EP2090667B1 - Device and method for heating workpieces - Google Patents

Device and method for heating workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2090667B1
EP2090667B1 EP09000089A EP09000089A EP2090667B1 EP 2090667 B1 EP2090667 B1 EP 2090667B1 EP 09000089 A EP09000089 A EP 09000089A EP 09000089 A EP09000089 A EP 09000089A EP 2090667 B1 EP2090667 B1 EP 2090667B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
burner
heating device
control unit
burner nozzles
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Not-in-force
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EP09000089A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2090667A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf-Josef Schwartz
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Individual
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Priority to PL09000089T priority Critical patent/PL2090667T3/en
Publication of EP2090667A1 publication Critical patent/EP2090667A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/08—Surface hardening with flames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heating workpieces, comprising a transport means with which the workpieces are successively and / or next to each other by a heating device transportable. Furthermore, the device provides a plurality of burner nozzles for heating the workpieces in the transport path through the heating device.
  • the invention further relates to a method for heating workpieces with said device.
  • workpieces In order to subject workpieces to a heat treatment in an oven, they can be deposited on transport rollers with which the workpieces are transported from a feed opening by a heating device to a removal opening. The workpieces are heated to a specified target temperature on this transport path.
  • the workpieces can be, for example, objects made of metal, glass plates or ceramic parts. In many cases, roller hearth furnaces are used for this purpose.
  • Jet, baffle or impingement heating with air-gas mixture or Oxifuel are also known.
  • German patent publication DE 10 2004 028 236 B3 a method for heating workpieces prior to forming, wherein impact jets are used in a nozzle field to convectively heat a workpiece with a fluid.
  • To DE 3202476 A1 means are provided for detecting whether there is fuel on the conveyor in the oven, means for proportioning to the transport speed through the oven, outputting timing signals, and means for opening and closing one or more gas valves under the control of the detection means and the timer signals.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a heating device and an associated heating method, with which arbitrarily shaped components can be heated evenly and economically in a small space, According to the invention, this object is achieved by a heating device having the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the device will become apparent from the dependent claims 2-10. The object is further achieved by a method according to claim 11. Advantageous embodiments of the method emerge from the dependent claims 12-16.
  • the invention provides a device for heating workpieces, comprising a transport means with which the workpieces can be transported one after the other and / or next to one another by a heating device.
  • the heating device further comprises a plurality of burner nozzles for heating the workpieces in the transport path through the heating device. According to the burner nozzles are separated by a control unit separately switched on and off.
  • the entire heating device can be designed stand-alone, or it is, for example, positioned in front of or behind another furnace.
  • the device comprises detection means for determining the approximate outlines and the position of the workpieces in the heating device, the detection means being in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles.
  • the detection means may be, for example, a plurality of light barriers, inductive sensors and / or an image recognition device.
  • the device further comprises means for determining the transport speed of the workpieces, which means are also in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles.
  • the heating device has at least one burner box, in each of which there are a plurality of burner nozzles, which are fed by a burner.
  • a burner is preferably operated with a gaseous fuel and an oxygen enrichment.
  • the oxygen enrichment can be operated according to the pressure swing process.
  • a burner is ignitable, for example, with a pilot flame or a Hochnapsszündstab.
  • the monitoring of a burner can be done with a UV cell or an ionization bar.
  • the invention further comprises a method for heating workpieces, in which the workpieces are transported by a means of transport one behind the other and / or side by side by a heating device, wherein a plurality of burner nozzles heat the workpieces on the transport path through the heating means.
  • the inventive method is characterized in that the burner nozzles during the transport of the workpieces by the heating device by a control unit separately switched on and off, wherein those burner nozzles are switched, which are on the transport path of the workpieces in the region of the contours of the workpieces while shutting off those burner nozzles which are located on the transport path of the workpieces outside the contours of the workpieces.
  • detection means of the heating means determine the approximate outlines and the position of the workpieces in the heating means, and this information is transmitted from the detection means to the control unit of the burner nozzles. Furthermore, the transport speed of the workpieces is determined, and this information about the transport speed is also transmitted to the control unit of the burner nozzles.
  • the method provides that the control unit from the information about the approximate contours and / or the position of the workpieces in the heating device (10) and the information about the transport speed of the workpieces as needed, the burner nozzles on and off.
  • control unit can switch the burner nozzles on and off according to a scheme stored in the control unit.
  • the invention solves the object of the invention in an advantageous manner, since it can vote the burner function of a heating device selectively to the shape and position of the workpieces to be heated.
  • the selective control does not use fuel gas in areas where there is no heat. Due to the optimal arrangement of the nozzle spacing both to each other and to the Wärmgut further high yield of fuel gas energy is ensured.
  • the invention also makes use of the already existing drive the transport rollers of the curing oven for transporting the goods in a favorable manner.
  • Fig. 1 an embodiment of the inventive heating device 10 for workpieces is shown in a cross section.
  • Workpieces 20, 20 'and 20 are flat sheet metal blanks that are heated to a target temperature in a furnace 10.
  • the blanks may be formed in any manner and typically have large cross-sectional changes and thus different shapes.
  • the workpieces 20, 20 'and 20 are transported on a transporting means 30 by the heating device 10, wherein, for example, a plurality of rotating transporting rollers are arranged one behind the other, which continuously transport the workpieces through the furnace They must be able to withstand particularly high temperatures of up to 1500 ° C. and strong temperature changes within the device, which can be achieved for example by ceramic materials and / or cooling in the drive shafts.
  • a front burner box 60 is shown, through which three sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "move at the same time at the same time.
  • the individual burner nozzles are each located in a common air- or water-cooled channel, which can also serve as a support element of the individual nozzles are separately activatable and deactivatable by a control, not shown, so that the nozzles can be selectively switched on and off, whereby it can also be provided that several groups of burner nozzles can be selectively switched on and off Fig. 1 If the nozzles 40 are activated in those areas where sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "are located, the nozzles 50, which are arranged in areas where there is no sheet metal blank, are not switched on.
  • the control of the individual burner nozzles is preferably carried out on the basis of signals from a plurality of sensors which detect workpieces on the transport means and are able to determine the approximate outlines of the individual workpieces and their position.
  • sensors for example, light barriers 80 can be used, as shown in the Fig. 2 are shown at the beginning of the transport route.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a heating device according to Fig. 1 wherein a plurality of transport rollers 30, 31 and 33 move a workpiece 20 through the apparatus.
  • any sensors can be used with which the presence and the approximate shape of an object in a defined area can be detected.
  • inductive sensors can be used which detect the movement of a workpiece in a magnetic field.
  • image recognition methods can be used in which images of areas of the device are recorded and evaluated by one or more cameras in order to detect objects in the recorded areas. With image recognition methods, the outlines of objects can be determined particularly well.
  • the sensors 80 detect the sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "and send corresponding signals to a control unit, not shown, wherein the signals contain information on which areas on the means of transport one or more workpieces were detected, whereby also contours of the workpieces can be detected
  • the control unit uses these signals, and preferably also information about the speed of transport of the workpieces, to selectively control those burner nozzles which are located above and / or below the transport path of the respective work piece the sensors detect and through the control unit those burner nozzles are not activated, which are in the space between the two boards or next to it.
  • a sufficient number of sensors should be provided
  • the transport speed of the workpieces should also be taken into account, so that the first burner nozzles already pass again after passing through the board contour can be switched off while other burner nozzles are switched on as soon as a board has reached the respective transport position, which was calculated by the control unit.
  • the heating device for example, four burner boxes 60, 61, 70 and 71, of which two are arranged above and below the transport rollers 31, 32 and 33 of the transport means 30, respectively.
  • two burner boxes are arranged one behind the other, but it can also be provided more burner boxes.
  • the two rows of burner boxes are preferably arranged offset from one another, so that the upper burner boxes 60 and 61 are arranged offset to the lower burner boxes 70 and 71.
  • the heating can also be done with only one burner box or burner channel in which a plurality of burner nozzles are selectively switched on.
  • a burner box has a rectangular shape, but it can also be designed, for example, round or oval. The size of the burner box is always so large that one or more burner nozzles can be installed.
  • a material for a burner box for example, ceramic or metal is used, whose properties are selected according to the expected ambient temperatures. Furthermore, a burner box should withstand high temperatures and temperature fluctuations, which is the case, for example, with fiber composite ceramics.
  • the fuel gas lines to the individual burner nozzles are exemplified by a burner channel, which is cooled by fresh air flowing through it, to avoid premature thermal splitting of the fuel gas.
  • the heating device 10 may be fixedly connected to a curing oven.
  • the heating device is a mobile unit that is not firmly connected to a furnace, but instead Can also be used for different ovens to improve the performance of the respective stove as a booster.
  • the heating device is used, for example behind a curing oven to partially achieve a particular heating or cooling of the goods. This may be the case, for example, when zones of higher or lower hardness or elongation are to be achieved after the mold hardening process.
  • one or more sinkers 20, 20 'and 20 are manually or mechanically driven onto the transport rollers 31, 32 and 33 and moved through the apparatus as shown in Figs Fig. 3 is shown in a plan view.
  • the assignment of the light barriers 80, which are located exactly in line with the burner nozzles, is measured.
  • the speed of the sheet metal blanks is measured by incremental encoders of the roller drives or by an image inspection system. Before the sheets reach the burner rows, they thus pass through individual light beams which, in combination with the driving speed, cause the on and off states of the individual burners, which is calculated by the control unit of the burner nozzles on the basis of the available information.
  • a further embodiment of the invention involves the reduction of the nitrogen ballast, which consumes a considerable part of the heat generated in the combustion with air and the good heating is not available. This is achieved in the burner by using pure oxygen or an oxygen-enriched air, for example of 90% O 2 + 10% N 2 .
  • the oxygenation is preferably operated according to the pressure change process. This is the preferred process for economic reasons, since the purity of the oxygen is of minor importance.
  • the firing temperature of about 1800 ° C can be increased to 2800 ° C, which has a direct effect on the heat transfer coefficient a.
  • the flame speed of about 1m / s can be increased to about 10m / s, which also has a positive effect on the heat transfer coefficient.
  • the burners can be ignited with electrical ignition voltage or with a pilot flame.
  • the required safety monitoring is carried out, for example, with a UV cell or preferably with an ionization bar. This can be designed exclusively for the pilot burner or for each burner individually.
  • the burner control may also be carried out successively from the permanently burning pilot flame or with an ignition transformer and ignition rod for each individual burner.
  • multiple bus valves can be used. These valves are preceded by a safety valve line, which is advantageously equipped with a tightness control system according to EN 746 ff.
  • the number and length of the nozzle body to be used can be selected specifically.
  • a plurality of nozzle bodies can be coupled to the device and decoupled.
  • the possible working length of the heating device can be adjusted.
  • the exemplary apparatus may be used to preheat sheet metal blanks for passenger car B-pillars from room temperature to about 500 ° C, which are then heated to about 950 ° C in a roller hearth curing furnace and then molded and quenched (cured) in a chilled tool.
  • the tempered steel often used for this purpose is provided on both sides with an approximately 30 ⁇ m thick aluminum layer, which has an emission factor of only 10%. This aluminum must be heated at about 500 ° C, ie below the melting temperature, so that it both oxidizes and diffuses into the base steel. Often zinc or silicon are alloyed to the aluminum.
  • the usual sheet thickness is between 0.5 to 4mm.
  • the throughput amounts to about 3 to 5 tons of steel per hour. After diffusion and oxidation, the board can be heated to the final temperature as quickly as possible with the now excellent emission factor of approx. 80%. This can be done without the risk of a melt phase of the aluminum coating, which often leads to roll damage in the curing oven.
  • a previously bare steel sheet in its surface can be dull annealed so that a loose scale layer can be avoided.
  • the heat transfer by radiation is high enough in the subsequent inert gas curing oven.
  • a particular application of the invention is the subsequent installation in front of or behind existing furnaces in order to increase their production capacity in an economical form. This is often done for steel strip annealing, but has the disadvantage in conventional heating devices that the individual burner can not be selectively adapted to the crop shape, which leads to a significant reduction in the firing efficiency.

Abstract

In apparatus (10) for heating workpieces (20,20,20''), having multiple burner jets (40, 50) for heating the workpieces during passage in series and/or parallel through the apparatus on a transporter (30), the burner jets are independently switchable on and off by a control unit. An independent claim is included for a corresponding workpiece heating procedure, in which the burner jets (40) located within the workpiece contour regions of the workpiece transport path are switched on and the burner jets (50) located outside the workpiece contour regions of the workpiece transport path are switched off.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung von Werkstücken, umfassend ein Transportmittel, mit welchem die Werkstücke hintereinander und/oder nebeneinander durch eine Erwärmungseinrichtung transportierbar sind. Ferner sieht die Vorrichtung mehrere Brennerdüsen zur Erwärmung der Werkstücke auf dem Transportweg durch die Erwärmungseinrichtung vor.The invention relates to a device for heating workpieces, comprising a transport means with which the workpieces are successively and / or next to each other by a heating device transportable. Furthermore, the device provides a plurality of burner nozzles for heating the workpieces in the transport path through the heating device.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Erwärmung von Werkstücken mit der genannten Vorrichtung.The invention further relates to a method for heating workpieces with said device.

Um Werkstücke einer Wärmebehandlung In einem Ofen zu unterziehen, können diese auf Transportrollen abgelegt werden, mit denen die Werkstücke von einer Beschickungsöffnung durch eine Erwärmungseinrichtung zu einer Entnahmeöffnung transportiert werden. Die Werkstücke werden auf diesem Transportweg auf eine vorgegebene Zieltemperatur erwärmt. Bei den Werkstücken kann es sich beispielsweise um Gegenstände aus Metall, Glasplatten oder Keramikteile handeln. Vielfach werden für diese Zwecke Rollenherdöfen verwendet.In order to subject workpieces to a heat treatment in an oven, they can be deposited on transport rollers with which the workpieces are transported from a feed opening by a heating device to a removal opening. The workpieces are heated to a specified target temperature on this transport path. The workpieces can be, for example, objects made of metal, glass plates or ceramic parts. In many cases, roller hearth furnaces are used for this purpose.

Bei dieser Art der Erwärmung kommt es zunehmend auf den Nutzungsgrad des Brennstoffs sowie auf den Platzbedarf der Anlage an. In den Öfen wird für die Erwärmung der Werkstücke hauptsächlich infrarote Strahlung oder Konvektion verwendet, wodurch die Einsatzfähigkeit der Öfen beschränkt ist. Infrarotwärme ist bei überwiegend blanken Bauteilen aufgrund deren Reflexion nur sehr langsam zu übertragen, was lange Öfen mit entsprechendem Platzbedarf erfordert. Wird dagegen Konvektionswärme verwendet, indem beispielsweise heiße und durch Ventilatoren beschleunigte Luft in einen Ofen geleitet wird, lässt sich die Konvektionswärme nur bis etwa 750°C wirtschaftlich übertragen. Die Baugrößen dieser Öfen und damit auch die Kosten sind relativ hoch.In this type of heating, it increasingly depends on the degree of utilization of the fuel and the space required by the plant. The furnaces use mainly infrared radiation or convection for the heating of the workpieces, which limits the usability of the furnaces. Infrared heat is only very slowly transmitted with predominantly bare components due to their reflection, which requires long furnaces with corresponding space requirements. Becomes By contrast, using convection heat, for example, by passing hot and fan-accelerated air into an oven, the convection heat can only be economically transferred to about 750 ° C. The sizes of these ovens and thus the costs are relatively high.

Jet-, Pralldüsen- oder Impingement-Erwärmung mit Luft-Gas-Gemisch oder auch Oxifuel sind ebenfalls bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die deutsche Patentschrift DE 10 2004 028 236 B3 ein Verfahren zur Erwärmung von Werkstücken vor der Umformung, bei dem in einem Düsenfeld Prallstrahlen verwendet werden, um ein Werkstück mit einem Fluid konvektiv zu erwärmen.Jet, baffle or impingement heating with air-gas mixture or Oxifuel are also known. For example, the German patent publication DE 10 2004 028 236 B3 a method for heating workpieces prior to forming, wherein impact jets are used in a nozzle field to convectively heat a workpiece with a fluid.

Aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 1 816 219 A1 ist ferner ein Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Stahlbändern mittels direkter Flammenbeheizung bekannt. Die Erwärmung eines Stahlbands erfolgt durch mehrere Boosterbrenner, die senkrecht zur Bandoberfläche angeordnet sind, wobei die von den Brennern erzeugten Flammen den gesamten Querschnitt des Stahlbands einhüllen. Innerhalb der Flammen wird die Stöchiometrie in Abhängigkeit von der Ausgangstemperatur und der Zieltemperatur definiert. Durch die Hüllflammen wird so eine gleichmäßige und definierte Erwärmung des Stahlbands erreicht, das kontinuierlich durch den Ofen bewegt wird.From the European patent application EP 1 816 219 A1 Furthermore, a method for heat treatment of steel strips by means of direct flame heating is known. The heating of a steel strip is effected by a plurality of booster burners, which are arranged perpendicular to the strip surface, wherein the flames produced by the burners envelop the entire cross section of the steel strip. Within the flames, the stoichiometry is defined as a function of the starting temperature and the target temperature. The enveloping flames thus achieve a uniform and defined heating of the steel strip, which is continuously moved through the furnace.

Nach DE 3202476 A1 sind Mittel vorgesehen zum Detektieren, ob auf dem Transportorgan im Ofen Brenngut vorhanden ist, Mittel zum proportional zu der Transportgeschwindigkeit durch den Ofen Abgeben von Zeitgeber- signalen, und Mittel zum Öffnen und Schließen eines oder mehrerer Gasventile unter Steuerung der Detektionsmittel und der Zeitgebersignale.To DE 3202476 A1 means are provided for detecting whether there is fuel on the conveyor in the oven, means for proportioning to the transport speed through the oven, outputting timing signals, and means for opening and closing one or more gas valves under the control of the detection means and the timer signals.

Die bekannten Verfahren und ihre zugehörigen Öfen besitzen jedoch allgemein den Nachteil, dass sie nicht selektiv die jeweilige Form eines Werkstücks berücksichtigen können. Düsen feuern also zu einem Großteil in Bereiche des Ofens, in denen sich kein Werkstück befindet, so dass bis zu 80% der erzeugten Brennerenergie ungenutzt bleiben.However, the known methods and their associated ovens generally have the disadvantage that they can not selectively take into account the particular shape of a workpiece. Thus, most of the jets fire in areas of the furnace where there is no workpiece, leaving up to 80% of the burner energy generated unused.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Erwärmungsvorrichtung und ein zugehöriges Erwärmungsverfahren zu schaffen, mit dem beliebig geformte Bauteile wirtschaftlich und auf kleinem Bauraum gleichmäßig erwärmt werden können, Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Erwärmungsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Vorrichtung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 2-10. Die Aufgabe wird ferner durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 12-16.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a heating device and an associated heating method, with which arbitrarily shaped components can be heated evenly and economically in a small space, According to the invention, this object is achieved by a heating device having the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the device will become apparent from the dependent claims 2-10. The object is further achieved by a method according to claim 11. Advantageous embodiments of the method emerge from the dependent claims 12-16.

Die Erfindung sieht eine Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung von Werkstücken, umfassend ein Transportmittel, mit welchem die Werkstücke hintereinander und/oder nebeneinander durch eine Erwärmungseinrichtung transportierbar sind, vor. Die Erwärmungseinrichtung umfasst ferner mehrere Brennerdüsen zur Erwärmung der Werkstücke auf dem Transportweg durch die Erwärmungseinrichtung. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Brennerdüsen durch eine Steuereinheit getrennt voneinander zu- und abschaltbar. Die gesamte Erwärmungseinrichtung kann allein stehend ausgeführt sein, oder sie ist beispielsweise vor oder hinter einem weiteren Ofen positioniert.The invention provides a device for heating workpieces, comprising a transport means with which the workpieces can be transported one after the other and / or next to one another by a heating device. The heating device further comprises a plurality of burner nozzles for heating the workpieces in the transport path through the heating device. According to the burner nozzles are separated by a control unit separately switched on and off. The entire heating device can be designed stand-alone, or it is, for example, positioned in front of or behind another furnace.

Vorzugsweise weist die Vorrichtung Detektionsmittel zur Bestimmung der ungefähren Umrisse und der Position der Werkstücke in der Erwärmungseinrichtung auf, wobei die Detektionsmittel in Verbindung mit der Steuereinheit der Brennerdüsen stehen. Bei den Detektionsmitteln kann es sich beispielsweise um mehrere Lichtschranken, induktive Sensoren und/oder eine Bilderkennungseinrichtung handeln. Die Vorrichtung weist ferner Mittel zur Bestimmung der Transportgeschwindigkeit der Werkstücke auf, wobei diese Mittel ebenfalls in Verbindung mit der Steuereinheit der Brennerdüsen stehen.Preferably, the device comprises detection means for determining the approximate outlines and the position of the workpieces in the heating device, the detection means being in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles. The detection means may be, for example, a plurality of light barriers, inductive sensors and / or an image recognition device. The device further comprises means for determining the transport speed of the workpieces, which means are also in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles.

In einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist die Erwärmungseinrichtung wenigstens einen Brennerkasten auf, in dem sich jeweils mehrere Brennerdüsen befinden, die von einem Brenner gespeist werden. Ein Brenner wird vorzugsweise mit einem gasförmigen Brennstoff und einer Sauerstoffanreicherung betrieben. Dabei kann die Sauerstoffanreicherung nach dem Druckwechselverfahren betrieben werden.In one embodiment of the invention, the heating device has at least one burner box, in each of which there are a plurality of burner nozzles, which are fed by a burner. A burner is preferably operated with a gaseous fuel and an oxygen enrichment. The oxygen enrichment can be operated according to the pressure swing process.

Ein Brenner ist beispielsweise mit einer Pilotflamme oder einem Hochspannungszündstab zündbar. Die Überwachung eines Brenners kann mit einer UV-Zelle oder einem Ionisationsstab erfolgen.A burner is ignitable, for example, with a pilot flame or a Hochspannungszündstab. The monitoring of a burner can be done with a UV cell or an ionization bar.

Von der Erfindung umfasst ist ferner ein Verfahren zur Erwärmung von Werkstücken, bei dem die Werkstücke mit einem Transportmittel hintereinander und/oder nebeneinander durch eine Erwärmungseinrichtung transportiert werden, wobei mehrere Brennerdüsen die Werkstücke auf dem Transportweg durch die Erwärmungseinrichtung erwärmen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Brennerdüsen während des Transports der Werkstücke durch die Erwärmungseinrichtung durch eine Steuereinheit getrennt voneinander zu- und abgeschaltet werden, wobei diejenigen Brennerdüsen zugeschaltet werden, welche sich auf dem Transportweg der Werkstücke im Bereich der Konturen der Werkstücke befinden, während diejenigen Brennerdüsen abgeschaltet werden, welche sich auf dem Transportweg der Werkstücke außerhalb der Konturen der Werkstücke befinden.The invention further comprises a method for heating workpieces, in which the workpieces are transported by a means of transport one behind the other and / or side by side by a heating device, wherein a plurality of burner nozzles heat the workpieces on the transport path through the heating means. The inventive method is characterized in that the burner nozzles during the transport of the workpieces by the heating device by a control unit separately switched on and off, wherein those burner nozzles are switched, which are on the transport path of the workpieces in the region of the contours of the workpieces while shutting off those burner nozzles which are located on the transport path of the workpieces outside the contours of the workpieces.

Vorzugsweise bestimmen Detektionsmittel der Erwärmungseinrichtung die ungefähren Umrisse und die Position der Werkstücke in der Erwärmungseinrichtung, und diese Informationen werden von den Detektionsmitteln an die Steuereinheit der Brennerdüsen übermittelt. Ferner wird die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Werkstücke bestimmt, und diese Information über die Transportgeschwindigkeit wird ebenfalls an die Steuereinheit der Brennerdüsen übermittelt. In diesem Fall sieht das Verfahren vor, dass die Steuereinheit aus den Informationen über die ungefähren Umrisse und/oder die Position der Werkstücke in der Erwärmungseinrichtung (10) und der Information über die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Werkstücke bedarfsweise die Brennerdüsen zu- und abschaltet.Preferably, detection means of the heating means determine the approximate outlines and the position of the workpieces in the heating means, and this information is transmitted from the detection means to the control unit of the burner nozzles. Furthermore, the transport speed of the workpieces is determined, and this information about the transport speed is also transmitted to the control unit of the burner nozzles. In this case, the method provides that the control unit from the information about the approximate contours and / or the position of the workpieces in the heating device (10) and the information about the transport speed of the workpieces as needed, the burner nozzles on and off.

Alternativ kann die Steuereinheit die Brennerdüsen auch nach einem in der Steuereinheit hinterlegten Schema zu- und abschalten.Alternatively, the control unit can switch the burner nozzles on and off according to a scheme stored in the control unit.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe der Erfindung auf vorteilhafte Weise, da sie die Brennerfunktion einer Erwärmungseinrichtung selektiv auf die Form und Position der zu erwärmenden Werkstücke abstimmen kann. Durch die selektive Steuerung wird kein Brenngas in Bereichen verwendet, in denen sich kein Wärmgut befindet. Durch die optimale Anordnung des Düsenabstandes sowohl zueinander als auch zum Wärmgut wird ferner eine hohe Ausbeute der Brenngasenergie sichergestellt.The invention solves the object of the invention in an advantageous manner, since it can vote the burner function of a heating device selectively to the shape and position of the workpieces to be heated. The selective control does not use fuel gas in areas where there is no heat. Due to the optimal arrangement of the nozzle spacing both to each other and to the Wärmgut further high yield of fuel gas energy is ensured.

Weitere positive Effekte ergeben sich aus der deutlich verringerten CO2- und NOx-Emmission. Die Erfindung nutzt dabei auch auf günstige Weise den ohnehin vorhandenen Antrieb der Transportrollen des Härteofens zum Transport des Gutes.Further positive effects result from the significantly reduced CO 2 and NO x emissions. The invention also makes use of the already existing drive the transport rollers of the curing oven for transporting the goods in a favorable manner.

Weitere Vorteile, Besonderheiten und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Darstellung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Abbildungen.Further advantages, features and expedient developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Von den Abbildungen zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Erwärmungsvorrichtung in einem Querschnitt;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung der Erwärmungsvorrichtung aus Figur 1 mit vier Brennerkästen in einem Längsschnitt; und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Draufsicht auf Werkstücke beim Transport durch einen Ofen.
From the pictures shows:
Fig. 1
an embodiment of the heating device according to the invention in a cross section;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of the heating device FIG. 1 with four burner boxes in a longitudinal section; and
Fig. 3
a schematic plan view of workpieces during transport through an oven.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Erwärmungsvorrichtung 10 für Werkstücke in einem Querschnitt dargestellt. Bei den beispielhaft dargestellten Werkstücken 20, 20' und 20" handelt es sich um flache Blechplatinen, die in einem Ofen 10 auf eine Zieltemperatur erwärmt werden. Das Wärmgut kann jedoch auf jegliche Arten ausgebildet sein und weist üblicherweise starke Querschnittsänderungen und damit unterschiedliche Formen auf.In Fig. 1 an embodiment of the inventive heating device 10 for workpieces is shown in a cross section. In the example shown Workpieces 20, 20 'and 20 "are flat sheet metal blanks that are heated to a target temperature in a furnace 10. However, the blanks may be formed in any manner and typically have large cross-sectional changes and thus different shapes.

Die Werkstücke 20, 20' und 20" werden auf einem Transportmittel 30 durch die Erwärmungseinrichtung 10 transportiert, wobei beispielsweise mehrere rotierende Transportrollen hintereinander angeordnet sind, welche die Werkstücke kontinuierlich durch den Ofen transportieren. Die Transportrollen des Transportmittels 30 sind so ausgebildet, dass sie den mechanischen und thermischen Anforderungen genügen. Dabei müssen sie insbesondere hohen Temperaturen von bis zu 1500°C sowie starken Temperaturwechseln innerhalb der Vorrichtung standhalten, was beispielsweise durch keramische Werkstoffe und/oder Kühlungen in den Antriebswellen erreicht werden kann.The workpieces 20, 20 'and 20 "are transported on a transporting means 30 by the heating device 10, wherein, for example, a plurality of rotating transporting rollers are arranged one behind the other, which continuously transport the workpieces through the furnace They must be able to withstand particularly high temperatures of up to 1500 ° C. and strong temperature changes within the device, which can be achieved for example by ceramic materials and / or cooling in the drive shafts.

Oberhalb und unterhalb des Transportmittels 30 befinden sich mehrere Brennerkästen, in denen wiederum mehrere Brennerdüsen angeordnet sind. Dabei ist in Fig. 1 ein vorderer Brennerkasten 60 dargestellt, durch den sich zu diesem Zeitpunkt nebeneinander drei Blechplatinen 20, 20' und 20" bewegen. Die einzelnen Brennerdüsen befinden sich jeweils in einem gemeinsamen luft- oder wassergekühlten Kanal, welcher auch als Tragelement der Einzeldüsen dienen kann. Die Brennerdüsen sind durch eine nicht dargestellte Steuerung getrennt voneinander aktivierbar und deaktivierbar. Die Düsen können somit selektiv zu- und abgeschaltet werden. Dabei kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass mehrere Gruppen von Brennerdüsen selektiv zu- und abgeschaltet werden können. In Fig. 1 sind die Düsen 40 in denjenigen Bereichen, in denen sich Blechplatinen 20, 20' und 20" befinden, aktiviert. Die Düsen 50 dagegen, die in Bereichen angeordnet sind, in denen sich keine Blechplatine befindet, sind nicht zugeschaltet.Above and below the transport means 30 are a plurality of burner boxes, in which in turn a plurality of burner nozzles are arranged. It is in Fig. 1 a front burner box 60 is shown, through which three sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "move at the same time at the same time.The individual burner nozzles are each located in a common air- or water-cooled channel, which can also serve as a support element of the individual nozzles are separately activatable and deactivatable by a control, not shown, so that the nozzles can be selectively switched on and off, whereby it can also be provided that several groups of burner nozzles can be selectively switched on and off Fig. 1 If the nozzles 40 are activated in those areas where sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "are located, the nozzles 50, which are arranged in areas where there is no sheet metal blank, are not switched on.

Die Ansteuerung der einzelnen Brennerdüsen erfolgt vorzugsweise anhand von Signalen mehrerer Sensoren, die Werkstücke auf den Transportmitteln detektieren und in-der Lage sind, die ungefähren Umrisse der einzelnen Werkstücke und ihre Position zu bestimmen. Als Sensoren können beispielsweise Lichtschranken 80 verwendet werden, wie sie in der Fig. 2 am Anfang der Transportstrecke dargestellt sind. Fig. 2 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine Erwärmungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, wobei mehrere Transportrollen 30, 31 und 33 ein Werkstück 20 durch die Vorrichtung bewegen. Alternativ oder ergänzend zu Lichtschranken können jegliche Sensoren eingesetzt werden, mit denen das Vorhandensein und die ungefähre Form eines Gegenstands in einem definierten Bereich detektierbar ist. Beispielsweise können auch induktive Sensoren verwendet werden, welche die Bewegung eines Werkstücks in einem Magnetfeld detektieren. Ferner können Bilderkennungsverfahren eingesetzt werden, bei denen von einer oder mehreren Kameras Bilder von Bereichen der Vorrichtung aufgenommen und ausgewertet werden, um Gegenstände in den aufgenommenen Bereichen zu erkennen. Mit Bilderkennungsverfahren lassen sich besonders gut die Umrisse von Gegenständen bestimmen.The control of the individual burner nozzles is preferably carried out on the basis of signals from a plurality of sensors which detect workpieces on the transport means and are able to determine the approximate outlines of the individual workpieces and their position. As sensors, for example, light barriers 80 can be used, as shown in the Fig. 2 are shown at the beginning of the transport route. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a heating device according to Fig. 1 wherein a plurality of transport rollers 30, 31 and 33 move a workpiece 20 through the apparatus. As an alternative or in addition to light barriers, any sensors can be used with which the presence and the approximate shape of an object in a defined area can be detected. For example, inductive sensors can be used which detect the movement of a workpiece in a magnetic field. Furthermore, image recognition methods can be used in which images of areas of the device are recorded and evaluated by one or more cameras in order to detect objects in the recorded areas. With image recognition methods, the outlines of objects can be determined particularly well.

Die Sensoren 80 detektieren die Blechplatinen 20, 20' und 20" und senden entsprechende Signale an eine nicht dargestellte Steuereinheit, wobei die Signale Informationen darüber enthalten, in welchen Bereichen auf dem Transportmittel ein oder mehrere Werkstücke erfasst wurden. Dabei können auch Konturen der Werkstücke erfasst werden. Die Steuereinheit verwendet diese Signale und vorzugsweise auch Informationen über die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Werkstücke, um gezielt diejenigen Brennerdüsen anzusteuern, die sich oberhalb und/oder unterhalb des Transportweges des jeweiligen Werkstücks befinden. Werden zwei Blechplatinen nebeneinander aufgelegt, werden die ungefähren Umrisse der Blechplatinen durch die Sensoren erfasst und durch die Steuereinheit diejenigen Brennerdüsen nicht aktiviert, die sich im Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Platinen oder daneben befinden. Um eine möglichst exakte Zuschaltung zu ermöglichen, sollten ausreichend viele Sensoren vorgesehen sein. Ferner sollte die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Werkstücke ebenfalls berücksichtigt werden, so dass die ersten Brennerdüsen nach Durchlaufen der Platinenkontur bereits wieder abgeschaltet werden können, während weitere Brennerdüsen erst zugeschaltet werden, sobald eine Platine die jeweilige Transportposition erreicht hat, die von der Steuereinheit errechnet wurde.The sensors 80 detect the sheet metal blanks 20, 20 'and 20 "and send corresponding signals to a control unit, not shown, wherein the signals contain information on which areas on the means of transport one or more workpieces were detected, whereby also contours of the workpieces can be detected The control unit uses these signals, and preferably also information about the speed of transport of the workpieces, to selectively control those burner nozzles which are located above and / or below the transport path of the respective work piece the sensors detect and through the control unit those burner nozzles are not activated, which are in the space between the two boards or next to it.To enable the most exact connection possible, a sufficient number of sensors should be provided The transport speed of the workpieces should also be taken into account, so that the first burner nozzles already pass again after passing through the board contour can be switched off while other burner nozzles are switched on as soon as a board has reached the respective transport position, which was calculated by the control unit.

Dem Längsschnitt in Fig. 2 ist zu entnehmen, dass die Erwärmungsvorrichtung beispielsweise vier Brennerkästen 60, 61, 70 und 71 aufweist, von denen jeweils zwei oberhalb und unterhalb der Transportrollen 31, 32 und 33 des Transportmittels 30 angeordnet sind. In Transportrichtung sind jeweils zwei Brennerkästen hintereinander angeordnet, es können jedoch auch weitere Brennerkästen vorgesehen sein. Dabei sind die beiden Reihen aus Brennerkästen vorzugsweise versetzt zueinander angeordnet, so dass die oberen Brennerkästen 60 und 61 versetzt zu den unteren Brennerkästen 70 und 71 angeordnet sind. Die Erwärmung kann jedoch auch mit nur einem Brennerkasten bzw. Brennerkanal erfolgen, in dem mehrere Brennerdüsen selektiv zuschaltbar sind. Vorzugsweise hat ein Brennerkasten eine rechteckige Form, er kann jedoch beispielsweise auch rund oder oval ausgeführt sein. Die Größe des Brennerkastens ist dabei stets so groß, dass eine oder mehrere Brennerdüsen eingebaut werden können.The longitudinal section in Fig. 2 It can be seen that the heating device, for example, four burner boxes 60, 61, 70 and 71, of which two are arranged above and below the transport rollers 31, 32 and 33 of the transport means 30, respectively. In the transport direction two burner boxes are arranged one behind the other, but it can also be provided more burner boxes. The two rows of burner boxes are preferably arranged offset from one another, so that the upper burner boxes 60 and 61 are arranged offset to the lower burner boxes 70 and 71. However, the heating can also be done with only one burner box or burner channel in which a plurality of burner nozzles are selectively switched on. Preferably, a burner box has a rectangular shape, but it can also be designed, for example, round or oval. The size of the burner box is always so large that one or more burner nozzles can be installed.

Als Material für einen Brennerkasten wird beispielsweise Keramik oder Metall verwendet, deren Eigenschaften entsprechend der zu erwartenden Umgebungstemperaturen gewählt sind. Ferner sollte ein Brennerkasten hohen Temperaturen und Temperaturschwankungen standhalten, was beispielsweise bei Faserverbundkeramiken gegeben ist. Die Brenngasleitungen zu den einzelnen Brennerdüsen werden beispielhaft durch einen Brennerkanal, welcher durch hindurchströmende Frischluft gekühlt ist, geführt, um ein vorzeitiges thermisches Aufspalten des Brenngases zu vermeiden.As a material for a burner box, for example, ceramic or metal is used, whose properties are selected according to the expected ambient temperatures. Furthermore, a burner box should withstand high temperatures and temperature fluctuations, which is the case, for example, with fiber composite ceramics. The fuel gas lines to the individual burner nozzles are exemplified by a burner channel, which is cooled by fresh air flowing through it, to avoid premature thermal splitting of the fuel gas.

Die Erwärmungsvorrichtung 10 kann fest mit einem Härteofen verbunden sein. In besonderer Ausbildungsweise handelt es sich bei der Erwärmungsvorrichtung jedoch um eine mobile Einheit, die nicht fest an eine Ofenanlage gebunden ist, sondern auch für verschiedene Öfen verwendet werden kann, um die Leistungsfähigkeit des jeweiligen Ofens als Booster zu verbessern.The heating device 10 may be fixedly connected to a curing oven. In a particular embodiment, however, the heating device is a mobile unit that is not firmly connected to a furnace, but instead Can also be used for different ovens to improve the performance of the respective stove as a booster.

In einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird die Erwärmungseinrichtung beispielsweise hinter einem Härteofen eingesetzt, um partiell eine besondere Erwärmung oder Kühlung des Gutes zu erzielen. Dies kann beispielsweise der Fall sein, wenn Zonen höherer oder geringerer Härte oder Dehnung nach dem Formhärtevorgang erzielt werden sollen.In one embodiment of the invention, the heating device is used, for example behind a curing oven to partially achieve a particular heating or cooling of the goods. This may be the case, for example, when zones of higher or lower hardness or elongation are to be achieved after the mold hardening process.

Beim Erwärmungsvorgang werden eine oder mehrere Platinen 20, 20' und 20" manuell oder maschinell auf die Transportrollen 31, 32 und 33 gefahren und durch die Vorrichtung bewegt, wie es in Fig. 3 in einer Draufsicht dargestellt ist. Dabei wird die Belegung der Lichtschranken 80, welche sich genau in einer Linie mit den Brennerdüsen befinden, gemessen. Gleichzeitig wird die Geschwindigkeit der Blechplatinen durch Inkrementalgeber der Rollenantriebe oder durch ein Bildinspektionssystem gemessen. Bevor die Bleche die Brennerreihen erreichen, durchfahren sie somit einzelne Lichtstrahlen, welche in Kombination mit der Fahrgeschwindigkeit die Ein- und Ausschaltzustände der einzelnen Brenner bewirken, was von der Steuereinheit der Brennerdüsen anhand der zur Verfügung stehenden Informationen errechnet wird. Bewegen sich nun die Platinen durch die Erwärmungsvorrichtung, zünden die Brennerdüsen 40, welche durch die Platinenkontur belegt sind, während Brennerdüsen 50, welche nicht durch die Platinenkontur belegt sind, abgeschaltet bleiben. Die Brennerdüsen 40 bleiben solange aktiviert, bis die Kontur wieder frei wird. Dann schalten die Brenner wieder ab. Durch diese selektive Ansteuerung der Brennerdüsen lassen sich erhebliche Mengen an Brennstoff einsparen.In the heating process, one or more sinkers 20, 20 'and 20 "are manually or mechanically driven onto the transport rollers 31, 32 and 33 and moved through the apparatus as shown in Figs Fig. 3 is shown in a plan view. The assignment of the light barriers 80, which are located exactly in line with the burner nozzles, is measured. At the same time, the speed of the sheet metal blanks is measured by incremental encoders of the roller drives or by an image inspection system. Before the sheets reach the burner rows, they thus pass through individual light beams which, in combination with the driving speed, cause the on and off states of the individual burners, which is calculated by the control unit of the burner nozzles on the basis of the available information. Now move the boards through the heater, ignite the burner nozzles 40, which are occupied by the board contour, while burner nozzles 50, which are not occupied by the board contour remain switched off. The burner nozzles 40 remain activated until the contour becomes free again. Then the burners turn off again. This selective control of the burner nozzles can save considerable amounts of fuel.

Falls Werkstücke automatisiert und/oder stets in gleichen Abständen zueinander in die Erwärmungseinrichtung 10 eingebracht werden, besteht ferner die Möglichkeit, die einzelnen Brennerdüsen nach einem in der Steuereinheit hinterlegten festen Schema zu- und abzuschalten. In diesem Fall ergeben sich die Position und die Umrisse aus dem definierten Programmschema, so dass die Steuereinheit die Brennerdüsen ohne die Verwendung von Sensorsignalen ansteuern kann. Die Transportgeschwindigkeit kann dabei ebenfalls schon fest vorgegeben und damit bekannt sein.If workpieces are automatically and / or always introduced into the heating device 10 at equal distances from one another, it is also possible to connect and disconnect the individual burner nozzles according to a fixed pattern stored in the control unit. In this case, the position and the result Outlines of the defined program scheme, so that the control unit can control the burner nozzles without the use of sensor signals. The transport speed can also be fixed and thus known.

Eine weitere Ausbildung der Erfindung beinhaltet die Reduzierung des Stickstoffballastes, welcher bei der Verbrennung mit Luft einen erheblichen Teil der erzeugten Wärme für sich verbraucht und der Guterwärmung nicht zur Verfügung steht. Dies wird im Brenner durch Einsatz von reinem Sauerstoff oder einer mit Sauerstoff angereicherten Luft z.B. von 90%O2 + 10%N2 erreicht. Die Sauerstoffanreicherung wird vorzugsweise nach dem Druckwechsefverfahren betrieben. Dies ist aus ökonomischen Gründen der bevorzugte Prozess, da die Reinheit des Sauerstoffs von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist.A further embodiment of the invention involves the reduction of the nitrogen ballast, which consumes a considerable part of the heat generated in the combustion with air and the good heating is not available. This is achieved in the burner by using pure oxygen or an oxygen-enriched air, for example of 90% O 2 + 10% N 2 . The oxygenation is preferably operated according to the pressure change process. This is the preferred process for economic reasons, since the purity of the oxygen is of minor importance.

Durch diese Verbesserung der Verbrennung kann die Brenntemperatur von ca. 1800°C auf 2800°C erhöht werden, was sich direkt auf die Wärmeübergangszahl a auswirkt. Des Weiteren kann die Flammengeschwindigkeit von ca. 1m/s auf ca.10m/s erhöht werden, was sich ebenso positiv auf die Wärmeübergangszahl auswirkt.Due to this improvement in combustion, the firing temperature of about 1800 ° C can be increased to 2800 ° C, which has a direct effect on the heat transfer coefficient a. Furthermore, the flame speed of about 1m / s can be increased to about 10m / s, which also has a positive effect on the heat transfer coefficient.

Die Zündung der Brenner kann mit elektrischer Zündspannung oder mit einer Pilotflamme erfolgen. Die erforderliche Sichemeitsüberwachung wird beispielsweise mit einer UV-Zelle oder vorzugsweise mit einem Ionisationsstab durchgeführt. Dieser kann ausschließlich für den Pilotbrenner oder aber für jeden Brenner einzeln ausgeführt sein. Die Brennersteuerung kann ferner nacheinander von der permanent brennenden Pilotflamme oder mit einem Zündtransformator und Zündstab für jeden Einzelbrenner erfolgen.The burners can be ignited with electrical ignition voltage or with a pilot flame. The required safety monitoring is carried out, for example, with a UV cell or preferably with an ionization bar. This can be designed exclusively for the pilot burner or for each burner individually. The burner control may also be carried out successively from the permanently burning pilot flame or with an ignition transformer and ignition rod for each individual burner.

Für die Ein/Aus-Steuerung der Brenner können Vielfach-Busventile verwendet werden. Diesen Ventilen ist eine Sicherheitsventilstrecke vorgeschaltet, welche vorteilhafterweise mit einem Dichtheitskontrollsystem entsprechend EN 746 ff ausgestattet ist.For the on / off control of the burners, multiple bus valves can be used. These valves are preceded by a safety valve line, which is advantageously equipped with a tightness control system according to EN 746 ff.

Um die Erwärmungsvorrichtung 10 bei verschiedenen Öfen mit unterschiedlicher Länge und Breite einsetzen zu können, kann die Anzahl und Länge der einzusetzenden Düsenkörper gezielt gewählt werden. Beispielsweise können mehrere Düsenkörper an der Vorrichtung angekoppelt und entkoppelt werden. In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung kann die mögliche Arbeitslänge der Erwärmungseinrichtung eingestellt werden.In order to use the heating device 10 in different ovens with different length and width, the number and length of the nozzle body to be used can be selected specifically. For example, a plurality of nozzle bodies can be coupled to the device and decoupled. In a further embodiment of the invention, the possible working length of the heating device can be adjusted.

Die beispielhafte Vorrichtung kann zur Vorwärmung von Blechplatinen für B-Säulen von Personenkraftwagen von Raumtemperatur auf ca. 500°C dienen, welche anschließend in einem Rollenherdhärteofen auf ca. 950°C erwärmt und dann in einem gekühlten Werkzeug geformt und abgeschreckt (gehärtet) werden. Der dazu häufig verwendete Vergütungsstahl Ist von beiden Seiten mit einer ca. 30µm dicken Aluminiumschicht versehen, welche einen Emissionsfaktor von nur 10% aufweist. Dieses Aluminium muss bei ca. 500°C, also unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur, erwärmt werden, damit es sowohl oxidiert als auch in den Grundstahl diffundiert. Oftmals sind Zink oder Silizium dem Aluminium zulegiert. Die übliche Blechdicke liegt zwischen 0,5 bis 4mm. Die Durchsatzmengen liegen bei ca. 3 bis 5 Tonnen Stahl pro Stunde. Nach der Diffusion und Oxidation kann die Platine schnellstmöglich mit dem nun hervorragenden Emissionsfaktor von ca. 80% auf die Endtemperatur erwärmt werden. Dies kann ohne die Gefahr einer Schmelzphase der Aluminiumbeschichtung erfolgen, welche oftmals zu Rollenschäden im Härteofen führt.The exemplary apparatus may be used to preheat sheet metal blanks for passenger car B-pillars from room temperature to about 500 ° C, which are then heated to about 950 ° C in a roller hearth curing furnace and then molded and quenched (cured) in a chilled tool. The tempered steel often used for this purpose is provided on both sides with an approximately 30 μm thick aluminum layer, which has an emission factor of only 10%. This aluminum must be heated at about 500 ° C, ie below the melting temperature, so that it both oxidizes and diffuses into the base steel. Often zinc or silicon are alloyed to the aluminum. The usual sheet thickness is between 0.5 to 4mm. The throughput amounts to about 3 to 5 tons of steel per hour. After diffusion and oxidation, the board can be heated to the final temperature as quickly as possible with the now excellent emission factor of approx. 80%. This can be done without the risk of a melt phase of the aluminum coating, which often leads to roll damage in the curing oven.

Darüber hinaus kann mit der Vorrichtung ein vorher blankes Stahlblech in seiner Oberfläche so mattgeglüht werden, dass eine lose Zunderschicht vermieden werden kann. Der Wärmeübergang durch Strahlung ist im nachfolgenden Schutzgas-Härteofen jedoch hoch genug.In addition, with the device a previously bare steel sheet in its surface can be dull annealed so that a loose scale layer can be avoided. The heat transfer by radiation is high enough in the subsequent inert gas curing oven.

Eine besondere Anwendung der Erfindung ist das nachträgliche Einbauen vor oder hinter vorhandenen Öfen, um deren Produktionsleistung in wirtschaftlicher Form zu steigern. Dies wird bereits häufig für Stahlband-Glühanlagen ausgeführt, hat jedoch bei üblichen Erwärmungseinrichtungen den Nachteil, dass die einzelnen Brenner nicht selektiv der Gutform angepasst werden können, was zu erheblicher Verringerung des feuerungstechnischen Wirkungsgrades führt.A particular application of the invention is the subsequent installation in front of or behind existing furnaces in order to increase their production capacity in an economical form. This is often done for steel strip annealing, but has the disadvantage in conventional heating devices that the individual burner can not be selectively adapted to the crop shape, which leads to a significant reduction in the firing efficiency.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Erwärmungseinrichtungheater
20, 20', 20"20, 20 ', 20 "
Werkstück, Wärmgut, BlechplatineWorkpiece, Wärmgut, sheet metal blank
3030
Transporteinrichtung, TransportmittelTransport equipment, means of transport
31, 32, 3331, 32, 33
Transportrolletransport roller
4040
Brennerdüse, eingeschaltetBurner nozzle, switched on
5050
Brennerdüse, ausgeschaltetBurner nozzle, switched off
60, 6160, 61
Brennerkasten obenBurner box above
70, 7170, 71
Brennerkasten untenBurner box below
8080
Sensor, LichtschrankeSensor, light barrier

Claims (16)

  1. A device for heating up workpieces (20; 20'; 20"), comprising a transport means (30) with which the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") can be transported one after the other and/or next to each other through a heating device (10), and comprising several burner nozzles (40; 50) for heating up the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") during the transport through the heating device (10), whereby the burner nozzles (40; 50) can be switched on and off separately from each other by means of a control unit,
    characterized in that
    the burner nozzles (40; 50) can be switched on and off separately from each other by means of the control unit as a function of the approximate contours and the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device.
  2. The device according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the device (10) has detection means for ascertaining the approximate contours and the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device (10), whereby the detection means is in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles (40; 50).
  3. The device according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that,
    as the detection means, the device (10) has several light barriers (80), inductive sensors and/or an image-recognition system.
  4. The device according to either Claim 2 or 3,
    characterized in that
    the device (10) has means for ascertaining the transport speed of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20"), whereby these means are in communication with the control unit of the burner nozzles (40; 50).
  5. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the heating device (10) has at least one burner box (60; 61; 70; 71) containing several burner nozzles (40; 50) that are supplied by a burner.
  6. The device according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    a burner is operated with a gaseous fuel and with an oxygen enrichment unit.
  7. The device according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the oxygen enrichment unit is operated according to the pressure swing process.
  8. The device according to one of Claims 5 to 7,
    characterized in that
    a burner can be ignited with a pilot flame or with a high-voltage igniter.
  9. The device according to one of Claims 5 to 8,
    characterized in that
    a burner is monitored by means of a UV cell or an ionization bar.
  10. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the heating device (10) is a stand-alone device or else it is positioned upstream or downstream from another oven.
  11. A method for heating up workpieces (20; 20'; 20"), in which the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") are transported by a transport means (3) one after the other and/or next to each other through a heating device (10), whereby several burner nozzles (40; 50) heat up the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") during the transport through the heating device (10), and the burner nozzles (40; 50) are switched on and off separately from each other by means of a control unit during the transport of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") through the heating device (10),
    characterized in that
    the burner nozzles (40; 50) are switched on and off separately from each other by means of a control unit during the transport of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") through the heating device (10) as a function of the approximate contours and the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device, whereby the burner nozzles (40) that are switched on are the ones that are in the vicinity of the contours of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20"), while the burner nozzles (50) that are switched off are the ones that are outside of the contours of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") during the transport of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20").
  12. The method according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that
    detection means ascertain the approximate contours and the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device (10) and this information is transmitted by the detection means to the control unit of the burner nozzles (40; 50).
  13. The method according to Claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the approximate contours and/or the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device (10) are ascertained by several light barriers (80), inductive sensors and/or an image-recognition system.
  14. The method according to one of Claims 11 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the transport speed of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") is ascertained and this information about the transport speed is transmitted to the control unit of the burner nozzles (40; 50).
  15. The method according to Claim 14,
    characterized in that
    the control unit switches the burner nozzles (40; 50) on and off as needed on the basis of the information about the approximate contours and/or the position of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20") in the heating device (10) as well as on the basis of the information about the transport speed of the workpieces (20; 20'; 20").
  16. The method according to one of Claims 11 to 15,
    characterized in that
    the control unit switches the burner nozzles (40; 50) on and off according to a regimen stored in the control unit.
EP09000089A 2008-01-25 2009-01-07 Device and method for heating workpieces Not-in-force EP2090667B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09000089T PL2090667T3 (en) 2008-01-25 2009-01-07 Device and method for heating workpieces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008006248A DE102008006248A1 (en) 2008-01-25 2008-01-25 Apparatus and method for heating workpieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2090667A1 EP2090667A1 (en) 2009-08-19
EP2090667B1 true EP2090667B1 (en) 2011-06-15

Family

ID=40577848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09000089A Not-in-force EP2090667B1 (en) 2008-01-25 2009-01-07 Device and method for heating workpieces

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2090667B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE513063T1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008006248A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2368861T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2090667T3 (en)

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DE102010004081C5 (en) 2010-01-06 2016-11-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method for thermoforming and curing a circuit board
RU2014103103A (en) 2011-06-30 2015-08-10 Эбнер Индустриофенбау Гмбх METHOD FOR HEATING THE FITTING ITEM FOR THE NEXT HAZARDING UNDER THE PRESS, AND ALSO THE THREAD FURNACE FOR THE HEATING OF THE ZONE HEATED UP TO THE TEMPERATURE OF THE FITTING ITEM UP TO A HIGH TEMPERATURE
DE102011053698C5 (en) 2011-09-16 2017-11-16 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Process for the manufacture of structural and chassis components by thermoforming and heating station
EP2602334A1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plant and method for hot forming blanks
US9222729B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2015-12-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plant and method for hot forming blanks
US9181123B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2015-11-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Thermal imaging to optimize flame polishing
DE102013008853A1 (en) * 2013-05-23 2014-11-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plant and method for hot forming of blanks
GB201317194D0 (en) * 2013-09-27 2013-11-13 Ebner Ind Ofenbau
DE102016110677B4 (en) * 2016-06-09 2018-07-12 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh Temperature control device for components

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NL179624C (en) * 1981-02-03 1986-10-16 Pol Ovenbouw B V V D DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE IN A BAKERY TUNNELVEN OR TUNNELVENSECTION.
JPS5867831A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-04-22 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for heating steel strip in direct firing type heating furnace
JPS6013030A (en) * 1983-07-04 1985-01-23 Nippon Steel Corp Method for controlling combustion of heating furnace
JPS6141720A (en) * 1984-08-06 1986-02-28 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> Heat treatment for hardening continuously top of deformed-section rail
JPH04221026A (en) * 1990-12-23 1992-08-11 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for controlling heating in continuous heating furnace
JPH0657323A (en) * 1992-08-06 1994-03-01 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for controlling burner in heating furnace
NL1000909C1 (en) * 1995-08-01 1995-11-10 Flynn Controls B V Temperature controller for a tunnel oven.
FR2806097B1 (en) * 2000-03-08 2002-05-10 Stein Heurtey IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE PREHEATING OF METAL STRIPS, PARTICULARLY IN GALVANIZING OR ANNEALING LINES
DE102004028236B3 (en) 2004-06-11 2005-11-17 Rolf-Josef Schwartz Assembly for heating workpieces before shaping in a press, e.g. high tensile steel sheets for automobile bodywork components, has a kiln with a jet field and fans to give the workpieces a convective heating action
DE102005018652A1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Uhlmann Pac-Systeme Gmbh & Co. Kg heater
DE102006005063A1 (en) 2006-02-03 2007-08-09 Linde Ag Process for the heat treatment of steel strip

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2090667T3 (en) 2011-11-30
ATE513063T1 (en) 2011-07-15
ES2368861T3 (en) 2011-11-23
EP2090667A1 (en) 2009-08-19
DE102008006248A1 (en) 2009-07-30

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