EP2094913B1 - Gliding bed for concrete slabs, method for the production of a concrete slab, and structure with a gliding bed - Google Patents

Gliding bed for concrete slabs, method for the production of a concrete slab, and structure with a gliding bed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2094913B1
EP2094913B1 EP07855363A EP07855363A EP2094913B1 EP 2094913 B1 EP2094913 B1 EP 2094913B1 EP 07855363 A EP07855363 A EP 07855363A EP 07855363 A EP07855363 A EP 07855363A EP 2094913 B1 EP2094913 B1 EP 2094913B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
film
slab
concrete slab
layer
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EP07855363A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2094913A1 (en
Inventor
Johann Kollegger
Anton Schweighofer
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Technische Universitaet Wien
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Technische Universitaet Wien
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/14—Concrete paving
    • E01C7/145—Sliding coverings, underlayers or intermediate layers ; Isolating or separating intermediate layers; Transmission of shearing force in horizontal intermediate planes, e.g. by protrusions, by inlays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24025—Superposed movable attached layers or components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slide bearing for concrete slabs and a method for producing a concrete slab, wherein the sliding bearing comprises a first foil and a second foil, the first foil can be brought into contact with a substructure of the concrete slab and the second foil by pouring concrete onto the second Foil can be brought into contact with an underside of the concrete slab and which foils are tightly connected at edges.
  • joints In the manufacture of concrete slabs, especially concrete or fiber concrete floor slabs, joints shall be provided at a distance of 5m to 8m in order to accommodate shortening due to heat of hydration flow, shrinkage and temperature drop in the joints, and cracking of the slab fields avoid.
  • the joints have the disadvantage of being maintenance-intensive and prone to damage.
  • This slipperiness counteracts frictional forces which depend on the weight of the concrete slab, the coefficient of friction between the concrete slab and the substructure, and the distance between the slack and a movement rest of the concrete slab.
  • the biasing force acting on the concrete slab decreases with increasing distance from the clamping point and is zero at a certain distance and thus ineffective.
  • a disadvantage of the latter arrangement is only insufficient improvement of the sliding friction caused by the escape of air from the air cushions, after which the concrete slab rests with high surface pressure forces on small contact surfaces, and the great effort in the preparation of such an arrangement.
  • a storage of the type mentioned is for example from the DE 1 153 788 A which discloses a slide bearing film in the form of a thin-walled tube, which is arranged between two concrete slabs or between a concrete slab and the substrate.
  • the disadvantage here is in particular that the films by interleaves of sand or similar. can be damaged that the sliding friction properties are insufficient, as well as that between the films or between film and concrete penetrating water, the sliding properties are influenced uncontrollably.
  • the object is achieved by a sliding bearing of the type described above in that at least one gas and liquid permeable layer formed by a nonwoven and / or a fabric, woven, knitted or knitted fabric is provided between the films.
  • the at least one gas and / or liquid-permeable layer ensures a low-friction storage of the concrete slab, which allows a uniform, tension-free curing of the concrete slab after the casting process. As a result, even large areas without compensating joints can be concreted out in such a way that there are no permanent stress cracks.
  • a method for producing a concrete slab, preferably a concrete floor slab, using a plain bearing comprises the following steps: laying a first foil preferably on the substructure of a concrete floor slab, laying at least one gas and liquid permeable layer formed of a nonwoven and / or a textile fabric , Woven, knitted or knitted fabric, onto the first film, covering the at least one layer with the second film, hermetically bonding the films together at their edges, concreting the concrete slab on the slide bearing, introducing a liquid or gaseous medium having a predetermined minimum pressure into the Slide bearing, and maintaining the minimum pressure in the plain bearing until the concrete slab hardens.
  • the process is characterized by a simple and highly efficient way to produce even large concrete slabs without stress cracks.
  • a building comprising a substructure, a slide bearing and a concrete floor slab is characterized in that the slide bearing comprises a first film and a second film, which films are tightly interconnected at edges and between which films at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer formed by a Nonwoven and / or a textile fabric, woven, knitted or knitted fabric is formed, wherein the first film is applied to the base of the concrete floor slab and the second foil is applied by pouring concrete onto the second foil on a lower side of the concrete slab, advantageously a hardened medium being present between the foils.
  • Fig. 1 is a highly schematic slide bearing 1 between a concrete floor slab 2 and a substructure 3 shown.
  • the substructure 3 may for example consist of concrete or other suitable material, as shown in the figures, or even only of consolidated soil.
  • the sliding bearing 1 which comprises a first film 4, a second film 5 and at least one arranged between the films 4, 5 layer 6, which is permeable to gases and / or liquids.
  • the permeable layer 6 may be formed in the form of a fabric, in particular a nonwoven, or another suitable textile fabric of individual fibers. Also, woven, knitted and knitted fabrics of yarns with corresponding gas and / or liquid-permeable properties can be used for the at least one permeable layer 6.
  • the first and the second film 4, 5 are connected at their edges 7 all around, for example, plastic-welded, so that an airtight space between the two sheets 4, 5 is formed.
  • a weld 8 is exemplified in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • the slide bearing 1 can also, as from Fig. 2 can be seen bent up in their edge regions and by a Randum charged 9, which, for example, in Form of an L-shaped angle profile can be supported, be supported, wherein the Randum charged 9 may be connected to the base 3. This further ensures that the concrete floor slab 2 is reliably supported during the curing process.
  • the formation of cracks in the concrete floor slab 2 by a divergence of the concrete can be avoided by the Randum charged 9.
  • the production of the sliding bearing 1 can also be simplified by folding back the first film 4 onto itself or onto the at least one permeable layer 6, so that the first film 4 and the second film 5 two at an edge 10 represent interconnected layers of the same plastic sheet.
  • the weld 8 can be omitted at one of the edges 7, whereby manufacturing costs and costs can be reduced.
  • the plain bearing 1 is produced in the manner described below:
  • the first film 4 is placed on the substructure 3 or on the substrate, then covered with the at least one permeable layer 6 and covered with the second film 5. It is also possible for a plurality of layers 6 or foil layers 4, 5 to be provided. Also, a sandwich construction is conceivable, wherein the air spaces formed between the sheets 4, 5 are in communication with each other or may be completed against each other.
  • the films 4, 5 are connected at their edges 7 airtight with each other, as described above. Thereafter, the concrete floor slab 2 can be concreted on the plain bearing 1.
  • a liquid or gaseous medium 14 a gas or a fluid is introduced into the at least one permeable layer 6 between the two foils 4, 5 and in this way generates a minimum pressure which supports the concrete floor slab 2 and thereby assisting during deformation processes during solidification of the concrete floor slab 2.
  • the minimum pressure is maintained at least until a part of the shrinkage reduction of the concrete floor slab 2 has occurred until the heat of hydration has flowed off or until the concrete slab plate 2 has again reached ambient temperature.
  • the plain bearing 1 can also be designed as a prefabricated product on the substructure 3, so that the films 4, 5 are supplied with the at least one intermediate layer 6, for example as endless and then cut and welded in situ only.
  • the pressure in the sliding bearing 1 can also be combined with a bias of the concrete floor slab 2, in which case the plain bearing 1 is subjected to a pressure before the concrete bottom slab 2 is subjected to a bias.
  • a centric bias can additionally take place, so that the distortion caused by the shrinkage and the temperature reduction is less than the compression of the concrete floor slab 2 by the bias.
  • the average pressure in the layer 6 should correspond to 0.3 to 1.1 times, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 times the weight of the concrete floor slab 2.
  • suitable materials such as cement mortar or tixotropic liquids or also a suction system for the extraction of the medium 14 present in the layer 6 can be used.
  • the remaining of the medium 14 in the sliding bearing 1 with curing to an elastic damping layer is possible.
  • one or more filling points 11 may be provided, which may be formed for example in the form of a filling valve 12 in the film 4.
  • the at least one filling valve 12 extends at least partially into at least one recess 13 passing through the concrete base plate 2 in the concrete base plate 2, through which connection to a filling device on the filling valve 12 can be made.
  • the concrete floor plate 2 thus has only one or more small recesses 13, which can also be made closable in a simple manner, so that a very homogeneous formation of the surface of the concrete floor slab 2 is possible.
  • the foils 4, 5 are preferably made of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride and have a tear strength of at least 5 N / cm in the longitudinal and transverse direction per foil layer.
  • the tear strength per film layer should be at least 2000 N / cm 2 in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • the elongation at break can be set up to 400% in the longitudinal and transverse direction per film layer.
  • the layer 6 is preferably made of polypropylene or polyester at a weight of 100 to 500 g / m 2 per layer 6.
  • the thickness of each individual layer 6 is preferably between 1 mm and 4 mm.
  • the maximum tensile forces per layer 6 are preferably between 9.5 to 30 kN / m.
  • the water permeability of the layer 6 is to be set at a value of about 3 ⁇ 10 -3 .
  • the gas and / or liquid-permeable layer 6 has a modulus of elasticity normal to the median plane of the layer 6. If the weight of the concrete slab 2 compensated by an air or water pressure in the layer 6, the layer 6, which was compressed by the weight of the concrete slab 2, reach their original thickness extent again, if linear elastic material behavior in the layer 6 normal to the median plane the layer 6 is assumed. This effect may be beneficial if, due to a sufficient thickness of the layer 6, e.g. by the use of several layers of non-woven fabric, to compensate for unevenness of the substrate during the deformations of the concrete slab 2 (for example during tempering, as a result of the heat of hydration flowing away, cutting or temperature).
  • the at least one layer 6 prevents any adhesion of the two foils 4, 5, e.g. by moisture; in the at least one layer 6, the air can spread slowly and evenly.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but also includes the production of a concrete slab, which is lifted after curing on the sliding bearing of this and is used for structures of any kind.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gleitlagerung für Betonplatten und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonplatte, wobei die Gleitlagerung eine erste Folie und eine zweite Folie umfasst, die erste Folie an einem Unterbau der Betonplatte in Anlage bringbar ist und die zweite Folie durch Aufgießen von Beton auf die zweite Folie an eine Unterseite der Betonplatte in Anlage bringbar ist und welche Folien an Rändern dicht miteinander verbunden sind.The invention relates to a slide bearing for concrete slabs and a method for producing a concrete slab, wherein the sliding bearing comprises a first foil and a second foil, the first foil can be brought into contact with a substructure of the concrete slab and the second foil by pouring concrete onto the second Foil can be brought into contact with an underside of the concrete slab and which foils are tightly connected at edges.

Bei der Herstellung von Betonplatten, insbesondere von Bodenplatten aus Beton oder Faserbeton, sind Fugen in einem Abstand von 5m bis 8m vorzusehen, um Verkürzungen infolge des Abfließens der Hydratationswärme, des Schwindens und einer Temperaturabsenkung in den Fugen aufnehmen zu können und das Reißen der Plattenfelder zu vermeiden. Die Fugen haben den Nachteil, wartungsintensiv und anfällig für Schäden zu sein.In the manufacture of concrete slabs, especially concrete or fiber concrete floor slabs, joints shall be provided at a distance of 5m to 8m in order to accommodate shortening due to heat of hydration flow, shrinkage and temperature drop in the joints, and cracking of the slab fields avoid. The joints have the disadvantage of being maintenance-intensive and prone to damage.

Größere Feldweiten von ca. 20m sind mit bewehrten Bodenplatten aus Beton möglich, wenn die Bewehrung so dimensioniert ist, dass die genannten Verkürzungen durch kontrollierte Rissbildung im Inneren der Plattenfelder aufgenommen wird. Nachteilig daran ist jedoch, dass sich die Rissbildung auch an die Oberfläche fortsetzen kann und die Verwendung einer Armierung aufwendig und teuer ist.Larger field widths of approx. 20m are possible with reinforced concrete floor slabs if the reinforcement is dimensioned so that the aforementioned shortening is absorbed by controlled cracking inside the slab fields. The disadvantage of this, however, is that the cracking can continue to the surface and the use of a reinforcement is complicated and expensive.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, zum Bau möglichst rissfreier Betonplatten bzw. größerer Felder diese vorzuspannen. Hierbei entsteht jedoch das Problem, dass die Vorspannung möglichst frühzeitig (vor dem Abfließen der Hydratationswärme) aufzubringen ist, der Beton zu diesem Zeitpunkt jedoch noch keine ausreichende Festigkeit aufweist. Daher wird die Betonplatte stufenweise mit der Vorspannung beaufschlagt (sog. Teilvorspannung). Das Vorspannen der Betonplatte bedingt eine Verkürzung, für welche freie Gleitfähigkeit der Betonplatten auf dem Unterbau zu gewährleisten ist.Furthermore, it is known for the construction of possible crack-free concrete slabs or larger fields vorzuspannen this. However, the problem arises here that the prestressing must be applied as early as possible (before the heat of hydration flows away), but at that time the concrete does not yet have sufficient strength. Therefore, the concrete slab is gradually subjected to the bias (so-called partial prestressing). The prestressing of the concrete slab causes a shortening, for which free sliding ability of the concrete slabs to ensure the substructure.

Dieser Gleitfähigkeit wirken Reibungskräfte entgegen, welche vom Gewicht der Betonplatte, dem Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen der Betonplatte und dem Unterbau und dem Abstand zwischen der Spannstelle und einem Bewegungsruhepunkt der Betonplatte abhängen. Die Vorspannkraft, die auf die Betonplatte wirkt, nimmt mit zunehmender Entfernung von der Spannstelle ab und ist in einem bestimmten Abstand Null und somit wirkungslos.This slipperiness counteracts frictional forces which depend on the weight of the concrete slab, the coefficient of friction between the concrete slab and the substructure, and the distance between the slack and a movement rest of the concrete slab. The biasing force acting on the concrete slab decreases with increasing distance from the clamping point and is zero at a certain distance and thus ineffective.

Zur Vermeidung derartiger Probleme ist es beispielsweise bekannt, den Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen der Betonplatte und dem Unterbau zu verringern, indem eine Sandschicht in einer Dicke von 2cm bis 5cm sowie zwei Lagen PE-Folien, eine oder mehrere bituminöse Trennschichten oder Gleitfolien auf einem Unterbeton zwischen der Betonplatte und dem Unterbau angeordnet werden.To avoid such problems, it is known, for example, to reduce the coefficient of friction between the concrete slab and the substructure by a layer of sand in a thickness of 2cm to 5cm and two layers of PE film, one or more bituminous separating layers or sliding on a sub-concrete between the concrete slab and the substructure.

Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 31 10 684 A1 geht eine Gleitlagerung von in einer oder in zwei Richtungen ausgedehnten Betonplatte hervor, welche Betonplatte auf einer weiteren Betonplatte oder auf verfestigtem Erdreich aufliegt, wobei diese Betonplatte auf Punktlagerstreifen oder auf Linienlagerstreifen und zwischen diesen Lagerstreifen auf einer Luftpolsterschicht aufliegt.From the publication DE 31 10 684 A1 is a sliding storage of extended in one or two directions concrete slab, which concrete slab rests on another concrete slab or on solidified soil, said concrete slab rests on point bearing strips or on line storage strip and between these storage strips on an air cushion layer.

Nachteilig an letzterer Anordnung ist die nur ungenügende Verbesserung der Gleitreibung bedingt durch das Entweichen der Luft aus den Luftpolstern, wonach die Betonplatte mit hohen Flächenpressungskräften auf kleinen Auflageflächen aufliegt, sowie der große Aufwand bei der Herstellung einer derartigen Anordnung.A disadvantage of the latter arrangement is only insufficient improvement of the sliding friction caused by the escape of air from the air cushions, after which the concrete slab rests with high surface pressure forces on small contact surfaces, and the great effort in the preparation of such an arrangement.

Eine Lagerung der eingangs erwähnten Art geht beispielsweise aus der DE 1 153 788 A hervor, welche eine Gleitlagerfolie in Form eines dünnwandigen Schlauches offenbart, welcher zwischen zwei Betonplatten bzw. zwischen einer Betonplatte und dem Untergrund angeordnet ist.A storage of the type mentioned is for example from the DE 1 153 788 A which discloses a slide bearing film in the form of a thin-walled tube, which is arranged between two concrete slabs or between a concrete slab and the substrate.

Nachteilig hierbei ist insbesondere, dass die Folien durch Zwischenlagen von Sand o.ä. beschädigt werden können, dass die Gleitreibungseigenschaften nur ungenügend sind, sowie dass durch zwischen die Folien oder zwischen Folie und Beton eindringendes Wasser die Gleiteigenschaften unkontrollierbar beeinflusst werden.The disadvantage here is in particular that the films by interleaves of sand or similar. can be damaged that the sliding friction properties are insufficient, as well as that between the films or between film and concrete penetrating water, the sliding properties are influenced uncontrollably.

Aus der US 3 057 270 A ist eine Gleitlagerung für eine Betonplatte bekannt, wobei eine Membran auf einem Unterbau aufgebracht ist und auf dieser Membran eine Sandschicht vorgesehen ist, die mit einer Lage Baupappe abgedeckt wird. Die Ränder der Membran werden vor dem Gießen des Betons eingeschlagen, wobei sie die Baupappe überlappen, sodass hierdurch eine geschlossene Umrandung gebildet wird.From the US 3,057,270 A is a sliding bearing for a concrete slab known, wherein a membrane is applied to a substructure and on this membrane a sand layer is provided, which is covered with a layer Baupappe. The edges of the membrane are hammered in before casting the concrete, overlapping the building board, thereby forming a closed border.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Gleitlagerung für Betonplatten und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonplatte anzugeben, welche die Herstellung großer fugenloser Betonplatten durch eine gezielte Verringerung der Reibungskräfte zwischen der Betonplatte und dem Unterbau ermöglicht.It is an object of the invention to provide a plain bearing for concrete slabs and a method for producing a concrete slab, which allows the production of large jointless concrete slabs by a targeted reduction in the frictional forces between the concrete slab and the substructure.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Gleitlagerung der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen den Folien zumindest eine gas- und flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht gebildet von einem Vlies und/oder einem textilen Flächengebilde, Gewebe, Gestricke oder Gewirke vorgesehen ist.The object is achieved by a sliding bearing of the type described above in that at least one gas and liquid permeable layer formed by a nonwoven and / or a fabric, woven, knitted or knitted fabric is provided between the films.

Die zumindest eine gas- und/oder flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht sorgt dabei für eine reibungsarme Lagerung der Betonplatte, welche ein gleichmäßiges, spannungsfreies Aushärten der Betonplatte nach dem Gießprozess ermöglicht. Dadurch können auch große Flächen ohne Ausgleichsfugen so ausbetoniert werden, dass auch dauerhaft keine Spannungsrisse auftreten.The at least one gas and / or liquid-permeable layer ensures a low-friction storage of the concrete slab, which allows a uniform, tension-free curing of the concrete slab after the casting process. As a result, even large areas without compensating joints can be concreted out in such a way that there are no permanent stress cracks.

Weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Gleitlagerung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 11 hervor.Further advantageous measures and developments of the sliding bearing according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 11.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonplatte, vorzugsweise einer Betonbodenplatte, unter Verwendung einer Gleitlagerung umfasst die folgenden Schritte: Auflegen einer ersten Folie vorzugsweise auf den Unterbau einer Betonbodenplatte, Auflegen zumindest einer gas- und flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Schicht, gebildet von einem Vlies und/oder einem textilen Flächengebilde, Gewebe, Gestricke oder Gewirke, auf die erste Folie, Abdecken der zumindest einen Schicht mit der zweiten Folie, luftdichtes Verbinden der Folien an deren Rändern miteinander, Betonieren der Betonplatte auf der Gleitlagerung, Einleiten eines flüssigen oder gasförmigen Mediums mit einem vorbestimmten Mindestdruck in die Gleitlagerung, und Aufrechterhalten des Mindestdrucks in der Gleitlagerung bis zum Aushärten der Betonplatte.A method for producing a concrete slab, preferably a concrete floor slab, using a plain bearing comprises the following steps: laying a first foil preferably on the substructure of a concrete floor slab, laying at least one gas and liquid permeable layer formed of a nonwoven and / or a textile fabric , Woven, knitted or knitted fabric, onto the first film, covering the at least one layer with the second film, hermetically bonding the films together at their edges, concreting the concrete slab on the slide bearing, introducing a liquid or gaseous medium having a predetermined minimum pressure into the Slide bearing, and maintaining the minimum pressure in the plain bearing until the concrete slab hardens.

Das Verfahren zeichnet sich dabei durch eine einfache und höchst effiziente Möglichkeit aus, auch große Betonplatten ohne Spannungsrisse herzustellen.The process is characterized by a simple and highly efficient way to produce even large concrete slabs without stress cracks.

Vorteilhafte Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Ansprüchen 13 bis 24 gekennzeichnet.Advantageous variants of the method according to the invention are characterized in claims 13 to 24.

Ein Bauwerk umfassend einen Unterbau, eine Gleitlagerung und eine Betonbodenplatte ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gleitlagerung eine erste Folie und eine zweite Folie umfasst, welche Folien an Rändern dicht miteinander verbunden sind und zwischen welchen Folien zumindest eine gas- und flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht, gebildet von einem Vlies und/oder einem textilen Flächengebilde, Gewebe, Gestricke oder Gewirke, ausgebildet ist, wobei die erste Folie an dem Unterbau der Betonbodenplatte anliegt und die zweite Folie durch Aufgießen von Beton auf die zweite Folie an einer Unterseite der Betonbodenplatte anliegt, wobei vorteilhaft zwischen den Folien ein ausgehärtetes Medium vorhanden ist.A building comprising a substructure, a slide bearing and a concrete floor slab is characterized in that the slide bearing comprises a first film and a second film, which films are tightly interconnected at edges and between which films at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer formed by a Nonwoven and / or a textile fabric, woven, knitted or knitted fabric is formed, wherein the first film is applied to the base of the concrete floor slab and the second foil is applied by pouring concrete onto the second foil on a lower side of the concrete slab, advantageously a hardened medium being present between the foils.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind im Folgenden anhand der Figuren dargestellt und in der zugehörigen Beschreibung näher erläutert. In den Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine stark schematisierte Schnittdarstellung durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Gleitlagerung für eine Betonbodenplatte,
Fig. 2
eine stark schematisierte Darstellung der Randgestaltung des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Gleitlagerung, und
Fig. 3
eine stark schematisierte Darstellung einer Befüllstelle für die erfindungsgemäße Gleitlagerung.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated below with reference to the figures and explained in more detail in the accompanying description. In the figures show:
Fig. 1
a highly schematic sectional view through an embodiment of an inventively designed sliding bearing for a concrete floor slab,
Fig. 2
a highly schematic representation of the framing of the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a sliding bearing according to the invention, and
Fig. 3
a highly schematic representation of a filling point for the sliding bearing according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist eine stark schematisierte Gleitlagerung 1 zwischen einer Betonbodenplatte 2 und einem Unterbau 3 dargestellt. Der Unterbau 3 kann beispielsweise aus Beton oder einem anderen geeigneten Material, wie in den Figuren dargestellt, oder auch lediglich aus verfestigtem Erdreich bestehen.In Fig. 1 is a highly schematic slide bearing 1 between a concrete floor slab 2 and a substructure 3 shown. The substructure 3 may for example consist of concrete or other suitable material, as shown in the figures, or even only of consolidated soil.

Zwischen der Betonbodenplatte 2 und dem Unterbau 3 ist die erfindungsgemäße Gleitlagerung 1 angeordnet, welche eine erste Folie 4, eine zweite Folie 5 und zumindest eine zwischen den Folien 4, 5 angeordnete Schicht 6 umfasst, welche durchlässig für Gase und/oder Flüssigkeiten ist. Die durchlässige Schicht 6 kann dabei in Form eines Stoffes, insbesondere eines Vlieses, oder eines anderen geeigneten textilen Flächengebildes aus einzelnen Fasern ausgebildet sein. Auch Gewebe, Gestricke und Gewirke aus Garnen mit entsprechenden gas- und/oder flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Eigenschaften können für die zumindest eine durchlässige Schicht 6 verwendet werden.Between the concrete base plate 2 and the base 3, the sliding bearing 1 according to the invention is arranged, which comprises a first film 4, a second film 5 and at least one arranged between the films 4, 5 layer 6, which is permeable to gases and / or liquids. The permeable layer 6 may be formed in the form of a fabric, in particular a nonwoven, or another suitable textile fabric of individual fibers. Also, woven, knitted and knitted fabrics of yarns with corresponding gas and / or liquid-permeable properties can be used for the at least one permeable layer 6.

Die erste und die zweite Folie 4, 5 sind an ihren Rändern 7 rundum verbunden, beispielsweise kunststoffverschweißt, so dass ein luftdicht abgeschlossener Raum zwischen den beiden Folien 4, 5 entsteht. Eine derartige Verschweißung 8 ist beispielhaft in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Die Gleitlagerung 1 kann zudem, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, in ihren Randbereichen hochgebogen und durch eine Randumfassung 9, welche beispielsweise in Form eines L-förmigen Winkelprofils ausgebildet sein kann, unterstützt sein, wobei die Randumfassung 9 mit dem Unterbau 3 verbunden sein kann. Dadurch wird weiters sichergestellt, dass die Betonbodenplatte 2 während des Aushärtungsprozesses zuverlässig gestützt wird. Auch die Bildung von Rissen in der Betonbodenplatte 2 durch ein Auseinanderlaufen des Betons kann durch die Randumfassung 9 vermieden werden.The first and the second film 4, 5 are connected at their edges 7 all around, for example, plastic-welded, so that an airtight space between the two sheets 4, 5 is formed. Such a weld 8 is exemplified in FIG Fig. 2 shown. The slide bearing 1 can also, as from Fig. 2 can be seen bent up in their edge regions and by a Randumfassung 9, which, for example, in Form of an L-shaped angle profile can be supported, be supported, wherein the Randumfassung 9 may be connected to the base 3. This further ensures that the concrete floor slab 2 is reliably supported during the curing process. The formation of cracks in the concrete floor slab 2 by a divergence of the concrete can be avoided by the Randumfassung 9.

Wie aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, kann die Herstellung der Gleitlagerung 1 auch dadurch vereinfacht werden, dass die erste Folie 4 auf sich selbst bzw. auf die daraufgelegte zumindest eine durchlässige Schicht 6 zurückgefaltet wird, so dass die erste Folie 4 und die zweite Folie 5 zwei an einer Kante 10 miteinander verbundene Lagen der gleichen Kunststoffbahn darstellen. Dadurch kann die Verschweißung 8 an einem der Ränder 7 entfallen, wodurch Herstellungsaufwand und -kosten verringert werden können.How out Fig. 3 As can be seen, the production of the sliding bearing 1 can also be simplified by folding back the first film 4 onto itself or onto the at least one permeable layer 6, so that the first film 4 and the second film 5 two at an edge 10 represent interconnected layers of the same plastic sheet. As a result, the weld 8 can be omitted at one of the edges 7, whereby manufacturing costs and costs can be reduced.

Die Gleitlagerung 1 wird in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Weise hergestellt:The plain bearing 1 is produced in the manner described below:

Zunächst wird auf dem Unterbau 3 bzw. auf dem Untergrund die erste Folie 4 aufgelegt, sodann mit der zumindest einen durchlässigen Schicht 6 bedeckt und diese mit der zweiten Folie 5 bedeckt. Es können auch jeweils mehrere Schichten 6 bzw. Folienlagen 4, 5 vorgesehen sein. Auch eine Sandwichbauweise ist denkbar, wobei die zwischen den Folien 4, 5 gebildeten Lufträume miteinander in Verbindung stehen oder auch gegeneinander abgeschlossen sein können.First, the first film 4 is placed on the substructure 3 or on the substrate, then covered with the at least one permeable layer 6 and covered with the second film 5. It is also possible for a plurality of layers 6 or foil layers 4, 5 to be provided. Also, a sandwich construction is conceivable, wherein the air spaces formed between the sheets 4, 5 are in communication with each other or may be completed against each other.

Dann werden die Folien 4, 5 an ihren Rändern 7 luftdicht miteinander verbunden, wie oben beschrieben. Danach kann die Betonbodenplatte 2 auf der Gleitlagerung 1 betoniert werden. Kurz nach der Betonierung der Betonbodenplatte 2 wird ein flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium 14, ein Gas oder ein Fluid, in die zumindest eine durchlässige Schicht 6 zwischen den beiden Folien 4, 5 eingeleitet und auf diese Weise ein Mindestdruck erzeugt, welcher die Betonbodenplatte 2 trägt und dadurch bei Verformungsprozessen während der Verfestigung der Betonbodenplatte 2 diese unterstützt. Der Mindestdruck wird zumindest so lange gehalten, bis ein Teil der Schwindverkürzung der Betonbodenplatte 2 eingetreten ist, bis die Hydratationswärme abgeflossen ist bzw. bis die Betonbodenplatte 2 wieder Umgebungstemperatur angenommen hat.Then, the films 4, 5 are connected at their edges 7 airtight with each other, as described above. Thereafter, the concrete floor slab 2 can be concreted on the plain bearing 1. Shortly after the concreting of the concrete floor slab 2, a liquid or gaseous medium 14, a gas or a fluid is introduced into the at least one permeable layer 6 between the two foils 4, 5 and in this way generates a minimum pressure which supports the concrete floor slab 2 and thereby assisting during deformation processes during solidification of the concrete floor slab 2. The minimum pressure is maintained at least until a part of the shrinkage reduction of the concrete floor slab 2 has occurred until the heat of hydration has flowed off or until the concrete slab plate 2 has again reached ambient temperature.

Die Gleitlagerung 1 kann auch als vorgefertigtes Produkt auf dem Unterbau 3 ausgelegt werden, so dass die Folien 4, 5 mit der zumindest einen dazwischenliegenden Schicht 6 beispielsweise als Endlosware angeliefert und dann in situ lediglich zugeschnitten und verschweißt werden.The plain bearing 1 can also be designed as a prefabricated product on the substructure 3, so that the films 4, 5 are supplied with the at least one intermediate layer 6, for example as endless and then cut and welded in situ only.

Der Druck in der Gleitlagerung 1 kann auch mit einer Vorspannung der Betonbodenplatte 2 kombiniert werden, in welchem Fall die Gleitlagerung 1 vor der Beaufschlagung der Betonbodenplatte 2 mit einer Vorspannung mit dem Druck beaufschlagt wird. Eine zentrische Vorspannung kann zusätzlich erfolgen, so dass die durch das Schwinden und die Temperaturabsenkung auftretenden Verzerrungen kleiner als die Stauchung der Betonbodenplatte 2 durch die Vorspannung ist.The pressure in the sliding bearing 1 can also be combined with a bias of the concrete floor slab 2, in which case the plain bearing 1 is subjected to a pressure before the concrete bottom slab 2 is subjected to a bias. A centric bias can additionally take place, so that the distortion caused by the shrinkage and the temperature reduction is less than the compression of the concrete floor slab 2 by the bias.

Um eine gleichmäßige Lagerung zu erzielen, sollte der mittlere Druck in der Schicht 6 dem 0,3- bis 1,1-fachen, vorzugsweise dem 0,8- bis 1,0-fachen Eigengewicht der Betonbodenplatte 2 entsprechen. Zum Auspressen des Mediums 14 in der durchlässigen Schicht 6 können geeignete Materialien wie Zementmörtel oder tixotrope Flüssigkeiten oder auch eine Absaugungsanlage zur Absaugung des in der Schicht 6 vorhandenen Mediums 14 verwendet werden. Auch das Verbleiben des Mediums 14 in der Gleitlagerung 1 unter Aushärtung zu einer elastischen Dämpfungsschicht ist möglich.In order to achieve a uniform storage, the average pressure in the layer 6 should correspond to 0.3 to 1.1 times, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 times the weight of the concrete floor slab 2. For pressing out the medium 14 in the permeable layer 6, suitable materials such as cement mortar or tixotropic liquids or also a suction system for the extraction of the medium 14 present in the layer 6 can be used. Also, the remaining of the medium 14 in the sliding bearing 1 with curing to an elastic damping layer is possible.

Um das Medium 14 in die durchlässige Schicht 6 einzubringen, kann, wie aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, eine oder können mehrere Befüllstellen 11 vorgesehen sein, welche beispielsweise in Form eines Befüllventils 12 in der Folie 4 ausgebildet sein können. Das zumindest eine Befüllventil 12 erstreckt sich zumindest teilweise in zumindest eine die Betonbodenplatte 2 durchsetzende Ausnehmung 13 in der Betonbodenplatte 2 hinein, durch welche ein Anschluss zu einer Befüllvorrichtung an das Befüllventil 12 ansetzbar ist. Die Betonbodenplatte 2 weist somit nur eine oder mehrere kleine Ausnehmungen 13 auf, welche zudem in einfacher Weise verschließbar gestaltet werden können, so dass eine sehr homogene Ausbildung der Oberfläche der Betonbodenplatte 2 möglich ist.In order to introduce the medium 14 in the permeable layer 6, as can be Fig. 3 shows, one or more filling points 11 may be provided, which may be formed for example in the form of a filling valve 12 in the film 4. The at least one filling valve 12 extends at least partially into at least one recess 13 passing through the concrete base plate 2 in the concrete base plate 2, through which connection to a filling device on the filling valve 12 can be made. The concrete floor plate 2 thus has only one or more small recesses 13, which can also be made closable in a simple manner, so that a very homogeneous formation of the surface of the concrete floor slab 2 is possible.

Die Folien 4, 5 bestehen dabei vorzugsweise aus Polyethylen, Polypropylen oder Polyvinylchlorid und weisen pro Folienlage eine Reißkraft von mindestens 5N/cm in Längs - und Querrichtung auf. Die Reißfestigkeit pro Folienlage sollte in Längs- und Querrichtung mindestens 2000N/cm2 betragen. Die Reißdehnung ist pro Folienlage bis zu 400% in Längs - und Querrichtung anzusetzen.The foils 4, 5 are preferably made of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride and have a tear strength of at least 5 N / cm in the longitudinal and transverse direction per foil layer. The tear strength per film layer should be at least 2000 N / cm 2 in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The elongation at break can be set up to 400% in the longitudinal and transverse direction per film layer.

Die Schicht 6 besteht vorzugsweise aus Polypropylen oder Polyester bei einem Gewicht von 100 bis 500 g/m2 pro Schicht 6. Die Dicke jeder einzelnen Schicht 6 liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 1mm und 4 mm. Die Höchstzugkräfte je Schicht 6 betragen vorzugsweise zwischen 9,5 bis 30 kN/m. Die Wasserdurchlässigkeit der Schicht 6 ist bei einem Wert von ca. 3·10-3 anzusetzen.The layer 6 is preferably made of polypropylene or polyester at a weight of 100 to 500 g / m 2 per layer 6. The thickness of each individual layer 6 is preferably between 1 mm and 4 mm. The maximum tensile forces per layer 6 are preferably between 9.5 to 30 kN / m. The water permeability of the layer 6 is to be set at a value of about 3 × 10 -3 .

Die gas- und/oder flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht 6 weist dabei einen Elastizitätsmodul normal zur Mittelebene der Schicht 6 auf. Wird das Eigengewicht der Betonplatte 2 durch einen Luft- oder Wasserdruck in der Schicht 6 kompensiert, wird die Schicht 6, die durch das Eigengewicht der Betonplatte 2 gestaucht wurde, ihre ursprüngliche Dickenausdehnung wieder erreichen, wenn linear elastisches Materialverhalten in der Schicht 6 normal zur Mittelebene der Schicht 6 vorausgesetzt wird. Dieser Effekt kann günstig sein, wenn durch eine ausreichende Dicke der Schicht 6, z.B. durch die Verwendung mehrerer Vlieslagen, Unebenheiten des Untergrundes bei den Verformungen der Betonplatte 2 (z.B. beim Vorspannen, infolge Abfließen der Hydrationswärme, Schneiden oder Temperatur) auszugleichen sind.The gas and / or liquid-permeable layer 6 has a modulus of elasticity normal to the median plane of the layer 6. If the weight of the concrete slab 2 compensated by an air or water pressure in the layer 6, the layer 6, which was compressed by the weight of the concrete slab 2, reach their original thickness extent again, if linear elastic material behavior in the layer 6 normal to the median plane the layer 6 is assumed. This effect may be beneficial if, due to a sufficient thickness of the layer 6, e.g. by the use of several layers of non-woven fabric, to compensate for unevenness of the substrate during the deformations of the concrete slab 2 (for example during tempering, as a result of the heat of hydration flowing away, cutting or temperature).

Es kann weiterhin von Vorteil sein, den Druck in der Schicht, 6 zu bestimmten Zeitpunkten während der Lebensdauer der Betonplatte 2 zu erhöhen, um zwischenzeitlich aufgetretene Reibungskräfte zwischen Betonplatte 2 und Untergrund 3 beispielsweise aus Verkürzungen der Betonplatte 2 infolge Schwinden oder Kriechen bei vorgespannter Betonplatte 2 abzubauen. Dies funktioniert besonders gut bei Betonplatten 2, die keine hohen ständigen Auflasten tragen, also z.B. bei Straßen oder Flug- und Landepisten.It may also be advantageous to increase the pressure in the layer 6 at specific times during the service life of the concrete slab 2 to intermittent frictional forces between the concrete slab 2 and substrate 3, for example from shortening the concrete slab 2 due to shrinkage or creep in prestressed concrete slab 2 dismantle. This works particularly well for concrete slabs 2 which do not carry high permanent loads, e.g. at roads or air and airstrips.

Die zumindest eine Schicht 6 verhindert ein allfälliges Verkleben der beiden Folien 4, 5, z.B. durch Feuchtigkeit; in der zumindest einen Schicht 6 kann sich die Luft langsam, und gleichmäßig ausbreiten.The at least one layer 6 prevents any adhesion of the two foils 4, 5, e.g. by moisture; in the at least one layer 6, the air can spread slowly and evenly.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele, sondern umfasst auch die Herstellung einer Betonplatte, die nach dem Aushärten auf der Gleitlagerung von dieser abgehoben wird und für Bauwerke beliebiger Art eingesetzt wird.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but also includes the production of a concrete slab, which is lifted after curing on the sliding bearing of this and is used for structures of any kind.

Claims (26)

  1. A gliding bed (1) for a concrete slab, preferably for a concrete bottom slab (2), wherein the gliding bed (1) comprises a first film (4) and a second film (5), the first film (4) can be brought into contact with a foundation (3) of the concrete bottom slab (2) and the second film (5) can be brought into contact with a bottom side of the concrete bottom slab (2) by pouring concrete onto the second film (5) and which films (4, 5) are tightly connected to each other at their edges (7), characterized in that at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer formed from a fleece (6) and/or a textile fabric, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric is provided between the films (4, 5).
  2. A gliding bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer (6) is formed from polypropylene or polyester.
  3. A gliding bed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first film (4) and/or the second film (5) is/are designed in multiple layers.
  4. A gliding bed according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the films (4, 5) are formed from polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.
  5. A gliding bed according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, after the concreting of the concrete slab (2), a liquid or gaseous medium (14) penetrating the layer (6) can be introduced into the gliding bed (1) through at least one filling point (11).
  6. A gliding bed according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one filling point (11) is provided with a filling valve (12) in the film (4) facing the concrete slab (2).
  7. A gliding bed according to claim 6, characterized in that, correspondingly to the at least one filling valve (12), at least one recess (13) penetrating the concrete slab (2) is provided in the concrete slab (2).
  8. A gliding bed according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a filling device can be attached to the at least one filling valve (12).
  9. A gliding bed according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the gliding bed (1) terminates flush with the concrete slab (2).
  10. A gliding bed according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a peripheral enclosure (9) preferably having an L-profile and the dimension of the circumference of the concrete slab (2) to be formed is provided.
  11. A gliding bed according to claim 10, characterized in that the gliding bed (1) continues between the concrete slab (2) and the peripheral enclosure (9).
  12. A process for the production of a concrete slab, preferably a concrete bottom slab (2), using a gliding bed (1) according to any of claims 1 to 11 is characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
    - placing a first film (4) preferably on the foundation (3) of a concrete bottom slab (2),
    - placing at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer (6), formed from a fleece and/or a textile fabric, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, on the first film (4),
    - covering the at least one layer (6) with a second film (5),
    - hermetically interconnecting the films (4, 5) at their edges (7),
    - concreting the concrete slab (2) on the gliding bed (1),
    - introducing a liquid or gaseous medium (14) into the gliding bed (1) at a predetermined minimum pressure, and
    - maintaining the minimum pressure in the gliding bed (1) until the concrete slab (2) has cured.
  13. A process according to claim 12, characterized in that the medium (14) is left in the layer (6), while the medium (14) hardens.
  14. A process according to claim 12, characterized in that pressing out or conveying out the medium (14) present in the at least one layer (6) follows as a further processing step, preferably after the concrete has cured at least partially.
  15. A process according to claim 12, characterized in that a further processing step follows in which the medium (14) present in the at least one layer (6) is replaced at least partially by a different medium (14).
  16. A process for the production of a concrete slab, preferably a concrete bottom slab (2), using a gliding bed (1) according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
    - placing a film (4) on a subsurface,
    - placing at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer (6), formed from a fleece and/or a textile fabric, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, on the first film (4),
    - covering the at least one layer (6) with a second film (5),
    - hermetically connecting the films (4, 5) at their edges,
    - subsequently, placing the bond formed from the two films (4, 5) and the intermediate layer (6) on a foundation of the concrete slab to be produced,
    - concreting the concrete slab (2) on the bond,
    - introducing a liquid or gaseous medium (14) into the bond at a predetermined minimum pressure, and
    - maintaining the minimum pressure in the bond until the concrete slab (2) has cured.
  17. A process according to any of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the medium (14) is introduced into the gliding bed (1) at a pressure which is equal to 0.3 to 1.1 times, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 times, the dead weight of the concrete slab (2).
  18. A process according to any of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the pressure build-up in the layer (6) occurs prior to the discharge of the hydration heat of the concrete slab (2).
  19. A process according to claim 18, characterized in that the pressure in the layer (6) is maintained until the concrete slab (2) has reached ambient temperature.
  20. A process according to any of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that the pressure build-up in the layer (6) occurs prior to the application of pretensioning to the concrete slab (2).
  21. A process according to any of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the medium (14) undergoes a change in its physical properties by a chemical reaction during or after the discharge of the hydration heat and during or after the onset of the shrinkage contraction of the concrete slab (2).
  22. A process according to any of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that the medium (14) is at first provided in a liquid state and, after completion of a polymerization reaction, forms a permanent, preferably elastic structure.
  23. A process according to any of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that the change of the medium (14) is influenceable by the action of heat, in particular by utilization of the hydration heat or by enhanced heating after the concrete slab (2) has cured.
  24. A process according to any of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that the medium (14) is a thixotropic gel.
  25. A structure comprising a foundation (3), a gliding bed (1) and a concrete bottom slab (2), characterized in that the gliding bed (1) comprises a first film (4) and a second film (5), which films (4, 5) are tightly connected to each other at edges (7) and between which films (4, 5) at least one gas- and liquid-permeable layer (6) formed from a fleece and/or a textile fabric, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric is formed, wherein the first film (4) lies on the foundation (3) of the concrete bottom slab (2) and the second film (5) lies on a bottom side of the concrete bottom slab (2) by pouring concrete onto the second film (5).
  26. A structure according to claim 25, characterized in that a hardened medium (14), preferably of an elastic nature, is present between the films (4, 5).
EP07855363A 2006-12-22 2007-12-20 Gliding bed for concrete slabs, method for the production of a concrete slab, and structure with a gliding bed Not-in-force EP2094913B1 (en)

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AT0213106A AT504483B1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 SLIDING STORAGE FOR CONCRETE PLATES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONCRETE PLATE AND CONSTRUCTION WORK WITH SLIDING STORAGE
PCT/AT2007/000578 WO2008077167A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-12-20 Gliding bed for concrete slabs, method for the production of a concrete slab, and structure with a gliding bed

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CN101611197B (en) 2012-05-23
RU2450097C2 (en) 2012-05-10
AT504483B1 (en) 2008-06-15
AU2007336687A1 (en) 2008-07-03
WO2008077167A1 (en) 2008-07-03
AT504483A4 (en) 2008-06-15
CN101611197A (en) 2009-12-23
EP2094913A1 (en) 2009-09-02
US20100015388A1 (en) 2010-01-21
US8297003B2 (en) 2012-10-30
RU2009128210A (en) 2011-01-27
AU2007336687B2 (en) 2013-08-22

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