EP2024554A1 - Circuit arrangement and method for operating a peltier module of a heat pump in a domestic appliance - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement and method for operating a peltier module of a heat pump in a domestic appliance

Info

Publication number
EP2024554A1
EP2024554A1 EP07728220A EP07728220A EP2024554A1 EP 2024554 A1 EP2024554 A1 EP 2024554A1 EP 07728220 A EP07728220 A EP 07728220A EP 07728220 A EP07728220 A EP 07728220A EP 2024554 A1 EP2024554 A1 EP 2024554A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peltier module
energy
operating
circuit arrangement
peltier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07728220A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2024554B1 (en
Inventor
Hasan Gökcer ALBAYRAK
Sven-Stefan Krüger
Guido Sattler
Klaus Grunert
Lothar Knopp
Günter Steffens
Andreas Stolze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority to PL07728220T priority Critical patent/PL2024554T3/en
Publication of EP2024554A1 publication Critical patent/EP2024554A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2024554B1 publication Critical patent/EP2024554B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/206—Heat pump arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, in particular a tumble dryer.
  • Peltier-Element in structure and function is described.
  • the half elements of this Peltier element are formed in columns or cuboid and consist of doped semiconductors as materials.
  • the semiconductors are, in particular, bismuth telluride and a p-type doped semiconductor and an n-type doped semiconductor are used.
  • a half-element of the p-type doped semiconductor and a half-element of the n-type doped semiconductor are each connected to one side via a printed circuit board, also referred to as a metal bridge, and at another side, which said one side opposite, connected in each case via a further printed circuit board with a further half-element or a connection contact for the connection of the Peltier element to an electrical network.
  • a printed circuit board also referred to as a metal bridge
  • a washing machine in which laundry not only washed but also can be dried.
  • the document shows several alternatives.
  • an electrical heating device for heating an air stream used for drying laundry and a simple heat exchanger for cooling the heated air stream after the application of the laundry may be provided, wherein the heater and the cooler but can also belong to a heat pump device.
  • the heat pump device can also be designed such that it works with Peltier elements for use of the thermoelectric effect.
  • An apparatus for drying laundry originating from an English short extract belonging to the patent abstract "Patent Abstracts of Japan" for JP 08 057 194 A contains, in addition to a heater and a cooler, both of which belong to a thermoelectrically operable heat pump device, in their first duct system the cooler upstream additional heat exchanger for cooling the air flow discharged from the laundry and an additional heating device downstream of the heater for further heating of the air flow before the loading of the laundry.
  • a circuit arrangement according to the invention is designed for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, which is designed in particular for the care of laundry items.
  • the Peltier module comprises a plurality of Peltier elements.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises a switching regulator and an intermediate circuit which has an energy store and is connected to the switching regulator, wherein, depending on the operating state of the Peltier module, an energy generated by the Peltier module can be stored in the energy store for demand-dependent further use in the household appliance.
  • the Peltier module has a first operating state, in which it is coupled to the power supply with a mains voltage, and a second operating state, in which it is decoupled from the mains voltage.
  • the energy can preferably be stored in the energy store.
  • the energy stored in the energy store is at least partially traceable to the Peltier module and / or can be delivered to at least one further consumer of the household appliance for supplying energy and / or can be traced back to the energy supply network.
  • the energy stored in the energy store is at least partially traceable to the Peltier module and / or can be delivered to at least one further consumer of the household appliance for supplying energy and / or can be traced back to the energy supply network.
  • the circuit arrangement preferably comprises a synchronization unit which is designed to synchronize the load-side output voltage with the frequency of the mains voltage. As a result, an active power factor correction can be achieved.
  • the circuit arrangement preferably comprises means with which in a first operating phase of the Peltier module at least a first operating parameter of the Peltier module and in a second operating phase at least a second operating parameter of the Peltier module can be detected, depending on the detected operating parameters, the further operation of the Peltier module is controllable. Values of operating parameters of the Peltier module can thus be easily detected and used for an optimized control process of the drying process.
  • the electrical power consumption of the Peltier module is detected after coupling to the power supply.
  • temperatures of the hot and cold sides of the Peltier module in a second operating phase, in which the Peltier module is disconnected from the power supply are detected and determined from the temperatures and the power consumption moisture content of the laundry items.
  • the Peltier module comprises a plurality of Peltier elements, depending on the operating state of the Peltier module one of Peltier Module generated energy in an energy storage of an intermediate circuit of a circuit arrangement for Operating the Peltier module stored and provided for demand-dependent further use in the household appliance. This allows a more effective and efficient operation of the domestic appliance.
  • the Peltier module is temporarily decoupled from a power supply and then stored the energy generated by the Peltier module in the energy storage.
  • the stored energy in the energy storage is preferably at least partially returned to the Peltier module in further operation of the Peltier module depending on demand and / or delivered to at least one other consumer of the household appliance for power and / or returned to the power grid.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement according to a second embodiment
  • Fig. 3 shows a circuit arrangement according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a Peltier module 1 which is intended for use in a Peltier heat pump for a tumble dryer.
  • the Peltier module 1 comprises Peltier elements 2 connected electrically in series. In the present example, twelve Peltier elements 2 are shown, but the Peltier module 1 is not fixed to this number. The number of Peltier elements 2 and their operating values are jointly designed so that the series arrangement of the Peltier elements 2 can be operated with a voltage which results when the mains voltage is rectified.
  • a Peltier module 1 with more than one series arrangement shown here is also possible, wherein the individual row arrangements are usually arranged parallel to one another. It is understood that also a Peltier module 1 is for operation with a voltage other than the rectified mains voltage, be it a voltage higher or lower than that rectified mains voltage can be used in optionally adapted according to the circuit arrangement.
  • the rectified mains voltage is first provided in accordance with standard practice with 120 V or 230 V AC voltage (120 VAC / 230 VAC), wherein the connections L and N are shown schematically here.
  • the AC voltage is rectified by a mains rectifier 3, which has a conventional construction.
  • a capacitor 5a is connected as a buffer in parallel to the DC-side terminals of the mains rectifier 3.
  • the capacitor 5a of the circuit part 5 is preceded by a current-limiting element 4a, for example an NTC resistor, in a circuit part 4.
  • the current-limiting element 4a is bridged after the charging process via a switch 4b, for example a relay.
  • a mains current measurement and a mains voltage measurement can take place, wherein the circuit part 5 is electrically connected to a switching regulator 6 and the measured values are transferable to the switching regulator 6 for evaluating and further processing.
  • the switching regulator 6 can be designed as a microprocessor.
  • the switching regulator 6 is also electrically connected to a communication interface 7, via which nominal values of various parameters can be transmitted.
  • the switching regulator 6 is designed to communicate with an external control and / or control unit via the interface 7.
  • the switching regulator 6 is connected to a further circuit part 8.
  • the circuit part 8 has a driver unit 8a and transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 and diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4.
  • the drive electronics thus comprises a boost converter (transistors T1 and T4, diode D3 and energy storage 9) and a buck converter (transistor T1, diodes D2 and D3, energy storage 9) in the direction of the load side and a boost converter (transistors T2 and T3, diode D1 and energy storage 9) and a buck converter (transistor T3, diodes D1 and D4, energy storage 9) in the direction of the DC link.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises a circuit part 10, which is designed for measuring the electrical power consumption and in particular the current measurement and the voltage measurement of the Peltier module 1.
  • the circuit part 10 is electrically connected to a current and voltage transducer 1 1, which in turn is electrically connected to the switching regulator 6.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises two switches 12, which can be designed as relays.
  • the rectified mains voltage can be separated from the Peltier module 1 and the Peltier module 1 can be switched to an interior lighting 14 of the clothes dryer.
  • the switch 12 can also switch to another consumer, for example a further sensor, another measuring device or controller, a display element or the like, alone or in combination with another consumer effect.
  • a measuring device is integrated into the main control comprising the switching regulator 6 of the tumble dryer.
  • the switches 12 are switched by the switching regulator 6.
  • a PTC resistor 13 is arranged as a temperature sensor 13. Depending on the measured values detected by this temperature sensor 13, an alternating current-side switch 15 can be actuated, as a result of which the entire Peltier module 1 can be switched off depending on the switch position.
  • an NTC resistor 16 is arranged on the Peltier module 1, which is likewise designed for temperature determination and transmits the detected measured values to the switching regulator 6.
  • a first phase of operation of the tumble dryer is first set, in which the Peltier module 1 of a heat pump of the tumble dryer is supplied with energy.
  • the Peltier module 1 is connected to the rectified mains voltage, to which the switches 12 are connected accordingly.
  • a second operating phase is subsequently set for predefinable phases of the drying process, for which purpose the Peltier module 1 is disconnected from the energy supply by the changeover switches 12 being switched accordingly. In this second operating phase, the temperatures of a cold side and a warm side of the Peltier module 1 are determined.
  • thermoelectric voltage generated by the separation of the power supply from the Peltier module 1 are measured and determined from this, the temperature difference between the cold side and the warm side of the Peltier module 1 in the switching regulator 6. Furthermore, a local temperature of the Peltier module 1 is determined via the NTC resistor 16, which in the present case represents the temperature of the hot side of the Peltier module 1.
  • the local temperature of the cold side of the Peltier module 1 is then calculated.
  • the Peltier module 1 is again connected to the power supply by the switches 12 are switched accordingly, and thereby the first operating phase of the clothes dryer and the Peltier module 1 is set again.
  • the power consumption of the Peltier module 1 is then measured after connecting it to the power supply until setting a desired operating point of the Peltier module 1.
  • the remaining moisture in the laundry can then also be determined in the control unit 6, the remaining moisture in the laundry.
  • 6 reference humidities are stored as a function of the instantaneous phase of a drying process in this control unit.
  • the determined remaining moisture in the items of laundry is then compared with the reference humidity, wherein the reference humidity characterizes the remaining moisture in the laundry, which reached at the current time of the Phase of the drying process should be achieved. Depending on the comparison, the further drying process is controlled.
  • the transistors T1, T2 and T4 are not turned on. Furthermore, with the activation of the transistor T1, a buck converter function in the direction of the consumer side with the energy store 9 designed as a choke and the diode D3 is achieved. In this case, the transistors T2, T3 and T4 are not turned on.
  • the stored energy in the energy storage 9 can be at least partially returned to the Peltier module 1 in the further operation of the domestic appliance.
  • the energy of the energy storage device 9 can also be delivered to other consumers of the household appliance, for example to sensors, controllers, display modules and also to the interior lighting 14.
  • the return of the stored energy in the energy storage 9 into the network can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 Another embodiment of a circuit arrangement is shown in FIG. This circuit is also suitable for measuring and evaluating the parameters explained above and for carrying out a control of the Peltier module 1 depending on an optimized drying process.
  • the energy storage of the energy emitted by the Peltier module in the second operating phase can take place in an energy store which is arranged as a capacitor 5a in the intermediate circuit.
  • the switching regulator or the unit 6 feeds or stores the energy in the network-side intermediate circuit capacitor 5a by means of the switching elements T2, D1 and the storage choke 19 and outputs the actual values as required via the communication interface 7.
  • this circuit has a circuit part 17 which comprises the transistors T1 and T2 and the flyback diodes D1 and D2 and a driver unit 17a.
  • the current and voltage transducer 1 1 is assigned to the circuit part 10 in this embodiment.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises two storage chokes 18 and 19.
  • the switching regulator 6 controls the circuit arrangement in the second operating phase, in which the Peltier module 1 is disconnected from the power supply, such that the energy generated in the Peltier module 1 due to the Seebeck effect in the Peltier module 1 in the intermediate circuit the circuit arrangement and in particular in the intermediate circuit capacitor 5 a is stored. Depending on demand, this stored energy can then be given to other consumers and / or via the communication interface 7 elsewhere. In particular, a return of this stored energy into the Peltier module 1 can then take place during other operating phases. Also a return to the net is possible.
  • the Peltier module 1 is wired to the power supply with a DC voltage from a range between 40 V and about 23 V, so that the control electronics includes, inter alia, two circuit modules I and II.
  • the circuit module I is controlled so that with the chokes 21 and 22 is a Hochsetzerfunktion in the direction of the load side in over the switch S1, which is designed as a relay, short-circuited diode D5 is realized.
  • the circuit arrangement also comprises a synchronization unit 20, which is designed to synchronize the load-side output voltage with the frequency of the mains voltage.
  • the stored in the energy storage 9 'energy can be fed back into the network using the controlled in network synchronization transistors of the circuit module I back.
  • the values measured by the temperature sensor 13 are transmitted to a relay drive device 23, via which the switch 15 can be controlled.
  • the domestic appliance can also be designed as a dishwasher with a heat pump and with a circuit arrangement just described for operating the Peltier module of the heat pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating a Peltier module (1) of a heat pump in a domestic appliance, in particular for the treatment of laundry items, with a number of Peltier elements (2), with a switch regulator (6) and an intermediate circuit comprising a power store (5a, 9, 9') and connected to the switch regulator (6), wherein energy generated by the Peltier module (1) can be stored in the power store (5a, 9, 9'), independent of the operating condition of the Peltier module (1), for further use in the domestic appliance when needed. The invention further relates to a method for operating a Peltier module (1) of a heat pump in a domestic appliance.

Description

Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Peltier- Moduls einer Wärmepumpe eines HausgerätsCircuit arrangement and method for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines Peltier-Moduls einer Wärmepumpe eines Hausgeräts, insbesondere eines Wäschetrockners.The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, in particular a tumble dryer.
Aus einem Dokument, welches am 25.1 1.2005 von der Internetadresse http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peltier-Element herunterladbar war, ist ein Peltier-Element in Aufbau und Funktion beschrieben. Die Halbelemente dieses Peltier-Elements sind säulen- oder quaderförmig ausgebildet und bestehen aus dotierten Halbleitern als Werkstoffe. Die Halbleiter sind insbesondere Wismut- Tellurid und es kommen ein p-leitend dotierter und ein n-leitend dotierter Halbleiter zum Einsatz. Jeweils ein Halbelement aus dem p-leitend dotierten Halbleiter und ein Halbelement aus dem n-leitend dotierten Halbleiter sind jeweils an einer Seite über ein Leiter- plättchen, auch als Metallbrücke bezeichnet, miteinander verbunden, und an einer anderen Seite, welcher der genannten einen Seite gegenüberliegt, über jeweils ein weiteres Leiterplättchen mit einem weiteren Halbelement oder einem Anschlusskontakt zum An- schluss des Peltier-Elements an ein elektrisches Netzwerk verbunden.From a document, which was downloadable on 25.1 1.2005 from the Internet address http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peltier-Element, a Peltier element in structure and function is described. The half elements of this Peltier element are formed in columns or cuboid and consist of doped semiconductors as materials. The semiconductors are, in particular, bismuth telluride and a p-type doped semiconductor and an n-type doped semiconductor are used. In each case a half-element of the p-type doped semiconductor and a half-element of the n-type doped semiconductor are each connected to one side via a printed circuit board, also referred to as a metal bridge, and at another side, which said one side opposite, connected in each case via a further printed circuit board with a further half-element or a connection contact for the connection of the Peltier element to an electrical network.
Weitere Hinweis zu Grundlagen, anwendungsbezogener Auswahl und Montage von PeI- tier-Elementen ergeben sich aus Dokumenten, die am 25.1 1 .2005 von den Internet- Adressen http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/download/Erlaeuterung-zu-Peltierelementen.pdf und http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/download/Einbau.pdf herunterladbar waren.Further information on the basics, application-specific selection and assembly of printing elements can be found in documents published on 25.1 1 .2005 from the Internet addresses http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/download/Erlaeuterung-zu -Peltierelementen.pdf and http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/download/Einbau.pdf were downloadable.
Aus der DE 1 410 206 A ist eine Waschmaschine bekannt, in welcher Waschgut nicht nur gewaschen sondern auch getrocknet werden kann. Für die dazu erforderlichen zusätzlichen Einrichtungen zeigt die Schrift mehrere Alternativen. Insbesondere können eine e- lektrische Heizvorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines zur Trocknung von Waschgut eingesetzten Luftstroms und ein einfacher Wärmetauscher zum Abkühlen des erwärmten Luftstroms nach dem Beaufschlagen des Waschguts vorgesehen sein, wobei der Heizer und der Kühler aber auch zu einer Wärmepumpeneinrichtung gehören können. Die Wärmepumpeneinrichtung kann auch derartig ausgestaltet sein, dass sie mit Peltier-Elementen zur Nutzung des thermoelektrischen Effekts arbeitet.From DE 1 410 206 A a washing machine is known in which laundry not only washed but also can be dried. For the additional facilities required for this, the document shows several alternatives. In particular, an electrical heating device for heating an air stream used for drying laundry and a simple heat exchanger for cooling the heated air stream after the application of the laundry may be provided, wherein the heater and the cooler but can also belong to a heat pump device. The heat pump device can also be designed such that it works with Peltier elements for use of the thermoelectric effect.
Eine aus einem in der Datensammlung „Patent Abstracts of Japan" zur JP 08 057 194 A gehörigen englischen Kurzauszug hervorgehende Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Waschgut, enthält in ihrem ersten Kanalsystem neben einem Heizer und einem Kühler, welche beide zu einer thermoelektrisch betreibbaren Wärmepumpeneinrichtung gehören, einen dem Kühler vorgeschalteten zusätzlichen Wärmetauscher zur Abkühlung des von dem Waschgut abgeführten Luftstroms und eine dem Heizer nachgeschaltete zusätzliche Heizeinrichtung zum weiteren Erwärmen des Luftstroms vor dem Beaufschlagen des Waschguts.An apparatus for drying laundry originating from an English short extract belonging to the patent abstract "Patent Abstracts of Japan" for JP 08 057 194 A contains, in addition to a heater and a cooler, both of which belong to a thermoelectrically operable heat pump device, in their first duct system the cooler upstream additional heat exchanger for cooling the air flow discharged from the laundry and an additional heating device downstream of the heater for further heating of the air flow before the loading of the laundry.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Eigenschaften des Peltier-Moduls im laufenden Betrieb des Hausgeräts auf möglichst einfache Weise im Hinblick auf eine Verbesserung des E- nergiemanagements des Hausgeräts nutzbar zu machen.It is an object of the invention to make the properties of the Peltier module during ongoing operation of the domestic appliance in the simplest possible way with a view to improving the energy management of the domestic appliance usable.
Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Schaltungsanordnung oder ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des entsprechenden unabhängigen Patentanspruchs gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstände abhängiger Patentansprüche.The object is achieved by a circuit arrangement or a method having the features of the corresponding independent patent claim. Preferred embodiments are subject matter dependent claims.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung ist zum Betreiben eines Peltier-Moduls einer Wärmepumpe eines Hausgeräts ausgebildet, welches insbesondere zur Pflege von Wäschestücken ausgebildet ist. Dabei umfasst das Peltier-Modul eine Mehrzahl an Peltier-Elementen. Die Schaltungsanordnung umfasst einen Schaltregler und einen Zwischenkreis, welcher einen Energiespeicher aufweist und mit dem Schaltregler verbunden ist, wobei abhängig vom Betriebszustand des Peltier-Moduls eine vom Peltier-Modul erzeugte Energie in den Energiespeicher zur bedarfsabhängigen weiteren Verwendung in dem Hausgerät speicherbar ist. Dadurch kann das Energiemanagement des Hausgeräts verbessert und eine Rekuperation elektrischer Energie durchgeführt werden.A circuit arrangement according to the invention is designed for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, which is designed in particular for the care of laundry items. In this case, the Peltier module comprises a plurality of Peltier elements. The circuit arrangement comprises a switching regulator and an intermediate circuit which has an energy store and is connected to the switching regulator, wherein, depending on the operating state of the Peltier module, an energy generated by the Peltier module can be stored in the energy store for demand-dependent further use in the household appliance. As a result, the energy management of the domestic appliance can be improved and a recuperation of electrical energy can be carried out.
Vorzugsweise weist das Peltier-Modul einen ersten Betriebszustand auf, in dem es zur Energieversorgung mit einer Netzspannung gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten Betriebszustand, in dem es von der Netzspannung entkoppelt ist. Im zweiten Betriebszustand ist die Energie bevorzugt in den Energiespeicher einspeicherbar.Preferably, the Peltier module has a first operating state, in which it is coupled to the power supply with a mains voltage, and a second operating state, in which it is decoupled from the mains voltage. In the second operating state, the energy can preferably be stored in the energy store.
In bevorzugter Ausführung ist die in dem Energiespeicher gespeicherte Energie an das Peltier-Modul zumindest anteilig rückführbar und/oder an zumindest einen weiteren Verbraucher des Hausgeräts zur Energieversorgung abgebbar und/oder in das Energieversorgungsnetz rückführbar. Dadurch kann eine vielfältige Bereitstellung der gespeicherten Energie ermöglicht und die gespeicherte Energie bedarfs- und/oder situationsabhängig abgegeben werden.In a preferred embodiment, the energy stored in the energy store is at least partially traceable to the Peltier module and / or can be delivered to at least one further consumer of the household appliance for supplying energy and / or can be traced back to the energy supply network. As a result, a diverse provision of the stored energy allows and the stored energy can be delivered depending on demand and / or situation dependent.
Die Schaltungsanordnung umfasst in bevorzugter Weise eine Synchronisationseinheit, welche zur Synchronisation der lastseitigen Ausgangsspannung mit der Frequenz der Netzspannung ausgebildet ist. Dadurch kann eine aktive Power-Faktor-Korrektur erreicht werden.The circuit arrangement preferably comprises a synchronization unit which is designed to synchronize the load-side output voltage with the frequency of the mains voltage. As a result, an active power factor correction can be achieved.
Die Schaltungsanordnung umfasst vorzugsweise Mittel, mit welchen in einer ersten Betriebsphase des Peltier-Moduls zumindest ein erster Betriebsparameter des Peltier- Moduls und in einer zweiten Betriebsphase zumindest ein zweiter Betriebsparameter des Peltier-Moduls erfassbar sind, wobei abhängig von den erfassten Betriebsparametern die weitere Betriebsweise des Peltier-Moduls steuerbar ist. Werte von Betriebsparametern des Peltier-Moduls können dadurch einfach erfasst und für einen optimierten Steuerungsvorgang des Trocknungsprozesses verwendet werden. Bevorzugt wird hierbei die elektrische Leistungsaufnahme des Peltier-Moduls nach dem Ankoppeln an die Energieversorgung erfasst. Des Weiteren werden Temperaturen der Warm- und Kaltseite des Peltier- Moduls in einer zweiten Betriebsphase, in der das Peltier-Modul von der Energieversorgung getrennt ist, erfasst und aus den Temperaturen und der Leistungsaufnahme Feuchtegrade der Wäschestücke ermittelt.The circuit arrangement preferably comprises means with which in a first operating phase of the Peltier module at least a first operating parameter of the Peltier module and in a second operating phase at least a second operating parameter of the Peltier module can be detected, depending on the detected operating parameters, the further operation of the Peltier module is controllable. Values of operating parameters of the Peltier module can thus be easily detected and used for an optimized control process of the drying process. Preferably, the electrical power consumption of the Peltier module is detected after coupling to the power supply. Furthermore, temperatures of the hot and cold sides of the Peltier module in a second operating phase, in which the Peltier module is disconnected from the power supply, are detected and determined from the temperatures and the power consumption moisture content of the laundry items.
Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Peltier-Moduls einer Wärmepumpe eines Hausgeräts, welches insbesondere zur Pflege von Wäschestücken ausgebildet ist, bei dem das Peltier-Modul eine Mehrzahl an Peltier-Elementen umfasst, wird abhängig vom Betriebszustand des Peltier-Moduls eine vom Peltier-Modul erzeugte Energie in einen Energiespeicher eines Zwischenkreises einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben des Peltier-Moduls gespeichert und zur bedarfsabhängigen weiteren Verwendung in dem Hausgerät bereitgestellt. Dies ermöglicht eine effektivere und effizientere Betriebsweise des Hausgeräts.In a method according to the invention for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, which is designed in particular for the care of laundry items, in which the Peltier module comprises a plurality of Peltier elements, depending on the operating state of the Peltier module one of Peltier Module generated energy in an energy storage of an intermediate circuit of a circuit arrangement for Operating the Peltier module stored and provided for demand-dependent further use in the household appliance. This allows a more effective and efficient operation of the domestic appliance.
Vorzugsweise wird das Peltier-Modul zeitweise von einer Energieversorgung entkoppelt und dann die vom Peltier-Modul erzeugte Energie in dem Energiespeicher gespeichert. Die in dem Energiespeicher gespeicherte Energie wird bevorzugt im weiteren Betrieb des Peltier-Moduls bedarfsabhängig zumindest anteilig wieder an das Peltier-Modul rückgeführt und/oder an zumindest einen weiteren Verbraucher des Hausgeräts zur Energieversorgung abgegeben und/oder in das Energieversorgungsnetz rückgeführt.Preferably, the Peltier module is temporarily decoupled from a power supply and then stored the energy generated by the Peltier module in the energy storage. The stored energy in the energy storage is preferably at least partially returned to the Peltier module in further operation of the Peltier module depending on demand and / or delivered to at least one other consumer of the household appliance for power and / or returned to the power grid.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung entsprechen auch vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.Advantageous embodiments of the circuit arrangement according to the invention also correspond to advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der schematischen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Schaltungsanordnung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement according to a first embodiment;
Fig. 2 eine Schaltungsanordnung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel; und2 shows a circuit arrangement according to a second embodiment; and
Fig. 3 eine Schaltungsanordnung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 3 shows a circuit arrangement according to a third embodiment.
In der Fig. 1 ist schematisch ein Peltier-Modul 1 veranschaulicht, welches zur Verwendung in einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe für einen Wäschetrockner dient. Das Peltier-Modul 1 umfasst elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete Peltier-Elemente 2. Vorliegend sind beispielhaft zwölf Peltier-Elemente 2 gezeigt, das Peltier-Modul 1 ist jedoch nicht auf diese Zahl festgelegt. Die Anzahl der Peltier-Elemente 2 und deren Betriebswerte sind gemeinsam so ausgelegt, dass die Reihenanordnung der Peltier-Elemente 2 mit einer Spannung betrieben werden kann, die sich bei Gleichrichtung der Netzspannung ergibt. Es ist auch ein Peltier-Modul 1 mit mehr als einer hier gezeigten Reihenanordnung möglich, wobei die einzelnen Reihenanordnungen üblicherweise parallel zueinander angeordnet werden. Es versteht sich, dass auch ein Peltier-Modul 1 zum Betrieb mit einer anderen Spannung als der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung, sei es eine Spannung höher oder niedriger als die gleichgerichtete Netzspannung, bei gegebenenfalls entsprechend angepasster Schaltungsanordnung zum Einsatz kommen kann.FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a Peltier module 1 which is intended for use in a Peltier heat pump for a tumble dryer. The Peltier module 1 comprises Peltier elements 2 connected electrically in series. In the present example, twelve Peltier elements 2 are shown, but the Peltier module 1 is not fixed to this number. The number of Peltier elements 2 and their operating values are jointly designed so that the series arrangement of the Peltier elements 2 can be operated with a voltage which results when the mains voltage is rectified. A Peltier module 1 with more than one series arrangement shown here is also possible, wherein the individual row arrangements are usually arranged parallel to one another. It is understood that also a Peltier module 1 is for operation with a voltage other than the rectified mains voltage, be it a voltage higher or lower than that rectified mains voltage can be used in optionally adapted according to the circuit arrangement.
Zur Erzeugung der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung wird zunächst diese gemäß üblicher Praxis mit 120 V oder 230 V Wechselspannung (120 VAC / 230 VAC) bereitgestellt, wobei hier schematisch die Anschlüsse L und N gezeigt sind. Die Wechselspannung wird von einem Netzgleichrichter 3 gleichgerichtet, der einen herkömmlichen Aufbau aufweist. Zur Stabilisierung der gleichgerichteten Spannung ist ein Kondensator 5a als Puffer parallel zu den gleichstromseitigen Anschlüssen des Netzgleichrichters 3 geschaltet. Zur Begrenzung des netzseitigen Kondensatorladestroms ist dem Kondensator 5a des Schaltungsteils 5 ein strombegrenzendes Element 4a, beispielsweise ein NTC-Widerstand, in einem Schaltungsteil 4 vorgeschaltet. Das strombegrenzende Element 4a wird nach dem Ladevorgang über einen Schalter 4b, beispielsweise ein Relais, überbrückt.To generate the rectified mains voltage, this is first provided in accordance with standard practice with 120 V or 230 V AC voltage (120 VAC / 230 VAC), wherein the connections L and N are shown schematically here. The AC voltage is rectified by a mains rectifier 3, which has a conventional construction. To stabilize the rectified voltage, a capacitor 5a is connected as a buffer in parallel to the DC-side terminals of the mains rectifier 3. In order to limit the network-side capacitor charging current, the capacitor 5a of the circuit part 5 is preceded by a current-limiting element 4a, for example an NTC resistor, in a circuit part 4. The current-limiting element 4a is bridged after the charging process via a switch 4b, for example a relay.
In dem Schaltungsteil 5 können eine Netzstrommessung und eine Netzspannungsmessung erfolgen, wobei der Schaltungsteil 5 mit einem Schaltregler 6 elektrisch verbunden ist und die Messwerte an den Schaltregler 6 zum Auswerten und weiteren Verarbeiten übertragbar sind. Der Schaltregler 6 kann als Mikroprozessor ausgebildet sein.In the circuit part 5, a mains current measurement and a mains voltage measurement can take place, wherein the circuit part 5 is electrically connected to a switching regulator 6 and the measured values are transferable to the switching regulator 6 for evaluating and further processing. The switching regulator 6 can be designed as a microprocessor.
Der Schaltregler 6 ist darüber hinaus mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle 7, über welche Sollwerte verschiedener Parameter übertragbar sind, elektrisch verbunden. Der Schaltregler 6 ist zur Kommunikation mit einer externen Steuer- und/oder Kontrolleinheit über die Schnittstelle 7 ausgebildet.The switching regulator 6 is also electrically connected to a communication interface 7, via which nominal values of various parameters can be transmitted. The switching regulator 6 is designed to communicate with an external control and / or control unit via the interface 7.
Darüber hinaus ist der Schaltregler 6 mit einem weiteren Schaltungsteil 8 verbunden. Der Schaltungsteil 8 weist eine Treibereinheit 8a und Transistoren T1 , T2, T3 und T4 sowie Dioden D1 , D2, D3 und D4 auf.In addition, the switching regulator 6 is connected to a further circuit part 8. The circuit part 8 has a driver unit 8a and transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 and diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4.
Die Ansteuerelektronik umfasst somit einen Hochsetzsteller (Transistoren T1 und T4, Diode D3 und Energiespeicher 9) und einen Tiefsetzsteller (Transistor T1 , Dioden D2 und D3, Energiespeicher 9) in Richtung der Lastseite und einen Hochsetzsteller (Transistoren T2 und T3, Diode D1 und Energiespeicher 9) sowie einen Tiefsetzsteller (Transistor T3, Dioden D1 und D4, Energiespeicher 9) in Richtung des Zwischenkreises. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Schaltungsanordnung einen Schaltungsteil 10, welcher zur Messung der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme und insbesondere der Strommessung und der Spannungsmessung des Peltier-Moduls 1 ausgebildet ist. Der Schaltungsteil 10 ist mit einem Strom- und Spannungsmesswandler 1 1 elektrisch verbunden, welcher wiederum mit dem Schaltregler 6 elektrisch verbunden ist.The drive electronics thus comprises a boost converter (transistors T1 and T4, diode D3 and energy storage 9) and a buck converter (transistor T1, diodes D2 and D3, energy storage 9) in the direction of the load side and a boost converter (transistors T2 and T3, diode D1 and energy storage 9) and a buck converter (transistor T3, diodes D1 and D4, energy storage 9) in the direction of the DC link. In addition, the circuit arrangement comprises a circuit part 10, which is designed for measuring the electrical power consumption and in particular the current measurement and the voltage measurement of the Peltier module 1. The circuit part 10 is electrically connected to a current and voltage transducer 1 1, which in turn is electrically connected to the switching regulator 6.
Des Weiteren umfasst die Schaltungsanordnung zwei Umschalter 12, welche als Relais ausgebildet sein können. Mit Hilfe der Umschalter 12 kann die gleichgerichtete Netzspannung von dem Peltier-Modul 1 getrennt und das Peltier-Modul 1 an eine Innenraumbeleuchtung 14 des Wäschetrockners geschaltet werden. Für die Innenraumbeleuchtung 14 sind hier schematisch vier Leuchtdioden und ein zusätzlicher, zu den Leuchtdioden in Reihe geschalteter Widerstand veranschaulicht. Anstelle der Innenraumbeleuchtung 14 können die Umschalter 12 auch eine Umschaltung zu einem anderen Verbraucher, zum Beispiel einem weiteren Sensor, einer weiteren Messeinrichtung oder Steuerung, einem Anzeigeelement oder dergleichen, allein oder in Kombination mit einem anderen Verbraucher, bewirken. Bevorzugt und zweckmäßig ist eine derartige Messeinrichtung in die Hauptsteuerung umfassend den Schaltregler 6 des Wäschetrockners integriert. Die Umschalter 12 werden durch den Schaltregler 6 geschaltet.Furthermore, the circuit arrangement comprises two switches 12, which can be designed as relays. With the help of the switch 12, the rectified mains voltage can be separated from the Peltier module 1 and the Peltier module 1 can be switched to an interior lighting 14 of the clothes dryer. For the interior lighting 14, four light-emitting diodes and an additional resistor connected in series with the light-emitting diodes are schematically illustrated here. Instead of the interior lighting 14, the switch 12 can also switch to another consumer, for example a further sensor, another measuring device or controller, a display element or the like, alone or in combination with another consumer effect. Preferably, such a measuring device is integrated into the main control comprising the switching regulator 6 of the tumble dryer. The switches 12 are switched by the switching regulator 6.
Am Peltier-Modul 1 ist ein PTC-Widerstand 13 als Temperatursensor 13 angeordnet. Abhängig von den von diesem Temperatursensor 13 detektierten Messwerten kann ein wechselstromseitiger Schalter 15 betätigt werden, wodurch abhängig von der Schalterstellung das gesamte Peltier-Modul 1 ausgeschaltet werden kann.At the Peltier module 1, a PTC resistor 13 is arranged as a temperature sensor 13. Depending on the measured values detected by this temperature sensor 13, an alternating current-side switch 15 can be actuated, as a result of which the entire Peltier module 1 can be switched off depending on the switch position.
Des Weiteren ist am Peltier-Modul 1 ein NTC-Widerstand 16 angeordnet, welcher ebenfalls zur Temperaturermittlung ausgebildet ist und die detektierten Messwerte an den Schaltregler 6 überträgt.Furthermore, an NTC resistor 16 is arranged on the Peltier module 1, which is likewise designed for temperature determination and transmits the detected measured values to the switching regulator 6.
Soll nun in dem Wäschetrockner ein Trocknungsprozess durchgeführt werden und sollen Wäschestücke, welche in den Wäschetrockner eingebracht sind, getrocknet werden, so wird zunächst eine erste Betriebsphase des Wäschetrockners eingestellt, in welcher das Peltier-Modul 1 einer Wärmepumpe des Wäschetrockners mit Energie versorgt wird. Dazu ist das Peltier-Modul 1 mit der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung verbunden, wozu die Umschalter 12 entsprechend geschaltet sind. Zum Ermitteln charakteristischer Parameter und Größen für den Trocknungsprozess der Wäschestücke wird nachfolgend zu vorgebbaren Phasen des Trocknungsprozesses eine zweite Betriebsphase eingestellt, wozu das Peltier-Modul 1 von der Energieversorgung getrennt wird, indem die Umschalter 12 entsprechend geschaltet werden. In dieser zweiten Betriebsphase werden die Temperaturen einer Kaltseite und einer Warmseite des Peltier-Moduls 1 bestimmt. Dazu werden die nach der Trennung von der Energieversorgung vom Peltier-Modul 1 erzeugte Thermospannung gemessen und aus dieser die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Kaltseite und der Warmseite des Peltier-Moduls 1 in dem Schaltregler 6 ermittelt. Des Weiteren wird über den NTC-Widerstand 16 eine örtliche Temperatur des Peltier-Moduls 1 bestimmt, welche vorliegend die Temperatur der Warmseite des Peltier-Moduls 1 darstellt.If a drying process is now to be carried out in the tumble dryer and items of laundry which are introduced into the tumble dryer are to be dried, a first phase of operation of the tumble dryer is first set, in which the Peltier module 1 of a heat pump of the tumble dryer is supplied with energy. For this purpose, the Peltier module 1 is connected to the rectified mains voltage, to which the switches 12 are connected accordingly. In order to determine characteristic parameters and variables for the drying process of the laundry items, a second operating phase is subsequently set for predefinable phases of the drying process, for which purpose the Peltier module 1 is disconnected from the energy supply by the changeover switches 12 being switched accordingly. In this second operating phase, the temperatures of a cold side and a warm side of the Peltier module 1 are determined. For this purpose, the thermoelectric voltage generated by the separation of the power supply from the Peltier module 1 are measured and determined from this, the temperature difference between the cold side and the warm side of the Peltier module 1 in the switching regulator 6. Furthermore, a local temperature of the Peltier module 1 is determined via the NTC resistor 16, which in the present case represents the temperature of the hot side of the Peltier module 1.
Aus der bestimmten Temperaturdifferenz und der örtlichen Temperatur wird dann die örtliche Temperatur der Kaltseite des Peltier-Moduls 1 berechnet.From the determined temperature difference and the local temperature, the local temperature of the cold side of the Peltier module 1 is then calculated.
Nachdem diese Temperaturwerte ermittelt sind, wird das Peltier-Modul 1 wieder mit der Energieversorgung verbunden, indem die Umschalter 12 entsprechend geschaltet werden, und dadurch wird wieder die erste Betriebsphase des Wäschetrockners und des Peltier-Moduls 1 eingestellt. In dieser wiedereingestellten ersten Betriebsphase wird dann die Leistungsaufnahme des Peltier-Moduls 1 nach dem Verbinden von diesem mit der Energieversorgung bis zum Einstellen eines Soll-Arbeitspunkts des Peltier-Moduls 1 gemessen. Mit den Informationen über die gemessene Leistungsaufnahme und die gemessenen und ermittelten Temperaturen an der Warmseite und der Kaltseite des Peltier-Moduls 1 kann in dem Schaltregler 6 eine während des bisher fortgeschrittenen Trocknungsprozesses bereits aus den Wäschestücken auskondensierte Feuchte bestimmt werden. In dem Schaltregler 6 sind dazu Kennlinien und/oder Berechnungsmodelle abgelegt, welche eine Ermittlung dieser auskondensierten Feuchte ermöglichen. Aus dieser auskondensierten Feuchte kann dann ebenfalls in der Steuereinheit 6 die in den Wäschestücken noch verbliebene Feuchte bestimmt werden. Des Weiteren sind in dieser Steuereinheit 6 Referenz-Feuchten in Abhängigkeit von der momentanen Phase eines Trocknungsprozesses abgelegt. Die ermittelte verbliebene Feuchte in den Wäschestücke wird dann mit der Referenz-Feuchte verglichen, wobei die Referenz-Feuchte die in den Wäschestücken verbliebene Feuchte charakterisiert, welche zu dem momentanen Zeitpunkt der erreichten Phase des Trocknungsprozesses erreicht sein sollte. Abhängig von dem Vergleich wird der weitere Trocknungsprozess gesteuert.After these temperature values are determined, the Peltier module 1 is again connected to the power supply by the switches 12 are switched accordingly, and thereby the first operating phase of the clothes dryer and the Peltier module 1 is set again. In this re-set first phase of operation, the power consumption of the Peltier module 1 is then measured after connecting it to the power supply until setting a desired operating point of the Peltier module 1. With the information about the measured power consumption and the measured and determined temperatures on the hot side and the cold side of the Peltier module 1 can be determined in the switching regulator 6 during the previously advanced drying process condensed out of the laundry moisture. In the switching regulator 6 characteristic curves and / or calculation models are stored, which allow a determination of this condensed moisture. From this condensed moisture can then also be determined in the control unit 6, the remaining moisture in the laundry. Furthermore, 6 reference humidities are stored as a function of the instantaneous phase of a drying process in this control unit. The determined remaining moisture in the items of laundry is then compared with the reference humidity, wherein the reference humidity characterizes the remaining moisture in the laundry, which reached at the current time of the Phase of the drying process should be achieved. Depending on the comparison, the further drying process is controlled.
Des Weiteren ist mit der bereits erwähnten Hoch- und Tiefsetzstellerausführung des Schaltungsteils 8 eine Energiespeicherung in dem Energiespeicher 9 von Energie des Peltier-Moduls 1 möglich, wenn dieses von der Energieversorgung gemäß der zweiten Betriebsphase entkoppelt ist.Furthermore, energy storage in the energy store 9 of energy of the Peltier module 1 is possible with the already mentioned boost and buck converter design of the circuit part 8, if this is decoupled from the power supply according to the second operating phase.
Mit der Ansteuerung des Transistors T3 erreicht man eine Tiefsetzstellerfunktion in Richtung des Zwischenkreises zur Energiespeicherung in dem Energiespeicher 9 und der Funktion der Diode D3. Dabei sind die Transistoren T1 , T2 und T4 nicht eingeschaltet. Des Weiteren erreicht man mit der Ansteuerung des Transistors T1 eine Tiefsetzstellerfunktion in Richtung Verbraucherseite mit dem als Drossel ausgebildeten Energiespeicher 9 und der Diode D3. Dabei sind die Transistoren T2, T3 und T4 nicht eingeschaltet.With the control of the transistor T3 to reach a buck converter function in the direction of the intermediate circuit for energy storage in the energy storage 9 and the function of the diode D3. In this case, the transistors T1, T2 and T4 are not turned on. Furthermore, with the activation of the transistor T1, a buck converter function in the direction of the consumer side with the energy store 9 designed as a choke and the diode D3 is achieved. In this case, the transistors T2, T3 and T4 are not turned on.
Die in dem Energiespeicher 9 gespeicherte Energie kann im weiteren Betrieb des Hausgeräts zumindest anteilig wieder an das Peltier-Modul 1 zurückgeführt werden. Ebenso kann die Energie des Energiespeichers 9 auch an weitere Verbraucher des Hausgeräts, beispielsweise an Sensoren, Steuerungen, Anzeigemodule und auch an die Innenraumbeleuchtung 14 abgegeben werden. Auch die Rückführung der in dem Energiespeicher 9 gespeicherten Energie ins Netz kann vorgesehen sein.The stored energy in the energy storage 9 can be at least partially returned to the Peltier module 1 in the further operation of the domestic appliance. Likewise, the energy of the energy storage device 9 can also be delivered to other consumers of the household appliance, for example to sensors, controllers, display modules and also to the interior lighting 14. The return of the stored energy in the energy storage 9 into the network can be provided.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schaltungsanordnung ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt. Auch diese Schaltung ist dazu geeignet, die oben erläuterten Parameter zu messen und auszuwerten und eine Steuerung des Peltier-Moduls 1 davon abhängig im Hinblick auf einen optimierten Trocknungsprozess durchzuführen.Another embodiment of a circuit arrangement is shown in FIG. This circuit is also suitable for measuring and evaluating the parameters explained above and for carrying out a control of the Peltier module 1 depending on an optimized drying process.
In der Ausführung der Schaltungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 2 kann die Energiespeicherung der in der zweiten Betriebsphase vom Peltier-Modul abgegebenen Energie in einem E- nergiespeicher erfolgen, welcher als Kondensator 5a in dem Zwischenkreis angeordnet ist. Der Schaltregler bzw. die Einheit 6 speist bzw. speichert die Energie dabei im netzsei- tigen Zwischenkreiskondensator 5a mittels der Schaltelemente T2, D1 und der Speicherdrossel 19 und gibt die Ist-Werte bedarfsabhängig über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle 7 aus. Im Unterschied zur Ausgestaltung gemäß Fig. 1 weist diese Schaltung einen Schaltungsteil 17 auf, welcher die Transistoren T1 und T2 sowie die Rücklaufdioden D1 und D2 und eine Treibereinheit 17a umfasst. Der Strom- und Spannungsmesswandler 1 1 ist in dieser Ausgestaltung dem Schaltungsteil 10 zugeordnet. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Schaltungsanordnung zwei Speicherdrosseln 18 und 19. Wie auch in der Schaltungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 1 wird hier zur Erfüllung der gesetzlichen Vorschriften hinsichtlich zur Netzrückwirkung (Power-Faktor-Korrektur) eine Synchronisation der Schaltfrequenz des Schaltreglers 6 oder eine Pulsweitenmodulation des Ausgangssignals des Schaltreglers 6 auf die Netzfrequenz durchgeführt. Dadurch kann eine sinusförmige Netzstromaufnahme erfolgen. Der Schaltregler 6 steuert die Schaltungsanordnung in der zweiten Betriebsphase, in der das Peltier-Modul 1 von der Energieversorgung abgetrennt ist, derart, dass die aufgrund des Seebeck-Effekts in dem Peltier-Modul 1 erzeugte Energie aus dem Peltier- Modul 1 in den Zwischenkreis der Schaltungsanordnung und insbesondere in den Zwi- schenkreiskondensator 5a gespeichert wird. Bedarfsabhängig kann dann diese gespeicherte Energie an weitere Verbraucher und/oder über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle 7 anderweitig abgegeben werden. Insbesondere kann dann auch eine Rückführung dieser gespeicherten Energie in das Peltier-Modul 1 während anderer Betriebsphasen erfolgen. Auch eine Rückführung in das Netz ist möglich.In the embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2, the energy storage of the energy emitted by the Peltier module in the second operating phase can take place in an energy store which is arranged as a capacitor 5a in the intermediate circuit. The switching regulator or the unit 6 feeds or stores the energy in the network-side intermediate circuit capacitor 5a by means of the switching elements T2, D1 and the storage choke 19 and outputs the actual values as required via the communication interface 7. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, this circuit has a circuit part 17 which comprises the transistors T1 and T2 and the flyback diodes D1 and D2 and a driver unit 17a. The current and voltage transducer 1 1 is assigned to the circuit part 10 in this embodiment. In addition, the circuit arrangement comprises two storage chokes 18 and 19. As in the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1, a synchronization of the switching frequency of the switching regulator 6 or a pulse width modulation of the output signal of the Switching controller 6 performed on the mains frequency. As a result, a sinusoidal mains current consumption can take place. The switching regulator 6 controls the circuit arrangement in the second operating phase, in which the Peltier module 1 is disconnected from the power supply, such that the energy generated in the Peltier module 1 due to the Seebeck effect in the Peltier module 1 in the intermediate circuit the circuit arrangement and in particular in the intermediate circuit capacitor 5 a is stored. Depending on demand, this stored energy can then be given to other consumers and / or via the communication interface 7 elsewhere. In particular, a return of this stored energy into the Peltier module 1 can then take place during other operating phases. Also a return to the net is possible.
In Fig. 3 ist das Peltier-Modul 1 zur Energieversorgung mit einer Gleichspannung aus einem Bereich zwischen 40 V und etwa 23 V verdrahtet, so dass die Ansteuerelektronik unter anderem zwei Schaltungsmodule I und Il umfasst. Das Schaltungsmodul I wird so angesteuert, dass mit den Drosseln 21 und 22 eine Hochsetzerfunktion in Richtung der Lastseite bei über den Schalter S1 , welcher als Relais ausgebildet ist, kurz geschlossenen Diode D5 realisiert ist. Gemäß Fig. 3 umfasst die Schaltungsanordnung auch eine Synchronisationseinheit 20, welche zur Synchronisation der lastseitigen Ausgangsspannung mit der Frequenz der Netzspannung ausgebildet ist. Eine Hochsetzstellerfunktion in Richtung des Zwischenkreises zur Speicherung der von dem Peltier-Modul 1 in der zweiten Betriebsphase abgegebenen Energie in dem Energiespeicher 9', welcher als Kondensator ausgebildet ist, wird bei geöffnetem Schalter S1 mit der Diode D5 und dem entsprechend angesteuerten Transistor T5 ermöglicht. Die in dem Energiespeicher 9' gespeicherte Energie kann mit Hilfe der in Netzsynchronisation gesteuerten Transistoren des Schaltungsmoduls I wieder ins Netz zurückgespeist werden. Auch hier kann jedoch eine zu- mindest anteilige Rückführung dieser in dem Energiespeicher 9' gespeicherten Energie an das Peltier-Modul 1 und/oder an weitere Verbraucher des Hausgeräts erfolgen. Darüber hinaus werden bei der Ausgestaltung gemäß Fig. 3 die vom Temperatursensor 13 gemessenen Werte an eine Relaisansteuervorrichtung 23 übertragen, über welche der Schalter 15 steuerbar ist.In Fig. 3, the Peltier module 1 is wired to the power supply with a DC voltage from a range between 40 V and about 23 V, so that the control electronics includes, inter alia, two circuit modules I and II. The circuit module I is controlled so that with the chokes 21 and 22 is a Hochsetzerfunktion in the direction of the load side in over the switch S1, which is designed as a relay, short-circuited diode D5 is realized. According to FIG. 3, the circuit arrangement also comprises a synchronization unit 20, which is designed to synchronize the load-side output voltage with the frequency of the mains voltage. A boost converter function in the direction of the intermediate circuit for storing the energy delivered by the Peltier module 1 in the second operating phase in the energy store 9 ', which is designed as a capacitor, is made possible with the switch D S1 open and the correspondingly driven transistor T 5. The stored in the energy storage 9 'energy can be fed back into the network using the controlled in network synchronization transistors of the circuit module I back. However, here too, an additional at least a proportionate return of this energy stored in the energy storage 9 'to the Peltier module 1 and / or to other consumers of the domestic appliance. In addition, in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the values measured by the temperature sensor 13 are transmitted to a relay drive device 23, via which the switch 15 can be controlled.
Das Hausgerät kann auch als Geschirrspüler mit einer Wärmepumpe und mit einer soeben beschriebenen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben des Peltier-Moduls der Wärmepumpe ausgebildet sein. The domestic appliance can also be designed as a dishwasher with a heat pump and with a circuit arrangement just described for operating the Peltier module of the heat pump.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines Peltier-Moduls (1 ) einer Wärmepumpe eines Hausgeräts, welches insbesondere zur Pflege von Wäschestücken ausgebildet ist, mit einer Mehrzahl an Peltier-Elementen (2), gekennzeichnet durch einen Schaltregler (6) und einen Zwischenkreis, welcher einen Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') aufweist und mit dem Schaltregler (6) verbunden ist, wobei abhängig vom Betriebszustand des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) eine vom Peltier-Modul (1 ) erzeugte Energie in den E- nergiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') zur bedarfsabhängigen weitere Verwendung in dem Hausgerät speicherbar ist.1 . Circuit arrangement for operating a Peltier module (1) of a heat pump of a domestic appliance, which is designed in particular for the care of laundry items, with a plurality of Peltier elements (2), characterized by a switching regulator (6) and an intermediate circuit which an energy storage ( 5a, 9, 9 ') and is connected to the switching regulator (6), wherein depending on the operating state of the Peltier module (1) an energy generated by the Peltier module (1) in the E nergiespeicher (5a, 9, 9 ') for demand-dependent further use in the household appliance can be stored.
2. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 , bei welcher das Peltier-Modul (1 ) einen ersten Betriebszustand aufweist, in dem es zur Energieversorgung mit einer Netzspannung gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten Betriebszustand aufweist, in dem es von der Netzspannung entkoppelt ist.2. A circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the Peltier module (1) has a first operating state in which it is coupled to the power supply to a mains voltage, and has a second operating state in which it is decoupled from the mains voltage.
3. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2, bei welcher im zweiten Betriebszustand die Energie in den Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') speicherbar ist.3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, wherein in the second operating state, the energy in the energy storage device (5a, 9, 9 ') can be stored.
4. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die in dem Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') gespeicherte Energie an das Peltier-Modul (1 ) zumindest anteilig rückführbar und/oder an zumindest einen weiteren Verbraucher (14) des Hausgeräts zur Energieversorgung abgebbar und/oder in das Energieversorgungsnetz rückführbar ist.4. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy stored in the energy store (5a, 9, 9 ') to the Peltier module (1) at least partially traceable and / or at least one further consumer (14) of the domestic appliance Power supply available and / or traceable to the power grid.
5. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, welche eine Synchronisationseinheit (20) aufweist, welche zur Synchronisation der lastseitigen Ausgangsspannung mit der Frequenz der Netzspannung ausgebildet ist.5. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, which has a synchronization unit (20) which is designed to synchronize the load-side output voltage with the frequency of the mains voltage.
6. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, welche Mittel umfasst, mit welchen in einer ersten Betriebsphase des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) zumindest ein erster Betriebsparameter des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) und in einer zweiten Betriebsphase zumindest ein zweiter Betriebsparameter des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) erfassbar sind, wobei abhängig von den erfassten Betriebsparametern die weitere Betriebsweise des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) steuerbar ist.6. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises means with which in a first operating phase of the Peltier module (1) at least a first operating parameter of the Peltier module (1) and in a second operating phase at least a second operating parameter of the Peltier module (1) detectable are, depending on the detected operating parameters, the further operation of the Peltier module (1) is controllable.
7. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Peltier-Moduls (1 ) einer Wärmepumpe eines Hausgeräts, welches insbesondere zur Pflege von Wäschestücken ausgebildet ist, bei dem das Peltier-Modul (1 ) eine Mehrzahl an Peltier-Elementen (2) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass abhängig vom Betriebszustand des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) eine vom Peltier-Modul (1 ) erzeugte Energie in einen Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') eines Zwischenkreises einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) zur bedarfsabhängigen weiteren Verwendung in dem Hausgerät gespeichert wird.7. A method for operating a Peltier module (1) of a heat pump of a household appliance, which is designed in particular for the care of laundry, wherein the Peltier module (1) comprises a plurality of Peltier elements (2), characterized in that depending on the operating state of the Peltier module (1) an energy generated by the Peltier module (1) in an energy store (5a, 9, 9 ') of an intermediate circuit of a circuit arrangement for operating the Peltier module (1) for demand-dependent further use in the Household appliance is stored.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem das Peltier-Modul (1 ) von einer Energieversorgung entkoppelt wird und dann die vom Peltier-Modul (1 ) erzeugte Energie in dem Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') gespeichert wird.8. The method of claim 7, wherein the Peltier module (1) is decoupled from a power supply and then the energy generated by the Peltier module (1) in the energy store (5a, 9, 9 ') is stored.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei welchem die in dem Energiespeicher (5a, 9, 9') gespeicherte Energie im weiteren Betrieb des Peltier-Moduls (1 ) bedarfsabhängig zumindest anteilig wieder an das Peltier-Modul (1 ) rückgeführt wird und/oder an zumindest einen weiteren Verbraucher (14) des Hausgeräts zur Energieversorgung abgegeben wird und/oder in das Energieversorgungsnetz rückgeführt wird. 9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the energy stored in the energy store (5a, 9, 9 ') in the further operation of the Peltier module (1) as needed, at least partially returned to the Peltier module (1) and / or is delivered to at least one further consumer (14) of the domestic appliance for supplying energy and / or is returned to the energy supply network.
EP07728220.0A 2006-05-18 2007-04-18 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a peltier module of a heat pump in a domestic appliance Not-in-force EP2024554B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL07728220T PL2024554T3 (en) 2006-05-18 2007-04-18 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a peltier module of a heat pump in a domestic appliance

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102006023452A DE102006023452A1 (en) 2006-05-18 2006-05-18 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a Peltier module of a heat pump of a domestic appliance
PCT/EP2007/053758 WO2007134925A1 (en) 2006-05-18 2007-04-18 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a peltier module of a heat pump in a domestic appliance

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DE102012217975A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Household appliance e.g. washing machine, has transmitter transferring radio signal to control device in wireless manner, and generator with contact surfaces providing electrical power between surfaces based on difference in temperature

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WO2007134925A1 (en) 2007-11-29

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