EP1826491B1 - Annular combustion chamber with removable combustor dome - Google Patents

Annular combustion chamber with removable combustor dome Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1826491B1
EP1826491B1 EP07103025.8A EP07103025A EP1826491B1 EP 1826491 B1 EP1826491 B1 EP 1826491B1 EP 07103025 A EP07103025 A EP 07103025A EP 1826491 B1 EP1826491 B1 EP 1826491B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
removable
combustion chamber
removable wall
welded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07103025.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1826491A1 (en
Inventor
Didier Hernandez
David Locatelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1826491A1 publication Critical patent/EP1826491A1/en
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Publication of EP1826491B1 publication Critical patent/EP1826491B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/50—Combustion chambers comprising an annular flame tube within an annular casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00017—Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00018—Manufacturing combustion chamber liners or subparts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00019—Repairing or maintaining combustion chamber liners or subparts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of turbomachines. It relates more specifically to an annular combustion chamber and in particular such a so-called monobloc chamber in which the constituent parts are welded, preferably edge to edge.
  • the invention relates more particularly to an improvement improving access to the internal areas of the home, which can be repaired.
  • the removable walls are preferably themselves welded to the chamber bottom so that the windows are perfectly closed.
  • the weld is made in such a way that it can be easily removed by grinding which allows easy disassembly of such a removable wall carrying a number of injection systems. For example, three injection systems are grouped on the same removable wall.
  • dismantling one or more removable walls provides access to the areas to be repaired, upstream, while enjoying the advantages of monoblock chamber technology.
  • combustion chamber 11 which is distinguished in particular an outer wall 12, annular, an inner wall 13, annular and a chamber bottom 14 connecting said inner and outer walls.
  • said inner and outer walls are welded to the inner and outer edges of the chamber bottom, respectively.
  • the chamber base comprises windows 18 distributed circumferentially and these windows are closed by removable walls 20.
  • Each removable wall in the form of an annular sector constitutes a support for several injection systems 22.
  • each removable wall carries three injection systems.
  • Each removable wall 20 is itself welded to the chamber bottom but this weld can easily be removed by grinding.
  • each removable wall has a peripheral shoulder defining an internal bearing edge 24 coming into contact with the inner face of the chamber bottom.
  • the removable wall can easily be engaged in the window 18 and then rotated to come into the interior of the chamber bottom.
  • the removable wall has, on at least two of its edges grooves 28 parallel to the support edge.
  • such grooves are made along the curved edges of the removable wall. The distance separating the edge of such a groove from said adjacent abutment edge is equal to the thickness of the chamber bottom 14.
  • Snap rings 30 are engaged in these grooves 28 to define external bearing surfaces coming into contact with the outer face of the chamber bottom.
  • such a snap ring 30 has an L-shaped profile.
  • a branch of this snap ring is thus engaged in the groove 28 and the end of the other branch is welded to the periphery of the removable wall.
  • the periphery of this removable wall has ribs 32 and the main branch of the L-shaped ring 30 is parallel to this rib, externally to it.
  • the end of said other branch of each rod is welded to the top of such a rib by a weld bead 34.
  • a removable wall according to the foregoing description can easily be dismantled, during a maintenance operation, by proceeding as illustrated on the Figures 4 to 6 .
  • the removable wall is then rotated in the fireplace ( figure 5 ) and finally extracted by one of its ends by releasing it from the window.
  • the latter is sufficiently wide, radially, to allow the passage of the removable wall provided with its injection systems 22, without the need to dismount them.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne le domaine des turbomachines. Elle se rapporte plus précisément à une chambre de combustion annulaire et notamment une telle chambre dite monobloc dans laquelle les parties qui la constituent sont soudées, de préférence bord à bord. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un perfectionnement améliorant l'accès aux zones internes du foyer, susceptibles d'être réparées.The invention relates to the field of turbomachines. It relates more specifically to an annular combustion chamber and in particular such a so-called monobloc chamber in which the constituent parts are welded, preferably edge to edge. The invention relates more particularly to an improvement improving access to the internal areas of the home, which can be repaired.

Pour les chambres de combustion assemblées par boulonnage, la présence de boulons à l'extérieur de la chambre peut être à l'origine de perturbations et de pertes de charge notables dans l'écoulement du flux d'air de contournement de ladite chambre. De plus, le boulonnage sur des parties cylindriques pose des problèmes d'accostage et est à l'origine de déformations. Il en résulte des fuites substantielles dans le fond de chambre. En revanche, pour la maintenance, de telles chambres de combustion présentent l'avantage d'être démontables.For bolted-on combustion chambers, the presence of bolts outside the chamber can cause significant disturbances and pressure drops in the flow of the bypass airflow from the chamber. In addition, bolting on cylindrical parts poses docking problems and is the cause of deformations. This results in substantial leaks in the chamber bottom. However, for maintenance, such combustion chambers have the advantage of being removable.

Dans le cas d'une chambre monobloc, les parois extérieure et intérieure ainsi que le fond de chambre sont soudés et de préférence soudés bord à bord. Une telle chambre de combustion est connue par exemple du document US 2004/124282 A1 . Ce type d'assemblage élimine tous les problèmes mentionnés ci-dessus. En revanche l'accessibilité pour la maintenance pose problème.In the case of a single-piece chamber, the outer and inner walls and the chamber bottom are welded and preferably welded edge to edge. Such a combustion chamber is known for example from the document US 2004/124282 A1 . This type of assembly eliminates all the problems mentioned above. On the other hand accessibility for maintenance poses a problem.

L'invention apporte une solution à ce problème par les caractéristiques de la revendicaton indépendante 1. Des autres caractéristiques avantageuses sont décrites dans les revendications dépendantes.The invention provides a solution to this problem by the features of the independent claim 1. Other advantageous features are described in the dependent claims.

Les parois amovibles sont de préférence elles-mêmes soudées au fond de chambre pour que les fenêtres soient parfaitement obturées. Cependant, la soudure est réalisée de façon à pouvoir être facilement éliminée par meulage ce qui permet un démontage facile d'une telle paroi amovible portant un certain nombre de systèmes d'injection. Par exemple, trois systèmes d'injection sont regroupés sur une même paroi amovible.The removable walls are preferably themselves welded to the chamber bottom so that the windows are perfectly closed. However, the weld is made in such a way that it can be easily removed by grinding which allows easy disassembly of such a removable wall carrying a number of injection systems. For example, three injection systems are grouped on the same removable wall.

Lors des opérations de maintenance, le fait de démonter une ou plusieurs parois amovibles permet d'accéder aux zones à réparer, par l'amont, tout en bénéficiant des avantages de la technologie des chambres monobloc.During maintenance operations, dismantling one or more removable walls provides access to the areas to be repaired, upstream, while enjoying the advantages of monoblock chamber technology.

Ainsi sont supprimées les fuites au niveau du fond de chambre et les pertes de charge du flux d'air de contournement.This eliminates the leaks at the bottom of the chamber and the pressure losses of the bypass air flow.

De plus, il est possible d'intervenir localement en ne démontant qu'une ou quelques parois amovibles précitées.In addition, it is possible to intervene locally by removing only one or a few removable walls mentioned above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'une chambre de combustion de type monobloc, conforme à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective arrière de la chambre de combustion montée ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une plaque amovible du fond de chambre ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe III-III de la figure 2 ; et
  • les figures 4 à 6 sont des vues partielles en perspective illustrant le démontage d'une paroi amovible, pendant une opération de maintenance.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of a monobloc type combustion chamber, in accordance with its principle, given solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a partial rear perspective view of the mounted combustion chamber;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of a removable plate of the chamber bottom;
  • the figure 3 is a III-III section of the figure 2 ; and
  • the Figures 4 to 6 are partial perspective views illustrating the disassembly of a removable wall, during a maintenance operation.

Sur les dessins, on a représenté en partie une chambre de combustion 11 dont on distingue notamment une paroi externe 12, annulaire, une paroi interne 13, annulaire et un fond de chambre 14 reliant lesdites parois interne et externe.In the drawings, there is shown in part a combustion chamber 11 which is distinguished in particular an outer wall 12, annular, an inner wall 13, annular and a chamber bottom 14 connecting said inner and outer walls.

Avantageusement, lesdites parois interne et externe sont soudées aux bords interne et externe du fond de chambre, respectivement.Advantageously, said inner and outer walls are welded to the inner and outer edges of the chamber bottom, respectively.

Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, le fond de chambre comporte des fenêtres 18 réparties circonférentiellement et ces fenêtres sont refermées par des parois amovibles 20. Chaque paroi amovible, en forme de secteur annulaire constitue un support pour plusieurs systèmes d'injection 22. Dans l'exemple, chaque paroi amovible porte trois systèmes d'injection.According to an important characteristic of the invention, the chamber base comprises windows 18 distributed circumferentially and these windows are closed by removable walls 20. Each removable wall, in the form of an annular sector constitutes a support for several injection systems 22. In the example, each removable wall carries three injection systems.

Chaque paroi amovible 20 est elle-même soudée au fond de chambre mais cette soudure peut facilement être éliminée par meulage.Each removable wall 20 is itself welded to the chamber bottom but this weld can easily be removed by grinding.

Pour ce faire, chaque paroi amovible comporte un épaulement périphérique définissant une bordure d'appui interne 24 venant en contact avec la face intérieure du fond de chambre. Au montage, la paroi amovible peut facilement être engagée dans la fenêtre 18 puis pivotée pour venir s'appliquer à l'intérieur du fond de chambre.To do this, each removable wall has a peripheral shoulder defining an internal bearing edge 24 coming into contact with the inner face of the chamber bottom. When mounting, the removable wall can easily be engaged in the window 18 and then rotated to come into the interior of the chamber bottom.

Par ailleurs, la paroi amovible comporte, sur au moins deux de ses chants des rainures 28 parallèles à la bordure d'appui. Dans l'exemple, de telles rainures sont pratiquées le long des bords courbes de la paroi amovible. La distance qui sépare le bord d'une telle rainure de ladite bordure d'appui adjacente est égale à l'épaisseur du fond de chambre 14.Moreover, the removable wall has, on at least two of its edges grooves 28 parallel to the support edge. In the example, such grooves are made along the curved edges of the removable wall. The distance separating the edge of such a groove from said adjacent abutment edge is equal to the thickness of the chamber bottom 14.

Des joncs d'arrêt 30 sont engagés dans ces rainures 28 pour définir des surfaces d'appui externe venant en contact avec la face extérieure du fond de chambre. Dans l'exemple représenté, un tel jonc d'arrêt 30 a un profil en L. Une branche de ce jonc est donc engagée dans la rainure 28 et l'extrémité de l'autre branche est soudée à la périphérie de la paroi amovible. Plus précisément, selon l'exemple, la périphérie de cette paroi amovible présente des nervures 32 et la branche principale du jonc 30 en L s'applique parallèlement à cette nervure, extérieurement à celle-ci. L'extrémité de ladite autre branche de chaque jonc est soudée au sommet d'une telle nervure par un cordon de soudure 34.Snap rings 30 are engaged in these grooves 28 to define external bearing surfaces coming into contact with the outer face of the chamber bottom. In the example shown, such a snap ring 30 has an L-shaped profile. A branch of this snap ring is thus engaged in the groove 28 and the end of the other branch is welded to the periphery of the removable wall. More specifically, according to the example, the periphery of this removable wall has ribs 32 and the main branch of the L-shaped ring 30 is parallel to this rib, externally to it. The end of said other branch of each rod is welded to the top of such a rib by a weld bead 34.

Bien entendu, le même agencement de jonc d'arrêt soudé pourrait être prévu le long des bords radiaux de chaque paroi amovible.Of course, the same welded seam arrangement could be provided along the radial edges of each removable wall.

Une paroi amovible conforme à la description qui précède peut facilement être démontée, au cours d'une opération de maintenance, en procédant comme illustré sur les figures 4 à 6. On commence par meuler les deux cordons de soudure 34, ce qui permet de désolidariser la paroi amovible (portant les trois systèmes d'injection) du fond de chambre, en l'enfonçant dans le foyer (figure 4). On fait ensuite pivoter la paroi amovible dans le foyer (figure 5) et enfin on l'extrait par l'une de ses extrémités en la dégageant de la fenêtre. Cette dernière est suffisamment large, radialement, pour permettre le passage de la paroi amovible munie de ses systèmes d'injection 22, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de démonter ces derniers.A removable wall according to the foregoing description can easily be dismantled, during a maintenance operation, by proceeding as illustrated on the Figures 4 to 6 . We begin by grinding the two weld beads 34, which allows to separate the removable wall (carrying the three injection systems) from the chamber floor, by pushing it into the fireplace ( figure 4 ). The removable wall is then rotated in the fireplace ( figure 5 ) and finally extracted by one of its ends by releasing it from the window. The latter is sufficiently wide, radially, to allow the passage of the removable wall provided with its injection systems 22, without the need to dismount them.

Claims (6)

  1. An annular combustion chamber comprising an outer wall (12), an inner wall (13), and a chamber end wall (14) interconnecting the outer and inner walls, said chamber end wall comprising windows (18) distributed circumferentially, closed by removable walls (20), each removable wall constituting a support for a plurality of injector systems (22), characterized in that each removable wall comprises a peripheral shoulder defining an internal bearing margin (24) that comes into contact with the inside face of the chamber end wall, in that said removable wall (20) comprises, on its edge faces, grooves (28) parallel to said bearing margin, and in that stop clips (30) are engaged in said grooves to define external bearing surfaces that come into contact with the outside face of said chamber end wall.
  2. A combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer and inner walls and the chamber end wall are welded together.
  3. A combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each removable wall (20) carries three injector systems (22).
  4. A combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that such a stop clip (30) has an L-shaped profile, one limb of said clip being engaged in an above-mentioned groove (28) and the end of the other limb being welded to the periphery of said removable wall.
  5. A combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that the periphery of said removable wall presents ribs (32) and in that said end of the other limb of each clip is welded to the top of such a rib.
  6. A turbomachine including a combustion chamber according to any preceding claim.
EP07103025.8A 2006-02-27 2007-02-26 Annular combustion chamber with removable combustor dome Active EP1826491B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0650664A FR2897923B1 (en) 2006-02-27 2006-02-27 ANNULAR COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH REMOVABLE BACKGROUND

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1826491A1 EP1826491A1 (en) 2007-08-29
EP1826491B1 true EP1826491B1 (en) 2015-10-07

Family

ID=37199085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07103025.8A Active EP1826491B1 (en) 2006-02-27 2007-02-26 Annular combustion chamber with removable combustor dome

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7854126B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1826491B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4943180B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2578701C (en)
FR (1) FR2897923B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2435109C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUE027667T2 (en) * 2011-02-09 2016-10-28 Siemens Ag Combustion chamber casing
US10378775B2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2019-08-13 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Combustor heat shield
FR2996285B1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-09-12 Turbomeca TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION ASSEMBLY WITH A VARIATION IN AIR SUPPLY.
CN112303665B (en) * 2020-11-02 2022-06-14 西北工业大学 Mixed combustion visual combustor
US11566565B2 (en) * 2020-12-23 2023-01-31 Collins Engine Nozzles, Inc. Access hatch for internally mounted torch ignitor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2011546A (en) * 1977-12-24 1979-07-11 Rolls Royce Gas turbine combustion chamber
US4454711A (en) * 1981-10-29 1984-06-19 Avco Corporation Self-aligning fuel nozzle assembly
US5117637A (en) * 1990-08-02 1992-06-02 General Electric Company Combustor dome assembly
FR2679010B1 (en) * 1991-07-10 1993-09-24 Snecma TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH REMOVABLE PREVAPORIZATION BOWLS.
GB2295887A (en) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-12 Rolls Royce Plc Combustor assembly
GB2297829B (en) * 1995-02-07 1998-08-12 Rolls Royce Plc Annular combustion chamber
US6212870B1 (en) * 1998-09-22 2001-04-10 General Electric Company Self fixturing combustor dome assembly
US6314739B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-11-13 General Electric Company Brazeless combustor dome assembly
FR2825779B1 (en) * 2001-06-06 2003-08-29 Snecma Moteurs COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH A CHAMBER BOTTOM FIXING SYSTEM
EP1312865A1 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas turbine annular combustion chamber
US7021562B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2006-04-04 Parker-Hannifin Corp. Macrolaminate direct injection nozzle
FR2859272B1 (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-10-14 Snecma Moteurs AIR / FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM IN A TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER HAVING MEANS FOR GENERATING COLD PLASMA
US20060042257A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Combustor heat shield and method of cooling
US7673460B2 (en) * 2005-06-07 2010-03-09 Snecma System of attaching an injection system to a turbojet combustion chamber base

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2578701A1 (en) 2007-08-27
FR2897923A1 (en) 2007-08-31
US7854126B2 (en) 2010-12-21
JP4943180B2 (en) 2012-05-30
CA2578701C (en) 2015-09-08
JP2007232358A (en) 2007-09-13
FR2897923B1 (en) 2008-06-06
EP1826491A1 (en) 2007-08-29
US20070200012A1 (en) 2007-08-30
RU2435109C2 (en) 2011-11-27
RU2007107027A (en) 2008-09-10

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