EP1947256A2 - Shuttering device - Google Patents
Shuttering device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1947256A2 EP1947256A2 EP08405013A EP08405013A EP1947256A2 EP 1947256 A2 EP1947256 A2 EP 1947256A2 EP 08405013 A EP08405013 A EP 08405013A EP 08405013 A EP08405013 A EP 08405013A EP 1947256 A2 EP1947256 A2 EP 1947256A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shuttering
- plate
- weak points
- reinforcements
- plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 title claims description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 abstract description 49
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003000 extruded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 tiles Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
- E04B1/483—Shear dowels to be embedded in concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B2005/322—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with permanent forms for the floor edges
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shuttering device for creating a concrete component according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- ceiling edging is used to limit the volume to be filled with concrete.
- These can include, for example, formwork panels or wooden boards, which are removed after concreting the ceiling.
- lost ceiling edge shutters are, for example, prefabricated concrete slabs which are fastened to the slab formwork by suitable means. They combine with the liquid concrete of the ceiling and form the face of the ceiling tile.
- the concrete slabs provide the desired benefits in terms of quality and strength. It is also known to use instead of prefabricated concrete elements foam boards as a lost ceiling edge formwork and at the same time as insulating elements to prevent cold spots.
- Such plastic sheets usually have to be supported with a plurality of supports with a small mutual distance to fractures or deformations due to the G 6667ep /16.01.2008 to prevent low intrinsic stability. Accordingly high are the material costs for the headband and the time required for installation. Furthermore, such plates are very sensitive to mechanical damage. Already an abutting tool or a light footstep can damage the plate so that when concreting liquid concrete can escape. From the EP1327732 is a ceiling edge Abschalplatte made of lightweight construction material known. As a reinforcement and to increase the flexural rigidity, it comprises a shaped perforated metal sheet and can be manufactured with a relatively small wall thickness.
- lost formwork When using lost formwork as intermediate formwork can - depending on the type of shuttering panels - the insufficient stability and / or high installation costs and / or the large plate thickness adversely affect.
- large tensile and / or compressive forces usually act in the area of adjoining ceiling sections.
- Lost intermediate formworks should therefore be as dimensionally stable as possible.
- such networks must be kept because of the low intrinsic stability by a large number of stable frames and brackets or by a variety of additional bracing with small mutual distances.
- the nets are pierced by the protruding reinforcing bars. Often this results in larger cracks that need to be repaired, for example, with special adhesive tapes.
- the creation of such intermediate formwork is complex and expensive. Even small damages can lead to bursting or tearing of the nets when concreting.
- Shuttering devices typically include one or more planar shuttering plates 5 for laterally limiting the volume to be filled with concrete.
- a wall 1 made of concrete or bricks can be seen on a floor or ceiling slab 3 is to be concreted.
- a shuttering plate 5 also referred to as a plate, placed on the wall 1 and held by means of brackets 7, which are fastened with nails 9 on the slab formwork 11.
- the slab formwork 11 is held by supports 13 at the desired height.
- the shuttering plate 5 is designed as a lost element, ie the shuttering plate 5 connects after the filling of the liquid concrete for the ceiling slab 3 with the concrete and the surface 15 forms the end face of the finished ceiling slab 3.
- a shuttering plate 5 is for example from EP-A1-0927796 known.
- FIG. 2 shows another Abschalungsplatte 5 with reinforcements 17 to increase the dimensional stability and protection against mechanical damage.
- the reinforcements 17 may include, for example, flat steel mesh or grids made of aramid or coated glass fibers. In the example of FIG. 2 flat reinforcing mesh are completely embedded in a lightweight construction material such as polystyrene or another foamed mass of plastic or sand and additives. The reinforcement 17 is invisible and has no influence on the surface condition of the panel.
- intervals of the reinforcement 17 may be provided with small distances vertically extending holes or channels 19, which allow insertion of the headband 7 from below and ensure the same.
- the shuttering plate 5 may have a smaller thickness in the lower and possibly also in the upper region, so that the stirrups 7, as in FIG FIG. 1 represented, leave the shuttering plate 5 side and can be aligned exactly horizontal.
- the reinforcement 17 is formed as a multi-folded, perforated reinforcing plate. This can for example be made of sheet metal by bending operations or of an extruded plastic profile and is not or only partially, ie not completely, embedded in the interior of the plate 5.
- two angled portions 23 overhang the inner surface 25 of the reinforcing plate. These angled portions 23 are with aligned holes 27 provided, through which the vertical legs of the headband 7 are inserted from below. In parallel to the inner plate surface ( FIG. 1 ) extending areas adjacent to the sections 23 openings 29 are mounted in the reinforcing plate. These cause a close connection with the plastic compound or the lightweight building material (matrix) on both sides of the reinforcing plate.
- shuttering panels 5 can also be designed as reusable panels which - like the ceiling formwork 11 - are treated with an anti-adhesive agent prior to concreting and are removed again after the concrete has set.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a cross section in the region of an intermediate formwork for creating a ceiling portion, wherein the shuttering panels 5 as in the ceiling edge Abschalung in FIG. 1 are formed as lost plates and include vulnerabilities according to the invention.
- such intermediate formwork requires that reinforcing elements 31 (FIG. FIG. 5 ) such as reinforcing bars of the work part to be created, the intermediate formwork can penetrate, so as to connect the individual sections of the work piece, which are consecutively concreted together.
- reinforcing elements 31 such as reinforcing bars of the work part to be created
- the intermediate formwork can penetrate, so as to connect the individual sections of the work piece, which are consecutively concreted together.
- 5 weak points or thin points or predetermined breaking points for example in the form of depressions 33 and / or perforations are formed in the shuttering plate.
- Shuttering slabs 5 according to the invention for lost intermediate formworks comprise hard, inelastic and incompressible or pressure-resistant materials, so that no deformations occur when external forces, such as occur in the area of abutting ceiling sections, occur.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of such Abschalungsplatte 5, wherein the weak points or predetermined breaking points are formed as a pan-shaped recesses 33 on one side or both sides in the surface or the opposite main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte 5.
- Such shuttering plates 5 can be attached to the reinforcements 31 by means of one or both sides of the shuttering plates 5 on the reinforcements 31 or snap-on clamping or holding elements 41, as shown in FIG. 5 is shown as an example. Of course, other fastening means may be provided.
- FIG. 6 shows one of the two main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte. 5
- FIG. 7 shows an end view of the Abschalungsplatte 5 and FIG. 8 a detail thereof in the region of the recesses 33.
- the recesses 33 are located on both main sides 34 directly opposite. You can, for example, at regular intervals a ( Fig. 6 ) may be arranged in two parallel rows along the longitudinal sides of the shuttering plate 5.
- FIG. 9 shows a detail of a corresponding plate 5 in the region of a recess 33.
- the positions of the weak points are recognizable even with such plates 5 from both main sides 34 forth, can be attached to the flat main page 34 at the appropriate locations, if necessary, marks, for example in shape from Small depressions or through holes with a small diameter (eg 1 to 3 mm) and a small mutual distance in the order of, for example, 1mm to about 10mm.
- marks for example in shape from Small depressions or through holes with a small diameter (eg 1 to 3 mm) and a small mutual distance in the order of, for example, 1mm to about 10mm.
- the weak points can also be identified, for example, by an imprint or by other colors.
- the inventive shuttering panels 5 can be made in large lengths 1 of several meters and usually shortened when required for example by sawing or be cut to length. Lengths in the range from about 2 m to about 4 m, for example 2.8 m, are advantageous.
- Weak points for the passage of reinforcing elements 31 are preferably arranged in rows, wherein adjacent recesses 33 are each offset by a distance a of preferably about 50mm to each other.
- the arrangement, shape, size and number of inventively formed vulnerabilities can be adjusted in any way to the particular application.
- the height h2 of the oval recesses 33 is in accordance with an embodiment FIG. 6 preferably about 45mm.
- the distance h1 of the recesses 33 from the associated edges of the shuttering panel 5 is preferably about 20mm.
- the arrangement of the recesses 33 corresponds to possible arrangements of reinforcements 31 which are intended to penetrate the intermediate shuttering.
- the offset or distance a of two adjacent depressions 33 is dimensioned such that an integer multiple thereof corresponds to the average distance between two adjacent reinforcing bars.
- the invention comprises, in addition to planar shuttering panels 5, also those with curves and corners. With such elements intermediate formwork can be made with any shape.
- the inventive shuttering panels 5 can, with appropriate training both as formwork elements for Intermediate formwork can also be used for edge shuttering.
- the surface of the shuttering plate 5 may be formed on one and / or on both main sides 34 smooth and / or rough. Surfaces to be joined to a concrete part are preferably rough.
- the surface roughness can be predetermined, for example, by the shape or by suitable process steps, such as the sprinkling of chippings or by mechanical processing of the respective surface. In the case of curing potting compounds this can be done before, during or after curing. Surfaces which are to be separated again from a concrete part, or which are visible later, are preferably flat and smooth. In those shuttering plates 5 which are produced by casting, foaming or pressing with a mold, the surface finish can be particularly easily determined by the nature of the surface of the mold.
- a shuttering plate 5, as in the FIGS. 5 to 9 can be, for example, mainly or completely made of compressed wood, concrete, plastic or cardboard.
- Sheathing panels 5 of fiber concrete are preferably cast in a horizontally lying mold (not shown) with frustoconical elevations, these elevations being coated only with one thin layer 36 each having a thickness d2 of, for example, 1 mm or less to about 5 mm of the cast material.
- These thin layers 36 Form after curing of the casting compound the weak points or predetermined breaking points. In this embodiment they are made of the same material as the remaining areas of the shuttering plate 5.
- the fibers can reinforce the weak points so that they can withstand pressures occurring during concreting and can be penetrated by hard objects such as reinforcing bars without breaking the edges of the holes is.
- the weak points are in this embodiment not inside the plate 5, but outside, arranged on one of the main sides 34 flush with the surface thereof. Alternatively or additionally, weak points may also be limited by perforations which are arranged along a closed line and form the edge of the weak points.
- the holes may be formed as round or slit-like elongated openings with a diameter or clear dimension of, for example, about 1 mm to 3 mm. Adjacent holes can each have a spacing of the same order (no representation).
- Such perforations can basically be formed both in lost and in reusable Abschalplatten 5 for edge or intermediate formworks of any thickness, regardless of whether these with or without holes 19 for retaining bracket 7 (FIG. Figures 1 and 2 ) and / or with not or are partially formed from the Abschalplatte 5 excellent reinforcement 17 or without reinforcement 17.
- perforations can also be formed in pressed, foamed or otherwise manufactured plates. For plates with holes 19 and recesses 33 and / or perforations may be provided which intersect or penetrate the holes 19. An assembly of such Abschalungsplatten 5 by means of brackets 7 or angles, which are each introduced with one of its legs in a respective bore 19, is thus easily possible.
- the thickness or thickness d1 of the Abschalplatten 5 may, for example, in the range of about 6mm to about 50mm.
- brittle material such as fiber concrete
- the formed as a weak point thin layer 36 may, as in FIG. 9 be arranged on one of the main sides 34 and flush with the surface thereof.
- the shuttering plate 5 can have not one but two comprising essential layers, namely a main plate 38 (FIG. FIG. 10 ) of thickness d3 and a thin plate 36 comprehensive, connected to the main plate 38 flat plate 40 of thickness d2.
- the thickness d1 of the shuttering plate 5 substantially corresponds to the sum of the thicknesses d2 of the main plate 38 and d3 of the further plate 40.
- the main plate 38 comprises recesses 33a in the region of the weak points. These are unilaterally covered by the further plate 40 and thus form the recesses 33 in the Abschalungsplatte 5.
- the thin layer 36 and the thin further plate 40 can be made of the same material as the main plate 38 and glued to this example, anchored or in be connected in any other way.
- the further plate 40 or the thin layer 36 may also be made of a different material or comprise materials other than the main plate 38.
- the term "further plate 40" expressly also includes thin layers that are flexible.
- it is possible to produce the further plates 40 or the thin layers 36 for example from woven fabrics, films, tiles, cardboard, wood-based materials and the like, and to anchor them to the main plate 38 before or during hardening.
- the thin layer 36 or plate 40 can for this purpose, for example, angled tongues or pins 43 (FIG. Fig. 11c ) or other areas immersed in the casting material.
- thin layers 36 or plates 40 for example, by gluing or be connected by other joining techniques with main plates 38.
- the stable or resistant areas comprise only one or at most two essential layers.
- the regions or weak points which can be punctured by reinforcements 31 comprise only one essential layer, this layer projecting beyond the weak points.
- the essential layers are at least approximately impermeable to a thick concrete mass. They are referred to as "essential layers” because they ensure the required properties of the shuttering panels 5 in the respective areas, namely the at least approximate impermeability to thick concrete in the area of the entire shuttering panel 5, the sufficiently high stability or impact resistance of the shuttering panels 5 in the stable or resistant zones of Abschalungsplatte 5 outside the weak points and easy fürstossiana the Abschalungsplatte 5 in the area of vulnerabilities.
- the weak points can be formed as thin spots or perforations in this one essential layer.
- cast Schalalplatten 5 eg fiber cement or concrete
- pot-like weak points can be made for example by truncated cone-like cones in the mold.
- thin areas can be formed, for example, in pressed plates of wood or other materials by mechanical reworking of these plates, for example by milling.
- the material of such monolayer Abschalungsplatten 5 is in the region of the weak points identical to the base material or the matrix of the remaining areas of Abschalungsplatte 5.
- the weak points are made of the same material or the same materials as the immediately adjacent to the weak points areas of Abschalungsplatte 5th
- the two plates 38, 40 can be made of the same or alternatively of different materials , Since the plate 40 laterally surmounts the weak points, the material composition of the shuttering plate 5, at least adjacent to the weak points and at least in the area of one of the surfaces or main sides 34 of the shuttering plates 5, is identical to that of the thin layer 36 in the area of the weak points
- FIGS. 11a to 11d show detailed cross sections in the region of a weak point for some possible embodiments of the shuttering plate 5.
- the shuttering plate 5 comprises only one layer, namely the main plate 38 made of fiber cement or other suitable material.
- the weak points are formed by pan-like recesses 33 as brittle thin layers 36 in the integrally cast main plate 38.
- Such depressions 33 can, as in FIG. 11a one-sided or according to FIG. 8 be inserted into the shuttering plate 5 from both main sides 34 ago.
- the thin layer 36 may therefore be arranged flush with respect to the two main sides 34, for example, or in any other position.
- a protective layer (not shown) which does not materially affect the puncture of the weak spots.
- a protective layer is not an essential layer in the sense of the present invention.
- Shuttering plate 5 shown comprises two essential layers, namely the main plate 38 with the recesses 33 and the thin further plate 40, which is connected to the main plate 38 and this completely covers. Those areas of the further plate 40, which cover the recesses 33a like a membrane, form the weak points of the shuttering plate 5.
- the recesses 33a can be formed with conical or vertical boundary walls.
- FIG. 11c shows a further variant of the Abschalungsplatte 5, wherein compared to FIG. 11b only the recesses 33a and the immediately following areas of the main plate 38 are each covered with a thin layer 36.
- each thin layer 36 extends beyond the edge of the respectively associated recess 33a or overlaps this edge and is held or fastened in or on the region of the shuttering plate 5 adjoining the recess 33a.
- the thin layers 36 thus only cover part of the respective main side 34.
- Each of the thin layers 36 may comprise, for example, one or more pins 43 projecting into the main plate 38 or other holding elements for anchoring in the main plate 38.
- two main plates 38 are connected to a shuttering plate 5, wherein one of the main plates 38 includes recesses 33a and the other main plate 38 includes recesses 33 defined by thin layers 36.
- the recesses 33a and the depressions 33 lie directly opposite one another and preferably have the same or similar shape and size in the region of the thin layers 36.
- a common feature of these embodiments is that at least on one of the main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte 5, the material or the material composition in the weak points is the same as in the immediately adjacent to the weak points areas of Abschalungsplatte. 5
- the shuttering plate 5 may additionally comprise a reinforcement 17.
- Such reinforcements 17 may be integrally formed or comprise a plurality of non-interconnected parts.
- the weak points are free of reinforcement.
- Subregions of the reinforcement 17 preferably project beyond one or both of the main sides 34. They may, for example (as in FIG FIG. 3 shown) angled portions 23 with holes 27 for attaching Include retaining clips 7.
- the reinforcing structures can be connected to the shuttering plate 5, for example by gluing or other joining techniques on the surface or one of the main sides 34.
- the reinforcing structures are preferably at least partially embedded in these shuttering plates 5.
- the reinforcement 17 can be inserted or immersed in the casting compound with any desired predeterminable immersion depth.
- the immersion depth preferably corresponds to approximately half the thickness d1 of the plate 5.
- one or both layers or layers with a reinforcement 17 can be reinforced in an analogous manner even in the case of two-layer shuttering plates 5.
- two or more vertically aligned shapes may be formed side by side, thereby enabling simultaneous filling of multiple shapes.
- FIG. 12 shows such a wire mesh 45 with welded longitudinal straight wires 47 and multiply bent and / or kinked or deformed transverse wires 49, which have a diameter in the order of about 0.5mm to about 6mm or preferably to about 5mm or corresponding cross-sectional areas in the order from about 0.2mm 2 to about 30mm 2 .
- the transverse wires 49 preferably have a relatively small diameter, for example 1.5 mm, and the longitudinal wires 47 have a somewhat larger diameter, for example 2.5 mm.
- Such grids can be made by simultaneously rolling several (eg five) to many (eg fifty) transverse wires 49 and periodically welding together with longitudinal wires 47 and then forming the transverse wires 49.
- longitudinal wires 47 could be handled simultaneously in an analogous manner and periodically connected to transverse wires 49.
- the welding of a longitudinal wire 47 with a plurality of transverse wires 49 can be carried out sequentially or preferably simultaneously.
- the initially planar wire mesh 45 or its transverse wires 49 are preferably reshaped such that wave-shaped regions 51 protrude from the lattice plane.
- the adjacent maxima 53 or convexly curved peaks Adjacent transverse wires 49 are connected to each other by an outer or welded-up top longitudinal wire 47.
- each transverse wire 49 is concavely curved and each transitions into a linear section 55 lying in the lattice plane.
- the transverse wires 49 are connected analogously to the wave crests by longitudinal wires 47 on the upper side of the grating.
- Each two adjacent longitudinal wires 47 and each two adjacent transverse wires 49 thus frame in the lattice plane in each case rectangular or square grid openings 57th
- FIG. 13 shows a shuttering panel 5 with a wireframe reinforcement seen from one of the narrow end faces.
- the transverse wires 49 project beyond the upper main side 34 of the shuttering plate 5 in the region of two peaks.
- the there connected to the transverse wires 49 longitudinal wires 47 are completely outside of the integrally cast main plate 38.
- the recesses 33 which form the weak points of Abschalungsplatte 5, are arranged in the region of the grid openings 57, wherein the legs of two longitudinal wires 47 and two transverse wires 49th framed, but not directly adjacent to these.
- the plate thickness is so low that these areas, for example by Whipping with a hammer can be broken completely or partially.
- Abschalungsplatte 5 as an intermediate formwork reinforcements 31 can easily penetrate the Abschalungsplatte 5 in the area of weak points when the Abschalungsplatte 5 is pressed or beaten against the ends of the protruding reinforcing rods (or vice versa).
- the disc-like vulnerability is completely broken out of the shuttering plate 5 or penetrate the reinforcing rods - similar to a nail that is hammered - the weak points, without breaking the entire disc of the vulnerability.
- Shuttering plates 5 may also be curved and / or comprise a plurality of sections, wherein each two adjoining sections each include a fixed or - in the case of hinge-like sections - a variable angle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Abschalungsvorrichtung zum Erstellen eines Betonbauteils gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a shuttering device for creating a concrete component according to the preamble of
Bei der Erstellung von Decken werden zur seitlichen Begrenzung des mit Beton zu befüllenden Volumens Deckenrandabschalungen verwendet. Diese können z.B. Schalplatten oder Bretter aus Holz umfassen, die nach dem Betonieren der Decke wieder entfernt werden.
Es ist auch bekannt, verlorene Deckenrand-Abschalplatten zu verwenden. Bei diesen Platten handelt es sich beispielsweise um vorfabrizierte Betonplatten, die mit geeigneten Mitteln an der Deckenschalung befestigt werden. Sie verbinden sich mit dem flüssigen Beton der Decke und bilden die Stirnfläche der Deckenplatte. Die Platten aus Beton erbringen die erwünschten Vorteile bezüglich Qualität und Festigkeit.
Weiter ist bekannt, anstelle von vorfabrizierten Betonelementen Schaumstoffplatten als verlorene Deckenrand-Schalung und gleichzeitig als isolierende Elemente zur Verhinderung von Kältebrücken einzusetzen. Solche Kunststoffplatten müssen in der Regel mit einer Vielzahl von Stützen mit geringem gegenseitigem Abstand abgestützt werden um Brüche oder Verformungen aufgrund der G 6667ep /16.01.2008 geringen Eigenstabilität zu verhindern. Entsprechend hoch sind die Materialkosten für die Haltebügel und der Zeitaufwand für die Montage. Im Weiteren sind solche Platten sehr empfindlich auf mechanische Beschädigung. Bereits ein anstossendes Werkzeug oder ein leichter Fusstritt kann die Platte derart beschädigen, dass beim Betonieren flüssiger Beton austreten kann.
Aus der
It is also known to use lost ceiling edge shutters. These plates are, for example, prefabricated concrete slabs which are fastened to the slab formwork by suitable means. They combine with the liquid concrete of the ceiling and form the face of the ceiling tile. The concrete slabs provide the desired benefits in terms of quality and strength.
It is also known to use instead of prefabricated concrete elements foam boards as a lost ceiling edge formwork and at the same time as insulating elements to prevent cold spots. Such plastic sheets usually have to be supported with a plurality of supports with a small mutual distance to fractures or deformations due to the G 6667ep /16.01.2008 to prevent low intrinsic stability. Accordingly high are the material costs for the headband and the time required for installation. Furthermore, such plates are very sensitive to mechanical damage. Already an abutting tool or a light footstep can damage the plate so that when concreting liquid concrete can escape.
From the
Beim Erstellen grösserer zusammenhängender Betonelemente bzw. -teile wie Decken und Böden in Gebäuden oder Wände von Tunnelröhren ist es oft nicht möglich, das gesamte Element bzw. Betonbauteil oder Werkteil in einem Zug zu fertigen. Das Betonbauteil muss dann in mehreren Etappen gefertigt werden, wobei jeweils nur einzelne Teilbereiche erstellt werden. In der Regel ist es erforderlich, dass die Bewehrungen benachbarter Teilbereiche sich mindestens teilweise überlappen oder weitergeführt werden, damit die Anforderungen an die Statik des gesamten Betonbauteils erfüllt werden können. Werden herkömmliche Deckenrandabschalungen als Zwischenschalungen benutzt, müssen bei diesen auf der Baustelle Durchtrittsöffnungen für die vorstehenden Armierungseisen erstellt werden. Eine mehrfache Verwendung solcher "beschädigter" Abschalungen G 6667ep/16.01.2008 ist in der Regel nicht möglich. Bei der Verwendung verlorener Abschalungen als Zwischenschalungen können sich - je nach Art der Schalungsplatten - die unzureichende Stabilität und/oder der hohe Installationsaufwand und/oder die grosse Plattendicke nachteilig auswirken. Bei Decken wirken in der Regel grosse Zug- und/oder Druckkräfte im Bereich aneinander grenzender Deckenabschnitte. Verlorene Zwischenschalungen sollten deshalb möglichst formstabil sein.
Es ist im Weiteren auch bekannt, für Zwischenschalungen in Rahmen eingespannte Netze zu verwenden. Solche Netze sind in zufrieden stellender Qualität schwer herstellbar und haben oft ungenügende Dichteigenschaften. Zudem müssen solche Netze wegen der geringen Eigenstabilität durch eine grosse Anzahl stabiler Rahmen und Halterungen bzw. durch eine Vielzahl zusätzlicher Verstrebungen mit kleinen gegenseitigen Abständen gehalten werden. Bei der Montage werden die Netze von den vorstehenden Bewehrungseisen durchstochen. Oft entstehen dabei grössere Risse, die z.B. mit speziellen Klebebändern ausgebessert werden müssen. Die Erstellung derartiger Zwischenschalungen ist aufwändig und teuer. Bereits kleine Beschädigungen können beim Betonieren zum Bersten oder Ausreissen der Netze führen.When creating large contiguous concrete elements or parts such as ceilings and floors in buildings or walls of tunnel tubes, it is often not possible to manufacture the entire element or concrete component or work part in one go. The concrete component then has to be manufactured in several stages, whereby only individual partial areas are created. In general, it is necessary that the reinforcements of adjacent subareas overlap at least partially or be continued, so that the requirements for the statics of the entire concrete component can be met. If conventional Deckenrandabschalungen used as intermediate formwork, these must be created at the construction site passages for the above reinforcing bars. Multiple use of such "damaged" formwork G 6667ep / 16.01.2008 is usually not possible. When using lost formwork as intermediate formwork can - depending on the type of shuttering panels - the insufficient stability and / or high installation costs and / or the large plate thickness adversely affect. In the case of ceilings, large tensile and / or compressive forces usually act in the area of adjoining ceiling sections. Lost intermediate formworks should therefore be as dimensionally stable as possible.
It is also known to use for intermediate formwork in frame clamped networks. Such nets are difficult to produce in satisfactory quality and often have insufficient sealing properties. In addition, such networks must be kept because of the low intrinsic stability by a large number of stable frames and brackets or by a variety of additional bracing with small mutual distances. During assembly, the nets are pierced by the protruding reinforcing bars. Often this results in larger cracks that need to be repaired, for example, with special adhesive tapes. The creation of such intermediate formwork is complex and expensive. Even small damages can lead to bursting or tearing of the nets when concreting.
Sowohl bei verlorenen als auch bei mehrfach verwendbaren Abschalungen besteht das Bedürfnis, entsprechend der jeweiligen Begebenheiten Durchbrüche in der Schalungsfläche auszubilden. Diese können zum Durchführen von Bewehrungselementen, Verankerungen, Elektro- und/oder Sanitärleitungen usw. genutzt werden.Both lost and reusable shutters, there is a need, according to the respective events breakthroughs in the Forming formwork surface. These can be used to carry out reinforcement elements, anchorages, electrical and / or sanitary pipes, etc.
Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine einfach herzustellende und zu montierende, stabile Abschalungsvorrichtung mit leicht austrennbaren oder durchstossbaren Schwachstellen zu schaffen,It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a simple to produce and to assemble, stable Abschalungsvorrichtung with easily separable or puncture vulnerabilities,
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Abschalungsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen definiert.This object is achieved by a Abschalungsvorrichtung with the features of
Anhand einiger illustrierter Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen
Figur 1- einen Querschnitt im Bereich einer Deckenrandabschalung gemäss Stand der Technik,
- Figur 2
- eine Teilansicht einer Abschalungsplatte aus einem Leichtbaustoff gemäss Stand der Technik,
Figur 3- eine weitere Abschalungsplatte mit Mitteln zum Befestigen von Haltebügeln gemäss Stand der Technik,
Figur 4- einen Querschnitt einer Zwischenschalung mit verlorenen Schalungselementen,
Figur 5- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren Zwischenschalung mit durch die Abschalungsplatte durchtretenden Bewehrungselementen,
- Figur 6
- eine Hauptseiten-Ansicht der Abschalungsplatte aus
,Figur 5 Figur 7- eine Aufsicht auf die Abschalungsplatte aus
,Figur 5 - Figur 8
- ein Detail einer einschichtigen Abschalungsplatte mit sich gegenüberliegenden Vertiefungen,
Figur 9- ein Detail einer einschichtigen Abschalungsplatte mit einseitig in eine der Hauptseiten eingelassenen Vertiefungen,
- Figur 10
- ein Detail einer zweischichtigen Abschalungsplatte,
- Figur 11a
- einen Detailquerschnitt einer Abschalungsplatte gemäss
,Figur 9 - Figur 11b
- einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,
- Figur 11c
- einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,
- Figur 11d
- einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,
Figur 12- ein Armierungsgitter,
Figur 13- eine stirnseitige Ansicht Abschalungsplatte mit einem Armierungsgitter.
- FIG. 1
- a cross section in the region of a Deckenrandabschalung according to the prior art,
- FIG. 2
- a partial view of a formwork slab made of a lightweight building material according to the prior art,
- FIG. 3
- another shuttering plate with means for attaching retaining clips according to the prior art,
- FIG. 4
- a cross section of an intermediate formwork with lost formwork elements,
- FIG. 5
- a perspective view of another intermediate formwork with passing through the formwork panel reinforcing elements,
- FIG. 6
- a main page view of the Abschalungsplatte
FIG. 5 . - FIG. 7
- a view of the Abschalungsplatte
FIG. 5 . - FIG. 8
- a detail of a single-layer shuttering panel with opposing recesses,
- FIG. 9
- a detail of a single-layer shuttering plate with recesses embedded in one of the main sides on one side,
- FIG. 10
- a detail of a two-layer shuttering panel,
- FIG. 11a
- a detail cross section of a shuttering plate according
FIG. 9 . - FIG. 11b
- a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,
- FIG. 11c
- a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,
- FIG. 11d
- a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,
- FIG. 12
- a reinforcing grid,
- FIG. 13
- an end view shuttering plate with a reinforcing grid.
Zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung werden zuerst Abschalungen, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, kurz beschrieben. Abschalungsvorrichtungen umfassen in der Regel eine oder mehrere ebene Abschalungsplatten 5 zum seitlichen Begrenzen des mit Beton zu befüllenden Volumens.
Im in
In den parallel zur inneren Plattenoberfläche (
Im in
In parallel to the inner plate surface (
Grössere Decken oder entsprechende andere Bauteile können nicht in einem Arbeitsgang betoniert werden. Mittels Zwischenschalungen wird das von der Randschalung seitlich begrenzte Volumen in Teilbereiche aufgeteilt. Dabei kann die Zwischenschalung analog zur Randschalung als verlorene Schalung oder als wieder zu verwendende, nach dem Betonieren zu entfernende Schalung ausgebildet sein.
Im Unterschied zu Randabschalungen ist es bei solchen Zwischenschalungen erforderlich, dass Bewehrungselemente 31 (
Insbesondere ist es möglich, solche Zwischenschalungen nur noch an den Bewehrungselementen 31 zu befestigen, welche die Schwachstellen durchdringen. Eine Befestigung mit Haltebügeln 7 bzw. anderen Mitteln an der Deckenschalung 11 ist nicht oder nur vereinzelt erforderlich.
Bei einer bevorzugen, einfacher herstellbaren Variante der Abschalungsplatte 5 sind die pfannenförmigen Vertiefungen 33 mit konischem Rand nur an einer der Hauptseiten 34 ausgebildet.
In a preferred, easier to produce variant of the
Die erfindungsgemässen Abschalungsplatten 5 können in grossen Baulängen 1 von mehreren Metern gefertigt und in der Regel bei Bedarf z.B. durch Sägen gekürzt bzw. abgelängt werden. Vorteilhaft erweisen sich Baulängen im Bereich von etwa 2m bis etwa 4m, beispielsweise 2.8m. Schwachstellen zum Durchführen von Bewehrungselementen 31 sind vorzugsweise in Reihen angeordnet, wobei benachbarte Vertiefungen 33 jeweils um einen Abstand a von vorzugsweise etwa 50mm zueinander versetzt sind. Bei ovalen Vertiefungen 33 mit einer Breite c (
Die erfindungsgemässe Abschalungsplatte 5 kann in vergleichsweise geringen Stärken d1 im Bereich von wenigen Millimetern (z.B. d1 = 6mm) gefertigt werden. Selbstverständlich können auch Abschalungsplatten 5 mit grösseren Stärken d1 gefertigt werden (z.B. d1 = 15mm oder d1=50mm). Abschalungsplatten 5 können - entsprechend den Höhen der zu erstellenden Decken oder Werkteile - mit unterschiedlicher Höhe h0 hergestellt werden, vorzugsweise mit Höhen h0 von etwa 150mm bis etwa 1000mm. Die Höhe h2 der ovalen Vertiefungen 33 beträgt bei einer Ausgestaltung gemäss
Die Erfindung umfasst nebst ebenen Abschalungsplatten 5 auch solche mit Krümmungen und Ecken. Mit solchen Elementen können Zwischenschalungen mit beliebigen Formen hergestellt werden.
Die erfindungsgemässen Abschalungsplatten 5 können bei entsprechender Ausbildung sowohl als Schalungselemente für Zwischenschalungen als auch für Randabschalungen benutzt werden. Die Oberfläche der Abschalungsplatte 5 kann auf einer und/oder auf beiden Hauptseiten 34 glatt und/oder rau ausgebildet sein. Oberflächen, die sich mit einem Betonteil verbinden sollen, sind vorzugsweise rau. Die Oberflächenrauheit kann z.B. durch die Form vorgegeben oder durch geeignete Prozessschritte wie das Einstreuen von Splitt oder durch mechanische Bearbeitung der jeweiligen Oberfläche erfolgen. Im Falle von aushärtenden Vergussmassen kann dies vor, während oder nach dem Aushärten geschehen. Oberflächen, welche von einem Betonteil wieder getrennt werden sollen, oder welche später sichtbar sind, sind vorzugsweise eben und glatt. Bei jenen Abschalungsplatten 5, die durch Giessen, Schäumen oder Pressen mit einer Form hergestellt werden, kann die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit besonders einfach durch die Art der Oberfläche der Form vorgegeben werden.The
The invention comprises, in addition to
The
Eine Abschalungsplatte 5, wie sie in den
Alternativ oder zusätzlich können Schwachstellen auch durch Perforationen begrenzt sein, die entlang einer geschlossenen Linie angeordnet sind und den Rand der Schwachstellen bilden. Die Löcher können als runde oder als Schlitzartige längliche Öffnungen mit einem Durchmesser bzw. lichten Mass von beispielsweise etwa 1mm bis 3mm ausgebildet sein. Benachbarte Löcher können jeweils einen Abstand in derselben Grössenordnung aufweisen (keine Darstellung). Solche Perforationen können grundsätzlich sowohl bei verlorenen als auch bei wieder verwendbaren Abschalplatten 5 für Rand- oder Zwischenschalungen beliebiger Stärke ausgebildet sein, und zwar unabhängig davon, ob diese mit oder ohne Bohrungen 19 für Haltebügel 7 (
Alternatively or additionally, weak points may also be limited by perforations which are arranged along a closed line and form the edge of the weak points. The holes may be formed as round or slit-like elongated openings with a diameter or clear dimension of, for example, about 1 mm to 3 mm. Adjacent holes can each have a spacing of the same order (no representation). Such perforations can basically be formed both in lost and in
Bei den erfindungsgemässen Abschalungsplatten 5 umfassen die stabilen bzw. widerstandsfähigen Bereiche nur eine oder maximal zwei wesentliche Schichten. Die von Bewehrungen 31 durchstossbaren Bereiche bzw. die Schwachstellen umfassen nur eine wesentliche Schicht, wobei diese Schicht die Schwachstellen überragt. Die wesentlichen Schichten sind für eine dickflüssige Betonmasse zumindest annähernd undurchlässig. Sie werden als "wesentliche Schichten" bezeichnet, da sie die erforderlichen Eigenschaften der Abschalungsplatten 5 in den jeweiligen Bereichen sicherstellen, nämlich die zumindest annähernde Undurchlässigkeit für dickflüssigen Beton im Bereich der ganzen Abschalungsplatte 5, die ausreichend hohe Stabilität oder Schlagfestigkeit der Abschalungsplatten 5 in den stabilen bzw. widerstandsfähigen Zonen der Abschalungsplatte 5 ausserhalb der Schwachstellen und die leichte Durchstossbarkeit der Abschalungsplatte 5 im Bereich der Schwachstellen.In the case of the
Bei einschichtigen Abschalungsplatten 5 können die Schwachstellen als Dünnstellen oder Perforationen in dieser einen wesentlichen Schicht ausgebildet sein. Bei gegossenen Abschalungsplatten 5 (z.B. aus Faserzement oder -beton) können topfartige Schwachstellen z.B. durch kegelstumpfähnliche Zapfen in der Gussform hergestellt werden. Alternativ können Dünnstellen z.B. bei gepressten Platten aus Holz- oder anderen Werkstoffen durch mechanisches Nachbearbeiten dieser Platten, z.B. durch Fräsen, ausgebildet werden.In the case of single-
Das Material solcher einschichtigen Abschalungsplatten 5 ist im Bereich der Schwachstellen identisch mit dem Grundmaterial bzw. der Matrix der übrigen Bereiche der Abschalungsplatte 5. Insbesondere sind die Schwachstellen aus dem gleichen Material bzw. den gleichen Materialien gefertigt wie die unmittelbar an die Schwachstellen angrenzenden Bereiche der Abschalungsplatte 5.The material of
Bei einer zweischichtigen Abschalungsplatte 5, die eine Hauptplatte 38 und eine weitere Platte 40 umfasst, wobei die Platte 40 zumindest im Bereich der Schwachstellen als dünne Schicht 36 ausgebildet ist, können die beiden Platten 38, 40 aus dem gleichen oder alternativ aus unterschiedlichen Materialien gefertigt sein. Da die Platte 40 die Schwachstellen seitlich überragt, ist die Materialzusammensetzung der Abschalungsplatte 5 zumindest angrenzend an die Schwachstellen und zumindest im Bereich einer der Oberflächen bzw. Hauptseiten 34 der Abschalungsplatten 5 identisch mit jener der dünnen Schicht 36 im Bereich der SchwachstellenIn the case of a two-
Die
Bei
Selbstverständlich könnten eine oder beide Hauptseiten 34 einer Abschalungsplatte 5 teilweise oder vollständig mit einer Schutzschicht bedeckt sein (keine Darstellung), welche die Durchstossbarkeit der Schwachstellen nicht wesentlich beeinflusst. Eine solche Schutzschicht ist keine wesentliche Schicht im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung.Of course, one or both
Die in
Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung, wie sie in
In a further embodiment, as in
Die Ausnehmungen 33a und die Vertiefungen 33 liegen sich unmittelbar gegenüber und haben im Bereich der dünnen Schichten 36 vorzugsweise gleiche oder ähnliche Gestalt und Grösse.
Eine Gemeinsamkeit dieser Ausführungsformen liegt darin, dass zumindest auf einer der Hauptseiten 34 der Abschalungsplatte 5 das Material bzw. die Materialzusammensetzung im Bereich der Schwachstellen gleich ist wie in den unmittelbar an die Schwachstellen angrenzenden Bereichen der Abschalungsplatte 5.The
A common feature of these embodiments is that at least on one of the
Zur Erhöhung der Stabilität, insbesondere der Biegestabilität kann die Abschalungsplatte 5 zusätzlich eine Armierung 17 umfassen. Solche Armierungen 17 können einstückig ausgebildet sein oder mehrere nicht miteinander verbundene Teile umfassen.
Als Armierungen 17 können z.B. ebene oder mehrfach gebogene Lochbleche, gelochte Platten oder Gitterstrukturen verwendet werden. Im Bereich der Dünnstellen bzw. Schwachstellen oder Vertiefungen 33 der Abschalungsplatte 5 sind bei diesen Armierungen 17 Freiräume oder Löcher bzw. Durchbrechungen 29 (
Die Armierungsstrukturen können je nach Art und Material der Abschalungsplatte 5 z.B. durch Kleben oder andere Fügetechniken an der Oberfläche bzw. einer der Hauptseiten 34 mit der Abschalungsplatte 5 verbunden sein. Bei gegossenen oder gepressten Abschalungsplatten 5 sind die Armierungsstrukturen vorzugsweise mindestens teilweise in diese Abschalungsplatten 5 eingelassen.To increase the stability, in particular the bending stability, the shuttering
As
Depending on the type and material of the
Bei gegossenen Abschalungsplatten kann nach dem Befüllen der Form mit der Gussmasse vor deren Aushärtung die Armierung 17 mit beliebig vorgebbarer Eintauchtiefe in die Gussmasse eingelegt bzw. eingetaucht werden. Durch das Aushärten der Gussmasse wird die Armierung 17 fest mit der Abschalungsplatte 5 verbunden. Bei einschichtigen Abschalungsplatten 5 entspricht die Eintauchtiefe vorzugsweise etwa der Hälfte der Stärke d1 der Platte 5. Selbstverständlich können in analoger Weise auch bei zweischichtigen Abschalungsplatten 5 eine oder beide Schichten bzw. Lagen mit einer Armierung 17 verstärkt werden.
Alternativ können auch zwei oder mehrere vertikal ausgerichtete Formen nebeneinander ausgebildet sein, wodurch das gleichzeitige Befüllen mehrerer Formen ermöglicht wird.For poured shuttering panels, after the mold has been filled with the casting compound prior to its hardening, the
Alternatively, two or more vertically aligned shapes may be formed side by side, thereby enabling simultaneous filling of multiple shapes.
Als besonders vorteilhaft erweisen sich Armierungen 17 in Gestalt von mehrfach gebogenen bzw. umgeformten Drahtgittern 45.
Das vorerst ebene Drahtgitter 45 bzw. dessen Querdrähte 49 werden vorzugsweise so umgeformt, dass wellenförmige Bereiche 51 aus der Gitterebene hervorragen. Die benachbarten Maxima 53 bzw. konvex gekrümmten Wellenberge nebeneinanderliegender Querdrähte 49 sind jeweils durch einen aussen bzw. oben angeschweissten Längsdraht 47 miteinander verbunden. Am Fuss auf beiden Seiten der Wellenberge ist jeder Querdraht 49 konkav gekrümmt und geht je in einen linearen Abschnitt 55 über, der in der Gitterebene liegt. In den linearen Abschnitten 55 sind die Querdrähte 49 analog zu den Wellenbergen durch Längsdrähte 47 an der Gitteroberseite verbunden. Je zwei benachbarte Längsdrähte 47 und je zwei benachbarte Querdrähte 49 umrahmen somit in der Gitterebene jeweils rechteckige oder quadratische Gitteröffnungen 57.
The initially
Im Bereich der Schwachstellen bzw. der Vertiefungen 33 ist die Plattendicke so gering, dass diese Bereiche z.B. durch Aufschlagen mit einem Hammer vollständig oder teilweise ausgebrochen werden können. Beim Anbringen einer solchen Abschalungsplatte 5 als Zwischenschalung können Bewehrungen 31 die Abschalungsplatte 5 im Bereich der Schwachstellen mühelos durchdringen, wenn die Abschalungsplatte 5 gegen die Enden der vorstehenden Bewehrungsstangen (oder umgekehrt) gedrückt oder geschlagen wird. Je nach Art der Schwachstellen wird dann die scheibenartige Schwachstelle vollständig aus der Abschalungsplatte 5 ausgebrochen oder die Bewehrungsstangen durchdringen - ähnlich einem Nagel, der eingeschlagen wird - die Schwachstellen, ohne die gesamte Scheibe der Schwachstelle auszubrechen. Anschliessend wird die Abschalungsplatte 5 in der gewünschten Position an den Bewehrungsstangen und/oder an der Deckenschalung 11 befestigt. Mehrere Abschalungsplatten 5 können in gleicher Weise aneinander gereiht werden, sodass eine vollständige Abschalungsvorrichtung bzw. Zwischenschalung zum Betonieren eines Abschnitts des Bauteils oder Bauwerks entsteht. Abschalungsplatten 5 können auch gekrümmt sein und/oder mehrere Teilstücke umfassen, wobei je zwei aneinander angrenzende Teilstücke jeweils einen festen oder - bei scharnierartig zusammengesetzten Teilstücken - einen veränderlichen Winkel einschliessen.In the area of weak points or
Claims (11)
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2320001A2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | Pino Albanese | Device for producing a partial stop end and/or an expansion joint stop end on a concrete structure |
WO2015059322A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | Universidad De Sevilla | Structural system for overcoming thermal bridging in slab faces for ceramic façades |
Citations (2)
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EP0927796A1 (en) | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-07 | System Albanese | Form panel and system |
EP1327732A1 (en) | 2001-12-24 | 2003-07-16 | System Albanese | Edge shuttering for concrete slabs |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SE431667B (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1984-02-20 | Tremix Ab | SYSTEM FOR USE IN CASTING FLOORING AND SETS AND FORM FOR MANUFACTURING BALMS INCLUDING THE SYSTEM |
GB8709877D0 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1987-06-03 | Clifton R A | Concrete screed rails |
ES2067199T3 (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1995-03-16 | Brefeba Nv | CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT TO LIMIT A FRONT SURFACE OF A FORMWORK. |
EP1422355B1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2011-11-02 | Ankaba AG | Shuttering plate and methods of making and installing same |
-
2008
- 2008-01-17 EP EP08405013.7A patent/EP1947256B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0927796A1 (en) | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-07 | System Albanese | Form panel and system |
EP1327732A1 (en) | 2001-12-24 | 2003-07-16 | System Albanese | Edge shuttering for concrete slabs |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2320001A2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | Pino Albanese | Device for producing a partial stop end and/or an expansion joint stop end on a concrete structure |
WO2015059322A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | Universidad De Sevilla | Structural system for overcoming thermal bridging in slab faces for ceramic façades |
ES2537251A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-06-03 | Universidad De Sevilla | Structural system against the thermal bridge in front of slabs for ceramic facades (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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EP1947256A3 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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