EP1926175A1 - Rod antenna with segmentally different antenna coils - Google Patents

Rod antenna with segmentally different antenna coils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1926175A1
EP1926175A1 EP07016698A EP07016698A EP1926175A1 EP 1926175 A1 EP1926175 A1 EP 1926175A1 EP 07016698 A EP07016698 A EP 07016698A EP 07016698 A EP07016698 A EP 07016698A EP 1926175 A1 EP1926175 A1 EP 1926175A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
rod
winding
carrier
support rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07016698A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Riedhofer
Marc Setzer
Joachim Kordass
Günther Blickle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirschmann Car Communication GmbH
Original Assignee
Hirschmann Car Communication GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirschmann Car Communication GmbH filed Critical Hirschmann Car Communication GmbH
Publication of EP1926175A1 publication Critical patent/EP1926175A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rod antenna for mobile applications, which is designed for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals.
  • Rod antennas for mobile applications in particular for attachment to motor vehicles, are known in principle. These have at the end a fastener with which the rod antenna is attached to the motor vehicle. Based on this, there is an antenna rod which has an antenna conductor structure in its interior. For optimum transmission and / or reception of high-frequency signals in certain frequency bands, it is necessary to tune the length of the antenna rod to the frequency band to be received. For reception in the VHF frequency range, the length of the antenna rod is too large for a quarter-wave tuning, since this makes the length of the antenna rod too large. Therefore, the antenna conductor pattern has been arranged helically to shorten the length of the antenna rod.
  • the mechanical length of the antenna rod for example, for the VHF frequency range of about 700 to 800 mm in length to 180 to 400 mm shortened.
  • Another way of shortening the length of the antenna rod can be achieved by the incorporation of an inductor, in particular a concentrated inductance in the vicinity of the foot (ie the fastener). If the installation location of the same inductance is shifted in the direction of the end of the antenna rod, only a smaller shortening results. By inserting further inductances, areas of the antenna rod can be separated, which enable further resonances of the antenna rod as half-wave dipoles.
  • the side effect of additional inductance in the antenna structure is that the bandwidth of the rod antenna disadvantageously becomes narrower. Different mounting positions of the additional inductance in the course of the antenna conductor structure of the antenna rod thus require a different bandwidth. If the concentrated coil is mounted at a height such that the part of the antenna radiator located below the coil is a monopole for a higher frequency (or another frequency band), a rod antenna, with which one receives two frequency bands, is obtained with suitable dimensioning of the coil can, but which is extremely narrowband due to their construction (see also the DE 44 33 724 C2 ).
  • the invention is based on the Aufgage, a rod antenna for mobile applications, which is designed for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals to provide that is broadband compared to known rod antennas and compared to known antennas is much easier to produce, since the known rod antennas a require complex assembly, since between the antenna conductor structure inductors, which are to be handled as separate components, must be arranged and switched.
  • the rod antenna is designed to transmit and / or receive a plurality of different frequency bands and for this purpose the antenna conductor structure is configured differently in sections, the design being dependent on the respective frequency band.
  • the antenna conductor structure as a single component realizes both antenna radiators (sections of the antenna conductor structure for transmitting and / or receiving the high-frequency signals) and inductors which separate the individual sections of the antenna conductor structure in order to be able to receive a plurality of different frequency bands.
  • the essential advantage of the rod antenna according to the invention over the previously known rod antennas is that the antenna conductor structure realizes both antenna radiators and inductors in a single component.
  • tuning to the respective frequency bands as well as the production of the rod antenna can be substantially simplified with the antenna conductor structure, so that the finished rod antenna achieves a substantially better bandwidth than previously different ones Antenna conductor structures, which were interconnected by means of additional inductances high frequency.
  • the antenna conductor structure is formed as a meander-shaped conductor track which is arranged on a corresponding rigid carrier (printed circuit board) or flexible carrier (carrier foil), wherein the correspondingly formed carrier has a shape corresponding to the rod antenna.
  • the carrier foil may be tapered or cylindrically rolled to form the antenna rod and surrounded by the shell.
  • the antenna conductor structure consists of an antenna winding which is wound onto the carrier with sections of different pitches for generating a radiator or an inductance. Care must be taken to ensure that the wound areas do not touch each other so that no high frequency short circuit occurs. This is the case in particular in the areas in which an inductance is to be generated, for which purpose, for example, a lacquered copper wire is used.
  • the figures 1 to 6 show, as far as shown in detail, a rod antenna with the reference numeral 1, which has an approximately circular cross-section antenna rod 2, at the end of a fastener 3, for example, for screwing into a corresponding holder on a vehicle.
  • This outer shape of the rod antenna 1 is basically known and can vary depending on the transmission and / or reception properties which the rod antenna is to have.
  • the inventive construction of the rod antenna 1 can be seen in Figure 2, wherein in the interior of the rod antenna 1, more precisely, the antenna rod 2, a support rod 4, is located.
  • This may be, for example, a glass fiber rod or a rod of a corresponding other material, which is relatively rigid, but can be elastically deformed within certain small limits.
  • An antenna winding 5 with different winding sections 51-56 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is wound on this support bar 4.
  • the different winding sections 51-56 form, depending on their pitch, emitters for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals in certain frequency bands (eg 53, 54, 56) or inductors (for example 52 or 55).
  • the end of the antenna winding 5 is connected either directly to the fastening element 3, which produces the high-frequency connection between the rod antenna 1 and a corresponding transmitting and / or receiving device.
  • the support rod 4 at the end a connection piece 6, with which the support rod 4 is connected for example with the fastening element 3.
  • connection piece 6 is smaller in diameter than the support rod 4 itself, wherein an intermediate piece 7, designed here as a spring element, the connection between the support rod 4 and the fastener 3 produces.
  • the fastening element 3 also has a connecting piece 8, wherein the ends of the formed as a spring intermediate piece 7 are pressed onto the connecting pieces 6 and 8.
  • Alternative connection possibilities between the support rod 4 and the intermediate piece 7 can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, in which case a further connecting piece 13 is present between the support rod 4 and the intermediate piece 7, if the support rod 4 has a diameter at the end that is greater than that Inner diameter of the connecting piece 7.
  • the connecting piece 13 is approximately funnel-shaped, while the Connector 13 is formed according to Figure 6 as a sleeve.
  • the intermediate piece 7 it is conceivable to make the intermediate piece 7 not as a spring, but from solid material, in which the connecting pieces 6, 8 are inserted and pressed or otherwise secured.
  • the area of the antenna rod 2 that is to say in the region of the support rod 4
  • it is important that the area of the antenna rod 2 is relatively rigid, whereas in the region of the intermediate piece 7 a larger elastic area is possible Deformability can be permitted with appropriate restoring moment. If these basic conditions are not met, it is also conceivable to guide the carrier rod 4 into the fastening element 3, and fix it there.
  • the antenna winding 5 wound on the support rod 4 is surrounded by an insulation 9.
  • This insulation 9 causes the sections differently shaped antenna winding 5 is fixed during encapsulation of the rod antenna 1 with a sheath 10 in position and the individual windings are not movable on the support rod 4 during the injection process.
  • This insulation 9 may be, for example, an adhesive layer between the support rod 4 and the antenna winding 5, but also an adhesive tape or a heat-shrinkable tube which is mounted on the support rod 4 after winding up the antenna winding 5.
  • the support rod 4 is deflected to appropriate length and provided with a paragraph (connector 6). Subsequently, by means of a winding machine, the application of the antenna winding 5 with the different sections (eg 51 to 56) and the fixing of the applied antenna winding 5 on the support rod 4 by means of the insulation 9. The end of the antenna winding 5 is guided into the region of the connecting piece 6 and electrically contacted with the there to be applied spacer 7 (eg soldered). For this purpose, the antenna winding 5 must be exposed, for example, if it is a copper enameled wire.
  • FIG. 7 shows the rod antenna 1, in which the carrier is designed as a rigid carrier or, as shown in FIG. 7, as a carrier foil 11.
  • a conductive structure is applied in a meandering manner (for example, printed as a printed conductor 12) so that resonances in the finished bar antenna 11 are set in a plurality of frequency bands. These resonances are directly attributable to the individual, different sections of the conductor track 12.
  • the two rod antennas 1 shown in the figures and described above have the advantage that a single rod antenna 1 for different frequency ranges is produced by the differently-shaped antenna windings 51 to 56 or the meander-shaped conductor track 12.
  • These frequency ranges are, for example, long wave, medium wave, short wave, VHF or telephone or corresponding combinations of the aforementioned frequency ranges.
  • a novel rod antenna can be realized, which is compact (in particular short) built, easy to manufacture and has a large bandwidth.
  • the frequency bands with amplitude modulated signal long wave, medium wave and short wave are coupled high impedance, while in all other bands (FM bands) the rod antenna has adaptation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The antenna (1) has an antenna rod (2) with a carrier on which an antenna conductor structure e.g., conductor strip, is arranged. The carrier is surrounded by a sheathing (10). A fastening element (3) is provided on an end-side of the antenna. The antenna is formed for transmitting and receiving signals in different frequency bands, where the design of the antenna is dependent on the frequency bands. The carrier is designed as a flexible or rigid carrier film. The structure is designed differently in continuous and sectional manner. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a rod antenna.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stabantenne für mobile Anwendungen, die zum Senden und/oder Empfangen hochfrequenter Signale ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a rod antenna for mobile applications, which is designed for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals.

Stabantennen für mobile Anwendungen, insbesondere zur Befestigung an Kraftfahrzeugen, sind grundsätzlich bekannt. Diese weisen endseitig ein Befestigungselement auf, mit dem die Stabantenne am Kraftfahrzeug befestigt wird. Davon ausgehend befindet sich eine Antennenrute, die in ihrem Inneren eine Antennenleiterstruktur aufweist. Zum optimalen Senden und/oder Empfangen hochfrequenter Signale in bestimmten Frequenzbändern ist eine Abstimmung der Länge der Antennenrute auf das zu empfangende Frequenzband erforderlich. Zum Empfang im UKW-Frequenzbereich ist die Länge der Antennenrute bei einer Lambda-Viertel-Abstimmung zu groß, da dadurch die Länge der Antennenrute zu groß wird. Daher wurde die Antennenleiterstruktur zur Verkürzung der Länge der Antennenrute wendelförmig angeordnet. Damit konnte die mechanische Länge der Antennenrute z.B. für den UKW-Frequenzbereich von ca. 700 bis 800 mm Länge auf 180 bis 400 mm verkürzt werden. Eine andere Art der Verkürzung der Länge der Antennenrute kann durch den Einbau einer Induktivität, insbesondere einer konzentrierten Induktivität in der Nähe des Fußes (also des Befestigungselementes), erreicht werden. Wird der Einbauort der gleichen Induktivität in Richtung des Endes der Antennenrute verschoben, ergibt sich lediglich eine kleinere Verkürzung. Durch das Einfügen von weiteren Induktivitäten können Bereiche der Antennenrute abgetrennt werden, die als Lambda-Halbe-Dipole weitere Resonanzen der Antennenrute ermöglichen. Für die erste so genannten Lambda-Viertel-Resonanz der Stabantenne gilt: Die Nebenwirkung von zusätzlicher Induktivität in der Anntennleiterstruktur ist, dass die Bandbreite der Stabantenne in nachteiliger Weise schmaler wird. Unterschiedlich hohe Einbaupositionen der zusätzlichen Induktivität im Verlauf der Antennenleiterstruktur der Antennenrute bedingen also eine unterschiedlich große Bandbreite. Wird die konzentrierte Spule in einer Höhe angebracht, dass der unterhalb der Spule liegende Teil des Antennenstrahlers ein Monopol für eine höhere Frequenz (bzw. ein anderes Frequenzband) darstellt, erhält man bei geeigneter Dimensionierung der Spule eine Stabantenne, mit der man zwar zwei Frequenzbänder empfangen kann, die aber auf Grund ihrer Konstruktion äußerst schmalbandig ist (s. hierzu auch die DE 44 33 724 C2 ).Rod antennas for mobile applications, in particular for attachment to motor vehicles, are known in principle. These have at the end a fastener with which the rod antenna is attached to the motor vehicle. Based on this, there is an antenna rod which has an antenna conductor structure in its interior. For optimum transmission and / or reception of high-frequency signals in certain frequency bands, it is necessary to tune the length of the antenna rod to the frequency band to be received. For reception in the VHF frequency range, the length of the antenna rod is too large for a quarter-wave tuning, since this makes the length of the antenna rod too large. Therefore, the antenna conductor pattern has been arranged helically to shorten the length of the antenna rod. Thus, the mechanical length of the antenna rod, for example, for the VHF frequency range of about 700 to 800 mm in length to 180 to 400 mm shortened. Another way of shortening the length of the antenna rod can be achieved by the incorporation of an inductor, in particular a concentrated inductance in the vicinity of the foot (ie the fastener). If the installation location of the same inductance is shifted in the direction of the end of the antenna rod, only a smaller shortening results. By inserting further inductances, areas of the antenna rod can be separated, which enable further resonances of the antenna rod as half-wave dipoles. For the first so-called quarter-wave resonance of the rod antenna: the side effect of additional inductance in the antenna structure is that the bandwidth of the rod antenna disadvantageously becomes narrower. Different mounting positions of the additional inductance in the course of the antenna conductor structure of the antenna rod thus require a different bandwidth. If the concentrated coil is mounted at a height such that the part of the antenna radiator located below the coil is a monopole for a higher frequency (or another frequency band), a rod antenna, with which one receives two frequency bands, is obtained with suitable dimensioning of the coil can, but which is extremely narrowband due to their construction (see also the DE 44 33 724 C2 ).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgage zu Grunde, eine Stabantenne für mobile Anwendungen, die zum Senden und/oder Empfangen hochfrequenter Signale ausgebildet ist, bereit zu stellen, die gegenüber bekannten Stabantennen breitbandiger ist und gegenüber bekannten Antennen wesentlich einfacher herzustellen ist, da die bekannten Stabantennen einen aufwändigen Zusammenbau erfordern, da zwischen die Antennenleiterstruktur Induktivitäten, die als separate Bauteile zu handhaben sind, angeordnet und geschaltet werden müssen.The invention is based on the Aufgage, a rod antenna for mobile applications, which is designed for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals to provide that is broadband compared to known rod antennas and compared to known antennas is much easier to produce, since the known rod antennas a require complex assembly, since between the antenna conductor structure inductors, which are to be handled as separate components, must be arranged and switched.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Stabantenne zum Senden und/oder Empfangen mehrerer unterschiedlicher Frequenzbänder ausgebildet ist und hierfür die Antennenleiterstruktur abschnittsweise unterschiedlich gestaltet ist, wobei die Gestaltung von dem jeweiligen Frequenzband abhängig ist. Die Antenneleiterstruktur als ein einziges Bauteil realisiert erfindungsgemäß sowohl Antennenstrahler (Abschnitte der Antennenleiterstruktur zum Senden und/oder Empfangen der hochfrequenten Signale) als auch Induktivitäten, die die einzelnen Abschnitte der Antennenleiterstruktur voneinander trennen, um somit mehrere unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder empfangen zu können. Der wesentliche Vorteil der Stabantenne gemäß der Erfindung gegenüber den bisher bekannten Stabantennen ist derjenige, dass die Antennenleiterstruktur in einem einzigen Bauteil sowohl Antennenstrahler als auch Induktivitäten realisiert. Dadurch kann mit der Antennenleiterstruktur die Abstimmung auf die jeweiligen Frequenzbänder sowie die Herstellung der Stabantenne wesentlich vereinfacht werden, so dass die fertige Stabantenne eine wesentlich bessere Bandbreite erzielt, als bisherige unterschiedliche Antennenleiterstrukturen, die mittels zusätzlicher Induktivitäten hochfrequenzmäßig zusammengeschaltet waren.According to the invention, it is provided that the rod antenna is designed to transmit and / or receive a plurality of different frequency bands and for this purpose the antenna conductor structure is configured differently in sections, the design being dependent on the respective frequency band. According to the invention, the antenna conductor structure as a single component realizes both antenna radiators (sections of the antenna conductor structure for transmitting and / or receiving the high-frequency signals) and inductors which separate the individual sections of the antenna conductor structure in order to be able to receive a plurality of different frequency bands. The essential advantage of the rod antenna according to the invention over the previously known rod antennas is that the antenna conductor structure realizes both antenna radiators and inductors in a single component. As a result, tuning to the respective frequency bands as well as the production of the rod antenna can be substantially simplified with the antenna conductor structure, so that the finished rod antenna achieves a substantially better bandwidth than previously different ones Antenna conductor structures, which were interconnected by means of additional inductances high frequency.

Zur Realisierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Stabantenne sind z.B. zwei Möglichkeiten denkbar, wobei die Erfindung darauf jedoch nicht beschränkt ist. Zum einen ist es denkbar, dass die Antennenleiterstruktur als eine mäanderförmige Leiterbahn ausgebildet ist, die auf einem entsprechenden starren Träger (Leiterplatte) oder flexiblem Träger (Trägerfolie) angeordnet ist, wobei der entsprechend ausgebildete Träger eine der Stabantenne entsprechende Form aufweist.To realize a rod antenna according to the invention, e.g. two possibilities conceivable, but the invention is not limited thereto. On the one hand, it is conceivable that the antenna conductor structure is formed as a meander-shaped conductor track which is arranged on a corresponding rigid carrier (printed circuit board) or flexible carrier (carrier foil), wherein the correspondingly formed carrier has a shape corresponding to the rod antenna.

Da heutzutage längliche Stabantennen mit einem kreisrunden oder elliptischen Querschnitt Standard sind, kann die Trägerfolie konisch oder zylindrisch zur Bildung der Antennenrute gerollt und von der Ummantelung umgeben sein.Nowadays, elongated rod antennas having a circular or elliptical cross-section are standard, so the carrier foil may be tapered or cylindrically rolled to form the antenna rod and surrounded by the shell.

Die weitere Lösung besteht darin, dass die Antennenleiterstruktur aus einer Antennenwicklung besteht, die mit abschnittsweise unterschiedlichen Steigungen zur Erzeugung eines Strahlers bzw. einer Induktivität auf den Träger aufgewickelt wird. Dabei muss darauf geachtet werden, dass die aufgewickelten Bereiche sich nicht berühren, damit hochfrequenzmäßig kein Kurzschluss entsteht. Dies ist insbesondere in den Bereichen der Fall, in denen eine Induktivität erzeugt werden soll, wozu beispielsweise ein gelackter Kupferdraht zum Einsatz kommt.The further solution consists in that the antenna conductor structure consists of an antenna winding which is wound onto the carrier with sections of different pitches for generating a radiator or an inductance. Care must be taken to ensure that the wound areas do not touch each other so that no high frequency short circuit occurs. This is the case in particular in the areas in which an inductance is to be generated, for which purpose, for example, a lacquered copper wire is used.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, auf die diese jedoch nicht beschränkt ist, sind in den Unteransprüchen und in den Figuren angegeben und im Folgenden beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention, to which, however, is not limited, are given in the subclaims and in the figures and described below.

Es zeigen:

Figuren 1 bis 6:
Eine Stabantenne mit einem stabförmigen Träger, auf den abschnittsweise eine Antennenwicklung mit abschnittsweise unterschiedlichen Steigungen gewickelt ist,
Figur 7:
Eine Stabantenne mit einer Trägerfolie, auf der mäanderförmige Antennenwicklungen angeordnet sind.
Show it:
FIGS. 1 to 6:
A rod antenna with a rod-shaped carrier, on which an antenna winding is wound in sections with sections of different pitches,
FIG. 7:
A rod antenna with a carrier film, are arranged on the meander-shaped antenna windings.

Die Figuren 1 bis 6 zeigen, soweit im Einzelnen dargestellt, eine Stabantenne mit der Bezugsziffer 1, die eine in etwa runden Querschnitt aufweisende Antennenrute 2 besitzt, an der sich endseitig ein Befestigungselement 3 beispielsweise zum Einschrauben in einen entsprechenden Halter an einem Fahrzeug befindet. Diese äußere Form der Stabantenne 1 ist grundsätzlich bekannt und kann je nach Sende-und/oder Empfangseigenschaften, die die Stabantenne haben soll, variieren. Der erfindungsgemäße Aufbau der Stabantenne 1 ist in Figur 2 zu erkennen, wobei im Inneren der Stabantenne 1, genauer der Antennenrute 2, sich ein Trägerstab 4, befindet. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Glasfiberstab oder einen Stab aus einem entsprechenden anderen Material handeln, das relativ Biegesteif ist, sich in gewissen kleinen Grenzen aber elastisch verformen lässt. Auf diesem Trägerstab 4 ist eine Antennenwicklung 5 mit unterschiedlichen Wicklungsabschnitten 51-56 (s. Figuren 3 und 4) aufgewickelt. Die unterschiedlichen Wicklungsabschnitte 51-56 bilden, je nach ihrer Steigung, Strahler zum Senden und/oder Empfangen hochfrequenter Signale in bestimmten Frequenzbändern (z.B. 53, 54, 56) oder Induktivitäten (beispielsweise 52 oder 55). Das Ende der Antennenwicklung 5 ist entweder direkt mit dem Befestigungselement 3 verbunden, das die hochfrequente Verbindung zwischen der Stabantenne 1 und einem entsprechenden Sende-und/oder Empfangsgerät herstellt. Bei der Stabantenne 1 gemäß Figur 2 weist der Trägerstab 4 endseitig ein Anschlussstück 6 auf, mit dem der Trägerstab 4 z.B. mit dem Befestigungselement 3 verbunden ist. Hier ist das Anschlussstück 6 allerdings im Durchmesser kleiner als der Trägerstab 4 selber, wobei ein Zwischenstück 7, hier ausgebildet als Federelement, die Verbindung zwischen dem Trägerstab 4 und dem Befestigungselement 3 herstellt. Vorzugsweise mit dem gleichen Durchmesser des Anschlussstücks 6 des Trägerstabes 4 weist das Befestigungselement 3 ebenfalls ein Anschlussstück 8 auf, wobei die Enden des als Feder ausgebildeten Zwischenstückes 7 auf die Anschlussstücke 6 und 8 aufgepresst werden. Alternative Verbindungsmöglichkeiten zwischen dem Trägerstab 4 und dem Zwischenstück 7 sind in den Figuren 5 und 6 erkennbar, wobei dann zwischen den Trägerstab 4 und dem Zwischenstück 7 ein weiteres Verbindungsstück 13 vorhanden ist, wenn der Trägerstab 4 endseitig einen Durchmesser aufweist, der größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Verbindungsstückes 7. Hierzu ist gemäß Figur 5 das Verbindungsstück 13 in etwa trichterförmig ausgebildet, während das Verbindungsstück 13 gemäß Figur 6 als Hülse ausgebildet ist. Alternativ ist es denkbar, das Zwischenstück 7 nicht als Feder, sondern aus Vollmaterial herzustellen, in das die Anschlussstücke 6, 8 eingesteckt und verpresst oder sonst wie befestigt werden. Dabei ist es je nach Anforderung, die an die Stabantenne 1 gestellt wird, wichtig, dass der Bereich der Antennenrute 2 (also im Bereich des Trägerstabes 4) relativ Biegesteif ist, wohingegen im Bereich des Zwischenstückes 7 gegenüber dem Bereich des Trägerstabes 4 eine größere elastische Verformbarkeit mit entsprechendem Rückstellmoment zugelassen werden kann. Sind diese Rahmenbedingungen nicht gegeben, ist es auch denkbar, den Trägerstab 4 bis in das Befestigungselement 3 hineinzuführen, und dort festzulegen.The figures 1 to 6 show, as far as shown in detail, a rod antenna with the reference numeral 1, which has an approximately circular cross-section antenna rod 2, at the end of a fastener 3, for example, for screwing into a corresponding holder on a vehicle. This outer shape of the rod antenna 1 is basically known and can vary depending on the transmission and / or reception properties which the rod antenna is to have. The inventive construction of the rod antenna 1 can be seen in Figure 2, wherein in the interior of the rod antenna 1, more precisely, the antenna rod 2, a support rod 4, is located. This may be, for example, a glass fiber rod or a rod of a corresponding other material, which is relatively rigid, but can be elastically deformed within certain small limits. An antenna winding 5 with different winding sections 51-56 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is wound on this support bar 4. The different winding sections 51-56 form, depending on their pitch, emitters for transmitting and / or receiving high-frequency signals in certain frequency bands (eg 53, 54, 56) or inductors (for example 52 or 55). The end of the antenna winding 5 is connected either directly to the fastening element 3, which produces the high-frequency connection between the rod antenna 1 and a corresponding transmitting and / or receiving device. In the rod antenna 1 according to Figure 2, the support rod 4 at the end a connection piece 6, with which the support rod 4 is connected for example with the fastening element 3. Here, however, the connection piece 6 is smaller in diameter than the support rod 4 itself, wherein an intermediate piece 7, designed here as a spring element, the connection between the support rod 4 and the fastener 3 produces. Preferably, with the same diameter of the connecting piece 6 of the support rod 4, the fastening element 3 also has a connecting piece 8, wherein the ends of the formed as a spring intermediate piece 7 are pressed onto the connecting pieces 6 and 8. Alternative connection possibilities between the support rod 4 and the intermediate piece 7 can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, in which case a further connecting piece 13 is present between the support rod 4 and the intermediate piece 7, if the support rod 4 has a diameter at the end that is greater than that Inner diameter of the connecting piece 7. For this purpose, according to Figure 5, the connecting piece 13 is approximately funnel-shaped, while the Connector 13 is formed according to Figure 6 as a sleeve. Alternatively, it is conceivable to make the intermediate piece 7 not as a spring, but from solid material, in which the connecting pieces 6, 8 are inserted and pressed or otherwise secured. Depending on the requirement placed on the rod antenna 1, it is important that the area of the antenna rod 2 (that is to say in the region of the support rod 4) is relatively rigid, whereas in the region of the intermediate piece 7 a larger elastic area is possible Deformability can be permitted with appropriate restoring moment. If these basic conditions are not met, it is also conceivable to guide the carrier rod 4 into the fastening element 3, and fix it there.

In Figur 2 ist noch erkennbar, dass die auf dem Trägerstab 4 aufgewickelte Antennenwicklung 5, beispielsweise aus Kupferlackdraht bestehend, von einer Isolierung 9 umgeben ist. Diese Isolierung 9 bewirkt, dass sich die abschnittsweise unterschiedlich gestaltete Antennenwicklung 5 beim Umspritzen der Stabantenne 1 mit einer Ummantelung 10 in ihrer Lage fixiert ist und die einzelnen Wicklungen nicht auf dem Trägerstab 4 während des Spritzvorganges bewegbar sind. Diese Isolierung 9 kann beispielsweise eine Klebeschicht zwischen dem Trägerstab 4 und der Antennenwicklung 5 sein, aber auch ein Klebeband oder ein Schrumpfschlauch, der nach dem Aufwickeln der Antennenwicklung 5 auf dem Trägerstab 4 angebracht wird.It can also be seen in FIG. 2 that the antenna winding 5 wound on the support rod 4, for example comprising copper enameled wire, is surrounded by an insulation 9. This insulation 9 causes the sections differently shaped antenna winding 5 is fixed during encapsulation of the rod antenna 1 with a sheath 10 in position and the individual windings are not movable on the support rod 4 during the injection process. This insulation 9 may be, for example, an adhesive layer between the support rod 4 and the antenna winding 5, but also an adhesive tape or a heat-shrinkable tube which is mounted on the support rod 4 after winding up the antenna winding 5.

Ein beispielhaftes, aber nicht einschränkendes Herstellverfahren der Stabantenne 1 gemäß Figur 2 wird noch im Folgenden erläutert.An exemplary, but not limiting manufacturing method of the rod antenna 1 according to Figure 2 will be explained below.

Der Trägerstab 4 wird auf entsprechende Länge abgelenkt und mit einem Absatz (Anschlussstück 6) versehen. Anschließend erfolgt mittels eines Wickelautomaten das Aufbringen der Antennenwicklung 5 mit den unterschiedlichen Abschnitten (z.B. 51 bis 56) und das Festlegen der aufgebrachten Antennenwicklung 5 auf dem Trägerstab 4 mittels der Isolierung 9. Das Ende der Antennenwicklung 5 wird bis in den Bereich des Anschlussstückes 6 geführt und elektrisch mit dem dort aufzubringenden Zwischenstück 7 kontaktiert (z.B. verlötet). Hierzu muss die Antennenwicklung 5 freigelegt werden, beispielsweise wenn es sich um einen Kupferlackdraht handelt. Anschließend erfolgt am anderen Ende des Zwischenstückes 7 das Anbringen des elektrisch leitfähigen Befestigungselementes 3, wobei danach dieses fertige Gebilde ("Innenleben" der Stabantenne 1) in ein Spritzgusswerkzeug eingelegt und vollständig mit der Ummantelung 10 umspritzt wird (bis auf den untersten Gewindezapfen des Befestigungselementes 3). Der ganz wesentliche Vorteil einer derart hergestellten Stabantenne 1 ist der, dass der Wickelautomat so eingestellt und betrieben werden kann, dass die unterschiedlichen Wicklungsabschnitte 51 bis 56 zur Erzielung von Antennenstrahlern bzw. Induktivitäten herstellbar sind. Damit ist eine ganz wesentliche Vereinfachung bei der Herstellung der Stabantenne 1 gegeben, da die einzelnen Abschnitte der Antennenrute 2 nicht mehr separat (Wicklungsabschnitte und zusätzliche Induktivitäten) hergestellt und elektrisch miteinander verbunden werden müssen. Damit bietet die Erfindung auch den Vorteil, dass Fehlfunktionen der Stabantenne 1 ausgeschlossen sind, da schlechte oder gar keine Verbindungen (insbesondere Lötverbindungen) zwischen Antennenwicklung und Induktivität entstehen können bzw. diese mit der Erfindung vermieden werden.The support rod 4 is deflected to appropriate length and provided with a paragraph (connector 6). Subsequently, by means of a winding machine, the application of the antenna winding 5 with the different sections (eg 51 to 56) and the fixing of the applied antenna winding 5 on the support rod 4 by means of the insulation 9. The end of the antenna winding 5 is guided into the region of the connecting piece 6 and electrically contacted with the there to be applied spacer 7 (eg soldered). For this purpose, the antenna winding 5 must be exposed, for example, if it is a copper enameled wire. Subsequently, at the other end of the Intermediate 7 attaching the electrically conductive fastener 3, after which this finished structure ("inner life" of the rod antenna 1) inserted into an injection mold and completely encapsulated with the sheath 10 (except for the lowermost threaded pin of the fastener 3). The very important advantage of a rod antenna 1 produced in this way is that the automatic winding machine can be set and operated such that the different winding sections 51 to 56 can be produced to achieve antenna radiators or inductors. This is a very significant simplification in the production of the rod antenna 1 given that the individual sections of the antenna rod 2 no longer separately (winding sections and additional inductances) must be prepared and electrically connected to each other. Thus, the invention also offers the advantage that malfunction of the rod antenna 1 are excluded because poor or no connections (in particular solder joints) between the antenna winding and inductance can arise or they are avoided with the invention.

Figur 7 schließlich zeigt die Stabantenne 1, bei der der Träger als starrer Träger, oder wie in der Figur 7 dargestellt, als Trägerfolie 11 ausgebildet ist. Auf der beispielsweise rechteckigen oder trapezförmigen Kunststoff-Trägerfolie 11 wird eine leitfähige Struktur derart mäanderförmig aufgebracht (z.B. als Leiterbahn 12 aufgedruckt), dass sich bei der fertigen Stabantenne 11 Resonanzen in mehreren Frequenzbändern einstellen. Diese Resonanzen sind direkt auf die einzelnen unterschiedlichen abschnittsweisen Gestaltungen der Leiterbahn 12 zurückzuführen. Die z.B. zylindrisch oder konisch zusammengerollte Trägerfolie 11 wird direkt oder unter Zwischenschaltung eines Zwischenstückes (s. Figuren 2 bis 6) mit dem Befestigungselement 3 mechanisch und elektrisch verbunden, so dass ein elektrischer Kontakt zwischen dem metallischen Befestigungselement 3 (Gewindefußteil) und den elektrisch leitfähigen aufgedruckten Strukturen der Kunststoff-Trägerfolie 11 entsteht. Anschließend wird die Ummantelung 10 angebracht, wieder z.B. in einem Kunststoff-Spritzgussverfahren oder auch in einem anderen denkbaren Verfahren, um das "Innenleben" der Stabantenne 1 wetterfest zu machen und vor äußeren mechanischen Einflüssen zu schützen.Finally, FIG. 7 shows the rod antenna 1, in which the carrier is designed as a rigid carrier or, as shown in FIG. 7, as a carrier foil 11. On the rectangular or trapezoidal plastic carrier foil 11, for example, a conductive structure is applied in a meandering manner (for example, printed as a printed conductor 12) so that resonances in the finished bar antenna 11 are set in a plurality of frequency bands. These resonances are directly attributable to the individual, different sections of the conductor track 12. The carrier film 11, which is rolled up, for example, cylindrically or conically, is mechanically and electrically connected directly or with the interposition of an intermediate piece (see Figures 2 to 6), so that an electrical contact between the metallic fastener 3 (threaded foot) and the electrically conductive printed Structures of the plastic carrier film 11 is formed. Subsequently, the sheath 10 is attached, again, for example, in a plastic injection molding process or in another conceivable method to make the "inner workings" of the rod antenna 1 weatherproof and to protect against external mechanical influences.

Die beiden in den Figuren gezeigten und vorstehend beschriebenen Stabantennen 1 haben den Vorteil, dass durch die abschnittsweise unterschiedlichen Antennenwicklungen 51 bis 56 bzw. die mäanderförmig ausgebildete Leiterbahn 12 eine einzige Stabantenne 1 für unterschiedliche Frequenzbereiche entsteht. Bei diesen Frequenzbereichen handelt es sich beispielsweise um Langwelle, Mittelwelle, Kurzwelle, UKW oder Telefon bzw. entsprechende Kombinationen der genannten Frequenzbereiche. So kann beispielsweise mit der erfindungsgemäßen Stabantenne 1 eine neuartige Stabantenne realisiert werden, die kompakt (insbesondere kurz) gebaut ist, sich leicht herstellen lässt und eine große Bandbreite aufweist. Auf Grund der abschnittsweise unterschiedlichen Antennenwicklungen bzw. abschnittsweise unterschiedlichen Leiterbahnen kann z.B. eine einzige Stabantenne für die Frequenzbereiche Langwelle (153-279 kHz), Mittelwelle (522-1710 kHz), Kurzwelle (5900-6250 kHz), UKW (87,5-108 MHz), Telefon (z.B. 170-230 MHz) sowie DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) (1452-1492 MHz), realisiert werden. Die Frequenzbänder mit amplitudenmoduliertem Signal Langwelle, Mittelwelle sowie Kurzwelle werden hochohmig ausgekoppelt, während in allen anderen Bändern (FM-Bänder) die Stabantenne Anpassung hat.The two rod antennas 1 shown in the figures and described above have the advantage that a single rod antenna 1 for different frequency ranges is produced by the differently-shaped antenna windings 51 to 56 or the meander-shaped conductor track 12. These frequency ranges are, for example, long wave, medium wave, short wave, VHF or telephone or corresponding combinations of the aforementioned frequency ranges. Thus, for example, with the rod antenna 1 according to the invention a novel rod antenna can be realized, which is compact (in particular short) built, easy to manufacture and has a large bandwidth. For example, a single rod antenna for the frequency ranges long wave (153-279 kHz), medium wave (522-1710 kHz), short wave (5900-6250 kHz), VHF (87.5-108 MHz), telephone (eg 170-230 MHz) and DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) (1452-1492 MHz). The frequency bands with amplitude modulated signal long wave, medium wave and short wave are coupled high impedance, while in all other bands (FM bands) the rod antenna has adaptation.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1.
Stabantennerod antenna
2.Second
Antennenruteantenna rod
3.Third
Befestigungselementfastener
4.4th
Trägerstabsupport bar
5.5th
Antennenwicklungantenna winding
6.6th
Anschlußstückconnector
7.7th
Zwischenstückconnecting piece
8.8th.
Anschlußstückconnector
9.9th
Isolierunginsulation
10.10th
Ummantelungjacket
11.11th
Trägerfoliesupport film
12.12th
Leiterbahnconductor path
13.13th
Verbindungsstückjoint

Claims (10)

Stabantenne (1), die zum Senden und/oder Empfangen hochfrequenter Signale ausgebildet ist, mit einer einen Träger, auf dem eine Antennenleiterstruktur angeordnet ist, aufweisenden Antennenrute (2), wobei der Träger mit der Antennenstruktur von einer Ummantelung umgeben ist und die Stabantenne (1) endseitig ein Befestigungselement (2) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stabantenne (1) zum Senden und/oder Empfangen unterschiedlicher Frequenzbänder ausgebildet ist und hierfür die Antennenleiterstruktur durchgehend und abschnittsweise unterschiedlich gestaltet ist, wobei die Gestaltung von dem jeweiligen Frequenzband abhängig ist.Rod antenna (1), which is designed to transmit and / or receive high-frequency signals, having a carrier, on which an antenna conductor structure is arranged, having antenna rod (2), wherein the carrier is surrounded by the antenna structure of a casing and the rod antenna ( 1) has a fastening element (2) at the end, characterized in that the rod antenna (1) is designed for transmitting and / or receiving different frequency bands and for this purpose the antenna conductor structure is designed to be continuous and in sections differently, the design being dependent on the respective frequency band. Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger eine starre oder flexible Trägerfolie (11) mit darauf angeordneter und die Antennenleiterstruktur bildende Leiterbahn (12) ist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier is a rigid or flexible carrier foil (11) arranged thereon and forming the antenna conductor pattern conductor track (12). Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die flexible Trägerfolie (11) konisch oder zylindrisch zur Bildung der Antennenrute (2) gerollt und von der Ummantelung (10) anschließend umgeben ist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the flexible carrier foil (11) is conically or cylindrically rolled to form the antenna rod (2) and subsequently surrounded by the casing (10). Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennenrute (2) als Träger einen Trägerstab (4) aufweist, auf den eine einzige durchgehende Antennenwicklung (5) mit zumindest zwei unterschiedlich voneinander gewickelten Wicklungsabschnitten (51-56) aufgebracht ist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna rod (2) as a carrier has a support rod (4) on which a single continuous antenna winding (5) with at least two winding sections (51-56) wound differently from each other is applied. Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennenwicklung (5) mit dem Befestigungselement (3) direkt verbunden und elektrisch kontaktiert ist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the antenna winding (5) with the fastening element (3) is directly connected and electrically contacted. Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Befestigungselement (3) und dem ihm zugewandten Ende des Trägerstabes (4) ein insbesondere als Feder ausgebildetes Zwischenstück (7) angeordnet ist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that between the fastening element (3) and the end of the support rod (4) facing it, an intermediate piece (7), designed in particular as a spring, is arranged. Stabantenne (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Befestigungselement (3) und/oder der Trägerstab (4) endseitig ein Anschlussstück (6, 8) für das Zwischenstück (7) aufweist.Rod antenna (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the fastening element (3) and / or the support rod (4) end a connection piece (6, 8) for the intermediate piece (7). Stabantenne (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anschlussstück (6) des Trägerstabes (4) einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist als der Trägerstab (4) selber.Rod antenna (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the connecting piece (6) of the support rod (4) has a smaller diameter than the support rod (4) itself. Stabantenne (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennenwicklung (5) aus Kupferlackdraht besteht.Rod antenna (1) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the antenna winding (5) consists of enameled copper wire. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Stabantenne (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennenwicklung (5) mittels eines steuerbaren Wicklungsautomaten abschnittsweise mit unterschiedlichen Steigungen in dem jeweiligen Abschnitt auf den Trägerstab (4) aufgewickelt wird.A method for producing a rod antenna (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna winding (5) by means of a controllable winding machine sections with different pitches in the respective section on the support rod (4) is wound.
EP07016698A 2006-11-22 2007-08-25 Rod antenna with segmentally different antenna coils Withdrawn EP1926175A1 (en)

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DE102006055022A DE102006055022A1 (en) 2006-11-22 2006-11-22 Rod antenna with sections of different antenna windings

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