EP2146886B1 - Wheel sensor - Google Patents

Wheel sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2146886B1
EP2146886B1 EP08759473A EP08759473A EP2146886B1 EP 2146886 B1 EP2146886 B1 EP 2146886B1 EP 08759473 A EP08759473 A EP 08759473A EP 08759473 A EP08759473 A EP 08759473A EP 2146886 B1 EP2146886 B1 EP 2146886B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
sensor
transmitter
signal
wheel
channel
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EP08759473A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2146886A1 (en
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Rainer Freise
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/167—Circuit details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/163—Detection devices
    • B61L1/165—Electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a Gleisokomelde worn, with two inductively operating sensor channels having separated by a railway track transmitter and receiver, a processing unit for level evaluation of received signals of the affected by a wheel passage sensor channel and the other, uninfluenced sensor channel is provided Means for linking, in particular subtraction, the received signals of the uninfluenced and the affected sensor channel has.
  • Wheel sensors are used in the rail industry for the track vacancy, but also for other switching and reporting tasks. In this case, predominantly the magnetic field influencing effect of the iron wheels of rail vehicles is utilized.
  • Two-channel sensors are needed to detect the train's direction of travel. When driving over a vehicle wheel, the two sensor channels generate consecutively time-shifted signals which are used to detect the direction of travel.
  • the operating according to the inductive mode of action wheel sensors can be in addition to the one- or two-channel design in proximity switches that detect the reaction of the iron wheels on a magnetic field generating sensor, and railroad systems encompassing systems with separate transmitter and receiver.
  • the invention relates to a two-channel wheel sensor with separate transmitters and receivers.
  • One cause of the disturbances are rail currents, which are caused by the return current of a locomotive, wherein a harmonic content in the receiver can induce a disturbance signal in the form of beats.
  • This beating which is superimposed on the received voltage, is difficult to separate from the wheel influence to be detected, because here low-pass filters in principle fail.
  • Another cause of interference voltages can also be arranged adjacent other sensors or sensor channels, which are operated at the same operating frequency and lead by mutual influence of their transmitter to beats.
  • the DE 33 02 883 A1 discloses a circuit arrangement for generating Achsterrorismen, wherein by bandpass filtering a reduction of noise voltages is sought.
  • a two-channel wheel sensor is known in which the two transmitters are operated at the same frequency but with a 90 ° phase shift in order to reduce the mutual influence of the transmitters.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic wheel sensor having a simple design, increased interference immunity to interference voltages of different causes.
  • the object is achieved in that the two receivers each have a receiver resonant circuit whose output is fed via a synchronous rectifier, which is controlled by the transmitter of the other sensor channel, a low-pass filter and a signal amplifier of the processing unit.
  • the output signal of each receiver resonant circuit in each case to process a signal processing channel.
  • a sum signal is produced at the receiving end on the first or the second signal processing channel which contains the useful signal with a superimposed interference signal.
  • the other, uninfluenced signal processing channel is acted upon only by the interference signal, so that the useful signal can be determined by subtraction in the processing unit.
  • the demodulation of the received signal takes place in each signal processing channel by synchronous rectification, that is, the phase position of the transmitter acts on the synchronous rectifier for the phase-synchronous rectification of the received alternating signal.
  • Synchronization signals of both transmitters are fed virtually cross-over to the synchronous rectifier of the other channel.
  • the received signal is again decomposed into its transmitter-specific frequency components and rectified.
  • the following lowpass serves to suppress the beats that have developed on the transmitter side. After the low-pass filter is followed by a signal amplifier for level adjustment, the output signal of the processing unit, in particular a microprocessor, is evaluated.
  • each sensor channel is equipped with a transmitter-resonant circuit, wherein the two transmitter-resonant circuits have different operating frequencies. These operating frequencies differ in an order of magnitude in which the beats resulting from the coupling in of the respective other transmitter / oscillator circuit can be suppressed by a low-pass filter on the receiver side.
  • the operating frequencies may be 40 kHz and 45 kHz.
  • the output signal of each receiver resonant circuit is supplied to two signal processing channels with synchronous rectifier, low pass filter and signal amplifier, wherein a synchronous rectifier is driven by the transmitter of the one sensor channel and the other synchronous rectifier by the transmitter of the other sensor channel.
  • no signal processing channel must be used twice, that is, depending on the wheel crossing influenced state of the sensor channel either the sum signal or the noise processing.
  • the level evaluation in the processing unit is simplified, since a separate signal processing channel and thus a specific input for the processing unit are available for each input signal required, namely the sum signal and interference signal for the one sensor channel and the sum signal and interference signal for the other sensor channel. Ultimately, the safety of the wheel sensor function increases.
  • the figure shows a block diagram of a wheel sensor.
  • transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3 and receiver resonant circuits 4 and 5 are arranged, which are associated with two sensor channels A and B.
  • the two transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3 are tuned to different operating frequencies, for example 40 kHz and 45 kHz.
  • two time-shifted signals are generated, which are used for direction detection.
  • the received signals 8 and 9 are fed respectively into two signal processing channels 10a and 10b or 11a and 11b whose essential components are synchronous rectifiers 12a and 12b and 13a and 13b, low-pass filters 14a and 14b and 15a and 15b and signal amplifiers 16a and 16b and 17a and 17b, respectively.
  • the synchronous rectifiers 12a and 13a are driven by the transmitter oscillation circuit 2 of the first sensor channel A
  • the synchronous rectifiers 12b and 13b are driven by the transmitter oscillation circuit 3 of the second sensor channel B.
  • the phase position 18 or 19 serves for this activation, whereby the synchronous rectifiers 12a and 13a or 12b and 13b can perform a phase-synchronized rectification of the received signal 8 or 9 formed as an alternating signal.
  • the received signal 8 or 9 is divided into its transmitter-specific frequency components, namely on the signal processing channels 10a and 11a for the sensor channel A and on the signal processing channels 10b and 11b for the sensor channel B.
  • cross-demodulation is from a signal processing channel 10b and 11a of the associated sensor channels A and B demodulated that signal component, that is filtered out, on the operating frequency of the other sensor channel B or A from an external Source of interference in the receiver resonant circuit 4 or 5 was induced.
  • the signals on the two other signal processing channels 10a and 11b are obtained by the demodulation of the received signals 8 or 9 coupled in directly at the wheel crossing of the transmitter resonant circuit 2 or 3.
  • the signal processing channels 10a and 11b sum signals that contain the useful signal and the interference signal, and on the two other signal processing channels 10b and 11a, only the interfering signals.
  • the subsequent low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b of each of the four signal processing channels 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b the beats resulting from the coupling of the respective other transmitter resonant circuit 2 and 3 are suppressed.
  • This low-pass filtering is possible because of the different operating frequencies of the transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3.
  • the low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b is connected to inputs U_a and U_b as well as U_b_stör and U_a_stör of a microprocessor 20 via the signal amplifiers 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b serving for level matching.
  • the inputs U_a and U_b represent the two sum signals and U_b_stör and U_a_stör the two interference signals.
  • the microprocessor 20 combines the analog signals U_a and U_a_stör and U_b and U_b_stör with the possibilities of digital signal processing and generates an output signal 21 and 22, which is the difference U_a - U_a_stör and U_b - U_b_stör in the simplest case, and ultimately decides whether registered a bike crossing or not, or if an error message is issued.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a track clear detection unit, comprising two sensor channels (A, B) that work inductively and have a separate transmitter and receiver that are separated by a railway (1). The aim of the invention is to compensate interference voltages simply and effectively. To achieve this, a processing unit is provided to evaluate the level of received signals (8, 9) of the sensor channel (A or B) that is affected by the passing of a wheel and the other non-affected sensor channel (B or A). The processing unit has means for linking the received signals, (in particular by subtraction) (8, 9) of the non-affected and affected sensor channel (A, B).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Radsensor, insbesondere für eine Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung, mit zwei induktiv arbeitenden Sensorkanälen, die durch eine Eisenbahnschiene getrennte Sender und Empfänger aufweisen, eine Verarbeitungseinheit zur Pegelauswertung von Empfangssignalen des von einer Radüberfahrt beeinflussten Sensorkanals und des jeweils anderen, unbeeinflussten Sensorkanals vorgesehen ist, welche Mittel zur Verknüpfung, insbesondere Subtraktion, der Empfangssignale des unbeeinflussten und des beeinflussten Sensorkanals aufweist.The invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung, with two inductively operating sensor channels having separated by a railway track transmitter and receiver, a processing unit for level evaluation of received signals of the affected by a wheel passage sensor channel and the other, uninfluenced sensor channel is provided Means for linking, in particular subtraction, the received signals of the uninfluenced and the affected sensor channel has.

Radsensoren werden im Bahnwesen für die Gleisfreimeldung, aber auch für andere Schalt- und Meldeaufgaben eingesetzt. Dabei wird überwiegend die Magnetfeld beeinflussende Wirkung der Eisenräder der Schienenfahrzeuge ausgenutzt. Für die Fahrtrichtungserkennung des Zuges werden zweikanalige Sensoren benötigt. Beim Überfahren eines Fahrzeugrades erzeugen die beiden Sensorkanäle nacheinander zeitlich versetzte Signale, die zur Fahrtrichtungserkennung benutzt werden.Wheel sensors are used in the rail industry for the track vacancy, but also for other switching and reporting tasks. In this case, predominantly the magnetic field influencing effect of the iron wheels of rail vehicles is utilized. Two-channel sensors are needed to detect the train's direction of travel. When driving over a vehicle wheel, the two sensor channels generate consecutively time-shifted signals which are used to detect the direction of travel.

Die nach dem induktiven Wirkprinzip arbeitenden Radsensoren lassen sich neben der ein- oder zweikanaligen Bauweise auch in Näherungsschalter, die die Rückwirkung der Eisenräder auf einen ein Magnetfeld erzeugenden Sensor erfassen, und die Eisenbahnschienen umgreifende Systeme mit getrenntem Sender und Empfänger einteilen. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen zweikanaligen Radsensor mit getrennten Sendern und Empfängern.The operating according to the inductive mode of action wheel sensors can be in addition to the one- or two-channel design in proximity switches that detect the reaction of the iron wheels on a magnetic field generating sensor, and railroad systems encompassing systems with separate transmitter and receiver. The invention relates to a two-channel wheel sensor with separate transmitters and receivers.

Allen induktiv arbeitenden Sensoren ist dabei gemeinsam, dass sie störempfindlich sind gegenüber induktiv eingekoppelten Störspannungen im Bereich der Arbeitfrequenz.All inductively operating sensors have in common that they are susceptible to interference with inductively coupled interference voltages in the range of the working frequency.

Eine Ursache der Störungen sind Schienenströme, die durch den Rückleiterstrom einer Lokomotive entstehen, wobei ein Oberwellenanteil im Empfänger ein Störsignal in Form von Schwebungen induzieren kann. Diese Schwebung, die der Empfangsspannung überlagert ist, lässt sich nur schwer von der zu detektierenden Radbeeinflussung trennen, weil hier Tiefpassfilter prinzipbedingt versagen.One cause of the disturbances are rail currents, which are caused by the return current of a locomotive, wherein a harmonic content in the receiver can induce a disturbance signal in the form of beats. This beating, which is superimposed on the received voltage, is difficult to separate from the wheel influence to be detected, because here low-pass filters in principle fail.

Eine weitere Ursache von Störspannungen können auch benachbart angeordnete weitere Sensoren oder Sensorkanäle sein, die mit gleicher Arbeitsfrequenz betrieben werden und durch gegenseitige Beeinflussung ihrer Sender zu Schwebungen führen.Another cause of interference voltages can also be arranged adjacent other sensors or sensor channels, which are operated at the same operating frequency and lead by mutual influence of their transmitter to beats.

Neben einem Dauerstörpegel auf Arbeitsfrequenz können aber auch hohe Kommutierungsstromflanken von bis zu 1 kA/µs auftreten, die impulsartig stören. Störsignale dieser Art werden vor allem von vorbeifahrenden Zügen durch deren Leitungen und Transformatoren induziert.In addition to a Dauerstörpegel on working frequency but can also high Kommutierungsstromflanken of up to 1 kA / microseconds occur that disturb impulsively. Interference signals of this kind are mainly induced by passing trains through their lines and transformers.

Um die Störfestigkeit der Sensoren gegenüber diesen Störgrößen zu erhöhen, sind verschiedene sensorbauartspezifische Lösungsansätze bekannt.In order to increase the interference immunity of the sensors with respect to these disturbances, various sensor-type-specific approaches are known.

Für die Sensorbauart mit nur einer auf die Eisenmasse des Rades reagierenden Schwingkreisspule pro Kanal, das heißt für Näherungsschalter, kann eine weitgehende Kompensation der induzierten Störspannungen durch die Aufteilung der Schwingkreisspule in mindestens zwei Teilspulen mit gegensinniger Wicklung erreicht werden, wie in der DE 19 915 597 A1 und der DE 10 137 519 A1 beschrieben.For the sensor type with only one reacting to the iron mass of the wheel resonant circuit coil per channel, that is for proximity switches, can be largely compensated for the induced noise by dividing the resonant circuit coil in at least two sub-coils with gegensinniger Winding can be achieved, as in the DE 19 915 597 A1 and the DE 10 137 519 A1 described.

Bei Radsensoren mit getrennten Sender- und Empfänger-Schwingkreisen wird gemäß der DE 10 122 980 A1 vorgeschlagen, die Resonanzfrequenz des Empfänger-Schwingkreises gegenüber der Senderfrequenz zu verändern, um insbesondere den Störeinfluss einer Wirbelstrombremse zu unterdrücken.In wheel sensors with separate transmitter and receiver resonant circuits is in accordance with the DE 10 122 980 A1 proposed to change the resonant frequency of the receiver resonant circuit with respect to the transmitter frequency, in particular to suppress the interference of an eddy current brake.

Die DE 33 02 883 A1 offenbart eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen von Achszählimpulsen, wobei durch Bandpassfilterung eine Reduzierung von Störspannungen angestrebt wird.The DE 33 02 883 A1 discloses a circuit arrangement for generating Achszählimpulsen, wherein by bandpass filtering a reduction of noise voltages is sought.

Aus der DE 4 240 478 A1 ist ein zweikanaliger Radsensor bekannt, bei dem die beiden Sender mit gleicher Frequenz, aber mit 90° Phasenversatz betrieben werden, um die gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Sender zu reduzieren.From the DE 4 240 478 A1 a two-channel wheel sensor is known in which the two transmitters are operated at the same frequency but with a 90 ° phase shift in order to reduce the mutual influence of the transmitters.

Gemäß der EP 1 541 440 B1 wird eine Phasenmodulation eines elektromagnetischen Schwingkreises für Radsensoren vorgeschlagen.According to the EP 1 541 440 B1 a phase modulation of an electromagnetic resonant circuit for wheel sensors is proposed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Radsensor anzugeben, der bei einfachem Aufbau eine erhöhte Störsicherheit gegenüber Störspannungen verschiedener Ursachen aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a generic wheel sensor having a simple design, increased interference immunity to interference voltages of different causes.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die beiden Empfänger jeweils einen Empfänger-Schwingkreis aufweisen, dessen Ausgangssignal über einen Synchrongleichrichter, der von dem Sender des jeweils anderen Sensorkanals angesteuert ist, einen Tiefpassfilter und einen Signalverstärker der Verarbeitungseinheit zugeführt ist. Prinzipiell genügt es, das Ausgangssignal jedes Empfänger-Schwingkreises in jeweils einem Signalverarbeitungskanal weiterzuverarbeiten. Entsprechend der Radüberfahrt des ersten oder des zweiten Sensorkanals entsteht empfangsseitig auf dem ersten oder dem zweiten Signalverarbeitungskanal ein Summensignal, das das Nutzsignal mit überlagertem Störsignal enthält. Der andere, unbeeinflusste Signalverarbeitungskanal ist nur von dem Störsignal beaufschlagt, so dass das Nutzsignal durch Subtraktion in der Verarbeitungseinheit ermittelt werden kann.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the two receivers each have a receiver resonant circuit whose output is fed via a synchronous rectifier, which is controlled by the transmitter of the other sensor channel, a low-pass filter and a signal amplifier of the processing unit. In principle, it is sufficient, the output signal of each receiver resonant circuit in each case to process a signal processing channel. Corresponding to the wheel crossing of the first or the second sensor channel, a sum signal is produced at the receiving end on the first or the second signal processing channel which contains the useful signal with a superimposed interference signal. The other, uninfluenced signal processing channel is acted upon only by the interference signal, so that the useful signal can be determined by subtraction in the processing unit.

Die Demodulation des Empfangssignals erfolgt in jedem Signalverarbeitungskanal durch Synchrongleichrichtung, das heißt, die Phasenlage des Senders beaufschlagt den Synchrongleichrichter zur phasensynchronen Gleichrichtung des empfangenen Wechselsignals. Synchronisationssignale beider Sender werden quasi überkreuz dem Synchrongleichrichter des anderen Kanals zugeführt. Dadurch wird das Empfangssignal wieder in seine senderspezifischen Frequenzanteile zerlegt und gleichgerichtet. Der nachfolgende Tiefpass dient der Unterdrückung der senderseitig entstandenen Schwebungen. Nach dem Tiefpassfilter folgt ein Signalverstärker zur Pegelanpassung, dessen Ausgangssignal von der Verarbeitungseinheit, insbesondere einem Mikroprozessor, ausgewertet wird.The demodulation of the received signal takes place in each signal processing channel by synchronous rectification, that is, the phase position of the transmitter acts on the synchronous rectifier for the phase-synchronous rectification of the received alternating signal. Synchronization signals of both transmitters are fed virtually cross-over to the synchronous rectifier of the other channel. As a result, the received signal is again decomposed into its transmitter-specific frequency components and rectified. The following lowpass serves to suppress the beats that have developed on the transmitter side. After the low-pass filter is followed by a signal amplifier for level adjustment, the output signal of the processing unit, in particular a microprocessor, is evaluated.

Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist jeder Sensorkanal mit einem Sender-Schwingkreis ausgestattet, wobei die beiden Sender-Schwingkreise unterschiedliche Arbeitsfrequenzen aufweisen. Diese Arbeitsfrequenzen unterscheiden sich in einer Größenordnung, bei der die durch die Einkopplung des jeweils anderen Sender-Schwingkreises entstehenden Schwebungen empfangsseitig durch einen Tiefpassfilter unterdrückbar sind. Beispielsweise können die Arbeitsfrequenzen 40 kHz und 45 kHz betragen.According to claim 2, each sensor channel is equipped with a transmitter-resonant circuit, wherein the two transmitter-resonant circuits have different operating frequencies. These operating frequencies differ in an order of magnitude in which the beats resulting from the coupling in of the respective other transmitter / oscillator circuit can be suppressed by a low-pass filter on the receiver side. For example, the operating frequencies may be 40 kHz and 45 kHz.

Bei einer in Anspruch 3 gekennzeichneten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Ausgangssignal jedes Empfänger-Schwingkreises zwei Signalverarbeitungskanälen mit Synchrongleichrichter, Tiefpassfilter und Signalverstärker zugeführt, wobei ein Synchrongleichrichter von dem Sender des einen Sensorkanals und der andere Synchrongleichrichter von dem Sender des anderen Sensorkanals angesteuert ist. Auf diese Weise muss kein Signalverarbeitungskanal doppelt genutzt werden, das heißt, je nach Radüberfahrt-Beeinflussungszustand des Sensorkanals entweder das Summensignal oder das Störsignal verarbeiten. Die Pegelauswertung in der Verarbeitungseinheit vereinfacht sich, da für jedes benötigte Eingangssignal, nämlich Summensignal und Störsignal für den einen Sensorkanal sowie Summensignal und Störsignal für den anderen Sensorkanal, ein separater Signalverarbeitungskanal und damit ein spezifischer Eingang für die Verarbeitungseinheit zur Verfügung steht. Letztlich erhöht sich die Sicherheit der Radsensorfunktion.In a preferred embodiment characterized in claim 3, the output signal of each receiver resonant circuit is supplied to two signal processing channels with synchronous rectifier, low pass filter and signal amplifier, wherein a synchronous rectifier is driven by the transmitter of the one sensor channel and the other synchronous rectifier by the transmitter of the other sensor channel. In this way, no signal processing channel must be used twice, that is, depending on the wheel crossing influenced state of the sensor channel either the sum signal or the noise processing. The level evaluation in the processing unit is simplified, since a separate signal processing channel and thus a specific input for the processing unit are available for each input signal required, namely the sum signal and interference signal for the one sensor channel and the sum signal and interference signal for the other sensor channel. Ultimately, the safety of the wheel sensor function increases.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines figürlich dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a figuratively illustrated embodiment.

Die Figur zeigt ein Blockschaltbild eines Radsensors.The figure shows a block diagram of a wheel sensor.

Es ist ersichtlich, dass links und rechts einer Eisenbahnschiene 1 Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 und Empfänger-Schwingkreise 4 und 5 angeordnet sind, die zwei Sensorkanälen A und B zugeordnet sind. Die beiden Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 sind auf unterschiedliche Arbeitsfrequenzen, zum Beispiel 40 kHz und 45 kHz, abgestimmt. Bei einer Radüberfahrt verändert sich die induktive Kopplung 6 beziehungsweise 7 zwischen dem Sender-Schwingkreis 2 beziehungsweise 3 und dem Empfänger-Schwingkreis 4 beziehungsweise 5, wodurch am Ausgang des Empfänger-Schwingkreises 4 beziehungsweise 5 ein Empfangssignal 8 beziehungsweise 9 in Form einer sogenannten Abrollkurve oder Glockenkurve entsteht. Diese Abrollkurve wird zur Raderkennung benutzt. Durch das Überfahren beider Sensorkanäle A und B entstehen zwei zeitlich versetzte Signale, die zur Richtungserkennung genutzt werden. Die Empfangssignal 8 und 9 werden jeweils in zwei Signalverarbeitungskanäle 10a und 10b beziehungsweise 11a und 11b eingespeist, deren wesentliche Bestandteile Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 12b beziehungsweise 13a und 13b, Tiefpassfilter 14a und 14b beziehungsweise 15a und 15b und Signalverstärker 16a und 16b beziehungsweise 17a und 17b sind. Die Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 13a werden von dem Sender-Schwingkreis 2 des ersten Sensorkanals A angesteuert und die Synchrongleichrichter 12b und 13b werden von dem Sender-Schwingkreis 3 des zweiten Sensorkanals B angesteuert. Zu dieser Ansteuerung dient die Phasenlage 18 beziehungsweise 19, wodurch die Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 13a beziehungsweise 12b und 13b eine phasensynchrone Gleichrichtung des als Wechselsignal gebildeten Empfangssignals 8 beziehungsweise 9 ausführen können. Auf diese Weise wird das Empfangssignal 8 beziehungsweise 9 in seine senderspezifischen Frequenzanteile zerlegt, nämlich auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und 11a für den Sensorkanal A und auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10b und 11b für den Sensorkanal B. Durch Überkreuz-Demodulation wird aus einem Signalverarbeitungskanal 10b beziehungsweise 11a des zugehörigen Sensorkanals A beziehungsweise B jener Signalanteil demoduliert, das heißt herausgefiltert, der auf der Arbeitsfrequenz des jeweils anderen Sensorkanals B beziehungsweise A von einer externen Störquelle in den Empfänger-Schwingkreis 4 beziehungsweise 5 induziert wurde. Die Signale auf den beiden anderen Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und 11b ergeben sich durch die Demodulation der direkt bei Radüberfahrt des Sender-Schwingkreises 2 oder 3 eingekoppelten Empfangssignale 8 oder 9. Somit resultieren auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und 11b Summensignale, die das Nutzsignal und das Störsignal beinhalten, und auf den beiden anderen Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10b und 11a nur die Störsignale. Im nachfolgenden Tiefpassfilter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b jedes der vier Signalverarbeitungskanäle 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b werden die durch die Einkopplung des jeweils anderen Sender-Schwingkreises 2 beziehungsweise 3 entstandenen Schwebungen unterdrückt. Diese Tiefpassfilterung ist wegen der unterschiedlichen Arbeitsfrequenzen der Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 möglich. Der Tiefpass 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b ist über den Signalverstärker 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, der der Pegelanpassung dient, mit Eingängen U_a und U_b sowie U_b_stör und U_a_stör eines Mikroprozessors 20 verbunden. Die Eingänge U_a und U_b repräsentieren dabei die beiden Summensignale und U_b_stör und U_a_stör die beiden Störsignale. Der Mikroprozessor 20 verknüpft die Analogsignale U_a und U_a_stör sowie U_b und U_b_stör mit den Möglichkeiten der digitalen Signalverarbeitung und erzeugt ein Ausgangssignal 21 beziehungsweise 22, das im einfachsten Verknüpfungsfall die Differenz U_a - U_a_stör sowie U_b - U_b_stör ist, und entscheidet letztlich, ob eine Radüberfahrt registriert wird oder nicht oder ob eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben wird.It can be seen that left and right of a railway track 1 transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3 and receiver resonant circuits 4 and 5 are arranged, which are associated with two sensor channels A and B. The two transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3 are tuned to different operating frequencies, for example 40 kHz and 45 kHz. In a wheel crossing, the inductive coupling 6 or 7 between the transmitter resonant circuit 2 and 3 and the receiver resonant circuit 4 and 5, whereby at the output of the receiver resonant circuit 4 and 5, a received signal 8 or 9 in the form of a so-called rolling curve or bell curve arises. This rolling curve is used for wheel recognition. By driving over both sensor channels A and B, two time-shifted signals are generated, which are used for direction detection. The received signals 8 and 9 are fed respectively into two signal processing channels 10a and 10b or 11a and 11b whose essential components are synchronous rectifiers 12a and 12b and 13a and 13b, low-pass filters 14a and 14b and 15a and 15b and signal amplifiers 16a and 16b and 17a and 17b, respectively. The synchronous rectifiers 12a and 13a are driven by the transmitter oscillation circuit 2 of the first sensor channel A, and the synchronous rectifiers 12b and 13b are driven by the transmitter oscillation circuit 3 of the second sensor channel B. The phase position 18 or 19 serves for this activation, whereby the synchronous rectifiers 12a and 13a or 12b and 13b can perform a phase-synchronized rectification of the received signal 8 or 9 formed as an alternating signal. In this way, the received signal 8 or 9 is divided into its transmitter-specific frequency components, namely on the signal processing channels 10a and 11a for the sensor channel A and on the signal processing channels 10b and 11b for the sensor channel B. By cross-demodulation is from a signal processing channel 10b and 11a of the associated sensor channels A and B demodulated that signal component, that is filtered out, on the operating frequency of the other sensor channel B or A from an external Source of interference in the receiver resonant circuit 4 or 5 was induced. The signals on the two other signal processing channels 10a and 11b are obtained by the demodulation of the received signals 8 or 9 coupled in directly at the wheel crossing of the transmitter resonant circuit 2 or 3. Thus result on the signal processing channels 10a and 11b sum signals that contain the useful signal and the interference signal, and on the two other signal processing channels 10b and 11a, only the interfering signals. In the subsequent low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b of each of the four signal processing channels 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, the beats resulting from the coupling of the respective other transmitter resonant circuit 2 and 3 are suppressed. This low-pass filtering is possible because of the different operating frequencies of the transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3. The low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b is connected to inputs U_a and U_b as well as U_b_stör and U_a_stör of a microprocessor 20 via the signal amplifiers 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b serving for level matching. The inputs U_a and U_b represent the two sum signals and U_b_stör and U_a_stör the two interference signals. The microprocessor 20 combines the analog signals U_a and U_a_stör and U_b and U_b_stör with the possibilities of digital signal processing and generates an output signal 21 and 22, which is the difference U_a - U_a_stör and U_b - U_b_stör in the simplest case, and ultimately decides whether registered a bike crossing or not, or if an error message is issued.

Claims (3)

  1. Wheel sensor, in particular for a track-free signaling device, having two inductively operating sensor channels (A, B) which have transmitters and receivers separated by a railway rail (1), wherein
    a processing unit is provided for level evaluation of received signals (8, 9) in the sensor channel (A or B) which is influenced by a wheel moving over it and in the respective other, uninfluenced sensor channel (B or A) which has means for linking, in particular subtraction, of the received signals (8, 9) in the uninfluenced and in the influenced sensor channels (A, B),
    characterized in that the two receivers each have a receiver resonant circuit (4, 5) whose output signal is supplied via a synchronous rectifier (12b, 13a) which is controlled by the transmitter of the respective other sensor channel (A, B) to a low-pass filter (14b, 15a) and to a signal amplifier (16b, 17a) in the processing unit.
  2. Wheel sensor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sensor channels (A, B) have associated transmitter resonant circuits (2, 3) which have different operating frequencies.
  3. Wheel sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output signal from each receiver resonant circuit (4, 5) is supplied to two signal processing channels (10a, 10b, 11a, 11b) with synchronous rectifiers (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b), low-pass filters (14a, 14b, 15a, 15b) and signal amplifiers (16a, 16b, 17a, 17b), wherein one synchronous rectifier (12a, 13a) is controlled by the transmitter for one sensor channel (A), and the other synchronous rectifier (12b, 13b) is controlled by the transmitter for the other sensor channel (B).
EP08759473A 2007-05-15 2008-05-08 Wheel sensor Not-in-force EP2146886B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007023475A DE102007023475B4 (en) 2007-05-15 2007-05-15 wheel sensor
PCT/EP2008/055695 WO2008138858A1 (en) 2007-05-15 2008-05-08 Wheel sensor

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EP2146886A1 EP2146886A1 (en) 2010-01-27
EP2146886B1 true EP2146886B1 (en) 2011-01-26

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EP08759473A Not-in-force EP2146886B1 (en) 2007-05-15 2008-05-08 Wheel sensor

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AT (1) ATE496812T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102007023475B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2008138858A1 (en)

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DE102011081424A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-02-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft A method for detecting state changes in an arrangement and arrangement for detecting state changes
CN103552581B (en) * 2013-11-12 2016-01-13 哈尔滨理工大学 Wheel sensor
CN105329258B (en) * 2015-11-20 2017-03-15 重庆微标科技股份有限公司 It is applied to signal acquisition circuit, the apparatus and system of magnet steel on-line fault diagnosis
PL229703B1 (en) 2016-04-28 2018-08-31 Bombardier Transp Zwus Polska Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Integrated system of a sensor for detecting the presence of the rail vehicle wheel
DE102016211354A1 (en) 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Transmitter device, sensor device and method for detecting a magnetic field change
EP3916434B1 (en) * 2020-05-27 2024-04-03 Siemens Mobility GmbH Wheel detector and method for detecting a track-bound wheel
DE102021212809A1 (en) 2021-11-15 2023-05-17 Siemens Mobility GmbH Sensor device and method for detecting a change in magnetic field
DE102023103783B3 (en) 2023-02-16 2024-03-28 Scheidt & Bachmann Gmbh Axle counter system for monitoring a track section of a rail system

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DD246090A1 (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-05-27 Werk F Signal Und Sicherungste CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR GENERATING TORQUE-FREE, DIRECTIONAL SIGNALS IN AXLE EQUIPMENT
DD246089A1 (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-05-27 Werk F Signal Und Sicherungste CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING AXLE EQUIPMENT
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DE502008002480D1 (en) 2011-03-10
DE102007023475A1 (en) 2008-12-11
WO2008138858A1 (en) 2008-11-20
EP2146886A1 (en) 2010-01-27
ATE496812T1 (en) 2011-02-15
DE102007023475B4 (en) 2009-07-09

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