EP2069634B1 - Heat exchanger for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine - Google Patents

Heat exchanger for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2069634B1
EP2069634B1 EP07820300A EP07820300A EP2069634B1 EP 2069634 B1 EP2069634 B1 EP 2069634B1 EP 07820300 A EP07820300 A EP 07820300A EP 07820300 A EP07820300 A EP 07820300A EP 2069634 B1 EP2069634 B1 EP 2069634B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exchanger
section
gases
bypass duct
duct
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EP07820300A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2069634A1 (en
Inventor
Silvia Guillen
Yolanda Blanes
Jorge Garcia-Marques
José Luis GARCIA BERNAD
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Valeo Termico SA
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Valeo Termico SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger for gas, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine. It particularly relates to heat exchangers that include an integrated external bypass duct.
  • the invention applies in particular to exhaust gas recirculation exchangers of an engine (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers or EGRC); exhaust gas exchangers for the thermal regulation of the exhaust line of direct injection gasoline engines (Exhaust Thermal Regulation or ETR); and charge air coolers or intercoolers (Charge Air Coolers or CAC).
  • EGRC exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers
  • ETR exhaust Thermal Regulation
  • CAC Charge Air Coolers
  • a well-established practice in the automotive sector is to provide a diesel engine exhaust gas recirculation system, known as EGR or Exhaust Gas Recycling, to blend these gases to the intake air, since the presence of the exhaust gases in the mixture decreases the production of nitrogen oxides (NOx).
  • EGR diesel engine exhaust gas recirculation system
  • Exhaust Gas Recycling Exhaust Gas Recycling
  • the exhaust gases Before mixing with the intake air, the exhaust gases can be cooled in a heat exchanger (EGRC or "Exhaust Gas Recycling Cooler”) installed in the loop of the EGR system, with the aim of improving the system efficiency.
  • EGRC Exhaust Gas Recycling Cooler
  • EGR valve In the system loop there is also a valve (EGR valve) which controls the passage of exhaust gases therethrough.
  • the heat exchanger itself may have different configurations: for example, it may consist of a tubular carcass inside which there is a series of parallel tubes for the passage of gases, the refrigerant circulating in the carcass outside the tubes; in another embodiment, the exchanger consists of a series of parallel plates which constitute the heat exchange surfaces, so that the exhaust gas and the refrigerant circulate between two plates in alternating layers.
  • the heat exchangers comprise at least one tank and / or a flange or independent connection, by means of which it is connected to the exhaust gas recirculation line.
  • said exchangers comprise an inlet reservoir and an outlet reservoir, said reservoirs being respectively coupled to the inlet and outlet ducts of the recirculation line each by means of an independent connection.
  • the cooled EGR systems have the disadvantage that the exhaust gases circulate in the exchanger in any operating condition of the engine from the moment the EGR valve opens: the gases are cooled as well. good when the engine is operating in steady state and its temperature is high than during a cold start, when the temperature of the gases is much lower.
  • At least one bypass duct is used, integrated in the exchanger and able to circulate the exhaust gas without undergoing substantial cooling.
  • the bypass duct that can be called simply by-pass, allows to minimize the cooling of the exhaust gas in certain operating circumstances of the engine, for example a cold start, in which their temperature is not high and their cooling would be detrimental to the emission of pollutants.
  • the system may include a regulating or bypass valve that selects the exhaust path, through the exchanger or through the bypass duct.
  • Said regulating valve may be located at the inlet or at the outlet of the exchanger.
  • Said bypass duct can be integrated inside or outside.
  • An internal bypass is located inside the shell of the exchanger and is surrounded by the coolant. The power losses during the bypass mode are greater than for an external bypass.
  • bypass ducts may include an area with corrugations for absorbing thermal expansions.
  • An example of such an exchanger with these characteristics is presented in the document WO 02/10574 .
  • Circular section conduit is known to be the best option for minimizing heat loss during bypass operation.
  • the bypass duct in the EGR exchangers involves a volume important in the engine environment.
  • One of the main restrictions on the design of the bypass duct arises from the zones with external corrugations of the duct, intended to avoid thermal shock, which involve a large additional volume.
  • a flat duct of oval section is the best solution in terms of size, but at present it is not possible to achieve areas with corrugations in a flat duct. This is why there is no flat external bypass duct since the problem of thermal shock would not be solved.
  • the purpose of the gas heat exchanger in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine according to the present invention, is to overcome the drawbacks that the exchangers known in the art present by proposing an external bypass duct. simple structural design that allows to optimize the volume of space of the exchanger.
  • the gas heat exchanger in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine, which is the subject of the present invention, is of the type which comprises a circuit intended for the circulation of gases with heat exchange with a cooling fluid and a conduit external bypass, adapted to circulate the gases without undergoing substantial cooling, and it is characterized in that the cross section of at least one end of the bypass duct gradually decreases in at least one radial direction following a Y or Z axis, along an axial axis X, which optimizes the volume of space of the exchanger.
  • the cross section of the at least one end of the bypass duct gradually decreases in the radial direction along the Z axis along the axial axis X, said transverse section increasing along the radial axis, for example. Y, so that substantially the same cross section of gas passage in the entire bypass conduit is retained.
  • the cross section of the at least one end of the bypass duct passes progressively from a substantially circular section to a substantially oval section.
  • the at least one end of the bypass duct is centered on the axial axis X of said duct.
  • the at least one end of the bypass duct is off-center with respect to the axial axis X of said duct.
  • the exchanger comprises a control valve for the choice of the circuit through which the gases circulate.
  • the exchanger comprises a tank assembled at the inlet or outlet of a carcass of the exchanger and a connection for assembling the tank at the exhaust gas recirculation line.
  • a first embodiment of the invention appears on the Figures 1 to 5 .
  • the heat exchanger 1 type EGR comprises two independent circuits: a circuit for the passage of the gases to be cooled (bundle of parallel tubes or stacked plates) arranged in a carcass 2, and a bypass duct 3 external to said carcass 2 of the exchanger.
  • the exchanger 1 may comprise a plurality of parallel tubes for the passage of the gases to be cooled, the refrigerant circulating inside the carcass 2 outside said tubes; or, in a second variant, the exchanger 1 may comprise a series of parallel plates which constitute the heat exchange surfaces, so that the exhaust gases and the refrigerant circulate between two plates in alternating layers.
  • Said bypass duct 3 comprises a central zone provided with corrugations 4 designed to absorb the thermal expansions.
  • the exchanger 1 further comprises a control valve (not shown) which regulates the path through which the gas flow passes through the exchanger 1, that is to say, either through the tube bundle or the corresponding plates or, preferably, through the bypass duct 3, depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas.
  • a control valve (not shown) which regulates the path through which the gas flow passes through the exchanger 1, that is to say, either through the tube bundle or the corresponding plates or, preferably, through the bypass duct 3, depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas.
  • the gases to be cooled enter the exchanger 1 from a supply duct 5 through an inlet tank 6, which is coupled to the casing 2 of the exchanger 1. They pass through the tube bundle or the plates corresponding, or by the bypass duct 3, the gas out through an outlet coupled to a collar 7 located at the other end of the exchanger 1, which will lead to the intake manifold.
  • the cooling fluid circulates inside the carcass 2, either outside the tubes or between the corresponding plates stacked as mentioned above, between a fluid inlet 8 and an outlet 9 .
  • the cross section of the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 decreases progressively in the radial direction along the axis Z along the axial axis X, said transverse section increasing along the radial axis Y , so that substantially the same cross section of gas passage in the entire bypass duct 3 is retained.
  • the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 has a lower height along the Z axis, it is possible to reduce the size of the exchanger, at the same time as avoids the effects of thermal shock by including in said bypass duct 3 an area with corrugations 4 in its section of circular section.
  • the cross section of the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 passes gradually from a substantially circular section to a substantially oval section.
  • the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 is centered on the axial axis x of said duct 3.
  • a second embodiment of the invention appears on the figure 6 .
  • the exchanger understands the same. elements bearing references 2 to 9 as the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that the at least one end 10a of the bypass duct 3 is off-center with respect to the axial axis X of said duct 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal exchanger (1, 1a) for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine, comprising a loop for circulating the gases for thermal exchange with a cooling liquid and an outer bypass duct (3) for circulating the gases without any substantial cooling. According to the invention, the cross section of at least one end (10, 10a) of the bypass duct (3) decreases progressively in at least one radial direction following a Y or Z axis and along an axial axis X, which optimises the bulk volume of the exchanger (1, 1a).

Description

La présente invention concerne un échangeur thermique pour gaz, en particulier pour les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur. Elle concerne particulièrement des échangeurs thermiques qui comprennent un conduit de dérivation extérieur intégré.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for gas, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine. It particularly relates to heat exchangers that include an integrated external bypass duct.

L'invention s'applique en particulier à des échangeurs de recirculation des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers ou EGRC); des échangeurs de gaz d'échappement pour la régulation thermique de la ligne d'échappement des moteurs à essence à injection directe (Exhaust Thermal Regulation ou ETR); et des refroidisseurs de l'air de suralimentation ou refroidisseurs intermédiaires (Charge Air Coolers ou CAC). The invention applies in particular to exhaust gas recirculation exchangers of an engine (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers or EGRC); exhaust gas exchangers for the thermal regulation of the exhaust line of direct injection gasoline engines (Exhaust Thermal Regulation or ETR); and charge air coolers or intercoolers (Charge Air Coolers or CAC).

CONTENTE DE L'INVENTIONCONTENT OF THE INVENTION

Une pratique bien établie dans le secteur de l'automobile consiste à fournir un système de recirculation des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel, que l'on connaît sous le nom d'EGR ou « Exhaust Gas Recycling », afin de mélanger ces gaz à l'air d'admission, puisque la présence des gaz d'échappement dans le mélange diminue la production d'oxydes d'azote (NOx).A well-established practice in the automotive sector is to provide a diesel engine exhaust gas recirculation system, known as EGR or Exhaust Gas Recycling, to blend these gases to the intake air, since the presence of the exhaust gases in the mixture decreases the production of nitrogen oxides (NOx).

Avant de les mélanger à l'air d'admission, on peut refroidir les gaz d'échappement dans un échangeurs thermique (EGRC ou "Exhaust Gas Recycling Cooler") installé dans la boucle du système EGR, dans le but d'améliorer l'efficacité du système.Before mixing with the intake air, the exhaust gases can be cooled in a heat exchanger (EGRC or "Exhaust Gas Recycling Cooler") installed in the loop of the EGR system, with the aim of improving the system efficiency.

Dans la boucle du système on trouve en outre une soupape (soupape EGR) qui contrôle le passage des gaz d'échappement à travers celui-ci.In the system loop there is also a valve (EGR valve) which controls the passage of exhaust gases therethrough.

L'échangeur thermique proprement dit peut avoir différentes configurations: par exemple, il peut consister en une carcasse tubulaire à l'intérieur de laquelle on dispose une série de tubes parallèles pour le passage des gaz, le réfrigérant circulant dans la carcasse à l'extérieur des tubes ; dans un autre mode de réalisation, l'échangeur se compose d'une série de plaques parallèles qui constituent les surfaces d'échange thermique, de façon à ce que les gaz d'échappement et le réfrigérant circulent entre deux plaques, en couches alternées.The heat exchanger itself may have different configurations: for example, it may consist of a tubular carcass inside which there is a series of parallel tubes for the passage of gases, the refrigerant circulating in the carcass outside the tubes; in another embodiment, the exchanger consists of a series of parallel plates which constitute the heat exchange surfaces, so that the exhaust gas and the refrigerant circulate between two plates in alternating layers.

Par ailleurs, les échangeurs thermiques comprennent au moins un réservoir et/ou une bride ou connexion indépendante, au moyen de laquelle il est relié à la ligne de recirculation des gaz d'échappement. Généralement, lesdits échangeurs comprennent un réservoir d'entrée et un réservoir de sortie, lesdits réservoirs étant couplés respectivement aux conduits d'entrée et de sortie de la ligne de recirculation chacun au moyen d'une connexion indépendante.Furthermore, the heat exchangers comprise at least one tank and / or a flange or independent connection, by means of which it is connected to the exhaust gas recirculation line. Generally, said exchangers comprise an inlet reservoir and an outlet reservoir, said reservoirs being respectively coupled to the inlet and outlet ducts of the recirculation line each by means of an independent connection.

Dans certains cas, les systèmes EGR refroidis présentent l'inconvénient que les gaz d'échappement circulent dans l'échangeur dans n'importe quelle condition de fonctionnement du moteur à partir du moment où s'ouvre la soupape EGR : les gaz sont refroidis aussi bien quand le moteur fonctionne en régime stable et que sa température est élevée que pendant un démarrage à froid, quand la température des gaz est beaucoup plus basse.In some cases, the cooled EGR systems have the disadvantage that the exhaust gases circulate in the exchanger in any operating condition of the engine from the moment the EGR valve opens: the gases are cooled as well. good when the engine is operating in steady state and its temperature is high than during a cold start, when the temperature of the gases is much lower.

Ce refroidissement des gaz quand leur température n'est pas élevée représente un inconvénient du point de vue de l'environnement, puisqu'il augmente le niveau des émissions de CO et d'hydrocarbures et qu'en outre il implique une production de bruit.This cooling of the gases when their temperature is not high represents a disadvantage from the point of view of the environment, since it increases the level of the emissions of CO and hydrocarbons and that furthermore it involves a production of noise.

Pour résoudre ce problème, on utilise au moins un conduit de dérivation, intégré à l'échangeur et apte à faire circuler les gaz d'échappement sans qu'ils subissent de refroidissement substantiel. Le conduit de dérivation, que l'on peut désigner simplement par « by-pass », permet de réduire au minimum le refroidissement des gaz d'échappement dans certaines circonstances de fonctionnement du moteur, par exemple un démarrage à froid, dans lesquelles leur température n'est pas élevée et leur refroidissement serait préjudiciable pour l'émission de polluants.To solve this problem, at least one bypass duct is used, integrated in the exchanger and able to circulate the exhaust gas without undergoing substantial cooling. The bypass duct, that can be called simply by-pass, allows to minimize the cooling of the exhaust gas in certain operating circumstances of the engine, for example a cold start, in which their temperature is not high and their cooling would be detrimental to the emission of pollutants.

Le système peut comprendre une soupape de régulation ou by-pass qui choisit le parcours des gaz d'échappement, à travers l'échangeur ou à travers le conduit de dérivation. Ladite soupape de régulation peut être située à l'entrée ou bien à la sortie de l'échangeur.The system may include a regulating or bypass valve that selects the exhaust path, through the exchanger or through the bypass duct. Said regulating valve may be located at the inlet or at the outlet of the exchanger.

Ledit conduit by-pass peut être intégré à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur. Un by-pass interne est situé à l'intérieur de la carcasse de l'échangeur et est entouré par le réfrigérant. Les pertes de puissance pendant le mode by-pass sont plus importantes que pour un by-pass externe.Said bypass duct can be integrated inside or outside. An internal bypass is located inside the shell of the exchanger and is surrounded by the coolant. The power losses during the bypass mode are greater than for an external bypass.

En raison des grandes exigences du marché automobile en ce qui concerne la puissance maximale dissipée en mode by-pass, pour la nouvelle génération de moteurs, le by-pass externe est la meilleure solution pour réduire au minimum les pertes de puissance des gaz d'échappement.Due to the high demands of the automotive market with regard to the maximum power dissipated in bypass mode, for the new generation of motors, the external bypass is the best solution for minimizing the power losses of the gasses. exhaust.

À l'heure actuelle, tous les conduits by-pass externes connus sur le marché sont de section circulaire et conservent le même diamètre sur toute leur longueur. En plus, lesdits conduits by-pass peuvent comprendre une zone avec des ondulations pour absorber les dilatations thermiques. Un exemple d'un tel échangeur avec ces caractéristiques est présenté dans le document WO 02/10574 .At present, all external bypass pipes known on the market are of circular section and keep the same diameter over their entire length. In addition, said bypass ducts may include an area with corrugations for absorbing thermal expansions. An example of such an exchanger with these characteristics is presented in the document WO 02/10574 .

On sait que le conduit de section circulaire est la meilleure option pour réduire au minimum les pertes de chaleur pendant le mode by-pass.Circular section conduit is known to be the best option for minimizing heat loss during bypass operation.

Dans la plupart des configurations, le conduit by-pass dans les échangeurs EGR implique un volume important dans l'environnement moteur. Une des principales restrictions quant à la conception du conduit by-pass découle des zones avec ondulations extérieures du conduit, destinées à éviter le choc thermique, lesquelles impliquent un important volume supplémentaire.In most configurations, the bypass duct in the EGR exchangers involves a volume important in the engine environment. One of the main restrictions on the design of the bypass duct arises from the zones with external corrugations of the duct, intended to avoid thermal shock, which involve a large additional volume.

Un conduit plat de section ovale est la meilleure solution en ce qui concerne l'encombrement, mais à l'heure actuelle il n'est pas possible de réaliser des zones avec ondulations dans un conduit plat. C'est pourquoi il n'existe pas de conduit by-pass externe plat puisque le problème du choc thermique ne serait pas résolu.A flat duct of oval section is the best solution in terms of size, but at present it is not possible to achieve areas with corrugations in a flat duct. This is why there is no flat external bypass duct since the problem of thermal shock would not be solved.

DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

L'objectif de l'échangeur thermique pour gaz, en particulier pour les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur selon la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients que présentent les échangeurs connus dans l'art, en proposant un conduit by-pass externe de conception structurelle simple qui permette d'optimiser le volume d'encombrement de l'échangeur.The purpose of the gas heat exchanger, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine according to the present invention, is to overcome the drawbacks that the exchangers known in the art present by proposing an external bypass duct. simple structural design that allows to optimize the volume of space of the exchanger.

L'échangeur thermique pour gaz, en particulier pour les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur, objet de la présente invention, est du type qui comprend un circuit destiné à la circulation des gaz avec échange thermique avec un fluide de refroidissement et un conduit by-pass externe, apte à faire circuler les gaz sans qu'ils subissent de refroidissement substantiel, et il se caractérise en ce que la section transversale d'au moins une extrémité du conduit by-pass diminue progressivement dans au moins une direction radiale suivant un axe Y ou Z, le long d'un axe axial X, ce qui optimise ainsi le volume d'encombrement de l'échangeur.The gas heat exchanger, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine, which is the subject of the present invention, is of the type which comprises a circuit intended for the circulation of gases with heat exchange with a cooling fluid and a conduit external bypass, adapted to circulate the gases without undergoing substantial cooling, and it is characterized in that the cross section of at least one end of the bypass duct gradually decreases in at least one radial direction following a Y or Z axis, along an axial axis X, which optimizes the volume of space of the exchanger.

L'échangeur selon la présente invention présente les avantages suivants:

  • On réduit les coûts de fabrication puisqu'au lieu d'utiliser un conduit de section ovale sur toute sa longueur, dont la fabrication est plus complexe, on part d'un conduit de section circulaire dont on aplatira les extrémités pour obtenir une réduction du volume d'encombrement de l'échangeur. De même, on évite les effets du choc thermique puisque le conduit dans son tronçon de section circulaire peut comprendre une zone avec ondulations pour absorber les dilatations thermiques, alors que dans un conduit de section ovale conventionnel il n'est pas possible de réaliser lesdites zones avec ondulations.
  • On obtient une optimisation de l'encombrement de l'échangeur en facilitant l'intégration des autres composants du moteur, puisque le volume des réservoirs d'entrée et de sortie de gaz diminue, tout comme celui de la carcasse de la soupape by-pass.
  • La diminution de volume des composants de l'échangeur a un impact important sur le poids du système, qui diminue de façon significative.
  • Les coûts de fabrication de la soupape by-pass diminuent, puisqu'on réduit aussi le volume de la carcasse de l'échangeur.
The exchanger according to the present invention presents the following advantages:
  • The manufacturing costs are reduced since instead of using an oval section conduit over its entire length, the manufacture of which is more complex, it starts from a circular section pipe whose ends will be flattened to obtain a reduction of the volume. of congestion of the exchanger. Similarly, the effects of thermal shock are avoided since the duct in its section of circular section may comprise a zone with corrugations to absorb the thermal expansions, whereas in a conventional oval section duct it is not possible to carry out said zones. with ripples.
  • An optimization of the size of the exchanger is obtained by facilitating the integration of the other components of the engine, since the volume of the gas inlet and outlet tanks decreases, just like that of the carcass of the bypass valve. .
  • The reduction in the volume of the exchanger components has a significant impact on the weight of the system, which decreases significantly.
  • The manufacturing costs of the bypass valve decrease, since it also reduces the volume of the carcass of the exchanger.

De manière avantageuse, la section transversale de l'au moins une extrémité du conduit by-pass diminue progressivement dans la direction radiale suivant l'axe Z le long de l'axe axial X, ladite section transversale augmentant en revanche suivant l'axe radial Y, de sorte que l'on conserve sensiblement la même section transversale de passage de gaz dans l'ensemble du conduit by-pass.Advantageously, the cross section of the at least one end of the bypass duct gradually decreases in the radial direction along the Z axis along the axial axis X, said transverse section increasing along the radial axis, for example. Y, so that substantially the same cross section of gas passage in the entire bypass conduit is retained.

De préférence, la section transversale de l'au moins une extrémité du conduit by-pass passe progressivement d'une section sensiblement circulaire à une section sensiblement ovale.Preferably, the cross section of the at least one end of the bypass duct passes progressively from a substantially circular section to a substantially oval section.

Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, l'au moins une extrémité du conduit by-pass est centrée sur l'axe axial X dudit conduit.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the at least one end of the bypass duct is centered on the axial axis X of said duct.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention, l'au moins une extrémité du -conduit by-pass est décentrée par rapport à l'axe axial X dudit conduit.According to another embodiment of the present invention, the at least one end of the bypass duct is off-center with respect to the axial axis X of said duct.

De manière avantageuse, l'échangeur comprend une soupape de régulation pour le choix du circuit à travers lequel circulent les gaz.Advantageously, the exchanger comprises a control valve for the choice of the circuit through which the gases circulate.

De préférence, l'échangeur comprend un réservoir assemblé à l'entrée ou à la sortie d'une carcasse de l'échangeur et une connexion pour l'assemblage du réservoir à la ligne de recirculation de gaz d'échappement.Preferably, the exchanger comprises a tank assembled at the inlet or outlet of a carcass of the exchanger and a connection for assembling the tank at the exhaust gas recirculation line.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Afin de faciliter la description de tout ce que l'on a exposé précédemment, on a joint quelques dessins sur lesquels, schématiquement et seulement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, on a représenté deux cas pratiques de modes de réalisation de l'échangeur thermique pour gaz, en particulier pour les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur selon la présente invention, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur thermique doté d'un conduit by-pass externe selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en section longitudinale de l'échangeur, avec un conduit by-pass externe selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du conduit by-pass externe selon le premier mode de réalisation;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en élévation du conduit by-pass de la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de profil du conduit by-pass de la figure 3; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique en section longitudinale de l'échangeur, avec un conduit by-pass externe selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
In order to facilitate the description of all that has been explained above, some drawings have been included in which, schematically and only by way of nonlimiting example, two practical cases of embodiments of the heat exchanger have been shown. for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine according to the present invention, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger with an external bypass conduit according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the exchanger, with an external bypass conduit according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of external bypass conduit according to the first embodiment;
  • the figure 4 is an elevation view of the bypass duct of the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 5 is a profile view of the bypass duct of the figure 3 ; and
  • the figure 6 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the exchanger, with an external bypass duct according to a second embodiment of the invention.

DESCRIPTION DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PRÉFÉRÉSDESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention apparaît sur les figures 1 à 5.A first embodiment of the invention appears on the Figures 1 to 5 .

En référence à la figure 1, l'échangeur thermique 1 de type EGR comprend deux circuits indépendants : un circuit destiné au passage des gaz à refroidir (faisceau de tubes parallèles ou plaques empilées) agencé dans une carcasse 2, et un conduit by-pass 3 externe à ladite carcasse 2 de l'échangeur.With reference to the figure 1 , the heat exchanger 1 type EGR comprises two independent circuits: a circuit for the passage of the gases to be cooled (bundle of parallel tubes or stacked plates) arranged in a carcass 2, and a bypass duct 3 external to said carcass 2 of the exchanger.

Dans une première variante, l'échangeur 1 peut comprendre une pluralité de tubes parallèles destinés au passage des gaz à refroidir, le réfrigérant circulant à l'intérieur de la carcasse 2 à l'extérieur desdits tubes ; ou, dans une deuxième variante, l'échangeur 1 peut comprendre une série de plaques parallèles qui constituent les superficies d'échange de chaleur, de manière à ce que les gaz d'échappement et le réfrigérant circulent entre deux plaques, en couches alternées.In a first variant, the exchanger 1 may comprise a plurality of parallel tubes for the passage of the gases to be cooled, the refrigerant circulating inside the carcass 2 outside said tubes; or, in a second variant, the exchanger 1 may comprise a series of parallel plates which constitute the heat exchange surfaces, so that the exhaust gases and the refrigerant circulate between two plates in alternating layers.

Ledit conduit by-pass 3 comprend une zone centrale dotée d'ondulations 4 visant à absorber les dilatations thermiques.Said bypass duct 3 comprises a central zone provided with corrugations 4 designed to absorb the thermal expansions.

L'échangeur 1 comprend en outre une soupape de régulation (non représentée) qui régule le chemin que parcourt le flux de gaz à travers l'échangeur 1, c'est-à-dire, soit à travers le faisceau de tubes ou les plaques correspondantes soit, de préférence, à travers le conduit by-pass 3, selon la température des gaz d'échappement.The exchanger 1 further comprises a control valve (not shown) which regulates the path through which the gas flow passes through the exchanger 1, that is to say, either through the tube bundle or the corresponding plates or, preferably, through the bypass duct 3, depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas.

Les gaz à refroidir entrent dans l'échangeur 1 depuis un conduit d'alimentation 5 à travers un réservoir d'entrée 6, lequel est accouplé à la carcasse 2 de l'échangeur 1. Qu'ils passent parle faisceau de tubes ou les plaques correspondantes, ou par le conduit by-pass 3, les gaz sortent par une sortie accouplée à un collier 7 situé à l'autre extrémité de l'échangeur 1, qui les conduira jusqu'au collecteur d'admission.The gases to be cooled enter the exchanger 1 from a supply duct 5 through an inlet tank 6, which is coupled to the casing 2 of the exchanger 1. They pass through the tube bundle or the plates corresponding, or by the bypass duct 3, the gas out through an outlet coupled to a collar 7 located at the other end of the exchanger 1, which will lead to the intake manifold.

D'autre part, le fluide de refroidissement circule à l'intérieur de la carcasse 2, que ce soit à l'extérieur des tubes ou entre les plaques correspondantes empilées comme mentionné ci-dessus, entre une entrée de fluide 8 et une sortie 9.On the other hand, the cooling fluid circulates inside the carcass 2, either outside the tubes or between the corresponding plates stacked as mentioned above, between a fluid inlet 8 and an outlet 9 .

Comme on l'appréciera aux figures 2 à 5, la section transversale de l'au moins une extrémité 10 du conduit by-pass 3 diminue progressivement dans la direction radiale suivant l'axe Z le long de l'axe axial X, ladite section transversale augmentant en revanche suivant l'axe radial Y, de sorte que l'on conserve sensiblement la même section transversale de passage de gaz dans l'ensemble du conduit by-pass 3.As we will appreciate Figures 2 to 5 , the cross section of the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 decreases progressively in the radial direction along the axis Z along the axial axis X, said transverse section increasing along the radial axis Y , so that substantially the same cross section of gas passage in the entire bypass duct 3 is retained.

De cette façon, du fait que l'au moins une extrémité 10 du conduit by-pass 3 présente une hauteur plus faible suivant l'axe Z, on arrive à réduire l'encombrement de l'échangeur, en même temps que l'on évite les effets du choc thermique en incluant dans ledit conduit by-pass 3 une zone avec ondulations 4 dans son tronçon de section circulaire.In this way, because the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 has a lower height along the Z axis, it is possible to reduce the size of the exchanger, at the same time as avoids the effects of thermal shock by including in said bypass duct 3 an area with corrugations 4 in its section of circular section.

En référence aux figures 3 à 5, la section transversale de l'au moins une extrémité 10 du conduit by-pass 3 passe progressivement d'une section sensiblement circulaire à une section sensiblement ovale.With reference to Figures 3 to 5 , the cross section of the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 passes gradually from a substantially circular section to a substantially oval section.

Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, l'au moins une extrémité 10 du conduit by-pass 3 est centrée sur l'axe axial x dudit conduit 3.In this first embodiment, the at least one end 10 of the bypass duct 3 is centered on the axial axis x of said duct 3.

Un second mode de réalisation de l'invention apparaît sur la figure 6. L'échangeur la comprend les mêmes. éléments portant les références 2 à 9 que le premier mode de réalisation. La différence est que l'au moins une extrémité 10a du conduit by-pass 3 est décentrée par rapport à l'axe axial X dudit conduit 3.A second embodiment of the invention appears on the figure 6 . The exchanger understands the same. elements bearing references 2 to 9 as the first embodiment. The difference is that the at least one end 10a of the bypass duct 3 is off-center with respect to the axial axis X of said duct 3.

Claims (7)

  1. Heat exchanger (1, 1a) for gas, particularly for the exhaust gases of an engine, which comprises a circuit intended for circulating gases with exchange of heat with a coolant and an external bypass duct (3) able to allow the gases to be circulated without them experiencing substantial cooling, characterized in that the cross section of at least one end (10, 10a) of the bypass duct (3) decreases progressively in at least a radial direction along an axis Y or Z, along the length of an axial axis X, thus optimizing the volume occupied by the exchanger (1, 1a).
  2. Exchanger (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the at least one end (10, 10a) of the bypass duct (3) decreases progressively in the radial direction along the axis Z along the length of the axial axis X, the said cross section by contrast increasing along the radial axis Y, so that the same bore section for gas is maintained substantially throughout the bypass duct (3).
  3. Exchanger (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the cross section of the at least one end (10, 10a) of the bypass duct (3) displays a progressive transition from a substantially circular cross section to a substantially oval cross section.
  4. Exchanger (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one end (10) of the bypass duct (3) is centred on the axial axis X of the said duct (3).
  5. Exchanger (1a) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one end (10a) of the bypass duct (3) is off centred in relation to the axial axis X of the said duct (3).
  6. Exchanger (1, 1a) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a regulating valve to select the circuit through which the gases are to pass.
  7. Exchanger (1, 1a) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a reservoir (6) assembled with the inlet or with the outlet of a shell (2) of the exchanger (1, 1a) and a connection for assembling the reservoir (6) with the exhaust gas recirculation line.
EP07820300A 2006-09-21 2007-09-18 Heat exchanger for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine Active EP2069634B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200602392A ES2321783B1 (en) 2006-09-21 2006-09-21 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR GASES, ESPECIALLY OF EXHAUST GASES OF AN ENGINE.
PCT/EP2007/059843 WO2008034822A1 (en) 2006-09-21 2007-09-18 Heat exchanger for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2069634A1 EP2069634A1 (en) 2009-06-17
EP2069634B1 true EP2069634B1 (en) 2011-03-23

Family

ID=38776680

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07820300A Active EP2069634B1 (en) 2006-09-21 2007-09-18 Heat exchanger for gases, in particular for the exhaust gases of an engine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2069634B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE503101T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602007013427D1 (en)
ES (2) ES2321783B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008034822A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT2744U3 (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-25 Avl List Gmbh EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
US6511204B2 (en) * 1999-12-16 2003-01-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Light tube
GB0018406D0 (en) * 2000-07-28 2000-09-13 Serck Heat Transfer Limited EGR bypass tube cooler
EP1467082B1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2016-03-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculating device
ES2209618B1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2005-08-16 Estampaciones Noroeste, S.A. HEAT EXCHANGER FOR AN "EGR" SYSTEM WITH AN INTEGRATED DERIVATION CONDUCT.
DE102004048338C5 (en) * 2004-10-01 2015-11-19 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2321783A1 (en) 2009-06-10
WO2008034822A1 (en) 2008-03-27
ES2361445T3 (en) 2011-06-17
ATE503101T1 (en) 2011-04-15
EP2069634A1 (en) 2009-06-17
DE602007013427D1 (en) 2011-05-05
ES2321783B1 (en) 2010-01-12

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