EP1964394A1 - Method and system for detecting an individual by means of passive infrared sensors - Google Patents

Method and system for detecting an individual by means of passive infrared sensors

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Publication number
EP1964394A1
EP1964394A1 EP06831165A EP06831165A EP1964394A1 EP 1964394 A1 EP1964394 A1 EP 1964394A1 EP 06831165 A EP06831165 A EP 06831165A EP 06831165 A EP06831165 A EP 06831165A EP 1964394 A1 EP1964394 A1 EP 1964394A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
individual
cells
infrared
sensors
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP06831165A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph Zisa
Bernard Taillade
Original Assignee
Hymaton SA
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Application filed by Hymaton SA filed Critical Hymaton SA
Publication of EP1964394A1 publication Critical patent/EP1964394A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
    • H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a passive infrared sensor method and system for detecting, locating and tracking an individual by motion analysis.
  • the detection of an individual is carried out in particular by capturing its emission of infra-red rays by optical receivers.
  • optical receivers use a pyroelectric component whose field of vision is segmented into "observation beams" which are areas of the space in which the sensor sees an infra-red source. This segmentation is most commonly performed by a Fresnel lens matrix and more rarely by a mirror structure as well as other more exotic solutions.
  • Passive infrared sensors of this type therefore have most of the time a Fresnel lens matrix which focuses all the infrared radiation coming from the observation beams on a single pyroelectric component, without being able to differentiate them otherwise without to be able to determine the position of the individual in the observation area, let alone his movement. To do this it would require as many pyroelectric components as optical beams with the direct consequence of a significant investment cost, computing resources and energy consumption accordingly. Such a system is described in patent EP0633554.
  • the present invention relates to a method and a system for detecting and analyzing movement of an individual in a given observation area by means of several passive infrared sensors able to receive, each, the infrared energy emitted by an individual. crossing said zone; each infrared sensor consisting of an optical device focusing the infrared energy received on a single pyroelectric component; each optical device consisting of a matrix of cells, such as lenses, mirrors or the like, arranged to capture a plurality of beams in a well-defined horizontal and vertical distribution; each pyroelectric component being connected to a computing unit capable of interpreting the information received.
  • the invention aims to implement a method and a system of the kind in question which constitutes a novel and original solution able to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a method which is essentially characterized in that it consists, to detect an individual in the observation area, to have a reduced number of infrared sensors, similar, centered on the same area of observation, in which the field of vision has been modulated and coded.
  • This modulation performed by closing one or more cells can be expressed binary in the following way: for each unmasked cell, we say that the optical state is equal to 1 because the infra-red radiation is free to cross ci and for each masked cell, we will say that its optical state is equal to 0.
  • the modulation of the field of view of each sensor of m cells can thus be characterized by a vector with m components, of which these are equal to 0 or 1.
  • M (1, 1, 1, 1, 1,1, 1, 1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0,0).
  • sensors there will be 2 4 or 16 combinations. They can therefore each comprise 16 identifiable optical cells partially masked in a well-defined configuration.
  • FIG. 1 represents, in a front view, schematically an optical device, known per se, comprising 4x4 cells;
  • FIG. 2 represents, in plan view, schematically the optical device of FIG. 1 showing the horizontal distribution of the beams;
  • FIG. 3 shows, in profile view, schematically, the optical device of Figure 1 highlighting the vertical distribution of the beams;
  • FIG. 4 represents, in plan view, schematically a detector, known per se, comprising a row of 16 coplanar cells;
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show, in plan view, schematically, an exemplary embodiment of a system for detecting and locating an intruder, according to the invention, implementing four contiguous infrared detectors provided with each , a row of 2 4 cells or 16 cells that are masked in a different configuration for each sensor;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a sensor according to the invention associated with a fixed camera, centered on the same observation zone;
  • FIG. 8 shows, in plan view, schematically, a sensor according to the invention associated with a mobile camera, equipped with a zoom, automatically controlled on the infrared detection area by the calculation unit.
  • each infrared sensor (1) consisting of an optical device (2) focusing the infrared (IR) energy received on a single pyroelectric component (3); each optical device (2) consisting of a matrix of cells (2C), such as lenses, mirrors or the like, arranged to capture a plurality of beams (F) in a horizontal (FH) and vertical (FV) distribution well defined; each pyroelectric component (3) being connected to a calculation unit (4) capable of interpreting the information received.
  • the method according to the invention consists, in order to detect an individual (P) in the observation zone, to have a reduced number of N infrared sensors (1), similar, centered on the same observation zone, each provided with 2 N -1 cells (2C), thus beams (F), which are masked, for each of them, in a different combination so as to provide the computing unit with information to locate the individual in position and on the move.
  • the method consists of: - Slightly angularly shift the cells (2C) belonging to the various optical devices (2) so as to increase the accuracy of the location of the individual and also the detection surface;
  • a mobile camera (6,) equipped with a zoom, controlled by the calculation unit (4) automatically on the zone of infrared detection and intended to confirm the position of the individual and to follow him in his movement through an image corresponding precisely to the detection area to have more visual details of the area and analyze the image to confirm or not the infrared detection;
  • optical devices (2) whose masking cells (2C) is programmable.
  • the system for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises optical devices (2) which are chosen from an injected plastic Fresnel lens, a set of juxtaposed mirrors or a liquid crystal screen comprising a matrix of cells. (2C) programmable.
  • the optical focusing device consists of specific optical lenses that are necessary for the coverage areas of the N sensors and whose surface area of each lens is double in order to double the sensitivity.
  • sensors (1) At least one fixed camera (5) and / or at least one mobile camera (6) equipped with a zoom and a calculation unit (4) interpreting the information received. sensors and driving the cameras.
  • the optical device shown in Figures 1 to 3 is provided with 4 horizontal beams covering an angle of up to 90 ° and 4 vertical beams covering an angle of up to 90 °.
  • the sensor shown in Figure 4 is provided with 16 coplanar beams.
  • the system according to the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises 4 sensors each provided with 16 partially obscured optical cells in a well-defined configuration in order to have 2 4 or 16 combinations.
  • the system according to the invention allows the analysis of the movement, the estimation of the speed, of the acceleration, the direction and the direction of displacement.
  • the sensor which is the subject of the invention, associated with a mobile camera, makes it possible to confirm the position of the individual and to follow him in his movement, thanks to an image corresponding precisely to the detection zone to have more details. visualize the area and analyze the image to confirm or not infrared detection.
  • each column vector of this matrix gives the optical state of each beam.
  • the pyroelectric element P n is at 1 if it receives an infrared signal, i.e. an intruder found in one of the observation beams and is at level 0 if he does not receive anything, or if the intruder is in an obscured beam:
  • the beam 16 is not identifiable since it is identical to a lack of signal.
  • N elements arranged in a matrix or column it is possible to identify (2 N -1) beams.
  • system according to the invention applies equally to optical devices with coplanar or spatial cells in 2 or 3 dimensions.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for detecting an individual in a given observation zone by means of N passive infrared sensors (1) each consisting of an optical device (2) provided with a matrix of cells focusing the infrared energy (IR) received onto a single pyro-electric component (3) linked to a calculation unit (4) able to interpret the information received. The device according to the invention is characterized in that it consists, in order to detect an individual in the observation zone, in employing a limited number of N similar infrared sensors (1) centred on the same observation zone, each provided with 2<SUP>N</SUP>-1 cells (2C), and hence beams (F), which for each of the latter are masked, according to a different combination in such a way as to provide the calculation unit with the information enabling the individual to be located in terms of position and displacement.

Description

PROCEDE ET SYSTEME POUR LA DETECTION D'UN INDIVIDU AU MOYEN DE CAPTEURS INFRAROUGES PASSIFS METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING AN INDIVIDUAL USING PASSIVE INFRARED SENSORS
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système de capteurs infrarouges passifs pour la détection, la localisation et le suivi d'un individu par analyse du mouvement.The present invention relates to a passive infrared sensor method and system for detecting, locating and tracking an individual by motion analysis.
Dans l'état de l'art actuel, la détection d'un individu s'effectue en particulier en captant son émission de rayons infra-rouges par des récepteurs optiques. Ces récepteurs utilisent un composant pyro-électrique dont le champ de vision est segmenté en « faisceaux d'observation » qui sont des zones de l'espace dans lesquelles le capteur voit une source infra-rouge. Cette segmentation est réalisée le plus couramment par une matrice de lentilles de Fresnel et plus rarement par une structure de miroirs ainsi que par d'autres solutions plus exotiques. Les capteurs infrarouges passifs de ce type possèdent donc la plupart du temps une matrice de lentilles de Fresnel qui focalise sur un seul composant pyro-électrique l'ensemble des rayonnements infra-rouges provenant des faisceaux d'observation, sans pouvoir les différencier autrement dit sans pouvoir déterminer la position de l'individu dans la zone d'observation et encore moins son déplacement. Pour ce faire il faudrait autant de composants pyro-électriques que de faisceaux optiques avec pour conséquence directe un coût d'investissement important, des ressources de calcul et une consommation d'énergie en conséquence. Un tel système est décrit dans le brevet EP0633554.In the current state of the art, the detection of an individual is carried out in particular by capturing its emission of infra-red rays by optical receivers. These receivers use a pyroelectric component whose field of vision is segmented into "observation beams" which are areas of the space in which the sensor sees an infra-red source. This segmentation is most commonly performed by a Fresnel lens matrix and more rarely by a mirror structure as well as other more exotic solutions. Passive infrared sensors of this type therefore have most of the time a Fresnel lens matrix which focuses all the infrared radiation coming from the observation beams on a single pyroelectric component, without being able to differentiate them otherwise without to be able to determine the position of the individual in the observation area, let alone his movement. To do this it would require as many pyroelectric components as optical beams with the direct consequence of a significant investment cost, computing resources and energy consumption accordingly. Such a system is described in patent EP0633554.
Quant à la localisation et au suivi de personnes, la solution qui a été privilégiée ces dernières décennies est l'analyse d'images vidéo. Bien que l'on soit parvenu à des résultats intéressants, le besoin en énergie, en luminosité , en puissance de calcul, et en débit de données et par conséquent le coût sont tels, que l'analyse vidéo n'est pas utilisable dans de nombreuses applications.As for locating and monitoring people, the solution that has been favored in recent decades is the analysis of video images. Although interesting results have been achieved, the need for energy, brightness, computing power, and data rate, and therefore the cost, is such that video analysis is not usable in many cases. many applications.
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système de détection et d'analyse de mouvement d'un individu dans une zone d'observation donnée au moyen de plusieurs capteurs infrarouges passifs aptes à recevoir, chacun, de l'énergie infrarouge émise par un individu traversant ladite zone ; chaque capteur infrarouge étant constitué d'un dispositif optique focalisant l'énergie infrarouge reçue sur un seul composant pyro-électrique ; chaque dispositif optique étant constitué d'une matrice de cellules, du type lentilles, miroirs ou autres, disposée de manière à capter une pluralité de faisceaux selon une distribution horizontale et verticale bien définie ; chaque composant pyro-électrique étant relié à une unité de calcul apte à interpréter les informations reçues.The present invention relates to a method and a system for detecting and analyzing movement of an individual in a given observation area by means of several passive infrared sensors able to receive, each, the infrared energy emitted by an individual. crossing said zone; each infrared sensor consisting of an optical device focusing the infrared energy received on a single pyroelectric component; each optical device consisting of a matrix of cells, such as lenses, mirrors or the like, arranged to capture a plurality of beams in a well-defined horizontal and vertical distribution; each pyroelectric component being connected to a computing unit capable of interpreting the information received.
Dans ce qui suit nous nommerons cellules, en tant que terme générique un système optique quel qu'il soit segmentant le champ de vision du composant pyro-électrique et focalisant les rayonnements infra-rouges sur ce dernier.In what follows we will call cells, as a generic term any optical system segmenting the field of vision of the pyroelectric component and focusing infra-red radiation on the latter.
L'invention vise à mettre en œuvre un procédé et un système du genre en question qui constitue une solution inédite et originale apte à éliminer les inconvénients susmentionnés.The invention aims to implement a method and a system of the kind in question which constitutes a novel and original solution able to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.
Elle concerne à cet effet, un procédé qui se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'il consiste, pour détecter un individu dans la zone d'observation, à disposer d'un nombre réduit de capteurs infrarouges, similaires, centrés sur la même zone d'observation, dans lesquels on a modulé et codé le champ de vision. Pour ce faire, on a masqué, pour chacun d'entre eux, une combinaison de cellules (lentilles ou miroirs), donc de faisceaux. Cette combinaison est différente pour chaque capteur, de manière à associer à chaque faisceau un code unique et à fournir à l'unité de calcul des informations permettant de localiser l'individu en position et en déplacement.It relates for this purpose, a method which is essentially characterized in that it consists, to detect an individual in the observation area, to have a reduced number of infrared sensors, similar, centered on the same area of observation, in which the field of vision has been modulated and coded. To do this, we have masked, for each of them, a combination of cells (lenses or mirrors), so beams. This combination is different for each sensor, so as to associate each beam with a unique code and to provide the computing unit with information for locating the individual in position and on the move.
Cette modulation réalisée par obturation d'une ou plusieurs cellules peut s'exprimer binairement de la façon suivante : pour chaque cellule non masquée , nous dirons que l'état optique est égal à 1 car le rayonnement infra-rouge est libre de traverser celle-ci et pour chaque cellule masquée, nous dirons que son état optique est égal à 0.This modulation performed by closing one or more cells can be expressed binary in the following way: for each unmasked cell, we say that the optical state is equal to 1 because the infra-red radiation is free to cross ci and for each masked cell, we will say that its optical state is equal to 0.
La modulation du champ de vision de chaque capteur de m cellules peut ainsi être caractérisée par un vecteur à m composantes, dont celles-ci sont égales à 0 ou à 1.The modulation of the field of view of each sensor of m cells can thus be characterized by a vector with m components, of which these are equal to 0 or 1.
Si nous prenons l'exemple d'un capteur de 16 cellules dont les 8 dernières sont masquées, nous obtenons une modulation : M = (1 ,1 ,1 ,1 ,1,1 ,1 ,1 ,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0).If we take the example of a sensor of 16 cells whose last 8 are masked, we get a modulation: M = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1,1, 1, 1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0).
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, avec 4 capteurs on disposera de 24 soit 16 combinaisons. Ils pourront donc comporter chacun 16 cellules optiques identifiables partiellement masquées selon une configuration bien déterminée.By way of non-limiting example, with 4 sensors there will be 2 4 or 16 combinations. They can therefore each comprise 16 identifiable optical cells partially masked in a well-defined configuration.
En termes de détection, on disposera de 15 informations car le faisceau ayant pour vecteur optique 0 ne peut pas se distinguer du signal 0. On gagne donc 11 détecteurs pour un résultat équivalent.In terms of detection, information will be available because the beam having optical vector 0 can not be distinguished from signal 0. Thus, 11 detectors are obtained for an equivalent result.
Les caractéristiques et les avantages de l'invention vont apparaître plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'au moins un mode de réalisation préféré de celle-ci donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés. Sur ces dessins : - la figure 1 représente, en vue frontale, de manière schématique, un dispositif optique, connu en soi, comportant 4x4 cellules ;The features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description which follows of at least one preferred embodiment thereof given by way of non-limiting example and shown in the accompanying drawings. On these drawings: FIG. 1 represents, in a front view, schematically an optical device, known per se, comprising 4x4 cells;
- la figure 2 représente, en vue de dessus, de manière schématique, le dispositif optique de la figure 1 mettant en évidence la distribution horizontale des faisceaux ;FIG. 2 represents, in plan view, schematically the optical device of FIG. 1 showing the horizontal distribution of the beams;
- la figure 3 représente, en vue de profil, de manière schématique, le dispositif optique de la figure 1 mettant en évidence la distribution verticale des faisceaux ;- Figure 3 shows, in profile view, schematically, the optical device of Figure 1 highlighting the vertical distribution of the beams;
- la figure 4 représente, en vue de dessus, de manière schématique, un détecteur, connu en soi, comportant une rangée de 16 cellules coplanaires ;FIG. 4 represents, in plan view, schematically a detector, known per se, comprising a row of 16 coplanar cells;
- les figures 5 et 6 représentent, en vue de dessus, de manière schématique, un exemple de réalisation d'un système de détection et de localisation d'un intrus, selon l'invention, mettant en œuvre 4 détecteurs infrarouges accolés pourvus, chacun, d'une rangée de 24 cellules soit 16 cellules qui sont masquées selon une configuration différente pour chaque capteur ;FIGS. 5 and 6 show, in plan view, schematically, an exemplary embodiment of a system for detecting and locating an intruder, according to the invention, implementing four contiguous infrared detectors provided with each , a row of 2 4 cells or 16 cells that are masked in a different configuration for each sensor;
- la figure 7 représente, en vue de dessus, de manière schématique, un capteur selon l'invention associé à une caméra fixe, centrée sur la même zone d'observation ;FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a sensor according to the invention associated with a fixed camera, centered on the same observation zone;
- la figure 8 représente, en vue de dessus, de manière schématique, un capteur selon l'invention associé à une caméra mobile, équipée d'un zoom, pilotée de façon automatique sur la zone de détection infrarouge par l'unité de calcul.- Figure 8 shows, in plan view, schematically, a sensor according to the invention associated with a mobile camera, equipped with a zoom, automatically controlled on the infrared detection area by the calculation unit.
Le système représenté aux figures est destiné à la détection d'un individu dans une zone d'observation (X1Y1Z) donnée au moyen de N capteurs infrarouges passifs (1 ), aptes à recevoir, chacun, de l'énergie infrarouge émise par un individu (P) traversant ladite zone ; chaque capteur infrarouge (1) étant constitué d'un dispositif optique (2) focalisant l'énergie infrarouge (IR) reçue sur un seul composant pyroélectrique (3) ; chaque dispositif optique (2) étant constitué d'une matrice de cellules (2C), du type lentilles, miroirs ou autres, disposées de manière à capter une pluralité de faisceaux (F) selon une distribution horizontale (FH) et verticale (FV) bien définie ; chaque composant pyro-électrique (3) étant relié à une unité de calcul (4) apte à interpréter les informations reçues.The system represented in the figures is intended for the detection of an individual in an observation zone (X 1 Y 1 Z) given by means of N passive infrared sensors (1), able to receive, each, infrared energy emitted by an individual (P) passing through said area; each infrared sensor (1) consisting of an optical device (2) focusing the infrared (IR) energy received on a single pyroelectric component (3); each optical device (2) consisting of a matrix of cells (2C), such as lenses, mirrors or the like, arranged to capture a plurality of beams (F) in a horizontal (FH) and vertical (FV) distribution well defined; each pyroelectric component (3) being connected to a calculation unit (4) capable of interpreting the information received.
Le procédé selon l'invention consiste, pour détecter un individu (P) dans la zone d'observation, à disposer d'un nombre réduit de N capteurs infrarouges (1), similaires, centrés sur la même zone d'observation, pourvus chacun de 2N-1 cellules (2C), donc de faisceaux (F), qui sont masquées, pour chacun d'eux, selon une combinaison différente de manière à fournir à l'unité de calcul des informations permettant de localiser l'individu en position et en déplacement. Selon des variantes de réalisation de l'invention, le procédé consiste : - à décaler légèrement angulairement les cellules (2C) appartenant aux divers dispositifs optiques (2) de manière à accroître la précision de Ia localisation de l'individu et également la surface de détection ;The method according to the invention consists, in order to detect an individual (P) in the observation zone, to have a reduced number of N infrared sensors (1), similar, centered on the same observation zone, each provided with 2 N -1 cells (2C), thus beams (F), which are masked, for each of them, in a different combination so as to provide the computing unit with information to locate the individual in position and on the move. According to alternative embodiments of the invention, the method consists of: - Slightly angularly shift the cells (2C) belonging to the various optical devices (2) so as to increase the accuracy of the location of the individual and also the detection surface;
- à associer, aux capteurs infrarouges similaires (1 ) centrés sur la même zone d'observation, une caméra fixe (5), centrée sur ladite zone, destinée à confirmer la position afin de lever le doute et le déplacement de l'individu par une analyse de l'image dans la zone image correspondant à la zone de détection infrarouge ;associating, with similar infrared sensors (1) centered on the same observation zone, a fixed camera (5), centered on said zone, intended to confirm the position in order to remove the doubt and the displacement of the individual by an image analysis in the image zone corresponding to the infrared detection zone;
- à associer, aux capteurs infrarouges similaires (1 ) centrés sur la même zone d'observation, une caméra mobile (6,) équipée d'un zoom, pilotée par l'unité de calcul (4) de façon automatique sur la zone de détection infrarouge et destinée à confirmer la position de l'individu et à le suivre dans son déplacement grâce à une image correspondant précisément à la zone de détection pour avoir plus de détails visuels de la zone et analyser l'image afin de confirmer ou non la détection infrarouge ;to associate, with similar infrared sensors (1) centered on the same observation area, a mobile camera (6,) equipped with a zoom, controlled by the calculation unit (4) automatically on the zone of infrared detection and intended to confirm the position of the individual and to follow him in his movement through an image corresponding precisely to the detection area to have more visual details of the area and analyze the image to confirm or not the infrared detection;
- à utiliser des dispositifs optiques (2) dont le masquage des cellules (2C) est programmable.- To use optical devices (2) whose masking cells (2C) is programmable.
Le système pour la mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention, comporte des dispositifs optiques (2) qui sont choisis parmi une lentille de Fresnel en matière plastique injectée, un ensemble de miroirs juxtaposés ou un écran en cristaux liquides comportant une matrice de cellules (2C) programmables.The system for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises optical devices (2) which are chosen from an injected plastic Fresnel lens, a set of juxtaposed mirrors or a liquid crystal screen comprising a matrix of cells. (2C) programmable.
Le dispositif optique de focalisation est constitué de lentilles optiques spécifiques et nécessaires aux zones de couvertures des N capteurs et dont la surface de chaque lentille est le double afin de doubler la sensibilité.The optical focusing device consists of specific optical lenses that are necessary for the coverage areas of the N sensors and whose surface area of each lens is double in order to double the sensitivity.
Il comporte, de manière plus étendue, des capteurs (1), au moins une caméra fixe (5) et/ou au moins une caméra mobile (6) équipée d'un zoom et une unité de calcul (4) interprétant les informations reçues des capteurs et pilotant les caméras.It comprises, more extensively, sensors (1), at least one fixed camera (5) and / or at least one mobile camera (6) equipped with a zoom and a calculation unit (4) interpreting the information received. sensors and driving the cameras.
Le dispositif optique représenté aux figures 1 à 3 est pourvu de 4 faisceaux horizontaux couvrant un angle pouvant atteindre 90° et de 4 faisceaux verticaux couvrant un angle pouvant également atteindre 90°.The optical device shown in Figures 1 to 3 is provided with 4 horizontal beams covering an angle of up to 90 ° and 4 vertical beams covering an angle of up to 90 °.
Le capteur représenté à la figure 4 est pourvu de 16 faisceaux coplanaires.The sensor shown in Figure 4 is provided with 16 coplanar beams.
Le système selon l'invention représenté aux figures 5 et 6 comporte 4 capteurs pourvus, chacun, de 16 cellules optiques partiellement masquées selon une configuration bien déterminée afin de disposer de 24 soit 16 combinaisons.The system according to the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises 4 sensors each provided with 16 partially obscured optical cells in a well-defined configuration in order to have 2 4 or 16 combinations.
En termes de détection, on disposera de 15 informations car le faisceau ayant pour vecteur optique 0 ne peut pas se distinguer du signal 0. On gagne donc 11 détecteurs pour un résultat équivalent. On construira ainsi une matrice de capteurs 4 x 4 dont la configuration binaire donnera la position de l'individu dans la zone d'observation.In terms of detection, information will be available because the beam having optical vector 0 can not be distinguished from signal 0. Thus, 11 detectors are obtained for an equivalent result. We will build a matrix of 4 x 4 sensors whose binary configuration will give the position of the individual in the observation zone.
Le système selon l'invention permet l'analyse du mouvement, l'estimation de la vitesse, de l'accélération, la direction et le sens de déplacement.The system according to the invention allows the analysis of the movement, the estimation of the speed, of the acceleration, the direction and the direction of displacement.
Il fournit donc une levée de doute quant au bien fondé de l'alarme.It therefore provides a lift of doubt as to the soundness of the alarm.
Ceci en conservant l'une de ses propriétés majeures qui est l'ultra basse consommation. En effet, l'analyse du mouvement est effectuée à l'aide de ressources de calcul très réduites.This retaining one of its major properties which is ultra low consumption. Indeed, the analysis of the movement is performed using very small computing resources.
Le capteur faisant l'objet de l'invention, associé à une caméra mobile , permet de confirmer la position de l'individu et de le suivre dans son déplacement, grâce à une image correspondant précisément à la zone de détection pour avoir plus de détails visuels de la zone et analyser l'image afin de confirmer ou non la détection infra rouge.The sensor which is the subject of the invention, associated with a mobile camera, makes it possible to confirm the position of the individual and to follow him in his movement, thanks to an image corresponding precisely to the detection zone to have more details. visualize the area and analyze the image to confirm or not infrared detection.
Les modulations selon les figures 5 et 6 sont :The modulations according to FIGS. 5 and 6 are:
Détecteur n° 1 : ( 1111111100000000 )Detector # 1: (1111111100000000)
Détecteur n° 2 : ( 1111000011110000 )Detector # 2: (1111000011110000)
Détecteur n° 3 : ( 1100110011001100 )Detector # 3: (1100110011001100)
Détecteur n° 4 : ( 1010101010101010 )Detector # 4: (1010101010101010)
L'ensemble de ces modulations constitue ce que nous appellerons la matrice de codage : r\\ 11111 ÎOOOOOOOO"The set of these modulations constitutes what we will call the coding matrix: r \\ 11111 ÎOOOOOOOO "
11110000111100001111000011110000
1100110011001100 ,1010101010101010,1100110011001100, 1010101010101010,
Chaque vecteur colonne de cette matrice donne l'état optique de chaque faisceau. Dans le cas de l'identification des faisceaux dans un capteur selon l'invention pourvu de 22 éléments, l'élément pyroélectrique Pn est au niveau 1 s'il reçoit un signal infrarouge, c'est à dire qu'un intrus se trouve dans l'un des faisceaux d'observation et il est au niveau 0 s'il ne reçoit rien, ou si l'intrus se trouve dans un faisceau occulté :Each column vector of this matrix gives the optical state of each beam. In the case of identification of beams in a sensor according to the invention provided of 2 2 elements, the pyroelectric element P n is at 1 if it receives an infrared signal, i.e. an intruder found in one of the observation beams and is at level 0 if he does not receive anything, or if the intruder is in an obscured beam:
Le faisceau 16 n'est pas identifiable puisqu'il est identique à une absence de signal.The beam 16 is not identifiable since it is identical to a lack of signal.
Avec un détecteur selon l'invention, à seulement 4 éléments, il est possible d'identifierWith a detector according to the invention, with only 4 elements, it is possible to identify
15 faisceaux (F1 à F15).15 beams (F1 to F15).
De façon plus générale, avec un détecteur selon l'invention, à N éléments disposés en matrice ou en colonne, il est possible d'identifier (2N-1 ) faisceaux.More generally, with a detector according to the invention, N elements arranged in a matrix or column, it is possible to identify (2 N -1) beams.
Dans le cas de la figure 6, le résultat de la détection est (1010), l'intrus se trouve donc dans le champ du faisceau n°6.In the case of Figure 6, the result of the detection is (1010), the intruder is therefore in the field of the beam No. 6.
Au lieu d'être fixes en plastique injecté, l'ensemble des lentilles de Fresnel peut-êtreInstead of being fixed in injected plastic, the set of Fresnel lenses maybe
« affiché » sur un écran à cristaux liquides. Nous obtenons dans ce cas des cellules programmables permettant une segmentation variable du champ de vision du composant pyro-électrique d'une part ainsi qu'un codage optique adaptable d'autre part."Displayed" on a liquid crystal display. In this case, we obtain programmable cells allowing a variable segmentation of the field of vision of the pyroelectric component on the one hand as well as an adaptable optical coding on the other hand.
Bien évidemment, le système selon l'invention s'applique indifféremment à des dispositifs optiques à cellules coplanaires ou spatiales en 2 ou 3 dimensions.Obviously, the system according to the invention applies equally to optical devices with coplanar or spatial cells in 2 or 3 dimensions.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés pour lesquels on pourra prévoir d'autres variantes, en particulier dans :Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown for which other variants may be provided, in particular in:
- le type de dispositif optique et le nombre et l'arrangement des cellules actives ;- the type of optical device and the number and arrangement of active cells;
- le nombre de dispositifs optiques utilisés pour une zone d'observation donnée ;the number of optical devices used for a given observation area;
- le type et le nombre de caméras fixes ou mobiles associées ; et l'étendre à d'autres applications, sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention. - the type and number of associated fixed or mobile cameras; and extend it to other applications, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1- Procédé de détection d'un individu dans une zone d'observation (X1Y1Z) donnée au moyen de N capteurs infrarouges passifs (1), aptes à recevoir, chacun, de l'énergie infrarouge émise par un individu (P) traversant ladite zone ; chaque capteur infrarouge (1) étant constitué d'un dispositif optique (2) focalisant l'énergie infrarouge (IR) reçue sur un seul composant pyro-électrique (3) ; chaque dispositif optique (2) étant constitué d'une matrice de cellules (2C), du type lentilles ou miroirs, disposées de manière à capter une pluralité de faisceaux (F) selon une distribution horizontale (FH) et verticale (FV) bien définie ; chaque composant pyro-électrique (3) étant relié à une unité de calcul (4) apte à interpréter les informations reçues ; caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour détecter un individu (P) dans la zone d'observation (X1Y1Z), à disposer d'un nombre réduit de N capteurs infrarouges (1 ), similaires, centrés sur la même zone d'observation, pourvus chacun de 2N-1 cellules (2C), donc de faisceaux (F), qui sont masquées, pour chacun d'eux, selon une combinaison différente de manière à fournir à l'unité de calcul des informations permettant de localiser l'individu en position et en déplacement.A method for detecting an individual in an observation zone (X 1 Y 1 Z) given by means of N passive infrared sensors (1), able to receive, each, the infrared energy emitted by an individual ( P) passing through said zone; each infrared sensor (1) consisting of an optical device (2) focusing the infrared energy (IR) received on a single pyroelectric component (3); each optical device (2) consisting of a matrix of cells (2C), of the lens or mirror type, arranged to capture a plurality of beams (F) in a well defined horizontal (FH) and vertical (FV) distribution ; each pyroelectric component (3) being connected to a computing unit (4) capable of interpreting the information received; characterized in that for detecting an individual (P) in the observation zone (X 1 Y 1 Z), having a reduced number of N infrared sensors (1), similar, centered on the same observation zone, each provided with 2 N -1 cells (2C), thus beams (F), which are masked, for each of them, in a different combination so as to provide the computing unit with information to locate the individual in position and on the move.
2- Procédé, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à décaler légèrement angulairement les cellules (2C) appartenant aux divers dispositifs optiques (2) de manière à accroître la précision de la localisation de l'individu.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in slightly angularly shifting the cells (2C) belonging to the various optical devices (2) so as to increase the accuracy of the location of the individual.
3- Procédé, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à associer, aux capteurs infrarouges similaires (1) centrés sur la même zone d'observation, une caméra fixe (5), centrée sur ladite zone, destinée à confirmer la position et le déplacement de l'individu par une analyse de l'image dans la zone image correspondant à la zone de détection infrarouge.3- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in associating, with similar infrared sensors (1) centered on the same observation area, a fixed camera (5), centered on said zone, intended to confirm the position and movement of the individual by an image analysis in the image area corresponding to the infrared detection area.
4- Procédé, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à associer, aux capteurs infrarouges similaires (1) centrés sur la même zone d'observation, une caméra mobile (6), équipée d'un zoom, pilotée par l'unité de calcul (4) de façon automatique sur la zone de détection infrarouge et destinée à confirmer la position de l'individu et à le suivre dans son déplacement grâce à une image correspondant précisément à la zone de détection pour obtenir plus de détails visuels de la zone d'observation et de l'image afin de confirmer ou non la détection infrarouge.4- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in associating, with similar infrared sensors (1) centered on the same observation area, a mobile camera (6), equipped with a zoom, driven by the calculation unit (4) automatically on the infrared detection zone and intended to confirm the position of the individual and to follow him in his movement through an image corresponding precisely to the detection area to obtain more details the viewing area and the image to confirm or not infrared detection.
5- Procédé, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser des dispositifs optiques (2) dont le masquage des cellules (2C) est programmable.5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in using optical devices (2) whose masking cells (2C) is programmable.
6- Système pour la mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs optiques (2) sont choisis parmi une lentille de Fresnel en matière plastique injectée, un ensemble de miroirs juxtaposés ou un écran en cristaux liquides comportant une matrice de cellules (2C) programmables.6. System for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the optical devices (2) are chosen from an injected plastic Fresnel lens, a set of juxtaposed mirrors or a liquid crystal screen having a programmable matrix of cells (2C).
7- Système, selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif optique de focalisation est constitué de lentilles optiques spécifiques et nécessaires aux zones de couvertures des N capteurs et dont la surface de chaque lentille est le double afin de doubler la sensibilité.7- System according to claim 6, characterized in that the optical focusing device consists of optical lenses specific and necessary to the coverage areas of the N sensors and whose surface of each lens is double in order to double the sensitivity.
8- Système, selon la revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des capteurs (1), au moins une caméra fixe (5) et/ou au moins une caméra mobile (6) équipée d'un zoom et une unité de calcul (4) interprétant les informations reçues des capteurs et pilotant les caméras. 8- System according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises sensors (1), at least one fixed camera (5) and / or at least one mobile camera (6) equipped with a zoom and a calculation unit (4) interpreting the information received from the sensors and controlling the cameras.
EP06831165A 2005-12-19 2006-11-22 Method and system for detecting an individual by means of passive infrared sensors Withdrawn EP1964394A1 (en)

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FR0512872A FR2895123B1 (en) 2005-12-19 2005-12-19 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING AN INDIVIDUAL USING PASSIVE INFRARED SENSORS
PCT/FR2006/002579 WO2007080241A1 (en) 2005-12-19 2006-11-22 Method and system for detecting an individual by means of passive infrared sensors

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FR2895123A1 (en) 2007-06-22

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