EP2046632A1 - A silencer, a marine vessel and a method of silencing a marine exhaust - Google Patents
A silencer, a marine vessel and a method of silencing a marine exhaustInfo
- Publication number
- EP2046632A1 EP2046632A1 EP07766213A EP07766213A EP2046632A1 EP 2046632 A1 EP2046632 A1 EP 2046632A1 EP 07766213 A EP07766213 A EP 07766213A EP 07766213 A EP07766213 A EP 07766213A EP 2046632 A1 EP2046632 A1 EP 2046632A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silencer
- engine
- water
- exhaust
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
- B63H21/34—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels having exhaust-gas deflecting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F01N1/023—Helmholtz resonators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/004—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 specially adapted for marine propulsion, i.e. for receiving simultaneously engine exhaust gases and engine cooling water
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silencer for the exhaust of an in-board marine engine, an in-board marine engine, a method of silencing an in-board marine engine and to a boat or marine vessel including such a silencer.
- the invention is applicable to silencers for use in large marine vessels .
- a silencer for connection to an exhaust outlet of an in-board marine engine, the silencer comprising: a housing defining a Helmholtz resonator chamber and an expansion chamber; and, a baffle arranged within the housing between the expansion chamber and the resonator chamber, the baffle having a first opening for receiving an inlet or an outlet duct and a second opening defining an opening to the resonator chamber the silencer being arranged so that, in use, at least one of an inlet duct and an outlet duct passes through the resonator chamber, wherein the resonator chamber is arranged in use to be substantially free of water.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a simple and robust device suitable for silencing noise from the inboard engine of a large marine vessel.
- the resonator chamber receives water which varies the tuning of the resonator chamber.
- the tuning of the resonator chamber remains substantially fixed during all operating conditions .
- an inlet duct and an outlet duct are provided on opposite sides of the housing of the silencer.
- This provides a particularly advantageous configuration as it means that exhaust gas and water flowing through the silencer can pass easily through the silencer without encountering significant flow resistance.
- the baffle is selectively moveable, e.g. during production, to vary the tuning of the resonator chamber. This ensures that on fitting, the resonator is tuned to suit the expected frequencies of the engine of the vessel in which the device is fitted.
- a single workshop blank can be manufactured whilst enabling use of the device in vessels of different sizes and with different engines .
- a silencer for connection to an exhaust outlet of an in-board engine of a marine vessel, the silencer comprising: an expansion chamber; and, a resonator chamber, wherein, in use, the expansion chamber is arranged to receive water together with exhaust gas and the resonator chamber is arranged to be substantially free of water.
- a marine vessel comprising: an engine for providing motive force or other power generation to the vessel; and a silencer according to the first or second aspect of the present invention connected to an exhaust output of the engine.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a schematic representation of a silencer for a marine exhaust
- Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the silencer of Figure 1 ;
- Figure 3 is plan view of a baffle for use in the silencer of Figures 1 and 2;
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of a boat including a silencer according to Figures 1 and 2; and,
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through a silencer.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show schematically the construction of a silencer 1 according a particular example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- the silencer 1 includes a main body 6 in which are defined a resonator chamber 8 and an expansion chamber 10, separated by a baffle 12.
- An engine 22 is shown schematically together with the exhaust tubing 24 leaving the engine 22.
- a water inlet device 23 is provided in line with the exhaust tubing 24 to mix water with the exhaust gas. This has the effect of cooling the exhaust gas as it passes along the exhaust tubing 24.
- water is the most convenient, any coolant liquid may be used. It therefore is to be understood that the term "water” where used herein encompasses other coolant liquids that may be used.
- the main body 6 of the silencer 1 has two walls: a first end wall 14 and a second end wall 16, the baffle 12 being arranged at some point between the end walls 14 and 16.
- An inlet 4 is provided in the first end wall 14 and an outlet 5 is provided in the second end wall 16.
- the inlet and outlet are suitably sized holes in the first and second walls 14 and 16, respectively.
- tubing 2 or an adapter connects the exhaust of the boat engine into the main body 6.
- the tubing or adapter may be provided as part of the silencer for fitting the silencer in-line with the exhaust tubing from the engine.
- the adapter may be an integral part of the silencer or an additional separate component. Thus, flexibility may be provided in terms of the size of the tubing to which a standard sized silencer body 6 can be fitted.
- An adapter or tail pipe 20 provides a passage for exhaust gas and water to be output from the main body 6 of the silencer.
- the baffle has two openings - one 11 for receiving the end of the tubing or adapter 2, and another 13 defining an opening to the resonator 8.
- the tailpipe or adapter may be an integral part of the silencer or may be a separate component .
- the resonator 8 is a reactive tuned element that relies on the Helmholtz resonator principle, whereby a mass of air in the neck, defined within opening 13 leading to the chamber 8 of the resonator, is effectively “suspended” on an "air spring” created by the chamber 8, thus providing a one- degree-of-freedom dynamic element.
- the dynamic element has an inherent resonant frequency, and if excited acoustically, e.g. by an acoustic sound wave, it will return energy 180° out of phase relative to the incoming acoustic propagation such that sound cancellation occurs. Thus, it has the effect of "silencing" the original acoustic sound wave, which is of course the desired effect.
- the term "silencing” means causing a reduction of the original outlet noise.
- the tubing 2 connects the silencer to the exhaust output of a marine engine.
- the tubing 2 passes through an opening 4 within the end wall 14 of the silencer.
- the tubing 2 passes through the opening in the first wall 14, all the way through the resonator chamber 8 and then through the opening 11 in the baffle 12.
- the tubing 2 terminates at some axial distance downstream from the baffle 12 as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In the examples shown there is a separation between the plane of the baffle 12 and the end of the tubing 2. This ensures that the flow from the inlet or outlet duct does not impinge on the resonator neck opening.
- the tail pipe 20 connects to an opening within the second end wall 16 to provide means for discharging the water and exhaust gas to atmosphere or the external environment .
- exhaust gas is generated in engine 22 and coupled along exhaust tubing 24, possibly through a turbocharger (not shown) .
- the gas will be at about 450 0 C as it leaves the turbocharger.
- Water is added via a spray ring 23 which cools the gas immediately to about 30°-60°C, e.g. around 50 0 C.
- the mixture of water and exhaust gas then passes into the tubing or adapter 2 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- an acoustic wave propagates along the tubing 24 from the engine.
- the acoustic sound wave is generated primarily by the action of the exhaust valves on the gas leaving the cylinders within the engine.
- the acoustic wave would propagate all the way along the tubing 24 to the tail pipe and out to atmosphere or the external environment .
- the silencer operates as follows.
- the cooling water, exhaust gas and acoustic wave pass along the tubing 24, through the inlet duct or adapter 2 which extends throughout the length of the resonator chamber 8 and into the expansion chamber 10 where the gas expands.
- the acoustic wave excites the small disk of air within the opening 13 in the baffle, forcing it to oscillate according to the conventional principles of a Helmholtz resonator.
- the resonator 8 functions as a reactive silencer. It is the action of the acoustic wave acting on the opening 13 that causes the resonance to occur.
- the resonator generates an acoustic wave 180° out of phase with the exciting wave and therefore cancels it out and significantly reduces the noise that eventually leaves the tail pipe 20.
- the baffle 12 is fixed with respect to the housing 6 such that the relative sizes of the resonator chamber and the expansion chamber are defined.
- the size of the opening 13 is also fixed such that overall the acoustic properties of the silencer are defined.
- the selection of the axial location of the baffle is fixed so as to provide a resonant frequency of the resonator at some desired level, i.e. in dependence on the size of the boat or engine speed and configuration for which it is destined.
- the baffle may be easily moveable during manufacture or afterwards so as to vary the tuning of the silencer. This is particularly advantageous as it means that a single sized silencer can be optimally tuned for operation at different resonant frequencies.
- FIG 4 shows a schematic representation of a marine vessel including a silencer like that of Figures 1 and 2.
- the vessel includes an in-board engine 25 having an output shaft 27 for driving a propeller. Other power train components or gears etc may be provided but are not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the engine is a propulsion engine.
- the engine is a generator for generating electricity or to satisfy other power requirements of the boat. Such a power- generating engine may well be used at night when passengers are sleeping on the boat. Therefore, it is important in these situations to silence the noise of the engine.
- the vessel has fitted a silencer 1 of similar construction to that shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the vessel may be any sort of marine vessel and is preferably a large marine vessel, i.e.
- the frequency at which the silencer has the greatest effect is within the range of 80Hz to 160Hz.
- the parameters of the silencer may be varied during design and/or manufacture to provide resonance (and therefore optimum silencing capability) at a desired frequency.
- the required size of the silencer is typically at least 0.5 metres long. In other words, along its longest external dimension, the silencer is at least 0.5 metres long.
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a silencer.
- a resonator chamber 8 is provided as part of the main body 6 of the silencer.
- a baffle 26 is provided that defines, with the housing 6, the resonator chamber 8 and the expansion chamber 10.
- An inlet duct 2 is provided for connection to the exhaust outlet of a marine engine.
- An outlet duct 20 is also provided for connection to the exhaust tailpipe of a boat in which the silencer is arranged.
- An opening 28 is provided in the baffle 26 for forming a resonator in the chamber 8.
- a second opening 30 is also provided in the baffle for allowing the exhaust duct to pass through the resonator chamber and from the resonator chamber into the expansion chamber 10. In this configuration an amount of water will be present in the expansion chamber and the inlet 32 to the outlet duct will be positioned, in use below the water level 34.
- the outlet duct passes through the resonator chamber 10.
- such an arrangement allows for a compact arrangement of the silencer.
- the pressure inside the expansion chamber will increase, causing both resonance to occur at the opening of the resonator chamber and also causing an exhaust of liquid and gas through the outlet duct 20.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US82015506P | 2006-07-24 | 2006-07-24 | |
PCT/GB2007/002631 WO2008012501A1 (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2007-07-12 | A silencer, a marine vessel and a method of silencing a marine exhaust |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2046632A1 true EP2046632A1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
EP2046632B1 EP2046632B1 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
Family
ID=38617270
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07766213A Expired - Fee Related EP2046632B1 (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2007-07-12 | A silencer, a marine vessel and a method of silencing a marine exhaust |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2046632B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007013054D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008012501A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011104539A1 (en) | 2011-06-18 | 2012-12-20 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Silencer for exhaust gas system of internal combustion engine in block-type thermal power station, has silencer chamber filled with fluid e.g. water, such that portion of gas stream flows through path of inlet to outlet of chamber by fluid |
DE102012217931A1 (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-03 | Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh | submarine |
CN109253340B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2024-04-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Resonant water muffler with adjustable frequency and pressure bearing |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB632120A (en) * | 1947-03-12 | 1949-11-16 | Maxim Silencer Co | Improvements in or relating to exhaust gas silencers of internal combustion engines |
-
2007
- 2007-07-12 WO PCT/GB2007/002631 patent/WO2008012501A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-12 EP EP07766213A patent/EP2046632B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-12 DE DE602007013054T patent/DE602007013054D1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008012501A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008012501A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
DE602007013054D1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
EP2046632B1 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
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