EP1953094B1 - Double-wall tank - Google Patents
Double-wall tank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1953094B1 EP1953094B1 EP08405030A EP08405030A EP1953094B1 EP 1953094 B1 EP1953094 B1 EP 1953094B1 EP 08405030 A EP08405030 A EP 08405030A EP 08405030 A EP08405030 A EP 08405030A EP 1953094 B1 EP1953094 B1 EP 1953094B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- tank according
- threads
- silk fabric
- glass silk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 48
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000001439 Opuntia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004727 Opuntia ficus indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
- B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
- B65D90/501—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices comprising hollow spaces within walls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a double-walled tank or a double-walled container, in particular for liquids, with a tank bottom and tank side walls and a leakproof lining spaced from the tank bottom and the tank side walls, which leak protection lining is formed by a spacer film and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer applied to the spacer film ,
- the German Offenlegungsschrift DE-OS-2658088 discloses a tank for underground storage of liquids such as fuel oil or diesel.
- the tank has a steel container and a surrounding insulating jacket.
- the steel tank is surrounded by a rot-proof, even gridded spacer layer.
- On the spacer layer a gas- or liquid-tight envelope made of a fiber-reinforced plastic is applied.
- the spacer layer consists of a uniformly pimped laminated body.
- the composite may be formed of expanded metal, paper or a braid.
- glass mats are incorporated in leak protection liners.
- Glass mats are glass fiber mats made of alkali-free E glass fibers, and are used as low-cost reinforcing layers.
- the cohesion of the cut, tangled short glass fibers of the glass mat is achieved by a binder that dissolves in polyester resin contact and u.a. serves as a bonding agent between fibers and UP resin.
- These glass mats contribute to a substantial reinforcement of the leak protection lining.
- the disadvantage is that the leak-proof linings are generally less flexible, so that the leak-resistant linings rupture, especially in the case of large tanks. Critical areas are located in the transition area between floor and walls, where the greatest pressure is applied.
- an inner wall is made of a first layer of glass fiber fabric, a second layer of wound rovings, a third layer of glass silk fabric, and a fourth layer of wound rovings.
- This inner wall is saturated with polyester resin.
- Grid fabric composed of a first layer of polyester-saturated, glass silk fabric, a second layer of a film, a third layer of its grid, a fourth layer of its film and a fifth layer of a polyester-saturated glass fabric.
- the outer wall consists of a first layer of rovings, a second layer of glass silk fabric, a third layer of rovings, a fourth layer of glass silk fabric and a fifth and sixth layer of rovings.
- the outer wall is saturated with polyester.
- the films prevent the grid from becoming saturated with the plastic. This creates between the inner wall and the outer wall a cavity forming mesh fabric. To seal tightness, this cavity can be filled with a liquid or subjected to negative pressure. Because such a container is made of plastic, it can not be leak tested with a leak detector. If a leak is detected, therefore, the location of the leak can be found only with a very high search cost. It is not even immediately apparent whether the leakage is present in the outer wall or the inner wall.
- This double-walled lining has a double pile covered with a laminate layer of fiberglass reinforced plastic.
- the laminate layer may be covered with a cover layer.
- the reinforced plastic doublepolished forms a cavity that can be monitored.
- the double pile fabric is an uncut multi-layer fabric with a top fabric and a lower fabric, which are kept apart by pile threads.
- the fibrous material for the upper fabric, the lower fabric and the pile threads serve in particular glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers. These can be spun as staple fibers into yarns or formed as mono- or multifilaments.
- a leakage protection lining made of a double-pile fabric has the disadvantage that the cavity can be easily filled in careless application of plastic, so that not everywhere a cavity is formed. Therefore, such a tank is often not everywhere double-walled in the context of the present invention.
- the EP-A-0 470 321 discloses a tank having an outer wall and a leak protection liner formed from a laminate consisting of a nap foil and a plastic layer. The edges of the plastic layer are connected to the outer wall to form a leak-testable space between the leak-proofing lining and the outer wall.
- the plastic layer has as Reinforcing a multi-layer glass fiber fabric, the superposed layers are joined together by weft and / or warp threads, which pass from one layer to another layer.
- the leakproof lining equipped with the above-mentioned multi-layered glass fiber fabric has the advantage that it is particularly unyielding (large modulus of elasticity).
- this stiffness has the disadvantage in the lining of large-volume tanks that the leak protection lining may burst.
- the leakage protection lining has a very large modulus of elasticity, this leads to cracking in the event of overstressing. The consequence of this is a leakage of the leak protection lining.
- Another problem of the known multi-layered fabric is that it absorbs much synthetic resin. After commodity prices have risen sharply in recent years, this leads to an increase in the cost of production.
- the invention provides the task of proposing a double-walled tank, which withstands large pressure loads.
- it is an aim to develop a double-walled tank so that it does not break in the transition region between the floor and the wall.
- Another goal is to propose a tank, which is inexpensive to produce.
- the object is achieved in that at least in the transition region between the bottom and the side walls of the leak protection lining on the spacer sheet a glass mat and a glass fabric are applied.
- This has the advantage that in this area a particularly large modulus of elasticity is achieved and that the risk of cracking is reduced.
- the use of a glass silk fabric has the advantage that compared to a glass mat, the resin is absorbed faster and better distributed.
- Another advantage is that when laying out any interfering glass parts are split off because in glass fiber fabric rovings (fiber strands) are used with infinitely long filament yarns. These filament yarns are preferably untwisted.
- the tensile strength of the fiberglass fabric is greater in a certain first direction than in a second direction, which may be orthogonal to the first direction, for example.
- a certain first direction is greater than in a second direction, which may be orthogonal to the first direction, for example.
- the silk fabric has an unequal number of warp and weft threads and is arranged so that the number of threads extending from the bottom to the side walls is greater than the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank.
- the proportion of warp and weft threads at least one layer is unequal size.
- the tensile strength in a certain direction can be greater than transverse to it.
- a greater tensile strength can be achieved by the weight proportion of the warp threads is greater than that of the weft threads.
- the ratio of warp and weft threads is greater than 55:45, preferably greater than 60:40, and most preferably> 65:35. If the number of warp threads is greater than that of the weft threads, this has the advantage that the glass silk fabric can be cut to length from the roll in practically any lengths.
- the ratio of warp to weft yarns is about 70:30.
- the warp and weft threads of the silk fabric are unevenly strong, and the silk fabric is arranged so that the weight of the threads extending from the bottom to the side walls is greater than the weight of the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank. In this way, the tensile strength of the leak protection lining in the transition area floor / jacket can be further improved.
- a second fiberglass fabric is applied to the first fiberglass fabric.
- the first and / or second glass-silk fabric may be formed as a hybrid weave.
- carbon threads can also be incorporated into the glass silk fabric.
- the carbon fiber are present as warp or weft threads.
- the carbon fibers are preferably as Warp and weft threads.
- the layer of glass fiber fabric, or a second layer of the glass silk fabric, provided according to the invention in the transition region between the bottom and side walls of a leak protection lining can also be present over the entire bottom surface and / or over the entire side wall surfaces.
- polyester resin an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin
- novolak an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin
- the leak protection lining is a laminate of at least one spacer film, the glass fiber fabric and a plastic layer, wherein the spacer film is applied to the outer wall.
- spacer film a specially impregnated, studded cardboard or metal foil.
- a metal foil is used because it is easier to apply and can withstand greater pressure loads.
- the plastic coating is made of an epoxy, polyester, polyurethane, novolac (an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin) or a polycarbonate resin.
- knobs are designed as a pyramid or truncated cone.
- a film has the advantage that it has a higher compressive strength than conventional metal foils.
- the film according to the invention can be laid better than conventional films, because it has no tendency to unroll obliquely.
- the individual knobs are each formed as regular, preferably square truncated pyramids with a base surface and a top surface.
- This geometry has the advantage that it guarantees a high compressive strength. It has proven to be advantageous if the edge length of the base surface more than twice as long as the edge length of the top surface. Preferably, the edge length of the base surface is approximately between 220% and 380% longer than the edge length of the top surface.
- the truncated cones are each arranged in series one behind the other, so that a grid-like, orthogonal pattern is formed.
- two adjacent truncated cones each have an edge of the base surface in common.
- the dimples may also be formed as regular hexagonal or octagonal truncated pyramids.
- the knobs are also possible to arrange the knobs as honeycomb pattern. Conveniently, the knobs are each the same size.
- the metal foil is made of an aluminum foil with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm, preferably between 0.18 and 0.22 mm.
- the edge length of the base surface is between 3 and 10 mm, preferably between 4.5 and 8.5, and most preferably between 5.5 and 7.5 mm.
- the height of the dimples is between 0.6 and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 1.2 mm. It has proved to be advantageous if the metal foil has a specific weight between 0.62 and 0.78 Kg / m 2, preferably between 0.67 and 0.73 Kg / m 2. With such a specific gravity, a metal foil with low weight and high pressure rigidity can be produced.
- FIGS. 1 to 2 show a metal foil 11 with spaced nubs 13.
- the nubs 13 are formed as a regular truncated pyramids with an open base surface 15 and a closed top surface 17.
- the truncated pyramids are arranged close to each other, so that a grid structure is formed. Adjacent truncated pyramids each have a common base edge 19. Due to the dense arrangement of the knobs 13 and their geometric design as a truncated pyramid, a higher compressive strength is achieved than in conventional metal foils.
- FIG. 3 shows a detail and in section the structure of a double-walled container with the metal foil 11.
- the double-walled container has an outer wall 21 and a leak protection lining 23.
- the outer wall 21 may be a steel wall or masonry.
- the leak protection lining 23 is formed by a metal foil 11 and a plastic coating 25.
- the metal foil 11 bears against the outer wall 21 with the cover surfaces 17, so that a gap 27 is formed between the outer wall 21 and the metal foil 11.
- the gap 27 can be checked by means of leak detectors in the art known manner for any leaks.
- a glass mat 31 and a single-layer glass fiber fabric 29 are incorporated.
- the combination of a glass mat and a glass fiber fabric 29 gives the leak protection lining a very high strength.
- a glass fiber fabric 29 a single-layer glass fiber fabric is preferably used. In comparison with a conventional glass mat, this has the surprising advantage that a glass fabric having a lower weight per unit area than a glass mat in the laminate has a higher tensile strength than a glass mat.
- a glass silk fabric has the additional advantage that less resin is used for the coating.
- epoxy resins, polycarbonates, polyester resins, novolak (an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin) and the like can be used.
- the Indian FIG. 4 shown tank has an outer wall 21 and a leak protection lining 23.
- the leak protection lining is formed by a spacer sheet 11, and a spacer with the film forming a solid composite plastic layer 25, in which a glass mat 31 and at least one glass fabric 29th are incorporated as reinforcement.
- a first glass silk fabric 33 is provided only in the transition region between the bottom 35 and the side walls 37 of the tank.
- the first glass silk fabric 29 has an increased tensile strength (large modulus of elasticity) in the direction from the bottom to the side walls.
- the increased tensile strength does not necessarily have to be perpendicular to the side edges, but may also act at an angle thereto, ie the tracks may also be laid at an angle to the side edges.
- Fig. 5 shows a partial view of a double-walled tank 38, in which the outer wall 21 is provided with an inner coating 39. On the inner coating 39, the metal foil 11 is applied.
- the metal foil 11 forms a solid composite with a glass fiber reinforced plastic layer, which is applied to the metal foil 11.
- the Glasfaserarm ist the plastic layer consists of a layer of glass mats and an overlying layer of a glass silk fabric (in Fig. 5 not apparent).
- the glass-fiber-reinforced plastic layer extends over a certain distance beyond the edge of the metal foil 11, so that an at least liquid-tight space 27 is formed between the outer wall 21 and the metal foil 11.
- a conductive cover layer 41 is provided on the glass fiber reinforced plastic layer. This extends a certain distance beyond the edge of the glass fiber reinforced plastic layer and ensures a good seal between the leak protection lining and the outer wall.
- the leak-protection lining according to the invention is produced as follows: First, a spacer-holding foil is arranged on the inside of the outer wall. The spacer sheet is applied to the inside of webs which abut against each other. To fix the webs these can be fixed with an adhesive or an adhesive tape on the outer wall. Subsequently, a glass mat is incorporated into a resin layer on the spacer sheet nationwide. After curing, resin is applied at least in the transition region between the bottom and the jacket of the tank and a first fiberglass fabric is laid. The first glass silk fabric preferably has a greater tensile strength in a given direction than in the transverse direction thereto.
- the first glass silk fabric is laid so that the increased tensile strength in the direction of the expected greater load - in the present case in the transition region from floor to wall - acts.
- a second fiberglass fabric is applied to the entire inside incorporated a further resin layer. Construction of a leak protection lining glass mats 300 gsm Asymmetric fiberglass fabric for sheath / floor transition 370 gsm Glass silk hybrid fabrics with carbon fibers 270 gsm resin Novolac or polyester
- Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Fabric weight [g / m2] 370 370 Chain 6x136 tex (86g / m2) 6x136 tex (86g / m2) shot 9x300 tex (284 gsm) 4.5x600 tex (284 gsm)
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen doppelwandigen Tank oder ein doppelwandiges Behältnis, insbesondere für Flüssigkeiten, mit einem Tankboden und Tankseitenwänden und einer zum Tankboden und den Tankseitenwänden beabstandeten Leckschutzauskleidung, welche Leckschutzauskleidung durch eine Distanzhaltefolie und mindestens einer auf der Distanzhaltefolie aufgebrachten, mit Fasern verstärktem Kunststoffschicht gebildet ist.The present invention relates to a double-walled tank or a double-walled container, in particular for liquids, with a tank bottom and tank side walls and a leakproof lining spaced from the tank bottom and the tank side walls, which leak protection lining is formed by a spacer film and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer applied to the spacer film ,
Die
Als Verstärkungsmaterial sind in Leckschutzauskleidungen üblicherweise Glasmatten eingearbeitet. Glasmatten sind Glasfasermatten, hergestellt aus alkalifreien E-Glasfasern, und dienen als preisgünstige Verstärkungslagen. Der Zusammenhalt der geschnittenen, wirren Kurzglasfasern der Glasmatte geschieht durch einen Binder, der sich bei Polyesterharzkontakt löst und u.a. als Haftvermittler zwischen Fasern und UP-Harz dient. Diese Glasmatten tragen bei zu einer wesentlichen Verstärkung der Leckschutzauskleidung. Nachteilig allerdings ist, dass die Leckschutzauskleidungen im Allgemeinen wenig nachgiebig sind, sodass die Leckschutzauskleidungen insbesondere bei grossen Tanks reissen. Kritische Stellen befinden sich im Übergangsbereich zwischen Boden und Wänden, wo die grösste Druckbeanspruchung wirkt.As reinforcing material usually glass mats are incorporated in leak protection liners. Glass mats are glass fiber mats made of alkali-free E glass fibers, and are used as low-cost reinforcing layers. The cohesion of the cut, tangled short glass fibers of the glass mat is achieved by a binder that dissolves in polyester resin contact and u.a. serves as a bonding agent between fibers and UP resin. These glass mats contribute to a substantial reinforcement of the leak protection lining. The disadvantage, however, is that the leak-proof linings are generally less flexible, so that the leak-resistant linings rupture, especially in the case of large tanks. Critical areas are located in the transition area between floor and walls, where the greatest pressure is applied.
Aus der
Aus der
Die
Die mit dem vorerwähnten mehrschichtigen Glasfasergewebe ausgestattete Leckschutzauskleidung hat den Vorteil, dass sie besonders unnachgiebig ist (grosses E-modul). Diese Steifheit hat bei der Auskleidung von grossvolumigen Tanks allerdings den Nachteil, dass die Leckschutzauskleidung bersten kann. Beim Befüllen eines grossvolumigen Tanks geben die Aussenwandungen gerne etwas nach und somit wirkt die gesamte Druckbelastung auf die Leckschutzauskleidung. Weil die Leckschutzauskleidung ein sehr grosses E-Modul besitzt, führt dies bei Überbeanspruchung zur Rissbildung. Die Folge davon ist eine Undichtigkeit der Leckschutzauskleidung. Ein anderes Problem des bekannten mehrschichtigen Gewebes ist, dass dieses viel Kunstharz absorbiert. Nachdem die Rohstoffpreise in den vergangenen Jahren stark angestiegen sind, führt dies zu einer Verteuerung der Herstellungskosten.The leakproof lining equipped with the above-mentioned multi-layered glass fiber fabric has the advantage that it is particularly unyielding (large modulus of elasticity). However, this stiffness has the disadvantage in the lining of large-volume tanks that the leak protection lining may burst. When filling a large-volume tank, the outer walls are happy to give way and thus the entire pressure load acts on the leak protection lining. Because the leakage protection lining has a very large modulus of elasticity, this leads to cracking in the event of overstressing. The consequence of this is a leakage of the leak protection lining. Another problem of the known multi-layered fabric is that it absorbs much synthetic resin. After commodity prices have risen sharply in recent years, this leads to an increase in the cost of production.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik stellt sich die Erfindung zur Aufgabe, einen doppelwandigen Tank vorzuschlagen, welcher grossen Druckbelastungen standhält. Insbesondere ist es ein Ziel, einen doppelwandigen Tank so weiterzuentwickeln, dass dieser im Übergangsbereich zwischen Boden und Wand nicht reisst. Ein weiteres Ziel ist es, einen Tank vorzuschlagen, welcher kostengünstig herstellbar ist.Based on this prior art, the invention provides the task of proposing a double-walled tank, which withstands large pressure loads. In particular, it is an aim to develop a double-walled tank so that it does not break in the transition region between the floor and the wall. Another goal is to propose a tank, which is inexpensive to produce.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass wenigstens im Übergangsbereich zwischen dem Boden und den Seitenwänden der Leckschutzauskleidung auf die Distanzhaltefolie eine Glasmatte und ein Glasseidengewebe aufgebracht sind. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass in diesem Bereich ein besonders grosses E-Modul erzielt wird und dass die Gefahr der Rissbildung reduziert ist. Die Verwendung eines Glasseidengewebes hat den Vorteil, dass im Vergleich zu einer Glasmatte das Kunstharz schneller aufgenommen und besser verteilt wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass beim Auslegen keine störenden Glasteile abgespalten werden, weil im Glasseidengewebe Rovings (Faserstränge) mit unendlich langen Filamentgarnen verwendet sind. Diese Filamentgarne liegen vorzugsweise unverzwirnt vor.According to the invention the object is achieved in that at least in the transition region between the bottom and the side walls of the leak protection lining on the spacer sheet a glass mat and a glass fabric are applied. This has the advantage that in this area a particularly large modulus of elasticity is achieved and that the risk of cracking is reduced. The use of a glass silk fabric has the advantage that compared to a glass mat, the resin is absorbed faster and better distributed. Another advantage is that when laying out any interfering glass parts are split off because in glass fiber fabric rovings (fiber strands) are used with infinitely long filament yarns. These filament yarns are preferably untwisted.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Zugfestigkeit des Glasseidengewebes in einer bestimmten ersten Richtung grösser ist als in einer zweiten Richtung, welche beispielsweise orthogonal zur ersten Richtung sein kann. Dies erlaubt es, den Übergangsbereich zwischen dem Boden und den Wänden gezielt zu verstärken, indem das Glasseidengewebe so angeordnet wird, dass die grössere Zugfestigkeit in Richtung vom Boden zu den Wänden verläuft. Vorteilhaft besitzt das Seidengewebe eine ungleich grosse Zahl von Kett- und Schussfäden und ist so angeordnet, dass die Zahl der vom Boden zu den Seitenwänden verlaufenden Fäden grösser ist als die parallel zu den Seitenkanten des Tanks verlaufenden Fäden. Vorteilhaft ist der Anteil an Kett- und Schussfäden mindestens einer Schicht ungleich gross. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Zugfestigkeit in einer bestimmten Richtung grösser sein kann als quer dazu. Nachdem das Glasseidengewebe in der Praxis in Form von Rollen zur Verfügung gestellt wird, ist es zweckmässigerweise das Glasseidengewebe so zu konfektionieren, dass die grössere Zugfestigkeit in Längsrichtung der Rolle verläuft. Eine grössere Zugfestigkeit kann erreicht werden, indem der gewichtsmässige Anteil der Kettfäden grösser ist als derjenige der Schussfäden. Vorteilhaft ist das Verhältnis von Kett- und Schussfäden grösser als 55:45, vorzugsweise grösser als 60: 40 und ganz besonders bevorzugt >65:35. Wenn die Anzahl der Kettfäden grösser ist als diejenige der Schussfäden, so hat dies den Vorteil, dass das Glasseidengewebe in praktisch beliebig langen Stücken von der Rolle abgelängt werden kann. Vorteilhaft beträgt das Verhältnis von Kett- zu Schussfäden ungefähr 70:30.According to a preferred embodiment, the tensile strength of the fiberglass fabric is greater in a certain first direction than in a second direction, which may be orthogonal to the first direction, for example. This makes it possible to selectively reinforce the transitional area between the floor and the walls by arranging the glass silk fabric so that the greater tensile strength runs in the direction from the floor to the walls. Advantageously, the silk fabric has an unequal number of warp and weft threads and is arranged so that the number of threads extending from the bottom to the side walls is greater than the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank. Advantageously, the proportion of warp and weft threads at least one layer is unequal size. This has the advantage that the tensile strength in a certain direction can be greater than transverse to it. After the glass silk fabric is provided in practice in the form of rolls, it is expedient to tailor the glass silk fabric so that the greater tensile strength runs in the longitudinal direction of the roll. A greater tensile strength can be achieved by the weight proportion of the warp threads is greater than that of the weft threads. Advantageously, the ratio of warp and weft threads is greater than 55:45, preferably greater than 60:40, and most preferably> 65:35. If the number of warp threads is greater than that of the weft threads, this has the advantage that the glass silk fabric can be cut to length from the roll in practically any lengths. Advantageously, the ratio of warp to weft yarns is about 70:30.
Gemäss einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind die Kett- und Schussfäden des Seidengewebes ungleich stark, und das Seidengewebe ist so angeordnet, dass das Gewicht der vom Boden zu den Seitenwänden verlaufenden Fäden grösser ist als das Gewicht der parallel zu den Seitenkanten des Tanks verlaufenden Fäden. Auf diese Weise kann die Reissfestigkeit der Leckschutzauskleidung im Übergangsbereich Boden/Mantel weiter verbessert werden. Zweckmässigerweise ist auf das erste Glasseidengewebe ein zweites Glasseidengewebe aufgebracht.According to another advantageous embodiment, the warp and weft threads of the silk fabric are unevenly strong, and the silk fabric is arranged so that the weight of the threads extending from the bottom to the side walls is greater than the weight of the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank. In this way, the tensile strength of the leak protection lining in the transition area floor / jacket can be further improved. Conveniently, a second fiberglass fabric is applied to the first fiberglass fabric.
Um das E-Modul der Leckschutzauskleidung weiter zu erhöhen, kann das erste und/oder zweite Glasseidengewebe als Hybridgewebe ausgebildet sein. Das heisst, es können zusätzlich zu den vorhandenen Glasfäden noch Carbonfäden in das Glasseidengewebe eingearbeitet sein. Vorzugsweise liegen die Carbonfaser als Kett- oder Schussfäden vor. Um eine Verstärkung nach allen Seiten zu erreichen, liegen die Carbonfasern vorzugsweise als Kett- und Schussfäden vor.In order to further increase the E-modulus of the leak-proof lining, the first and / or second glass-silk fabric may be formed as a hybrid weave. This means that in addition to the existing glass threads, carbon threads can also be incorporated into the glass silk fabric. Preferably, the carbon fiber are present as warp or weft threads. To achieve reinforcement on all sides, the carbon fibers are preferably as Warp and weft threads.
Die erfindungsgemäss im Übergangsbereich zwischen Boden und Seitenwänden einer Leckschutzauskleidung vorgesehene Lage aus Glasseidengewebe, oder eine zweite Lage des Glasseidengewebes, kann auch über die gesamte Bodenfläche und/oder über die gesamten Seitenwandflächen vorhanden sein.The layer of glass fiber fabric, or a second layer of the glass silk fabric, provided according to the invention in the transition region between the bottom and side walls of a leak protection lining can also be present over the entire bottom surface and / or over the entire side wall surfaces.
Obwohl für die Herstellung der Leckschutzauskleidung grundsätzlich verschiedene Kunstharze, wie Epoxyharze, Polyurethanharze, Polycarbonatharze, eingesetzt werden können, ist vorzugsweise ein Polyesterharz, Novolak (ein epoxyd-basierendes Vinylesterharz) verwendet. Polyesterharze und Novolak haben den Vorteil, dass sie relativ kostengünstig auf dem Markt erhältlich sind.Although various synthetic resins such as epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polycarbonate resins may be used in principle for the production of the leak protection liner, a polyester resin, novolak (an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin) is preferably used. Polyester resins and novolac have the advantage that they are relatively inexpensive available in the market.
Vorteilhaft ist die Leckschutzauskleidung ein Laminat aus wenigstens einer Distanzhaltefolie, dem Glasfasergewebe und einer Kunststoffschicht, wobei die Distanzhaltefolie an der Aussenwand anliegt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass zwischen der Aussenwand und der Leckschutzauskleidung ein auf Leck überprüfbarer Raum gebildet ist, wenn die Ränder der Innwand mit der Aussenwand luftdicht verbunden bleiben.Advantageously, the leak protection lining is a laminate of at least one spacer film, the glass fiber fabric and a plastic layer, wherein the spacer film is applied to the outer wall. This has the advantage that a space which can be checked for leakage is formed between the outer wall and the leak protection lining if the edges of the inner wall remain connected to the outer wall in airtight manner.
Es ist denkbar, als Distanzhaltefolie eine speziell imprägnierte, mit Noppen besetzte Karton- oder Metallfolie einzusetzen. Bevorzugt wird jedoch eine Metallfolie eingesetzt, weil diese einfacher zu applizieren und auch grössere Druckbelastungen aushalten kann. Vorzugsweise ist die Kunststoffbeschichtung aus einem Epoxy-, Polyester-, Polyurethan-, Novolak (ein epoxyd-basierendes Vinylesterharz) oder einem Polycarbonatharz hergestellt.It is conceivable to use as spacer film a specially impregnated, studded cardboard or metal foil. Preferably, however, a metal foil is used because it is easier to apply and can withstand greater pressure loads. Preferably, the plastic coating is made of an epoxy, polyester, polyurethane, novolac (an epoxy-based vinyl ester resin) or a polycarbonate resin.
Vorteilhaft sind die Noppen als Pyramiden- oder Kegelstumpf ausgebildet. Eine solche Folie hat den Vorteil, dass diese eine höhere Druckfestigkeit besitzt als konventionelle Metallfolien. Auch kann die erfindungsgemässe Folie besser als konventionelle Folien verlegt werden, weil sie keine Tendenz hat, sich schräg abzurollen.Advantageously, the knobs are designed as a pyramid or truncated cone. Such a film has the advantage that it has a higher compressive strength than conventional metal foils. Also, the film according to the invention can be laid better than conventional films, because it has no tendency to unroll obliquely.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die einzelnen Noppen jeweils als regelmässige, vorzugsweise quadratische Pyramidenstümpfe mit einer Basisfläche und einer Deckfläche ausgebildet. Diese Geometrie hat den Vorteil, dass sie eine hohe Druckfestigkeit garantiert. Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Kantenlänge der Basisfläche mehr als doppelt so lang wie die Kantenlänge der Deckfläche ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Kantenlänge der Basisfläche ungefähr zwischen 220% und 380% länger als die Kantenlänge der Deckfläche.According to a preferred embodiment, the individual knobs are each formed as regular, preferably square truncated pyramids with a base surface and a top surface. This geometry has the advantage that it guarantees a high compressive strength. It has proven to be advantageous if the edge length of the base surface more than twice as long as the edge length of the top surface. Preferably, the edge length of the base surface is approximately between 220% and 380% longer than the edge length of the top surface.
Vorteilhaft sind die Kegelstümpfe jeweils in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet, sodass ein gitterartiges, orthogonales Muster gebildet ist. Zweckmässigerweise haben zwei benachbarte Kegelstümpfe jeweils eine Kante der Basisfläche gemeinsam. Auf diese Weise ist eine dichte Aneinanderreihung von Pyramidenstümpfen möglich. Obwohl quadratische Pyramidenstümpfe bevorzugt sind, können die Noppen auch als regelmässige hexagonale oder oktagonale Pyramidenstümpfe ausgebildet sein. Daneben ist auch möglich, die Noppen als Wabenmuster anzuordnen. Zweckmässigerweise sind die Noppen jeweils gleich gross.Advantageously, the truncated cones are each arranged in series one behind the other, so that a grid-like, orthogonal pattern is formed. Conveniently, two adjacent truncated cones each have an edge of the base surface in common. In this way, a dense juxtaposition of truncated pyramids is possible. Although square truncated pyramids are preferred, the dimples may also be formed as regular hexagonal or octagonal truncated pyramids. In addition, it is also possible to arrange the knobs as honeycomb pattern. Conveniently, the knobs are each the same size.
Vorteilhaft ist die Metallfolie aus einer Aluminiumfolie mit einer Stärke zwischen 0.15 und 0.25 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0.18 und 0.22 Millimeter hergestellt ist. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Kantenlänge der Basisfläche zwischen 3 und 10 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 4.5 und 8.5, und ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 5.5 und 7.5 mm. Solche Pyramidenstümpfe lassen sich gut herstellen und besitzen eine hohe Drucksteifigkeit. Vorteilhaft beträgt die Höhe der Noppen zwischen 0.6 und 1.5 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0.8 und 1.2 mm. Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Metallfolie ein spezifisches Gewicht zwischen 0.62 und 0.78 Kg/m2, vorzugsweise zwischen 0.67 und 0.73 Kg/m2 besitzt. Bei einem solchen spezifischen Gewicht kann eine Metallfolie mit geringem Gewicht und hoher Drucksteifigkeit hergestellt werden.Advantageously, the metal foil is made of an aluminum foil with a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm, preferably between 0.18 and 0.22 mm. Preferably, the edge length of the base surface is between 3 and 10 mm, preferably between 4.5 and 8.5, and most preferably between 5.5 and 7.5 mm. Such truncated pyramids can be produced well and have a high compressive rigidity. Advantageously, the height of the dimples is between 0.6 and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 1.2 mm. It has proved to be advantageous if the metal foil has a specific weight between 0.62 and 0.78 Kg / m 2, preferably between 0.67 and 0.73 Kg / m 2. With such a specific gravity, a metal foil with low weight and high pressure rigidity can be produced.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren anhand eines Anwendungsbeispiels näher im Detail beschrieben. Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- Eine Draufsicht auf eine Distanzhaltefolie;
- Fig. 2
- Einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2; und
- Fig. 3
- Ausschnittsweise der Aufbau eines doppelwandigen Tanks, dessen Leckschutzauskleidung ein Laminat ist mit einer Distanzhaltefolie, mindestens einer auf der Distanzhaltefolie angeordneten Glasmatte, einem auf der Glasmatte angeordneten Glasfasergewebe, welche in einer ausgehärteten Kunststoffschicht aufgenommen sind;
- Fig. 4
- Schematisch und in Teilansicht der Aufbau einer weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Leckschutzauskleidung.
- Fig. 1
- A plan view of a spacer sheet;
- Fig. 2
- A section along the line 2-2; and
- Fig. 3
- The structure of a double-walled tank, the leak protection lining is a laminate with a spacer sheet, at least one disposed on the spacer sheet glass mat, arranged on the glass mat glass fiber fabric, which are received in a cured plastic layer;
- Fig. 4
- Schematically and in part the structure of another embodiment a leakage protection lining according to the invention.
Die
In die Kunststoffschicht 25 sind eine Glasmatte 31 und ein einlagiges Glasfasergewebe 29 eingearbeitet. Die Kombination aus einer Glasmatte und einem Glasfasergewebe 29 verleiht der Leckschutzauskleidung eine sehr hohe Festigkeit. Als Glasfasergewebe 29 ist vorzugsweise ein einlagiges Glasseidengewebe verwendet. Dieses hat im Vergleich zu einer konventionellen Glasmatte den überraschenden Vorteil, dass ein Glasseidengewebe mit einem geringeren Flächengewicht als eine Glasmatte im Laminat eine höhere Reissfestigkeit besitzt als eine Glasmatte. Ein Glasseidengewebe hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, dass für die Beschichtung weniger Kunstharz verbraucht wird. Als Kunststoffe können Epoxyharze, Polycarbonate, Polyesterharze, Novolak (ein epoxyd-basierendes Vinylesterharz) und ähnliche verwendet werden.In the
Der in der
Die erfindungsgemässe Leckschutzauskleidung wird folgendermassen hergestellt: Zuerst wird auf die Innenseite der Aussenwand eine Distanzhaltefolie angeordnet. Die Distanzhaltefolie wird in Bahnen, welche auf Stoss aneinander liegen, auf der Innenseite aufgebracht. Zur Fixierung der Bahnen können diese mit einem Kleber oder einem Klebeband an der Aussenwand fixiert werden. Anschliessend wird auf der Distanzhaltefolie flächendeckend eine Glasmatte in eine Kunstharzschicht eingearbeitet. Nach dem Aushärten wird mindestens im Übergangsbereich zwischen Boden und Mantel des Tanks Kunstharz aufgetragen und ein erstes Glasseidengewebe verlegt. Das erste Glasseidengewebe hat vorzugsweise in einer bestimmten Richtung eine grössere Zugfestigkeit als in der Querrichtung dazu. Zu diesem Zweck ist das erste Glasseidengewebe so verlegt, dass die erhöhte Zugfestigkeit in Richtung der erwarteten grösseren Belastung - vorliegend im Übergangsbereich von Boden zu Wand - wirkt. Nach diesem Schritt wird auf die ganze Innenseite ein zweites Glasseidengewebe in eine weitere Kunstharzschicht eingearbeitet.
- 1111
- Metallfoliemetal foil
- 1313
- Noppenburl
- 1515
- Basisfläche des PyramidenstumpfesBase surface of the truncated pyramid
- 1717
- Deckflächecover surface
- 1919
- Basiskantebase edge
- 2121
- Aussenwandouter wall
- 2323
- LeckschutzauskleidungLeak protection lining
- 2525
- KunststoffbeschichtungPlastic coating
- 2727
- Zwischenraumgap
- 2929
- GlasseidengewebeGlass fiber fabric
- 3131
- Glasmatteglass mat
- 3333
- Erstes GlasseidengewebeFirst glass silk fabric
- 3535
- Boden des TanksBottom of the tank
- 3737
- Seitenwände des TanksSide walls of the tank
- 3838
- Tanktank
- 3939
- Innenbeschichtunginternal coating
- 4141
- Deckschichttopcoat
Claims (14)
- A double-walled tank or receptacle, in particular for fluids, with a tank base (35) and tank side walls (37) and with a leakage protection lining (23) which, with an intermediate space (27), is arranged on the tank base (35) and one the tank side walls (37), said leakage protection lining being formed by a spacer film (11) and at least one plastic layer (25) which is deposited on the spacer film (11) and which is reinforced with fibres,
characterised in that
at least in the transition region between the base (35) and the side walls (37) of the leakage projection lining, a glass mat (31) and a first glass silk fabric (29, 33) are deposited onto the spacer film (11). - A tank according to claim 1, characterised in that tensile strength of the first glass silk fabric (29, 33) in a first direction is larger than in a second direction.
- A tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the first glass silk fabric (29, 33) has an unequally large number of warp threads and weft threads and is arranged such that the number of the threads running from the base (35) to the side walls (37) is larger than the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank base (35).
- A tank according to claim 3, characterised in that the ratio of the warp threads and weft threads is larger than 55:45, preferably larger than 60:40 and very particularly preferably > 65:35.
- A tank according to claim 3, characterised in that the ratio of warp threads to weft threads is roughly 70:30.
- A tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the weft threads and warp threads of the glass silk fabric (29, 33) are unequally strong and the glass silk fabric (29, 33) is arranged such that the share of threads running from the base (35) to the side walls (37), with regard to weight, is larger than that of the threads running parallel to the side edges of the tank base (35).
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a second glass silk fabric (29) is deposited onto the first glass silk fabric (33).
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the first and/or the second glass silk fabric (29, 33) is a hybrid fabric, which yet contains carbon fibres additionally to the glass silk threads.
- A tank according to claim 8, characterised in that the carbon fibres are present as warp threads as well as weft threads.
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a cardboard film or metal film is applied as a spacer film (11).
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the plastic coating (25) is manufactured of an epoxy resin, polyester resin, novolack or a polycarbonate resin.
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the spacer film (11) has nubs (13) which are designed as truncated pyramids or truncated cones.
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the glass silk fabric (29, 33) is present extended over significant parts of the base (35) and/or the side walls (37).
- A tank according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the plastic coating (25) is manufactured of an epoxide-based vinyl-ester resin.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00176/07A CH705340B1 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2007-02-02 | A double-walled tank. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1953094A1 EP1953094A1 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
EP1953094B1 true EP1953094B1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
Family
ID=39253863
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08405030A Active EP1953094B1 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2008-02-04 | Double-wall tank |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1953094B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE490201T1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH705340B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502008001914D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT12428U1 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-15 | Ono Oil Gmbh | METHOD FOR RESTORING A TANK |
AT518760B1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2018-04-15 | Wolftank Adisa Holding Ag | Leak protection film for a fluid tank |
CN109516012B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2024-02-06 | 广西桂林正升环保科技有限责任公司 | Buried double-layer oil storage tank |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2119861A1 (en) * | 1971-04-23 | 1972-11-09 | Langfeldt, Werner, 7453 Burladingen | Tank cladding - with knitted glass fabric impregnated with polyester resin giving tubular ribs |
DE2658088A1 (en) | 1976-12-22 | 1978-07-06 | Tank Und Apparatebau W Ermert | Underground oil storage tank - has rigid walls enclosed by latticework spacer layer supporting impermeable cladding |
CH638150A5 (en) * | 1979-01-12 | 1983-09-15 | Rudolf Grossenbacher | Method for lining a liquid tank to be resistant to petrol, heating oil and alcohol |
DE59004945D1 (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1994-04-14 | Adisa Entwicklungs Ag Urdorf | Tank and method of making the same. |
DE19626558C2 (en) | 1996-07-02 | 1998-04-23 | Parabeam Ind & Handels Bv | Tank with inner and / or outer double-walled cladding |
DE19940502A1 (en) | 1999-08-26 | 2001-03-08 | Dehoust Behaelterbau Gmbh | Container for storing liquids comprises inner and outer walls which consist of glass fiber reinforced resin and are separated from one another by a gap filled with a grid structure monitored by a leakage warning system |
DE502005000217D1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2007-01-18 | Majon Engineering And Consulti | Tank interior coating with Distantznoppen |
-
2007
- 2007-02-02 CH CH00176/07A patent/CH705340B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-02-04 EP EP08405030A patent/EP1953094B1/en active Active
- 2008-02-04 DE DE502008001914T patent/DE502008001914D1/en active Active
- 2008-02-04 AT AT08405030T patent/ATE490201T1/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CH705340B1 (en) | 2013-02-15 |
DE502008001914D1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
ATE490201T1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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