EP1972712A1 - Jet fabric dyeing machine - Google Patents

Jet fabric dyeing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1972712A1
EP1972712A1 EP07251255A EP07251255A EP1972712A1 EP 1972712 A1 EP1972712 A1 EP 1972712A1 EP 07251255 A EP07251255 A EP 07251255A EP 07251255 A EP07251255 A EP 07251255A EP 1972712 A1 EP1972712 A1 EP 1972712A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
storage chamber
dyeing machine
travelling tube
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07251255A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
William Hyde Park Mansion Tsui Tak Ming
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Falmer Investments Ltd
Original Assignee
Falmer Investments Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Falmer Investments Ltd filed Critical Falmer Investments Ltd
Priority to EP07251255A priority Critical patent/EP1972712A1/en
Priority to TW096110857A priority patent/TWI388705B/zh
Priority to KR1020070059447A priority patent/KR20080086802A/ko
Priority to CN2007101960520A priority patent/CN101270541B/zh
Publication of EP1972712A1 publication Critical patent/EP1972712A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/28—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics propelled by, or with the aid of, jets of the treating material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D06B3/20—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics with means to improve the circulation of the treating material on the surface of the fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/04—Carriers or supports for textile materials to be treated
    • D06B23/042—Perforated supports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a jet fabric dyeing machine, and improvements thereto.
  • Jet fabric dyeing machines are used for the wet treatment (dyeing) of fabric and textile materials arranged in a continuous rope form, which are circulated around the machine for contact with the dye liquor by a jet nozzle which directs dye liquor at high speed onto the fabric and propels it along the direction of travel.
  • such machines comprise a nozzle through which the fabric passes for propulsion, a travelling tube connected to the exit of the nozzle along which the fabric travels and in which the fabric is soaked in the dye liquor, a main storage chamber into which the fabric passes from the travelling tube and in which the fabric accumulates while the excess dye liquor drains from it, and a roller that feeds the fabric forward from the storage chamber to the entrance of the nozzle for the next cycle through the machine.
  • the travelling tube and the storage chamber are arranged substantially horizontally, the nozzle directs the fabric downwards, and the nozzle and the travelling tube together form an L-shaped structure.
  • Elongate machines of this type maximise the amount of fabric that a single machine can handle, by allowing long lengths of fabric to be accommodated.
  • the dyeing temperature and the exchange between the dye liquor and the fabric are critical to the success and quality of the dyeing process.
  • an elongate machine occupies a large span, so that the temperature at one end of the machine may be significantly different from that at the other end.
  • the large fabric length may make it difficult to achieve the required exchange between dye liquor and fabric within an acceptable time interval, where inadequate fabric-liquor exchange increases the amount of creasing.
  • the fabric is usually circulated at high speed to give a fabric turn-around time of less than two and a half minutes.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is directed to a fabric dyeing machine comprising: a travelling tube; a storage chamber in communication with both ends of the travelling tube to form an endless travel path for an endless fabric rope; a nozzle operable to propel an endless fabric rope around the travel path by directing jets of dye liquor onto the endless fabric rope; and an outer vessel enclosing both the storage chamber and the travelling tube.
  • Dyeing is generally carried out at an elevated temperature, for example by heating the dye liquor applied to the fabric.
  • a conventional jet dyeing machine has the travelling tube and storage chamber exposed, which allows temperature differences and gradients to arise across the machine, which is typically elongate with a substantial length. This uneven temperature can be detrimental to dyeing quality.
  • the present invention proposes to address this by enclosing both the travelling tube and the storage vessel in the same outer vessel, which acts to reduce temperature differences and maintain a more even and constant temperature profile across the whole of the machine.
  • the outer vessel may define the storage chamber, with the travelling tube contained within the outer vessel.
  • the travelling tube may be positioned in a lower part of the outer vessel. This is advantageous in that the tube displaces a volume of the dye liquor that collects in the bottom of the storage chamber/outer vessel for recirculation to the nozzle, so that the overall volume of dye liquor required is lower and the liquor ratio can be smaller.
  • the machine may further comprise an array of bars positioned above the travelling tube and which define a lower boundary of the storage chamber.
  • the bars demarcate the storage chamber from the travelling tube in the base of the outer vessel, and allow excess dye liquor that separates from the fabric in the storage chamber to drain through to the base of the vessel for collection and recirculation to the nozzle.
  • the bars may be provided with a coating of a low-friction material. This reduces friction between the bars and the fabric, which eases the passage of the fabric along the endless travel path and also reduces wear and tear on the fabric that could otherwise arise from contact with the bars.
  • an end of the travelling tube may be connected to an exit of the nozzle, and slope downwards from the nozzle. This allows gravity to contribute to propelling the fabric rope, which increases the travel speed of the fabric without having to increase the power of the dye liquor jets applied by the nozzle.
  • the travelling tube may slope down at an angle to the horizontal of at least 3 degrees.
  • the travelling tube may slope down at an angle to the horizontal of between 3 and 5 degrees inclusive.
  • This range of angles is a comprise between maximising the useful contribution of gravity by having a large slope and providing a sufficient depth and volume of dye liquor in the travelling tube for soaking the fabric, which requires a shallow or zero slope.
  • the storage chamber may slope upwards with respect to the direction of travel of an endless fabric rope through the storage chamber.
  • An upwardly sloping storage chamber improves the separation of dye liquor from fabric in the storage chamber, and also improves collection of the separated liquor because it drains to the lower end of the chamber.
  • the storage chamber may slope upwards at an angle to the horizontal of between 3 and 5 degrees inclusive.
  • the travelling tube and the storage chamber may be substantially parallel. This reduces the overall bulk of the machine, and minimises the volume of the outer vessel.
  • the fabric dyeing machine may further comprise a second travelling tube, the storage chamber in communication with both ends of the second travelling tube to form a second endless travel path for an endless fabric rope; and a second nozzle operable to propel an endless fabric rope around the second travel path by directing jets of dye liquor onto the endless fabric rope; in which the outer vessel also encloses the second travelling tube.
  • a second travelling tube and nozzle that share the same storage chamber with the first travelling tube and nozzle doubles the capacity of the machine without increasing its size, and requires less components and is less costly than having two separate machines.
  • the liquor ratio can be less for a double capacity machine than for two separate machines each dyeing one fabric rope.
  • the outer vessel may define the storage chamber, with both the said travelling tube and the second travelling tube contained within the outer vessel.
  • the said travelling tube and the second travelling tube may be positioned in a lower part of the outer vessel.
  • the fabric dyeing machine may further comprise a partition that divides the storage chamber into two parts, one part comprised within the said endless travel path and one part comprised within the second endless travel path. This keeps the two ropes of fabric from becoming entangled in the storage chamber.
  • Figure 1 shows an exterior side view of a conventional high speed jet fabric dyeing machine, through which an endless rope of fabric is circulated by a jet of dye liquor directed onto the fabric by a nozzle, the dye liquor being re-circulated within the machine so that liquor which has been applied to the fabric and then drained off is supplied back to the nozzle.
  • the dyeing machine 1 comprises a main storage chamber 11 in the form of a horizontally arranged large diameter pipe or cylindrical vessel. One end of the storage chamber slopes upwards, and has an outlet therein which connects to the entrance of a tubular nozzle 12.
  • the nozzle 12 is also cylindrical, of smaller diameter than the storage chamber 11, and directed in a substantially downwards direction. Fabric can pass through the nozzle 12, which is provided with nozzle gaps or jets through which a high speed jet or jets of dye liquor are directed downwardly and inwardly onto the fabric inside the nozzle, thus propelling the fabric through the nozzle, in a forward circulation direction.
  • a door 10 is provided at the end of the storage chamber 11 nearest to the nozzle 12, giving access to the interior of the machine 1 so that the fabric can be inserted and removed.
  • the machine 1 further includes a rotating roller positioned inside the storage chamber 11 and slightly upstream of the entrance to the nozzle 12, at the position 14. The axis of rotation of the roller is orthogonal to the plane of the path of the fabric rope, so that the fabric rope passes over the outside of the roller and is pulled along by the roller so that fabric is supplied from the storage chamber 11 into the nozzle 12.
  • the machine 10 also incorporates a dye liquor circulation system, which collects dye liquor that drains off the fabric and supplies it to the nozzle 12 to be jetted onto the fabric.
  • a volume of liquor is contained in the travelling tube 13 so that the fabric can soak in the liquor as it passes through the travelling tube. Liquor later drains from the fabric while it is in the storage chamber 11, and is collected from the bottom of the storage chamber and pumped back to the nozzle 12.
  • the speed of travel of the fabric limits the maximum length of fabric that can be circulated within the machine.
  • the capacity can therefore be relatively low, particularly for light-weight fabrics.
  • the speed of travel can be raised with a view to increasing the total output capacity of the machine.
  • the nozzle is generally positioned vertically, as in Figure 1 , and propels the fabric downwards.
  • the dye liquor is separated from the fabric in the storage chamber 11, by being allowed to drain off the fabric, which is accumulated in folds within the storage chamber 11.
  • the separated dye liquor enters the circulation pipe work and is returned by pump to the nozzle 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of a jet fabric dyeing machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the machine 3 comprises a main storage chamber 36, a roller 32, a nozzle 38 and a travelling tube 39 arranged in sequence as in the conventional machine of Figure 1 .
  • Dyeing of the endless fabric rope 34 is carried out in the conventional manner described above, the direction of travel of the fabric being shown by the arrows.
  • the machine 3 includes a number of additional features aimed at improving the dyeing process.
  • the storage chamber 36 and the travelling tube 39 which are elongate and arranged one above the other, are housed within a common outer vessel 35 that encloses both components (and, in this example, also the nozzle 38 and the roller 32).
  • This structure addresses the problems of temperature difference that can arise between the storage chamber and travelling tube, and also across the different ends thereof, in a machine where these components are external and separate, as in Figure 1 . Reducing or eliminating temperature differences improves the quality of the dyeing process, giving a more evenly dyed fabric, since the dyeing result is temperature-dependent.
  • the outer vessel 35 and the storage chamber 36 are defined by the same tubular wall, and the travelling tube 39 is located inside that tubular wall.
  • Use of a common wall for the outer vessel 35 and the storage chamber 36 provides a simple structure, with less material needed to make the machine 3.
  • both the storage chamber 36 and the travelling tube 39 can be discrete structures positioned inside a separate enclosing outer vessel 35 that does not form part of either the storage chamber 36 or the travelling tube 39. This arrangement may improve temperature uniformity, since dye liquor in both the storage chamber 36 and the travelling tube 39 is separated from the external environment by two walls.
  • a further advantage of the former arrangement in which the outer vessel defines the storage chamber and the travelling tube is located within the lower part of the outer vessel, is that the travelling tube displaces liquor collecting in the bottom of the storage chamber/outer vessel, allowing a smaller total volume of liquor to be used thereby reducing the liquor ratio of the machine.
  • a lower liquor ratio is more cost-effective, since the same weight of fabric can be dyed using a smaller volume of dye liquor.
  • a downward slope for the travelling tube 39 allows gravitational force to assist movement of the fabric rope 34 along the travelling tube 39, thereby increasing fabric travelling speed without increasing the pressure of the dye liquor jet applied by the nozzle 38.
  • the angle of the downward slope should be carefully chosen to balance the advantage given by gravity against the need to maintain a sufficient volume of dye liquor within the travelling tube 39 for liquor exchange with the fabric.
  • angles with the horizontal of 3 degrees or more are particularly advantageous, with the optimum angle with the horizontal for downward slope of the travelling tube 39 being in the range 3 to 5 degrees inclusive.
  • the storage chamber 36 can also usefully be positioned at a small angle to the horizontal, but sloping uphill with respect to the direction of travel of the fabric rope 34, i.e. sloping up to the roller 32 and the nozzle 38. The range of 3 to 5 degrees inclusive is again beneficial. Also, the storage chamber 36 can be arranged parallel with the travelling tube 39. This minimises the volume of the outer vessel 35, and minimises the total space occupied by the machine as a whole.
  • An upward slope on the storage vessel 36 helps liquor to separate from the fabric, and also helps the liquor to collect at the rear end 37 of the storage chamber 36. Thus, liquor separation is more effective and occurs earlier, and the separated liquor can be more easily collected into the circulation pipe work. However, the slope should not be too steep, because the fabric is required to travel upwards through the storage chamber 36, which is more difficult for a steeper angle.
  • Figure 3 shows an exterior side view of the machine 3 of Figure 2 , showing how the outer vessel 35 encloses all the components.
  • the elongate outer vessel 35 is supported near each end on legs 22 that are longer at the end closest to the nozzle, to give the desired slope to the travelling tube and the storage vessel.
  • the machine is also provided with a door 21 in the outer vessel 35.
  • the door 21 gives access to the interior of the machine, and allows fabric for dyeing to be inserted into the machine 3, and removed after dyeing.
  • the door 21 is provided in an end wall of the outer vessel 35 closest to the end of the machine where the nozzle is located.
  • the access door is similarly positioned in an end wall of the storage chamber, where the end wall is substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the storage chamber at its end.
  • the door 21 will be difficult to access owing to the height of the nozzle end of machine that results from the slope. Therefore, in an embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to retain a door in the end wall of the machine adjacent to the nozzle, but to arrange the end wall/door at an angle to the plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the end part of the outer vessel, so that the door is closer to the vertical than it would otherwise be. This gives a door which is easier to access and operate.
  • the door 21 is arranged in a vertical plane.
  • This can be achieved by providing two nozzles and two travelling tubes arranged side-by-side under the storage chamber. Each nozzle and travelling tube assembly accommodates a separate fabric rope. However, the two nozzle and travelling tubes assemblies share a common storage chamber. A vertical longitudinal partition can be provided to partially divide the storage chamber. This separates the two circulating ropes and prevents them from becoming entangled while in the storage chamber.
  • the bars 43 lie between the storage chamber 36 and the travelling tubes 39.
  • the bars 43 keep the circulating fabric within the storage chamber while allowing the dye liquor that separates from the fabric to drip down into the lower part of the outer vessel for collection and re-circulation by the liquor circulation system (not shown).
  • the circulation system uses a single pump to supply the dye liquor to the two nozzles, to ensure that the dyeing parameters are maintained the same for each fabric rope. This is enhanced by the shared storage tank, which also allows a common volume of dye liquor to be used for both fabric ropes. Thus the same dyeing effect is achieved for both ropes, and quality is maintained between ropes while the capacity is doubled.
  • coated metal bars can also be employed in a machine with just one nozzle and travelling tube assembly.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of part of a parallel nozzle and travelling tube assembly.
  • the two nozzles 38 are defined in a single nozzle element 50; however, separate elements could be used.
  • the nozzles are circular apertures through which the fabric passes. Gaps defined in the wall of each aperture direct the jets of dye liquor onto the fabric rope to propel it into the associated travelling tubes 39.
  • the travelling tubes 39 are pipes or tubes connected to the exit of the associated nozzle 38. The pipes may have a circular cross-section along their whole length (not shown).
  • An embodiment of the present invention addresses this by proposing the use of travelling tubes with a rectangular cross-section (where rectangular includes square), instead of the conventional circular cross-section pipes.
  • a rectangular travelling tube reduces spiral movement of the fabric rope induced by the dye liquor jets and hence effectively reduces twisting of the travelling fabric.
  • Figure 5 shows two parallel travelling tubes 39 having rectangular cross-section that are connected to the exits of the two parallel nozzles 38.
  • the rectangular cross-section can extend over all or part 51 of the travelling tubes 39, which may then be coupled to circular pipes 52 for easier connection with the other parts of the machine (connection to the storage chamber 36).
  • a rectangular cross-section can also be used in a machine having only one travelling tube and nozzle.
  • a sloping travelling tube and/or a sloping storage chamber can be used in a machine that does not include an outer vessel to enclose both of those components. Only one of the travelling tube and the storage chamber may be sloped.
  • An access door that is angled to the general longitudinal axis of the machine, or a door that is angled generally towards the vertical, can be used to enhance ease of access to the interior of any dyeing machine where the door would otherwise be difficult to reach.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP07251255A 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Jet fabric dyeing machine Withdrawn EP1972712A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07251255A EP1972712A1 (en) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Jet fabric dyeing machine
TW096110857A TWI388705B (zh) 2007-03-23 2007-03-28 噴射式織物染色機
KR1020070059447A KR20080086802A (ko) 2007-03-23 2007-06-18 제트 직물 염색기
CN2007101960520A CN101270541B (zh) 2007-03-23 2007-11-30 喷射式织物染色机

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07251255A EP1972712A1 (en) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Jet fabric dyeing machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1972712A1 true EP1972712A1 (en) 2008-09-24

Family

ID=38222606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07251255A Withdrawn EP1972712A1 (en) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Jet fabric dyeing machine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1972712A1 (ko)
KR (1) KR20080086802A (ko)
CN (1) CN101270541B (ko)
TW (1) TWI388705B (ko)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2955261A1 (en) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 Chi-Lung Chang Up-inclined coveyor-driving fabric dyeing machine
EP3372722A4 (en) * 2015-12-16 2018-12-05 Fong's National Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Fabric storage tank of dyeing machine
IT201800006002A1 (it) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-04 Apparato e processo per la tintura di materiali tessili raccolti in corda.

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102094301B (zh) * 2011-02-24 2013-04-03 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 一种染机配套装置及染布方法
CN102797122A (zh) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-28 苏州龙英织染有限公司 一种溢流染色机
CN102644170B (zh) * 2012-05-15 2016-07-06 济南元首针织股份有限公司 一种卧式高温高压溢流染色机
CN102677415B (zh) * 2012-05-18 2016-09-14 杭州智能染整设备有限公司 高温高压喷射液流超低浴比环保型绳状染色机
DE102013110491B4 (de) * 2013-09-23 2016-03-24 Fong's Europe Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von strangförmiger Textilware
CN203834171U (zh) * 2013-09-23 2014-09-17 立信欧洲有限责任公司 一种绳状纺织品处理***
CN107794674A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-13 繁昌县清新水洗有限责任公司 一种染色缸

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762189A (en) * 1971-03-20 1973-10-02 Platt International Ltd Apparatus for wet processing of textile fabrics
FR2178534A5 (ko) * 1972-03-29 1973-11-09 Argelich Termes & Co
DE2850697A1 (de) * 1978-11-22 1980-06-04 Brueckner Apparatebau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur nassbehandlung von textilgut
US4578085A (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-03-25 Hisaka Works, Ltd. Apparatus for liquid flow treatment of fabrics
FR2667332A3 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-03 Durand Co Mp Procede et dispositif de commande du deplacement d'une piece de tissu, notamment d'une piece en boyau, dans une machine de traitement par voie humide.
US5520027A (en) * 1993-12-20 1996-05-28 Guilford Mills, Inc. Apparatus for wet processing of textile fabric
US5713223A (en) * 1995-08-30 1998-02-03 Lin; Teng Chi Dyeing machine with reversible dye spouter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762189A (en) * 1971-03-20 1973-10-02 Platt International Ltd Apparatus for wet processing of textile fabrics
FR2178534A5 (ko) * 1972-03-29 1973-11-09 Argelich Termes & Co
DE2850697A1 (de) * 1978-11-22 1980-06-04 Brueckner Apparatebau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur nassbehandlung von textilgut
US4578085A (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-03-25 Hisaka Works, Ltd. Apparatus for liquid flow treatment of fabrics
FR2667332A3 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-03 Durand Co Mp Procede et dispositif de commande du deplacement d'une piece de tissu, notamment d'une piece en boyau, dans une machine de traitement par voie humide.
US5520027A (en) * 1993-12-20 1996-05-28 Guilford Mills, Inc. Apparatus for wet processing of textile fabric
US5713223A (en) * 1995-08-30 1998-02-03 Lin; Teng Chi Dyeing machine with reversible dye spouter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2955261A1 (en) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 Chi-Lung Chang Up-inclined coveyor-driving fabric dyeing machine
EP3372722A4 (en) * 2015-12-16 2018-12-05 Fong's National Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Fabric storage tank of dyeing machine
IT201800006002A1 (it) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-04 Apparato e processo per la tintura di materiali tessili raccolti in corda.
WO2019234775A1 (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Tecnorama S.R.L. Apparatus and method for dyeing textile materials wound up into cords

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101270541A (zh) 2008-09-24
TWI388705B (zh) 2013-03-11
CN101270541B (zh) 2012-04-18
TW200839053A (en) 2008-10-01
KR20080086802A (ko) 2008-09-26

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