete Schlitze 32 auf, die in den inneren Hülsenabschnitt 33 eingebracht sind. Radial außenseitig weist das Führungselement 30 einen Ring 34 auf, wobei in den ringförmigen Aufnahmeraum zwischen innerem Hülsenabschnitt 33 und Ring 34 ein Anschlusszapfen des Schalterkopfgehäuses 24 einsetzbar ist. An einem dem Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 zugewandten Abschnitt weist das Führungselement 30 einen hülsenförmigen Abschnitt 35 auf, der auf der Außenseite eine Rillung 36 oder auch ein Außengewinde aufweist, mittels dem das Führungselement 30 dichtend an dem Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 festlegbar ist.The FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the guide member 30 having a formed by an inner sleeve portion 33 hollow cylindrical guide surface 31 for the switch actuator 14 in the center. At the end, the guide element 30 in the region of the guide surface 31 a total of four, each offset by an angle of 90 ° to each other arranged slots 32, which are introduced into the inner sleeve portion 33. Radially on the outside, the guide member 30 has a ring 34, wherein in the annular receiving space between the inner sleeve portion 33 and ring 34, a connection pin of the switch head housing 24 is inserted. At one of the switch base housing 22 facing portion has Guide member 30 has a sleeve-shaped portion 35 which has on the outside a grooving 36 or an external thread by means of which the guide member 30 is sealingly secured to the switch base housing 22.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Führungselements zusammen mit dem Schalterbetätigungselement 14, das an seinem dem Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 zugewandten Endabschnitt zunächst einen ersten Abschnitts 37 mit geringerem Außendurchmesser und anschließend einen zweiten Abschnitt 38 mit wieder größerem Außendurchmesser aufweist. Der erste Abschnitt 37 kann dazu dienen, die plastische Verformung soweit zu ermöglichen, dass der zweite Abschnitt 38 in einem der Schlitze 32 klemmend festlegbar ist, ohne dass das Schalterbetätigungselement 14 bei dieser Verformung brichtThe Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the guide element together with the switch actuating element 14, which has at its the switch head housing 24 end portion facing first a first portion 37 with a smaller outer diameter and then a second portion 38 again with a larger outer diameter. The first portion 37 may serve to allow the plastic deformation to the extent that the second portion 38 in one of the slots 32 is clamped fixable without the switch actuator 14 breaks in this deformation

Die Fig. 8 bis 10 zeigen ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 in drei unterschiedlichen Zuständen. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit ist das Schaltergrundgehäuse nicht dargestellt, kann aber entsprechend dem Schaltergrundgehäuse 22 des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 2 bis 5 ausgestaltet sein. Entsprechendes gilt für den Kraftspeicher 16.The Fig. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention in three different states. For reasons of clarity, the switch base housing is not shown, but can according to the switch base housing 22 of the first embodiment of Fig. 2 to 5 be designed. The same applies to the energy storage 16.

Die Fig. 8 zeigt die Vorrichtung 1 in einem Zustand, in dem die Schutzeinrichtung 2 nicht geschlossen ist und daher der Betätiger 8 nicht in das Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 eingeführt ist. Demgegenüber zeigt die Fig. 9 den Zustand der Vorrichtung 1, in dem die Schutzeinrichtung 2 geschlossen ist und dadurch der Betätiger 8 in das Schalterkopfgehäuse 24 eingeführt ist und die Kurvenscheibe 12 ausgehend von der in der Fig. 8 dargestellten Ausgangsposition um etwa 90° entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn gedreht hat. Dadurch wird die an der Außenumfangsfläche der Kurvenscheibe 12 angeordnete Rastnut 13 in eine dem Schalterbetätigungselement 114 gegenüberliegende Position gedreht. Aufgrund der Wirkung des nicht dargestellten Kraftspeichers 16 (Fig. 2) rastet das Schalterbetätigungselement 114 in die Rastnut 13 ein und schließt dabei den Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18. In diesem Zustand ist die Schutzeinrichtung 2 durch die Vorrichtung 1 zugehalten und die innerhalb der Schutzeinrichtung 2 angeordnete Maschine 4 kann von einer der Vorrichtung nachgeschalteten Steuereinrichtung in Betrieb gesetzt werden. Eine Aufhebung der Zuhaltung erfolgt durch den Elektromagneten 40, der beim Bestromen des Schalterbetätigungselements 114 als Anker des Elektromagneten 40 gegen die Wirkung des Kraftspeichers 16 aus der Rastnut 13 herauszieht.The Fig. 8 shows the device 1 in a state in which the protective device 2 is not closed and therefore the actuator 8 is not inserted into the switch head housing 24. In contrast, the shows Fig. 9 the state of the device 1, in which the protective device 2 is closed and thereby the actuator 8 is inserted into the switch head housing 24 and the cam 12, starting from in the Fig. 8 has shown rotated home position about 90 ° counterclockwise. Thereby, the locking groove 13 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam plate 12 is rotated in a position opposite to the switch operating member 114. Due to the effect of the force accumulator 16 (not shown) ( Fig. 2 In this state, the protective device 2 is locked by the device 1 and the machine 4 arranged inside the protective device 2 can be put into operation by a control device connected downstream of the device. A lifting of the tumbler is effected by the electromagnet 40, which pulls out when energizing the switch operating element 114 as an armature of the electromagnet 40 against the action of the energy accumulator 16 from the locking groove 13.

Die Fig. 10 zeigt einen Zustand der Vorrichtung 1, in dem durch überhöhte Krafteinwirkung auf das zweite Teil 6 der Schutzeinrichtung 2, beispielsweise auf die Schutztür, mittels des Betätigers 8 und damit der Kurvenscheibe 12 auch eine hohe Kraft auf das Schalterbetätigungselement 114 ausgeübt wird, durch welche ein erster Abschnitt 114a (Fig. 11) von dem Schalterbetätigungselement 114 abtrennbar ist. Das Abtrennen erfolgt dabei an einer Sollbruchstelle 142, die durch einen Übergang des ersten Abschnitts 114a zum zweiten Abschnitt 114b auf der äußeren Umfangsfläche des dem Schaltrad 12 zugewandten Endabschnitts des Schalterbetätigungselements 114 gebildet ist. Durch das Abtrennen kommt das Schalterbetätigungselement 114 außer Eingriff mit der Rastnut 13, woraufhin der Betätiger 8 gezogen werden kann und damit die Schutzeinrichtung 2 geöffnet werden kann. Dieser Zustand wird durch das Öffnen des Zwangsöffnerkontakts 18 auch signalisiert, da durch die Sollbruchstelle gewährleistet ist, dass der verbleibende Abschnitt 114b noch eine ausreichende Länge aufweist, so dass bei Anlage des verbleibenden Abschnitts 114b an der Kurvenscheibe 12 der Zwangsöffnerkontakt 18 geöffnet bleibt.The Fig. 10 shows a state of the device 1, in which by excessive force on the second part 6 of the protective device 2, for example on the guard, by means of the actuator 8 and thus the cam 12 and a high force is exerted on the switch actuator 114, through which a first Section 114a ( Fig. 11 ) is detachable from the switch operating element 114. The separation takes place at a predetermined breaking point 142, which is formed by a transition of the first portion 114a to the second portion 114b on the outer peripheral surface of the switching wheel 12 facing the end portion of the switch actuating element 114. By disconnecting the switch actuator 114 comes out of engagement with the locking groove 13, whereupon the actuator 8 can be pulled and thus the protective device 2 can be opened. This condition is also signaled by the opening of the positive opener contact 18, since it is ensured by the predetermined breaking point that the remaining portion 114b still has a sufficient length, so that when the system remaining portion 114 b on the cam 12 of the positive contact 18 remains open.

Durch die beim Abtrennen des ersten Abschnitts 114a auftretenden Kräfte, die im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Längsachse des Schalterbetätigungselements 114 gerichtet sind und dadurch eine Kraft auf das Führungselement 130 ausüben, kommt es zu einer Verformung des verbleibenden Abschnitts 114b des Schalterbetätigungselements 114 und dadurch zu einer Verklemmung mit dem Führungselement 130 in der in der Fig. 10 dargestellten Position. Selbst wenn die Schutzeinrichtung 2 geschlossen wird und dadurch der Betätiger 8 die Kurvenscheibe 12 erneut in die in der Fig. 9 dargestellte Position dreht, bleibt das Schatterbetätigungsetement 114 in der in der Fig. 10 dargestellten Position und mithin signalisiert die Vorrichtung 1 den nicht-zugehaltenen Zustand der Schutzeinrichtung 2.As a result of the forces occurring during the separation of the first section 114a, which are directed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the switch actuating element 114 and thereby exert a force on the guide element 130, a deformation of the remaining section 114b of the switch actuating element 114 occurs and thereby jamming the guide member 130 in the in Fig. 10 position shown. Even if the protective device 2 is closed and thereby the actuator 8, the cam 12 again in the in the Fig. 9 rotates position shown, the Schatterbetätigungsementement 114 remains in the in the Fig. 10 shown position and therefore the device 1 signals the non-locked state of the protective device. 2

Die Fig. 11 zeigt in vergrößerter Darstellung das dem Betätiger zugewandte Ende des Schalterbetätigungselements 114. Der erste Abschnitt 114a ist ein mindestens abschnittsweise zylindrischer Körper und weist insbesondere zwei Teilabschnitte auf. Ein erster, dem zweiten Abschnitt 114b zugewandter Teilabschnitt weist ein Außengewinde auf, mit dem der erste Abschnitt 114a in eine zugehörige Gewindebohrung des zweiten Abschnitts 114b einschraubbar ist. In einer Ausführungsart sind die beiden Abschnitte 114a, 114b anschließend noch miteinander verklebt.The Fig. 11 shows an enlarged view of the actuator facing the end of the switch actuating element 114. The first portion 114a is an at least partially cylindrical body and in particular has two sections. A first partial section facing the second section 114b has an external thread with which the first section 114a can be screwed into a corresponding threaded bore of the second section 114b. In one embodiment, the two sections 114a, 114b are subsequently glued together.

Der zweite Abschnitt 114b ist seinerseits abschnittsweise zylindrisch ausgebildet und weist insbesondere eine zylindrische Außenfläche 146 auf, mittels welcher das Schalterbetätigungselement 114 in dem Führungselement 130 axial beweglich geführt ist. Nahe seinem dem ersten Abschnitt 114a zugewandten Ende ist der zweite Abschnitt 114b zapfenartig verjüngt, wobei der Außendurchmesser in dem verjüngten Endabschnitt mit dem Außendurchmesser des zweiten Teilabschnitts des ersten Abschnitts 114a übereinstimmt, so dass der Übergang vom ersten Abschnitt 114a zum zweiten Abschnitt 114b bündig ist.The second section 114b is in turn cylindrical in sections and in particular has a cylindrical outer surface 146, by means of which the switch actuating element 114 is guided axially movably in the guide element 130. Close to his first Section 114a facing the second portion 114b tapers like a pin, wherein the outer diameter in the tapered end portion with the outer diameter of the second portion of the first portion 114a coincides, so that the transition from the first portion 114a to the second portion 114b is flush.

Claims (14)

  1. Device (1) for monitoring the status of a protection device (2) of a machine (4), in particular a safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, the device (1) having a switch housing (22, 24) and an actuator (8) which, when the protection device (2) is in a closed state, co-operates with a switch actuation element (14) which is movably supported in the switch housing (22, 24), and the closed state of the protection device (2) thereby being able to be signalled, and the device (1) having a locking device by means of which the closed state of the protection device (2) can be releasably secured, and the switch actuation element (14) being able to be moved, by means of excessive force on the actuator (8) counter to the effect of the locking device, into a fail-safe position from which the switch actuation element (14) can no longer be moved by means of the actuator (8) into a position in which the device (1) signals the locked state of the protection device (2), and the device (1) in this fail-safe position of the switch actuation element signalling the non-locked state of the protection device (2), and the switch actuation element (14) in the fail-safe position being connected in a non-positive-locking and/or positive locking manner to a blocking element arranged in the switch housing (22, 24), characterised in that the blocking element is formed by a sleeve which has, at the end side, at least one slot (32) and in that the switch actuation element (14) in the fail-safe position is inserted into a slot (32) and is secured there in a clamping manner.
  2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that in the fail-safe position the switch actuation element (14) is blocked and retains this blocked position regardless of the position of the actuator (8).
  3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that, owing to the excessive force on the actuator (8), the switch actuation element (14) can be moved into clamping connection with the blocking element.
  4. Device (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the switch actuation element (14) has a thickened portion, in particular a thickened end portion, by means of which the switch actuation element (14) can be moved into clamping connection with the blocking element.
  5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blocking element is formed by a guiding element (30) for the movable support of the switch actuation element (14).
  6. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, owing to the excessive force on the actuator (8), the switch actuation element (14) can be plastically deformed.
  7. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the switch actuation element (14) has a desired breaking point, at which a first portion of the switch actuation element (14) can be separated owing to the excessive force on the actuator (8).
  8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that, as a consequence of the forces occurring during separation, a second portion of the switch actuation element (14) can be secured in a clamping manner, in particular secured in clamping manner to the blocking element.
  9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that, owing to the position of the desired breaking point, the second portion of the switch actuation element (14) in the state secured in a clamping manner is in the fail-safe position, in which the device (1) signals the non-locked state of the protection device (2).
  10. Device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the switch actuation element (14) is in several parts and in that the transition from a first separable portion to a second remaining portion forms a desired breaking point.
  11. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the device (1) has an electrical switching element with a positive opening contact (18), and in that, in the fail-safe position of the switch actuation element (14), the positive opening contact (18) is opened.
  12. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the device (1) has a curved disc (12) which is rotatably supported in the switch housing (22, 24), in particular in an upper switch housing (24) which can be secured to a lower switch housing (22), and against which the switch actuation element (14) is held in abutment.
  13. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking device has an electromagnet (40) and in that the electromagnet (40) is arranged coaxially relative to the switch actuation element (14).
  14. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the switch actuation element (14) at least partially forms an armature of an electromagnet (40) of the locking device.
EP09012130A 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine Not-in-force EP2184756B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10006387A EP2242074B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810050893 DE102008050893A1 (en) 2008-09-25 2008-09-25 Closed condition monitoring device i.e. safety switch, for protection door of machine, has actuating element transferred from fail-safe position, where device signalizes unhold condition of protection device in fail-safe position
DE102008057223A DE102008057223A1 (en) 2008-11-06 2008-11-06 Device for monitoring the state of a protective device of a machine

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10006387.4 Division-Into 2010-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2184756A1 EP2184756A1 (en) 2010-05-12
EP2184756B1 true EP2184756B1 (en) 2011-04-13

Family

ID=41397754

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09012130A Not-in-force EP2184756B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine
EP10006387A Not-in-force EP2242074B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10006387A Not-in-force EP2242074B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Device for monitoring the status of a protection device of a machine

Country Status (3)

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EP (2) EP2184756B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE519214T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502009000540D1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4328297C1 (en) 1993-08-23 1995-02-23 Euchner & Co Safety switch
US6720508B2 (en) * 2001-07-06 2004-04-13 Omron Corporation Door switches
JP4522291B2 (en) * 2005-03-08 2010-08-11 Ｉｄｅｃ株式会社 Safety switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2242074A1 (en) 2010-10-20
ATE519214T1 (en) 2011-08-15
EP2184756A1 (en) 2010-05-12
ATE505804T1 (en) 2011-04-15
EP2242074B1 (en) 2011-08-03
DE502009000540D1 (en) 2011-05-26

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