EP1838570A2 - Support flottant stabilise - Google Patents
Support flottant stabiliseInfo
- Publication number
- EP1838570A2 EP1838570A2 EP06709110A EP06709110A EP1838570A2 EP 1838570 A2 EP1838570 A2 EP 1838570A2 EP 06709110 A EP06709110 A EP 06709110A EP 06709110 A EP06709110 A EP 06709110A EP 1838570 A2 EP1838570 A2 EP 1838570A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- swell
- period
- support
- flotation
- passing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a floating support which comprises a working bridge supporting installations connected to the seabed, and flotation devices supporting the working bridge.
- a platform may be, for example, an oil or gas exploitation platform.
- a floating support at sea has a vertical movement under the effect of the swell.
- This vertical movement commonly called heave movement, depends on the swell and is particularly important because it conditions the operation of facilities that are both supported by the floating support and connected to the seabed.
- These installations may be, for example, drill pipes or pipes for transporting oil or gas.
- these installations have a relative vertical movement relative to the support, and therefore, it is necessary to equip these installations telescopic compensation systems allowing each moment to compensate for the heave of the floating support to allow interventions at the top of these facilities.
- These compensation systems are very expensive, especially since the motion compensation to be achieved is important, and, moreover, they have technological limits of compensation.
- the heave movement is approximately proportional to the wave height and is conventionally characterized by the quotient of the heave by the wave height, this quotient being in first approximation an invariant as a function of the height of the swell.
- the heave movement also depends on the shape of the flotation organs, the action of the swell generating pressures on the walls of the latter whose cumulative effect on the whole of the walls gives at each instant a vertical excitatory force of the movement.
- the heave movement also depends on the period of the swell since the distribution of pressures on a flotation device having a predetermined shape depends on the wave period and its wavelength (for this purpose, at depth high water, the wavelength of the swell (in meters) corresponds approximately to the square of its period (in second) multiplied by 1, 56). Finally, the heave also depends on the impact of the swell, that is to say the orientation of the floating support relative "to the direction of wave propagation.
- each flotation member (typically formed by a submerged float, the immersed part of a column supported by the submerged float and supporting the working bridge, and half of each of the adjoining submerged connecting elements connecting the column-float assembly to the other column-float assemblies) is shaped so that the cumulative effect of the pressures generated by the swell which it undergoes is canceled out for a predetermined period, conventionally called the balancing period.
- the transfer function of the heave of such a platform has a value close to 0 for small periods, regularly increases to reach a relative maximum which is approximately equal to 0, 5, goes down to 0 for the balancing period, and rises rapidly and strongly then.
- the limitation of the heave movement is carried out by correctly configuring each floating element of the floating support so that the balancing period associated therewith is greater than the periods of the swells usually encountered on the site. use of the platform. Therefore, for the usual swells on the site, the heave transfer function will be at most 0, 5.
- this value of 0.5 is relatively large and involves the use of relatively large compensation systems.
- the heave transfer function is greater than 0.25 for a large range of wave periods.
- the present invention aims at producing a floating support having a particularly low heave transfer function for the usual swells.
- the spacing between the vertical axes passing through the volume center of the flotation devices is such that, for each direction of propagation of the swell, when the period of the swell is equal, within 20%, to the period of 100-year storm swell associated with the direction of propagation considered, the centennial storm swell being the swell whose annual probability of being encountered on the site where the support is intended to be installed is 1/100, the sum of the moments, taken with respect to the horizontal axis perpendicular to the direction of propagation considered and passing through the center of gravity of the support, vertical forces of excitation of the swell on the flotation devices situated on one side of the vertical plane passing through this horizontal axis is equal to the corresponding sum associated with the flotation devices located on the other side of this vertical plane.
- the cancellation of the heave motion at the center of gravity for the extinction period following the direction of wave propagation is due to the fact that, with a predetermined spacing between the various vertical axes passing through the volume center of the flotation devices, the the sum of the moments, taken with respect to the horizontal axis perpendicular to the direction of propagation considered and passing through the center of gravity of the support, of the vertical forces of excitation of the swell on the flotation devices situated on one side of the plane
- the vertical plane passing through this horizontal axis is equal to the corresponding sum associated with the flotation devices situated on the other side of this vertical plane, although each of the forces on each flotation device taken separately is not zero.
- the phenomenon can be easily understood by imagining a floating support comprising a working bridge and two flotation devices.
- these two buoyancy devices are subject to vertical forces in phase opposition due to the excitation of the swell (one being at the right of one ridge when the other is at the level of a trough, for example) and, consequently, the moment, taken in relation to the horizontal axis perpendicular to the direction of propagation considered and passing through the central point of the bridge (located halfway between the two flotation devices), vertical forces of excitation of the swell on one both flotation devices are equal to the corresponding moment associated with the other flotation device.
- each flotation device is dimensioned (in the usual way) so that the sum of the vertical excitation forces that it supports is canceled for a swell whose period is equal to 1.5 times. the period of the centennial storm swell.
- the balancing period is equal to 1.5 times the extinction period.
- the transfer function of the heave at the center of gravity of such a platform is then particularly remarkable: it has a value close to 0 for small periods, regularly increases to reach a first relative maximum which is less than 0, 1 ( approximately equal to 0.075), drops back to 0 for the extinction period, increases again regularly to reach a second relative maximum which is less than 0.15 (approximately equal to 0.125), decreases to 0 for the period balancing, and goes up quickly and strongly thereafter.
- the compensation systems used may have a reduced compensation amplitude, the heave transfer function being at most 0, 15 for all the swells encountered on the site.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention for a floating structure having four flotation members, the section being made in a vertical plane passing through the center of the bridge
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the value of the shifting function at the center of gravity for a platform designed in accordance with this invention, and that for a conventional semi-submersible platform, and
- FIG. 3 shows the submerged part of a platform with three flotation devices.
- the floating support 1 (in this case the semi-submersible platform 1) illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a working bridge 2 and four buoyancy members 3 supporting the bridge 2.
- Installations 4 (in this case pipes 4) which are connected to the seabed are supported and connected to the bridge 2, in its geometric center 5.
- Each flotation member 3 is formed of a submerged float 6, the submerged portion of a column 7 which is supported by the float immersed 6 and which supports the working bridge 2, and half of each submerged connecting element 11 connecting this float-column assembly to other float-column assemblies.
- the four flotation members 3 are arranged so that the vertical axes Z passing through the center of their respective volume form a square and the distance L separating the two vertical axes Z delimiting one and the same side. square is equal to the half - wavelength H of a swell whose direction of movement corresponds to the alignment direction D of these two vertical axes Z. Because of this and because of the swell, the four flotation members 3 are, two by two, subjected to vertical forces of excitation in opposition .
- the period of the swell corresponding to this half-wavelength is the period of extinction of the support 1, when the swell has for direction of propagation the alignment direction D of the two axes Z.
- the sizing of the platforms 1 according to the present invention is carried out as follows: First, it is necessary to identify, for the operating site where the platform 1 is intended, for each propagation direction of swell, the period of the centennial storm swell which is the swell whose annual probability of being encountered on the site is 1/100, the period of this swell will be within 20% the extinction period chosen for the platform 1 in the propagation direction considered.
- this theoretical spacing is performed for a range of wave propagation directions. Given the possible symmetries, for a platform 1 having three flotation devices 3 arranged in equilateral triangle, the direction of propagation of the swell can vary by 60 °, and for a platform 1 having four floating members 3 arranged in a square it can vary from 45 °. This determination for different propagation directions allows to choose an optimum spacing with respect to the hulling behavior of platform 1 for centennial storm swells, which defines the shutdown period of platform 1 for the propagation direction concerned. A tolerance of 20% over the extinction period makes it possible to adapt the geometry of the platform without damaging its heaving behavior.
- the wavelength of the corresponding swell is 224 m
- the height of the equilateral triangle formed by the three vertical axes Z is 112 m
- the spacing between each axis vertical Z is 130 m.
- each flotation member 3 is dimensioned (in the usual way) so that the sum of the vertical excitation forces to which it is subjected cancels out for a swell whose period is greater than the period of time. extinction, ie each flotation member 3 is dimensioned so that the balancing period associated therewith is greater than the extinction period. It is particularly advantageous that the period of each flotation device 3 is equal to about 1.5 times the extinction period. Thus, for a platform 1 having an extinction period of 12 s, it is particularly advantageous for each flotation device 3 to be sized to have a balancing period of 18 s.
- FIG. 3 represents a platform with three flotation members 3 arranged so that the vertical axes Z passing through their centers of respective volumes form an equilateral triangle, and having an extinction period of 12 s (the distance between the axes vertical Z is therefore 130 m).
- Each flotation member 3 is configured to have a balancing period of 18 s, the submerged float 6 having the shape of a cylinder 30 meters in diameter, and the column 7 having the shape of a cylinder of 18. meters in diameter, the draft on the site being 44 meters.
- the mass of the platform Form 1, including that of the oil processing facilities it supports, is 65 000 tonnes.
- FIG. 2 is a representation of the heave transfer function of two platforms having both the same balancing period of 18 s and comprising three flotation members 3 arranged so that the vertical axes Z passing through their centers. respective volumes form an equilateral triangle.
- the second curve FT2 corresponds to a platform sized according to the present invention, the spacing between the vertical axes Z being 130 m so as to have an extinction period of 12 s: the transfer function of the heave has a value close to 0 for small periods (less than 6 s), regularly increases to reach a first relative maximum which is approximately equal to 0.075 (for a period of about 10 s), drops back to 0 for the extinction period (12 s), again increases steadily to reach a second relative maximum which is approximately equal to 0, 125 (for a period of about 15 s), decreases to 0 for the equilibration period (18 s), and goes back quickly and strongly thereafter.
- the behavior at sea of a platform 1 according to the present invention is particularly improved.
- the bridge 2 and the flotation members 3 are rigidly interconnected by additional structures 8.
- the installations connected to the sea bed are located at the geometric center 5 of the bridge 2, the associated facilities 9 being able to be assembled above the columns 7 in order to limit the forces in the structures of the working bridge 2.
- the platform 1 is associated with a guide structure which is adapted to be supported by the platform. form and guide, in the vicinity of the sea level, the facilities 4 (for example the pipes 4) connected to the seabed.
- the guiding structure comprises a cage which extends in a longitudinal direction (which corresponds substantially to the vertical when the structure is connected to the platform) and a connecting member which is adapted to cooperate with a complementary linkage member. by the platform so as to form a ball joint between it and the cage.
- the guide structure can support systems for vertically tensioning the pipes, well heads, a derrick ...
- the connecting member may be arranged longitudinally at one end of the cage and, transversely, either in the center of the cage
- the guide structure also comprises a ballast element which is disposed at a part of the cage longitudinally remote from the connecting member (the ballast element is fixed at the longitudinal end of the cage opposite to the one where the liaison body is located). While the sea currents tend to deflect the cage and pipes from the vertical due to the ball joint between the cage and the floating support, the ballast element tends to reduce this deflection and thus protects the pipes from mechanical stresses. consecutive to this deviation.
- ballast element has an immersed mass-to-volume ratio at least equal to twice (or even triple) that of the cage.
- floats are connected to the upper part of the cage, and more specifically, at the level of the cage that is adapted to be close to the surface of the sea.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0500676A FR2881102B1 (fr) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Support flottant stabilise |
PCT/FR2006/000103 WO2006077311A2 (fr) | 2005-01-21 | 2006-01-17 | Support flottant stabilise |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1838570A2 true EP1838570A2 (fr) | 2007-10-03 |
EP1838570B1 EP1838570B1 (fr) | 2010-06-16 |
Family
ID=34953679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06709110A Expired - Fee Related EP1838570B1 (fr) | 2005-01-21 | 2006-01-17 | Support flottant stabilise |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7503728B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1838570B1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0606452B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2881102B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006077311A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112015026254B1 (pt) * | 2013-04-15 | 2019-04-09 | Single Buoy Moorings, Inc. | Sistema de riser tensionado superior para uma embarcação semissubmersível em árvore seca |
AT516640A3 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2024-05-15 | Swimsol Gmbh | Schwimmende Plattform |
CN106428447A (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-02-22 | 大连理工大学 | 一种超大型多浮体半潜式浮动平台 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3490406A (en) * | 1968-08-23 | 1970-01-20 | Offshore Co | Stabilized column platform |
US4015552A (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-04-05 | Korkut Mehmet D | Semi-submersible drill barge |
CA1075092A (fr) * | 1976-01-19 | 1980-04-08 | Seatek (A California Partnership) | Methode et appareil de stabilisation d'une structure flottante semi-submersible |
US4850744A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1989-07-25 | Odeco, Inc. | Semi-submersible platform with adjustable heave motion |
EP1390585A4 (fr) * | 2001-05-01 | 2007-08-29 | Drillmar Inc | Plate-forme a usages multiples avec tour a usages multiples et procede d'amarrage a une plate-forme semi-submersible |
-
2005
- 2005-01-21 FR FR0500676A patent/FR2881102B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-17 WO PCT/FR2006/000103 patent/WO2006077311A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-01-17 EP EP06709110A patent/EP1838570B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-17 BR BRPI0606452-3A patent/BRPI0606452B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-17 US US11/814,303 patent/US7503728B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006077311A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2881102A1 (fr) | 2006-07-28 |
BRPI0606452A2 (pt) | 2009-06-30 |
WO2006077311A3 (fr) | 2006-12-14 |
US20080101870A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
EP1838570B1 (fr) | 2010-06-16 |
BRPI0606452B1 (pt) | 2018-06-19 |
FR2881102B1 (fr) | 2007-04-20 |
US7503728B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
WO2006077311A2 (fr) | 2006-07-27 |
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