EP2066456B2 - Method for powder coating wood substrates - Google Patents

Method for powder coating wood substrates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2066456B2
EP2066456B2 EP07786677.0A EP07786677A EP2066456B2 EP 2066456 B2 EP2066456 B2 EP 2066456B2 EP 07786677 A EP07786677 A EP 07786677A EP 2066456 B2 EP2066456 B2 EP 2066456B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood substrates
powder
nozzle
wood
hot air
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EP07786677.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2066456B8 (en
EP2066456A1 (en
EP2066456B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Hauer
Werner Deuring
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Vits Technology GmbH
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Vits Technology GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0263—After-treatment with IR heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
    • B05D3/0413—Heating with air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for powder coating of wood substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • the powder coating of metal parts is already well known.
  • the furniture industry is eager to use wood substrates that are powder coated. This was due to the poor electrical conductivity of wood initially the problem of applying the paint powder evenly on the wood substrates. This problem seems largely solved.
  • the powder layer must be fused and crosslinked. On the one hand, the wood substrate should not get too hot otherwise vapor bubbles will form, which can destroy the powder coating.
  • High temperature MDF boards can damage the glue parts and thus significantly reduce the stability of the boards.
  • wood substrate there are defined parts containing wood, e.g. Solid wood, plywood or wood fibers.
  • the wood substrate is present in particular in the form of plates.
  • the US 6,596,347 B2 describes a multi-stage process for applying two layers of powder to substrates made of metal or plastic.
  • the layers are cross-linked one after another, with infrared radiation and hot air treatment taking place simultaneously.
  • the air velocity is 0.5 to 13 m / s.
  • the temperature of the substrate reaches 125 ° to 200 ° C.
  • the method is not suitable for the treatment of wood substrates because the temperature of the substrate is too high.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a process for the powder coating of wood substrates, in which the paint layer is largely crosslinked. Another object is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the problem is solved by claim 1.
  • the freshly sprayed wood substrates are pretreated by means of a brief infrared radiation so that the paint powder so just adheres to the wood substrates and the surface of the powder layer is pre-crosslinked. In this case, most of the paint powder melts, so that the paint powder parts stick together and with the substrate surface. Only then is the subsequent hot air treatment possible.
  • This is done according to the invention intensive, that is short and with very high air velocities. This causes heat to be transferred to the surfaces of the wood substrates very quickly, thus achieving the required temperature in the powder layer within a very short time, and therefore crosslinking.
  • the short treatment time causes the heat does not penetrate far into the plate and therefore it is heated only relatively little. Due to the very high air velocity, not only are the major surfaces e.g. intensively treated by plates, but also e.g. End faces and / or undercut surfaces. This eliminates special treatments for such areas. Due to the short treatment times required, productivity is high.
  • a pretreatment as in the DE 10 2005 003 802 A1 is described (grinding, scarfing), is carried out for the inventive method only in such wood substrates in which the surfaces do not have a required smoothness depending on the paint powder used. Spraying with primer is not required in any case.
  • the temperature of the hot air of 120 ° to 200 ° C ensures a largely networking of the paint layer, without the wood substrate is too hot.
  • the treatment time of the hot air treatment from 100 s to 300 s is adapted to the temperature of the hot air.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of nozzle boxes in succession allows optimal coordination between the transport speed of the wood substrates and the treatment time in the hot air treatment.
  • variable adjustability of the distance of opposite nozzle boxes allows an optimal adjustment of the distance of the nozzle boxes to the surface of the wooden substrates.
  • the flow can be adapted to the wooden substrates according to their design.
  • the fischgrat shame arrangement of radiators in the pretreatment causes also other than the main surfaces of the wood substrates are reached by the rays. This virtually all surfaces of the powder coating are melted.
  • a device for powder coating comprises a transport device 1, to which wood substrates 2 with a general transport direction according to arrow 3 can be suspended at a loading station.
  • the transport device 1 is performed, for example, as an endless loop.
  • successive means for spraying 4 of the paint powder means for preheating 5 the freshly applied powder layer by means of infrared rays and means for fusing and crosslinking 6 of the preheated powder layer.
  • the transport device 1 is e.g. an overhead conveyor with a rail 7, in which a circulating chain is guided. Hooks 8 can be hooked into the chain (selectable according to the size of the wood substrates).
  • the means for spraying 4 the paint powder are known and are e.g. supplied by the company Wagner (CH Alt Zhaon) or Nordson (DE Erkrath). They will not be described here.
  • the means for preheating 5 of the freshly sprayed coating powder are in FIG. 2 Particularly well to recognize and include two with their front sides parallel opposite carrying frames 9. Their mutual distance is variable via eg a handwheel adjustable.
  • Each support frame 9 is surrounded on five sides by a first housing 10, and on the front side a plurality of infrared radiators 11 is attached.
  • the infrared radiators 11 are tubular carbon radiators, which are fixed in a fishbone manner at the level of the front side.
  • the infrared radiator 11 are in this case arranged in two columns, wherein they extend at an angle of approximately 45 ° from the bottom to the top to the center of the front.
  • infrared emitters 11 Down from the center and top of the sides of the front side starting infrared emitters 11 lesser (half effective here) length attached to keep the area as low as possible without infrared emitters.
  • the envelope of the entirety of the infrared radiator 11 results in an effective area of the preheating means 5 for each side.
  • the carbon radiators for example of the CRS 2300 G type from Heraeus, are coated on their side facing the housing with an infrared ray-reflecting material, eg with gold steamed.
  • the infrared radiator 11 can be installed so twisted that the emission direction is alternately directed by 45 °, for example, upwards and downwards. To protect the infrared radiator 11 from overheating, they are assigned a forced ventilation.
  • the infrared radiator 11 can be switched on individually or in groups.
  • each nozzle box 12 faces another at a predetermined distance, and each panel 6a has two opposed nozzle boxes 12.
  • the distance between two opposite front sides of the nozzle boxes 12 is variably adjustable.
  • Each nozzle box 12 is mounted in a machine frame 13. Each nozzle box 12 is associated with a pressure box 14 which is connected via channels 15 with that. In each pressure box 14, a fan 16 is arranged at a suction opening, which is driven by a motor and stored in the machine frame 13. At the front of each nozzle box 12, a plurality of here eight parallel, vertically aligned nozzles 17 is attached. Each nozzle 17 has a plane nozzle plane with nozzle openings arranged in a pattern and is connected to the nozzle box 12 by a pressure line 18. Between opposite nozzle levels, a treatment room is formed. As a heat source for heating circulating air, a burner 19 is arranged so that the hot gases leaving it reach the suction chamber of the fan 16.
  • the fusing and crosslinking means 6 are surrounded by a heat-insulating casing except for a slot 20 for passing the hooks 8 and the wood substrates 2.
  • the machine frame 13 is integrated. All or individual partitions between two panels 6a may be insulated.
  • nozzles 17 described above with a plane nozzle plane are replaced by nozzles 17 with a specific nozzle plane. Two examples of this are from the FIGS. 5 and 6 seen.
  • the nozzle planes here are each zigzag-shaped, with the zigzag shape in the example of FIG. 5 in cross-section and in the example of FIG. 6 is formed in the longitudinal section of the nozzle plane.
  • the effective height of the means for preheating 5 and the means for fusing and crosslinking 6 corresponds at least to the largest height of the wooden substrates 2 to be treated, the latter height relating to a condition suspended in the transport device 1.
  • the effective height here is about 2 m.
  • the wood substrates 2 to be processed in the device preferably have a moisture content of 7% by weight. For this they are before the powder coating e.g. stored in a climatic chamber at 50% relative humidity and a temperature of 20 ° C.
  • the provided wood substrates 2 are mounted by machine or by hand in the hook 8 of the transport device 1 and continuously conveyed in the direction of the arrow 3 through the device.
  • the wood substrates 2 first pass into the spraying means 4, where all surfaces are sprayed with a suitable paint powder in a uniform thickness; so that the paint powder sufficiently adheres to the wood substrates 2, they are electrostatically charged.
  • the freshly sprayed with the paint powder wood substrates 2 are then transported into the preheating means 5.
  • all infrared radiators 11 are normally switched on.
  • the powder layer is heated so that it at least softens and glued to the wood substrate 2 and the individual particles with each other. Due to the special arrangement of the infrared radiator 11 and the secondary surfaces (top, bottom, front and rear sides) of the wood substrates 2 are sufficiently heated.
  • the wood substrates 2 enter the means for fusing and crosslinking 6.
  • the fans 16 operate and blow hot air from the nozzles 17 onto the surfaces of the wood substrates 2;
  • the air here has a temperature of 130 ° to 200 ° C and an impact velocity of 20 to 35 m / s.
  • the previously molten powder layer melts completely and within a short time is largely crosslinked (sintered).
  • the result is a closed paint surface of the powder layer with a certain smoothness, which has a high chemical and mechanical stability.
  • each fan 16 sucks the air from an upper and a lower part of the treatment space and pushes them back into the treatment space on the wood substrates 2 via the pressure box 14, the air channels 15, the nozzle box 12, the pressure lines 18 and the nozzles 17.
  • the air flow emerging from the nozzles 17 is substantially perpendicular to the main surfaces of the wood substrates 2.
  • the air is heated by the burner 19 to the desired temperature of 130 ° to 200 ° C and kept constant by a corresponding control.
  • the burners 19 of the last panel 6a are out of operation, and the fans 16 suck in ambient air as cooling air. For this purpose, corresponding flaps are opened. The heated cooling air is discharged.
  • the finished coated wood substrates 2 are unmounted by hand or by machine from the transport device 1 and removed or stored.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

In the powder coating of wood substrates, there is the problem that on the one hand they must not become too hot and on the other hand the coating requires a certain temperature for crosslinking. With the known methods and devices, adequate crosslinking is not ensured. The object is to overcome this disadvantage. For this purpose, the freshly sprayed wood substrates (2) are pretreated by means of brief infrared radiation in such a way that the lacquer powder adheres to the wood substrates (2) and that the surfaces of the powder layer are pre-crosslinked. Then, the surfaces of the wood substrates (2) pretreated in this way are subjected to intensive hot air treatment, wherein the average temperature of the wood substrates (2) remains below 100° C.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Pulverbeschichten von Holzsubstraten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 7.The invention relates to a method for powder coating of wood substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7.

Die Pulverbeschichtung von Metallteilen ist bereits gut bekannt. In z.B. der Möbelindustrie besteht das Bestreben, Holzsubstrate zu verwenden, die pulverbeschichtet sind. Hierbei bestand wegen der schlechten elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Holz zunächst das Problem, das Lackpulver gleichmäßig auf die Holzsubstrate aufzutragen. Dieses Problem erscheint weitgehend gelöst. Weiterhin muss die Pulverschicht verschmolzen und vernetzt werden. Hierbei darf einerseits das Holzsubstrat nicht zu heiß werden, weil sonst Dampfblasen entstehen, die die Pulverbeschichtung zerstören können. Besonders bei Holzfaserplatten wie z.B. MDF- Platten können hohe Temperaturen die Leimanteile schädigen und so die Stabilität der Platten erheblich verringern.The powder coating of metal parts is already well known. In e.g. The furniture industry is eager to use wood substrates that are powder coated. This was due to the poor electrical conductivity of wood initially the problem of applying the paint powder evenly on the wood substrates. This problem seems largely solved. Furthermore, the powder layer must be fused and crosslinked. On the one hand, the wood substrate should not get too hot otherwise vapor bubbles will form, which can destroy the powder coating. Especially with wood fiber boards such. High temperature MDF boards can damage the glue parts and thus significantly reduce the stability of the boards.

Als Holzsubstrat sind Teile definiert, die Holz enthalten, also z.B. Massivholz, Sperrholz oder Holzfasern. Das Holzsubstrat liegt insbesondere in Form von Platten vor.As the wood substrate, there are defined parts containing wood, e.g. Solid wood, plywood or wood fibers. The wood substrate is present in particular in the form of plates.

Die US 6,596,347 B2 beschreibt einen mehrstufiges Verfahren zum Auftragen von zwei Pulverschichten auf Substrate aus Metall oder Kunststoff. Die Schichten werden nacheinander vernetzt, wobei Infrarot- Strahlung und Heißluftbehandlung gleichzeitig erfolgen. Die Luftgeschwindigkeit beträgt 0,5 bis 13 m/s. Die Temperatur des Substrats erreicht 125° bis 200°C. Das Verfahren ist für die Behandlung von Holzsubstraten nicht geeignet, weil die Temperatur des Substrats zu hoch ist.The US 6,596,347 B2 describes a multi-stage process for applying two layers of powder to substrates made of metal or plastic. The layers are cross-linked one after another, with infrared radiation and hot air treatment taking place simultaneously. The air velocity is 0.5 to 13 m / s. The temperature of the substrate reaches 125 ° to 200 ° C. The method is not suitable for the treatment of wood substrates because the temperature of the substrate is too high.

Aus der DE 10 2005 003 802 A1 ist eine Anordnung zum Pulverbeschichten von MDF-Platten bekannt, bei der die mit Pulver besprühten Platten mit Energiestrahlern bestrahlt und anschließend in einem Umluftofen behandelt werden. Die Träger der Energiestrahler sind bewegbar ausgebildet. In dem Umluftofen ist die Luft vertikal geführt, also parallel zu den Hauptflächen der Platten; die Luftgeschwindigkeit beträgt 1 bis 5 m/s und die Behandlungszeit ca. 8 min. Nachteil der bekannten Vorrichtung ist eine unvollständige Vernetzung mit der Folge einer geringeren Stabilität der Lackschicht.From the DE 10 2005 003 802 A1 is known an arrangement for powder coating of MDF boards, in which the powder sprayed plates are irradiated with energy radiators and then treated in a convection oven. The carriers of the energy emitter are designed to be movable. In the convection oven, the air is guided vertically, ie parallel to the main surfaces of the plates; the air velocity is 1 to 5 m / s and the treatment time approx. 8 min. Disadvantage of the known device is an incomplete crosslinking with the result of a lower stability of the paint layer.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Pulverlackierung von Holzsubstraten zu schaffen, bei dem die Lackschicht weitestgehend vernetzt ist. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen.An object of the invention is to provide a process for the powder coating of wood substrates, in which the paint layer is largely crosslinked. Another object is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Die Aufgabe ist durch Anspruch 1 gelöst. Die frisch besprühten Holzsubstrate werden so mittels einer kurzzeitigen Infrarotstrahlung vorbehandelt, dass das Lackpulver so eben an den Holzsubstraten haftet und die Oberfläche der Pulverschicht vorvernetzt wird. Hierbei schmilzt der größte Teil des Lackpulvers, so dass die Lackpulverteile gegenseitig und mit der Substratoberfläche verkleben. Erst hierdurch wird die anschließende Heißluftbehandlung möglich. Diese erfolgt erfindungsgemäß intensiv, das heißt kurz und mit sehr hohen Luftgeschwindigkeiten. Dies bewirkt, dass sehr schnell Wärme auf die Oberflächen der Holzsubstrate übertragen wird und so innerhalb kürzester Zeit die erforderliche Temperatur in der Pulverschicht und daher die Vernetzung erzielt wird. Die kurze Behandlungszeit bewirkt, dass die Wärme nicht weit in die Platte eindringt und diese daher nur relativ wenig erwärmt wird. Aufgrund der sehr hohen Luftgeschwindigkeit werden nicht nur die Hauptflächen z.B. von Platten intensiv behandelt, sondern auch z.B. Stirnseiten und/oder hinterschnittene Flächen. Hierdurch entfallen Sonderbehandlungen für solche Flächen. Aufgrund der kurzen erforderlichen Behandlungszeiten ist die Produktivität hoch.The problem is solved by claim 1. The freshly sprayed wood substrates are pretreated by means of a brief infrared radiation so that the paint powder so just adheres to the wood substrates and the surface of the powder layer is pre-crosslinked. In this case, most of the paint powder melts, so that the paint powder parts stick together and with the substrate surface. Only then is the subsequent hot air treatment possible. This is done according to the invention intensive, that is short and with very high air velocities. This causes heat to be transferred to the surfaces of the wood substrates very quickly, thus achieving the required temperature in the powder layer within a very short time, and therefore crosslinking. The short treatment time causes the heat does not penetrate far into the plate and therefore it is heated only relatively little. Due to the very high air velocity, not only are the major surfaces e.g. intensively treated by plates, but also e.g. End faces and / or undercut surfaces. This eliminates special treatments for such areas. Due to the short treatment times required, productivity is high.

Entgegen dem Vorurteil der Fachwelt hängen die Holzsubstrate trotz der hohen Luftgeschwindigkeit während des Transports ausreichend ruhig - das heißt, ohne so zu pendeln, dass sie anstoßen.Contrary to the prejudice of the experts, the wooden substrates, despite the high air speed during transport, hang sufficiently quietly - that is, without oscillating so that they abut.

Eine Vorbehandlung, wie sie in der DE 10 2005 003 802 A1 beschrieben ist (Schleifen, Flämmen), ist für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nur bei solchen Holzsubstraten durchzuführen, bei denen die Oberflächen nicht eine erforderliche Glätte in Abhängigkeit von dem eingesetzten Lackpulver aufweisen. Ein Besprühen mit Primer ist in keinem Fall erforderlich.A pretreatment, as in the DE 10 2005 003 802 A1 is described (grinding, scarfing), is carried out for the inventive method only in such wood substrates in which the surfaces do not have a required smoothness depending on the paint powder used. Spraying with primer is not required in any case.

Für die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 gilt Entsprechendes, wobei die im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die Hauptflächen auftreffenden Luftströme die hohe Intensität des Wärmeübergangs bewirken.The same applies to the device according to claim 6, wherein the air flows impinging substantially perpendicularly on the main surfaces bring about the high intensity of the heat transfer.

Die Unteransprüche betreffen die vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung.The subclaims relate to the advantageous embodiment of the invention.

Bei den hohen Luftgeschwindigkeiten von 6 bis 40 m/s können große Wärmemengen zu den Holzsubstraten transportiert werden.At the high air speeds of 6 to 40 m / s, large amounts of heat can be transported to the wood substrates.

Die Temperatur der Heißluft von 120° bis 200°C gewährleistet eine weitestgehende Vernetzung der Lackschicht, ohne dass das Holzsubstrat zu heiß wird.The temperature of the hot air of 120 ° to 200 ° C ensures a largely networking of the paint layer, without the wood substrate is too hot.

Die Behandlungszeit der Heißluftbehandlung von 100 s bis 300 s ist auf die Temperatur der Heißluft abgestimmt.The treatment time of the hot air treatment from 100 s to 300 s is adapted to the temperature of the hot air.

Bei der Behandlungszeit der Vorbehandlung von 30 s bis 90 s wird ein Anschmelzen der Oberfläche der Pulverschicht erreicht, die die nachgeschaltete intensive Heißluftbehandlung ermöglicht.In the treatment time of the pretreatment of 30 s to 90 s, a melting of the surface of the powder layer is achieved, which allows the subsequent intensive hot air treatment.

Die Anordnung mehrerer Düsenkästen hintereinander erlaubt eine optimale Abstimmung zwischen Transportgeschwindigkeit der Holzsubstrate und der Behandlungszeit in der Heißluftbehandlung.The arrangement of a plurality of nozzle boxes in succession allows optimal coordination between the transport speed of the wood substrates and the treatment time in the hot air treatment.

Die variable Einstellbarkeit des Abstands gegenüberliegender Düsenkästen erlaubt eine optimale Einstellung des Abstands der Düsenkästen zur Oberfläche der Holzsubstrate.The variable adjustability of the distance of opposite nozzle boxes allows an optimal adjustment of the distance of the nozzle boxes to the surface of the wooden substrates.

Wenn Düsen mit unterschiedlichen Düsenböden eingesetzt sind, kann die Anströmung auf die Holzsubstrate entsprechend deren Ausbildung angepasst werden.If nozzles with different nozzle plates are used, the flow can be adapted to the wooden substrates according to their design.

Die fischgratartige Anordnung von Strahlern in der Vorbehandlung bewirkt, dass auch andere als die Hauptflächen der Holzsubstrate von den Strahlen erreicht werden. Damit werden praktisch alle Flächen der Pulverbeschichtung angeschmolzen.The fischgratartige arrangement of radiators in the pretreatment causes also other than the main surfaces of the wood substrates are reached by the rays. This virtually all surfaces of the powder coating are melted.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der vereinfacht dargestellten Zeichnung weiter erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Pulverbeschichten von Holzsubstraten,
  • Figur 2 eine Anordnung von Strahlern in der Vorwärmung,
  • Figur 3 eine Ansicht einer Anordnung von einen Düsenkasten mit einem gegenüber liegenden weiteren Düsenkasten in Transportrichtung,
  • Figur 4 einen horizontalen Schnitt gemäß der Figur 3,
  • Figur 5 eine Düse mit zickzack- förmigem Düsenboden und
  • Figur 6 eine andere Düse mit zickzack- förmigem Düsenboden.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawing shown in simplified form. Show it
  • FIG. 1 a side view of an apparatus according to the invention for powder coating wood substrates,
  • FIG. 2 an array of heaters in the preheating,
  • FIG. 3 a view of an arrangement of a nozzle box with an opposite further nozzle box in the transport direction,
  • FIG. 4 a horizontal section according to the FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 a nozzle with zigzag-shaped nozzle bottom and
  • FIG. 6 another nozzle with a zigzag-shaped nozzle bottom.

Wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich umfasst eine Vorrichtung zum Pulverbeschichten eine Transportvorrichtung 1, an der Holzsubstrate 2 mit genereller Transportrichtung gemäß Pfeil 3 an einer Aufgabestation einhängbar sind. Die Transportvorrichtung 1 ist z.B. als endlose Schleife geführt. In der Transportrichtung 3 folgen aufeinander Mittel zum Aufsprühen 4 des Lackpulvers, Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5 der frisch aufgetragenen Pulverschicht mittels Infrarot- Strahlen und Mittel zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6 der vorgewärmten Pulverschicht.Like from the FIG. 1 a device for powder coating comprises a transport device 1, to which wood substrates 2 with a general transport direction according to arrow 3 can be suspended at a loading station. The transport device 1 is performed, for example, as an endless loop. In the transport direction 3 successive means for spraying 4 of the paint powder, means for preheating 5 the freshly applied powder layer by means of infrared rays and means for fusing and crosslinking 6 of the preheated powder layer.

Die Transportvorrichtung 1 ist z.B. ein Hängeförderer mit einer Schiene 7, in der eine umlaufende Kette geführt ist. An der Kette sind in (entsprechend der Größe der Holzsubstrate) wählbaren Abständen Haken 8 einhängbar.The transport device 1 is e.g. an overhead conveyor with a rail 7, in which a circulating chain is guided. Hooks 8 can be hooked into the chain (selectable according to the size of the wood substrates).

Die Mittel zum Aufsprühen 4 des Lackpulvers sind bekannt und werden z.B. von der Firma Wagner (CH Altstätten) oder Nordson (DE Erkrath) geliefert. Sie werden hier nicht näher beschrieben.The means for spraying 4 the paint powder are known and are e.g. supplied by the company Wagner (CH Altstätten) or Nordson (DE Erkrath). They will not be described here.

Die Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5 des frisch aufgesprühten Lackpulvers sind in Figur 2 besonders gut zu erkennen und umfassen zwei sich mit ihren Frontseiten parallel gegenüberliegende Tragegestelle 9. Deren gegenseitiger Abstand ist variabel über z.B. ein Handrad einstellbar. Jedes Tragegestell 9 ist an fünf Seiten von einem ersten Gehäuse 10 umgeben, und an der Frontseite ist eine Vielzahl von Infrarotstrahlern 11 befestigt. Die Infrarotstrahler 11 sind röhrenförmige Karbonstrahler, die fischgratartig auf der Ebene der Frontseite befestigt sind. Die Infrarotstrahler 11 sind hierbei in zwei Spalten angeordnet, wobei sie unter einem Winkel von circa 45° von außen unten nach oben zur Mitte der Frontseite verlaufen. Unten sind von der Mitte und oben von den Seiten der Frontseite ausgehend Infrarotstrahler 11 geringerer (hier halber wirksamer) Länge befestigt, um die Fläche ohne Infrarotstrahler möglichst gering zu halten. Aus der Umhüllenden der Gesamtheit der Infrarotstrahler 11 ergibt sich für jede Seite eine wirksame Fläche der Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5. Die Karbonstrahler, z.B. Typ CRS 2300 G von Heraeus, sind auf ihrer dem Gehäuse zugewandten Seite mit einem Infrarotstrahlen reflektierenden Material beschichtet, z.B. mit Gold bedampft. Die Infrarotstrahler 11 können so verdreht eingebaut sein, dass die Abstrahlrichtung wechselweise um z.B. 45° nach oben und nach unten gerichtet ist. Um die Infrarotstrahler 11 vor Überhitzung zu schützen, ist ihnen eine Zwangsbelüftung zugeordnet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung sind die Infrarotstrahler 11 einzeln oder in Gruppen einschaltbar.The means for preheating 5 of the freshly sprayed coating powder are in FIG. 2 Particularly well to recognize and include two with their front sides parallel opposite carrying frames 9. Their mutual distance is variable via eg a handwheel adjustable. Each support frame 9 is surrounded on five sides by a first housing 10, and on the front side a plurality of infrared radiators 11 is attached. The infrared radiators 11 are tubular carbon radiators, which are fixed in a fishbone manner at the level of the front side. The infrared radiator 11 are in this case arranged in two columns, wherein they extend at an angle of approximately 45 ° from the bottom to the top to the center of the front. Down from the center and top of the sides of the front side starting infrared emitters 11 lesser (half effective here) length attached to keep the area as low as possible without infrared emitters. The envelope of the entirety of the infrared radiator 11 results in an effective area of the preheating means 5 for each side. The carbon radiators, for example of the CRS 2300 G type from Heraeus, are coated on their side facing the housing with an infrared ray-reflecting material, eg with gold steamed. The infrared radiator 11 can be installed so twisted that the emission direction is alternately directed by 45 °, for example, upwards and downwards. To protect the infrared radiator 11 from overheating, they are assigned a forced ventilation. In a preferred embodiment, the infrared radiator 11 can be switched on individually or in groups.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 sind die Mittel zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6 näher dargestellt. Diese grenzen unmittelbar an die Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5 und sind hier in fünf identische Felder 6a unterteilt. Die fünf Felder 6a umfassen zehn Düsenkästen 12, die in zwei parallelen Reihen angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise liegt jedem Düsenkasten 12 ein weiterer in vorbestimmtem Abstand gegenüber, und jedes Feld 6a weist zwei gegenüberliegende Düsenkästen 12 auf. Der Abstand zweier gegenüber liegender Frontseiten der Düsenkästen 12 ist variabel einstellbar.In the FIGS. 3 and 4 the means for fusing and crosslinking 6 are shown in more detail. These immediately adjoin the means for preheating 5 and are here divided into five identical fields 6a. The five panels 6a comprise ten nozzle boxes 12 arranged in two parallel rows. In this way, each nozzle box 12 faces another at a predetermined distance, and each panel 6a has two opposed nozzle boxes 12. The distance between two opposite front sides of the nozzle boxes 12 is variably adjustable.

Jeder Düsenkasten 12 ist in einem Maschinengestell 13 gelagert. Jedem Düsenkasten 12 ist ein Druckkasten 14 zugeordnet, der über Kanäle 15 mit jenem verbunden ist. In jedem Druckkasten 14 ist an einer Saugöffnung ein Ventilator 16 angeordnet, der über einen Motor antreibbar und in dem Maschinengestell 13 gelagert ist. An der Frontseite jedes Düsenkastens 12 ist eine Vielzahl von hier acht parallelen, vertikal ausgerichteten Düsen 17 befestigt. Jede Düse 17 weist eine plane Düsenebene mit in einem Muster angeordneten Düsenöffnungen auf und ist durch eine Druckleitung 18 mit dem Düsenkasten 12 verbunden. Zwischen gegenüberliegenden Düsenebenen ist ein Behandlungsraum gebildet. Als Wärmequelle zur Aufheizung von Umluft ist ein Brenner 19 so angeordnet, dass die ihn verlassenden Heizgase in den Saugraum des Ventilators 16 gelangen.Each nozzle box 12 is mounted in a machine frame 13. Each nozzle box 12 is associated with a pressure box 14 which is connected via channels 15 with that. In each pressure box 14, a fan 16 is arranged at a suction opening, which is driven by a motor and stored in the machine frame 13. At the front of each nozzle box 12, a plurality of here eight parallel, vertically aligned nozzles 17 is attached. Each nozzle 17 has a plane nozzle plane with nozzle openings arranged in a pattern and is connected to the nozzle box 12 by a pressure line 18. Between opposite nozzle levels, a treatment room is formed. As a heat source for heating circulating air, a burner 19 is arranged so that the hot gases leaving it reach the suction chamber of the fan 16.

Die Mittel zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6 sind mit Ausnahme eines Schlitzes 20 für die Durchführung der Haken 8 und der Holzsubstrate 2 von einem wärmeisolierenden Gehäuse umgeben. In das Gehäuse ist das Maschinengestell 13 integriert. Alle oder einzelne Zwischenwände zwischen zwei Feldern 6a können isoliert sein.The fusing and crosslinking means 6 are surrounded by a heat-insulating casing except for a slot 20 for passing the hooks 8 and the wood substrates 2. In the housing, the machine frame 13 is integrated. All or individual partitions between two panels 6a may be insulated.

Alternativ sind einzelne oder alle der oben beschriebenen Düsen 17 mit planer Düsenebene durch Düsen 17 mit spezieller Düsenebene ersetzt. Zwei Beispiele hierfür sind aus den Figuren 5 und 6 ersichtlich. Die Düsenebenen sind hier jeweils zickzack- förmig, wobei die zickzack- Form bei dem Beispiel der Figur 5 im Querschnitt und bei dem Beispiel der Figur 6 im Längsschnitt der Düsenebene gebildet ist.Alternatively, individual or all of the nozzles 17 described above with a plane nozzle plane are replaced by nozzles 17 with a specific nozzle plane. Two examples of this are from the FIGS. 5 and 6 seen. The nozzle planes here are each zigzag-shaped, with the zigzag shape in the example of FIG FIG. 5 in cross-section and in the example of FIG. 6 is formed in the longitudinal section of the nozzle plane.

Die wirksame Höhe der Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5 und der Mittel zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6 entspricht mindestens der größten zu behandelnden Höhe der Holzsubstrate 2, wobei sich letztere Höhe auf einen in die Transportvorrichtung 1 eingehängten Zustand bezieht. Die wirksame Höhe beträgt hier circa 2 m.The effective height of the means for preheating 5 and the means for fusing and crosslinking 6 corresponds at least to the largest height of the wooden substrates 2 to be treated, the latter height relating to a condition suspended in the transport device 1. The effective height here is about 2 m.

Die in der Vorrichtung zu bearbeitenden Holzsubstrate 2 weisen vorzugsweise eine Feuchte von 7 Gewichts- % auf. Hierfür werden sie vor der Pulverbeschichtung z.B. in einer Klimakammer bei 50 % relativer Feuchte und einer Temperatur von 20°C gelagert.The wood substrates 2 to be processed in the device preferably have a moisture content of 7% by weight. For this they are before the powder coating e.g. stored in a climatic chamber at 50% relative humidity and a temperature of 20 ° C.

Im Betrieb werden die bereitgestellten Holzsubstrate 2 maschinell oder von Hand in die Haken 8 der Transportvorrichtung 1 eingehängt und kontinuierlich in Richtung des Pfeils 3 durch die Vorrichtung gefördert. Die Holzsubstrate 2 gelangen zuerst in die Mittel zum Aufsprühen 4, wo alle Oberflächen mit einem geeigneten Lackpulver in gleichmäßiger Dicke besprüht werden; damit das Lackpulver ausreichend an den Holzsubstraten 2 haftet, werden diese elektrostatisch aufgeladen.In operation, the provided wood substrates 2 are mounted by machine or by hand in the hook 8 of the transport device 1 and continuously conveyed in the direction of the arrow 3 through the device. The wood substrates 2 first pass into the spraying means 4, where all surfaces are sprayed with a suitable paint powder in a uniform thickness; so that the paint powder sufficiently adheres to the wood substrates 2, they are electrostatically charged.

Die frisch mit dem Lackpulver besprühten Holzsubstrate 2 werden dann in die Mittel zum Vorwärmen 5 transportiert. Hier sind im Normalfall alle Infrarotstrahler 11 eingeschaltet. Hierdurch wird die Pulverschicht so erwärmt, dass sie zumindest erweicht und mit dem Holzsubstrat 2 sowie die einzelnen Teilchen untereinander verklebt. Durch die spezielle Anordnung der Infrarotstrahler 11 werden auch die Nebenflächen (Ober-, Unter-, Vorder- und Hinterseiten) der Holzsubstrate 2 ausreichend erwärmt.The freshly sprayed with the paint powder wood substrates 2 are then transported into the preheating means 5. In this case, all infrared radiators 11 are normally switched on. As a result, the powder layer is heated so that it at least softens and glued to the wood substrate 2 and the individual particles with each other. Due to the special arrangement of the infrared radiator 11 and the secondary surfaces (top, bottom, front and rear sides) of the wood substrates 2 are sufficiently heated.

Unmittelbar nach den Mitteln zum Vorwärmen 5 gelangen die Holzsubstrate 2 in die Mittel zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6. Hier sind die Ventilatoren 16 in Betrieb und blasen heiße Luft aus den Düsen 17 auf die Oberflächen der Holzsubstrate 2; die Luft hat hierbei eine Temperatur von 130° bis 200°C und eine Auftreffgeschwindigkeit von 20 bis 35 m/s. Infolge dieser intensiven Heißluftbehandlung schmilzt die vorher angeschmolzene Pulverschicht komplett auf und wird innerhalb kurzer Zeit weitestgehend vernetzt (gesintert). Es entsteht eine geschlossene Lack- Oberfläche der Pulverschicht mit einer bestimmten Glätte, die eine hohe chemische und mechanische Stabilität aufweist.Immediately after the means for preheating 5, the wood substrates 2 enter the means for fusing and crosslinking 6. Here, the fans 16 operate and blow hot air from the nozzles 17 onto the surfaces of the wood substrates 2; The air here has a temperature of 130 ° to 200 ° C and an impact velocity of 20 to 35 m / s. As a result of this intensive hot-air treatment, the previously molten powder layer melts completely and within a short time is largely crosslinked (sintered). The result is a closed paint surface of the powder layer with a certain smoothness, which has a high chemical and mechanical stability.

In den Mitteln zum Verschmelzen und Vernetzen 6 wird die Luft als Heißluft im Kreislauf geführt. Hierfür saugt jeder Ventilator 16 die Luft aus einem oberen und einen unteren Teil des Behandlungsraums und drückt sie über den Druckkasten 14, die Luftkanäle 15, den Düsenkasten 12, die Druckleitungen 18 und die Düsen 17 zurück in den Behandlungsraum auf die Holzsubstrate 2.In the fusion and crosslinking agent 6, the air is circulated as hot air. For this purpose, each fan 16 sucks the air from an upper and a lower part of the treatment space and pushes them back into the treatment space on the wood substrates 2 via the pressure box 14, the air channels 15, the nozzle box 12, the pressure lines 18 and the nozzles 17.

Hierbei trifft die aus den Düsen 17 austretende Luftströmung im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die Hauptflächen der Holzsubstrate 2. Für die Düsen 17 mit planer Düsenebene bedeutet dies, dass die Heißluft senkrecht zu der Düsenebene austritt und geradlinig zu den Holzsubstraten 2 strömt. Bei den Düsen 17 mit zickzack- förmiger Düsenebene tritt die Heißluft zwar in einem Winkel von 45° aus der Düsenebene aus; es entstehen aber auch Verwirbelungen, die bewirken, dass sowohl ein betreffender Teil der Hauptflächen als auch die Vorder-, Hinter-, Ober- und Unterseiten intensiv von der Heißluft behandelt werden:In this case, the air flow emerging from the nozzles 17 is substantially perpendicular to the main surfaces of the wood substrates 2. For the nozzles 17 with a plane nozzle plane, this means that the hot air exits perpendicularly to the nozzle plane and flows in a straight line to the wood substrates 2. In the case of the nozzles 17 with a zigzag-shaped nozzle plane, the hot air exits the nozzle plane at an angle of 45 °; but there are also turbulences, which cause both a relevant part of the main surfaces and the front, back, top and bottom are treated intensively by the hot air:

Die Luft wird durch die Brenner 19 auf die gewünschte Temperatur von 130° bis 200°C aufgeheizt und durch eine entsprechende Regelung konstant gehalten.The air is heated by the burner 19 to the desired temperature of 130 ° to 200 ° C and kept constant by a corresponding control.

Falls nach dem Vernetzen eine Kühlung der Holzsubstrate erforderlich ist, sind die Brenner 19 des letzten Feldes 6a außer Betrieb, und die Ventilatoren 16 saugen Umgebungsluft als Kühlluft an. Hierfür sind entsprechende Klappen geöffnet. Die erwärmte Kühlluft wird abgeleitet.If cooling of the wood substrates is required after crosslinking, the burners 19 of the last panel 6a are out of operation, and the fans 16 suck in ambient air as cooling air. For this purpose, corresponding flaps are opened. The heated cooling air is discharged.

Die fertig beschichteten Holzsubstrate 2 werden von Hand oder maschinell aus der Transportvorrichtung 1 ausgehängt und abtransportiert oder zwischengelagert.The finished coated wood substrates 2 are unmounted by hand or by machine from the transport device 1 and removed or stored.

Claims (11)

  1. Method for powder coating wood substrates,
    wherein the wood substrates (2) are supplied and then transported continuously ,
    wherein the wood substrates (2) are sprayed with the paint powder, and wherein the paint powder freshly applied onto the wood substrates (2) is melted and crosslinked to produce a paint layer,
    characterised in that
    the freshly sprayed wood substrates (2) are pretreated by means of brief infrared radiation so that the paint powder just adheres to the wood substrates (2) and the surfaces of the powder coating are precrosslinked,
    in that then the surfaces of the wood substrates (2) pretreated in this manner are exposed to intensive hot air treatment with the average temperature of the wood substrates (2) remaining below 100 °C and
    in that the hot air is directed essentially perpendicularly onto the surfaces of the wood substrates (2).
  2. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the speed of the hot air at the surfaces is 6 to 40 m/s, preferably 20 to 35 m/s.
  3. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the temperature of the hot air is 130 ° to 200 °C.
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the hot air treatment takes 100 s to 300 s.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pretreatment takes 30 s to 90 s.
  6. Device for powder coating wood substrates,
    comprising transport means (1) for the wood substrates (2),
    means for spraying the paint powder onto the wood substrates (2),
    means for preheating (5) the freshly applied powder layer by infrared radiation,
    and means for melting and crosslinking (6) the pretreated powder layer, characterised in that the means for melting and crosslinking (6) comprise at least one pair of nozzle chambers (12), which lie opposite one another with a predetermined spacing,
    in that nozzles (17) of the nozzle chambers (12) are vertical and essentially parallel to one another, and
    in that the nozzle plane of each nozzle (17) is configured in such a manner that exiting air streams impact the main surfaces of the wood substrates (2) essentially perpendicularly.
  7. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that as seen in transport direction, multiple nozzle chambers (12) are disposed one behind the other.
  8. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the spacing between opposite nozzle chambers (12) can be adjusted variably.
  9. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the spacing between opposite nozzle chambers (12) is 100 mm to 500 mm.
  10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that nozzles 17) with different nozzle planes are used.
  11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterised in that the means for preheating (5) comprises a plurality of electrical, tubular infrared emitters (11), arranged in a fishbone pattern.
EP07786677.0A 2006-09-22 2007-08-14 Method for powder coating wood substrates Not-in-force EP2066456B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006044959A DE102006044959B4 (en) 2006-09-22 2006-09-22 Method and apparatus for powder coating wood substrates
PCT/EP2007/007162 WO2008034497A1 (en) 2006-09-22 2007-08-14 Method and device for powder coating wood substrates

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EP2066456A1 EP2066456A1 (en) 2009-06-10
EP2066456B1 EP2066456B1 (en) 2010-07-21
EP2066456B8 EP2066456B8 (en) 2010-09-08
EP2066456B2 true EP2066456B2 (en) 2014-06-11

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EP (1) EP2066456B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE474673T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2663876A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2008034497A1 (en)

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DE102007061498B3 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-02-19 Wd Beteiligungs Gmbh Method for powder coating of wood substrates, involves continuously transporting and placing wood substrates, where wood substrate is sprayed successively on two sides with lacquer powder
DE102009006660A1 (en) 2009-01-29 2010-08-05 Baumer Innotec Ag Pipeline computing device for connecting contour elements from image data
CA2888186C (en) * 2012-10-12 2018-03-06 Intellectual Gorilla B.V. Method for producing a substrate having an image on at least one surface
CN108672149A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 安徽枫帆轨道装备有限公司 A kind of door-plate side spray-painting plant

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SE504783C2 (en) * 1995-08-10 1997-04-21 Triline Ab Powder coating process and plant
DE19831781A1 (en) * 1998-07-15 2000-01-27 Industrieservis Ges Fuer Innov Accelerated powder-coating of temperature-sensitive materials, e.g. wood, plastic, rubber, material, paper or card
ES2182500T3 (en) * 1998-03-16 2003-03-01 Advanced Photonics Tech Ag PROCEDURE FOR LACQUERED WITH POWDER MATERIAL.
US6596347B2 (en) * 1999-05-26 2003-07-22 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Multi-stage processes for coating substrates with a first powder coating and a second powder coating
WO2006028432A1 (en) * 2003-05-21 2006-03-16 Mdf Powder Coat Systems L.L.C. Method and apparatus for heating and curing powder coatings on porous wood products
DE102005003802A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-14 Nütro Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH & Co. KG Radiation apparatus and powder application station and arrangement for coating temperature-sensitive materials and method thereof

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ATE474673T1 (en) 2010-08-15
EP2066456B8 (en) 2010-09-08
DE502007004513D1 (en) 2010-09-02
EP2066456A1 (en) 2009-06-10
DE102006044959A1 (en) 2008-04-03
WO2008034497A1 (en) 2008-03-27
DE102006044959B4 (en) 2012-04-12
EP2066456B1 (en) 2010-07-21
US20090181181A1 (en) 2009-07-16
CA2663876A1 (en) 2008-03-27

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