EP1670991B1 - Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief - Google Patents

Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1670991B1
EP1670991B1 EP04791456A EP04791456A EP1670991B1 EP 1670991 B1 EP1670991 B1 EP 1670991B1 EP 04791456 A EP04791456 A EP 04791456A EP 04791456 A EP04791456 A EP 04791456A EP 1670991 B1 EP1670991 B1 EP 1670991B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regions
cavities
sheet
sheet according
ply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP04791456A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1670991A2 (en
Inventor
Michel Basler
Benoît Hoeft
Sébastien Jeannot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Operations France SAS
Original Assignee
Georgia Pacific France SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Georgia Pacific France SAS filed Critical Georgia Pacific France SAS
Priority to EP04791456A priority Critical patent/EP1670991B1/en
Publication of EP1670991A2 publication Critical patent/EP1670991A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0733—Pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0738—Cross sectional profile of the embossments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B31F2201/0766—Multi-layered the layers being superposed tip to tip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations
    • B31F2201/0787—Applying adhesive
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/02—Patterned paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of products for sanitary or domestic use made with sheets of absorbent paper such as cellulose wadding.
  • the invention aims in particular a sheet consisting of at least one embossed fold for use as toilet paper essentially but also as a tissue, napkin or paper towels.
  • absorbent paper generally creped, low weight, cellulose wadding, also known as wadded fabric.
  • the elongation capacity imparted by the creping makes it possible to emboss the sheet.
  • This operation consists in deforming it permanently between a rigid cylinder provided with reliefs or pins on the surface and a counter-cylinder, for example with resilient coating. This increases the apparent thickness of the sheet by the protuberances on one side. To these protuberances correspond cavities on the other side.
  • embossing in the present invention is done on low moisture paper during a step of converting the paper sheet downstream of the paper machine.
  • the embossing patterns consist mostly of elementary protuberances of small cross section and simple geometric shape.
  • An example is described in the patent US 3,414,459 which is on a sheet composed of several folds superimposed and glued together.
  • the plies were embossed with a frequency of distribution and a height of the protuberances adapted to the production of water absorbing products, such as a paper towel.
  • the number of elements ranges from 5 to 30 per cm 2 .
  • the applicant has developed, for toilet paper in particular, patterns whose number of elements is greater, ranging from 30 to 80 or more per cm 2 . These last elements necessarily have an elementary surface at the very low summit. It is less than 1 mm 2 . For these last embodiments, an aspect is obtained which mimics that of a woven product.
  • An example has been described in the patent EP 0 426 548 in the name of Applicant. This type of fine and dense embossing is well suited to induce a thick effect on the sheet.
  • the solution presented in the patent EP 797 705 consists in producing a combined pattern, comprising a graphic pattern and a background pattern.
  • the first is composed of protuberances whose shape is called linear. These have an elongated, curvilinear shape with a width of between 0.1 and 2 mm.
  • the second pattern comprises small protuberances, generally frustoconical, distributed at a rate of at least 30 per cm 2 .
  • the document EP 1 239 079 A discloses a paper sheet of cellulose wadding having an embossed ply and a non-embossed ply so that the embossing protuberances are aligned and form an array of cells due in particular to a difference in ply length during gluing.
  • EP 1 319 748 A which describes a sheet of multiplied cellulose wadding, one of which has two sets of embossing patterns formed of different density protuberances.
  • Disclosure WO 99/36253 shows a sheet of absorbent paper whose embossing comprises microgauged zones juxtaposed to zones without embossing.
  • the present invention relates to a sheet comprising at least two superposed folds of absorbent paper, such as cellulose wadding, each having a basis weight of between 10 and 40 g / m 2 , of which at least one has been embossed so as to present on its outer face of the cavities corresponding to protuberances on its other side adjacent to the second fold, the first fold comprises first zones forming cells with first cavities, the cells being surrounded by second zones with second cavities.
  • the invention relates to such a product which combines thickness and softness to the touch.
  • the sheet is characterized in that the first zones are in relief on said outer face with respect to the second zones with a difference in level, and the first zones have an outline with a marking line.
  • the solution of the invention by the effect produced by the pads formed by the first zones, gives the product an impression of remarkable thickness.
  • this impression of thickness is confirmed by touch.
  • the protuberances corresponding to the cavities structure the surface of the first zones by offering resistance to crushing. This crush resistance confers volume to the sheet.
  • the presence of the second cavities further enhances the relief effect, in particular when these are at least partially aligned with the outline of the first zones.
  • the marking makes it possible both to reinforce the visual effect given by the zones in relief and their resistance to crushing.
  • the height of the first protuberances is at most equal to the height of the second protuberances, increased by the difference in level between the first and second zones.
  • the height is lower, so that the first zones in relief are avoided.
  • the product comprises third non-embossed zones between the different second zones which in contrast increase the impression of thickness.
  • the third zones may be embossed.
  • the first protuberances are of frustoconical shape, and at least a portion of the first zones comprises third protuberances of linear form.
  • the second fold superimposed on the first fold is not embossed.
  • the second ply is embossed. It may have protuberances arranged so that the two folds are in contact by the tops of the second protuberances. They can preferably be bonded through at least one glue deposit on the top of the second protuberances and / or on the top of the third cavities. In particular, the first protuberances are not glued.
  • the method of association may be of the tip-to-tip type or of the interlocking type of the protuberances, known as the nested, or the second fold may be embossed uniformly.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for the manufacture of a sheet. It comprises at least one hard-coated cylinder suitably etched so as to have first zones forming cells surrounded by second zones, the first zones comprising first pins and the second zones comprising second pins, the bottom of the etching of the first zones being at a level, measured with respect to the axis of the cylinder, smaller than that of the second zones.
  • the vertex of the first spikes is at a level lower than that of the peaks of the second spikes.
  • the transition surface between the first zones and the second zones is constituted, at less in part, frustoconical surface elements defining a so-called pinch edge.
  • the sheet shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a sheet consisting of two plies P1 and P2 of absorbent paper, for example creped cellulose wadding.
  • the basis weight of the paper is preferably between 10 and 40 g / m 2 .
  • the sheet comprises a first fold P1 embossed, said upper, and a second fold P2, said lower. According to this example, the second fold is not embossed.
  • the upper fold is, for example, of the type obtained according to a conventional wet pressing process which is usually referred to in the art as CWP or to a paper obtained by a process with drying of the sheet by passing air which is designated by TAD. .
  • the lower fold may be a CWP or TAD paper.
  • a method of making paper, CWP type consists of depositing the paper fibers suspended in water on a fabric to form a sheet. We drain the leaf and transfer it to a felt that will allow to apply it with a press against a drying cylinder. The sheet is peeled off and is creped by means of a doctor blade. It is finally reeled waiting for a transformation into a finished product.
  • Such a technique presented here in a summary way is said to be conventional.
  • This TAD technique makes it possible to obtain thicker sheets, with greater mass volume, than the so-called conventional technique.
  • the dots represent cavities or protuberances depending on the face of the fold that is observed.
  • the lines also represent cavities or protuberances depending on the face observed. Their shape is elongated. Some traits represent simple markings as we will see later.
  • the cavities / protuberances are obtained by deforming the sheet between a tool with a rigid surface such as an engraved steel cylinder, and a rubber counterpart for example.
  • the rigid surface of the cylinder has reliefs arranged in the pattern that is desired to obtain on the sheet of cellulose wadding.
  • the pins have a substantially trapezoidal profile in the direction of the height. If they are frustoconical, they have a cross section relative to their axis, circular, oval or polygonal.
  • each zone A 1 is surrounded by a second zone A 2 consisting of cavities aligned parallel to the marking line D. Between the different second zones A 2 , third zones A 3 can be distinguished from each other. embossed.
  • Some first zones, designated A ' 1 , comprise first cavities 12 and also third cavities 20 as visible in FIG.
  • the sheet is seen partially from above with the upper ply P 1 superimposed on the lower ply P 2 .
  • the embossing on the fold P 1 defines several zones A 1 , A 2 and A 3 .
  • the first zones A 1 are in relief with respect to the zones A 2 and A 3 . They comprise first protuberances 12 of generally frustoconical shape projecting inside the sheet. Each protuberance forms a cavity on the outer face of the fold P 1 .
  • the protuberances have a height which is at most equal to the distance separating the external face of the fold P 1 to P 2 . According to the embodiment of the figure, the height is lower.
  • Zone A 1 comprises between 30 and 100 protuberances per cm 2 , preferably between 30 and 60. Because of this high number of protuberances per unit area, the dimensions thereof are necessarily limited.
  • the overall height of these protuberances is between 0.3 mm and 1 mm.
  • the diameter of the flat at the top is here of the order of 0.4 mm.
  • the areas A 1 are bounded by an inclined wall 14 whose lower edge forms a line D of separation zone A 2 adjacent. This line is clearly visible because obtained by marking the sheet.
  • the fold P 1 preferably forms an internal edge along this line D.
  • second protuberances 18 arranged also projecting inside. of the sheet, towards the fold P 2 . These protuberances are here aligned in two parallel rows along the line D.
  • the second protuberances may be of the same dimensions as the first. They are in contact with the lower fold P 2 by their top. They provide the connection therewith, in particular a film of adhesive. Other connecting means between the two folds are possible, such as for example by knurling.
  • the second protuberances 18 do not occupy the entire surface between adjacent zones A 1 .
  • the plane of these zones A 2 and A 3 constitutes the plane P dit of reference.
  • the first zones A 1 are in relief with respect to this reference plane with a level difference N A.
  • zones A 1 There are also variants of the zones A 1 . These are the first zones A ' 1 . They may include third protuberances whose shape is not frustoconical. They have a so-called linear shape because their top has an elongated shape in the manner of a line. In the embodiment of Figure 1, they represent the drawing of flowers.
  • these third protuberances 20 have a height sufficient to come into contact with the fold P 2 . In order to stabilize the volume, the two folds are also linked via their apex.
  • FIG. 3 a machine as shown in FIG. 3 is preferably used.
  • This machine comprises a first rotary cylinder 100, made of steel or other rigid material, suitably etched on the surface according to the pattern which makes it possible to produce embossing whose pattern is shown in Figure 1.
  • a rubber cylinder 110 is rotatably mounted on an axis parallel to the first. It presses on the cylinder by means of appropriate cylinders not shown.
  • a first strip of paper is guided, from an upstream reel, around the cylinder 110 and between the two cylinders 100 and 110.
  • the sheet then marries the relief of the cylinder 100 by the pressure of the rubber. Depending on the pressure of the jacks and the nature of the rubber, the paper penetrates more or less deeply into the engraved pattern.
  • the delicacy of it is also a parameter that must be taken into account.
  • the sheet plated on the cylinder 100 then passes a glue 104 which applies glue on the top of the elements in relief.
  • the glue is here a cylinder with a rigid surface which receives glue from a chamber with doctor blade for example.
  • a second strip of paper from a second reel for example is deposited against the first strip by a marrying cylinder 106.
  • the film of glue on the first sheet P 1 migrates in part on the parts of the second strip P 2 which come into contact with the relief parts of the band P 1 .
  • the two plies are thus linked together by these surfaces in contact.
  • the two-ply sheet is then rolled for further processing.
  • the roll 106 may be replaced by a second embossing unit and the folds may be combined in point-to-point or in nested mode with a marrying roll as is known to those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 4 shows a portion in section of the surface of the cylinder 100. It is the image of the fold P1 of FIG. 2.
  • the cylinder comprises an etching here at three levels. The levels are defined relative to the axis of rotation of the cylinder.
  • a reference level N is defined for the reference surface. In the figure, there is distinguished from this level N, a lower level Ni and a higher level Ns.
  • the upper level Ns is that of the surface forming the outer shell of the cylinder.
  • the level Ni is that of the surface at the bottom of the engraving of the zones A1 or A'1.
  • the pins 112 have a height such that their vertex is at the reference level N. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide pins of different height. This height may be lower and the vertex of the spikes is then at a level lower than N. It may be greater but then the spikes are at a level less than or equal to the level Ns.
  • the pins 112 are disposed in recesses hollowed on the cylinder defining the zones A1. These cavities are bordered by a wall 114 which intersects the level reference surface N, along lines forming an edge D A. Along this edge, the tangent to the wall 114 makes an angle of between 20 and 50 ° relative to the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. Preferably, the angle is between 25 and 35 °.
  • zones A1 there are pins 118 projecting on the reference surface of level N.
  • the vertex of the pins 118 is at the level Ns.
  • These second pins define second zones A2.
  • the surface portions formed between the different zones A2 are not etched, they are at the level N. They constitute the third zones A3.
  • third barbs 120 are also shown in the figure, in A'1 cavities forming variants of the first areas, third barbs 120 of non-frustoconical shape but whose apex is elongated.
  • the dimensional parameters are as follows:
  • N-Ni ie the depth of the cavities of the etching which correspond to the first areas A1 embossed after embossing, is between 0.1 and 1.3mm.
  • the embossing of the fold P1 leads to A1 zones having a level difference N A with the reference plane.
  • the difference in Ns-Ni levels is between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm.
  • the height of the pins 112 is between 0.1 mm and Ns-Ni.
  • Preferably the height of the pins is between 0.5 and 0.9 with a difference of Ns-Ni level greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the height of the pins 120 inside the zones A '1 is preferably between 0.1 mm and Ns-Ni. Preferably, it is equal to Ns-Ni, in particular so that the corresponding protuberances on the paper form zones of connection with the adjacent fold.
  • FIG. 5 a sheet is shown, in cross-section: the ply P1 is embossed as described above while the ply P2 is smooth. Such a sheet has a maximum thickness h.
  • FIG. 6 shows, in cross-section, another embodiment of the invention according to which the two plies P1 and P2 each have a different embossing.
  • the embossing made on the first ply P1 is almost identical to that described above while that of the second ply P2 is as visible in Figure 5.
  • the embossing of the second ply P2 and its arrangement vis-à-vis of the first ply are such that the micro-embossings present inside each cell defined by the marking line D are arranged facing each other, that is to say in point-to-point contact with the corresponding micro-embossing of the first ply P1; in other words the first cavities 12 are disposed opposite cavities 12 'of the second fold P2.
  • the vertices of the second cavities 18 of the first ply are provided with glue and thus serve as points of connection with the second ply P2; at this point the fold P2 is smooth.
  • an identical pitch may be provided for the micro-embossings of each of the plies.
  • the micro-embossings made inside each of the cells delimited by the contours D may have different steps.
  • the embossing cylinder of the second ply is engraved in hollow in order to arrive at the aforementioned provision.
  • This arrangement leads to a sheet whose relief is even more marked than that of the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the distance H from vertex to vertex that is to say the thickness is greater than the distance h (thickness) measured on a sheet made according to FIG. 2 for example.
  • one of the plies may have an embossing close to that of FIG. 1; the difference consisting in the addition of cavities (or protuberances) A 4 between the second zones A 2 .
  • Said cavities may be in the form of continuous lines as shown in FIG. 8, or possibly point alignments.
  • these linear cavities represent bonding points between the plies, preferably uniformly distributed over the entire embossing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des produits à usage sanitaire ou domestique réalisés avec des feuilles de papier absorbant tel que l'ouate de cellulose.The present invention relates to the field of products for sanitary or domestic use made with sheets of absorbent paper such as cellulose wadding.

L'invention vise en particulier une feuille constituée d'au moins un pli gaufré pour un usage comme papier toilette essentiellement mais aussi comme mouchoir, serviette de table ou éventuellement d'essuie-tout. Dans l'industrie des papiers à usage sanitaire ou domestique, on utilise pour la réalisation de ce type de produits, un papier absorbant généralement crêpé, de faible grammage, l'ouate de cellulose, désigné aussi tissu ouaté. La capacité d'allongement conférée par le crêpage permet de gaufrer la feuille. Cette opération consiste à déformer celle-ci de façon permanente entre un cylindre rigide pourvu de reliefs ou picots en surface et un contre-cylindre, par exemple à revêtement résilient. On augmente ainsi l'épaisseur apparente de la feuille par les protubérances sur une face. A ces protubérances correspondent des cavités sur l'autre face.The invention aims in particular a sheet consisting of at least one embossed fold for use as toilet paper essentially but also as a tissue, napkin or paper towels. In the paper industry for sanitary or domestic use, is used for the production of this type of paper, absorbent paper generally creped, low weight, cellulose wadding, also known as wadded fabric. The elongation capacity imparted by the creping makes it possible to emboss the sheet. This operation consists in deforming it permanently between a rigid cylinder provided with reliefs or pins on the surface and a counter-cylinder, for example with resilient coating. This increases the apparent thickness of the sheet by the protuberances on one side. To these protuberances correspond cavities on the other side.

On cherche à rendre les produits en ouate de cellulose plus doux et plus moelleux en travaillant leurs caractéristiques d'épaisseur et de résistance par cette opération de gaufrage. Celui-ci permet en outre d'améliorer l'attrait visuel du produit par un choix judicieux du motif de gaufrage. On procède au gaufrage dans la présente invention sur du papier à faible taux d'humidité, au cours d'une étape de transformation de la feuille de papier en aval de la machine à papier.It is sought to make the products in cellulose wadding softer and softer by working their characteristics of thickness and strength by this embossing operation. This also makes it possible to improve the visual appeal of the product by a judicious choice of the embossing pattern. Embossing in the present invention is done on low moisture paper during a step of converting the paper sheet downstream of the paper machine.

Les motifs de gaufrage sont constitués le plus souvent de protubérances élémentaires de faible section transversale et de forme géométrique simple. Un exemple est décrit dans le brevet US 3 414 459 qui porte sur une feuille composée de plusieurs plis superposés et collés ensemble. Les plis ont été gaufrés avec une fréquence de répartition et une hauteur des protubérances adaptées à la réalisation des produits absorbant l'eau, tel qu'un essuie-tout. Le nombre d'éléments va de 5 à 30 par cm2.The embossing patterns consist mostly of elementary protuberances of small cross section and simple geometric shape. An example is described in the patent US 3,414,459 which is on a sheet composed of several folds superimposed and glued together. The plies were embossed with a frequency of distribution and a height of the protuberances adapted to the production of water absorbing products, such as a paper towel. The number of elements ranges from 5 to 30 per cm 2 .

La demanderesse a développé, pour du papier toilette notamment, des motifs dont le nombre d'éléments est supérieur, allant de 30 à 80 ou plus par cm2. Ces derniers éléments ont nécessairement une surface élémentaire au sommet très faible. Elle est inférieure à 1 mm2. On obtient pour ces dernières réalisations un aspect qui imite celui d'un produit tissé. On en a décrit un exemple dans le brevet EP 0 426 548 au nom de la demanderesse. Ce type de gaufrage fin et dense est bien adapté pour induire un effet d'épaisseur à la feuille.The applicant has developed, for toilet paper in particular, patterns whose number of elements is greater, ranging from 30 to 80 or more per cm 2 . These last elements necessarily have an elementary surface at the very low summit. It is less than 1 mm 2 . For these last embodiments, an aspect is obtained which mimics that of a woven product. An example has been described in the patent EP 0 426 548 in the name of Applicant. This type of fine and dense embossing is well suited to induce a thick effect on the sheet.

Toutefois, il présente un attrait visuel limité. En outre, la douceur au toucher n'est pas optimale.However, it has a limited visual appeal. In addition, the softness to the touch is not optimal.

La solution présentée dans le brevet EP 797 705 consiste à réaliser un motif combiné, comprenant un motif graphique et un motif de fond. Le premier est composé de protubérances dont la forme est dite linéaire. Celles-ci ont une forme allongée, curviligne, avec une largeur comprise entre 0,1 et 2 mm. Le second motif comprend des petites protubérances, généralement tronconiques, réparties à raison d'au moins 30 par cm2. Cette solution permet un choix large de motifs tout en offrant un bon compromis entre douceur et épaisseur de feuille.The solution presented in the patent EP 797 705 consists in producing a combined pattern, comprising a graphic pattern and a background pattern. The first is composed of protuberances whose shape is called linear. These have an elongated, curvilinear shape with a width of between 0.1 and 2 mm. The second pattern comprises small protuberances, generally frustoconical, distributed at a rate of at least 30 per cm 2 . This solution allows a wide choice of patterns while offering a good compromise between softness and sheet thickness.

Par ailleurs, le document EP 1 239 079 A décrit une feuille de papier en ouate de cellulose ayant un pli gaufré et un pli non gaufré de telle sorte que les protubérances du gaufrage sont alignés et forment un réseau de cellules grâce notamment à une différence de longueur des plis lors du collage.In addition, the document EP 1 239 079 A discloses a paper sheet of cellulose wadding having an embossed ply and a non-embossed ply so that the embossing protuberances are aligned and form an array of cells due in particular to a difference in ply length during gluing.

On connaît aussi le document EP 1 319 748 A qui décrit une feuille en ouate de cellulose multiplis dont l'un des plis présente deux séries de motifs de gaufrage formés de protubérances de densité différentes.The document is also known EP 1 319 748 A which describes a sheet of multiplied cellulose wadding, one of which has two sets of embossing patterns formed of different density protuberances.

La divulgation WO 99/36253 montre une feuille de papier absorbant dont le gaufrage comprend des zones microgaufrées juxtaposées à des zones sans gaufrage.Disclosure WO 99/36253 shows a sheet of absorbent paper whose embossing comprises microgauged zones juxtaposed to zones without embossing.

La présente invention concerne une feuille comprenant au moins deux plis superposés de papier absorbant, tel que l'ouate de cellulose, chacun de grammage compris entre 10 et 40 g/m2, dont au moins un premier a été gaufré de manière à présenter sur sa face externe des cavités correspondant à des protubérances sur son autre face adjacente au second pli, le premier pli comprend des premières zones formant des cellules avec des premières cavités, les cellules étant entourées par des secondes zones avec des secondes cavités.The present invention relates to a sheet comprising at least two superposed folds of absorbent paper, such as cellulose wadding, each having a basis weight of between 10 and 40 g / m 2 , of which at least one has been embossed so as to present on its outer face of the cavities corresponding to protuberances on its other side adjacent to the second fold, the first fold comprises first zones forming cells with first cavities, the cells being surrounded by second zones with second cavities.

L'invention a pour objet un tel produit qui allie épaisseur et douceur au toucher.The invention relates to such a product which combines thickness and softness to the touch.

Conformément à l'invention la feuille est caractérisée par le fait que les premières zones sont en relief sur la dite face externe par rapport aux secondes zones avec une différence de niveau, et les premières zones présentent un contour avec une ligne de marquage.According to the invention, the sheet is characterized in that the first zones are in relief on said outer face with respect to the second zones with a difference in level, and the first zones have an outline with a marking line.

La solution de l'invention, par l'effet produit par les coussinets formés par les premières zones, donne au produit une impression d'épaisseur remarquable. En outre par les cavités des premières zones, cette impression d'épaisseur est confirmée au toucher. En effet les protubérances correspondant aux cavités structurent la surface des premières zones en offrant une résistance à l'écrasement. Cette résistance à l'écrasement confère du volume à la feuille. Par ailleurs la présence des secondes cavités renforce encore l'effet de relief, en particulier lorsque celles-ci sont au moins en partie alignées avec le contour des premières zones. Enfin le marquage permet à la fois de renforcer l'effet visuel donné par les zones en relief et leur résistance à l'écrasement.The solution of the invention, by the effect produced by the pads formed by the first zones, gives the product an impression of remarkable thickness. In addition to the cavities of the first zones, this impression of thickness is confirmed by touch. In fact, the protuberances corresponding to the cavities structure the surface of the first zones by offering resistance to crushing. This crush resistance confers volume to the sheet. Moreover, the presence of the second cavities further enhances the relief effect, in particular when these are at least partially aligned with the outline of the first zones. Finally, the marking makes it possible both to reinforce the visual effect given by the zones in relief and their resistance to crushing.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique, la hauteur des premières protubérances est au plus égale à la hauteur des secondes protubérances, augmentée de la différence de niveau entre les premières et les secondes zones. De préférence la hauteur est plus faible, on évite alors un affaissement des premières zones en relief.According to another characteristic, the height of the first protuberances is at most equal to the height of the second protuberances, increased by the difference in level between the first and second zones. Preferably, the height is lower, so that the first zones in relief are avoided.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique le produit comprend des troisièmes zones non gaufrées entre les différentes secondes zones qui par contraste augmentent l'impression d'épaisseur.According to another characteristic, the product comprises third non-embossed zones between the different second zones which in contrast increase the impression of thickness.

Cependant, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, les troisièmes zones (entre les différentes secondes zones) peuvent être gaufrées.However, without departing from the scope of the invention, the third zones (between the different second zones) may be embossed.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique, les premières protubérances sont de forme tronconique, et au moins une partie des premières zones comporte des troisièmes protubérances de forme linéaire.According to another characteristic, the first protuberances are of frustoconical shape, and at least a portion of the first zones comprises third protuberances of linear form.

Conformément à un mode de réalisation, le second pli superposé au premier pli n'est pas gaufré.According to one embodiment, the second fold superimposed on the first fold is not embossed.

Conformément à un autre mode de réalisation, le second pli est gaufré. Il peut présenter des protubérances disposées de telle sorte que les deux plis sont en contact par les sommets des secondes protubérances. Ils peuvent de préférence être liés par l'intermédiaire au moins d'un dépôt de colle sur le sommet des secondes protubérances et/ou sur le sommet des troisièmes cavités. En particulier les premières protubérances ne sont pas collées. A titre d'exemple non limitatif le mode d'association peut être de type pointe contre pointe ou bien de type à emboîtement des protubérances, connu sous le nom de nested ou bien encore le second pli être gaufré uniformément.According to another embodiment, the second ply is embossed. It may have protuberances arranged so that the two folds are in contact by the tops of the second protuberances. They can preferably be bonded through at least one glue deposit on the top of the second protuberances and / or on the top of the third cavities. In particular, the first protuberances are not glued. By way of non-limiting example, the method of association may be of the tip-to-tip type or of the interlocking type of the protuberances, known as the nested, or the second fold may be embossed uniformly.

La présente invention porte aussi sur un dispositif pour la fabrication d'une feuille. Il comprend au moins un cylindre à revêtement rigide convenablement gravé de manière à présenter des premières zones formant des cellules entourées par des secondes zones, les premières zones comprenant des premiers picots et les secondes zones comprenant des seconds picots, le fond de la gravure des premières zones étant à un niveau, mesuré par rapport à l'axe du cylindre, inférieur à celui des secondes zones.The present invention also relates to a device for the manufacture of a sheet. It comprises at least one hard-coated cylinder suitably etched so as to have first zones forming cells surrounded by second zones, the first zones comprising first pins and the second zones comprising second pins, the bottom of the etching of the first zones being at a level, measured with respect to the axis of the cylinder, smaller than that of the second zones.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le sommet des premiers picots est à un niveau inférieur à celui des sommets des seconds picots.According to a particular embodiment, the vertex of the first spikes is at a level lower than that of the peaks of the second spikes.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse, la surface de transition entre les premières zones et les secondes zones est constituée, au moins en partie, d'éléments de surface tronconique définissant une arête dite de pincement. Par cette disposition on marque le contour des premières zones qui ressortent avec contraste par rapport aux secondes et troisièmes zones. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré le contour forme un périmètre fermé.According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, the transition surface between the first zones and the second zones is constituted, at less in part, frustoconical surface elements defining a so-called pinch edge. By this arrangement we mark the outline of the first zones which stand out in contrast with the second and third zones. According to a preferred embodiment, the contour forms a closed perimeter.

On décrit maintenant un mode de réalisation de l'invention en référence aux dessins sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue de dessus d'une feuille gaufrée conformément à un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective, en coupe partielle de la feuille selon la ligne II II de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue d'une machine de gaufrage permettant de réaliser le produit de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 montre le détail d'un cylindre gravé selon le motif de l'invention.
  • la figure 5 est une coupe transversale d'une feuille selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe transversale d'une feuille selon encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 7A et 7B représentent respectivement le recto et le verso d'une feuille selon un mode de réalisation conforme à celui de la figure 6 ; et
  • la figure 8 illustre un gaufrage caractéristique d'un mode de réalisation additionnel.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a view from above of an embossed sheet according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view, partially in section, of the sheet along line II II of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a view of an embossing machine making it possible to produce the product of the invention,
  • Figure 4 shows the detail of a cylinder engraved according to the pattern of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-section of a sheet according to another embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 6 is a cross section of a sheet according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B respectively represent the front and the back of a sheet according to an embodiment in accordance with that of FIG. 6; and
  • Figure 8 illustrates a characteristic embossing of an additional embodiment.

La feuille représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 est une feuille constituée de deux plis P1 et P2 de papier absorbant, par exemple d'ouate de cellulose crêpée. Le grammage du papier est compris de préférence entre 10 et 40g/m2. La feuille comprend un premier pli P1 gaufré, dit supérieur, et un second pli P2, dit inférieur. Selon cet exemple, le second pli n'est pas gaufré. Le pli supérieur est par exemple du type obtenu selon un procédé de pressage conventionnel humide que l'on désigne habituellement dans le domaine par CWP ou bien un papier obtenu selon un procédé avec séchage de la feuille par air traversant que l'on désigne par TAD. Le pli inférieur peut être un papier CWP ou TAD.The sheet shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a sheet consisting of two plies P1 and P2 of absorbent paper, for example creped cellulose wadding. The basis weight of the paper is preferably between 10 and 40 g / m 2 . The sheet comprises a first fold P1 embossed, said upper, and a second fold P2, said lower. According to this example, the second fold is not embossed. The upper fold is, for example, of the type obtained according to a conventional wet pressing process which is usually referred to in the art as CWP or to a paper obtained by a process with drying of the sheet by passing air which is designated by TAD. . The lower fold may be a CWP or TAD paper.

Un procédé de fabrication du papier, de type CWP consiste à déposer les fibres papetières en suspension dans l'eau sur une toile pour former une feuille. On égoutte la feuille puis on la transfère sur un feutre qui va permettre de l'appliquer avec une presse contre un cylindre de séchage. La feuille en est décollée et est crêpée au moyen d'une lame formant racle. Elle est enfin mise en bobine en attente d'une transformation en produit fini. Une telle technique présentée ici de façon sommaire est dite conventionnelle.A method of making paper, CWP type consists of depositing the paper fibers suspended in water on a fabric to form a sheet. We drain the leaf and transfer it to a felt that will allow to apply it with a press against a drying cylinder. The sheet is peeled off and is creped by means of a doctor blade. It is finally reeled waiting for a transformation into a finished product. Such a technique presented here in a summary way is said to be conventional.

Une technique de type TAD consiste après égouttage à sécher la feuille sans exercer de pression, en partie au moins, jusqu'à une siccité suffisante pour figer les fibres au sein de la feuille. Le cas échéant, on termine le séchage par application de la feuille sur un cylindre chauffé. Grâce à ce premier séchage on peut presser la feuille sur un cylindre chauffé ; elle conserve une partie de son volume. Ce cylindre permet en outre son crêpage. On réalise le séchage sans pression en soufflant de l'air chaud au travers de la feuille après son égouttage. Cette technique TAD permet d'obtenir des feuilles plus épaisses, de plus grand volume massique, que la technique dite conventionnelle.A technique of TAD type after draining to dry the sheet without exerting pressure, at least in part, to a sufficient dryness to freeze the fibers within the sheet. If necessary, the drying is completed by applying the sheet to a heated cylinder. Thanks to this first drying, the sheet can be pressed on a heated cylinder; it retains part of its volume. This cylinder also allows its creping. The drying is carried out without pressure by blowing hot air through the sheet after draining. This TAD technique makes it possible to obtain thicker sheets, with greater mass volume, than the so-called conventional technique.

En se reportant à la figure 1, on voit une combinaison de points et de traits. Les points représentent des cavités ou des protubérances selon la face du pli que l'on observe. Les traits représentent également des cavités ou des protubérances selon la face observée. Leur forme est allongée. Certains traits représentent de simples marquages comme on le verra plus loin. On obtient les cavités/protubérances en déformant la feuille entre un outil à surface rigide tel qu'un cylindre gravé en acier, et une contrepartie en caoutchouc par exemple. La surface rigide du cylindre présente des reliefs disposés selon le motif que l'on souhaite obtenir sur la feuille d'ouate de cellulose. Les picots ont un profil sensiblement trapézoïdal dans le sens de la hauteur. S'ils sont tronconiques, ils ont une section transversale par rapport à leur axe, circulaire, ovale ou polygonale.Referring to Figure 1, we see a combination of dots and lines. The dots represent cavities or protuberances depending on the face of the fold that is observed. The lines also represent cavities or protuberances depending on the face observed. Their shape is elongated. Some traits represent simple markings as we will see later. The cavities / protuberances are obtained by deforming the sheet between a tool with a rigid surface such as an engraved steel cylinder, and a rubber counterpart for example. The rigid surface of the cylinder has reliefs arranged in the pattern that is desired to obtain on the sheet of cellulose wadding. The pins have a substantially trapezoidal profile in the direction of the height. If they are frustoconical, they have a cross section relative to their axis, circular, oval or polygonal.

Sur la figure 1, considérant qu'il s'agit de la face externe de la feuille, on voit les cavités 12 réparties à l'intérieur de premières zones A1. Les zones A1 sont elles-mêmes régulièrement réparties ici sur toute la surface de la feuille selon un motif à pas constant dans deux directions perpendiculaires l'une par rapport à l'autre. Une des directions est légèrement inclinée par rapport au sens machine représenté par la direction L et qui correspond à la direction de défilement de la feuille lors de sa fabrication. Chaque zone A1 est délimitée par une ligne continue D obtenue par marquage de la feuille, comme cela sera expliqué plus loin.In Figure 1, considering that it is the outer face of the sheet, we see the cavities 12 distributed within first zones A 1 . The zones A 1 are themselves regularly distributed here over the entire surface of the sheet in a pattern with a constant pitch in two directions perpendicular to each other. One of the directions is slightly inclined with respect to the machine direction represented by the direction L and which corresponds to the direction of travel of the sheet during its manufacture. Each zone A 1 is delimited by a continuous line D obtained by marking the sheet, as will be explained later.

En dehors de la ligne de marquage D, chaque zone A1 est entourée d'une seconde zone A2 constituée de cavités alignées parallèlement à la ligne de marquage D. Entre les différentes secondes zones A2, on distingue des troisièmes zones A3 non gaufrées.Outside the marking line D, each zone A 1 is surrounded by a second zone A 2 consisting of cavities aligned parallel to the marking line D. Between the different second zones A 2 , third zones A 3 can be distinguished from each other. embossed.

Certaines premières zones, désignées A'1, comprennent des premières cavités 12 et aussi des troisièmes cavités 20 telles que visibles sur la figure 2.Some first zones, designated A ' 1 , comprise first cavities 12 and also third cavities 20 as visible in FIG.

En se reportant à la figure 2, on voit les différentes zones représentées en coupe, plus en détail. On voit la feuille partiellement par le dessus avec le pli P1 supérieur superposé au pli P2 inférieur. Le gaufrage sur le pli P1 définit plusieurs zones A1, A2 et A3. Les premières zones A1 sont en relief par rapport aux zones A2 et A3. Elles comprennent des premières protubérances 12 de forme générale tronconique faisant saillie à l'intérieur de la feuille. Chaque protubérance forme une cavité sur la face externe du pli P1. Dans les zones A1, les protubérances ont une hauteur qui est au plus égale à la distance séparant la face externe du pli P1 à P2. Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure, la hauteur est plus faible. Elle correspond sensiblement à la hauteur de la zone A1 par rapport au plan de référence formé par les zones A2 et A3. La zone A1 comprend entre 30 et 100 protubérances par cm2, de préférence entre 30 et 60. En raison de ce nombre élevé de protubérances par unité de surface, les dimensions de celles-ci sont nécessairement limitées. La hauteur hors tout de ces protubérances est comprise entre 0,3 mm et 1 mm. Le diamètre du méplat au sommet est ici de l'ordre de 0,4 mm.Referring to Figure 2, we see the different areas shown in section, in more detail. The sheet is seen partially from above with the upper ply P 1 superimposed on the lower ply P 2 . The embossing on the fold P 1 defines several zones A 1 , A 2 and A 3 . The first zones A 1 are in relief with respect to the zones A 2 and A 3 . They comprise first protuberances 12 of generally frustoconical shape projecting inside the sheet. Each protuberance forms a cavity on the outer face of the fold P 1 . In the zones A 1 , the protuberances have a height which is at most equal to the distance separating the external face of the fold P 1 to P 2 . According to the embodiment of the figure, the height is lower. It corresponds substantially to the height of the zone A 1 with respect to the reference plane formed by the zones A 2 and A 3 . Zone A 1 comprises between 30 and 100 protuberances per cm 2 , preferably between 30 and 60. Because of this high number of protuberances per unit area, the dimensions thereof are necessarily limited. The overall height of these protuberances is between 0.3 mm and 1 mm. The diameter of the flat at the top is here of the order of 0.4 mm.

Les zones A1 sont délimitées par une paroi inclinée 14 dont le bord inférieur forme une ligne D de séparation avec la zone A2 adjacente. Cette ligne est bien visible car obtenue par marquage de la feuille. Le pli P1 forme de préférence une arête interne le long de cette ligne D. En bordure, à l'extérieur des zones A1 et le long de cette ligne D, on trouve des secondes protubérances 18 disposées en saillie également à l'intérieur de la feuille, vers le pli P2. Ces protubérances sont ici alignées en deux rangées parallèles le long de la ligne D. Les secondes protubérances peuvent être de mêmes dimensions que les premières. Elles sont au contact du pli inférieur P2 par leur sommet. Elles assurent la liaison avec celui-ci par l'intermédiaire en particulier d'une pellicule d'adhésif. D'autres moyens de liaison entre les deux plis sont possibles, tel que par exemple par moletage.The areas A 1 are bounded by an inclined wall 14 whose lower edge forms a line D of separation zone A 2 adjacent. This line is clearly visible because obtained by marking the sheet. The fold P 1 preferably forms an internal edge along this line D. At the edge, outside the zones A 1 and along this line D, there are second protuberances 18 arranged also projecting inside. of the sheet, towards the fold P 2 . These protuberances are here aligned in two parallel rows along the line D. The second protuberances may be of the same dimensions as the first. They are in contact with the lower fold P 2 by their top. They provide the connection therewith, in particular a film of adhesive. Other connecting means between the two folds are possible, such as for example by knurling.

Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, toute liaison mécanique est envisageable.Without departing from the scope of the invention, any mechanical connection is conceivable.

On observe que les deuxièmes protubérances 18 n'occupent pas toute la surface entre les zones A1 adjacentes. On délimite ainsi des troisièmes zones A3 qui ne sont pas gaufrées. Le plan de ces zones A2 et A3 constitue le plan P dit de référence. Les premières zones A1 sont en relief par rapport à ce plan de référence avec une différence de niveau NA.It is observed that the second protuberances 18 do not occupy the entire surface between adjacent zones A 1 . Thus delimits third zones A 3 which are not embossed. The plane of these zones A 2 and A 3 constitutes the plane P dit of reference. The first zones A 1 are in relief with respect to this reference plane with a level difference N A.

On distingue aussi des variantes des zones A1. Il s'agit des premières zones A'1. Elles peuvent comprendre des troisièmes protubérances dont la forme n'est pas tronconique. Elles ont une forme dite linéaire car leur sommet a une forme allongée à la manière d'un trait. Sur le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, elles représentent le dessin de fleurs. Avantageusement, ces troisièmes protubérances 20 ont une hauteur suffisante pour venir au contact du pli P2. Afin de stabiliser le volume, on lie également les deux plis par l'intermédiaire de leur sommet.There are also variants of the zones A 1 . These are the first zones A ' 1 . They may include third protuberances whose shape is not frustoconical. They have a so-called linear shape because their top has an elongated shape in the manner of a line. In the embodiment of Figure 1, they represent the drawing of flowers. Advantageously, these third protuberances 20 have a height sufficient to come into contact with the fold P 2 . In order to stabilize the volume, the two folds are also linked via their apex.

Pour réaliser la feuille décrite ci-dessus, on utilise de préférence une machine telle que représentée sur la figure 3. Cette machine comprend un premier cylindre 100 rotatif, en acier ou autre matériau rigide, convenablement gravé en surface selon le motif qui permet de réaliser le gaufrage dont le motif est représenté sur la figure 1. Un cylindre en caoutchouc 110 est monté rotatif sur un axe parallèle au premier. Il appuie sur le cylindre par le moyen de vérins appropriés non représentés. Une première bande de papier est guidée, depuis un dévidoir amont, autour du cylindre 110 puis entre les deux cylindres 100 et 110. La feuille épouse alors le relief du cylindre 100 par la pression du caoutchouc. Selon la pression des vérins et la nature du caoutchouc, le papier pénètre plus ou moins profondément à l'intérieur du motif gravé. La finesse de celui-ci est également un paramètre dont il faut tenir compte. La feuille plaquée sur le cylindre 100 passe ensuite devant un encolleur 104 qui applique de la colle sur le sommet des éléments en relief. L'encolleur est ici un cylindre à surface rigide qui reçoit la colle d'une chambre à racle par exemple.To produce the sheet described above, a machine as shown in FIG. 3 is preferably used. This machine comprises a first rotary cylinder 100, made of steel or other rigid material, suitably etched on the surface according to the pattern which makes it possible to produce embossing whose pattern is shown in Figure 1. A rubber cylinder 110 is rotatably mounted on an axis parallel to the first. It presses on the cylinder by means of appropriate cylinders not shown. A first strip of paper is guided, from an upstream reel, around the cylinder 110 and between the two cylinders 100 and 110. The sheet then marries the relief of the cylinder 100 by the pressure of the rubber. Depending on the pressure of the jacks and the nature of the rubber, the paper penetrates more or less deeply into the engraved pattern. The delicacy of it is also a parameter that must be taken into account. The sheet plated on the cylinder 100 then passes a glue 104 which applies glue on the top of the elements in relief. The glue is here a cylinder with a rigid surface which receives glue from a chamber with doctor blade for example.

Une deuxième bande de papier issue d'un deuxième dévidoir par exemple est déposée contre la première bande par un cylindre marieur 106. La pellicule de colle sur la première feuille P1 migre en partie sur les parties de la seconde bande P2 qui viennent en contact avec les parties en relief de la bande P1. Les deux plis sont ainsi liés entre eux par ces surfaces en contact. La feuille à deux plis est ensuite mise en rouleau pour un traitement ultérieur.A second strip of paper from a second reel for example is deposited against the first strip by a marrying cylinder 106. The film of glue on the first sheet P 1 migrates in part on the parts of the second strip P 2 which come into contact with the relief parts of the band P 1 . The two plies are thus linked together by these surfaces in contact. The two-ply sheet is then rolled for further processing.

D'autres procédés que celui-ci peuvent être appliqués, selon le produit que l'on souhaite obtenir. On peut remplacer par exemple le rouleau 106 par une deuxième unité de gaufrage et associer les plis en mode pointe contre pointe ou bien en mode nested avec un cylindre marieur comme cela est connu de l'homme de l'art.Other methods than this may be applied, depending on the product that is desired. For example, the roll 106 may be replaced by a second embossing unit and the folds may be combined in point-to-point or in nested mode with a marrying roll as is known to those skilled in the art.

On a représenté sur la figure 4, une portion en coupe de la surface du cylindre 100. Elle est l'image du pli P1 de la figure 2. Le cylindre comprend une gravure ici à trois niveaux. Les niveaux sont définis par rapport à l'axe de rotation du cylindre. On définit un niveau de référence N pour la surface de référence. Sur la figure, on distingue par rapport à ce niveau N, un niveau inférieur Ni et un niveau supérieur Ns. Le niveau supérieur Ns est celui de la surface formant l'enveloppe hors tout du cylindre. Le niveau Ni est celui de la surface au fond de la gravure des zones A1 ou A'1. On observe des premiers picots 112, de forme tronconique, qui sont en saillie par rapport au fond de gravure de niveau Ni. Dans l'exemple représenté, les picots 112 ont une hauteur telle que leur sommet est au niveau de référence N. Cependant il entre également dans le cadre de l'invention de prévoir des picots de hauteur différente. Cette hauteur peut être inférieure et le sommet des picots est alors à un niveau inférieur à N. Elle peut être supérieure mais alors les picots sont à un niveau inférieur ou égal au niveau Ns. Les picots 112 sont disposés dans des cavités creusées sur le cylindre définissant les zones A1. Ces cavités sont bordées par une paroi 114 qui coupe la surface de référence de niveau N, le long de lignes formant une arête DA. Le long de cette arête, la tangente à la paroi 114 fait un angle compris entre 20 et 50° par rapport à la direction perpendiculaire à l'axe du cylindre. De préférence, l'angle est compris entre 25 et 35°.FIG. 4 shows a portion in section of the surface of the cylinder 100. It is the image of the fold P1 of FIG. 2. The cylinder comprises an etching here at three levels. The levels are defined relative to the axis of rotation of the cylinder. A reference level N is defined for the reference surface. In the figure, there is distinguished from this level N, a lower level Ni and a higher level Ns. The upper level Ns is that of the surface forming the outer shell of the cylinder. The level Ni is that of the surface at the bottom of the engraving of the zones A1 or A'1. There are first pins 112 of frustoconical shape, which project from the level of etching background Ni. In the example shown, the pins 112 have a height such that their vertex is at the reference level N. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide pins of different height. This height may be lower and the vertex of the spikes is then at a level lower than N. It may be greater but then the spikes are at a level less than or equal to the level Ns. The pins 112 are disposed in recesses hollowed on the cylinder defining the zones A1. These cavities are bordered by a wall 114 which intersects the level reference surface N, along lines forming an edge D A. Along this edge, the tangent to the wall 114 makes an angle of between 20 and 50 ° relative to the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. Preferably, the angle is between 25 and 35 °.

Entre les zones A1, on distingue des picots 118 en saillie sur la surface de référence de niveau N. Le sommet des picots 118 est au niveau Ns. Ces deuxièmes picots définissent des secondes zones A2. Les portions de surface ménagées entre les différentes zones A2 ne sont pas gravées, elles sont au niveau N. Elles constituent les troisièmes zones A3. On a représenté aussi sur la figure, dans des cavités A'1 formant des variantes de premières zones, des troisièmes picots 120 de forme non tronconique mais dont le sommet est de forme allongée.Between the zones A1, there are pins 118 projecting on the reference surface of level N. The vertex of the pins 118 is at the level Ns. These second pins define second zones A2. The surface portions formed between the different zones A2 are not etched, they are at the level N. They constitute the third zones A3. Also shown in the figure, in A'1 cavities forming variants of the first areas, third barbs 120 of non-frustoconical shape but whose apex is elongated.

Pour la réalisation d'un gaufrage selon l'invention, les paramètres dimensionnels sont les suivants :For embossing according to the invention, the dimensional parameters are as follows:

N-Ni, soit la profondeur des cavités de la gravure qui correspondent aux premières zones A1 en relief après gaufrage, est compris entre 0,1 et 1,3mm. Le gaufrage du pli P1 conduit à des zones A1 présentant une différence de niveau NA avec le plan de référence.N-Ni, ie the depth of the cavities of the etching which correspond to the first areas A1 embossed after embossing, is between 0.1 and 1.3mm. The embossing of the fold P1 leads to A1 zones having a level difference N A with the reference plane.

La différence de niveaux Ns-Ni est comprise entre 0,2 mm et 2,0 mm.The difference in Ns-Ni levels is between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm.

La hauteur des picots 112 est comprise entre 0,1 mm et Ns-Ni. De préférence la hauteur des picots est comprise entre 0,5 et 0,9 avec une différence de niveau Ns-Ni supérieure à 0,5 mm.The height of the pins 112 is between 0.1 mm and Ns-Ni. Preferably the height of the pins is between 0.5 and 0.9 with a difference of Ns-Ni level greater than 0.5 mm.

La hauteur des picots 120 à l'intérieur des zones A'1 est de préférence comprise entre 0,1 mm et Ns-Ni. De préférence, elle est égale à Ns-Ni de manière en particulier à ce que les protubérances correspondantes sur le papier forment des zones de liaison avec le pli adjacent.The height of the pins 120 inside the zones A '1 is preferably between 0.1 mm and Ns-Ni. Preferably, it is equal to Ns-Ni, in particular so that the corresponding protuberances on the paper form zones of connection with the adjacent fold.

Lorsque l'on place une feuille de papier sur la surface du cylindre ainsi défini et que l'on applique un cylindre de caoutchouc sur la feuille, celle-ci en épouse le relief. On observe qu'en raison de la présence de l'arête DA entre les parois 114 et la surface du niveau N, la feuille subit un fort pincement. Pour obtenir ce pincement on applique le caoutchouc avec une pression suffisante sur la surface gravée pour qu'il pénètre dans les cavités des zones A1. Une concentration des contraintes au niveau de l'arête conduit à un marquage prononcé de la feuille le long de cette ligne d'arête. Elle contribue à former le relief de la zone A1, en particulier par l'ombre que le marquage produit lorsque la feuille est éclairée en lumière inclinée. On choisit les paramètres de manière que le caoutchouc épouse les picots pour se rapprocher le plus possible du niveau Ni.When a sheet of paper is placed on the surface of the cylinder thus defined and a rubber cylinder is applied to the sheet, the latter marries the relief. It is observed that because of the presence of the edge D A between the walls 114 and the surface of the level N, the sheet undergoes a strong nip. To obtain this pinching, the rubber is applied with sufficient pressure on the etched surface to penetrate the cavities of the zones A1. A concentration of the stresses at the edge leads to pronounced marking of the sheet along this edge line. It contributes to forming the relief of the zone A1, in particular by the shade that the marking produces when the sheet is lit in inclined light. The parameters are chosen so that the rubber marries the pins to get as close as possible to the Ni level.

Sur la figure 5, une feuille est montrée, en coupe transversale : le pli P1 est gaufré comme décrit ci-avant tandis que le pli P2 est lisse. Une telle feuille présente une épaisseur maxi h.In FIG. 5, a sheet is shown, in cross-section: the ply P1 is embossed as described above while the ply P2 is smooth. Such a sheet has a maximum thickness h.

La figure 6 montre, en coupe transversale, un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel les deux plis P1 et P2 présentent chacun un gaufrage différent.FIG. 6 shows, in cross-section, another embodiment of the invention according to which the two plies P1 and P2 each have a different embossing.

Plus précisément, le gaufrage réalisé sur le premier pli P1 est quasi identique à celui décrit ci-dessus tandis que celui du deuxième pli P2 est tel que visible sur la figure 5. Le gaufrage du deuxième pli P2 et sa disposition vis-à-vis du premier pli sont tels que les micro-gaufrages présents à l'intérieur de chaque cellule définie par la ligne de marquage D, sont disposés en vis à vis c'est-à-dire en contact pointe-pointe avec le micro-gaufrage correspondant du premier pli P1 ; en d'autres termes les premières cavités 12 sont disposées en vis à vis de cavités 12' du deuxième pli P2.More specifically, the embossing made on the first ply P1 is almost identical to that described above while that of the second ply P2 is as visible in Figure 5. The embossing of the second ply P2 and its arrangement vis-à-vis of the first ply are such that the micro-embossings present inside each cell defined by the marking line D are arranged facing each other, that is to say in point-to-point contact with the corresponding micro-embossing of the first ply P1; in other words the first cavities 12 are disposed opposite cavities 12 'of the second fold P2.

Par ailleurs, les sommets des secondes cavités 18 du premier pli sont munies de colle et servent de ce fait de points de liaison avec le deuxième pli P2 ; à ce niveau le pli P2 est lisse.Furthermore, the vertices of the second cavities 18 of the first ply are provided with glue and thus serve as points of connection with the second ply P2; at this point the fold P2 is smooth.

On obtient ainsi une feuille dont le recto et le verso sont respectivement présentés sur les figures 7A et 7B, données à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif.This gives a sheet whose front and back are respectively shown in Figures 7A and 7B, given for illustrative and not limiting.

Selon ce mode de réalisation de l'invention, il a été choisi de disposer les zones micro-gaufrées de chaque pli l'une en face de l'autre.According to this embodiment of the invention, it has been chosen to arrange the micro-embossed zones of each fold opposite one another.

Comme représenté sur la figure 6, un pas identique peut être prévu pour les micro-gaufrages de chacun des plis. Cependant, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, les micro-gaufrages réalisés à intérieur de chacune des cellules délimitées par les contours D peuvent présenter des pas différents.As shown in FIG. 6, an identical pitch may be provided for the micro-embossings of each of the plies. However, without departing from the scope of the invention, the micro-embossings made inside each of the cells delimited by the contours D may have different steps.

Avantageusement, le cylindre de gaufrage du deuxième pli est gravé en creux afin d'aboutir à la disposition précitée.Advantageously, the embossing cylinder of the second ply is engraved in hollow in order to arrive at the aforementioned provision.

Cet arrangement permet d'aboutir à une feuille dont le relief est encore plus marqué que celui du premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.This arrangement leads to a sheet whose relief is even more marked than that of the first embodiment of the invention.

En effet comme visible sur la figure 6, à droite, la distance H de sommet à sommet c'est-à-dire l'épaisseur est supérieure à la distance h (épaisseur) mesurée sur une feuille réalisée selon la figure 2 par exemple.Indeed, as can be seen in FIG. 6, to the right, the distance H from vertex to vertex that is to say the thickness is greater than the distance h (thickness) measured on a sheet made according to FIG. 2 for example.

Par ailleurs, le fait que les deux faces d'une telle feuille présentent des gaufrages différents constitue un aspect inattendu et plaisant pour l'utilisateur.Moreover, the fact that the two faces of such a sheet have different embossings is an unexpected and pleasant aspect for the user.

Conformément à un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, tel que représenté sur la figure 8, l'un des plis peut présenter un gaufrage proche de celui de la figure 1 ; la différence consistant dans l'ajout de cavités (ou protubérances) A4 entre les secondes zones A2.According to another embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 8, one of the plies may have an embossing close to that of FIG. 1; the difference consisting in the addition of cavities (or protuberances) A 4 between the second zones A 2 .

Lesdites cavités peuvent se présenter sous forme de lignes continues comme il ressort de la figure 8, ou éventuellement d'alignements de points.Said cavities may be in the form of continuous lines as shown in FIG. 8, or possibly point alignments.

Sur la figure 8, des motifs linéaires sont prévus.In Figure 8, linear patterns are provided.

Avantageusement, ces cavités linéaires (ou protubérances) représentent des points de collage entre les plis, préférentiellement uniformément répartis sur l'ensemble du gaufrage.Advantageously, these linear cavities (or protuberances) represent bonding points between the plies, preferably uniformly distributed over the entire embossing.

On renforce ainsi la liaison entre les plis tout en améliorant l'aspect extérieur et notamment le relief donné au produit.This reinforces the bond between the plies while improving the external appearance and in particular the relief given to the product.

Claims (20)

  1. Sheet comprising at least one first ply P1 and one second ply P2 which are superposed and made of absorbent paper, such as cellulose fibre wadding, each having a basis weight ranging between 10 and 40 g/m2, the said first ply having, on its external face, cavities, formed by embossing, corresponding to protrusions on its other face adjacent to the second ply, the first ply P1 comprising first regions A1 forming cells with first cavities (12), the cells being surrounded by second regions A2 with second cavities (18), the sheet being characterized in that the first regions A1 are in relief on the said external face with respect to the second regions A2 with a level difference NA, and the first regions A1 have an outline D formed by a marking line.
  2. Sheet according to Claim 1 in which the depth of the first cavities (12) is at most equal to the depth of the second cavities increased by the level difference NA.
  3. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 and 2 comprising unembossed third regions A3 between the second regions A2.
  4. Sheet according to either one of Claims 1 and 2 comprising embossed third regions A4 between the second regions A2.
  5. Sheet according to Claim 4, characterized in that the embossing of the third regions A4 comprises cavities of linear shape and/or alignments of cavities.
  6. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 5 in which the second cavities (18) are at least partially aligned with the said outline D.
  7. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 6 in which the first cavities (12) are of frustoconical shape.
  8. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 7 in which the first regions A1 comprise third cavities (20), the tops of which are of linear shape.
  9. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 8 in which the second ply P2 is not embossed.
  10. Sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 8 in which the second ply P2 is embossed and has protrusions, the two plies being in contact via the tops of the protrusions corresponding to the second cavities (18) and/or via the tops of the third cavities (20).
  11. Sheet according to Claim 9 or 10 in which the plies are connected via at least one application of adhesive to the tops of the second protrusions (18) and/or to the tops of the third cavities (20).
  12. Sheet according to Claim 11 in which the first protrusions are not adhesively bonded.
  13. Device for manufacturing a sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 12 comprising at least one roll (100) with a rigid covering that has been suitably engraved to exhibit first regions A1 forming cells surrounded by second regions A2, the first regions A1 comprising first tips (112) and the second regions A2 comprising second tips (118), the bottoms of the engravings of the first regions being at a level Ni, with respect to the axis of rotation of the roll, that is lower than the level N of the bottoms of the engravings of the second regions.
  14. Device according to Claim 13 in which the tops of the first tips (112) are at a level lower than the level Ns of the tops of the second tips (118).
  15. Device according to either one of Claims 13 and 14 in which the transition surface marking the transition between the first regions A1 and the second regions A2 consists at least in part of elements of frustoconical surface (114) defining an edge DA known as a nip edge.
  16. Device according to Claim 15 in which the angle formed by the tangent to the wall (114) at the edge DA and the radius of the roll ranges between 20 and 50° and preferably between 25 and 35°.
  17. Device according to one of Claims 13 to 16 in which the difference N-Ni ranges between 0.1 mm and 1.3 mm.
  18. Device according to Claim 17 in which the difference Ns-N ranges between 0.1 and 0.7 mm.
  19. Device according to Claim 18 in which the difference Ns-Ni ranges between 0.2 and 2.0 mm.
  20. Method for manufacturing a sheet according to one of Claims 1 to 12 in which a web of absorbent paper is embossed using a device according to one of Claims 13 to 19.
EP04791456A 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief Revoked EP1670991B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04791456A EP1670991B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0311558A FR2860527B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 ABSORBENT PAPER SHEET
EP04290811A EP1520930A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-03-26 Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief
PCT/FR2004/002493 WO2005033408A2 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Absorbent paper sheet
EP04791456A EP1670991B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief

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EP1670991A2 EP1670991A2 (en) 2006-06-21
EP1670991B1 true EP1670991B1 (en) 2007-11-28

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EP04791456A Revoked EP1670991B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Sheet of absorbent paper with improved relief

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US (1) US20070122595A1 (en)
EP (2) EP1520930A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2541316A1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004010415T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1670991T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2298833T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2860527B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1670991E (en)
WO (1) WO2005033408A2 (en)

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WO2009010092A1 (en) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh 3d embossing
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DE602004010415T2 (en) 2008-10-23
US20070122595A1 (en) 2007-05-31
CA2541316A1 (en) 2005-04-14
PT1670991E (en) 2008-03-03
ES2298833T3 (en) 2008-05-16
FR2860527B1 (en) 2006-01-27
EP1520930A1 (en) 2005-04-06
DE602004010415D1 (en) 2008-01-10
DK1670991T3 (en) 2008-03-31
FR2860527A1 (en) 2005-04-08
EP1670991A2 (en) 2006-06-21
WO2005033408A2 (en) 2005-04-14
WO2005033408A3 (en) 2005-07-21

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