EP1810347A1 - Photovoltaic solar energy module - Google Patents

Photovoltaic solar energy module

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Publication number
EP1810347A1
EP1810347A1 EP05806600A EP05806600A EP1810347A1 EP 1810347 A1 EP1810347 A1 EP 1810347A1 EP 05806600 A EP05806600 A EP 05806600A EP 05806600 A EP05806600 A EP 05806600A EP 1810347 A1 EP1810347 A1 EP 1810347A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase change
change material
solar energy
energy module
photovoltaic solar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05806600A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerd Hauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1810347A1 publication Critical patent/EP1810347A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
    • H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • Patent Application Photovoltaic Solar Energy Module
  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic solar energy module with an intended for the absorption of solar radiation energy absorber surface.
  • photovoltaic modules For the use of solar radiation energy photovoltaic modules, namely for the conversion of solar radiation energy into electrical energy. Due to the physical properties of their semiconductor material, photovoltaic modules have an efficiency that depends on the material temperature and decreases with increasing temperature. That is, at times with high solar radiation intensities, so then, if the supply side, a particularly high current efficiency would be possible, the efficiency is due to the then rising temperature of the photovoltaic module.
  • a water heater in the form of a solar collector which contains an integrated storage mass of a phase change material.
  • the phase change material is in thermal contact with the directly flowed through by the water to be heated Absorber of the solar collector and is used to store excess solar radiation energy in the form of latent heat, which is then released at times of low or no irradiation back to the water to be heated, for the melting or crystallization temperature of the phase change material values of 50.7 0 C. or, 49.0 ° C indicated.
  • phase change materials for cooling of electrical and electronic components known to heat spikes or
  • phase change materials with Schmelztemperatuirten between 40 0 C and 95 0 C are given.
  • the object of the invention is in a photovoltaic solar energy module with an intended for the absorption of solar radiation energy absorber surface for a Increase efficiency.
  • the invention provides a photovoltaic solar energy module with a solar for the absorption of solar
  • a phase change material which is in thermal contact with the absorber surface is provided, which has a phase change temperature lying in the region of a temperature of high efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
  • the phase change material is provided in the form of a planar arrangement on the back of the absorber surface.
  • the phase change material may be in powder or Granule form be provided
  • the powdered or granular phase change material is provided in a matrix serving as a carrier, which is in thermal contact with the absorber surface,
  • the phase change material may be provided in a container structure in thermal contact with the absorber surface.
  • the container structure may be provided with a plurality of chambers or cavities containing, in particular, powdered or granular phase change material.
  • phase change material may be provided as a plate material
  • the phase change material is provided for a phase change solid-liquid in the range of a high-efficiency temperature of the photovoltaic module,
  • the phase change material is a paraffin.
  • the phase change material is a salt hydrate
  • the phase change temperature of the phase change material is in the range from 2O 0 C to 3O 0 C,
  • the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the range of 23 0 C to 27 0 C.
  • aeration cross sections are provided in the region of the phase change material. According to a development thereof, it can be provided that the ventilation cross sections are optionally closable, According to a particularly advantageous
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified perspective view of a photovoltaic solar energy module according to a first
  • Figure 2 is a simplified perspective view of a photovoltaic solar energy module according to a second
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a photovoltaic
  • phase change material 2 is provided, which is high in the range of a temperature
  • this phase change material 2 is in the form of a planar
  • the back surface 4 may be a roof or wall surface or a suitable mounting surface.
  • phase change material 2 is in Figures 1 and 2 generally in the form of a flat or plate-shaped
  • Phase change material 2 may be provided in a powder or granular form, which is held by suitable means in the intended form, for this purpose, the powdered or granular phase change material 2, for example in a matrix serving as a carrier, in thermal contact with the absorber surface 1, or in a container structure in thermal contact with the absorber surface 1.
  • the container structure may be provided with a plurality of chambers or cavities containing the phase change material 2.
  • the phase change material 2 may be provided in another suitable manner in the form of a plate material or in any other suitable form It is essential that the phase change material 2 is in good thermal contact with the absorber surface 1,
  • the phase change material which is provided in the embodiments described herein for a solid-liquid phase change in the range of a desired maximum operating temperature of the solar energy module 10 may be, for example, a paraffin or a salt hydrate,
  • the phase change temperature of the phase change material is preferably in the range of 2O 0 C to 30 0 C, with particular advantage in the range of 23 ° C to 2 ° C, These temperature ranges mean for photovoltaic modules under normal operating conditions, a high efficiency and are therefore to be regarded as the desired maximum operating temperatures, With increasing temperature, the efficiency would decrease,
  • 2 ventilation cross sections 6 may be provided in the region of the phase change material. These can optionally be designed to be closable and serve for the additional dissipation of heat from the absorber surface 1 and / or from the phase change material 2,
  • phase change material 2 is integrated in the structural design of the solar energy module 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic solar energy module, comprising an absorption surface (1) for the absorption of solar radiant energy. According to the invention, a phase change material (2) is provided in contact with the absorption surface (1) which has a phase change temperature lying in the region of a temperature of high efficiency for the photovoltaic module (10).

Description

Patentanmeldung : Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul Patent Application: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Module
Anmelderin ;Applicant;
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandtenFraunhofer-Gesellschaft for the promotion of applied
Forschung e.V.Research e.V.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul mit einer zur Absorption von solarer Strahlungsenergie vorgesehenen Absorberflache .The invention relates to a photovoltaic solar energy module with an intended for the absorption of solar radiation energy absorber surface.
Zur Nutzung von solarer Strahlungsenergie dienen Photovoltaikmodule, nämlich zur Umwandlung der solaren Strahlungsenergie in elektrische Energie. Photovoltaikmodule besitzen auf Grund der physikalischen Eigenschaften ihres Halbleitermaterials einen von der Materialtemperatur abhängigen Wirkungsgrad, der mit steigender Temperatur zurückgeht. Das heißt, zu Zeiten mit hohen Solarstrahlungsintensitäten, also dann, wenn angebotsseitig eine besonders hohe Stromausbeute möglich wäre, geht der Wirkungsgrad auf Grund der dann steigenden Temperatur des Photovoltaikmoduls zurück.For the use of solar radiation energy photovoltaic modules, namely for the conversion of solar radiation energy into electrical energy. Due to the physical properties of their semiconductor material, photovoltaic modules have an efficiency that depends on the material temperature and decreases with increasing temperature. That is, at times with high solar radiation intensities, so then, if the supply side, a particularly high current efficiency would be possible, the efficiency is due to the then rising temperature of the photovoltaic module.
Es gibt daher Bestrebungen Photovoltaikmodule durch Abführen von Wärme auf einem Temperaturniveau mit noch ausreichend hohem Wirkungsgrad zu halten. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Kühlen durch Hinterlüftung, etwa inThere are therefore efforts to keep photovoltaic modules by dissipating heat at a temperature level with still sufficiently high efficiency. This can be done, for example, by cooling through ventilation, such as in
Kombination mit einer Aufständerung der Photovoltaikmodule oder in Kombination mit Zuluftfasaden erfolgen.Combination with an elevation of the photovoltaic modules or in combination with Zuluftfasaden done.
Aus der DE 37 06 196 Al ist ein Warmwasserbereiter in Form eines Solarkollektors bekannt, der eine integrierte Speichermasse aus einem Phasenwechselmaterial enthält. Das Phasenwechselmaterial steht in thermischem Kontakt mit dem unmittelbar von dem zu erwärmenden Wasser durchströmten Absorber des Solarkollektors und dient zur Speicherung von überschüssiger solarer Strahlungsenergie in Form von Latentwärme, die dann zu Zeiten geringer oder fehlender Einstrahlung wieder an das zu erwärmende Wasser abgegeben wird, Für die schmelz- bzw. Kristallisationstemperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials werden Werte von 50,70C bzw, 49,0°C angegeben .From DE 37 06 196 Al a water heater in the form of a solar collector is known which contains an integrated storage mass of a phase change material. The phase change material is in thermal contact with the directly flowed through by the water to be heated Absorber of the solar collector and is used to store excess solar radiation energy in the form of latent heat, which is then released at times of low or no irradiation back to the water to be heated, for the melting or crystallization temperature of the phase change material values of 50.7 0 C. or, 49.0 ° C indicated.
Weiter ist aus der DE 101 14 998 Al der Einsatz von Phasenwechselmaterialien zur Kühlung von elektrischen und elektronischen Bauteilen bekannt, um Wärmespitzen oderFurthermore, from DE 101 14 998 Al the use of phase change materials for cooling of electrical and electronic components known to heat spikes or
-defizite an den besagten Bauteilen zu vermeiden, Es werden eine Anzahl von Beispielen von Phasenwechselmaterialien mit Schmelztemperatuirten zwischen 400C und 950C angegeben, Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es bei einem Photovoltaischen Solarenergiemodul mit einer zur Absorption von solarer Strahlungsenergie vorgesehenen Absorberfläche für eine Effizienzsteigerung zu sorgen.A number of examples of phase change materials with Schmelztemperatuirten between 40 0 C and 95 0 C are given, The object of the invention is in a photovoltaic solar energy module with an intended for the absorption of solar radiation energy absorber surface for a Increase efficiency.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst ,This object is achieved by a photovoltaic solar energy module having the features specified in claim 1,
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Photovoltaischen Solarenergiemoduls sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the photovoltaic solar energy module according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Durch die Erfindung wird ein Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul mit einer zur Absorption von solarerThe invention provides a photovoltaic solar energy module with a solar for the absorption of solar
Strahlungsenergie vorgesehenen Absorberflache geschaffen, Erfindungsgemäß ist ein mit der Absorberflache in thermischem Kontakt befindliches Phasenwechselmaterial vorgesehen, das eine im Bereich einer Temperatur hohen Wirkungsgrads des Photovoltaik-Moduls liegende Phasenwechseltemperatur aufweist .According to the invention, a phase change material which is in thermal contact with the absorber surface is provided, which has a phase change temperature lying in the region of a temperature of high efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
Vorzugsweise ist das Phasenwechselmaterial in Form einer flächigen Anordnung an der Rückseite der Absorberfläche vorgesehen. Das Phasenwechselmaterial kann in Pulver- oder Granulatform vorgesehen sein,Preferably, the phase change material is provided in the form of a planar arrangement on the back of the absorber surface. The phase change material may be in powder or Granule form be provided
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das pulver- oder granulatförmige Phasenwechselmaterial in einer als Träger dienenden, mit der Absorberfläche in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Matrix vorgesehen,According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the powdered or granular phase change material is provided in a matrix serving as a carrier, which is in thermal contact with the absorber surface,
Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Phasenwechselmaterial in einer mit der Absorberfläche in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Behälterstruktur vorgesehen sein, Hierbei kann insbesondere die Behälterstruktur mit einer Vielzahl von das, insbesondere pulver- oder granulatförmige, Phasenwechselmaterial enthaltenden Kammern oder Hohlräumen versehen sein .According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the phase change material may be provided in a container structure in thermal contact with the absorber surface. In particular, the container structure may be provided with a plurality of chambers or cavities containing, in particular, powdered or granular phase change material.
Weiterhin kann das Phasenwechselmaterial als Plattenwerkstoff vorgesehen sein,Furthermore, the phase change material may be provided as a plate material,
Vorzugsweise ist das Phasenwechselmaterial für einen Phasenwechsel fest-flüssig im Bereich einer Temperatur hohen Wirkungsgrads des Photovoltaik-Moduls vorgesehen,Preferably, the phase change material is provided for a phase change solid-liquid in the range of a high-efficiency temperature of the photovoltaic module,
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Phasenwechselmaterial ein Paraffin.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the phase change material is a paraffin.
Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Phasenwechselmaterial ein Salzhydrat,According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the phase change material is a salt hydrate,
Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung liegt die Phasenwechseltemperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials im Bereich von 2O0C bis 3O0C,According to one embodiment of the invention, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is in the range from 2O 0 C to 3O 0 C,
Gemäß einem besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung liegt die Phasenwechseltemperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials im Bereich von 230C bis 270C. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Solarenergiemoduls sind im Bereich des Phasenwechselmaterials Belüftungsquerschnitte vorgesehen. Gemäß einer Weiterbildung hiervon kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Belüftungsquerschnitte wahlweise verschließbar sind, Gemäß einem besonders vorteilhaftenAccording to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the range of 23 0 C to 27 0 C. According to an advantageous embodiment of the solar energy module according to the invention aeration cross sections are provided in the region of the phase change material. According to a development thereof, it can be provided that the ventilation cross sections are optionally closable, According to a particularly advantageous
Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist dasEmbodiment of the invention is that
Phasenwechselmaterial in den konstruktiven Aufbau desPhase change material in the structural design of the
Photovoltaik-Moduls integriert. Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen photovoltaischen Solarenergiemoduls anhand der Zeichnung erläutert, Es zeigt :Integrated photovoltaic module. In the following embodiments of the photovoltaic solar energy module according to the invention are explained with reference to the drawing, It shows:
Figur 1 eine vereinfachte perspektivische Ansicht eines photovoltaischen Solarenergiemoduls gemäß einem ersten1 shows a simplified perspective view of a photovoltaic solar energy module according to a first
Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; undEmbodiment of the invention; and
Figur 2 eine vereinfachte perspektivische Ansicht eines photovoltaischen Solarenergiemoduls gemäß einem zweitenFigure 2 is a simplified perspective view of a photovoltaic solar energy module according to a second
Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist jeweils ein photovoltaischesEmbodiment of the invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a photovoltaic
Solarenergiemodul 10 dargestellt, welches eineSolar energy module 10 shown which a
Absorberfläche 1 aufweist, die zur Absorption solarerAbsorber surface 1, which for the absorption of solar
Strahlungsenergie vorgesehen ist ,Radiant energy is provided
Zwischen der Absorberfläche 1 und einer in einem Abstand parallel zu dieser der einfallenden Solarstrahlung abgewandten Rückfläche 4 ist ein Phasenwechselmaterial 2 vorgesehen, das eine im Bereich einer Temperatur hohenBetween the absorber surface 1 and at a distance parallel to this of the incident solar radiation away from the rear surface 4, a phase change material 2 is provided, which is high in the range of a temperature
Wirkungsgrads des Photovoltaik-Moduls 10 liegendeEfficiency of the photovoltaic module 10 lying
Phasenwechseltemperatur aufweist, Dieses Phasenwechselmaterial 2 ist in Form einer flächigenHas phase change temperature, this phase change material 2 is in the form of a planar
Anordnung an der Rückseite der Absorberfläche 1 vorgesehen,Arrangement provided on the back of the absorber surface 1,
Die Rückfläche 4 kann eine Dach- oder Wandfläche oder eine geeignete Montagefläche sein.The back surface 4 may be a roof or wall surface or a suitable mounting surface.
Das Phasenwechselmaterial 2 ist in den Figuren 1 und 2 allgemein in Form einer flächigen oder plattenförmigenThe phase change material 2 is in Figures 1 and 2 generally in the form of a flat or plate-shaped
Anordnung gezeigt . Im einzelnen kann dasArrangement shown. In detail, that can
Phasenwechselmaterial 2 in einer Pulver- oder Granulatform vorgesehen sein, welches durch geeignete Mittel in der vorgesehenen Form gehalten wird, Dazu kann das pulver- oder granulatförmige Phasenwechselmaterial 2 beispielsweise in einer als Träger dienenden, mit der Äbsorberflache 1 in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Matrix oder in einer mit der Absorberfläche 1 in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Behälterstruktur vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere im Falle von pulver- oder granulatförmigem Phasenwechselmaterial 2 kann die Behälterstruktur mit einer Vielzahl von das Phasenwechselmaterial 2 enthaltenden Kammern oder Hohlräumen versehen sein, Das Phasenwechselmaterial 2 kann jedoch auch in einer anderen geeigneten Weise in Form eines Plattenwerkstoffs oder in einer sonstigen geeigneten Form vorgesehen sein, Wesentlich ist, dass sich das Phasenwechselmaterial 2 in einem guten thermischen Kontakt mit der Äbsorberflache 1 befindet,Phase change material 2 may be provided in a powder or granular form, which is held by suitable means in the intended form, For this purpose, the powdered or granular phase change material 2, for example in a matrix serving as a carrier, in thermal contact with the absorber surface 1, or in a container structure in thermal contact with the absorber surface 1. In particular, in the case of powdered or granular phase change material 2, the container structure may be provided with a plurality of chambers or cavities containing the phase change material 2. However, the phase change material 2 may be provided in another suitable manner in the form of a plate material or in any other suitable form It is essential that the phase change material 2 is in good thermal contact with the absorber surface 1,
Das Phasenwechselmaterial, welches bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen für einen Phasenwechsel fest-flüssig im Bereich einer gewünschten maximalen Betriebstemperatur des Solarenergiemoduls 10 vorgesehen ist, kann beispielsweise ein Paraffin oder ein Salzhydrat sein , Die Phasenwechseltemperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 2O0C bis 300C, mit besonderem Vorteil im Bereich von 23°C bis 2?°C, Diese Temperaturbereiche bedeuten für Photovoltaikmodule unter üblichen Betriebsbedingungen einen hohen Wirkungsgrad und sind damit als gewünschte maximale Betriebstemperaturen anzusehen, Mit wachsender Temperatur würde der Wirkungsgrad sinken ,The phase change material, which is provided in the embodiments described herein for a solid-liquid phase change in the range of a desired maximum operating temperature of the solar energy module 10 may be, for example, a paraffin or a salt hydrate, The phase change temperature of the phase change material is preferably in the range of 2O 0 C to 30 0 C, with particular advantage in the range of 23 ° C to 2 ° C, These temperature ranges mean for photovoltaic modules under normal operating conditions, a high efficiency and are therefore to be regarded as the desired maximum operating temperatures, With increasing temperature, the efficiency would decrease,
Wie das Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 2 zeigt, können im Bereich des Phasenwechselmaterials 2 Belüftungsquerschnitte 6 vorgesehen sein. Diese können wahlweise verschließbar gestaltet sein und dienen zur zusätzlichen Abfuhr von Wärme von der Absorberfläche 1 und/oder aus dem Phasenwechselmaterial 2 ,As the embodiment of Figure 2 shows, 2 ventilation cross sections 6 may be provided in the region of the phase change material. These can optionally be designed to be closable and serve for the additional dissipation of heat from the absorber surface 1 and / or from the phase change material 2,
Bei starkem Einfall von solarer Strahlung und damit starker Erwärmung der Absorberfläche 1 bleibt deren Temperatur auf Grund der während des Phasenwechsels von fest nach flüssig erfolgenden Latentwärmespeicherung in einem definierten Temperaturbereich und weitgehend konstant, bis im gesamten Phasenwechselmaterial 2 der Phasenwechsel abgeschlossen ist . Nach Rückgang der solaren Strahlungsintensität und der damit verbundenen Abkühlung der Absorberfläche 1 und der Umgebung erfolgt dann eine Abgabe der gespeicherten Latentwärme, verbunden mit einem Phasenwechsel in umgekehrter Richtung von flüssig zurück nach fest. Im Falle eines Photovoltaikmoduls führt dies dazu, dass die Temperatur des Moduls 10 auch bei hoher solarer Strahlungsintensität auf einem niedrigeren Temperaturniveau im Bereich eines hohen Wirkungsgrads gehalten wird, Vorzugsweise ist das Phasenwechselmaterial 2 in dem konstruktiven Aufbau des Solarenergiemoduls 10 integriert. With strong incidence of solar radiation and thus strong heating of the absorber surface 1 remains their Temperature due to the taking place during the phase change from solid to liquid latent heat storage in a defined temperature range and largely constant until the phase change material 2 is complete the phase change. After the decrease of the solar radiation intensity and the associated cooling of the absorber surface 1 and the environment, a release of the stored latent heat takes place, connected with a phase change in the reverse direction from liquid back to solid. In the case of a photovoltaic module, this results in the temperature of the module 10 being maintained at a lower temperature level in the region of high efficiency even at high solar radiation intensity. Preferably, the phase change material 2 is integrated in the structural design of the solar energy module 10.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1, Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul mit einer zur Absorption von solarer Strahlungsenergie vorgesehenen Äbsorberflache (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein mit der Absorberfläche (1) in thermischem Kontakt befindliches Phasenwechselmaterial (2) vorgesehen ist, das eine im Bereich einer Temperatur hohen1, photovoltaic solar energy module with a provided for the absorption of solar radiation energy Äbsorberflache (1), characterized in that one with the absorber surface (1) in thermal contact located phase change material (2) is provided, the one in the range of a high temperature
Wirkungsgrads des Photovoltaik-Moduls (10) liegende Phasenwechseltemperatur aufweist .Having the efficiency of the photovoltaic module (10) lying phase change temperature.
2. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) in Form einer flächigen Anordnung an der Rückseite der Absorberfläche (1) vorgesehen ist,2. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase change material (2) in the form of a planar arrangement on the back of the absorber surface (1) is provided,
3. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) in Pulver- oder Granulatform vorgesehen ist .3. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is provided in powder or granular form.
4. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das pulver- oder granulatförmige Phasenwechselmaterial (2) in einer als Träger dienenden, mit der Äbsorberflache (1) in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Matrix (3) vorgesehen ist ,4. photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 3, characterized in that the powdery or granular phase change material (2) is provided in serving as a carrier, with the Äbsorberflache (1) in thermal contact matrix (3),
5. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Phasenwechselmaterial (2) in einer mit der Absorberfläche (1) in thermischem Kontakt befindlichen Behälterstruktur enthalten vorgesehen ist ,5. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 3, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is provided in a container structure which is in thermal contact with the absorber surface (1),
6. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Behälterstruktur (4) mit einer Vielzahl von das, insbesondere pulver- oder granulatförmige, Phasenwechselmaterial (2) enthaltenden Kammern oder Hohlräumen ( 5 ) versehen ist .6. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 5, characterized in that the container structure (4) with a plurality of the, in particular powdered or granular, phase change material (2) containing Chambers or cavities (5) is provided.
7. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) als Plattenwerkstoff vorgesehen ist .7. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is provided as a plate material.
8. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) für einen Phasenwechsel fest-flüssig im Bereich einer Temperatur hohen Wirkungsgrads des Photovoltaik-Moduls (10) vorgesehen ist ,8. photovoltaic solar energy module according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is provided for a phase change solid-liquid in the range of high temperature of the photovoltaic module (10),
9. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) ein Parafin ist, 9. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 8, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is a paraffin,
10. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) ein Salzhydrat ist.10. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 8, characterized in that the phase change material (2) is a salt hydrate.
11. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Phasenwechseltθmperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials (2) im Bereich von 2O0C bis 3O0C liegt.11. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 10, characterized in that the Phasenwechseltθmperatur the phase change material (2) in the range of 2O 0 C to 3O 0 C.
12. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ^ Phasenwechseltemperatur des Phasenwechselmaterials (2) im Bereich von 23°C bis 270C liegt,12. photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim 10, characterized in that the ^ phase change temperature of the phase change material (2) is in the range of 23 ° C to 27 0 C,
13. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich des Phasenwechselmaterials (2) Belüftungsquerschnitte (6) vorgesehen sind. 13. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the region of the phase change material (2) ventilation cross sections (6) are provided.
14. Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach Anspruch14. Photovoltaic solar energy module according to claim
13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die13, characterized in that the
Belüftungsquerschnitte (6) wahlweise verschließbar sind.Ventilation cross sections (6) are optionally closed.
15, Photovoltaisches Solarenergiemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phasenwechselmaterial (2) in den konstruktiven Aufbau des Photovoltaik-Moduls (10) integriert ist, 15, photovoltaic solar energy module according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the Phase change material (2) is integrated in the structural design of the photovoltaic module (10),
EP05806600A 2004-11-08 2005-11-02 Photovoltaic solar energy module Withdrawn EP1810347A1 (en)

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DE102004053802A DE102004053802A1 (en) 2004-11-08 2004-11-08 Solar power module
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