EP2146886A1 - Wheel sensor - Google Patents

Wheel sensor

Info

Publication number
EP2146886A1
EP2146886A1 EP08759473A EP08759473A EP2146886A1 EP 2146886 A1 EP2146886 A1 EP 2146886A1 EP 08759473 A EP08759473 A EP 08759473A EP 08759473 A EP08759473 A EP 08759473A EP 2146886 A1 EP2146886 A1 EP 2146886A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
signal
transmitter
channel
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08759473A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2146886B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Freise
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2146886A1 publication Critical patent/EP2146886A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2146886B1 publication Critical patent/EP2146886B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/167—Circuit details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/163—Detection devices
    • B61L1/165—Electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a Gleisokomeldeirriated, with two inductively operating sensor channels having separated by a railroad transmitter and receiver.
  • Wheel sensors are used in the rail industry for the track vacancy, but also for other switching and reporting tasks. In this case, predominantly the magnetic field influencing effect of the iron wheels of rail vehicles is utilized.
  • Two-channel sensors are needed to detect the train's direction of travel. When driving a vehicle wheel, the two sensor channels create sequentially offset in time ⁇ Sig nal, which are used for direction detection.
  • the operating according to the inductive mode of action wheel sensors can be in addition to the one- or two-channel design in proximity switches that detect the reaction of the iron wheels on a magnetic field generating sensor, and railroad systems encompassing systems with separate transmitter and receiver.
  • the invention relates to a two-channel wheel sensor with separate transmitters and receivers.
  • a cause of the disturbances are rail currents, which arise through the return current of a locomotive, whereby a harmonic content in the receiver generates a disturbance signal in the form of can induce exercise.
  • This beating which is superimposed on the received voltage, is difficult to separate from the wheel influence to be detected, because in this case low-pass filters fail as a matter of principle.
  • Another cause of interference voltages can also be arranged adjacent other sensors or sensor channels, which are operated at the same operating frequency and lead by mutual influence of their transmitter to beats.
  • Winding can be achieved, as described in DE 19 915 597 Al and DE 10 137 519 Al.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gattungsge ⁇ MAESSEN wheel sensor having a simple design, increased interference immunity to interference voltages of different causes.
  • Processing unit for level evaluation of received signals of the sensor influenced by a wheel passage sensor channel and the other, uninfluenced sensor channel is provided, wherein the processing unit comprises means for linking, in particular subtraction, the received signals of the uninfluenced and the affected sensor channel. Consequently, the two Sen ⁇ sorkanäle set next to a sum signal that includes a desired signal and an interfering signal, the interfering signal also available, which is used for large compensation of the induced interference by subtracting from the sum signal.
  • each sensor channel is equipped with a transmitter-resonant circuit, wherein the two transmitter-Schwing ⁇ circuits have different operating frequencies. These operating frequencies differ in an order of magnitude in which the beats resulting from the coupling in of the respective other transmitter oscillation circuit can be suppressed by a low-pass filter on the receiver side.
  • the operating frequencies may be 40 kHz and 45 kHz.
  • a wheel sensor for detecting a Radbeein kgung is characterized according to claim 3, characterized in that the two receivers each have a receiver resonant circuit, the Aus ⁇ output signal via a synchronous rectifier, which is controlled by the transmitter of the other sensor channel, a low-pass filter and a signal amplifier of the processing unit is supplied.
  • a sum signal, containing the wanted signal with superimposed interference signal is produced on the first or the second Sig ⁇ nal kauskanal.
  • the other, uninfluenced signal processing channel is acted upon only by the interference signal, so that the useful signal can be determined by subtraction in the processing unit.
  • the demodulation of the received signal is carried out in each signal ⁇ processing channel by synchronous rectification, that is, the phase of the transmitter acts on the synchronous rectifier ⁇ rectifier for phase-synchronous rectification of the received alternating signal. Synchronization signals of both transmitters are fed virtually cross-over to the synchronous rectifier of the other channel. As a result, the received signal is back in his transmitter-specific frequency components decomposed and rectified.
  • the following lowpass serves to suppress the beats that have developed on the transmitter side. After the low-pass filter is followed by a signal amplifier for level adjustment, the output signal of the processing unit, in particular a microprocessor, is evaluated.
  • each receiver Schwingkrei- ses two signal processing channels with synchronous rectifier, low pass filter and signal amplifier is supplied, wherein a synchronous rectifier of the transmitter of the one sensor channel and the other synchronous rectifier is driven by the transmitter of the other sensor channel.
  • no signal processing channel must be used twice, that is, depending on the wheel crossing influenced state of the sensor channel either the sum signal or the noise processing.
  • the level evaluation in the processing unit is simplified, since for each required input signal, namely the sum signal and interference signal for the one sensor channel and the sum ⁇ signal and interference signal for the other sensor channel, a sepa ⁇ rater signal processing channel and thus a specific input for the processing unit available stands. Ultimately, the safety of the wheel sensor function increases.
  • the figure shows a block diagram of a wheel sensor.
  • the received signals 8 and 9 are each fed into two signal processing channels 10a and 10b or IIa and IIb whose essential components are synchronous rectifiers 12a and 12b or 13a and 13b, low-pass filters 14a and 14b or 15a and 15b and signal amplifiers 16a and 16b or 17a and 17b are.
  • the synchronous rectifier 12a and 13a ⁇ the driven from the transmitter resonant circuit 2 of the first sensor channel A and the synchronous rectifier 12b and 13b are controlled by the station resonant circuit 3 of the second sensor channel B at ⁇ .
  • the phase position 18 be ⁇ tion 19, whereby the synchronous rectifier 12a and 13a or 12b and 13b can perform a phase-synchronous Gleich ⁇ direction of the receiving signal formed as an alternating signal 8 and 9 respectively.
  • the received signal is 8 or 9 decomposed into its sender's specifi ⁇ frequency components, namely on the signal processing channels 10a and IIa for the sensor channel A and the signal processing channels 10b and IIb for the sensor channel B.
  • the subsequent low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b of each of the four Signalverarbei ⁇ processing channels 10a, 10b, IIa, IIb by the Einkopp- development of the respective other transmitter resonant circuit can be suppressed 2 relationship ⁇ , 3 beats caused.
  • This low-pass filtering ⁇ is possible because of the different operating frequencies of the transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3.
  • FIG. The low-pass 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b is connected via the signal amplifier 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, which is used for level adjustment, with inputs U_A and U_b and U_b_stör U_a_stör and a microprocessor 20 verbun ⁇ .
  • the inputs U_a and U_b represent the two sum signals and U_b_stör and U_a_stör the two Störsig ⁇ signals.
  • the microprocessor 20 combines the analog signals U_a and U_a_stör and U_b and U_b_stör with the possibilities of digital signal processing and generates an output signal 21 and 22, which is the difference U_a - U_a_stör and U_b - U_b_stör in the simplest case, and ultimately decides whether registered a bike crossing or not, or if an error message is issued.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a track clear detection unit, comprising two sensor channels (A, B) that work inductively and have a separate transmitter and receiver that are separated by a railway (1). The aim of the invention is to compensate interference voltages simply and effectively. To achieve this, a processing unit is provided to evaluate the level of received signals (8, 9) of the sensor channel (A or B) that is affected by the passing of a wheel and the other non-affected sensor channel (B or A). The processing unit has means for linking the received signals, (in particular by subtraction) (8, 9) of the non-affected and affected sensor channel (A, B).

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Radsensorwheel sensor
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Radsensor, insbesondere für eine Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung, mit zwei induktiv arbeitenden Sensorkanälen, die durch eine Eisenbahnschiene getrennte Sender und Empfänger aufweisen.The invention relates to a wheel sensor, in particular for a Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung, with two inductively operating sensor channels having separated by a railroad transmitter and receiver.
Radsensoren werden im Bahnwesen für die Gleisfreimeldung, aber auch für andere Schalt- und Meldeaufgaben eingesetzt. Dabei wird überwiegend die Magnetfeld beeinflussende Wirkung der Eisenräder der Schienenfahrzeuge ausgenutzt. Für die Fahrtrichtungserkennung des Zuges werden zweikanalige Sensoren benötigt. Beim Überfahren eines Fahrzeugrades erzeugen die beiden Sensorkanäle nacheinander zeitlich versetzte Sig¬ nale, die zur Fahrtrichtungserkennung benutzt werden.Wheel sensors are used in the rail industry for the track vacancy, but also for other switching and reporting tasks. In this case, predominantly the magnetic field influencing effect of the iron wheels of rail vehicles is utilized. Two-channel sensors are needed to detect the train's direction of travel. When driving a vehicle wheel, the two sensor channels create sequentially offset in time ¬ Sig nal, which are used for direction detection.
Die nach dem induktiven Wirkprinzip arbeitenden Radsensoren lassen sich neben der ein- oder zweikanaligen Bauweise auch in Näherungsschalter, die die Rückwirkung der Eisenräder auf einen ein Magnetfeld erzeugenden Sensor erfassen, und die Eisenbahnschienen umgreifende Systeme mit getrenntem Sender und Empfänger einteilen. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen zweikanaligen Radsensor mit getrennten Sendern und Empfängern .The operating according to the inductive mode of action wheel sensors can be in addition to the one- or two-channel design in proximity switches that detect the reaction of the iron wheels on a magnetic field generating sensor, and railroad systems encompassing systems with separate transmitter and receiver. The invention relates to a two-channel wheel sensor with separate transmitters and receivers.
Allen induktiv arbeitenden Sensoren ist dabei gemeinsam, dass sie störempfindlich sind gegenüber induktiv eingekoppelten Störspannungen im Bereich der Arbeitfrequenz.All inductively operating sensors have in common that they are susceptible to interference with inductively coupled interference voltages in the range of the working frequency.
Eine Ursache der Störungen sind Schienenströme, die durch den Rückleiterstrom einer Lokomotive entstehen, wobei ein Oberwellenanteil im Empfänger ein Störsignal in Form von Schwe- bungen induzieren kann. Diese Schwebung, die der Empfangsspannung überlagert ist, lässt sich nur schwer von der zu de- tektierenden Radbeeinflussung trennen, weil hier Tiefpassfilter prinzipbedingt versagen.A cause of the disturbances are rail currents, which arise through the return current of a locomotive, whereby a harmonic content in the receiver generates a disturbance signal in the form of can induce exercise. This beating, which is superimposed on the received voltage, is difficult to separate from the wheel influence to be detected, because in this case low-pass filters fail as a matter of principle.
Eine weitere Ursache von Störspannungen können auch benachbart angeordnete weitere Sensoren oder Sensorkanäle sein, die mit gleicher Arbeitsfrequenz betrieben werden und durch gegenseitige Beeinflussung ihrer Sender zu Schwebungen führen.Another cause of interference voltages can also be arranged adjacent other sensors or sensor channels, which are operated at the same operating frequency and lead by mutual influence of their transmitter to beats.
Neben einem Dauerstörpegel auf Arbeitsfrequenz können aber auch hohe Kommutierungsstromflanken von bis zu 1 kA/μs auftreten, die impulsartig stören. Störsignale dieser Art werden vor allem von vorbeifahrenden Zügen durch deren Leitungen und Transformatoren induziert.In addition to a Dauerstörpegel on working frequency but can also high Kommutierungsstromflanken of up to 1 kA / microseconds occur that disturb impulsively. Interference signals of this kind are mainly induced by passing trains through their lines and transformers.
Um die Störfestigkeit der Sensoren gegenüber diesen Störgrößen zu erhöhen, sind verschiedene sensorbauartspezifische Lösungsansätze bekannt.In order to increase the interference immunity of the sensors with respect to these disturbances, various sensor-type-specific approaches are known.
Für die Sensorbauart mit nur einer auf die Eisenmasse des Ra¬ des reagierenden Schwingkreisspule pro Kanal, das heißt für Näherungsschalter, kann eine weitgehende Kompensation der induzierten Störspannungen durch die Aufteilung der Schwing- kreisspule in mindestens zwei Teilspulen mit gegensinnigerFor the sensor design with only one reactance to the iron mass of the Ra ¬ of the resonant circuit coil per channel, that is for proximity switches, a substantial compensation of the induced interference voltages by dividing the oscillating circle coil in at least two partial coils with opposite directions
Wicklung erreicht werden, wie in der DE 19 915 597 Al und der DE 10 137 519 Al beschrieben.Winding can be achieved, as described in DE 19 915 597 Al and DE 10 137 519 Al.
Bei gattungsgemäßen Radsensoren mit getrennten Sender- und Empfänger-Schwingkreisen wird gemäß der DE 10 122 980 Al vorgeschlagen, die Resonanzfrequenz des Empfänger-Schwingkreises gegenüber der Senderfrequenz zu verändern, um insbesondere den Störeinfluss einer Wirbelstrombremse zu unterdrücken. Aus der DE 4 240 478 Al ist ein zweikanaliger Radsensor bekannt, bei dem die beiden Sender mit gleicher Frequenz, aber mit 90° Phasenversatz betrieben werden, um die gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Sender zu reduzieren.In generic wheel sensors with separate transmitter and receiver resonant circuits is proposed according to DE 10 122 980 Al to change the resonant frequency of the receiver resonant circuit relative to the transmitter frequency, in particular to suppress the interference of an eddy current brake. From DE 4 240 478 A1, a two-channel wheel sensor is known in which the two transmitters are operated at the same frequency, but with a 90 ° phase shift, in order to reduce the mutual influence of the transmitters.
Gemäß der EP 1 541 440 Bl wird eine Phasenmodulation eines elektromagnetischen Schwingkreises für Radsensoren vorgeschlagen .According to EP 1 541 440 B1, a phase modulation of an electromagnetic resonant circuit for wheel sensors is proposed.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsge¬ mäßen Radsensor anzugeben, der bei einfachem Aufbau eine erhöhte Störsicherheit gegenüber Störspannungen verschiedener Ursachen aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a gattungsge ¬ MAESSEN wheel sensor having a simple design, increased interference immunity to interference voltages of different causes.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass eineAccording to the invention the object is achieved in that a
Verarbeitungseinheit zur Pegelauswertung von Empfangssignalen des von einer Radüberfahrt beeinflussten Sensorkanals und des jeweils anderen, unbeeinflussten Sensorkanals vorgesehen ist, wobei die Verarbeitungseinheit Mittel zur Verknüpfung, insbe- sondere Subtraktion, der Empfangssignale des unbeeinflussten und des beeinflussten Sensorkanals aufweist. Die beiden Sen¬ sorkanäle stellen folglich neben einem Summensignal, das ein Nutzsignal und ein Störsignal beinhaltet, auch das Störsignal zur Verfügung, welches zur Kompensation der induzierten Stör- großen durch Subtraktion vom Summensignal verwendet wird.Processing unit for level evaluation of received signals of the sensor influenced by a wheel passage sensor channel and the other, uninfluenced sensor channel is provided, wherein the processing unit comprises means for linking, in particular subtraction, the received signals of the uninfluenced and the affected sensor channel. Consequently, the two Sen ¬ sorkanäle set next to a sum signal that includes a desired signal and an interfering signal, the interfering signal also available, which is used for large compensation of the induced interference by subtracting from the sum signal.
Dazu dient die Verarbeitungseinheit, welche vorzugsweise als Mikroprozessor ausgebildet ist. Zu den auf diese Weise kom¬ pensierbaren Störeinflüssen gehören Schienenströme, deren Einkopplung in beide Sensorkanäle nahezu identisch ist, sowie Störgrößen anderer Quellen, beispielsweise infolge parallel zum Radsensor verlaufender Stromkabel oder benachbarter Sensoren. Aber auch Störungen, die nicht als Gleichtaktstörungen induziert werden, sind kompensierbar, da die Störsignalpegel jeglicher Herkunft quasi gemessen werden. Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist jeder Sensorkanal mit einem Sender- Schwingkreis ausgestattet, wobei die beiden Sender-Schwing¬ kreise unterschiedliche Arbeitsfrequenzen aufweisen. Diese Arbeitsfrequenzen unterscheiden sich in einer Größenordnung, bei der die durch die Einkopplung des jeweils anderen Sender- Schwingkreises entstehenden Schwebungen empfangsseitig durch einen Tiefpassfilter unterdrückbar sind. Beispielsweise können die Arbeitsfrequenzen 40 kHz und 45 kHz betragen.The purpose of the processing unit, which is preferably designed as a microprocessor. To the thus kom ¬ pensierbaren interference include rail currents whose coupling is almost identical in both sensor channels and interference from other sources, for example due to the wheel sensor parallel running power cables or adjacent sensors. But even disturbances that are not induced as common mode noise, can be compensated, since the noise levels of any origin are measured quasi. In accordance with claim 2, each sensor channel is equipped with a transmitter-resonant circuit, wherein the two transmitter-Schwing ¬ circuits have different operating frequencies. These operating frequencies differ in an order of magnitude in which the beats resulting from the coupling in of the respective other transmitter oscillation circuit can be suppressed by a low-pass filter on the receiver side. For example, the operating frequencies may be 40 kHz and 45 kHz.
Ein Radsensor zur Detektion einer Radbeeinflussung ist gemäß Anspruch 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Empfänger jeweils einen Empfänger-Schwingkreis aufweisen, dessen Aus¬ gangssignal über einen Synchrongleichrichter, der von dem Sender des jeweils anderen Sensorkanals angesteuert ist, einen Tiefpassfilter und einen Signalverstärker der Verarbeitungseinheit zugeführt ist. Prinzipiell genügt es, das Aus¬ gangssignal jedes Empfänger-Schwingkreises in jeweils einem Signalverarbeitungskanal weiterzuverarbeiten . Entsprechend der Radüberfahrt des ersten oder des zweiten Sensorkanals entsteht empfangsseitig auf dem ersten oder dem zweiten Sig¬ nalverarbeitungskanal ein Summensignal, das das Nutzsignal mit überlagertem Störsignal enthält. Der andere, unbeein- flusste Signalverarbeitungskanal ist nur von dem Störsignal beaufschlagt, so dass das Nutzsignal durch Subtraktion in der Verarbeitungseinheit ermittelt werden kann.A wheel sensor for detecting a Radbeeinflussung is characterized according to claim 3, characterized in that the two receivers each have a receiver resonant circuit, the Aus ¬ output signal via a synchronous rectifier, which is controlled by the transmitter of the other sensor channel, a low-pass filter and a signal amplifier of the processing unit is supplied. In principle, it is sufficient to further process the signal from each receiver ¬ gear-resonant circuit in each case one signal processing channel. According to the Radüberfahrt the first or the second sensor channel at the receiving end, a sum signal, containing the wanted signal with superimposed interference signal is produced on the first or the second Sig ¬ nalverarbeitungskanal. The other, uninfluenced signal processing channel is acted upon only by the interference signal, so that the useful signal can be determined by subtraction in the processing unit.
Die Demodulation des Empfangssignals erfolgt in jedem Signal¬ verarbeitungskanal durch Synchrongleichrichtung, das heißt, die Phasenlage des Senders beaufschlagt den Synchrongleich¬ richter zur phasensynchronen Gleichrichtung des empfangenen Wechselsignals. Synchronisationssignale beider Sender werden quasi überkreuz dem Synchrongleichrichter des anderen Kanals zugeführt. Dadurch wird das Empfangssignal wieder in seine senderspezifischen Frequenzanteile zerlegt und gleichgerichtet. Der nachfolgende Tiefpass dient der Unterdrückung der senderseitig entstandenen Schwebungen. Nach dem Tiefpassfilter folgt ein Signalverstärker zur Pegelanpassung, dessen Ausgangssignal von der Verarbeitungseinheit, insbesondere einem Mikroprozessor, ausgewertet wird.The demodulation of the received signal is carried out in each signal ¬ processing channel by synchronous rectification, that is, the phase of the transmitter acts on the synchronous rectifier ¬ rectifier for phase-synchronous rectification of the received alternating signal. Synchronization signals of both transmitters are fed virtually cross-over to the synchronous rectifier of the other channel. As a result, the received signal is back in his transmitter-specific frequency components decomposed and rectified. The following lowpass serves to suppress the beats that have developed on the transmitter side. After the low-pass filter is followed by a signal amplifier for level adjustment, the output signal of the processing unit, in particular a microprocessor, is evaluated.
Bei einer in Anspruch 4 gekennzeichneten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Ausgangssignal jedes Empfänger-Schwingkrei- ses zwei Signalverarbeitungskanälen mit Synchrongleichrichter, Tiefpassfilter und Signalverstärker zugeführt, wobei ein Synchrongleichrichter von dem Sender des einen Sensorkanals und der andere Synchrongleichrichter von dem Sender des anderen Sensorkanals angesteuert ist. Auf diese Weise muss kein Signalverarbeitungskanal doppelt genutzt werden, das heißt, je nach Radüberfahrt-Beeinflussungszustand des Sensorkanals entweder das Summensignal oder das Störsignal verarbeiten. Die Pegelauswertung in der Verarbeitungseinheit vereinfacht sich, da für jedes benötigte Eingangssignal, nämlich Summen- signal und Störsignal für den einen Sensorkanal sowie Summen¬ signal und Störsignal für den anderen Sensorkanal, ein sepa¬ rater Signalverarbeitungskanal und damit ein spezifischer Eingang für die Verarbeitungseinheit zur Verfügung steht. Letztlich erhöht sich die Sicherheit der Radsensorfunktion.In a preferred embodiment characterized in claim 4, the output of each receiver Schwingkrei- ses two signal processing channels with synchronous rectifier, low pass filter and signal amplifier is supplied, wherein a synchronous rectifier of the transmitter of the one sensor channel and the other synchronous rectifier is driven by the transmitter of the other sensor channel. In this way, no signal processing channel must be used twice, that is, depending on the wheel crossing influenced state of the sensor channel either the sum signal or the noise processing. The level evaluation in the processing unit is simplified, since for each required input signal, namely the sum signal and interference signal for the one sensor channel and the sum ¬ signal and interference signal for the other sensor channel, a sepa ¬ rater signal processing channel and thus a specific input for the processing unit available stands. Ultimately, the safety of the wheel sensor function increases.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines figürlich darge¬ stellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention based on a figurative Darge ¬ presented embodiment will be explained in more detail.
Die Figur zeigt ein Blockschaltbild eines Radsensors.The figure shows a block diagram of a wheel sensor.
Es ist ersichtlich, dass links und rechts einer Eisenbahnschiene 1 Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 und Empfänger-Schwing¬ kreise 4 und 5 angeordnet sind, die zwei Sensorkanälen A und B zugeordnet sind. Die beiden Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 sind auf unterschiedliche Arbeitsfrequenzen, zum Beispiel 40 kHz und 45 kHz, abgestimmt. Bei einer Radüberfahrt verän¬ dert sich die induktive Kopplung 6 beziehungsweise 7 zwischen dem Sender-Schwingkreis 2 beziehungsweise 3 und dem Empfän- ger-Schwingkreis 4 beziehungsweise 5, wodurch am Ausgang des Empfänger-Schwingkreises 4 beziehungsweise 5 ein Empfangssig¬ nal 8 beziehungsweise 9 in Form einer sogenannten Abrollkurve oder Glockenkurve entsteht. Diese Abrollkurve wird zur Rader¬ kennung benutzt. Durch das Überfahren beider Sensorkanäle A und B entstehen zwei zeitlich versetzte Signale, die zurIt can be seen that the left and right of a railway rail 1 transmitter-resonant circuits 2 and 3 and receiver-Schwing ¬ circuits 4 and 5 are arranged, which are associated with two sensor channels A and B. The two transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3 are tuned to different operating frequencies, for example 40 kHz and 45 kHz. In a Radüberfahrt changed ¬ the inductive coupling changed 6 and 7 between the transmitter resonant circuit 2 and 3 and the receiver resonant circuit 4 or 5, whereby at the output of the receiver oscillating circuit 4 and 5, a Empfangssig ¬ nal 8 and 9 in Form of a so-called rolling curve or bell curve is formed. This rolling curve is used for Rader ¬ recognition. By passing over both sensor channels A and B, two time-shifted signals are generated, which are used for
Richtungserkennung genutzt werden. Die Empfangssignal 8 und 9 werden jeweils in zwei Signalverarbeitungskanäle 10a und 10b beziehungsweise IIa und IIb eingespeist, deren wesentliche Bestandteile Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 12b beziehungs- weise 13a und 13b, Tiefpassfilter 14a und 14b beziehungsweise 15a und 15b und Signalverstärker 16a und 16b beziehungsweise 17a und 17b sind. Die Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 13a wer¬ den von dem Sender-Schwingkreis 2 des ersten Sensorkanals A angesteuert und die Synchrongleichrichter 12b und 13b werden von dem Sender-Schwingkreis 3 des zweiten Sensorkanals B an¬ gesteuert. Zu dieser Ansteuerung dient die Phasenlage 18 be¬ ziehungsweise 19, wodurch die Synchrongleichrichter 12a und 13a beziehungsweise 12b und 13b eine phasensynchrone Gleich¬ richtung des als Wechselsignal gebildeten Empfangssignals 8 beziehungsweise 9 ausführen können. Auf diese Weise wird das Empfangssignal 8 beziehungsweise 9 in seine senderspezifi¬ schen Frequenzanteile zerlegt, nämlich auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und IIa für den Sensorkanal A und auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10b und IIb für den Sensorkanal B. Durch Überkreuz-Demodulation wird aus einem Signalverarbeitungskanal 10b beziehungsweise IIa des zugehörigen Sensorka¬ nals A beziehungsweise B jener Signalanteil demoduliert, das heißt herausgefiltert, der auf der Arbeitsfrequenz des je¬ weils anderen Sensorkanals B beziehungsweise A von einer ex- ternen Störquelle in den Empfänger-Schwingkreis 4 beziehungs¬ weise 5 induziert wurde. Die Signale auf den beiden anderen Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und IIb ergeben sich durch die Demodulation der direkt bei Radüberfahrt des Sender-Schwing- kreises 2 oder 3 eingekoppelten Empfangssignale 8 oder 9. So¬ mit resultieren auf den Signalverarbeitungskanälen 10a und IIb Summensignale, die das Nutzsignal und das Störsignal beinhalten, und auf den beiden anderen Signalverarbeitungska¬ nälen 10b und IIa nur die Störsignale. Im nachfolgenden Tief- passfilter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b jedes der vier Signalverarbei¬ tungskanäle 10a, 10b, IIa, IIb werden die durch die Einkopp- lung des jeweils anderen Sender-Schwingkreises 2 beziehungs¬ weise 3 entstandenen Schwebungen unterdrückt. Diese Tiefpass¬ filterung ist wegen der unterschiedlichen Arbeitsfrequenzen der Sender-Schwingkreise 2 und 3 möglich. Der Tiefpass 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b ist über den Signalverstärker 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, der der Pegelanpassung dient, mit Eingängen U_a und U_b sowie U_b_stör und U_a_stör eines Mikroprozessors 20 verbun¬ den. Die Eingänge U_a und U_b repräsentieren dabei die beiden Summensignale und U_b_stör und U_a_stör die beiden Störsig¬ nale. Der Mikroprozessor 20 verknüpft die Analogsignale U_a und U_a_stör sowie U_b und U_b_stör mit den Möglichkeiten der digitalen Signalverarbeitung und erzeugt ein Ausgangssignal 21 beziehungsweise 22, das im einfachsten Verknüpfungsfall die Differenz U_a - U_a_stör sowie U_b - U_b_stör ist, und entscheidet letztlich, ob eine Radüberfahrt registriert wird oder nicht oder ob eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben wird. Direction detection can be used. The received signals 8 and 9 are each fed into two signal processing channels 10a and 10b or IIa and IIb whose essential components are synchronous rectifiers 12a and 12b or 13a and 13b, low-pass filters 14a and 14b or 15a and 15b and signal amplifiers 16a and 16b or 17a and 17b are. The synchronous rectifier 12a and 13a ¬ the driven from the transmitter resonant circuit 2 of the first sensor channel A and the synchronous rectifier 12b and 13b are controlled by the station resonant circuit 3 of the second sensor channel B at ¬. For this control, the phase position 18 be ¬ tion 19, whereby the synchronous rectifier 12a and 13a or 12b and 13b can perform a phase-synchronous Gleich ¬ direction of the receiving signal formed as an alternating signal 8 and 9 respectively. In this way, the received signal is 8 or 9 decomposed into its sender's specifi ¬ frequency components, namely on the signal processing channels 10a and IIa for the sensor channel A and the signal processing channels 10b and IIb for the sensor channel B. By cross-demodulation is from a signal processing channel 10b respectively IIa of the associated Sensororka ¬ nals A and B demodulated that signal component, that is filtered out, the on the working frequency of each ¬ Weil's other sensor channel B or A from an ex- ternal source of interference in the receiver resonant circuit 4 relationship ¬ 5 was induced. The signals on the other two signal processing channels 10a and IIb are obtained with by the demodulation of the circle directly Radüberfahrt the transmitter oscillating 2 or 3 coupled received signals 8 or 9. Thus ¬ result to the signal processing channels 10a and IIb sum signals, the useful signal that and include the interference signal, and on the other two Signalverarbeitungska ¬ channels 10b and IIa only the interference signals. In the subsequent low-pass filter 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b of each of the four Signalverarbei ¬ processing channels 10a, 10b, IIa, IIb by the Einkopp- development of the respective other transmitter resonant circuit can be suppressed 2 relationship ¬, 3 beats caused. This low-pass filtering ¬ is possible because of the different operating frequencies of the transmitter resonant circuits 2 and 3. FIG. The low-pass 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b is connected via the signal amplifier 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b, which is used for level adjustment, with inputs U_A and U_b and U_b_stör U_a_stör and a microprocessor 20 verbun ¬. The inputs U_a and U_b represent the two sum signals and U_b_stör and U_a_stör the two Störsig ¬ signals. The microprocessor 20 combines the analog signals U_a and U_a_stör and U_b and U_b_stör with the possibilities of digital signal processing and generates an output signal 21 and 22, which is the difference U_a - U_a_stör and U_b - U_b_stör in the simplest case, and ultimately decides whether registered a bike crossing or not, or if an error message is issued.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Radsensor, insbesondere für eine Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung, mit zwei induktiv arbeitenden Sensorkanälen (A, B), die durch eine Eisenbahnschiene (1) getrennte Sender und Empfän¬ ger aufweisen, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass eine Verarbeitungseinheit zur Pegelauswertung von Empfangs¬ signalen (8,9) des von einer Radüberfahrt beeinflussten Sen- sorkanals (A oder B) und des jeweils anderen, unbeeinflussten Sensorkanals (B oder A) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Verarbei¬ tungseinheit Mittel zur Verknüpfung, insbesondere Subtrak¬ tion, der Empfangssignale (8,9) des unbeeinflussten und des beeinflussten Sensorkanals (A, B) aufweist.1 wheel sensor, in particular for a track vacancy detection device, with two inductively operating sensor channels (A, B), which by a railway track (1) separate transmitters and receivers ¬ ger, characterized in that a processing unit for level evaluation of receive ¬ signals (8,9 ) of the influenced by a Radüberfahrt sensor channel (a or B) and the respective other, uninfluenced sensor channel (B or a) is provided, wherein the proces ¬ processing unit means for linking, in particular Subtrak ¬ tion, the reception signals (8,9) of the unaffected and affected sensor channels (A, B).
2. Radsensor nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass den Sensorkanälen (A, B) Sender-Schwingkreise (2,3) zugeordnet sind, die unterschiedliche Arbeitsfrequenzen aufweisen.2. Wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor channels (A, B) transmitter oscillating circuits (2,3) are assigned, which have different operating frequencies.
3. Radsensor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die beiden Empfänger jeweils einen Empfänger-Schwingkreis (4,5) aufweisen, dessen Ausgangssignal über einen Synchron- gleichrichter (12b, 13a), der von dem Sender des jeweils anderen Sensorkanals (A, B) angesteuert ist, einen Tiefpassfilter (14b, 15a) und einen Signalverstärker (16b, 17a) der Verarbei¬ tungseinheit zugeführt ist.3. Wheel sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two receivers each having a receiver resonant circuit (4,5) whose output signal via a synchronous rectifier (12b, 13a), the transmitter of the other sensor channel (A , B) is driven, a low-pass filter (14b, 15a) and a signal amplifier (16b, 17a) is supplied to the processing ¬ processing unit.
4. Radsensor nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Ausgangssignal jedes Empfänger-Schwingkreises (4,5) zwei Signalverarbeitungskanälen (10a, 10b, IIa, IIb) mit Synchrongleichrichter (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b) , Tiefpassfilter (14a, 14b, 15a, 15b) und Signalverstärker (16a, 16b, 17a, 17b) zu¬ geführt ist, wobei ein Synchrongleichrichter (12a, 13a) von dem Sender des einen Sensorkanals (A) und der andere Syn¬ chrongleichrichter (12b, 13b) von dem Sender des anderen Sen- sorkanals (B) angesteuert ist. 4. Wheel sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that the output signal of each receiver resonant circuit (4,5) two signal processing channels (10a, 10b, IIa, IIb) with synchronous rectifier (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b), low-pass filter (14a, 14b, 15a, 15b) and signal amplifiers (16a, 16b, 17a, 17b) is guided to ¬, wherein a synchronous rectifier (12a, 13a) from the transmitter of the one sensor channel (A) and the other Syn ¬ chrongleichrichter (12b , 13b) is driven by the transmitter of the other sensor channel (B).
EP08759473A 2007-05-15 2008-05-08 Wheel sensor Not-in-force EP2146886B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007023475A DE102007023475B4 (en) 2007-05-15 2007-05-15 wheel sensor
PCT/EP2008/055695 WO2008138858A1 (en) 2007-05-15 2008-05-08 Wheel sensor

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EP2146886A1 true EP2146886A1 (en) 2010-01-27
EP2146886B1 EP2146886B1 (en) 2011-01-26

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DE502008002480D1 (en) 2011-03-10
DE102007023475A1 (en) 2008-12-11
EP2146886B1 (en) 2011-01-26
WO2008138858A1 (en) 2008-11-20
ATE496812T1 (en) 2011-02-15
DE102007023475B4 (en) 2009-07-09

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