EP2104825A2 - Procede et appareil de separation d'un melange gazeux par distillation cryogenique - Google Patents
Procede et appareil de separation d'un melange gazeux par distillation cryogeniqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2104825A2 EP2104825A2 EP07871966A EP07871966A EP2104825A2 EP 2104825 A2 EP2104825 A2 EP 2104825A2 EP 07871966 A EP07871966 A EP 07871966A EP 07871966 A EP07871966 A EP 07871966A EP 2104825 A2 EP2104825 A2 EP 2104825A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- capacity
- column
- liquid
- sent
- pressurization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0223—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas or shifted synthesis gas
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0252—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0261—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon monoxide
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04024—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of purified feed air, so-called boosted air
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
- F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
- F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/0483—Rapid load change of the air fractionation unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
- F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
- F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
- F25J2205/72—Pressurising or depressurising the adsorption vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
- F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating a gas mixture by cryogenic distillation, in particular to a method and apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation.
- the two bottles of the gas mixture purifications for a cryogenic separation apparatus operate cyclically between adsorption phases at high pressure and regeneration at low pressure.
- the transition between regeneration and adsorption therefore requires a pressurization of the bottle with the supply gas of the cold box.
- This additional flow must be provided by the main air compressor for the air separation units. This therefore requires sizing this compressor for the nominal flow rate increased by this rate of pressurization bottles.
- the pressurization of the bottles is to the detriment of the supply flow of the cold box without major problem of stability for the columns.
- the device according to the present invention can compensate for the lack of flow injected to the columns without specification of additional flow on the main air compressor. This allows a reduction in the price of the machine, greater flexibility and better energy optimization of the machine.
- the system consists of a cryogenic liquid capacity with a bottom tank vaporizer.
- a capacity is an enclosure containing no tray or lining.
- a cryogenic liquid is a liquid at a temperature below 200K.
- an apparatus for the cryogenic distillation of a gaseous mixture comprising a purification apparatus for purifying the gaseous mixture in a multi-bottle system of adsorbent, operating in a cycle comprising a phase of pressurization, a column system, a capacity, means for sending a cryogenic liquid to the capacity only outside a pressurization phase, preferably any pressurization phase, means for sending vaporized liquid of the capacity to a column of the system only during at least part of the period in which one of the bottles is in the pressurization phase, a vaporizer in the capacity to vaporize the contained liquid, means for sending a caloric gas to the vaporizer and means for drawing off liquid of the capacity.
- cryogenic liquid consists of a part of the liquefied gas mixture and / or the heat-exchange gas is constituted by a part of the gaseous mixture;
- the apparatus comprises means for sending the liquefied caloric gas into the vaporizer to the capacity;
- a liquid of the capacity is sent to one (the) column of the column system.
- a process for the cryogenic distillation of a gaseous mixture in an apparatus according to one of the apparatus claims in which only during at least part of the period in which one of the bottles is in the pressurization phase, a gas is sent from the capacity to a column of the column system and only outside one, preferably, any pressurization period, the liquid capacity is filled.
- the gaseous mixture is air
- the column system comprises at least one double column with a medium pressure column and a low pressure column thermally connected to each other and in which during at least a portion of the period in which one of the bottles is in the pressurization phase, air is sent from the capacity to the medium pressure column;
- a gas of the capacity is sent to a column of the column system only during the period in which one of the bottles is in a pressurization phase;
- the maximum pressure of the capacity is between 15 and 40 bar, preferably between 20 and 30 bar and / or the minimum pressure is between 4 and 10 bar.
- the air separation apparatus comprises a conventional double column composed of three columns, a medium pressure column MP and a low pressure column LP, both being thermally connected to each other by a reboiler R1, and an argon column AR.
- the reflux lines between the two columns are well known in the art and will not be described or illustrated.
- the apparatus also includes a capacitor 15, a phase separator 17, and a main exchange line 5.
- the subcoolers have not been illustrated.
- the apparatus produces a high oxygen flow rate and a nitrogen rich flow rate from the low pressure column, one and / or the other being able to serve as final product in liquid and / or gaseous form.
- Clean air 1 in a purifying unit A comprising adsorbent bottles was compressed at a pressure slightly higher than that of the medium pressure column MP.
- Part 5 at the pressure slightly higher than that of the medium pressure column MP cools in the exchange line E01 and is sent in gaseous form to the medium pressure column MP.
- Part 7 is overpressed in a BAC booster at an intermediate pressure and then supercharged again in a booster D01C driven by the turbine D01.
- the flow 7 is thus at a high pressure, is cooled and sent to the hot end of the exchange line E01 where it cools partially before being divided into two fractions 11, 16 permanently or even three fractions 4, 11, 16 just before and / or during the filling phase.
- Fraction 11 is expanded in the turbine D01 to provide the vast majority of the frigories required for the apparatus. Relaxed at the average pressure, the fraction 11 joins the fraction 5 to form the flow 13 which is sent to the medium pressure column MP.
- Fraction 16 continues cooling in the exchange line E01 to the cold end, possibly supplying frigories for the vaporization of a liquid produced by the double column (not shown). Outside the filling phase of the capacity, all the liquefied air thus formed is sent through the valve V21 to the medium pressure column as flow 21. Obviously the flow 13 can be divided and sent to the two columns.
- the capacity contains liquefied air at a high pressure (for example 25 bar abs) at its boiling point.
- a high pressure for example 25 bar abs
- the circuit 2 is opened by opening the valve V2 to supply the medium pressure column MP with gaseous air to compensate for the reduction in the flow rate. Feeding the columns as part of the flow is required for bottle pressurization.
- the pressure in the capacity decreases with vaporization of liquid, the necessary heat being provided by the subcooling of all available liquid in the capacity.
- the pressure of the capacity decreases to the pressure of the medium pressure column MP.
- the amount of liquid vaporized and supplied to the medium pressure column corresponds to the amount of gas required to pressurize the purification bottle.
- the remaining liquid is at the boiling point at the pressure of the medium pressure column MP.
- valves V19, V29 are closed and the capacity
- a purge circuit 3 ensures the permanent deconcentration of impurities from the capacity through the valve V3 which sends the purge to the rich tank liquid from the medium pressure column MP.
- the filling of the capacity 15 is carried out, one takes warmer air 16 at the inlet of a turbine D01 at a pressure greater than the final high pressure of the capacity and it is condensed in the capacity 15, thanks to the tank vaporizer R2, the liquid of the capacity being colder than the air at the inlet of the turbine D01. This makes it possible to increase the pressure to 25 bar and to fill the capacity with liquid.
- the system stops naturally when the temperature of the liquid of the capacity 15 is close to the temperature at the inlet of the turbine D01.
- a small amount of liquid air (circuit 4) is produced by liquefying air in the vaporizer R2.
- This liquid is then sent to a phase separator 17 and the liquid is sent via the pipe 29 through the valve V29 at the top of the capacity 15 to complete the level of the capacity, this liquid coming from the vaporizer R2 being colder than the liquid in the capacity.
- the tank vaporizer R2 will ensure the equilibrium temperature of this liquid.
- the valve V2 A purge circuit 3 ensures permanent deconcentration of the impurities of the capacity through the valve V3 which sends the purge to the rich tank liquid from the medium pressure column MP. This rich liquid is then vaporized in the head condenser of the AR argon column.
- This filling phase can be done by filling directly with high-pressure liquid air 16,19 from the cold end of the main heat exchanger E01 as illustrated, or by taking an intermediate point fluid in the main exchanger in order to have the right equilibrium temperature of the final pressure of the capacity, either undercooled (it will then be heated by a tank exchanger as described above).
- This device can also be applied to the cold distillation separation of mixture boxes having as main components of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. To compensate for reductions in carbon monoxide content during purification reversals, it is possible to destock carbon monoxide flow towards the suction of the carbon monoxide compressor or destock the flow of synthesis gas to stabilize the gas supplies. of the carbon monoxide and methane separation column. As the capacity remains inside the cold box, the risk of spreading liquid carbon monoxide is eliminated.
- the invention can be applied to any cryogenic cold box preceded by a treatment to stabilize any cold flow fed or produced by the cryogenic columns.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0655924A FR2910604B1 (fr) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Procede et appareil de separation d'un melange gazeux par distillation cryogenique |
PCT/FR2007/052552 WO2008084167A2 (fr) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-18 | Procede et appareil de separation d'un melange gazeux par distillation cryogenique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2104825A2 true EP2104825A2 (fr) | 2009-09-30 |
EP2104825B1 EP2104825B1 (fr) | 2018-08-15 |
Family
ID=38462061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP07871966.3A Active EP2104825B1 (fr) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-18 | Procede et appareil de separation d'un melange gazeux par distillation cryogenique |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US8713964B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2104825B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101595356B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2910604B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008084167A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009003350C5 (de) * | 2009-01-14 | 2017-02-09 | Reicat Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abtrennung von Argon aus einem Gasgemisch |
FR2973486B1 (fr) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-05-03 | Air Liquide | Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
US11097221B2 (en) | 2018-10-05 | 2021-08-24 | 8 Rivers Capital, Llc | Direct gas capture systems and methods of use thereof |
US11285437B2 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2022-03-29 | 8 Rivers Capital, Llc | Systems and methods for carbon capture |
EP4022223A1 (fr) | 2019-08-26 | 2022-07-06 | 8 Rivers Capital, LLC | Réglage de flamme dans un procédé de combustion oxycombustible |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5218825A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-06-15 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Coproduction of a normal purity and ultra high purity volatile component from a multi-component stream |
FR2704632B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-29 | 1995-06-23 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation pour la separation de l'air. |
US5406800A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1995-04-18 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system capacity control method |
FR2723184B1 (fr) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-09-06 | Grenier Maurice | Procede et installation de production d'oxygene gazeux sous pression a debit variable |
EP1051588B1 (fr) * | 1998-01-30 | 2002-04-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Procede et dispositif pour vaporiser de l'oxygene liquide |
US6073463A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-06-13 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Operation of a cryogenic air separation unit which intermittently uses air feed as the repressurization gas for a two bed PSA system |
US6357259B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-03-19 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation method to produce gaseous product |
US6351971B1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-03-05 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | System and method for producing high purity argon |
FR2819045A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-05 | Air Liquide | Procede d'alimentation en air d'au moins une unite a turbine a gaz et d'au moins une unite de distillation d'air, et installation de mise en oeuvre |
US6499312B1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen |
FR2849172A1 (fr) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-25 | Air Liquide | Procede de distillation d'air ameliore, et installation de mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
CN2606739Y (zh) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-17 | 大连理工大学 | 吸附精馏提纯二氧化碳装置 |
FR2896860A1 (fr) | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-03 | Air Liquide | Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique et installation correspondante |
-
2006
- 2006-12-22 FR FR0655924A patent/FR2910604B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-12-18 EP EP07871966.3A patent/EP2104825B1/fr active Active
- 2007-12-18 US US12/520,112 patent/US8713964B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-18 WO PCT/FR2007/052552 patent/WO2008084167A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-12-18 CN CN2007800474576A patent/CN101595356B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-03-07 US US14/200,049 patent/US9546815B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2008084167A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008084167A3 (fr) | 2009-05-22 |
WO2008084167A2 (fr) | 2008-07-17 |
US20140202208A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
US9546815B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 |
US20100011811A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
FR2910604A1 (fr) | 2008-06-27 |
CN101595356B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
FR2910604B1 (fr) | 2012-10-26 |
US8713964B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
EP2104825B1 (fr) | 2018-08-15 |
CN101595356A (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
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