EP1979540A2 - Hybrid sheet of absorbent paper, and roll of paper made from this sheet - Google Patents

Hybrid sheet of absorbent paper, and roll of paper made from this sheet

Info

Publication number
EP1979540A2
EP1979540A2 EP07717775A EP07717775A EP1979540A2 EP 1979540 A2 EP1979540 A2 EP 1979540A2 EP 07717775 A EP07717775 A EP 07717775A EP 07717775 A EP07717775 A EP 07717775A EP 1979540 A2 EP1979540 A2 EP 1979540A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
protuberances
fold
embossed
ply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07717775A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1979540B1 (en
Inventor
Sébastien Jeannot
Pierre Probst
Pierre Graff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Operations France SAS
Original Assignee
Georgia Pacific France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georgia Pacific France SAS filed Critical Georgia Pacific France SAS
Publication of EP1979540A2 publication Critical patent/EP1979540A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1979540B1 publication Critical patent/EP1979540B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/48—Suction apparatus
    • D21F1/52—Suction boxes without rolls
    • D21F1/523—Covers thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/006—Cutting the edges of the paper-web
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0733—Pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0738—Cross sectional profile of the embossments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0756—Characteristics of the incoming material, e.g. creped, embossed, corrugated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations
    • B31F2201/0787—Applying adhesive

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to absorbent paper products, more particularly cellulose wadding, sanitary or domestic use and aims a sheet consisting of at least two plies, one of which is embossed, intended for the realization of toilet paper essentially, but also handkerchiefs or towels.
  • the present invention relates to paper transformed from a dried paper sheet which has been pre-made in a wet phase on the paper machine.
  • the most widespread embossing patterns consist of a repetition on a geometric frame of elementary protuberances of small cross section and simple geometric shape.
  • An example is described in US Patent 3,414,459 which relates to a sheet with two or three plies, that is to say consisting of a plurality of elementary sheets, called folds, bound or glued together.
  • the plies are embossed with a frequency of distribution of the protuberances and a height of the protuberances adapted to the production of water-absorbing products such as paper towels, the number of elements ranging from 3 to 30 protuberances cm 2 .
  • the embossed folds are associated according to a so-called "tip-tip” process, in which the vertices of the protuberances of one fold face the tops of the protuberances of the other fold.
  • the Applicant has developed, for toilet paper in particular, patterns whose number of elements is greater, ranging from 30 to 100 protuberances per cm 2 . In this case, because of their number, these elements form protuberances of lower height and necessarily have an elementary surface at the top also very low, less than 1 mm 2 . For these last embodiments, an aspect is obtained which mimics that of a woven product.
  • An example has been described in EP 0 426 548 B1. This type of embossing mainly affects the mechanical characteristics of the sheet such as its rigidity and strength.
  • absorbent paper products consist of two plies but obtained according to a different association technique.
  • a fold or a set of two superposed folds is waffled and, on the other hand, a second fold by means of two distinct embossing devices.
  • the first fold and the second fold are embossed in relief patterns consisting of protuberances.
  • the density of patterns necessarily remains low: less than 20 protuberances per cm 2 for this type of product.
  • the two plies are associated by means of a marrying cylinder so that the distal surfaces of the protuberances of the two superimposed folds are disposed opposite the surfaces located between two protuberances in the plane of the second fold. This technique is still called “nested" process.
  • the Applicant has also developed a product consisting of two plies, one embossed, the other unembossed. Each fold has a basis weight of the order of 10 to 40 g / m 2 .
  • One is embossed with relief patterns consisting at least in part of discrete protuberances facing the inside of the sheet and the other is unembossed.
  • the embossed fold has on at least a portion of its surface at least 30 protuberances per cm 2 , the top surface of which is less than 1 mm 2 , preferably less than 0.7 mm 2 .
  • the fibrous and / or chemical composition of the plies may be the same or different.
  • the unembossed ply may have a fibrous composition essentially based on long fibers such as softwood fibers, and the embossed ply a fibrous composition essentially based on short fibers.
  • the non-embossed ply may include a wet-resistant additive, and the embossed ply may include a softening or debonding additive.
  • the sheet thus composed has a very good wet strength and therefore good strength, in particular due to the composition of the non-embossed ply. It also offers a softness of surface by the choice of the fibrous and chemical composition of the embossed fold.
  • the sheet also has remarkably, substantially the same thickness as a double sheet made with two embossed plies in the same way as the embossed ply and assembled in point-to-tip position.
  • a first embossing roll 10 with a rigid coating, has on the surface spikes of a shape adapted to the production of desired protuberances. These pins are generally obtained by etching the cylinder.
  • the process for producing the sheet consists in embossing a first ply of cellulose wadding 20, unwound from a spool, between the embossing roll and a roll 12 made of rubber or other equivalent material, and then assembling it by means of a marrying roll 14 to a ply of non-embossed cellulose wadding 40, also unwound from a mother reel.
  • the marrying roll applies the fold 40 to the first fold 20 while the latter is still in contact with the embossing roll 10.
  • a water-based adhesive substance was applied, where appropriate, to the tops of the highest embossed protuberances.
  • first ply 20 by means of a gluing roll 16.
  • the sheet from the machine is rolled into logs of small diameter corresponding to that of the rolls that will be marketed; then the logs are cut into the said rolls.
  • the embossed fold is the so-called outer fold of the sheet when it is rolled up and the non-embossed fold the so-called inner fold. It is sought thereby to make the embossing visible, preferably.
  • a marrying cylinder whose coating is hard but rubber anyway.
  • This deformation of the surface of the marrying roll leads to a deformation of the sheet at the point where the contact pressure is high, ie the zone of the connecting pins.
  • These protuberances are of low height but it is sufficient for them to be perceived to the touch, providing an unpleasant sensation affecting the softness of the product. This is an undesired side effect.
  • the engraving pattern of the embossing cylinder of FIG. 3 is composed of frustoconical or truncated pyramidal pins, the first ones being aligned and the second ones being surface-filled.
  • the first can be raised by 0.2 mm for example compared to the second.
  • the protuberances formed from these first spikes receive the bonding adhesive of the embossed ply with the non-embossed ply. Due to the pressure of the marrying cylinder exerted on the sheet, the inner ply is deformed by these first protuberances while one would wish smooth.
  • the plies consist of cellulose wadding with different fibrous or chemical compositions
  • CWP Conventional Wet Press
  • This technique consists in forming a sheet by depositing a paste consisting of fibers suspended in water on a forming fabric, draining it, and wringing it by transferring it with pressing to a second fabric. felt, then to apply it to a large diameter drying cylinder from which it is detached after drying by means of a doctor blade.
  • the scraping is performed so as to form a crimp of fine close and regular undulations, imparting volume and elongation to the dried sheet.
  • creping in the case of a sheet with an embossed fold and a non-embossed fold bonded together, the back-side effect can not be avoided.
  • the solution which consists in using a steel marrying cylinder substantially of the same hardness as the embossing cylinder, would be industrially difficult to implement because of differences in geometry between the cylinders that can not be compensated or compensated because of the very hardness of the cylinders. materials. The process would be economically unattractive.
  • the Applicant has set itself the objective of producing such a product that is to say comprising a first and a second ply of cellulose wadding, the first of which is embossed with relief patterns, consisting at least in part first protuberances oriented towards the inside of the sheet, and the second is unembossed, the two plies being bonded by bonding of the first protuberances, which does not have the disadvantage of the prior art.
  • the invention therefore relates to products whose nature of the protuberances of the embossed fold is likely to generate a backside effect.
  • These are protuberances whose cross section in the plane of the fold is truncated cone or pyramid trunk.
  • These protuberances are insulated or arranged side by side along the same line or portion of line, curved or rectilinear, that is to say arranged in a single row.
  • the pattern of Figure 3 is an example.
  • protuberances whose cross section in the plane of the fold is elongated. These protuberances are linear and form lines or portions of continuous line.
  • protuberances are designated by protuberances arranged in a single line.
  • the product according to the invention is characterized in that the first protuberances are arranged in a single line and in that the second non-embossed fold is a fold of the throughdried drying type. having a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm for a basis weight of between 15 and 45 g / m 2 .
  • the thickness is an average measurement made on a stack of
  • a surface probe 10 cm 2 is placed on the folds with a lowering speed of 2 mm / s, and then applies a pressure of 20 g / cm z; after a duration of 5 seconds, the value of the thickness is measured (according to EN 12625-3).
  • a paper of the air-blown dry type which will be referred to as TAD, is in itself known. It differs from CWP type paper by first drying the sheet downstream of its formation and before any compression. This drying is carried out while the still wet sheet rests on a canvas, by hot air directed through it.
  • the TAD fold surprisingly avoids or at least reduces this phenomenon.
  • the thickness of the second fold is between 0.2 and 0.3 mm.
  • said first protuberances cover between 2 and 15% and more particularly between 2 and 10% of the surface of the sheet.
  • the invention is preferably applied to a sheet whose first ply further comprises second protuberances of density between
  • the first protuberances being at a higher level than the second protuberances with respect to the plane of the first ply.
  • the first fold is a fold of the CWP type.
  • the sheet consists of the first and second plies mentioned above.
  • the hybrid sheet will be referred to as a sheet comprising an embossed ply and a non-embossed type TAD ply.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a cellulose wadding processing plant enabling the production of a continuous sheet comprising an embossed fold assembled with an unembossed fold, with an enlarged detail of the surface of the engraved cylinder;
  • Figure 2 shows in section the structure of a two-ply sheet of cellulose wadding produced by the installation of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows an embossing pattern of the embossed fold of the sheet, the pattern comprising only discrete protruding elements in a single line;
  • FIG. 4 represents the internal face of a sheet of the prior art in which the two plies are made of cellulose wadding CWP;
  • FIG. 5 represents the internal face of a hybrid sheet according to the invention
  • Figure 6 shows another embossing pattern of the embossed fold of the sheet, the pattern comprising continuous linear elements along a single line;
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the evolution of the ratio of the area above the threshold, on the ordinate, for each threshold value on the abscissa.
  • the product from the machine illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a first ply of cellulose wadding 20, which has been embossed on the embossing cylinder 10 associated with a second ply of cotton wool.
  • cellulose 40 which has not been embossed.
  • the fold 20 comprises first protuberances 20i and second protuberances 20 2 .
  • the fold 40 is connected to the fold 20 by the protuberances 20-t which correspond to the first pins 10i of the cylinder which are prominent with respect to the second pins IO2. Due to the pressure exerted by the marrying cylinder, given the speed of manufacture imposed by industrial constraints, it can not be avoided that the sheet 40 is deformed to a certain extent.
  • the adjustment of the pressure applied by the marrying cylinder results from a balance.
  • the adhesive applied to the tops of the protrusions 2Oi forms a connection between the two folds 20 and 40 only if a minimum pressure is exerted by the marrying cylinder. Too low a pressure would lead to a leaf with unassociated areas. Too much pressure leads to a leaf having a very pronounced backside effect.
  • the difference between the levels of the vertices of the first and second pins is generally at least 0.2 mm. If a product is produced with an engraved cylinder whose pins are all the same height, this is at least 0.4 mm.
  • This back-up effect springs up when the sheet is rolled up while it is being rolled.
  • a mandrel or a spindle is used which is rotated about its axis. This rotation involves a pull on the sheet and a tightening of the latter on the roll. This results in a pressure of a turn on the underlying turn and the protuberances of the outer fold of the coil support on the inner fold.
  • the underlying coil is flexible, it does not constitute sufficient support for the force of the protuberance on the inner fold, it is deformed producing a relief on the opposite smooth face.
  • the backside effect is springing.
  • the solution of the invention to avoid precisely the deformation during the winding has been to replace the smooth fold CWP type so far, by a fold of the air-drying drying type, TAD.
  • the manufacture of this type of TAD of cellulose wadding is described below.
  • the pulp consisting of fibers suspended in water is deposited in one or more jets on a moving web known as forming the sheet.
  • the sheet is transferred to a fabric having a large porosity and a determined relief.
  • This fabric is driven on drying means by hot air passing through, for example in the form of a cylinder around which the fabric with its sheet is guided. During its passage on the cylinder the sheet is crossed by a mass of hot air which greatly increases its dryness freezing the fibrous structure of the sheet. This structure depends on the imprint left on the sheet by the canvas.
  • a marker fabric is preferably used which comprises a weaving structure with zones of high porosity and areas of low porosity disposed according to a geometric definition determined such that it induces in the sheet a heterogeneous structure having different areas of compacting by the very effect of the air through.
  • Drying can be carried out on a single means of drying by passing air or by step on two means, one after the other.
  • the sheet may retain a certain degree of residual moisture and be applied to a drying cylinder, Yankee type known per se, to complete its drying so as to allow its creping by delamination by means of a scraper blade.
  • Other means than conventional creping are known to impart elongation to the sheet.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of a fold of cellulose wadding dried according to a particular technique of passing air blowing. Any other technique equivalent to the scope of those skilled in the art can be implemented. This manufacturing technique allows the production of sheets whose mass volume is higher than for CWP sheets. At equal weight the sheet is therefore thicker.
  • the fiber composition is a mixture of long fibers of wood pulp, such as softwood and short wood pulp fibers, such as hardwoods.
  • the first embossed fold is a fold CWP.
  • the thickness of such a fold is between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm.
  • FIG. 3 This is a pattern consisting of first protuberances , relatively large and drawing an aesthetic pattern, and second protuberances finer, density of 80 protrusions per cm 2 , forming a filling within the design of the first protuberances.
  • Thickness 1.84 mm for 12 folds.
  • a creped TAD cellulose wadding band with a creping rate of 8 to 10% fibrous composition 50% SWK prime / 50% Eucalyptus,
  • a hybrid sheet according to the invention was made in which the CWP ply was embossed from the CWP strip according to the pattern of FIG. 3 and the non-embossed ply was a TAD fold consisting of the TAD band and a control sheet of which the Embossed ply was identical to that of the sheet according to the invention (ply CWP) and the non-embossed ply consisted of the CWP strip.
  • the operating conditions on the machine of FIG. 1 were the same in both cases. The sheet in both cases was put in rolls of diameters
  • the backside samples are placed facing the 3D analyzer's illumination to study the inner fold of the sheet. Each sample is flattened as best as possible to avoid measuring differences in parasitic heights.
  • the analyzed surface is a rectangle of 20X16 mm. The surface is illuminated by a projection of bright fringes. The fringes are obtained by a light passing through various calibrated grids. The image is acquired by triangulation between the fringe projector, the sheet and the camera. The camera allows you to save images to a computer's memory via the Optocat program.
  • the images are then processed by the Toposurf software.
  • the image is first flattened to compensate for optical distortions due to the lens of the camera and then clipped to remove extreme values (99.9% of the data is retained).
  • a reference image is then obtained. Each pixel of the image is referenced in space and has ribs along the three axes.
  • Reference images are then processed by the 'Morphology / z cuts' function.
  • This function makes it possible to make cross sections perpendicular to the z axis and to calculate with respect to a horizontal plane of altitude z, the surface of the points situated above or below the plane.
  • FIG. 4 shows, for the CWP fold (corresponding to the control sheet), a structure of fine ridges of the crepe. In this area of the image, we can see the traces of the protuberances forming the backside effect. The light pavers are surrounded by darker areas showing the difference in level.
  • TAD corresponding to the hybrid sheet according to the invention
  • the general relief is more marked; it is that of the marker cloth.
  • the images were analyzed using the software mentioned above. Images were cut along the z-axis keeping only the pixels present above a given threshold.
  • the threshold was increased progressively until most of the pixels corresponding to the crepe disappeared. The remaining pixels thus correspond to the upside effect at the first protuberances.
  • a curve has also been plotted for each threshold on the abscissa of the ratio of the area above the threshold to the total area. This curve, referenced A is reported in Figure 7. Knowing that the surface of the first protuberances covers in this example 5 to 8% of the total area, the measured threshold is then 0.05 mm. It remains then a height of 0.05 mm for the protuberances which are at the origin of the effect of back.
  • Curves A and B make it possible to deduce that the hybrid sheet produced according to the invention with an embossed CWP ply and an unembossed TAD ply has a threshold of 0.07 mm, which corresponds to a height of only 0.03 mm for protuberances likely to generate a backside effect. This reduction of 40% of the height of the protuberances is enough to remove the perceived upside effect.
  • Figure 6 there is shown another type of pattern, the first protuberances are not punctual shape but they consist of linear elements.
  • the graph of FIG. 7 shows that the behavior is the same as for the present invention relating to discrete protuberances.
  • the unpleasant perception of the upside-down effect is no longer present on the hybrid sheet according to the invention, in particular after winding the sheet. As a result, the perceived overall sweetness of the product by the consumer is improved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an absorbent paper sheet for sanitary or household use comprising two layers of cellulose fibre, the first layer being embossed with relief patterns consisting at least partly of first projections pointing towards the interior of the sheet, and the second layer not being embossed and being joined to the first layer by bonding of the first projections. The sheet is characterized in that some of the first projections are arranged in a simple line and in that the second layer is a layer of cellulose fibre of the type dried by blow-through drying, with a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm and a grammage of between 15 and 45 g/m<SUP>2</SUP>. The invention applies particularly to the manufacture of rolls from the above sheet.

Description

FEUILLE HYBRIDE DE PAPIER ABSORBANT, ROULEAU DE PAPIER REALISE A PARTIR DE CETTE FEUILLE. HYBRID SHEET OF ABSORBENT PAPER, ROLL OF PAPER MADE FROM SAME.
La présente invention concerne les produits en papier absorbant, plus particulièrement en ouate de cellulose, à usage sanitaire ou domestique et vise une feuille constituée d'au moins deux plis dont l'un est gaufré, destinée à la réalisation de papier toilette essentiellement, mais aussi de mouchoirs ou serviettes.The present invention relates to absorbent paper products, more particularly cellulose wadding, sanitary or domestic use and aims a sheet consisting of at least two plies, one of which is embossed, intended for the realization of toilet paper essentially, but also handkerchiefs or towels.
Dans l'industrie du papier sanitaire et domestique, on utilise, pour la réalisation de ces produits, un papier absorbant généralement crêpé de faible grammage, désigné ouate de cellulose ou tissu ouaté. On profite de la capacité d'allongement de la structure conférée par exemple par le crêpage, pour gaufrer la feuille, c'est-à-dire la déformer par endroits de façon permanente et obtenir des protubérances ou zones en relief sur une face correspondant à des zones en creux sur l'autre face. En conséquence, l'épaisseur de la feuille gaufrée augmente.In the sanitary and domestic paper industry, use is made, for the production of these products, of a generally creped absorbent paper of slight weight, designated cellulose wadding or wadded fabric. It takes advantage of the capacity of elongation of the structure conferred for example by creping, to emboss the sheet, that is to say permanently deform in places and obtain protuberances or zones in relief on a face corresponding to hollow areas on the other side. As a result, the thickness of the embossed sheet increases.
En effet, la tendance de ces dernières années, en ce qui concerne les produits d'hygiène a été de les rendre plus doux, plus moelleux en travaillant leurs caractéristiques d'épaisseur et de résistances, notamment. Par le gaufrage, ce dernier permet en outre d'améliorer l'attrait visuel du produit. La présente invention concerne le papier transformé à partir d'une feuille de papier séchée qui, elle, a été fabriquée au préalable en phase humide sur la machine à papier.Indeed, the trend in recent years, in terms of hygiene products has been to make them softer, softer by working their characteristics of thickness and resistance, among others. By embossing, the latter also makes it possible to improve the visual appeal of the product. The present invention relates to paper transformed from a dried paper sheet which has been pre-made in a wet phase on the paper machine.
Les motifs de gaufrage les plus répandus sont constitués d'une répétition sur une trame géométrique de protubérances élémentaires de faible section transversale et de forme géométrique simple. Un exemple est décrit dans le brevet US 3 414 459 qui porte sur une feuille à deux ou trois plis, c'est à dire constituée d'une pluralité de feuilles élémentaires, appelées plis, liées ou collées ensemble. Les plis sont gaufrés avec une fréquence de répartition des protubérances et une hauteur des protubérances adaptées à la réalisation de produits absorbant l'eau tels que des essuie-tout, le nombre d'éléments allant de 3 à 30 protubérances cm2. Les plis gaufrés sont associés suivant un procédé dit « pointe-pointe », dans lequel les sommets des protubérances d'un pli font face aux sommets des protubérances de l'autre pli.The most widespread embossing patterns consist of a repetition on a geometric frame of elementary protuberances of small cross section and simple geometric shape. An example is described in US Patent 3,414,459 which relates to a sheet with two or three plies, that is to say consisting of a plurality of elementary sheets, called folds, bound or glued together. The plies are embossed with a frequency of distribution of the protuberances and a height of the protuberances adapted to the production of water-absorbing products such as paper towels, the number of elements ranging from 3 to 30 protuberances cm 2 . The embossed folds are associated according to a so-called "tip-tip" process, in which the vertices of the protuberances of one fold face the tops of the protuberances of the other fold.
La Demanderesse a développé, pour du papier toilette notamment, des motifs dont le nombre d'éléments est supérieur, allant de 30 à 100 protubérances par cm2. Dans ce cas, en raison de leur nombre, ces éléments forment des protubérances de hauteur plus faible et ont nécessairement une surface élémentaire au sommet également très faible, inférieure à 1 mm2. On obtient pour ces dernières réalisations un aspect qui imite celui d'un produit tissé. On en a décrit un exemple dans le brevet EP 0 426 548 B1. Ce type de gaufrage affecte principalement les caractéristiques mécaniques de la feuille telles que sa rigidité et sa résistance. Ces motifs permettent de réaliser un bon compromis entre les améliorations souhaitées des caractéristiques lorsque l'on transforme le produit semi-fini en produit fini, et les conditions de fabrication industrielle ; ils permettent, notamment, l'application d'une intensité de gaufrage suffisante. Ils présentent toutefois un attrait visuel limité.The Applicant has developed, for toilet paper in particular, patterns whose number of elements is greater, ranging from 30 to 100 protuberances per cm 2 . In this case, because of their number, these elements form protuberances of lower height and necessarily have an elementary surface at the top also very low, less than 1 mm 2 . For these last embodiments, an aspect is obtained which mimics that of a woven product. An example has been described in EP 0 426 548 B1. This type of embossing mainly affects the mechanical characteristics of the sheet such as its rigidity and strength. These patterns make it possible to achieve a good compromise between the desired improvements in characteristics when converting the semi-finished product into a finished product, and the industrial manufacturing conditions; they allow, in particular, the application of a sufficient embossing intensity. However, they have a limited visual appeal.
D'autres produits en papier absorbant sont constitués de deux plis mais obtenus suivant une technique d'association différente. On gaufre d'une part un pli ou un ensemble de deux plis superposés et d'autre part un deuxième pli au moyen de deux dispositifs distincts de gaufrage. Le premier pli ainsi que le deuxième pli sont gaufrés selon des motifs en relief constitués de protubérances. La densité de motifs reste nécessairement faible : inférieure à 20 protubérances par cm2 pour ce type de produit. En effet les deux plis sont associés au moyen d'un cylindre marieur de telle manière que les surfaces distales des protubérances des deux plis superposés soient disposées en face des surfaces situées entre deux protubérances dans le plan du deuxième pli. Cette technique est encore appelée procédé « nested ». Avec une structure de ce type on cherche à obtenir des produits épais ayant une bonne main. Cependant, surtout pour l'application au papier toilette, la douceur n'est pas optimale en raison du gaufrage relativement grossier. En outre, il est nécessaire de gaufrer fortement les plis pour obtenir l'épaisseur importante souhaitée.Other absorbent paper products consist of two plies but obtained according to a different association technique. On one hand, a fold or a set of two superposed folds is waffled and, on the other hand, a second fold by means of two distinct embossing devices. The first fold and the second fold are embossed in relief patterns consisting of protuberances. The density of patterns necessarily remains low: less than 20 protuberances per cm 2 for this type of product. Indeed the two plies are associated by means of a marrying cylinder so that the distal surfaces of the protuberances of the two superimposed folds are disposed opposite the surfaces located between two protuberances in the plane of the second fold. This technique is still called "nested" process. With a structure of this type one seeks to obtain thick products having a good hand. However, especially for the application to toilet paper, the softness is not optimal because of the relatively coarse embossing. In addition, it is necessary to strongly emboss the folds to obtain the desired large thickness.
La Demanderesse a développé par ailleurs un produit constitué de deux plis, l'un gaufré, l'autre non gaufré. Chaque pli a un grammage de l'ordre de 10 à 40 g/m2. L'un est gaufré avec des motifs en relief consistant au moins en partie de protubérances discrètes orientées vers l'intérieur de la feuille et l'autre est non gaufré. Le pli gaufré présente sur au moins une portion de sa surface au moins 30 protubérances par cm2 dont la surface au sommet est inférieure à 1 mm2 de préférence inférieure à 0,7 mm2.The Applicant has also developed a product consisting of two plies, one embossed, the other unembossed. Each fold has a basis weight of the order of 10 to 40 g / m 2 . One is embossed with relief patterns consisting at least in part of discrete protuberances facing the inside of the sheet and the other is unembossed. The embossed fold has on at least a portion of its surface at least 30 protuberances per cm 2 , the top surface of which is less than 1 mm 2 , preferably less than 0.7 mm 2 .
La composition fibreuse et/ou chimique des plis peut être identique ou différente. Par exemple, le pli non gaufré peut avoir une composition fibreuse essentiellement à base de fibres longues telles que des fibres de résineux, et le pli gaufré une composition fibreuse essentiellement à base de fibres courtes. Le pli non gaufré peut comprendre un additif résistant humide, et le pli gaufré comprendre un additif adoucissant ou déliant. La feuille ainsi composée présente une très bonne résistance humide et donc une bonne solidité du fait en particulier de la composition du pli non gaufré. Elle offre par ailleurs une douceur de surface par le choix de la composition fibreuse et chimique du pli gaufré.The fibrous and / or chemical composition of the plies may be the same or different. For example, the unembossed ply may have a fibrous composition essentially based on long fibers such as softwood fibers, and the embossed ply a fibrous composition essentially based on short fibers. The non-embossed ply may include a wet-resistant additive, and the embossed ply may include a softening or debonding additive. The sheet thus composed has a very good wet strength and therefore good strength, in particular due to the composition of the non-embossed ply. It also offers a softness of surface by the choice of the fibrous and chemical composition of the embossed fold.
La feuille présente aussi remarquablement, sensiblement la même épaisseur qu'une double feuille réalisée avec deux plis gaufrés de la même manière que le pli gaufré et assemblés en position pointes contre pointes. On a représenté sur la figure jointe une machine permettant de fabriquer une telle structure de feuille. Un premier cylindre de gaufrage 10, à revêtement rigide, présente en surface des picots de forme adaptée à la réalisation de protubérances souhaitées. Ces picots sont généralement obtenus par gravure du cylindre. Le procédé de fabrication de la feuille consiste à gaufrer un premier pli d'ouate de cellulose 20, déroulé à partir d'une bobine, entre le cylindre de gaufrage et un cylindre 12 en caoutchouc ou autre matériau équivalent, puis à venir l'assembler au moyen d'un cylindre marieur 14 à un pli d'ouate de cellulose non gaufré 40, déroulé également à partir d'une bobine mère. Le cylindre marieur applique le pli 40 sur le premier pli 20 alors que ce dernier est toujours en contact avec le cylindre de gaufrage 10. Auparavant, on a appliqué le cas échéant une substance adhésive à base aqueuse sur les sommets des protubérances gaufrées les plus élevées du premier pli 20 au moyen d'un cylindre d'encollage 16. La feuille issue de la machine est enroulée en logs de petit diamètre correspondant à celui des rouleaux qui seront commercialisés ; puis les logs sont découpés en les dits rouleaux. Le pli gaufré constitue le pli dit extérieur de la feuille quand elle est enroulée et le pli non gaufré le pli dit intérieur. On cherche de ce fait à rendre le gaufrage visible, de préférence.The sheet also has remarkably, substantially the same thickness as a double sheet made with two embossed plies in the same way as the embossed ply and assembled in point-to-tip position. There is shown in the attached figure a machine for making such a sheet structure. A first embossing roll 10, with a rigid coating, has on the surface spikes of a shape adapted to the production of desired protuberances. These pins are generally obtained by etching the cylinder. The process for producing the sheet consists in embossing a first ply of cellulose wadding 20, unwound from a spool, between the embossing roll and a roll 12 made of rubber or other equivalent material, and then assembling it by means of a marrying roll 14 to a ply of non-embossed cellulose wadding 40, also unwound from a mother reel. The marrying roll applies the fold 40 to the first fold 20 while the latter is still in contact with the embossing roll 10. Previously, a water-based adhesive substance was applied, where appropriate, to the tops of the highest embossed protuberances. first ply 20 by means of a gluing roll 16. The sheet from the machine is rolled into logs of small diameter corresponding to that of the rolls that will be marketed; then the logs are cut into the said rolls. The embossed fold is the so-called outer fold of the sheet when it is rolled up and the non-embossed fold the so-called inner fold. It is sought thereby to make the embossing visible, preferably.
Pour l'assemblage on utilise un cylindre marieur dont le revêtement est dur mais en caoutchouc quand même. Pour des raisons de machinabilité il est nécessaire de permettre à la surface du cylindre marieur de se déformer quelque peu quand elle est en appui sur le cylindre gaufreur pour permettre la liaison des deux plis. Cette déformation de la surface du cylindre marieur conduit à une déformation de la feuille à l'endroit où la pression de contact est élevée c'est à dire la zone des picots de liaison. Il s'ensuit un certain gaufrage à l'envers de la feuille : une déformation visible du second pli engendrée par les protubérances du premier pli. Ces protubérances sont de faible hauteur mais celle-ci est suffisante pour qu'elles soient perçues au toucher, procurant une sensation désagréable affectant la douceur du produit. Il s'agit d'un effet d'envers non souhaité.For the assembly is used a marrying cylinder whose coating is hard but rubber anyway. For reasons of machinability it is necessary to allow the surface of the marrying cylinder to deform somewhat when it is resting on the embossing cylinder to allow the connection of the two folds. This deformation of the surface of the marrying roll leads to a deformation of the sheet at the point where the contact pressure is high, ie the zone of the connecting pins. It follows a certain embossing upside down of the sheet: a visible deformation of the second fold generated by the protuberances of the first fold. These protuberances are of low height but it is sufficient for them to be perceived to the touch, providing an unpleasant sensation affecting the softness of the product. This is an undesired side effect.
Cet effet est particulièrement apparent quand le motif est constitué d'éléments à deux niveaux. Le motif de gravure du cylindre gaufreur de la figure 3 par exemple est composé de picots tronconiques ou en tronc de pyramide, les premiers étant alignés et les seconds en remplissage de surface. Les premiers peuvent être surélevés de 0,2 mm par exemple par rapport aux seconds. Les protubérances formées à partir de ces premiers picots reçoivent la colle de liaison du pli gaufré avec le pli non gaufré. En raison de la pression du cylindre marieur exercée sur la feuille, le pli intérieur est déformé par ces premières protubérances alors que l'on souhaiterait lisse.This effect is particularly apparent when the pattern consists of two-level elements. The engraving pattern of the embossing cylinder of FIG. 3, for example, is composed of frustoconical or truncated pyramidal pins, the first ones being aligned and the second ones being surface-filled. The first can be raised by 0.2 mm for example compared to the second. The protuberances formed from these first spikes receive the bonding adhesive of the embossed ply with the non-embossed ply. Due to the pressure of the marrying cylinder exerted on the sheet, the inner ply is deformed by these first protuberances while one would wish smooth.
Bien que les plis soient constitués d'ouate de cellulose à compositions fibreuses ou chimiques différentes, on prévoit selon l'art antérieur d'utiliser de l'ouate de cellulose obtenue selon la technique, connue sous le sigle CWP (pour Conventional Wet Press) où la feuille est pressée à l'état humide pour amener sa siccité à un niveau le plus élevé possible avant son séchage. Cette technique consiste à former une feuille par le dépôt d'une pâte constituée de fibres en suspension dans l'eau sur une toile de formation, l'égoutter, et l'essorer en la transférant avec pressage sur une deuxième toile formant feutre, puis à l'appliquer sur un cylindre de séchage de grand diamètre dont elle est détachée après son séchage par le moyen d'une lame formant racle. Le raclage est opéré de manière à former un crêpage de fines ondulations rapprochées et régulières, conférant volume et allongement à la feuille séchée. Malgré le crêpage cependant, dans le cas d'une feuille avec un pli gaufré et un pli non gaufré liés par collage, on ne peut éviter l'effet d'envers. La solution qui consisterait à utiliser un cylindre marieur en acier sensiblement de même dureté que le cylindre gaufreur, serait industriellement difficile à mettre en œuvre à cause des écarts de géométrie entre les cylindres qui ne peuvent être rattrapés ou compensés en raison de la dureté même des matériaux. Le procédé serait économiquement peu intéressant.Although the plies consist of cellulose wadding with different fibrous or chemical compositions, it is envisaged according to the prior art to use cellulose wadding obtained according to the technique, known under the acronym CWP (for Conventional Wet Press). where the sheet is pressed in the wet state to bring its dryness to the highest possible level before drying. This technique consists in forming a sheet by depositing a paste consisting of fibers suspended in water on a forming fabric, draining it, and wringing it by transferring it with pressing to a second fabric. felt, then to apply it to a large diameter drying cylinder from which it is detached after drying by means of a doctor blade. The scraping is performed so as to form a crimp of fine close and regular undulations, imparting volume and elongation to the dried sheet. Despite creping however, in the case of a sheet with an embossed fold and a non-embossed fold bonded together, the back-side effect can not be avoided. The solution which consists in using a steel marrying cylinder substantially of the same hardness as the embossing cylinder, would be industrially difficult to implement because of differences in geometry between the cylinders that can not be compensated or compensated because of the very hardness of the cylinders. materials. The process would be economically unattractive.
La Demanderesse s'est fixé comme objectif la réalisation d'un tel produit c'est-à-dire comprenant un premier et un deuxième plis d'ouate de cellulose dont le premier est gaufré avec des motifs en relief, consistant au moins en partie de premières protubérances orientées vers l'intérieur de la feuille, et le deuxième est non gaufré, les deux plis étant liés par collage des premières protubérances, qui ne présente pas l'inconvénient de la technique antérieure.The Applicant has set itself the objective of producing such a product that is to say comprising a first and a second ply of cellulose wadding, the first of which is embossed with relief patterns, consisting at least in part first protuberances oriented towards the inside of the sheet, and the second is unembossed, the two plies being bonded by bonding of the first protuberances, which does not have the disadvantage of the prior art.
L'invention concerne donc les produits dont la nature des protubérances du pli gaufré est susceptible d'engendrer un effet d'envers. Il s'agit de protubérances dont la section transversale dans le plan du pli est en tronc de cône ou tronc de pyramide. Ces protubérances sont isolées ou bien disposées côte à côte selon une même ligne ou portion de ligne, courbe ou rectiligne, c'est-à-dire disposée en une seule rangée. Le motif de la figure 3 en est un exemple.The invention therefore relates to products whose nature of the protuberances of the embossed fold is likely to generate a backside effect. These are protuberances whose cross section in the plane of the fold is truncated cone or pyramid trunk. These protuberances are insulated or arranged side by side along the same line or portion of line, curved or rectilinear, that is to say arranged in a single row. The pattern of Figure 3 is an example.
Il s'agit également de protubérances dont la section transversale dans le plan du pli est allongée. Ces protubérances sont linéaires et forment des lignes ou des portions de ligne continues.It is also protuberances whose cross section in the plane of the fold is elongated. These protuberances are linear and form lines or portions of continuous line.
On désigne ces protubérances par protubérances disposées selon une ligne simple.These protuberances are designated by protuberances arranged in a single line.
Le produit conforme à l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que les premières protubérances sont disposées selon une ligne simple et en ce que le deuxième pli non gaufré est un pli du type séché par soufflage traversant présentant une épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 mm pour un grammage compris entre 15 et 45 g/m2.The product according to the invention is characterized in that the first protuberances are arranged in a single line and in that the second non-embossed fold is a fold of the throughdried drying type. having a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm for a basis weight of between 15 and 45 g / m 2 .
L'épaisseur est une mesure moyenne effectuée sur un empilement deThe thickness is an average measurement made on a stack of
12 plis : un palpeur de surface 10 cm2 est posé sur les plis avec une vitesse de descente de 2 mm/s, puis applique une pression de 20 g/cmz ; à l'issue d'une durée de 5 secondes, la valeur de l'épaisseur est mesurée (selon norme EN 12625-3).12 plies: a surface probe 10 cm 2 is placed on the folds with a lowering speed of 2 mm / s, and then applies a pressure of 20 g / cm z; after a duration of 5 seconds, the value of the thickness is measured (according to EN 12625-3).
Un papier du type séché par soufflage d'air traversant, que l'on désignera par la suite TAD, est en soi connu. Il se distingue du papier de type CWP par un premier séchage de la feuille en aval de sa formation et avant toute compression. Ce séchage est effectué alors que la feuille encore humide repose sur une toile, par de l'air chaud dirigé au travers d'elle.A paper of the air-blown dry type, which will be referred to as TAD, is in itself known. It differs from CWP type paper by first drying the sheet downstream of its formation and before any compression. This drying is carried out while the still wet sheet rests on a canvas, by hot air directed through it.
On a constaté en effet avec surprise qu'une telle combinaison présentait l'avantage inattendu de permettre un gaufrage du premier pli suffisant pour accroître l'épaisseur, tout en préservant la face lisse de la feuille assemblée, d'un effet d'envers perceptible au toucher. Cet avantage est particulièrement apparent quand la feuille est mise en rouleau. La pression exercée sur la feuille au cours de l'enroulement aurait tendance à faire ressortir la marque des protubérances sur la face lisse opposée. Cet effet serait d'autant plus marqué que le niveau des protubérances est élevé.Surprisingly, it has been found that such a combination has the unexpected advantage of allowing an embossing of the first pleat sufficient to increase the thickness, while preserving the smooth face of the assembled sheet, from a perceptible reverse effect. touch. This advantage is particularly apparent when the sheet is rolled. The pressure exerted on the sheet during the winding would tend to bring out the mark of the protuberances on the opposite smooth face. This effect would be all the more marked as the level of the protuberances is high.
Le pli TAD de façon surprenante évite ou au moins réduit ce phénomène.The TAD fold surprisingly avoids or at least reduces this phenomenon.
De préférence, l'épaisseur du deuxième pli est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,3 mm.Preferably, the thickness of the second fold is between 0.2 and 0.3 mm.
Conformément à une autre caractéristique, lesdites premières protubérances couvrent entre 2 et 15% et plus particulièrement entre 2 et 10% de la surface de la feuille.According to another characteristic, said first protuberances cover between 2 and 15% and more particularly between 2 and 10% of the surface of the sheet.
L'invention s'applique de préférence à une feuille dont le premier pli comprend en outre des deuxièmes protubérances de densité comprise entreThe invention is preferably applied to a sheet whose first ply further comprises second protuberances of density between
30 et 100 protubérances par cm2, plus particulièrement les premières protubérances étant à un niveau plus élevé que les deuxièmes protubérances par rapport au plan du premier pli.30 and 100 protuberances per cm 2 , more particularly the first protuberances being at a higher level than the second protuberances with respect to the plane of the first ply.
De préférence, le premier pli est un pli du type CWP.Preferably, the first fold is a fold of the CWP type.
Selon un mode préféré de l'invention, la feuille est constituée des premier et deuxième plis précités. On dénommera dans la description qui suit, feuille hybride, une feuille comprenant un pli gaufré et un pli non gaufré type TAD.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sheet consists of the first and second plies mentioned above. In the description which follows, the hybrid sheet will be referred to as a sheet comprising an embossed ply and a non-embossed type TAD ply.
On décrit maintenant l'invention plus en détail en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : La figure 1 représente schématiquement une installation de transformation d'ouate de cellulose permettant la fabrication d'une feuille continue comportant un pli gaufré assemblé avec un pli non gaufré, avec un détail agrandi de la surface du cylindre gravé ;The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 schematically represents a cellulose wadding processing plant enabling the production of a continuous sheet comprising an embossed fold assembled with an unembossed fold, with an enlarged detail of the surface of the engraved cylinder;
La figure 2 représente en coupe la structure d'une feuille à deux plis d'ouate de cellulose produite par l'installation de la figure 1 ;Figure 2 shows in section the structure of a two-ply sheet of cellulose wadding produced by the installation of Figure 1;
La figure 3 représente un motif de gaufrage du pli gaufré de la feuille, le motif ne comprenant que des éléments de protubérances discrètes selon une ligne simple;Figure 3 shows an embossing pattern of the embossed fold of the sheet, the pattern comprising only discrete protruding elements in a single line;
La figure 4 représente la face interne d'une feuille de l'art antérieur dont les deux plis sont en ouate de cellulose CWP ;FIG. 4 represents the internal face of a sheet of the prior art in which the two plies are made of cellulose wadding CWP;
La figure 5 représente la face interne d'une feuille hybride selon l'invention ;FIG. 5 represents the internal face of a hybrid sheet according to the invention;
La figure 6 représente un autre motif de gaufrage du pli gaufré de la feuille, le motif comprenant des éléments linéaires continus selon une ligne simple;Figure 6 shows another embossing pattern of the embossed fold of the sheet, the pattern comprising continuous linear elements along a single line;
La figure 7 est un diagramme représentant l'évolution du ratio de la surface au dessus du seuil, en ordonnées, pour chaque valeur de seuil en abscisses.FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the evolution of the ratio of the area above the threshold, on the ordinate, for each threshold value on the abscissa.
Comme on le voit sur la figure 2, le produit issu de la machine illustrée sur la figure 1 comporte un premier pli d'ouate de cellulose 20, qui a été gaufré sur le cylindre de gaufrage 10 associé à un deuxième pli d'ouate de cellulose 40 qui n'a pas été gaufré. Le pli 20 comporte dans cet exemple des premières protubérances 2Oi et des deuxièmes protubérances 2O2. Le pli 40 est lié au pli 20 par les protubérances 20-t qui correspondent aux premiers picots 10i du cylindre qui sont proéminents par rapport aux deuxièmes picots IO2. En raison de la pression exercée par le cylindre marieur, compte tenu de la vitesse de fabrication imposée par les contraintes industrielles, on ne peut éviter que la feuille 40 ne se déforme dans une certaine mesure. Le réglage de la pression appliquée par le cylindre marieur résulte d'un équilibre. La colle appliquée sur les sommets des protubérances 2Oi ne forme une liaison entre les deux plis 20 et 40 que si une pression minimale est exercée par le cylindre marieur. Une pression trop faible conduirait à une feuille présentant des zones sans association. Une pression trop forte conduit à une feuille ayant un effet d'envers très marqué. En fabrication, on cherche donc toujours un compromis. Pour obtenir un produit lié, l'écart entre les niveaux des sommets des premiers et deuxièmes picots est généralement d'au moins 0,2 mm. Si on réalise un produit avec un cylindre gravé dont les picots ont tous la même hauteur, celle-ci est d'au moins 0,4 mm. Cet effet d'envers ressort au moment de l'enroulement de la feuille pendant sa mise en rouleau. Pour enrouler la feuille, on utilise un mandrin ou une broche que l'on met en mouvement de rotation autour de son axe. Cette rotation implique une traction sur la feuille et un serrage de cette dernière sur le rouleau. Il en résulte une pression d'une spire sur la spire sous-jacente et les protubérances du pli extérieur de la spire appuient sur le pli intérieur. Comme la spire sous-jacente est souple, elle ne constitue pas un support suffisant de l'effort de la protubérance sur le pli intérieur, celui-ci se déforme en produisant un relief sur la face lisse opposée. L'effet d'envers ressort.As seen in Figure 2, the product from the machine illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a first ply of cellulose wadding 20, which has been embossed on the embossing cylinder 10 associated with a second ply of cotton wool. cellulose 40 which has not been embossed. In this example, the fold 20 comprises first protuberances 20i and second protuberances 20 2 . The fold 40 is connected to the fold 20 by the protuberances 20-t which correspond to the first pins 10i of the cylinder which are prominent with respect to the second pins IO2. Due to the pressure exerted by the marrying cylinder, given the speed of manufacture imposed by industrial constraints, it can not be avoided that the sheet 40 is deformed to a certain extent. The adjustment of the pressure applied by the marrying cylinder results from a balance. The adhesive applied to the tops of the protrusions 2Oi forms a connection between the two folds 20 and 40 only if a minimum pressure is exerted by the marrying cylinder. Too low a pressure would lead to a leaf with unassociated areas. Too much pressure leads to a leaf having a very pronounced backside effect. In manufacturing, we always seek a compromise. To obtain a bound product, the difference between the levels of the vertices of the first and second pins is generally at least 0.2 mm. If a product is produced with an engraved cylinder whose pins are all the same height, this is at least 0.4 mm. This back-up effect springs up when the sheet is rolled up while it is being rolled. To wind the sheet, a mandrel or a spindle is used which is rotated about its axis. This rotation involves a pull on the sheet and a tightening of the latter on the roll. This results in a pressure of a turn on the underlying turn and the protuberances of the outer fold of the coil support on the inner fold. As the underlying coil is flexible, it does not constitute sufficient support for the force of the protuberance on the inner fold, it is deformed producing a relief on the opposite smooth face. The backside effect is springing.
La solution de l'invention pour éviter précisément la déformation au cours de l'enroulement a consisté à remplacer le pli lisse de type CWP jusqu'à présent, par un pli de type à séchage par soufflage d'air traversant, TAD.The solution of the invention to avoid precisely the deformation during the winding has been to replace the smooth fold CWP type so far, by a fold of the air-drying drying type, TAD.
On rappelle ci-après la fabrication de ce type TAD d'ouate de cellulose. La pâte constituée de fibres en suspension dans l'eau est déposée en un ou plusieurs jets sur une toile en mouvement dite de formation de la feuille. Après égouttage, la feuille est transférée sur une toile présentant un grande porosité et un relief déterminés. Cette toile est entraînée sur des moyens de séchage par air chaud traversant, par exemple en forme de cylindre autour duquel la toile avec sa feuille est guidée. Pendant son passage sur le cylindre la feuille est traversée par une masse d'air chaud qui augmente fortement sa siccité figeant la structure fibreuse de la feuille. Cette structure dépend de l'empreinte laissée sur la feuille par la toile. On utilise maintenant de préférence une toile marqueuse qui comporte une structure de tissage avec des zones de forte porosité et des zones de faible porosité disposées suivant une définition géométrique déterminée de telle sorte qu'elle induise dans la feuille une structure hétérogène comportant des zones de compactage différent par l'effet même de l'air traversant.The manufacture of this type of TAD of cellulose wadding is described below. The pulp consisting of fibers suspended in water is deposited in one or more jets on a moving web known as forming the sheet. After draining, the sheet is transferred to a fabric having a large porosity and a determined relief. This fabric is driven on drying means by hot air passing through, for example in the form of a cylinder around which the fabric with its sheet is guided. During its passage on the cylinder the sheet is crossed by a mass of hot air which greatly increases its dryness freezing the fibrous structure of the sheet. This structure depends on the imprint left on the sheet by the canvas. A marker fabric is preferably used which comprises a weaving structure with zones of high porosity and areas of low porosity disposed according to a geometric definition determined such that it induces in the sheet a heterogeneous structure having different areas of compacting by the very effect of the air through.
Le séchage peut être effectué sur un seul moyen de séchage par air traversant ou bien par étape sur deux moyens, l'un après l'autre. Selon les besoins et la nature souhaitée, la feuille peut conserver un certain degré d'humidité résiduel et être appliquée sur un cylindre de séchage, de type Yankee connu en soi, pour achever son séchage de façon à permettre son crêpage par décollement au moyen d'une lame formant racle. D'autres moyens que le crêpage classique, sont connus pour conférer de l'allongement à la feuille. L'invention ne se limite pas à l'emploi d'un pli d'ouate de cellulose séché selon une technique particulière de soufflage d'air traversant. Toute autre technique équivalente à la portée de l'homme du métier peut être mise en œuvre. Cette technique de fabrication permet la réalisation de feuilles dont le volume massique est plus élevé que pour les feuilles CWP. A grammage égal la feuille est donc plus épaisse.Drying can be carried out on a single means of drying by passing air or by step on two means, one after the other. Depending on the needs and the desired nature, the sheet may retain a certain degree of residual moisture and be applied to a drying cylinder, Yankee type known per se, to complete its drying so as to allow its creping by delamination by means of a scraper blade. Other means than conventional creping are known to impart elongation to the sheet. The invention is not limited to the use of a fold of cellulose wadding dried according to a particular technique of passing air blowing. Any other technique equivalent to the scope of those skilled in the art can be implemented. This manufacturing technique allows the production of sheets whose mass volume is higher than for CWP sheets. At equal weight the sheet is therefore thicker.
Pour la réalisation de la feuille selon l'invention, on utilise un pli de type TAD, de grammage compris entre 15 et 45 g/m2 et d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 mm, de préférence comprise entre 0,2 et 0,3 mm. Pour une application comme papier toilette ; la composition des fibres est un mélange de fibres longues de pâte de bois, telles que de résineux et des fibres courtes de pâte de bois, telles que de feuillus.For the production of the sheet according to the invention, use is made of a TAD-type ply with a basis weight of between 15 and 45 g / m 2 and a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm, preferably between 0 and , 2 and 0.3 mm. For an application as toilet paper; the fiber composition is a mixture of long fibers of wood pulp, such as softwood and short wood pulp fibers, such as hardwoods.
Dans le mode de réalisation décrit précédemment, le premier pli gaufré est un pli CWP. L'épaisseur d'un tel pli est comprise entre 0,1 mm et 0,15 mm.In the embodiment described above, the first embossed fold is a fold CWP. The thickness of such a fold is between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm.
Afin de mesurer l'effet d'envers produit par l'association des plis selon cette technique, on a procédé à des essais comparatifs sur le motif tel que représenté sur la figure 3. Il s'agit d'un motif constitué de premières protubérances, relativement grosses et dessinant un motif esthétique, et de deuxièmes protubérances plus fines, de densité de 80 protubérances par cm2, formant un remplissage à l'intérieur du dessin des premières protubérances.In order to measure the backside effect produced by the combination of folds according to this technique, comparative tests were carried out on the pattern as shown in FIG. 3. This is a pattern consisting of first protuberances , relatively large and drawing an aesthetic pattern, and second protuberances finer, density of 80 protrusions per cm 2 , forming a filling within the design of the first protuberances.
Pour le test, on a utilisé des bandes d'ouate de cellulose de qualité papier toilette. Une bande d'ouate de cellulose CWP de composition fibreuse : 40 %For the test, cellulose paper towels of toilet paper quality were used. A band of cellulose wadding CWP of fibrous composition: 40%
SWK prime pâte de fibres longues d'origine canadienne obtenue par une cuisson kraft/ 60% Eucalyptus, avec un taux de crêpage de 20% (on entend par taux de crêpage le ratio de la différence de vitesse entre le cylindre sécheur et l'enrouleuse sur la vitesse du sécheur),SWK premium long fiber pulp of Canadian origin obtained by cooking kraft / 60% Eucalyptus, with a crepe rate of 20% (crepe rate means the ratio of the speed difference between the dryer cylinder and the winder on the speed of the dryer),
Grammage : 20,5 +/- 0,5 g/m2,Weight: 20,5 +/- 0,5 g / m 2 ,
Epaisseur : 1,84 mm pour 12 plis.Thickness: 1.84 mm for 12 folds.
Une bande d'ouate de cellulose TAD crêpée, avec un taux de crêpage de 8 à 10% de composition fibreuse 50% SWK prime / 50% Eucalyptus,A creped TAD cellulose wadding band, with a creping rate of 8 to 10% fibrous composition 50% SWK prime / 50% Eucalyptus,
Grammage 20,5 +/- 0,5 g/m2,Weight 20.5 +/- 0.5 g / m 2 ,
Epaisseur 3,0 mm pour 12 plis soit un volume massique entre 10,7 et 13,8 cm3/g.Thickness 3.0 mm for 12 folds, ie a mass volume between 10.7 and 13.8 cm 3 / g.
On a réalisé une feuille hybride conforme à l'invention dont le pli CWP était gaufré à partir de la bande CWP selon le motif de la figure 3 et le pli non gaufré était un pli TAD constitué de la bande TAD et une feuille témoin dont le pli gaufré était identique à celui de la feuille selon l'invention (pli CWP) et le pli non gaufré était constitué de la bande CWP. Les conditions opératoires sur la machine de la figure 1 étaient les mêmes dans les deux cas. La feuille dans les deux cas a été mise en rouleaux de diamètresA hybrid sheet according to the invention was made in which the CWP ply was embossed from the CWP strip according to the pattern of FIG. 3 and the non-embossed ply was a TAD fold consisting of the TAD band and a control sheet of which the Embossed ply was identical to that of the sheet according to the invention (ply CWP) and the non-embossed ply consisted of the CWP strip. The operating conditions on the machine of FIG. 1 were the same in both cases. The sheet in both cases was put in rolls of diameters
10 cm. Il s'agit de rouleaux de papier toilette réalisés de façon conventionnelle. Le mode de fabrication est le suivant. En sortie de la machine comme celle de la figure 1 où les plis sont assemblés, la feuille est entraînée jusqu'à une station d'enroulement en logs. Les logs sont des rouleaux de diamètres de 10 cm ici et de laize égale à celle de la feuille. Le bord d'attaque de la feuille est collé sur le mandrin en carton ou la broche, et le mandrin mis en rotation autour de son axe ; une certaine traction est exercée sur la feuille et en assure le serrage. C'est au cours de cet enroulement avec serrage, même modéré, que l'effet d'envers se révèle. Une fois le log terminé, il est acheminé vers une station de sciage en rouleaux de papier toilette. Il y en a 26 de 10 cm de long pour une feuille d'origine de10 cm. These are rolls of toilet paper made in a conventional way. The method of manufacture is as follows. At the output of the machine as that of Figure 1 where the folds are assembled, the sheet is driven to a winding station in logs. The logs are rolls of diameters of 10 cm here and of width equal to that of the sheet. The leading edge of the sheet is glued to the cardboard mandrel or spindle, and the mandrel rotated about its axis; some traction is exerted on the sheet and ensures tightening. It is during this winding with tightening, even moderate, that the reverse effect is revealed. Once the log is finished, it is routed to a sawing station in rolls of toilet paper. There are 26 of 10 cm long for an original sheet of
260 cm.260 cm.
Après fabrication, on a déroulé et découpé des échantillons des deux feuilles. On a comparé l'état de surface des deux feuilles vues du côté lisse. Dans ce but, on a adopté la méthode d'analyse suivante. On dispose d'un équipement du commerce que l'on utilise déjà pour réaliser des mesures de surface d'objets tridimensionnels. Il comprend un appareil de mesure de la surface (commercialisé sous la désignation Optotop/mpe III), un programme de prise de vue à 3 dimensions (commercialisé sous la désignation Optocat), un programme d'analyse d'image (commercialisé sous la désignation Toposurf).After fabrication, samples of both leaves were unwound and cut. The surface condition of the two sheets seen from the smooth side was compared. For this purpose, the following method of analysis has been adopted. There is commercial equipment that is already used to make surface measurements of three-dimensional objects. It includes a surface measuring device (marketed under the designation Optotop / mpe III), a 3-dimensional shooting program (marketed under the designation Optocat), an image analysis program (marketed under the designation Toposurf).
On place les échantillons côté verso face à l'éclairage de l'analyseur 3D de manière à étudier le pli interne de la feuille. Chaque échantillon est aplati le mieux possible pour éviter de mesurer des différences de hauteurs parasites. La surface analysée est un rectangle de 20X16 mm. On éclaire la surface par une projection de franges lumineuses. Les franges sont obtenues par une lumière traversant diverses grilles calibrées. L'image est acquise par triangulation entre le projecteur de franges, la feuille et la caméra. La caméra permet d'enregistrer des images dans la mémoire d'un ordinateur via le programme Optocat.The backside samples are placed facing the 3D analyzer's illumination to study the inner fold of the sheet. Each sample is flattened as best as possible to avoid measuring differences in parasitic heights. The analyzed surface is a rectangle of 20X16 mm. The surface is illuminated by a projection of bright fringes. The fringes are obtained by a light passing through various calibrated grids. The image is acquired by triangulation between the fringe projector, the sheet and the camera. The camera allows you to save images to a computer's memory via the Optocat program.
On traite ensuite les images par le logiciel Toposurf. L'image est d'abord aplatie pour compenser les déformations optiques dues à l'objectif de la caméra puis écrêtées pour supprimer les valeurs extrêmes (99,9% des données sont conservées). Une image de référence est alors obtenue. Chaque pixel de l'image est référencé dans l'espace et possède des côtes suivant les trois axes.The images are then processed by the Toposurf software. The image is first flattened to compensate for optical distortions due to the lens of the camera and then clipped to remove extreme values (99.9% of the data is retained). A reference image is then obtained. Each pixel of the image is referenced in space and has ribs along the three axes.
Les images de référence sont ensuite traitées par la fonction 'Morphology/z cuts'. Cette fonction permet de faire des coupes transversales perpendiculaires à l'axe z et de calculer par rapport à un plan horizontal d'altitude z, la surface des points situés au dessus ou en dessous du plan.Reference images are then processed by the 'Morphology / z cuts' function. This function makes it possible to make cross sections perpendicular to the z axis and to calculate with respect to a horizontal plane of altitude z, the surface of the points situated above or below the plane.
On a utilisé cette fonction en faisant varier la valeur Z pour comparer les produits. Sur les figures 4 et 5, on a représenté des images numérisées de la face interne des deux feuilles analysées, traitées en nuances de gris ; gris foncé pour les zones d'altitude la plus faible jusqu'à gris clair pour les zones d'altitude la plus élevée . On observe sur la figure 4, pour le pli CWP (correspondant à la feuille témoin) une structure de fines lignes de crêtes du crêpage. Dans cette zone de l'image on perçoit les traces des protubérances formant l'effet d'envers. Les pavés clairs sont entourés de zones plus foncées montrant la différence de niveau. Sur la figure 5, pour le pli TAD (correspondant à la feuille hybride selon l'invention) le relief général est plus marqué ; il s'agit de celui de la toile marqueuse. On perçoit également la présence de traces correspondant aux protubérances formant le motif esthétique représenté sur la figure 3. Le motif ressort beaucoup moins ; les différences de niveau sont moindres.This function was used by varying the Z value to compare products. Figures 4 and 5, there is shown digitized images of the inner face of the two sheets analyzed, treated in shades of gray; dark gray for the lowest altitude zones to light gray for the highest altitude zones. FIG. 4 shows, for the CWP fold (corresponding to the control sheet), a structure of fine ridges of the crepe. In this area of the image, we can see the traces of the protuberances forming the backside effect. The light pavers are surrounded by darker areas showing the difference in level. In FIG. 5, for the fold TAD (corresponding to the hybrid sheet according to the invention) the general relief is more marked; it is that of the marker cloth. We also perceive the presence of traces corresponding to the protuberances forming the aesthetic pattern shown in Figure 3. The pattern is much less; the level differences are smaller.
On a procédé à une analyse des images au moyen des logiciels mentionnés ci-dessus. On a effectué des coupes des images suivant l'axe z en ne conservant que les pixels présents au dessus d'un seuil donné.The images were analyzed using the software mentioned above. Images were cut along the z-axis keeping only the pixels present above a given threshold.
Pour l'image du pli CWP (feuille témoin), on a augmenté le seuil progressivement jusqu'à ce que la plupart des pixels correspondant au crêpage disparaissent. Les pixels restant correspondent donc à l'effet d'envers au niveau des premières protubérances. On a tracé aussi une courbe pour chaque seuil en abscisse du ratio de la surface au dessus du seuil par rapport à la surface totale. Cette courbe, référencée A est rapportée sur la figure 7. Sachant que la surface des premières protubérances couvre dans cet exemple de 5 à 8% de la surface totale, le seuil mesuré est alors de 0,05 mm. Il reste alors une hauteur de 0,05 mm pour les protubérances qui sont à l'origine de l'effet d'envers.For the image of the CWP fold (control sheet), the threshold was increased progressively until most of the pixels corresponding to the crepe disappeared. The remaining pixels thus correspond to the upside effect at the first protuberances. A curve has also been plotted for each threshold on the abscissa of the ratio of the area above the threshold to the total area. This curve, referenced A is reported in Figure 7. Knowing that the surface of the first protuberances covers in this example 5 to 8% of the total area, the measured threshold is then 0.05 mm. It remains then a height of 0.05 mm for the protuberances which are at the origin of the effect of back.
On procédé de la même façon avec la feuille hybride sur le pli TAD, et on a tracé la courbe correspondante, référencée B sur la figure 7.We proceed in the same way with the hybrid sheet on the fold TAD, and we drew the corresponding curve, referenced B in Figure 7.
Les courbes A et B permettent de déduire que la feuille hybride réalisée selon l'invention avec un pli CWP gaufré et un pli TAD non gaufré présente un seuil de 0,07 mm, ce qui correspond à une hauteur de seulement 0,03 mm pour les protubérances susceptibles d'engendrer un effet d'envers. Cette réduction de 40 % de la hauteur des protubérances suffit à faire disparaître l'effet d'envers perçu. Sur la figure 6, on a représenté un autre type de motif, les premières protubérances ne sont pas de forme ponctuelle mais elles sont constituées d'éléments linéaires. Le graphique de la figure 7 montre que le comportement est le même que pour la présente invention portant sur des protubérances discrètes. On a tracé la courbe, référencée C, correspondant à une feuille témoin constituée de deux plis CWP comme précédemment mais le pli gaufré est réalisé avec le motif de gaufrage comportant des protubérances linéaires représenté à la figure 6. Le profil de cette courbe est proche de celui de la courbe A. On a tracé également la courbe, référencée D, correspondant à une feuille hybride comme précédemment mais dont le pli gaufré est également réalisé avec le motif de gaufrage représenté à la figure 6. On constate également une réduction de l'effet d'envers.Curves A and B make it possible to deduce that the hybrid sheet produced according to the invention with an embossed CWP ply and an unembossed TAD ply has a threshold of 0.07 mm, which corresponds to a height of only 0.03 mm for protuberances likely to generate a backside effect. This reduction of 40% of the height of the protuberances is enough to remove the perceived upside effect. In Figure 6, there is shown another type of pattern, the first protuberances are not punctual shape but they consist of linear elements. The graph of FIG. 7 shows that the behavior is the same as for the present invention relating to discrete protuberances. We have drawn the curve, referenced C, corresponding to a sheet witness consisting of two folds CWP as before but the embossed fold is made with the embossing pattern having linear protuberances shown in Figure 6. The profile of this curve is close to that of the curve A. It has also drawn the curve, referenced D, corresponding to a hybrid sheet as before but whose embossed ply is also made with the embossing pattern shown in Figure 6. There is also a reduction of the backside effect.
La perception désagréable de l'effet d'envers au toucher n'est plus présente sur la feuille hybride selon l'invention, en particulier après enroulement de la feuille. De ce fait, la douceur globale perçue du produit par le consommateur en est améliorée. The unpleasant perception of the upside-down effect is no longer present on the hybrid sheet according to the invention, in particular after winding the sheet. As a result, the perceived overall sweetness of the product by the consumer is improved.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Feuille de papier absorbant à usage sanitaire ou domestique comprenant un premier et un deuxième plis d'ouate de cellulose, le premier pli étant gaufré avec des motifs en relief, consistant au moins en partie de premières protubérances tournées vers l'intérieur de la feuille, le deuxième pli n'étant pas gaufré et étant lié au premier pli par collage desdites premières protubérances, caractérisée par le fait que lesdites premières protubérances sont disposées selon une ligne simple, et en ce que le deuxième pli est un pli d'ouate de cellulose du type séché par soufflage traversant, d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 mm pour un grammage compris entre 15 et 45 g/m2.An absorbent paper sheet for sanitary or household use comprising a first and a second ply of cellulose wadding, the first ply being embossed with relief patterns, consisting at least in part of first protuberances facing inwardly of the tissue. sheet, the second ply not being embossed and being bonded to the first ply by bonding said first protuberances, characterized in that said first protuberances are arranged in a single line, and in that the second ply is a ply of wadding of cellulose of the through-blown dry type, having a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm for a basis weight of between 15 and 45 g / m 2 .
2. Feuille selon la revendication précédente dont l'épaisseur du deuxième pli est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,3 mm. 2. Sheet according to the preceding claim, the thickness of the second ply is between 0.2 and 0.3 mm.
3. Feuille selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites premières protubérances couvrent entre 2 et 15% de la surface de la feuille. 3. Sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said first protuberances cover between 2 and 15% of the surface of the sheet.
4. Feuille selon la revendication précédente dont lesdites premières protubérances sont à section transversale en tronc de cône ou tronc de pyramide. 4. Sheet according to the preceding claim wherein said first protuberances are cross-section truncated cone or truncated pyramid.
5. Feuille selon la revendication 3 dont les dites protubérances sont au moins en partie à section transversale linéaire continue.5. Sheet according to claim 3, wherein said protuberances are at least partly in continuous linear cross-section.
6. Feuille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le premier pli comprend en outre des deuxièmes protubérances de densité comprise entre 30 et 100 protubérances par cm2. 6. Sheet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fold further comprises second protuberances of density between 30 and 100 protuberances per cm 2 .
7. Feuille selon la revendication précédente dont les premières protubérances sont à un niveau plus élevé que les deuxièmes protubérances par rapport au plan du premier pli.7. Sheet according to the preceding claim wherein the first protuberances are at a higher level than the second protuberances relative to the plane of the first fold.
8. Feuille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le premier pli est un pli du type CWP. 8. Sheet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fold is a fold of CWP type.
9. Rouleau de papier réalisé par enroulement d'une feuille selon l'une des revendications précédentes de telle manière que le pli gaufré forme le pli extérieur et le pli non gaufré le pli intérieur.A roll of paper made by winding a sheet according to one of the preceding claims such that the embossed fold forms the outer fold and the non-embossed fold the inner fold.
10. Rouleau selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il est destiné à être utilisé comme papier toilette. 10. Roller according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is intended to be used as toilet paper.
EP07717775A 2006-01-12 2007-01-11 Hybrid sheet of absorbent paper, and roll of paper made from this sheet Active EP1979540B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0650106A FR2895934B1 (en) 2006-01-12 2006-01-12 HYBRID SHEET OF ABSORBENT PAPER, ROLL OF PAPER MADE FROM SHEET
PCT/FR2007/000048 WO2007080322A2 (en) 2006-01-12 2007-01-11 Hybrid sheet of absorbent paper, and roll of paper made from this sheet

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EP1979540A2 true EP1979540A2 (en) 2008-10-15
EP1979540B1 EP1979540B1 (en) 2011-11-23

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EP (1) EP1979540B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE534769T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2376262T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2895934B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007080322A2 (en)

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ES2533841T3 (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-04-15 Sca Tissue France Hybrid multilayer tissue paper product and method of manufacturing it

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EP1104821A1 (en) * 1999-11-26 2001-06-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Thick and smooth multi-ply tissue paper
EP1149552A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-10-31 Georgia-Pacific France Absorbent paper product such as serviettes or handkerchiefs, processes for the manufacture of such a product and devices for the carrying out of such processes
EP1321576A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-25 SCA Hygiene Products AB A laminated tissue paper and a method of forming it
ATE520826T1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2011-09-15 Georgia Pacific France ABSORBENT EMBOSSED PAPER PRODUCT
FR2860527B1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2006-01-27 Georgia Pacific France ABSORBENT PAPER SHEET

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See references of WO2007080322A3 *

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WO2007080322A3 (en) 2007-09-07
EP1979540B1 (en) 2011-11-23
ES2376262T3 (en) 2012-03-12
WO2007080322A2 (en) 2007-07-19
ATE534769T1 (en) 2011-12-15
FR2895934B1 (en) 2009-05-01
FR2895934A1 (en) 2007-07-13

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