EP2129251B1 - Comfortable high heel shoes - Google Patents
Comfortable high heel shoes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2129251B1 EP2129251B1 EP08714761A EP08714761A EP2129251B1 EP 2129251 B1 EP2129251 B1 EP 2129251B1 EP 08714761 A EP08714761 A EP 08714761A EP 08714761 A EP08714761 A EP 08714761A EP 2129251 B1 EP2129251 B1 EP 2129251B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cushion
- foot
- shoes
- shoe
- sole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/22—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with fixed flat-foot insertions, metatarsal supports, ankle flaps or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
- A43B23/24—Ornamental buckles; Other ornaments for shoes without fastening function
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
- A43B3/0036—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use characterised by a special shape or design
- A43B3/0078—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use characterised by a special shape or design provided with logos, letters, signatures or the like decoration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/1445—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the midfoot, i.e. the second, third or fourth metatarsal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/145—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the toes, i.e. the phalanges
Definitions
- Mid-high and high heels for women are known. They generally comprise a wear outsole (walking), a heel, one or more insoles, a soleplate (covering), a vamp and sometimes a rod, all connected together.
- the sole so the set that is below the sole of the foot, has a double curvature, often reinforced by a cambrillon.
- Middle or high heel shoes according to the state of the art have a major disadvantage. During prolonged wear one feels discomfort first and then undergoes pain and foot lesions. All this is caused by the strong push of the foot forward which is caused by the sliding of the foot on the slope of the sole below the bow and in the heel area.
- the subject of the invention is a mid-high or high heel shoe with a new construction sole which retains the forward thrust of the foot and which dampens the shocks so as to increase comfort and protect the foot from injury. painful.
- the invention relates to all types of shoes, inserts and adhesive media.
- Patent US2,465,817 patented March 29, 1949.
- This invention of MA Perugia aims to make shoes with very high heels without using platform soles.
- the inventor obtains this result using a normally hard midsole whose thickness decreases from the middle to the front of the shoe. It superimposes a layer of convex bump-shaped filling material which is made of a material as hard as agglomerated cork and glued. At the back of this convexity is formed a hard bowl in which the metatarsals are lodged.
- a first disadvantage of this invention stems from the fact that the convexity (the boss) is made of a hard material. When walking, the foot bumps at each step against this convexity.
- a second disadvantage is that the convex lump lasts for good circulation of blood in the forefoot.
- a third drawback is that the local pressure of the metatarsals in the bowl is very high. The local pressure is not reduced by the midsole so that callosities tend to develop.
- a fourth disadvantage is that there is no shock absorption in this bowl. Much of the weight of the body rests on the heads of the metatarsals. A compression shock is spreading at each step through the bones of the foot and leg to the spine. After a while the user may feel pain in the back.
- Patent US2,862,313 patented December 2, 1958.
- This invention by H. Jones aims to achieve insole inserts that provide better support to the forefoot. This support must locally reduce the concentration of pressure below the head of the first and fifth metatarsals. The result is obtained using two openings in the sole filled with elastic inserts that are below the heads of the first and fifth metatarsals. A third elastic insert is further back, in the region of the arc, or below the second, third and fourth metatarsal bone. Thus, with low heel shoes, a better comfort is obtained.
- the first disadvantages of this invention are when applied to mid-high or high heels. Pushing and forward motion of the foot are not stopped. We do not avoid discomfort, pain, lesions, etc.
- This invention J. Neu relates to a support to be placed in the shoes, especially those with high heels, to prevent the foot slides forward.
- the insert-shaped support has a slightly concave slope and slightly rising forward for a distance of about 5 cm. At the front it ends in the shape of a transverse stop followed by a steep slope of about one cm.
- the support has the same elastic properties throughout its volume. It is placed in the shoes under the metatarsals. The effect of the slightly concave slope is to reduce the thrust in front of the foot.
- the support fulfills its function with flat shoes and mid-high heels. It is also useful when the size of the shoe is somewhat too big. A first disadvantage of this support appears with shoes with high heels.
- a second disadvantage also occurs with high heel shoes when walking for a prolonged period of time. The cushioning below the heads of the metatarsals is no longer sufficient to ensure optimal comfort.
- a third disadvantage is that the toes are lodged lower than the metatarsals. This position of the toes hinders the blood circulation, especially if the material of the steep slope of the support is not very soft.
- a fourth disadvantage is aesthetic in nature when the support is used with open shoes such as sandals. When we look at the side, we see the support whose color is usually not the same as that of the shoe.
- Patent application WO 89/06502 published July 27, 1989 .
- This invention of H. Dananberg relates to a mid-high or high heel shoe whose shape prevents the foot from sliding forward and jamming in the upper, see the following patent application.
- Patent application US5782015 published on July 21, 1998 This invention by H. Dananberg relates to a mid-high or high heel shoe whose shape prevents the foot from sliding forward and jamming in the upper.
- the shoe has, for the front, middle and rear of the insole, longitudinal inclination angles that are different from those used so far. When a user is standing, without much walking, these shoes have improved comfort.
- a first disadvantage of these shoes is that, when in motion, they only partially remove the movements of the foot, and thus the overheating by friction of the sole of the foot under the heads of the metatarsals.
- a second disadvantage is that they do not attenuate the shocks that propagate from the metatarsal heads through the bones of the feet and legs to the joints of the knees, hips and spine.
- a third drawback is that the invention adapts badly to heels more than 8 cm in height.
- a fourth drawback arises from the fact that the front part is inclined upwards which gives the shoes according to the invention an unsightly appearance.
- Patent application JP2002262902 published on September 17, 2002 This invention of T. Okimoto relates to an insole for high heel shoes that improves lateral stability.
- the sole in its front part, is padded on those sides with a thick wall part that stabilizes the foot against rolling movements. When a user walks on a cross slope or on uneven ground these insoles give him improved support.
- a first disadvantage of these soles is that, in high heel shoes, they do not stop the push of the foot forward. The discomfort and pains of the forefoot are not reduced.
- a second disadvantage is that walking these soles do not reduce the movements of up and down the foot and thus overheating by friction of the sole of the foot under the heads of the metatarsals.
- a third disadvantage relates to the difficulty of putting on and taking off shoes equipped with soles according to the invention and a fourth drawback that in use the feet are cramped.
- Patent application US2004025377 published on February 12, 2004 This patent application by K. Brannon relates to inserts for shoes, especially for open sandals and shoes with high heels.
- the inserts are very thin, between 0.5 and 1.6 mm. According to the inventor, they prevent the foot from sliding forward, while being thin enough to avoid damage to the foot by friction in the upper. They include a bottom surface that is attached by adhesive to the sockliner. Their upper surface is made of a non-slip material, for example rubber, Neoprene TM, a plastic material, cork or leather, so as to cling to the foot.
- the inserts are placed through the inside of the shoe so that the metatarsals rest on it.
- a third disadvantage is that it is not possible to make shoes open on the heel.
- a fourth disadvantage is that the insole has too many geometric elements to suit the slightly different shape of each foot. It is therefore necessary to provide for each size a whole assortment of insoles. This leads to an increase in the selling price of shoes.
- This invention of HJ Dananberg discloses an insole that functions similarly to that of the shoe in the patent application.
- the sole can be mounted in shoes of conventional shape either in the factory or in the store.
- the sole has two very low hills, the first just in front of the calceneum bone and the second more forward, below the stems of the metatarsal bones.
- Under the heads of the metatarsals and towards the front of the shoe the sole according to the invention has no hill or valley, it is flat, homogeneous and thin.
- the sole reduces the strength, characteristic of high-heeled shoes, which pushes the foot forward.
- the disadvantages of the soles according to this invention are essentially the same as those of the shoes described in the application of US5782015 from the same author. In addition these insoles are insubstantial on open shoes.
- FR 1351 722 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the transverse hill is either permanently present or protrudes only during the elastic deformation of the sole under the weight of the foot. In both cases, we obtain a sloping slope towards the rear of the shoe on which the heads of the metatarsals just behind are butted. The slope holds them down and thus prevents the foot from sliding forward. It is necessary that the transverse hill has a height and inclination of its appropriate slopes.
- the transverse hill is made of an elastic or viscoelastic material which is not very compressible. Its elastic resistance must be sufficiently weak to deform under the forward thrust of the metatarsal heads. It cushioned the sudden shocks of the foot when walking on hard ground while returning each time to its original form.
- the elastic resistance of the transverse hill must remain high enough to transmit the said thrust forwards to the sole and to return each time to its original form.
- the incompressibility of the material means that the volume of the transverse hill remains constant when it is deformed by a forward thrust of the metatarsal heads. At the moment when a local indentation is formed the material produces a bead around it which increases the total contact area and thus reduces the local pressure.
- a cellular material such as rubber foam is highly compressible; it is therefore less useful for making a transverse hill.
- Soft compressible but soft elastomers with Shore 00 scale hardness of between about 20 and 60 are used. Optimum materials are Technogel TM 125 to 145 from Technogel Konigsee GmbH.
- the boot according to the invention advantageously comprises a median cushion. It is approximately rectangular or rhomboidal in shape and must be firmly attached to the sole. Its thickness decreases towards the back edge.
- the median cushion is also made of a resilient material or viscoelastic little compressible, but it is softer than that of the transverse hill.
- the middle cushion supports most of the weight of the person. It is deformed locally under the vertical pressure exerted by the heads of the metatarsals. The incompressibility of the material means that its volume remains constant when it is deformed by this weight. The contact areas of the metatarsal heads are thus increased and the local pressure reduced.
- the median cushion also supports shear forces.
- the median cushion is extended to also cover the rear part of the sole, the false flat heel included.
- An improved embodiment of the high-heeled shoe according to the invention also has a front cushion of approximately semi-lunar shape. It is placed and fixed at the front of the transverse hill, so below the toes of the foot. When walking a brief pulse of pressure is transmitted at each step between the toes and the sole.
- the front cushion increases the contact areas between the toes and the sole. It decreases the local pressure and helps immobilize the foot. It also avoids a poor circulation of blood and makes the shoe according to the invention even more comfortable.
- the middle and front cushions can be made in different ways.
- the cushions have a preformed, flexible, watertight and mechanically tensile envelope which encloses a viscoelastic gel, a viscous liquid, a suspension or a granule.
- Such cushions are deformable but not very compressible. When a local force is exerted by the foot, they yield progressively while keeping the same volume. They resume their original form as soon as the local force is removed.
- a viscoelastic gel or granule can only move a short distance.
- Such cushions are preferred because they provide lateral and longitudinal stability to a foot that rests on their surface. A user may lift the other foot without losing balance and walking on uneven ground.
- such cushions resist the shear forces that come from the forward thrust of the foot and transmit them to the sole. Finally, when such cushions accidentally tear or wear, there is no liquid flowing.
- the cushions also have a flexible, tight and tensile-resistant casing but they are filled with a liquid or suspension of high viscosity.
- This embodiment allows the contents to move transversely and longitudinally from one edge of the cushion to the other.
- the disadvantage of this embodiment is a less good stability of the foot.
- Two median cushions could be provided, one to support the metatarsal head of the big toe and a second to support the heads of the other metatarsals.
- Another embodiment of the cushions utilizes a preformed, porous, flexible, and mechanical tensile shell that is filled with a granule. Such cushions allow sweat to escape through the entire surface of the soles of the feet. Shoes with such cushions are advantageous especially in warm climates.
- the median cushion with its mechanical tensile envelope is provided with a reinforcement, for example a plate below or a ring or a frame around.
- a reinforcement for example a plate below or a ring or a frame around.
- the transverse hill made of a viscoelastic material, is protruding permanently relative to the front of the sole. Without cushions, such an embodiment makes it possible to retain the forward thrust of the foot as long as the heel is mid-high.
- This embodiment is particularly useful for producing adhesive media according to the invention.
- a transverse hill provided with a reinforcement is then provided to be able to attach this adhesive support in a reversible manner to the sole assembly. Used together with a medial cushion and front, a protruding transverse hill, permanently attached to the sole, allows to retain the foot pressure even when the heel is high.
- a transverse hill In a useful embodiment especially for shoes with closed upper is used a transverse hill, a middle cushion and a front cushion which all have the same thickness. When the shoe is empty, the entire front surface of the sole is then practically flat. This gives the advantage of being able to more easily put on and take off such closed shoes. It is enough to unload the foot of the body weight when one slips it in the shoe and likewise when one leaves it.
- the transverse hill only protrudes when the median cushion is loaded with body weight. It then yields elastically under the pressure of the metatarsal heads.
- the transverse hill more rigid and less stressed in pressure than the median cushion, hardly deforms. It fills the space at the root of the toes and forms a stop that prevents the foot from sliding forward.
- the transverse hill together with the medial cushion solicited by the weight of the forefoot, thus forms a structure that retains a major part of the forward thrust of the metatarsal heads.
- the front part of the sole of a high-heeled shoe is practically flat and close to the horizontal.
- the dimensioning of the elements according to the invention must, for each size, correspond to the anatomical shape of a corresponding average foot.
- the optimum dimensions for the transverse hill and the cushions must be chosen each time.
- the dimensions for a medium shoe size 38 with a high heel between 5 and 10 cm are as follows:
- the front cushion measures approximately 4 cm and the transverse hill approximately 2.3 cm in length of the shoe.
- the median cushion has a constant thickness over a length of about 4.2 cm and a gradually decreased thickness over an additional length of about 2.0 cm. There remains an upper sole not covered with the medial cushion which is still about 11.2 cm in length to the back of the heel.
- the rear slope of the transverse hill forms a stop which retains a significant part of the thrust of the foot forward.
- the remaining part of the forward foot thrust must be held by the shear force between the sole of the foot and the sockliner.
- the sockliner must have, on its upper surface, a coefficient of average friction. It is advantageous that the coefficient of friction has a mean value. With a low coefficient of friction the push of the foot forward would not be fully restrained and the foot could slide over the transverse hill.
- An advantageous embodiment provides a hydrophilic insole that is surface-structured and / or porous in volume. Made of woven or non-woven fabric or leather, it spreads moisture sideways to remove sweat from the soles of the feet. Such an airy outsole is useful in hot, humid weather and also when the body weight of the carrier is high.
- the shoe equipped with a median cushion, also dampens the vertical shocks and forward when walking on hard ground. It protects the joints of the knees, hips and spine.
- the insole, the median cushion, the transverse hill and the front cushion are deformed reversibly under the weight of the body.
- the sole must therefore be constructed so that its internal rigidity remains adequate and that the anchors of the upper, the upper and the heel remain solid.
- the rear of the sole, the upper, the upper, the outsole and the heel do not undergo any additional stress.
- Their durability is therefore equivalent to that of the usual shoes.
- customers want to keep the possibility of replacing the outsole or heel with a shoemaker; this remains possible.
- the insole and the perimeter of the sole should look like the usual shoes and withstand wear. Stylists who design shoes according to the invention can give free rein to their creativity. They can adapt from year to year to changes in fashion so that they always remain elegant and varied.
- Mid-high or high heel shoes according to the invention may be closed or open on their periphery.
- Boots, boots, pumps, etc. are closed shoes.
- Mules, sandals, etc. are open shoes on at least a part of the periphery.
- the shoes according to the invention are closed their visual appearance is not modified compared to the usual shoes, except that the sole is thicker than a few millimeters.
- the transverse hill and the two cushions are easily lodged.
- the visual aspect of the sole according to the invention must be taken into account. Indeed, with such shoes the transverse hill and the two cushions become visible on the edges which is not satisfactory from the aesthetic point of view.
- a first embodiment provides an insole flowing over its periphery which is folded and fixed on the edges of the sole so as to hide the transverse hill and cushions placed just below.
- the shoe is assembled separately, that is to say the bottom of the sole and the elements of the upper, for example straps.
- the advantage of this first embodiment is that it allows to make the footbed according to the invention both solid, waterproof and aesthetically valid. They are mounted at the factory or delivered separately to the retail stores in the form of insert inserts to be glued on site.
- a second embodiment provides shoes with mid-high heels or high with a sole provided with a rim on its front and side-front to form one or more bowls.
- this or these bowls one houses the transverse hill and the cushions. They are thus both retained in place and hidden laterally.
- the bowl or bowls must be watertight downwards. They can then be used as receptacles for liquids, suspensions, preferably viscoelastic gels or a fluid soft granule. For example, two viscoelastic gels are used for an assembly with three cuvettes.
- the second bowl, the transverse hill is filled to the brim with a medium viscoelastic hardness gel and the other two with a softer gel.
- a soft cork tongue is used to obtain the transverse hill function.
- a polymer sole is formed with two wells and a wide lateral transverse edge between the two which is used directly as a transverse hill.
- the front and middle cuvettes are filled with viscoelastic gel or soft granule to obtain both cushions.
- the three or both cuvettes are covered with a flexible, traction-resistant, flexible insole preferably having an upper surface with an average coefficient of friction.
- the insole must be frost-proof and cover each bowl around its circumference.
- mid-high or high heel shoes that have a thick midsole throughout the length. Wedge soles easily combine with a transverse hill and cushions. It is possible to manufacture compensated shoes according to the invention in all the embodiments described above.
- the main advantage of the compensated shoes according to the invention is a maximum height gain in combination with standing comfort and high running. These shoes allow small women, when addressing other people, to look at them without having to look up.
- Mid-high or high heeled wedge shoes are also durable and comfortable to wear, even when the floor is soaked in water or cold.
- a mark and / or a logo can be placed a distinctive drawing. It is affixed advantageously on the visible part of the insole or in a protected area of the outsole.
- Known techniques of bulk dyeing, surface printing, stamping, etc. are used. on a polymer, leather, fabrics, etc.
- the advantage of a distinctive design is the rapid recognition of shoes, inserts, middle pads, adhesive mounts and straight transverse hills according to the invention. This facilitates the marketing and the work of the staff in the stores. At the same time, the customer is allowed to recognize and identify with the shoes according to the invention.
- the shoes are fully assembled in the factory and the customers buy the finished product.
- clients buy pairs of shoes from the store and each time one or more pairs of insoles.
- clients buy pairs of shoes and in addition one or more pairs of median cushions.
- customers buy pairs of adhesive mounts to stick on conventional shoes.
- the first way goes through assembly, so gluing, welding, etc. definitive of the transverse hill, cushion (s) and sockliner during the manufacture of the shoe.
- This assembly route remains close to the usual methods.
- a shape having an additional height of a few millimeters is chosen to take into account the thickness of the footbed according to the invention. Sew, glue and / or mold the outsole and / or wear and the mid-high heel or high. At the end we slide and glue the footbed according to the invention inside pre-assembled shoe.
- the benefits of the first track are lower manufacturing, distribution and sales costs.
- the shoes are especially suitable for people who, in relation to the size of their feet, have an average body weight. From the point of view of design this first way is also advantageous because it allows to make shoes that leave all the freedom to the stylists.
- the second way involves the manufacture of shoes in the factory and insole soles separately.
- the shoe assembly along the second lane resembles that of the first lane.
- a shape with an additional height of, for example, 5 to 10 millimeters is always used.
- the difference is that the sole according to the invention is set up later, at the store sale.
- the shoes include a sole, a high heel and a vamp.
- According to the embodiment of the insert insoles hold their shape or using an adhesive sheet.
- the arch of the upper is formed higher so that the insole can be attached to the stores without the foot being cramped.
- Insertion soles which are plantar bases, are assembled at the factory. They include a front cushion, a transverse hill and a medial cushion that are attached end to end.
- a first advantage of this second route concerns the manufacturing process. It is virtually identical to that for mid-high or high heel shoes. It is sufficient that the vault of the upper is a few millimeters higher.
- a second benefit is that we can best serve clients who have an average body weight. This requires having in stock, for each size, for example three types of insoles different insertion.
- a third advantage appears in hot, humid countries. It is then possible for clients to purchase multiple pairs of insoles for a single pair of shoes and replace them as soon as it becomes necessary.
- the third way is through the manufacture of high-heeled or mid-high shoes with a front cushion and an incorporated transverse hill.
- the median cushion In place of the median cushion they have an empty bowl in the sole. It is provided with an element which ensures the attachment of the median cushion by its shape, adhesion, Velcro TM or otherwise.
- the assembly of these shoes is facilitated by the insertion of a temporary median cushion.
- the shape is then placed and the stem and the upper are mounted. At the end of the assembly, remove the shape and the temporary median cushion. This creates a bowl in the shoe whose dimensions are controlled.
- the final median cushion according to the invention is set up later at the store of sale.
- the factory also manufactures detached median cushions for the required number of sizes and, for example, each time in three different viscoelastic hardnesses: Soft cushions for light people, medium cushions for middleweights and cushions hard for high body weights.
- the median cushions detached are advantageously provided with a reinforcement that allows their attachment to the counterpart in the bowl of the shoe.
- the attachment is preferably reversible, the user can insert and detach at will at the store or at home.
- the benefits of the third lane appear in use by clients who have above average body weight and have to stand for long hours. They choose for their high-heeled shoes median cushions that ensure the best possible comfort. Median cushions are usually the most requested part. As soon as necessary the users can detach the worn cushions and replace them with new ones.
- the fourth way involves the manufacture of separate adhesive media with transverse hills. These adhesive mounts are sold in-store to be fixed by the users on their usual mid-high heeled shoes.
- a first advantage of the fourth way is that users can improve the comfort of their usual shoes without spending too much extra.
- a second advantage is that they can join the transverse hills exactly to the place that corresponds to the shape of their feet.
- the pushing force is doubled.
- the foot is pressed against the conical part with a force of about 280 N.
- the force with which the front of the foot is pressed in a usual shoe up against the vamp thus reaches at each step about 50% of the weight of the person.
- the remaining 50% of the weight of the person is supported by the rear part of the sole. This is the case for the usual shoes with high heel and also for the shoes according to the invention.
- the second shock enters through the front part of the shoe, from where it is transmitted to the heads of the metatarsals. During normal operation, the force transmitted by this second shock is approximately equal to the weight of the carrier. In conventional high-heeled shoes this second shock is practically not cushioned. It spreads in a straight line through the bones of the foot and leg to the spine. This results in knee and back pain. Our biomechanical analysis shows that we can easily explain all the lesions caused by usual high-heeled shoes.
- This scale ranges from +2 (a dream) to +1 (better than the reference) to 0 (reference shoe at the beginning of the experiment), to -1 (discomfort), to -2 (intermittent pain), to - 3 (persistent pain) and - 4 (strong persistent pain).
- Left foot and right foot assessments were done first every 10 minutes and then every 20 minutes, for a total of 10 assessments for each foot over a total of 120 minutes (two hours). The person performing the tests has been standing all the time without ever sitting down. She stayed some time on the spot and another she walked on horizontal and sloping ground.
- Technogel TM 145 of a thickness 5 or 10 mm.
- Technogel TM plates from 125 (soft), 130, 135 and 145 (hard). These plates contain a viscoelastic gel sealed in a thin flexible and waterproof envelope so as to form flat cushions.
- We cut the plates each time in the shape of the transverse hills and the desired front and middle cushions.
- the 11th test was made with a pair of high-heeled shoes of 10 cm, equipped with a pair of socks according to the invention.
- Technogel TM type 125 With a thickness of 5 mm also.
- For the usual shoes the wearing period when they are fully comfortable standing is only about 20 minutes. With the shoes according to the experiment 11 one arrives at a discomfort (-1) after 240 minutes, thus after 4 hours. With usual shoes we feel the same discomfort after 40 to 60 minutes already.
- the fully comfortable wearing time is 2.7 times longer than that with shoes without transverse hill according to the invention but covered with identical cushions.
- Fully comfortable wearing time with shoes according to the invention is 11 times longer than that with usual shoes otherwise identical, so without transverse hill and without cushions.
- the comfortable wearing time with mid-high heels according to the invention should also be several times longer than with otherwise identical conventional shoes.
- the high or medium heels of the invention allow for the first time small and medium-sized women to perform all professional and private activities enjoying full and without pain the appreciation and financial benefits offered to their bigger sisters.
- the different embodiments of the shoes according to the invention allow the realization of a wide range of advantageous designs. They require few changes compared to conventional shoes. It is sufficient that the front sole is thick enough to accommodate the hill and cushions. By choosing for the transverse hill and the cushions a thickness of 3 to 7 mm it is possible to use a sole which is only slightly thicker than usual.
- Example 1 figure 1 represents the sole, ie the part of a mid-high heel shoe that is below the foot.
- the sole has the usual double curvature.
- the materials of the sole are the same as for usual shoes.
- At the bottom of the first mounting (1) is fixed the heel (5) and the outsole (6).
- a transverse hill (2) with a rounded profile is glued or welded to the first mounting (1).
- the transverse hill (2) is oriented slightly obliquely, so as to stand between the heads of the metatarsals (3) and the toes (4).
- the transverse hill (2) measures about 1.5 cm in the direction of the length of the shoe and its height is about 5 mm.
- the transverse hill (2) is made of an elastic or viscoelastic material, thus a weakly crosslinked polymer.
- the first mounting (1) is made by injection of a resilient plastic material, it is possible to integrate the transverse hill (2) directly.
- the insole (7) is flexible and resistant to traction.
- the insole (7) advantageously has a distinctive pattern (8), printed or stamped in the mass so as to indicate the mark and logo for the shoe according to the invention.
- Example 2 figure 2 represents the sole of a high-heeled shoe.
- the upper and the upper are not drawn because they are made in the same way as for a usual shoe.
- the different parts of the sole are shown separate and transparent. All achievements are possible, from the sandalette to the boot.
- On the first mounting (1) is fixed a transverse hill (2) rounded which stands between the heads of the metatarsals (3) and the toes (4).
- the transverse hill (2) makes the heads of the metatarsals (3) abut and thus prevents the foot from sliding forward. It measures in the direction of the length of the shoe about 1.5 cm and its thickness is about 8 mm.
- the transverse hill (2) comprises a preformed, flexible and watertight envelope (11) which resists mechanical tension.
- the casing (11) contains a low compressible and elastic viscous gel (12) so as to dampen forward shocks when walking.
- the transverse hill (2) is advantageously filled with a Technogel TM gel 135 or 145.
- the first mounting (1) carries, behind the transverse hill (2), therefore under the heads of the metatarsals (3).
- a median cushion (13) glued on its lower surface. It is approximately rectangular in shape. Its thickness at the front is for example 5 mm, towards the back the thickness gradually decreases towards 0.
- the median cushion (13) is deformed locally under the static force of the body weight exerted by the heads of the metatarsals (3) .
- the cushion (13) When the carrier is running, the cushion (13) also dampens the dynamic shocks of the heads of the metatarsals (3) in compression and shear forward.
- the first of assembly (1) carries in addition, in front of transverse hill, therefore under the fingers of the foot (4), a front cushion (14) glued on its lower surface. It is approximately semi-lunar in shape and its thickness is constant, for example 5 mm.
- the front cushion (14) measures approximately 4.0 cm in length of the shoe
- the transverse hill (2) measures approximately 2.3 cm
- the median cushion (13) measures approximately 4.2 cm in constant thickness and approximately 2.0 cm on an additional length where the thickness gradually decreases towards 0.
- the rear part of the first mounting (1) up to the back of the false flat heel, not covered with cushion, which measures approximately 11.2 cm in length.
- the front cushion (14), the transverse hill (2), the medial cushion (13) and the rear part of the first mounting (1) are covered by a sockliner (7) which forms a corrugation at the location from the transverse hill (2).
- the insole (7) advantageously has an average coefficient of friction and carries a logo (8).
- the middle (13) and front (14) cushions each include a preformed, flexible, watertight envelope that resists mechanical tension. These envelopes each enclose a viscous gel that is not very compressible. When the cushions are deformed by the weight of the body they keep about the same volume and return to their original shape as soon as the weight is removed. The viscosity of the gel and chosen so that the cushions approximately double the contact areas under the weight of the body relative to a solid sole. For a person of average weight is advantageously used Technogel TM 130 gel. The cushions then reduce the pressure, so the force per unit area exerted on the soles of the feet to about half compared to a hard surface.
- Example 3 figure 3 represents the sole of a high-heeled shoe.
- the upper and the upper are not drawn. To facilitate understanding the different parts are shown separate and transparent.
- This example is similar to Example 2 but with a sole whose upper surface is flat when not stressed. It also shows a variant where the median cushion (13) is of long shape so extended to the back of the heel.
- the median (13) and front (14) cushions have a thickness of 5 mm which is equal to that of the transverse hill (2).
- the entire medial and forward surface of the unsolicited sole is flat.
- the transverse hill (2) less stressed in pressure and same time harder than the two cushions (13) and (14) becomes prominent.
- the same length measurements are chosen for the front cushion (14) and the transverse hill (2) as for the embodiment example 2.
- the rear median cushion (13) has a length of 17.4 cm.
- the front and middle cushions are preferably made of Technogel TM 130 and the Technogel TM 145 transverse hill or other materials with similar viscoelastic properties.
- the front cushion (14), the transverse hill (2), the medial cushion (13) and the rear part of the first mounting (1) are covered by a sockliner (7) which bears a logo (8).
- the insole (7) advantageously has a coefficient of average friction.
- figure 4 represents the sole of a high-heeled shoe with a separate medial cushion.
- the upper and the upper are not drawn because they are made in the same way as for a usual shoe. To facilitate understanding the different parts are shown separate and transparent.
- Example 4 resembles Example 2 but with a medial cushion that can be attached and detached.
- the first mounting (1) On the first mounting (1) is fixed a transverse hill (2) which kinks the heads of the metatarsals (3) and prevents the foot from sliding forward.
- the first mounting (1) also carries a front cushion (14).
- This cushion (14) and the transverse hill (2) are advantageously covered with the front part of a sockliner (7a). Behind the transverse hill (2) the sole has a middle bowl (21).
- the shoe further includes a separate medial cushion (22) which, for example, is secured with an adhesive layer in the bowl (21).
- the median cushion (22) is advantageously covered with the middle part of a sockliner (7b).
- different median cushions (22) of the same size but with different viscoelastic properties are produced and offered at the sales store.
- Technogel TM 130 or similar material For medium weight users or use eg Technogel TM 130 or similar material.
- Technogel TM 125 or similar material is used.
- Technogel TM 135 or a similar material is used.
- the client chooses the median cushion (22) whose viscoelastic properties correspond to the weight of the client.
- the cushion (22) selected is then attached with its adhesive layer in the bowl (21). Once in place the cushion (22) transmits the shear forces exerted by the foot to the bowl (21) so that it does not slide forward.
- figure 5 again represents the sole of a high-heeled shoe.
- the upper and the upper are not drawn. To facilitate understanding the different parts are shown separate and transparent.
- the upper portion of the sole includes a thick mounting first (1) which houses a bowl (31) with a peripheral edge (32).
- the bowl (31) houses the front cushion (14), the transverse hill (2) and the median cushion (13).
- Their upper surfaces are preferably at the same level when they are not solicited by the weight of the foot.
- the edge (32) laterally hides the three elements (14), (2) and (13) and retains them longitudinally and laterally. They can be assembled in one piece which is then glued in the bowl (31).
- the soleing further comprises a flexible sockliner (7) which covers the three elements (14), (2) and (13).
- the sole (7) is made of a porous and hydrophilic material, for example a woven or non-woven fabric, leather, etc. so as to diffuse and evacuate moisture from the soles of the feet.
- the compensated shoe makes it possible to use cushions (14) and (13) and a transverse hill (2) of a thickness from 8 mm to 15 mm.
- the height of the edge (32) of the bowl (31) is advantageously chosen to be a few millimeters smaller than the thickness of the cushions (14) and (13) and the transverse hill (2). This dimensioning ensures that the foot is not obstructed by the edge (32) when it is solicited by the weight of the person.
- the thickness of the first mounting (1) is between 10 to 20 mm approximately. This great thickness fits seamlessly into a wedge heel shoe.
- An alternative is to integrate the transverse hill (2) of a viscoelastic material in the first mounting (1) and realize the cushions (13) and (14) filling the bowls with a soft granule.
- the porous textile sockliner (7) is then glued and sealed to the edge (32) to enclose the granule.
- the lower part of the sole comprises a wedge block, which is preferably hollow (33) and an outsole (6). This embodiment allows users to gain maximum height and at the same time comfort.
- figure 6 shows a separate insole according to the invention.
- the closed shoe with its sole, its upper and upper is not drawn because it is made almost like a normal shoe. The only difference is that the free height of the upper is increased to compensate for the thickness of the insole.
- the insole is inserted into the shoe either in the factory, the sales store or the end user. It is advantageously retained in place by its shape which corresponds to that of the inside of the shoe. It can be replaced when worn before the shoe.
- the insole may be made of different elastic hardnesses. It can then be chosen so that its elastic properties are adapted to the weight of the user.
- the insole includes a long base sheet, thus extended to the back of the heel (41), a front cushion (14), a transverse hill (2), a medial cushion (13) and a insole (7).
- An advantageous way of manufacturing the insole is as follows: The base sheet (41) is molded together with the transverse hill (2) in a single material of suitable elasticity to obtain a support (42). Then glue the front cushion (14) and the median cushion (13) on this support (42). Finally, we glue the insole (7) to obtain the insole.
- the thicknesses of the front cushion (14), the transverse hill (2) and the medial cushion (13) are preferably chosen so that the insert sole has no hump.
- the carrier (42) is made of a material of higher elastic hardness than the front (14) and medial (13) cushions.
- the embodiment 7, figure 7 shows an adhesive support according to the invention which is produced separately from the shoe. It shows, below, the sole of a usual shoe with high heel. The upper and the upper are not drawn.
- the adhesive support, above, is attached to the front part of the sole, which is done either by the shop assistant or by the user.
- the adhesive support comprises a transverse hill (2), a sockliner (7) fixed above and a self-adhesive sheet (51) fixed below.
- the width of the adhesive backing at the hill transverse (2) is chosen almost equal to the width of the foot so as to ensure a good lateral distribution of the weight. At the same time, it is avoided that the support is visible from the side when the shoe is worn.
- the adhesive support advantageously begins just in front of the transverse hill (2) and preferably terminates at the rear of the flat portion of the sole. At the rear of the transverse hill (2), the adhesive support is thin so as not to put the foot in the cramped shoe.
- the transverse hill (2) is made of an elastic or viscoelastic material, for example Technogel 135.
- the rounded profile and the width of the transverse hill, as well as its oblique, are chosen so as to correspond to the empty space which is found under the foot just in front of the metatarsal heads and behind the fat of the toes.
- the insole (7) is resistant to traction and somewhat elastic. It forms the upper part of the adhesive support, covers the transverse hill (2) and extends below the metatarsals. It advantageously has a non-slip upper surface with a medium coefficient of friction. It helps to hold the foot when it is pushed forward.
- the insole (7) advantageously carries a distinctive pattern (8), printed or stamped in the mass, so as to indicate the mark and the logo of the adhesive support.
- the self-adhesive foil (51) forms the lower portion of the adhesive backing. It is glued under the transverse hill (2) and under the insole (7).
- the adhesive layer (51) makes it possible to fix the adhesive support on the sole of a shoe.
- the adhesive support according to the invention is easy to fix in all types of shoes with mid-high heel or high, open or closed. It prevents the foot from sliding forward while removing nothing from the elegant exterior visual appearance of the shoe.
- the embodiment 8 relates to the sole of a high-heeled shoe with a transverse hill, a front cushion and a median cushion essentially as in Example 2.
- the upper and possibly also the upper of this shoe are partly open on the sides. They are made for example in one or more strips so as to form a sandalette or a mule.
- the front cushion and the median cushion is used an overflowing outsole that is folded and fixed, for example glued under the edges of the sole.
- Such open shoes are often used in hot climates. Alternatively they are used in the evening in rooms with high air temperature.
- a sockliner made of a porous, hydrophilic material is preferably used which diffuses and removes moisture from the soles of the feet laterally.
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Description
On connaît des chaussures à talon mi-haut et haut pour dames. Elles comprennent en général une semelle d'usure (de marche), un talon, une ou des semelles internes, une semelle de propreté (de recouvrement), une empeigne et parfois une tige, tous reliées entre eux. Le semelage, donc l'ensemble qui se trouve au dessous de la plante du pied, présente une double courbure, souvent renforcée par un cambrillon. Au dessus du talon on trouve une région arrière faiblement inclinée, ensuite vers le milieu, donc au dessous de l'arc, une région fortement inclinée et, vers l'avant, une région presque plate et horizontale. Les chaussures à talon moyen ou haut suivant l'état de la technique présentent un inconvénient majeur. Lors d'un port prolongé on ressent d'abord un inconfort et subit ensuite des douleurs et des lésions du pied. Tout ceci est causé par la forte poussée du pied vers l'avant qui est provoquée par le glissement du pied sur la pente du semelage au dessous de l'arc et dans la région du talon.Mid-high and high heels for women are known. They generally comprise a wear outsole (walking), a heel, one or more insoles, a soleplate (covering), a vamp and sometimes a rod, all connected together. The sole, so the set that is below the sole of the foot, has a double curvature, often reinforced by a cambrillon. Above the heel there is a slightly sloped rear region, then towards the middle, ie below the arc, a strongly inclined region and, towards the front, an almost flat and horizontal region. Middle or high heel shoes according to the state of the art have a major disadvantage. During prolonged wear one feels discomfort first and then undergoes pain and foot lesions. All this is caused by the strong push of the foot forward which is caused by the sliding of the foot on the slope of the sole below the bow and in the heel area.
Le sujet de l'invention est une chaussure à talon mi-haut ou haut avec un semelage de construction nouvelle qui retient la poussée vers l'avant du pied et qui amorti les chocs de sorte à augmenter le confort et à protéger le pied des lésions douloureuses. L'invention concerne tous les types de chaussures, les inserts et supports adhésifs.The subject of the invention is a mid-high or high heel shoe with a new construction sole which retains the forward thrust of the foot and which dampens the shocks so as to increase comfort and protect the foot from injury. painful. The invention relates to all types of shoes, inserts and adhesive media.
Avec des chaussures à talons bas l'homme et la femme sont des plantigrades. Lorsque les femmes portent des chaussures à talons hauts elles adoptent une marche de digitigrade. Lorsque les ballerines font des pointes elles deviennent des onguligrades. Dans chacun des trois cas la biomécanique de la marche est différente. Les chaussures connues à talons hauts présentent deux avantages majeurs sur les chaussures à talon bas.
- Les femmes gagnent en hauteur, leur silhouette et leurs mouvements deviennent plus élégants
- Elles ont plus de succès dans leur vie professionnelle et dans leur vie privée.
- Women gain height, their silhouette and their movements become more elegant
- They are more successful in their professional lives and in their private lives.
La posture et la marche des femmes portant des chaussures à talons hauts a été étudié scientifiquement. Le développement technique des chaussures à talons hauts confortables suivants des principes biomécaniques n'a par contre trouvé qu'un intérêt limité. Les chaussures à talons hauts connues sont pour la plupart construites suivant des prescriptions artisanales. Leur forme et leur structure ne représente donc pas un optimum fonctionnel. Debout et en marche le confort de ces chaussures n'est assuré que pendant un temps limité seulement. Ensuite elles créent avec régularité un inconfort et ensuite des douleurs.The posture and walking of women wearing high-heeled shoes has been studied scientifically. The technical development of comfortable high-heeled shoes following biomechanical principles, however, found only limited interest. The known high-heeled shoes are mostly built according to artisanal prescriptions. Their shape and structure does not represent a functional optimum. Standing and running the comfort of these shoes is only guaranteed for a limited time only. Then they create regular discomfort and then pain.
Nous avons effectué des mesures systématiques qui montrent que pour une femme de poids moyen (58 kg) qui porte des chaussures connues avec des talons hauts de 10 cm, l'apparition d'un inconfort, puis d'une douleur intermittente et enfin d'une douleur permanente est un phénomène reproductible. L'inconfort apparaît après environ 30 minutes, la douleur intermittente après 60 à 80 minutes et la douleur permanente après 100 à 120 minutes. Hors, un grand nombre de femmes doivent rester debout et marcher avec des chaussures à talons hauts pendant un temps qui est bien plus long qu'une demi-heure ou une heure. La plupart des femmes subissent ainsi régulièrement d'abord un inconfort et puis des douleurs aux pieds. Plusieurs inventeurs ont cherché des solutions techniques pour améliorer le confort et pour réduire les douleurs des chaussures à talons hauts. Nous citons les brevets et demandes de brevets suivants:We performed systematic measurements that show that for a woman of average weight (58 kg) who wears known shoes with high heels of 10 cm, the appearance of discomfort, then of intermittent pain and finally of permanent pain is a reproducible phenomenon. The discomfort appears after about 30 minutes, the intermittent pain after 60 to 80 minutes and the permanent pain after 100 to 120 minutes. Off, a large number of women have to stand and walk with high-heeled shoes for a time that is much longer than half an hour or an hour. Most women experience regular discomfort and then pain in their feet. Several inventors have sought technical solutions to improve comfort and reduce the pain of high-heeled shoes. We cite the following patents and patent applications:
Brevet
Brevet
Demande de brevet
Demande de brevet
Demande de brevet
Demande de brevet
La demande de brevet
Demande de brevet
La présente invention concerne des chaussures à talons moyens ou hauts qui permettent d'éviter tous les inconvénients des chaussures décrites dans les brevets et demandes de brevets citées ci-haut. Les chaussures selon la présente invention visent les avantages suivants:
- (1) Debout et en marche, empêcher que l'avant pied est poussé en avant et se coince dans l'empeigne. Cela pour éviter une mauvaise circulation sanguine et puis des douleurs.
- (2) Debout et en marche, éviter une compression répétitive et à terme une déformation des orteils.
- (3) En marche, réduire le mouvement de va et viens de l'avant pied dans l'empeigne. Cela pour éviter une friction à répétition, des douleurs, des lésions de la peau et des cloques aux surfaces de contact.
- (4) En marche, réduire les mouvements de va et viens de la plante du pied sur la semelle de propreté. Cela pour éviter la surchauffe par friction de la peau, notamment sous les têtes des métatarses et ensuite l'apparition de callosités.
- (5) Debout et en marche, réduire la pression qui pèse sur les têtes des métatarses en distribuant le poids sur une plus grande surface de contact. Auxiliairement réduire également la pression qui pèse par moments sur le talon et sur les orteils.
- (6) En marche sur sol dur, atténuer les chocs reçus par les têtes des métatarses qui sont propagés à travers les os du pied et de la jambe vers les articulations des genoux, des hanches et de la colonne vertébrale.
- (7) Assurer au pied dans la chaussure une stabilité latérale adéquate. Permettre en même temps à l'avant pied de légers mouvements latéraux, nécessaires à un sentiment de confort.
- (8) Assurer que la chaussure peut être portée confortablement pied nus ou avec des chaussettes ou des bas plus ou moins glissants.
- (9) Permettre l'intégration d'une semelle de propreté avec des propriétés spéciales, telles qu'une évacuation rapide de la sueur, un effet antibactérien, etc.
- (10) Permettre au pied d'entrer dans la chaussure et d'en sortir aussi facilement qu'avec une chaussure usuelle.
- (11) Permettre la réalisation de chaussures à talons moyens ou hauts de tout type, avec des empeignes fermées, ouvertes ou à lanières, avec une tige basse ou haute ou encore avec une semelle compensée.
- (12) Permettre la réalisation de chaque type de chaussure dans une forme d'exécution élégante.
- (13) Garder les propriétés de confort amélioré pendant toute la durée d'utilisation des chaussures.
- (14) Réalisable également avec des semelles à insertion et des supports adhésifs
- (15) Au cas où cela était désiré, permettre la combinaison des chaussures avec une ou plusieurs des inventions selon d'autres demandes de brevets ou brevets.
- (1) Standing and running, prevent the forefoot from being pushed forward and getting stuck in the upper. This to prevent poor blood circulation and then pain.
- (2) Standing and running, avoid repetitive compression and eventually deformity of the toes.
- (3) When running, reduce the movement of the forefoot in and out of the upper. This is to avoid repetitive friction, pain, skin lesions and blisters on the contact surfaces.
- (4) While walking, reduce the movements of the toe and back of the sole on the insole. This to prevent overheating by friction of the skin, especially under the heads of the metatarsals and then the appearance of calluses.
- (5) Standing and running, reduce the pressure on the heads of the metatarsals by distributing the weight over a larger surface area. Auxiliary also reduce the pressure that weighs at times on the heel and on the toes.
- (6) When walking on hard ground, mitigate shocks received by metatarsal heads that are spread through the bones of the foot and leg to the joints of the knees, hips and spine.
- (7) Ensure the foot in the shoe has adequate lateral stability. At the same time allow the forefoot slight lateral movements, necessary for a feeling of comfort.
- (8) Ensure that the shoe can be comfortably worn barefoot or with more or less slippery socks or socks.
- (9) Allow the integration of a sockliner with special properties, such as quick sweat evacuation, antibacterial effect, etc.
- (10) Allow the foot to enter and exit the shoe as easily as with a standard shoe.
- (11) Permitting the production of medium or high heels of any type, with closed, open or straped upper, with a low or high upper or with a compensated sole.
- (12) Allow the realization of each type of shoe in an elegant form of execution.
- (13) Keep the properties of comfort improved for the duration of use of the shoes.
- (14) Also usable with inserts and adhesive mounts
- (15) In case this was desired, allow the combination of the shoes with one or more of the inventions according to other patent applications or patents.
Il est connu que, dans une chaussure à talon haut, l'avant pied est poussé vers le bas et vers l'avant. La poussée vers le bas provient du poids de la personne. La poussée vers l'avant provient de la pente inclinée vers l'avant qui se trouve sous l'arc et sous le talon du pied. Cette poussée est à l'origine de pratiquement tous les désavantages des chaussures à talons hauts connus. Pour atteindre les 15 avantages cités ci-haut il faut donc en premier lieu neutraliser cette poussée horizontale. Nous obtenons, pour une chaussure à talon mi-haut ou haut, une neutralisation de la poussée vers l'avant à l'aide d'un semelage innovateur. Ce semelage selon l'invention est muni d'une colline transversale. La colline transversale est orientée faiblement obliquement de sorte à se trouver juste derrière les orteils et devant les têtes des cinq métatarses. Elle doit être fixée solidement sur le semelage. La colline transversale est soit présente en permanence soit saillit seulement lors de la déformation élastique du semelage sous le poids du pied. On obtient dans les deux cas une pente inclinée vers l'arrière de la chaussure sur laquelle buttent les têtes des métatarses qui se trouvent juste derrière. La pente les retient et empêche ainsi le pied de glisser vers avant. Il est nécessaire que la colline transversale présente une hauteur et une inclinaison de ses pentes appropriées. La colline transversale est faite en un matériau élastique ou viscoélastique qui est peu compressible. Sa résistance élastique doit être suffisamment faible pour que elle se déforme sous la poussée vers l'avant des têtes des métatarses. Elle amorti ainsi les chocs subits par le pied lors de la marche sur sol dur tout en revenant chaque fois à sa forme originale. En même temps la résistance élastique de la colline transversale doit rester suffisamment élevée pour transmettre la dite poussée vers l'avant au semelage et pour revenir chaque fois à sa forme originale. L'incompressibilité du matériau fait que le volume de la colline transversale reste constant lorsque elle est déformée par une poussée vers l'avant des têtes des métatarses. Au moment où une indentation locale se forme le matériau produit un bourrelet autour de celle-ci qui augmente l'aire totale de contact et réduit ainsi la pression locale. Un matériau alvéolaire comme la mousse de caoutchouc est fortement compressible; elle est donc moins utile pour réaliser une colline transversale. On utilise des élastomères peu compressibles mais mous d'une dureté Shore 00 scale comprise entre environ 20 et 60. Des matériaux optimaux sont les Technogel™ 125 à 145 de la société Technogel Kônigsee GmbH..It is known that in a high-heeled shoe, the forefoot is pushed down and forward. The push down comes from the weight of the person. The forward thrust is from the sloping forward slope below the bow and under the heel of the foot. This thrust is at the root of virtually all the disadvantages of known high-heeled shoes. To achieve the 15 advantages mentioned above must first neutralize this horizontal thrust. We For a mid-high or high heel boot, neutralize forward thrust with innovative sole. This assembly according to the invention is provided with a transverse hill. The transverse hill is oriented weakly obliquely so as to be just behind the toes and in front of the heads of the five metatarsals. It must be firmly attached to the sole. The transverse hill is either permanently present or protrudes only during the elastic deformation of the sole under the weight of the foot. In both cases, we obtain a sloping slope towards the rear of the shoe on which the heads of the metatarsals just behind are butted. The slope holds them down and thus prevents the foot from sliding forward. It is necessary that the transverse hill has a height and inclination of its appropriate slopes. The transverse hill is made of an elastic or viscoelastic material which is not very compressible. Its elastic resistance must be sufficiently weak to deform under the forward thrust of the metatarsal heads. It cushioned the sudden shocks of the foot when walking on hard ground while returning each time to its original form. At the same time the elastic resistance of the transverse hill must remain high enough to transmit the said thrust forwards to the sole and to return each time to its original form. The incompressibility of the material means that the volume of the transverse hill remains constant when it is deformed by a forward thrust of the metatarsal heads. At the moment when a local indentation is formed the material produces a bead around it which increases the total contact area and thus reduces the local pressure. A cellular material such as rubber foam is highly compressible; it is therefore less useful for making a transverse hill. Soft compressible but soft elastomers with Shore 00 scale hardness of between about 20 and 60 are used. Optimum materials are Technogel ™ 125 to 145 from Technogel Konigsee GmbH.
Derrière la colline transversale, donc sous les têtes des métatarses la chaussure selon l'invention comprend avantageusement un coussin médian. Il est de forme approximativement rectangulaire ou rhomboïdale et doit être fixée solidement sur le semelage. Son épaisseur diminue vers le bord arrière. Le coussin médian est également constitué d'un matériau élastique ou viscoélastique peu compressible, mais il est plus mou que celui de la colline transversale. Le coussin médian supporte une majeure partie du poids de la personne. Il se déforme localement sous la pression verticale exercée par les têtes des métatarses. L'incompressibilité du matériau fait que son volume reste constant lorsque il est déformé par ce poids. Les aires de contact des têtes des métatarses sont ainsi augmentées et la pression locale réduite. Le coussin médian supporte également des forces de cisaillement. Lorsqu'on marche, il se déforme à chaque pas de manière viscoélastique et amortit ainsi les chocs mécaniques provenant du contact de la chaussure au sol. Dans une variante d'exécution parfois avantageuse le coussin médian est rallongé pour couvrir également la partie arrière du semelage, le faux plat du talon inclus. Alternativement on peut fixer de manière connue un coussin séparé dans une cuvette dans le faux plat du talon, au dessous du calcanéum. Ces variantes d'exécution avec une surface souple supplémentaire à l'arrière de la chaussure sont avantageuses pour des utilisatrices qui restent debout des demi-journées entières.Behind the transverse hill, therefore under the heads of the metatarsals the boot according to the invention advantageously comprises a median cushion. It is approximately rectangular or rhomboidal in shape and must be firmly attached to the sole. Its thickness decreases towards the back edge. The median cushion is also made of a resilient material or viscoelastic little compressible, but it is softer than that of the transverse hill. The middle cushion supports most of the weight of the person. It is deformed locally under the vertical pressure exerted by the heads of the metatarsals. The incompressibility of the material means that its volume remains constant when it is deformed by this weight. The contact areas of the metatarsal heads are thus increased and the local pressure reduced. The median cushion also supports shear forces. When walking, it deforms at each step in a viscoelastic manner and thus damps the mechanical shocks coming from the contact of the shoe on the ground. In an alternative embodiment sometimes advantageous the median cushion is extended to also cover the rear part of the sole, the false flat heel included. Alternatively one can fix in a known manner a separate cushion in a bowl in the false flat heel, below the calcaneus. These alternative embodiments with an additional flexible surface at the back of the shoe are advantageous for users who stay upright for half days.
Une forme d'exécution améliorée de la chaussure à talons hauts selon l'invention possède en plus un coussin avant de forme approximativement semi-lunaire. Il est placé et fixé à l'avant de la colline transversale, donc au dessous des doigts du pied. Lorsqu'on marche une brève impulsion de pression est transmise à chaque pas entre les orteils et le semelage. Le coussin avant augmente les aires de contact entre les orteils et le semelage. Il diminue ainsi la pression locale et aide à l'immobilisation du pied. Il évite en plus une mauvaise circulation du sang et rend la chaussure selon l'invention encore plus confortable.An improved embodiment of the high-heeled shoe according to the invention also has a front cushion of approximately semi-lunar shape. It is placed and fixed at the front of the transverse hill, so below the toes of the foot. When walking a brief pulse of pressure is transmitted at each step between the toes and the sole. The front cushion increases the contact areas between the toes and the sole. It decreases the local pressure and helps immobilize the foot. It also avoids a poor circulation of blood and makes the shoe according to the invention even more comfortable.
Les coussins médians et avants peuvent être réalisés de différentes manières. Dans la forme d'exécution préférée les coussins ont une enveloppe préformée, flexible, étanche et résistante à la traction mécanique qui enferme un gel viscoélastique, un liquide visqueux, une suspension ou un granulé. De tels coussins sont déformables mais peu compressibles. Lorsqu'une force locale est exercée par le pied, ils cèdent progressivement tout en gardant le même volume. Ils reprennent leur forme originale dès que la force locale est enlevée. Dans une enveloppe préformée et flexible un gel viscoélastique ou un granulé ne peut se déplacer que sur une faible distance. De tels coussins sont préférés car ils assurent une stabilité latérale et longitudinale à un pied qui repose sur leur surface. Une utilisatrice peut lever l'autre pied sans perdre l'équilibre et mieux marcher sur sol irrégulier. En plus, de tels coussins résistent aux forces de cisaillement qui proviennent de la poussée vers l'avant du pied et les transmettent au semelage. Enfin lorsque de tels coussins se déchirent accidentellement ou par usure, il n'y a pas de liquide qui s'écoule.The middle and front cushions can be made in different ways. In the preferred embodiment, the cushions have a preformed, flexible, watertight and mechanically tensile envelope which encloses a viscoelastic gel, a viscous liquid, a suspension or a granule. Such cushions are deformable but not very compressible. When a local force is exerted by the foot, they yield progressively while keeping the same volume. They resume their original form as soon as the local force is removed. In a preformed and flexible envelope, a viscoelastic gel or granule can only move a short distance. Such cushions are preferred because they provide lateral and longitudinal stability to a foot that rests on their surface. A user may lift the other foot without losing balance and walking on uneven ground. In addition, such cushions resist the shear forces that come from the forward thrust of the foot and transmit them to the sole. Finally, when such cushions accidentally tear or wear, there is no liquid flowing.
Dans une forme d'exécution alternative les coussins ont également une enveloppe souple, étanche et résistante à la traction mais ils sont remplis avec un liquide ou une suspension de viscosité élevée. Cette forme d'exécution permet au contenu de se déplacer transversalement et longitudinalement d'un bord du coussin à l'autre. L'inconvénient de cette forme d'exécution est une moins bonne stabilité du pied. On pourrait prévoir deux coussins médians, un premier pour supporter la tête du métatarse du grand orteil et un deuxième pour supporter les têtes des autres métatarses. Une autre forme d'exécution des coussins utilise une enveloppe préformée, poreuse, flexible et résistante à la traction mécanique qui est remplie d'un granulé. De tels coussins laissent passer la sueur qui est évacuée sur l'entière surface de la plante des pieds. Des chaussures munis de tels coussins sont avantageux notamment dans les climats chauds. Dans une forme d'exécution parfois avantageuse le coussin médian avec son enveloppe résistant à la traction mécanique est muni d'un renforcement, par exemple d'une plaquette en dessous ou d'une bague ou d'un cadre autour. Un tel renforcement permet de reprendre la force de cisaillement exercée par le pied sur la surface supérieure de l'enveloppe. Il devient possible de mieux attacher le coussin au semelage.In an alternative embodiment the cushions also have a flexible, tight and tensile-resistant casing but they are filled with a liquid or suspension of high viscosity. This embodiment allows the contents to move transversely and longitudinally from one edge of the cushion to the other. The disadvantage of this embodiment is a less good stability of the foot. Two median cushions could be provided, one to support the metatarsal head of the big toe and a second to support the heads of the other metatarsals. Another embodiment of the cushions utilizes a preformed, porous, flexible, and mechanical tensile shell that is filled with a granule. Such cushions allow sweat to escape through the entire surface of the soles of the feet. Shoes with such cushions are advantageous especially in warm climates. In a sometimes advantageous embodiment the median cushion with its mechanical tensile envelope is provided with a reinforcement, for example a plate below or a ring or a frame around. Such reinforcement makes it possible to take up the shear force exerted by the foot on the upper surface of the envelope. It becomes possible to better attach the cushion to the sole.
Dans une forme d'exécution utile notamment pour des chaussures à empeigne ouverte, la colline transversale, faite en un matériau viscoélastique, est saillante en permanence par rapport à l'avant du semelage. Sans coussins une telle forme d'exécution permet de bien retenir la poussée vers l'avant du pied tant que le talon est mi-haut. Cette forme d'exécution est utile notamment pour réaliser des supports adhésifs selon l'invention. On prévoit alors une colline transversale muni d'un renforcement pour pouvoir attacher ce support adhésif de manière réversible sur le semelage. Utilisé ensemble avec un coussin médian et avant, une colline transversale saillante, fixée en permanence sur le semelage, permet de retenir la poussée du pied même lorsque le talon est haut.In a useful embodiment especially for shoes with open upper, the transverse hill, made of a viscoelastic material, is protruding permanently relative to the front of the sole. Without cushions, such an embodiment makes it possible to retain the forward thrust of the foot as long as the heel is mid-high. This embodiment is particularly useful for producing adhesive media according to the invention. A transverse hill provided with a reinforcement is then provided to be able to attach this adhesive support in a reversible manner to the sole assembly. Used together with a medial cushion and front, a protruding transverse hill, permanently attached to the sole, allows to retain the foot pressure even when the heel is high.
Dans une forme d'exécution utile notamment pour des chaussures à empeigne fermée on utilise une colline transversale, un coussin médian et un coussin avant qui ont tous les trois la même épaisseur. Lorsque la chaussure est vide, toute la surface avant du semelage est alors pratiquement plate. On obtient ainsi l'avantage de pouvoir plus facilement mettre et ôter de tels chaussures fermées. Il suffit de décharger le pied du poids corporel lorsqu'on le glisse dans la chaussure et de même quand on le ressort. La colline transversale ne saillit que lorsque le coussin médian est chargée avec le poids corporel. Il cède alors de manière élastique sous la pression des têtes des métatarses. La colline transversale, plus rigide et moins sollicitée en pression que le coussin médian, ne se déforme presque pas. Elle remplit alors l'espace qui se trouve à la racine des orteils et forme une buttée qui empêche le pied de glisser vers l'avant. La colline transversale, ensemble avec le coussin médian sollicité par le poids de l'avant-pied, forme ainsi une structure qui retient une partie majeure de la poussée vers l'avant des têtes des métatarses.In a useful embodiment especially for shoes with closed upper is used a transverse hill, a middle cushion and a front cushion which all have the same thickness. When the shoe is empty, the entire front surface of the sole is then practically flat. This gives the advantage of being able to more easily put on and take off such closed shoes. It is enough to unload the foot of the body weight when one slips it in the shoe and likewise when one leaves it. The transverse hill only protrudes when the median cushion is loaded with body weight. It then yields elastically under the pressure of the metatarsal heads. The transverse hill, more rigid and less stressed in pressure than the median cushion, hardly deforms. It fills the space at the root of the toes and forms a stop that prevents the foot from sliding forward. The transverse hill, together with the medial cushion solicited by the weight of the forefoot, thus forms a structure that retains a major part of the forward thrust of the metatarsal heads.
La partie avant du semelage d'une chaussure à talon haut usuelle est pratiquement plate et proche de l'horizontale. Dans cette partie le dimensionnement des éléments selon l'invention doit, pour chaque pointure, correspondre à la forme anatomique d'un pied moyen correspondant. Il faut donc choisir chaque fois les dimensions optimales pour la colline transversale et les coussins. Les dimensions pour une chaussure de pointure moyenne 38 avec un talon haut entre 5 et 10 cm sont les suivantes: Le coussin avant mesure environ 4 cm et la colline transversale environ 2,3 cm en longueur de la chaussure. Le coussin médian a une épaisseur constante sur une longueur d'environ 4,2 cm et une épaisseur progressivement diminuée sur une longueur additionnelle d'environ 2,0 cm. Il reste une semelle supérieure non recouverte du coussin médian qui mesure encore environ 11,2 cm en longueur jusqu'à l'arrière du talon.The front part of the sole of a high-heeled shoe is practically flat and close to the horizontal. In this part the dimensioning of the elements according to the invention must, for each size, correspond to the anatomical shape of a corresponding average foot. The optimum dimensions for the transverse hill and the cushions must be chosen each time. The dimensions for a medium shoe size 38 with a high heel between 5 and 10 cm are as follows: The front cushion measures approximately 4 cm and the transverse hill approximately 2.3 cm in length of the shoe. The median cushion has a constant thickness over a length of about 4.2 cm and a gradually decreased thickness over an additional length of about 2.0 cm. There remains an upper sole not covered with the medial cushion which is still about 11.2 cm in length to the back of the heel.
Il est avantageux de coller sur toute la longueur du semelage, donc sur le coussin avant, la colline transversale, le coussin médian, la région de l'arc et la région du talon une semelle de propreté flexible et résistante à la traction. Selon l'invention la pente arrière de la colline transversale forme une buttée qui retient une partie importante de la poussée du pied vers l'avant. La partie restante de la poussée du pied vers l'avant doit être retenue par la force de cisaillement entre la plante du pied et la semelle de propreté. Pour cette raison la semelle de propreté doit présenter, sur sa surface supérieure, un coefficient de friction moyen. Il est avantageux que le coefficient de friction ait une valeur moyenne. Avec un coefficient de friction faible la poussé du pied vers l'avant ne serait pas entièrement retenue et le pied pourrait glisser au dessus de la colline transversale. Avec un coefficient de friction très élevé par contre il deviendrait difficile de chausser et d'ôter la chaussure. Pour éviter que la semelle de propreté puisse glisser progressivement vers l'avant elle doit être collée de préférence sur toute sa surface inférieure. Il est parfois avantageux, d'intercaler un filet de fibres résistantes à la traction lors du collage de la semelle de propreté. Une forme de réalisation avantageuse prévoit une semelle de propreté hydrophile qui est structurée en surface et/ou poreuse en volume. Fabriquée en textile tissé ou non tissé ou en cuir elle permet de diffuser l'humidité latéralement de sorte à évacuer la sueur provenant de la plante des pieds. Une telle semelle aérée est utile par temps chaud et humide et aussi lorsque le poids corporel de la porteuse est élevé.It is advantageous to glue along the entire length of the sole, so on the front cushion, the transverse hill, the median cushion, the arc region and the heel region a flexible and traction-resistant insole. According to the invention the rear slope of the transverse hill forms a stop which retains a significant part of the thrust of the foot forward. The remaining part of the forward foot thrust must be held by the shear force between the sole of the foot and the sockliner. For this reason the sockliner must have, on its upper surface, a coefficient of average friction. It is advantageous that the coefficient of friction has a mean value. With a low coefficient of friction the push of the foot forward would not be fully restrained and the foot could slide over the transverse hill. With a very high coefficient of friction against it would become difficult to put on and take off the shoe. To prevent the sockliner from sliding forward gradually it should preferably be glued all over its lower surface. It is sometimes advantageous to interpose a net of tensile resistant fibers during the bonding of the insole. An advantageous embodiment provides a hydrophilic insole that is surface-structured and / or porous in volume. Made of woven or non-woven fabric or leather, it spreads moisture sideways to remove sweat from the soles of the feet. Such an airy outsole is useful in hot, humid weather and also when the body weight of the carrier is high.
Avec des chaussures à talon haut selon l'invention on obtient l'avantage majeur de supprimer les mouvements de va et viens longitudinaux du pied lorsqu'on marche. Le pied est retenu et ne se coince plus à chaque pas entre la partie avant du semelage et l'empeigne. On évite ainsi la friction à répétition du pied sur l'empeigne qui cause des écorchures de la peau. On obtient également l'avantage que l'avant-pied reste libre pour effectuer des petits mouvements latéraux. Debout et en marche, la circulation sanguine dans l'avant-pied reste toujours bonne et on ne se sent jamais à l'étroit. En marche le mouvement de va et vient du pied qui crée la chaleur de friction entre les têtes des métatarses et le semelage est pratiquement éliminée. La plante du pied ne chauffe presque plus et sue moins. Sans mouvements de friction, avec une pression réduite et un pied sec, la formation de callosités dures et douloureuses sous la plante du pied est évitée. Le confort des chaussures à talon hauts se trouve fortement amélioré. La chaussure, équipée d'un coussin médian, amortit en plus les chocs verticaux et vers l'avant lors de la marche sur sol dur. Elle protège ainsi les articulations des genoux, des hanches et de la colonne vertébrale.With high heel shoes according to the invention we obtain the major advantage of eliminating the movements of longitudinal back and forth of the foot when walking. The foot is retained and no longer gets stuck at every step between the front part of the sole and the upper. This avoids repetitive friction of the foot on the vamp which causes abrasions of the skin. The advantage is also obtained that the forefoot remains free to perform small lateral movements. Standing up and running, the blood circulation in the forefoot is always good and you never feel cramped. In running the movement back and forth of the foot that creates the heat of friction between the heads of the metatarsals and the sole is virtually eliminated. The sole of the foot hardly heats and sweats less. Without frictional movements, with reduced pressure and a dry foot, the formation of hard and painful callosities under the sole of the foot is avoided. The comfort of high-heeled shoes is greatly improved. The shoe, equipped with a median cushion, also dampens the vertical shocks and forward when walking on hard ground. It protects the joints of the knees, hips and spine.
Lorsqu'on porte des chaussures selon l'invention, la semelle de propreté, le coussin médian, la colline transversale et le coussin avant se déforment de manière réversible sous le poids du corps. Le semelage doit donc être construit de sorte que sa rigidité interne reste adéquate et que les ancrages de l'empeigne, de la tige et du talon restent solides. Dans ces chaussures l'arrière du semelage, l'empeigne, la tige, la semelle d'usure et le talon ne subissent aucune contrainte supplémentaire. Leur durabilité est donc équivalente à celles des chaussures usuelles. En achetant des chaussures les clientes veulent garder la possibilité de faire remplacer la semelle d'usure ou le talon par un cordonnier; ceci reste possible. La semelle de propreté et le pourtour du semelage doivent ressembler à ceux des chaussures usuelles et résister à l'usage. Les stylistes qui dessinent des chaussures selon l'invention peuvent laisser libre cours à leur créativité. Ils peuvent les adapter d'année en année aux changements de la mode de sorte qu'elles restent toujours élégantes et variées.When wearing shoes according to the invention, the insole, the median cushion, the transverse hill and the front cushion are deformed reversibly under the weight of the body. The sole must therefore be constructed so that its internal rigidity remains adequate and that the anchors of the upper, the upper and the heel remain solid. In these shoes the rear of the sole, the upper, the upper, the outsole and the heel do not undergo any additional stress. Their durability is therefore equivalent to that of the usual shoes. By buying shoes, customers want to keep the possibility of replacing the outsole or heel with a shoemaker; this remains possible. The insole and the perimeter of the sole should look like the usual shoes and withstand wear. Stylists who design shoes according to the invention can give free rein to their creativity. They can adapt from year to year to changes in fashion so that they always remain elegant and varied.
Des chaussures à talon mi-haut ou haut selon l'invention peuvent être fermés ou ouverts sur leur pourtour. Les bottes, bottines, escarpins, etc. sont des chaussures fermés. Les mules, sandalettes, etc. sont des chaussures ouvertes sur au moins une partie du pourtour. Lorsque les chaussures selon l'invention sont fermées leur aspect visuel n'est pas modifié par rapport aux chaussures usuelles, sauf que le semelage est plus épais de quelques millimètres. On y loge sans problème la colline transversale et les deux coussins. Lorsque les chaussures sont ouvertes l'aspect visuel du semelage selon l'invention doit être pris en compte. En effet, avec de tels chaussures la colline transversale et les deux coussins deviennent visibles sur les bords ce qui n'est pas satisfaisant du point de vue esthétique. Nous décrivons à titre d'exemple deux formes d'exécution qui offrent une bonne esthétique aux chaussures ouvertes sur le pourtour.Mid-high or high heel shoes according to the invention may be closed or open on their periphery. Boots, boots, pumps, etc. are closed shoes. Mules, sandals, etc. are open shoes on at least a part of the periphery. When the shoes according to the invention are closed their visual appearance is not modified compared to the usual shoes, except that the sole is thicker than a few millimeters. The transverse hill and the two cushions are easily lodged. When the shoes are open the visual aspect of the sole according to the invention must be taken into account. Indeed, with such shoes the transverse hill and the two cushions become visible on the edges which is not satisfactory from the aesthetic point of view. As an example, we describe two forms of execution that offer good aesthetics to open-toed shoes.
Une première forme d'exécution prévoit une semelle de propreté débordante sur son pourtour qui est rabattue et fixée sur les bords du semelage de sorte à cacher la colline transversale et les coussins placés juste en dessous. Dans cette forme d'exécution on assemble c'est à dire colle et/ou coud l'assise plantaire, à savoir la semelle de propreté, la colline transversale et les deux coussins séparément. On assemble séparément la chaussure, c'est à dire le bas du semelage et les éléments de l'empeigne, par exemple des lanières. A la fin on colle l'assise plantaire pré-assemblée dans la chaussure. L'avantage de cette première forme d'exécution est qu'elle permet de faire des assises plantaires selon l'invention à la fois solides, étanches et esthétiquement valables. On les monte en usine ou bien les livre séparément aux magasins de vente sous forme de semelles à insertion à coller sur place.A first embodiment provides an insole flowing over its periphery which is folded and fixed on the edges of the sole so as to hide the transverse hill and cushions placed just below. In this embodiment we assemble that is to say glue and / or stitch the footbed, namely the insole, the transverse hill and the two cushions separately. The shoe is assembled separately, that is to say the bottom of the sole and the elements of the upper, for example straps. At the end we glue the pre-assembled plantar base in the shoe. The advantage of this first embodiment is that it allows to make the footbed according to the invention both solid, waterproof and aesthetically valid. They are mounted at the factory or delivered separately to the retail stores in the form of insert inserts to be glued on site.
Une deuxième forme d'exécution prévoit des chaussures à talons mi-hauts ou hauts avec un semelage muni d'un rebord sur sa partie avant et latérale-avant de sorte à former une ou plusieurs cuvettes. Dans cette ou ces cuvettes on loge la colline transversale et les coussins. Ils sont ainsi à la fois retenus en place et cachés latéralement. Avec un semelage muni d'un rebord il est possible d'intégrer la colline transversale et/ou les coussins directement dans le semelage. Dans cette variante d'exécution la ou les cuvettes doivent être étanches vers le bas. Elles peuvent alors être utilisées comme réceptacles pour des liquides, des suspensions, de préférence des gels viscoélastiques ou encore un granulé mou fluide. On utilise par exemple deux gels viscoélastiques pour un semelage avec trois cuvettes. On remplit la deuxième cuvette, donc la colline transversale, jusqu'au bord avec un gel de dureté viscoélastique moyenne et les deux autres avec un gel plus mou. Alternativement on pose une languette en liège mou pour obtenir la fonction de colline transversale. Dans une autre variante d'exécution plus simple on forme un semelage en polymère avec deux cuvettes et un large rebord latéral transversal entre les deux qui est utilisé directement comme colline transversale. On remplit la cuvette avant et la cuvette médiane avec un gel viscoélastique ou un granulé mou pour obtenir les deux coussins. Après remplissage on recouvre les trois ou les deux cuvettes avec une semelle de propreté flexible, résistante à la traction et ayant de préférence une surface supérieure avec un coefficient de friction moyen. La semelle de propreté doit en plus être étanche au gel et recouvrir chaque cuvette sur son pourtour. Pour la sceller sur les cuvettes on peut appliquer un ruban de soudage sur le rebord. Une autre solution est de revêtir la surface inférieure de la semelle de propreté avec un adhésif approprié et de la coller sur les rebords. La semelle de propreté ainsi fixée renferme le gel de la colline transversale et des deux coussins et forme en même temps la partie supérieure de l'assise plantaire. Les avantages obtenus avec des chaussures selon l'invention munis de rebords dans le semelage sont l'étanchéité et une bonne présentation du point de vue esthétique. Les rebords permettent un remplissage direct des gels viscoélastiques, ce qui réduit le coût de fabrication.A second embodiment provides shoes with mid-high heels or high with a sole provided with a rim on its front and side-front to form one or more bowls. In this or these bowls one houses the transverse hill and the cushions. They are thus both retained in place and hidden laterally. With a sole equipped with a rim it is possible to integrate the transverse hill and / or the cushions directly into the sole. In this embodiment, the bowl or bowls must be watertight downwards. They can then be used as receptacles for liquids, suspensions, preferably viscoelastic gels or a fluid soft granule. For example, two viscoelastic gels are used for an assembly with three cuvettes. The second bowl, the transverse hill, is filled to the brim with a medium viscoelastic hardness gel and the other two with a softer gel. Alternatively, a soft cork tongue is used to obtain the transverse hill function. In another simpler embodiment, a polymer sole is formed with two wells and a wide lateral transverse edge between the two which is used directly as a transverse hill. The front and middle cuvettes are filled with viscoelastic gel or soft granule to obtain both cushions. After filling, the three or both cuvettes are covered with a flexible, traction-resistant, flexible insole preferably having an upper surface with an average coefficient of friction. In addition, the insole must be frost-proof and cover each bowl around its circumference. To seal it on the cuvettes one can apply a welding tape on the rim. Another solution is to coat the bottom surface of the sockliner with a suitable adhesive and glue it to the edges. The insole thus fixed contains the gel of the transverse hill and the two cushions and at the same time forms the upper part of the footbed. The advantages obtained with shoes according to the invention provided with flanges in the soleing are sealing and good presentation of the aesthetic point of view. The flanges allow direct filling of the viscoelastic gels, which reduces the manufacturing cost.
On connaît les chaussures à talon mi-haut ou haut dites compensées qui ont une semelle intermédiaire épaisse sur toute la longueur. Les semelles compensées se combinent aisément avec une colline transversale et des coussins. On peut fabriquer des chaussures compensées selon l'invention dans toutes les formes d'exécution décrites ci-haut. L'avantage principal des chaussures compensées selon l'invention est un gain maximal en hauteur en combinaison avec un confort debout et en marche élevé. Ces chaussures permettent aux femmes de petite taille, lorsqu'elles s'adressent à d'autres personnes, de les regarder sans trop devoir lever la tête vers le haut. Les chaussures compensées à talon mi-haut ou haut sont par ailleurs durables et agréables à porter, même lorsque le sol est trempé d'eau ou qu'il fait froid.We know the so-called mid-high or high heel shoes that have a thick midsole throughout the length. Wedge soles easily combine with a transverse hill and cushions. It is possible to manufacture compensated shoes according to the invention in all the embodiments described above. The main advantage of the compensated shoes according to the invention is a maximum height gain in combination with standing comfort and high running. These shoes allow small women, when addressing other people, to look at them without having to look up. Mid-high or high heeled wedge shoes are also durable and comfortable to wear, even when the floor is soaked in water or cold.
Pour identifier les chaussures selon l'invention par une décoration, une marque et/ou un logo on peut y placer un dessin distinctif. On le appose avantageusement sur la partie visible de la semelle de propreté ou bien à un endroit protégé de la semelle d'usure. On utilise des techniques connues de coloration dans la masse, d'impression en surface, d'estampage, etc. sur un polymère, cuir, tissus, etc. L'avantage d'un dessin distinctif est la reconnaissance rapide des chaussures, des semelles à insertion, des coussins médians, des supports adhésifs et des directement des collines transversales selon l'invention. On facilite ainsi le marketing et le travail du personnel dans les magasins de vente. On permet en même temps à la clientèle de reconnaître et de s'identifier au mieux avec les chaussures selon l'invention.To identify the shoes according to the invention by a decoration, a mark and / or a logo can be placed a distinctive drawing. It is affixed advantageously on the visible part of the insole or in a protected area of the outsole. Known techniques of bulk dyeing, surface printing, stamping, etc. are used. on a polymer, leather, fabrics, etc. The advantage of a distinctive design is the rapid recognition of shoes, inserts, middle pads, adhesive mounts and straight transverse hills according to the invention. This facilitates the marketing and the work of the staff in the stores. At the same time, the customer is allowed to recognize and identify with the shoes according to the invention.
Nous décrivons, à titre d'exemples, quatre voies pour fabriquer, distribuer et vendre des chaussures, des semelles à insertion, des coussins médians et/ou des supports adhésifs selon l'invention. Dans la première voie les chaussures sont entièrement assemblées en usine et les clientes achètent le produit fini. Dans la deuxième voie les clientes achètent aux magasin des paires de chaussures et chaque fois une ou plusieurs paires de semelles à insertion. Dans la troisième voie les clientes achètent des paires de chaussures et en plus une ou plusieurs paires de coussins médians. Dans la quatrième voie les clientes achètent des paires de supports adhésifs à coller ensuite sur des chaussures usuelles.As examples, we describe four routes for manufacturing, distributing and selling shoes, inserts, middle pads and / or adhesive mounts according to the invention. In the first lane the shoes are fully assembled in the factory and the customers buy the finished product. In the second lane, clients buy pairs of shoes from the store and each time one or more pairs of insoles. In the third way, clients buy pairs of shoes and in addition one or more pairs of median cushions. In the fourth lane, customers buy pairs of adhesive mounts to stick on conventional shoes.
La première voie passe par l'assemblage, donc le collage, le soudage, etc. définitif de la colline transversale, du ou des coussins et de la semelle de propreté lors de la fabrication de la chaussure. Cette voie d'assemblage reste proche des méthodes usuelles. La différence principale est qu'on monte d'abord la colline transversale et les coussins sur la première de montage. Ensuite on assemble l'empeigne à l'aide d'une forme qui est la même que pour des chaussures usuelles. Ont peut également assembler d'abord la chaussure sur la première de montage de manière usuelle. On choisit dans ce cas une forme ayant une hauteur supplémentaire de quelques millimètres pour tenir compte de l'épaisseur de l'assise plantaire selon l'invention. On coud, colle et/ou moule la semelle extérieure et/ou d'usure ainsi que le talon mi-haut ou haut. A la fin on glisse et colle l'assise plantaire selon l'invention à l'intérieur de la chaussure pré-assemblée. Les avantages de la première voie sont des coûts de fabrication, de distribution et de vente réduits. Les chaussures conviennent surtout aux personnes qui, par rapport à la taille de leurs pieds, ont un poids corporel moyen. Du point de vue du design cette première voie est avantageuse aussi, car elle permet de réaliser des chaussures qui laissent toute la liberté aux stylistes.The first way goes through assembly, so gluing, welding, etc. definitive of the transverse hill, cushion (s) and sockliner during the manufacture of the shoe. This assembly route remains close to the usual methods. The main difference is that you first climb the hill and the cushions on the first mount. Then we assemble the upper using a shape that is the same as for usual shoes. You can also first assemble the shoe on the first mounting in the usual way. In this case, a shape having an additional height of a few millimeters is chosen to take into account the thickness of the footbed according to the invention. Sew, glue and / or mold the outsole and / or wear and the mid-high heel or high. At the end we slide and glue the footbed according to the invention inside pre-assembled shoe. The benefits of the first track are lower manufacturing, distribution and sales costs. The shoes are especially suitable for people who, in relation to the size of their feet, have an average body weight. From the point of view of design this first way is also advantageous because it allows to make shoes that leave all the freedom to the stylists.
La deuxième voie passe par la fabrication en usine des chaussures et séparément des semelles à insertion. L'assemblage des chaussures suivant la deuxième voie ressemble celle de la première voie. On utilise toujours une forme avec une hauteur supplémentaire de par exemple 5 à 10 millimètres. La différence est que la semelle selon l'invention est mise en place plus tard, lors de la vente au magasin. Les chaussures comprennent un semelage, un talon haut et une empeigne. Selon la forme d'exécution les semelles à insertion tiennent par leur forme ou à l'aide d'une feuille adhésive. La voûte de l'empeigne est formée plus haute de sorte que l'on peut fixer la semelle à insertion dans les magasins de vente sans que le pied soit à l'étroit. Les semelles à insertion, qui sont des assises plantaires, sont assemblées en usine. Elles comprennent un coussin avant, une colline transversale et un coussin médian qui sont fixés bout à bout. Ces parties sont attachées à une semelle de propreté qui résiste à la traction et ainsi à la force qui pousse la colline transversale vers l'avant. Elles sont complétées par une seconde semelle fixée en dessous qui est recouverte, selon la forme d'exécution, d'une feuille adhésive ou d'un Velcro ™. Toutes les parties sont assemblées de sorte à ce qu'il n'y a pas de fentes latérales dans lesquelles l'eau ou la poussière peut s'introduire. L'usine livre aux magasins de vente une gamme de chaussures dans des styles, des couleurs et des pointures différentes. Les semelles à insertion sont livrées en différentes pointures. On livre pour chaque pointure des semelles pour, par exemple, trois poids corporels différents: Une semelle pour les personnes d'un poids léger, une pour les poids moyens et une pour les poids élevés. Ces trois types de semelles à insertion incorporent des collines transversales et des coussins avec des propriétés viscoélastiques chaque fois adaptées. Lorsqu'une semelle à insertion est logée dans une chaussure elle adhère ou s'accroche au semelage sur une grande surface. La force de cisaillement que le semelage doit retenir reste ainsi faible par unité de surface. La semelle ne risque donc pas de se déplacer sous l'effet de la force des têtes des métatarses qui la poussent vers l'avant. La fixation de la semelle à insertion est de préférence réversible afin de permettre son remplacement au magasin ou chez soi au cas où elle s'use plus rapidement que la chaussure. Un premier avantage de cette deuxième voie concerne le procédé de fabrication. Il est pratiquement identique à celui pour les chaussures à talon mi-haut ou haut usuelles. Il suffit que la voûte de l'empeigne soit plus haute de quelques millimètres. Un deuxième avantage est qu'on peut servir au mieux les clientes qui ont un poids corporel hors de la moyenne. Il faut pour cela avoir en stock, pour chaque pointure, par exemple trois types de semelles à insertion différentes. Un troisième avantage apparaît dans des pays chauds et humides. Il est alors possible aux clientes d'acheter plusieurs paires de semelles à insertion pour une seule paire de chaussures et de les remplacer dès que cela devient nécessaire.The second way involves the manufacture of shoes in the factory and insole soles separately. The shoe assembly along the second lane resembles that of the first lane. A shape with an additional height of, for example, 5 to 10 millimeters is always used. The difference is that the sole according to the invention is set up later, at the store sale. The shoes include a sole, a high heel and a vamp. According to the embodiment of the insert insoles hold their shape or using an adhesive sheet. The arch of the upper is formed higher so that the insole can be attached to the stores without the foot being cramped. Insertion soles, which are plantar bases, are assembled at the factory. They include a front cushion, a transverse hill and a medial cushion that are attached end to end. These parts are attached to a sockliner that resists traction and thus to the force that pushes the transverse hill forward. They are supplemented by a second sole attached below which is covered, according to the embodiment, an adhesive sheet or a Velcro ™. All parts are assembled so that there are no side slits into which water or dust can enter. The factory delivers to sales stores a range of shoes in different styles, colors and sizes. The insoles are delivered in different sizes. For each size, soles are provided for, for example, three different body weights: One sole for people with a light weight, one for the average weight and one for the high weight. These three types of insert insoles incorporate transverse hills and cushions with viscoelastic properties each time adapted. When an insole is housed in a shoe it adheres or clings to the sole on a large surface. The shearing force that the sole must retain is thus low per unit area. The sole is not likely to move under the effect of the force of the heads of the metatarsals that push it forward. Fixing the insole is preferably reversible to allow its replacement at the store or at home in case it wears faster than the shoe. A first advantage of this second route concerns the manufacturing process. It is virtually identical to that for mid-high or high heel shoes. It is sufficient that the vault of the upper is a few millimeters higher. A second benefit is that we can best serve clients who have an average body weight. This requires having in stock, for each size, for example three types of insoles different insertion. A third advantage appears in hot, humid countries. It is then possible for clients to purchase multiple pairs of insoles for a single pair of shoes and replace them as soon as it becomes necessary.
La troisième voie passe par la fabrication de chaussures à talon haut ou mi-haut avec un coussin avant et une colline transversale incorporée. A la place du coussin médian ils ont une cuvette vide dans le semelage. Elle est munie d'un élément qui assure la fixation du coussin médian par sa forme, par adhésion, par Velcro™ ou autrement. L'assemblage de ces chaussures est facilité par l'insertion d'un coussin médian temporaire. On place ensuite la forme et monte la tige et l'empeigne. A la fin de l'assemblage on enlève la forme et le coussin médian temporaire. On crée ainsi une cuvette dans la chaussure dont les dimensions sont contrôlées. Le coussin médian définitif selon l'invention est mis en place plus tard au magasin de vente. L'usine fabrique également des coussins médians détachés pour le nombre de pointures requis et, par exemple, chaque fois en trois duretés viscoélastiques différentes: Des coussins mous pour des personnes d'un poids léger, des coussins moyens pour des poids moyens et des coussins durs pour des poids corporels élevés. Les coussins médians détachés sont avantageusement munis d'un renforcement qui permet leur fixation sur la contre pièce dans la cuvette de la chaussure. La fixation est de préférence réversible, l'utilisatrice peut les insérer et les détacher à volonté au magasin ou chez soi. Les avantages de la troisième voie apparaissent en utilisation par des clientes qui ont un poids corporel au dessus de la moyenne et qui doivent rester debout pendant de longues heures. Elles choisissent pour leurs chaussures à talons hauts des coussins médians qui leur assurent le meilleur confort possible. Les coussins médians sont en général la partie la plus sollicitée. Dès que nécessaire les utilisatrices peuvent détacher les coussins usés et les remplacer par des neufs.The third way is through the manufacture of high-heeled or mid-high shoes with a front cushion and an incorporated transverse hill. In place of the median cushion they have an empty bowl in the sole. It is provided with an element which ensures the attachment of the median cushion by its shape, adhesion, Velcro ™ or otherwise. The assembly of these shoes is facilitated by the insertion of a temporary median cushion. The shape is then placed and the stem and the upper are mounted. At the end of the assembly, remove the shape and the temporary median cushion. This creates a bowl in the shoe whose dimensions are controlled. The final median cushion according to the invention is set up later at the store of sale. The factory also manufactures detached median cushions for the required number of sizes and, for example, each time in three different viscoelastic hardnesses: Soft cushions for light people, medium cushions for middleweights and cushions hard for high body weights. The median cushions detached are advantageously provided with a reinforcement that allows their attachment to the counterpart in the bowl of the shoe. The attachment is preferably reversible, the user can insert and detach at will at the store or at home. The benefits of the third lane appear in use by clients who have above average body weight and have to stand for long hours. They choose for their high-heeled shoes median cushions that ensure the best possible comfort. Median cushions are usually the most requested part. As soon as necessary the users can detach the worn cushions and replace them with new ones.
La quatrième voie passe par la fabrication de supports adhésifs séparées munis de collines transversales. Ces supports adhésifs sont vendus en magasin pour être fixées par les utilisatrices sur leurs chaussures usuelles à talon mi-haut. Un premier avantage de la quatrième voie est que les utilisatrices peuvent améliorer le confort de leurs chaussures usuelles sans faire de grandes dépenses supplémentaires. Un deuxième avantage est qu'elles peuvent accoler les collines transversales exactement à l'endroit qui correspond à la forme de leurs pieds.The fourth way involves the manufacture of separate adhesive media with transverse hills. These adhesive mounts are sold in-store to be fixed by the users on their usual mid-high heeled shoes. A first advantage of the fourth way is that users can improve the comfort of their usual shoes without spending too much extra. A second advantage is that they can join the transverse hills exactly to the place that corresponds to the shape of their feet.
Nous avons étudié du point de vue biomécanique d'abord des chaussures usuelles à talon haut et ensuite des chaussures selon l'invention. Nos calculs et mesures montrent que pour des talons hauts de 10 cm la poussée vers l'avant atteint en moyenne 25% du poids qui pèse sur le pied. Nous considérons une femme de 56 kg, donc d'un poids de 560 N (Newton), qui marche tranquillement. La poussée vers l'avant de ses pieds atteint donc à chaque pas une force de 140 N. Cette force reste la même avec des chaussures usuelles et avec des chaussures selon l'invention. Avec des chaussures usuelles c'est l'empeigne qui retient la partie majeure de la force qui pousse le pied vers l'avant. Cette poussée coince l'avant pied (et les orteils) à chaque pas dans le cône qui est formé entre la partie avant du semelage et l'empeigne. L'angle d'ouverture de ce cône est typiquement de 30°. Dans un tel cône la force qui pousse est doublée. Pour une force du pied vers l'avant de 140 Newton, le pied est donc pressé contre la partie conique avec une force de 280 N environ. La force avec laquelle l'avant du pied est pressé dans une chaussure usuelle vers le haut contre l'empeigne atteint ainsi à chaque pas environ 50% du poids de la personne. La force avec laquelle l'avant du pied est pressé vers le bas, donc contre le semelage, atteint à chaque pas au moins 100% du poids de celle-ci, car il y a la charge d'environ 50% du poids de la personne en plus. Les environ 50% restants du poids de la personne sont supportés par la partie arrière du semelage. Ceci est le cas pour les chaussures usuelles à talon haut et aussi pour les chaussures selon l'invention. En marche, avec des chaussures usuelles, la peau en haut de l'avant-pied d'une femme d'un poids moyen de 56 kg est donc frottée à chaque pas en vas et viens contre l'empeigne avec une force atteignant 280 N. Ceci explique la formation d'une peau boursouflée et de cloques. Avec des chaussures usuelles à lanières les conséquences sont souvent plus graves encore. Alternativement, si la femme reste debout immobile, l'avant des pieds reste enchevillé avec la même force dans l'empeigne. La force de 280 N est distribuée sur une surface d'empeigne de 70 cm2 environ. Ceci équivaut à une pression de 4 N/m2 (0,4 bar). Cette pression suffit pour immobiliser la partie avant du pied et pour bloquer la circulation sanguine. Les conséquences sont des enflures, une perte de sensibilité et des lésions de la peau. Si, pour des raisons de mode, l'avant de la chaussure présente en plus une forme pointue, les orteils sont graduellement déformés. Ceci peut mener, quelques années plus tard, au hallus valgus.From the biomechanical point of view, we have first studied conventional shoes with high heels and then shoes according to the invention. Our calculations and measurements show that for high heels of 10 cm the forward thrust reaches on average 25% of the weight that weighs on the foot. We consider a woman of 56 kg, so of a weight of 560 N (Newton), who walks quietly. The forward thrust of his feet therefore reaches at each step a force of 140 N. This force remains the same with usual shoes and with shoes according to the invention. With usual shoes it is the upper that holds the major part of the force that pushes the foot forward. This thrust wedges the forefoot (and toes) with each step in the cone that is formed between the front part of the sole and the upper. The opening angle of this cone is typically 30 °. In such a cone the pushing force is doubled. For a forward force of 140 Newton, the foot is pressed against the conical part with a force of about 280 N. The force with which the front of the foot is pressed in a usual shoe up against the vamp thus reaches at each step about 50% of the weight of the person. The force with which the forefoot is pressed down, so against the at least 100% of the weight of each step, because there is the load of about 50% of the weight of the person in addition. The remaining 50% of the weight of the person is supported by the rear part of the sole. This is the case for the usual shoes with high heel and also for the shoes according to the invention. On the run, with usual shoes, the skin at the top of the forefoot of a woman with an average weight of 56 kg is rubbed with each step back and forth against the upper with a force up to 280 N This explains the formation of blistered skin and blisters. With usual strappy shoes the consequences are often more serious. Alternatively, if the woman remains standing still, the front of the feet remains entangled with the same force in the upper. The force of 280 N is distributed over a surface area of about 70 cm 2 . This equates to a pressure of 4 N / m 2 (0.4 bar). This pressure is enough to immobilize the front part of the foot and to block the blood circulation. The consequences are swelling, loss of sensitivity and skin lesions. If, for reasons of fashion, the front of the shoe has a more pointed shape, the toes are gradually deformed. This can lead, a few years later, to the hallus valgus.
Nous considérons toujours une chaussure usuelle à talon mi-haut ou haut. En marche, en posant le pied, il glisse sur la semelle de propreté un bout vers avant. Un demi-pas après, sans pression, il glisse de nouveau en arrière. Lors de chaque mouvement vers l'avant, donc à chaque pas, la plante du pied sous les têtes des métatarses est pressée contre le semelage avec une force qui atteint au moins 100% du poids de la personne. Il en résulte un échauffement local de la peau par friction localisée sous les têtes des métatarses et, après un certain temps, l'apparition de callosités. Lorsqu'une femme marche dans des chaussures à talons hauts conventionnelles sur un sol dur, la chaussure reçoit à chaque contact avec le sol deux chocs mécaniques verticaux. Le premier choc, qui est très bref, entre par le talon. On peut l'amortir par des moyens mécaniques d'amortissement du talon qui sont connus. Le deuxième choc entre par la partie avant de la chaussure, d'où il est transmis aux têtes des métatarses. Lors d'une marche normale, la force transmise par ce deuxième choc est environ égale au poids de la porteuse. Dans des chaussures à talons hauts conventionnels ce deuxième choc n'est pratiquement pas amorti. Il se propage alors en ligne droite à travers les os du pied et de la jambe jusqu'à la colonne vertébrale. Il en résulte des douleurs aux genoux et au dos. Notre analyse biomécanique montre que l'on explique sans difficultés toutes les lésion provoquées par des chaussures à talon haut usuelles.We always consider a standard shoe mid-high heel or high. While walking, by putting the foot down, he slips on the insole from one end to the other. Half a step later, without pressure, he slides back again. During each forward movement, so at each step, the sole of the foot under the heads of the metatarsals is pressed against the sole with a force that reaches at least 100% of the weight of the person. This results in a local heating of the skin by localized friction under the heads of the metatarsals and, after a certain time, the appearance of callosities. When a woman walks in conventional high-heeled shoes on a hard floor, the shoe receives each vertical contact with the ground two vertical mechanical shocks. The first shock, which is very brief, enters through the heel. It can be damped by mechanical means of damping of the heel which are known. The second shock enters through the front part of the shoe, from where it is transmitted to the heads of the metatarsals. During normal operation, the force transmitted by this second shock is approximately equal to the weight of the carrier. In conventional high-heeled shoes this second shock is practically not cushioned. It spreads in a straight line through the bones of the foot and leg to the spine. This results in knee and back pain. Our biomechanical analysis shows that we can easily explain all the lesions caused by usual high-heeled shoes.
Avec des chaussures selon l'invention c'est la colline transversale, aidée par les deux coussins, qui retient la partie majeure de la force qui pousse le pied vers l'avant. Nous avons effectué une série d'expériences pour déterminer le bon dimensionnement de la colline transversale, du coussin médian et du coussin avant. Pour déterminer l'épaisseur optimale de la colline transversale et des coussins selon l'invention il y a trois points à prendre en compte. Le premier concerne l'anatomie du pied, le deuxième les forces agissant sur le pied et le troisième le design de la chaussure. A l'aide d'une couche épaisse d'argile nous avons fait des moulages d'un pied placé dans une chaussure ouverte à talon haut. Ces essais ont montré que les têtes des métatarses creusent une vallée profonde de 15 à 20 mm de sorte à former une colline transversale naturelle juste devant, donc à la racine des orteils qui remontent. A l'arrière des têtes des métatarses (donc au dessous de l'arc) on trouve, comme pour toutes les chaussures à talon hauts, la pente qui monte vers le talon. Une telle colline transversale naturelle retient parfaitement la poussée vers l'avant du pied. Néanmoins, pour des raisons d'esthétique et de design une colline haute de 15 à 20 mm n'est pas souhaitable. Nous avons effectuées par la suite une série d'essais qui démontrent les cinq points suivants:
- (1) Une hauteur de la colline transversale d'environ 5 mm suffit pour empêcher le pied de glisser vers l'avant. L'inclinaison moyenne des pentes avants et arrières de la colline a été choisie autour de 45°.
- (2) La colline transversale est réalisé avantageusement en un matériau viscoélastique, tel que le Technogel™ 145 qui se.déforme faiblement sous le poids du pied. En deuxième choix on peut également utiliser un liège mou.
- (3) Une épaisseur des coussins médians et avants de 5 mm suffit pour améliorer de manière décisive le confort des chaussures à talon hauts.
- (4) Il faut choisir la dureté du coussin médian de sorte qu'il se comprime de manière réversible sous le poids des têtes des métatarses d'environ 50% à 80% de son épaisseur.
- (5) Il est avantageux de faire saillir la colline transversale seulement lorsque les têtes des métatarses appuient sur le coussin médian pour le comprimer de manière réversible.
- (1) A height of the transverse hill of about 5 mm is sufficient to prevent the foot from sliding forward. The average slope of the front and rear slopes of the hill was chosen around 45 °.
- (2) The transverse hill is advantageously made of a viscoelastic material, such as Technogel â„¢ 145 which is deformed slightly under the weight of the foot. As a second choice you can also use soft cork.
- (3) A thickness of the 5mm medial and forward cushions is enough to decisively improve the comfort of high heel shoes.
- (4) The hardness of the median cushion should be selected so that it reversibly compresses under the weight of the metatarsal heads by approximately 50% to 80% of its thickness.
- (5) It is advantageous to project the transverse hill only when the heads of the metatarsals press on the medial cushion to compress it reversibly.
Nous avons effectués 7 essais pour comparer chaque fois le confort d'une chaussure conventionnelle portée à gauche avec celui d'une chaussure selon l'invention portée à droite. Nous avons effectués en plus 3 essais inversés avec une chaussure selon l'invention portée à gauche. Lors d'un 11ème essai nous avons évalué le confort obtenu lorsque on porte une paire entière de chaussures à talon haut selon l'invention. Pour ces essais nous avons utilisés deux paires de chaussures de facture courante de pointure 38 avec des talons hauts de 10 cm. La colline transversale et les coussins ont été fixées chaque fois de manière détachable sur l'une des chaussures d'une paire. Nous avons évalué séparément le confort et l'inconfort au pied gauche et au pied droit sur une échelle de sept degrés. Cette échelle va de + 2 (un rêve) à +1 (mieux que la référence) à 0 (chaussure de référence au début de l'expérience), à -1 (inconfort), à -2 (douleur intermittente), à -3 (douleur persistante) et à - 4 (forte douleur persistante). Les évaluations au pied gauche et au pied droit ont été faites d'abord toutes les 10 minutes et puis toutes les 20 minutes, soit au total 10 évaluations pour chaque pied sur une période totale de 120 minutes (deux heures). La personne effectuant les tests a été debout pendant tout ce temps, sans jamais s'asseoir. Elle est restée une partie du temps sur place et une autre elle marchait sur sol horizontal et en pente. Pour réaliser les collines transversales nous avons utilisé au début des plaques en liège d'une épaisseur de 3, 5 ou 9 mm et des plaques en Technogel™ 145 d'une épaisseur de 5 ou 10 mm. Pour les deux coussins nous avons découpé des plaques en Technogel™ allant du type 125 (mou), à 130, 135 et à 145 (dur). Ces plaques contiennent un gel viscoélastique scellé dans une mince enveloppe flexible et étanche de sorte à former des coussins plats. Nous avons découpé les plaques chaque fois dans la forme des collines transversales et des coussins avants et médians voulus.We performed 7 tests to compare each time the comfort of a conventional shoe worn on the left with that of a shoe according to the invention worn on the right. We performed in
Les expériences 2, 8, 9 et 10 nous ont montré qu'avec une colline transversale et un choix optimal de la viscoélasticité des coussins on peut porter des chaussures à talons haut de 10 cm pendant toute la durée des expériences, soit pendant 120 minutes sans ressentir le moindre inconfort. On aurait donc pu prolonger ces expériences au delà des 120 minutes. Le confort reste pratiquement le même pour une épaisseur de 5 ou de 10 mm. Dans leur forme originale les mêmes chaussures commencent à faire mal après 40 ou 60 minutes en moyenne. Dans l'expérience no 4 nous avons placé seulement des coussins en Technogel™ 130. Il n'y avait donc pas de colline transversale selon l'invention. Dans ce cas les chaussures commencent à faire mal après 80 minutes. Ce résultat est meilleur qu'en absence de coussins mais il est moins bon qu'avec une colline transversale selon l'invention. Le 11ème essai a été fait avec une paire de chaussures à talons hauts de 10 cm, équipée d'une paire de semelages selon l'invention. Pour les coussins avants et médians nous avons utilisé comme avant du Technogel™ type 130 d'une épaisseur de 5 mm et pour les collines transversales du Technogel™ type 145 d'une épaisseur de 5 mm également. Pour éviter que c'est le talon qui commence à faire mal nous avons rajouté une paire de coussins arrières en Technogel™ type 125 d'une épaisseur de 5 mm également. L'essai 11 nous a montrée qu'avec un choix optimal des matériaux pour le semelage selon l'invention les chaussures à talons hauts restent entièrement confortables (évaluation = 0) lorsqu'on est debout pendant 220 minutes, soit pendant 3,5 heures. Pour les chaussures usuelles la période de port où elles sont entièrement confortables debout n'est que de 20 minutes environ. Avec les chaussures selon l'expérience 11 on arrive à un inconfort (-1) après 240 minutes, donc après 4 heures. Avec des chaussures usuelles on ressent le même inconfort après 40 à 60 minutes déjà .
Nos essais ont montré que les épaisseurs avantageuses pour le coussin avant, la colline transversale et le coussin médian (pour sa partie d'épaisseur constante) sont comprises entre 3 à 7 mm lorsqu'on utilise les chaussures normalement, donc pendant 2 ou 4 heures debout sans interruption. Des épaisseurs entre 8 mm et 20 mm ne sont utiles pour des personnes qui ont des pieds et des orteils très sensibles. Nos essais ont montré que pour une femme de taille et de poids moyen on utilise pour la colline transversale avantageusement du Technogel™ 145 ou un autre matériau aux propriétés viscoélastiques semblables. Pour les coussins avants et médians on utilise pour une telle personne de préférence du Technogel™ 130 ou un matériau semblable. On obtient ainsi l'avantage majeur suivant: Les chaussures selon l'invention avec des talons hauts de 10 cm peuvent être portées confortablement en restant debout sans s'asseoir pendant 3,5 heures. Le temps de port entièrement confortable est 2,7 fois plus long que celui avec des chaussures sans colline transversale selon l'invention mais recouvertes de coussins identiques. Le temps de port entièrement confortable avec des chaussures selon l'invention est 11 fois plus long que celui avec des chaussures usuelles autrement identiques, donc sans colline transversale et sans coussins. La durée de port confortable avec des talons mi-hauts selon l'invention devrait être également plusieurs fois plus longue qu'avec des chaussures usuelles autrement identiques.Our tests have shown that the advantageous thicknesses for the front cushion, the transverse hill and the median cushion (for its part of constant thickness) are between 3 to 7 mm when the shoes are used normally, so for 2 or 4 hours. standing without interruption. Thicknesses between 8 mm and 20 mm are useful for people with very sensitive feet and toes. Our tests have shown that for a woman of size and average weight is used for the transverse hill advantageously Technogel ™ 145 or other material with similar viscoelastic properties. For the front and middle cushions, such a person is preferably used with Technogel ™ 130 or similar material. This gives the following major advantage: The shoes according to the invention with high heels of 10 cm can be worn comfortably standing without sitting for 3.5 hours. The fully comfortable wearing time is 2.7 times longer than that with shoes without transverse hill according to the invention but covered with identical cushions. Fully comfortable wearing time with shoes according to the invention is 11 times longer than that with usual shoes otherwise identical, so without transverse hill and without cushions. The comfortable wearing time with mid-high heels according to the invention should also be several times longer than with otherwise identical conventional shoes.
Il existe un grand nombre d'activités professionnelles et privées qui demandent aux femmes de rester debout pendant un temps prolongé. Nous citons le travail dans la restauration et l'hôtellerie, la vente, la coiffure, dans l'enseignement, les bateaux et avions, etc. Parmi les activités privées des femmes nous citons le shopping, l'accompagnement des enfants à l'école, la promenade, les soirées, la discothèque, etc. Un grand nombre de femmes de petite et de moyenne taille ont jusqu'ici été confrontées au dilemme suivant: Ou bien elles portent des chaussures presque plates et n'ont pas de douleurs aux pieds mais acceptent, d'après des études statistiques publiées, d'être moins bien appréciées et moins bien rémunérées. Ou alors elles portent des chaussures à talons hauts, supportent des douleurs aux pieds mais profitent d'une estime et d'un salaire en moyenne plus élevé. Les chaussures à talon hauts ou mi-hauts selon l'invention permettent pour la première fois aux femmes de petite et de moyenne taille d'effectuer toutes les activités professionnelles et privées en profitant pleinement et sans douleurs de l'appréciation et des avantages financiers offertes à leurs consoeurs de taille plus grande. Les différentes formes d'exécution des chaussures selon l'invention permettent la réalisation d'une large gamme de designs avantageux. Elles ne nécessitent que peu de modifications par rapport aux chaussures conventionnelles. Il suffit qu'à l'avant le semelage ait une épaisseur suffisante pour loger la colline et les coussins. En choisissant pour la colline transversale et les coussins une épaisseur de 3 à 7 mm on peut utiliser un semelage qui est à peine plus épais qu'usuellement.There are many professional and private activities that require women to stand for an extended period of time. We mention the work in catering and hospitality, sales, hairdressing, teaching, boats and airplanes, etc. Among the private activities of women we mention the shopping, the accompaniment of the children to the school, the walk, the evenings, the discotheque, etc. A large number of small and medium-sized women have so far been confronted with the following dilemma: Either they wear almost flat shoes and have no foot pain but accept, according to published statistical studies, be less well liked and less well paid. Or they wear high-heeled shoes, suffer from foot pain but enjoy higher average salary and esteem. The high or medium heels of the invention allow for the first time small and medium-sized women to perform all professional and private activities enjoying full and without pain the appreciation and financial benefits offered to their bigger sisters. The different embodiments of the shoes according to the invention allow the realization of a wide range of advantageous designs. They require few changes compared to conventional shoes. It is sufficient that the front sole is thick enough to accommodate the hill and cushions. By choosing for the transverse hill and the cushions a thickness of 3 to 7 mm it is possible to use a sole which is only slightly thicker than usual.
Par ce qui suit l'invention est décrite à l'aide de huit exemples de réalisation, dont les sept premiers sont illustrés par des figures. Sont représentés:
- Fig. 1
- un semelage selon l'exemple de réalisation 1
- Fig. 2
- un semelage selon l'exemple de réalisation 2
- Fig. 3
- un semelage selon l'exemple de réalisation 3
- Fig. 4
- un semelage et un coussin médian détaché selon l'exemple de réalisation 4
- Fig. 5
- un semelage selon l'exemple de réalisation 5
- Fig. 6
- une semelle à insertion selon l'exemple de réalisation 6
- Fig. 7
- un support adhésif selon l'exemple de réalisation 7
- Fig. 1
- a sole assembly according to the embodiment example 1
- Fig. 2
- a sole according to the
embodiment 2 - Fig. 3
- a sole according to the
embodiment 3 - Fig. 4
- a sole and a median cushion detached according to the
embodiment 4 - Fig. 5
- a sole according to the
embodiment 5 - Fig. 6
- an insole according to the
embodiment 6 - Fig. 7
- an adhesive support according to the
embodiment 7
L'exemple de réalisation 1,
L'exemple de réalisation 2,
L'exemple de réalisation 3,
L'exemple de réalisation 4,
L'exemple de réalisation 5,
L'exemple de réalisation 6,
L'exemple de réalisation 7,
L'exemple de réalisation 8 concerne le semelage d'une chaussure à talon haut avec une colline transversale, un coussin avant et un coussin médian essentiellement comme dans l'exemple 2. L'empeigne et éventuellement aussi la tige de cette chaussure sont en partie ouvertes sur les cotés. Elles sont faites par exemple en une ou plusieurs lanières de sorte à former une sandalette ou une mule. Afin de cacher visuellement et de protéger la colline transversale, le coussin avant et le coussin médian on utilise une semelle de propreté débordante qui est rabattue et fixée, par exemple collée sous les bords du semelage. De telles chaussures ouvertes sont souvent utilisées dans des climats chauds. Alternativement elles sont utilisées le soir dans des locaux à température d'air élevée. Pour cette raison on utilise de préférence une semelle de propreté faite en un matériau poreux, hydrophile, qui diffuse et évacue latéralement l'humidité provenant de la plante des pieds.The
Claims (10)
- Semi-high or high heel shoe (5) comprising a sole unit which, between the heads of the metatarsi (3) and the toes (4), presents, either permanently or during the elastic deformation under the weight of the foot, a transverse hill (2) characterized by the fact that the transverse hill (2) is made from an elastic or viscous-elastic material of low compressibility with a Shore 00 hardness between 20 and 60, the transverse hill (2) being oriented weakly obliquely and raising immediately in front of the heads of the five metatarsi (3), such as to retain them, to dampen their forward push and to prevent the foot from sliding forwards.
- Shoe according to claim 1 which comprises behind the transverse hill (2), that is under the heads of the metatarsi (3), a middle cushion (13) of approximately rectangular shape, the thickness of which decreases towards its rear edge, or which comprises a median-rear cushion of elongated shape up to the heel (5), said cushion (13) deforming locally under the pressure exerted by the heads of the metatarsi (3) such as to increase their contact areas, to decrease the pressure exerted on the skin and to dampen the shocks during walking.
- Shoe according to claim 1 which comprises, in front of the transverse hill (2), that is under the toes (4), a front cushion (14) of approximately semi lunar shape, said cushion (14) becoming deformed locally under the force exerted by the toes (4) such as to increase their contact areas and to decrease the pressure exerted on the skin.
- Shoe according to claim 1, 2 and 3 characterized by the fact that the transverse hill (2), the middle or middle-rear cushion (13) and the front cushion (14) comprise a preformed envelope, flexible and resistant to mechanical tension, which is either tight and contains a viscous-elastic gel, a viscous liquid or a suspension, or which is made from a textile permeable to air and contains a soft granulate, the whole nearly incompressible, such that, when a local force is exerted by the foot, said hill or said cushion deforms whilst keeping approximately the same volume and regains its original shape when the local force is removed.
- Shoe according to claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized by a middle (13) and front (14) cushion with a thickness which is equal to that of the transverse hill (2), the whole such that, unsolicited, the middle and front surface of the sole unit is practically flat and that the transverse hill (2) protrudes only when the forefoot is charged with the weight of the body such that the middle cushion is squeezed whilst the shape of the transverse hill remains practically unchanged.
- Shoe according to claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized by an insole (7) which is flexible and resistant to traction, preferably porous and hydrophilic, glued over its entire lower surface and presenting a friction coefficient which is at least average to help preventing the foot from sliding forwards.
- Shoe according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized by a sole unit provided with a peripheral border on its front and/or middle part such as to form at least one basin (31) which lodges and hides visually the front cushion (14), the transverse hill (2) and/or the middle cushion (13).
- Shoe according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 6, characterized by a separate insertion sole, which is preferably composed of a front cushion (14), a transverse hill (2) and a middle cushion (13) which are molded, glued or welded end to end, of a base sheet (41) of long shape reaching up to the rear of the heel and of an insole (7) fixed on top, said insertion sole being placed in the shoe, its fastening being obtained by shape, by adhesion or otherwise.
- Shoe according to the claim 1, 2, 7 and 8 characterized by a separate middle cushion (22) provided preferably with a reinforcement and covered with a part of the insole (7b), and by a sole unit provided with a middle basin (21), such that the cushion (22) is placed in the middle basin (21), its fastening being obtained by shape, by adhesion, by Velcro (TM) or otherwise.
- Shoe according to claims 1 and 6, characterized by an adhesive support, separated from the shoe, which is composed of at least an elastic or viscous-elastic transverse hill (2), of an adhesive layer (51) below and, on top, of part of an insole (7) having an average coefficient of friction, said adhesive support being suited for fastening at the appropriate place on the sole unit of a usual semi-high or high-heel shoe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH4352007 | 2007-03-19 | ||
PCT/CH2008/000111 WO2008113197A2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-03-17 | Comfortable high heel shoes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2129251A2 EP2129251A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
EP2129251B1 true EP2129251B1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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ID=39493502
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08714761A Not-in-force EP2129251B1 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-03-17 | Comfortable high heel shoes |
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EP (1) | EP2129251B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008113197A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AU2009220914A1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-11 | Pointe Noir Pty Ltd. | Flexible platform shoe |
GB2498374B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2016-08-03 | Michelle Elliott Delia | High Heeled Platform Shoe |
AT512292B1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-07-15 | Stephanie Kaiser | Shoe with compensation device |
CA2812560A1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-08 | Virve Tuulikki Georgeson | High heel shoe inserts |
WO2015000036A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Pickering Tania Bellamoana | An improved high heeled shoe or boot |
WO2015144176A1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Luna Hvid Specialized Aps | Shoes for users suffering from pain localized to the ball of the foot |
DE102019211661B4 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-06-01 | Adidas Ag | insole |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1841942A (en) * | 1929-04-11 | 1932-01-19 | Fenton John | Cushioned insole |
FR1351722A (en) * | 1963-02-22 | 1964-02-07 | Broderna Sandgrens Tratoffelfa | Orthopedic shoe |
US4250886A (en) * | 1979-06-26 | 1981-02-17 | Riso Rhea R | Orthotic |
US4955148A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-09-11 | Rigoberto Padilla | Foot support assembly |
JPH09140409A (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1997-06-03 | Achilles Corp | Shoe |
GB0619032D0 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2006-11-08 | Pelusi Julie | Footwear cushioning apparatus |
-
2008
- 2008-03-17 WO PCT/CH2008/000111 patent/WO2008113197A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-03-17 EP EP08714761A patent/EP2129251B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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EP2129251A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
WO2008113197A2 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
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