EP1801828B1 - Bedieneinrichtung eines elektrischen Schaltgeräts - Google Patents

Bedieneinrichtung eines elektrischen Schaltgeräts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1801828B1
EP1801828B1 EP06126264A EP06126264A EP1801828B1 EP 1801828 B1 EP1801828 B1 EP 1801828B1 EP 06126264 A EP06126264 A EP 06126264A EP 06126264 A EP06126264 A EP 06126264A EP 1801828 B1 EP1801828 B1 EP 1801828B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control device
point
during
moving contact
finger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06126264A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1801828A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Grieshaber
Jean-Pierre Dupraz
Olivier Grejon
Alain Fanget
Xavier Allaire
Michel Collet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Areva T&D SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1801828A1 publication Critical patent/EP1801828A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08Terminals; Connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3005Charging means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3084Kinetic energy of moving parts recuperated by transformation into potential energy in closing or opening spring to be used in next operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3094Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor allowing an opening - closing - opening [OCO] sequence
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3005Charging means
    • H01H3/3015Charging means using cam devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3005Charging means
    • H01H3/3021Charging means using unidirectional coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/36Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using belt, chain, or cord

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control device of an electrical apparatus comprising a movable contact adapted to occupy a closed position and an open position.
  • circuit-breaker By electrical equipment, it is here understood generally a circuit breaker, a disconnector, or a device for grounding. Also included are devices combining these various functions, such as circuit-breakers.
  • Such a device is known for example from the document FR-A-2,778,492 .
  • this type of mixed design for the control device generally involves providing a stroke of opening and closing of the movable contact which is greater than necessary, which makes it more complex, heavier and less compact.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a control device of simple and reliable design for electrical equipment, preferably of medium or high voltage type.
  • the principle of the invention is therefore based on a design for successively carrying out three distinct phases of setting the actuating arm in motion, between the instant when the moving contact leaves its closed position and the instant when it returns after having occupied his open position.
  • it is intended to carry out a rearming phase of the mechanical spring, distinct from the closing and opening phases of the moving contact, this the latter being able to be performed under the simple action of the release of the energy having been previously stored by the spring. Therefore, throughout the closing phase of the movable contact, completed when the latter has reached its closed position, no energy storage must be made by the spring, so that the stroke of this contact is perfectly controlled, and requires less energy than that required with the achievements of the prior art.
  • the implementation of this closing phase can thus be achieved by means of a motor of lower power than in the prior art.
  • the implementation of the opening phase is extremely reliable because it does not advantageously require starting of the electric motor, but can instead be performed automatically by a simple release of energy spring as soon as the locking means of the movable contact in the closed position have been deactivated.
  • the resetting phase of the spring does not cause any displacement of the moving contact, which remains in its open position, preferably without the aid of any locking means but simply by the specific design and geometry of the control device.
  • This phase has the sole purpose of storing energy to the spring, before the contact begins its closing phase during which it is moved to its closed position. Therefore, it should be understood that the design proposed by the invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain a stroke of this contact which is totally optimized, since it does not go beyond that just needed to connect the open and closed positions of the movable contact.
  • the closing stroke of the movable contact is perfectly controlled, since it is achieved by starting the engine, and it does not engender either constraint spring that has already has been sufficiently rearmed so that it can subsequently ensure the opening phase alone.
  • the power required to move the moving contact at the desired speed to its closed position is less important than that required with the achievements of the prior art, so that the engine used can consequently be smaller power, and therefore less expensive.
  • control device is designed so that during the closing phase of the moving contact leading to a displacement of the second point of connection of the point P3 to the point P1, the energy stored in the spring mechanical does not vary, that is to say that the latter does not release or store energy during this phase.
  • this device could be designed so that the spring fulfills an accelerator role at the moment of initiation of the closing phase of the moving contact, releasing some of its energy previously stored and adding to the power delivered by the motor, and / or a brake role at the end of the closing phase of the movable contact, by a constraint of this spring.
  • the closed line roughly takes the form of a triangle whose points P1, P2, P3 preferentially form its vertices, the three sides then each corresponding to a path of the second connection point of the actuating arm, during one of the three distinct phases mentioned above.
  • the device is designed so that the opening phase of the movable contact, leading to a displacement of the second point of connection of the point P1 to the point P2, is carried out solely under the effect of the mechanical spring, so as to obtain a very high reliability, or performed so that the engine assists the mechanical spring.
  • control device delivers a linear or rotary output movement towards the moving contact.
  • a motor of the servomotor type is preferably used.
  • the position of the movable contact is slaved during the closing phase, with respect to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  • the speed of the moving contact is slaved during the closing phase, with respect to a set point in the form of a mathematical function of time, and that the acceleration of the movable contact is enslaved during the closing phase, always with respect to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  • the device comprises means for storing energy released during the opening phase of the movable contact under the effect of the expansion of the mechanical spring, these means being designed to transfer energy stored in the mechanical spring, during the rearming phase of the latter.
  • This energy transfer advantageously facilitates the initiation of the resetting phase of the spring, normally provided by the engine.
  • the storage and the restitution of energy is achieved by means of a flywheel, such as a Maltese cross. This flywheel is then rotated at the end of the opening phase under the action of a moving part, and, similarly, it initiates the resetting phase by restoring the stored kinetic energy to the spring.
  • the energy stored / stored by the flywheel during the opening phase is constituted by a portion of the energy delivered by the spring and / or the engine that does not. is therefore no longer used to ensure the end of the movement of the moving contact. Therefore, this part of the energy, which is different from that which allowed the moving contact to reach the required opening speed, can be described as excess energy released by the spring and / or the engine, at the end of the opening phase.
  • the second connection point of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger guided along a path defined at least partially physically on a fixed body, and following the closed line.
  • this path defined at least partially structurally on the fixed body can be made in any case known to those skilled in the art, for example by means of unilateral and / or bilateral guides arranged adjacently to follow the closed line or else using a groove made in the fixed body and penetrated by the aforementioned finger, as is the object of the first preferred embodiment which will be presented below. If it is envisaged that the path is integrally defined materially on a fixed body, one can alternatively consider, as is clear from the foregoing, that this path is partly defined differently than structurally on the fixed body.
  • the second connection point is for example guided along this path because of the specific position of the transmission means which will be presented later and which are connected to the same second point, and because of the position of the pulleys or rollers to be associated with these transmission means.
  • the path is not defined at all structurally on a fixed body, but for example consists of a succession of segments of lines and curves along which the second connection point is able to move by the simple fact of the design and positioning of the transmission means and pulleys or rollers associated with these transmission means, which are of course provided to cooperate with the second connection point.
  • the path consists of a succession of segments of straight lines and curves materialized by the transmission means and a set of pulleys or rollers judiciously arranged.
  • the second connection point of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger guided in a groove along the closed line and practiced in a the fixed body.
  • this finger is able to slide in its associated groove, by sliding and / or rolling, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • transmission means interposed between the mechanical spring and the actuating arm, these transmission means being rotatably connected to the finger. They preferably take the form of a chain or a cable permanently maintained in tension during the setting in motion of the actuating arm, directly or preferentially via at least one roller. Nevertheless, it would be possible to use other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc. In a more general manner, the transmission means preferably retained have a linear configuration.
  • these means are preferably also maintained in tension outside the phases of setting in motion of the actuating arm.
  • the portion of the closed line defined between the points P1 and P2 is at least partly rectilinear, and preferably completely straight.
  • the device is then preferably designed so that when the second connection point of the actuating arm is at point P1, the actuating arm, the transmission means and an axis of the mechanical spring are aligned. , preferably in a direction defined by the points P1 and P2.
  • the closed line defined between points P1 and P2 is a portion of at least partially concave shape. Nevertheless, this portion could be of at least partially convex shape, or may comprise a concave zone associated with a rectilinear zone, without departing from the scope of the invention. Depending on the needs encountered, it is possible to have a portion integrating at least one rectilinear zone, and / or at least one concave zone, and / or at least one convex zone.
  • the two portions of the closed line defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and P3 and P1 are portions of at least partially convex shape, preferably entirely convex, for example each shaped like an arc.
  • the two portions of the closed line defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and P3 and P1 are preferably portions of at least partially concave shape.
  • the device comprises a first control lever controlled by the motor so as to be able to bring the finger from the point P2 to the point P3, by contact with the same finger, and also comprises a second lever controlled by the motor so as to bring this finger from point P3 to point P1, always by contact with the same finger.
  • a first control lever controlled by the motor so as to be able to bring the finger from the point P2 to the point P3, by contact with the same finger
  • a second lever controlled by the motor so as to bring this finger from point P3 to point P1, always by contact with the same finger.
  • first and second control levers are set in motion simultaneously by the engine, during the phases of resetting the mechanical spring and closing the movable contact.
  • first and second control levers are set independently by the motor, respectively during the resetting phases of the mechanical spring and closing the movable contact.
  • the device comprises a gear system provided with a fixed inner ring of radius R1, a satellite of radius R2 meshing externally with the crown, as well as a carrier.
  • satellite having a rotary shaft arranged along a central axis of the inner ring, the second connection point of the actuating arm consisting of a finger rotatably mounted on the satellite, the latter having a parallel central axis to a central axis of the finger and spaced from the latter axis by a distance d1.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to have a hypocycloid-type closed line described at the second connection point, which is quite suitable for recreating the desired cycle of movement of the actuating arm.
  • the device comprises transmission means interposed between the mechanical spring and the actuating arm, these transmission means being rotatably connected to the transmission satellite. so as to be pivotable relative thereto about an axis of rotation parallel to the central axis of the satellite and spaced from the latter axis by a distance d2.
  • the transmission means preferably take the form of a chain or a cable permanently maintained in tension during the setting in motion of the actuating arm, directly or preferentially via at least one roller .
  • other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc.
  • the transmission means preferably retained have a linear configuration.
  • these means are preferably also maintained in tension outside the phases of setting in motion of the actuating arm.
  • the aforementioned axis of rotation of the transmission means and the central axis of the finger are confounded, which implies that the value of d1 is equal to that of d2.
  • the ratio d1 / R2 may range between 0.3 and 0.4, or so in a wider range from 0 , 2 to 2.
  • the closed line along which the second connection point moves during the activation arm actuation cycle then has a coarse form of triangle, whose sides are substantially convex.
  • the above-mentioned axis of rotation of the transmission means and the central axis of the finger are distinct.
  • the gear system further comprises a gear wheel driven by the motor and rotatably mounted on the rotary shaft of the carrier, the gear wheel being mechanically coupled to the carrier so as to allow free rotation. of it around its shaft during the opening phase of the movable contact during which the finger is moved from the point P1 to the point P2 under the effect of the mechanical spring, and so as to rotate with it the same door -satellite during the phases of resetting the spring and closing the movable contact, during which the finger is respectively moved from the points P2 to P3, and points P3 to P1, under the effect of starting the motor causing the rotation of the toothed wheel.
  • the toothed wheel is mechanically coupled to the carrier by means of a circular groove formed on an angular sector of the wheel, and traversed by a shaft of the carrier bearing freely rotative the satellite and being arranged along the central axis of the latter.
  • the motor is provided to assist the spring during the opening phase, by example during only part of this opening phase.
  • the engine assists the spring and allows, during the opening phase, to slave the position of the movable contact with respect to a set of instructions in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  • the motor assists the spring and allows, during the opening phase, to slave the speed of the moving contact with respect to a set point in the form of a mathematical function of time, and / or to enslave the acceleration of the moving contact with respect to a setpoint always in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  • the device is designed so that the opening of the movable contact can be performed even when the motor is not able to assist the spring or enslave the parameters of the opening of the movable contact .
  • the invention also relates to an electrical apparatus comprising a movable contact capable of occupying a closed position and an open position, this apparatus comprising a control device such as that described above.
  • the invention also relates to a control method of an electrical equipment implemented using a control device such as that described above.
  • FIG. 1a schematizing the principle of the invention, it is possible to see very schematically a control device 1 at different stages during a control cycle starting from a moment when the mobile contact (not shown), which it is supposed to drive , occupies his closed position, and continues until he finds the same position after having occupied his open position.
  • the figure 1a represents both the initial position and the end position of the cycle, the figures then reading cyclically in the order 1a, 1b, 1c, 1a, etc.
  • This control device 1 is effectively intended to equip an electrical equipment comprising a movable contact capable of occupying a closed position and an open position, such as for example a circuit breaker, a disconnector, or a device for grounding. It is noted that this apparatus is also an object of the present invention.
  • the device 1 comprises firstly an output member 2 taking for example the shape of a bar intended to slide along its own axis, along a bar path 4.
  • This member 2 has a connecting end with the movable contact 2a, as well as a connecting end with an actuating arm 2b.
  • the end 2a which is indifferently connected directly or indirectly to the moving contact of the apparatus, is therefore capable of being driven by a reciprocating movement along the axis of the member 2, which allows it to deliver a linear output movement towards the moving contact, as shown schematically by the double-arrow 6a.
  • the device 1 comprises an actuating arm 8, having a first connection point 8a hingedly mounted on the end 2b of the member 2, and a second connection point 8b having the particularity of being able to be moved along a closed line L represented on the Figures 1a to 1c .
  • the first point 8a is therefore also intended to be moved back and forth along the axis of the member 2 during a cycle of setting the arm 8 in motion, since it is directly connected. on the end 2b of this sliding member.
  • the device 1 comprises a motor 10 of the servomotor type, a mechanical spring 12 which may optionally be replaced by a plurality of springs, and transmission means 14 interposed between the spring 12 and the actuating arm 8 More specifically, the transmission means 14, for example of the type chain, cable, strap, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc., comprise a first end 14a mounted of articulated manner on the second connection point 8b, and a second end 14b cooperating with one end of the spring 12.
  • the spring 12 is a spring operating in compression, with one end pressed against a fixed element 16 of the device 1, and the other end pressed against the second end 14b of the transmission means 14, the latter passing through the element 16 and the that the spring 12.
  • the arm 8 is in a closed position placing the member 2 directly connected to it in a position such that its end 2a allows the movable contact to occupy its closed position. It is recalled that the movable contact is held firmly in this closed position by means of conventional locking means (not shown), known to those skilled in the art. As an indication, these blocking means belong indifferently to the control device or to another part of the electrical equipment.
  • the arm 8 is preferably substantially parallel to the direction 6a, and its second connection point 8b occupies a point P1 of the closed line L, which is preferably arranged in a plane, and which preferably has a rough form of triangle.
  • the arm 8 is inclined relative to the direction 6a.
  • the aforementioned blocking means of the movable contact are deactivated.
  • these means preferably act indirectly on the moving contact, that is to say closer to the energy reservoir to limit the maximum number of parts under permanent mechanical stresses.
  • the opening phase ends when the moving contact has reached its open position, in which it is preferably maintained simply by the specific design and geometry of the control device, and therefore without the use of the locking means.
  • the arm 8 then occupies an open position as shown on the figure 1b , in which the second connection point 8b is positioned at a point P2 of the closed line L, corresponding to the limit of the first portion of this line.
  • this opening phase is performed solely under the effect of the mechanical spring 12, without the intervention of the motor 10.
  • the electrical equipment used for the protection of transmission and distribution works must be capable of functioning even in the event of failure of the auxiliary sources of energy.
  • a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously released its energy, at least in part.
  • This resetting phase is carried out by means of the motor 10 ensuring in any way an arm movement 8 so that its second connection point 8b moves along a second portion of the line L up to a distance. point P3 thereof, and so that its first connection point 8a remains in a position ensuring that the movable contact retains its open position, as shown in FIG. figure 1c .
  • the second point 8b moves between the points P2 and P3 of the line L, while the first point 8a, the member 2 and the movable contact keep substantially the same position.
  • the transmission means 14 are driven by the second connecting point 8b in motion, which pushes their end 14b to approach the fixed element 16 and thus to store energy to the spring 12, by compression thereof.
  • this phase is performed only with the energy transmitted by the motor 10, and no energy from the spring 12.
  • the mechanical spring 12 does not store additional energy, since the previous rearming phase of it has allowed it to store enough energy to be able to ensure a subsequent phase of opening the movable contact.
  • the three aforementioned portions of the line L roughly forming a triangle then constitute the three sides of this triangle, whose points P1, P2, and P3 can therefore be considered as its vertices.
  • the shape of the three portions represented on the Figures 1a to 1c is in no way limiting.
  • the point P2 could alternatively be placed between the points P2 and P3 represented on the Figures 1a to 1c , without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the device 1 comprises means for storing excess energy released during the opening phase of the moving contact under the effect of the mechanical spring, as will be described later with reference to the Figures 11a to 11c .
  • This makes it possible to transfer this excess energy to the mechanical spring, during the rearming phase of the latter, and preferably at the moment of initiation thereof. Therefore, this rearming phase to compress the spring is advantageously performed using the energy transmitted by the engine, but also with the energy transmitted by these additional means can for example take the form of a flywheel.
  • the device is preferably designed so that the closing phase of the moving contact is effected without that there is no release or storage of energy for the mechanical spring, it can still be expected that this device is designed so that the spring serves as an accelerator of the setting in motion of the second point of connection, at the moment of initiation of the closing phase of the movable contact, releasing some of its energy previously stored and adding to that delivered by the engine.
  • the spring could also fulfill a braking function at the end of the closing phase of the movable contact, by a compression of this spring to slow the speed of movement of the second connection point, and that of the actuator arm assembly arriving close to its closed position shown on the figure 1a .
  • the figure 2 shows a schematic view of the control device 1 on which it has been slightly modified compared to that of Figures 1a to 1c , to be able to deliver a rotary output movement for the moving contact.
  • This solution covered by the present invention can for example be obtained by replacing the sliding bar by an output member 2 pivoting about a fixed shaft 20, this output member 2 can then have a first branch carrying the end 2b rotatably connected to the first connection point 8a of the arm 8, and a second branch angularly offset relative to the first and carrying the end 2a intended to be connected to the movable contact.
  • the output member 2 is mounted on the shaft 20 at the junction between its two branches, which provides a rotary output movement, centered on the shaft 20, towards the movable contact, as shown schematically by the double-arrow 6b.
  • FIG. 3 shows the actuating arm 8 in an intermediate position between its closed position and its open position, while the figure 4a shows the actuating arm 8 in its closed position.
  • the second connection point 8b of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger able to slide in a groove 22 along the closed line L and practiced in a fixed body 24 of the device 1, such as a plate.
  • this first mode falls within the group of envisaged cases where the actuating arm 8 is constituted by a finger guided by a path defined materially on a fixed body and following the closed line, the path being thus defined here by the groove, but alternatively be structurally delimited by unilateral or bilateral guides, or any other similar means.
  • This finger 8b thus crosses the groove 22, being arranged orthogonally with respect to a plane defined by it, and is preferably located at one end. the ends of the actuating arm 8. Therefore, as is best seen on the figure 3 the finger 8b is orthogonal to the plane in which the line L is located.
  • the groove 22 is either made through right through on the plate 24 or opens out only at one of the two surfaces of this plate. last.
  • the transmission means 14 are here formed by a cable 26 or the like whose one end 14a is pivotally mounted on the finger 8b, and the other end (not referenced) carries the end 14b of the means 14, which bears against the movable end of the spring 12.
  • the means 14 also preferably comprise at least one roller 28 (visible on the figure 4a ) judiciously positioned to allow the cable 26 to be permanently maintained in tension under the effect of the spring 12. The presence of the / these rollers 28, which is not necessarily necessary to ensure the permanent tensioning of the cable 26, generally allows to guide it so that the spring and the motor used are the smallest possible for the realization of a given electrical equipment.
  • the device 1 comprises control levers controlled by the motor 10 and intended to come into contact with the finger 8b, in order to be able to move the points P2 to P3, and points P3 to P1.
  • the device 1 comprises a first control lever 30 driven by the motor 10 and capable of being rotated about an axis 32 parallel to the finger 8b, with the aid of a gear system (not shown) linking it to an output of the motor.
  • this first lever 30 is intended to ensure the resetting phase of the spring 12.
  • the device 1 comprises a second control lever 34 driven by the motor 10 and capable of being rotated about an axis 36 parallel to the finger 8b, with the aid of a control system. gear (not shown) the binder at the output of the engine. As will be described also later, this second lever 34 is intended to ensure the closing phase of the movable contact.
  • the first portion of the line L situated between the points P1 and P2 is rectilinear, and preferably parallel to the direction 6a.
  • the two other portions situated respectively between P2 and P3 and between P3 and P1 are preferably of convex shape, and may each constitute an arc of a circle.
  • the actuating arm 8 When the finger 8b is in P1 as shown on the figure 4a , the actuating arm 8 is in the closed position, in which it is parallel to the direction 6a. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the actuating arm 8, the cable 26 and the axis 38 of the mechanical spring 12 are aligned in a direction defined by the points P1 and P2. Therefore, throughout the opening phase of the movable contact provided by the release of energy from the spring 12, the aforementioned alignment is retained, which allows in particular to achieve the required speeds with a minimum spring force. In this preferred but non-limiting case visible on the Figures 4a to 4d , the roller 28 is virtually ineffective during the opening phase, since the two strands of cable extending on either side of it remain substantially aligned.
  • the aforementioned alignment could then concern only the actuating arm 8 and the portion of the cable 26 located between the end 14a and the roller 28, preferably always in this direction defined by P1 and P2.
  • the figure 4b shows the control device 1 when the opening phase is completed, that is to say when the arm 8 has reached its open position in which its finger 8b occupies the point P2 of the closed line L roughly taking the shape of a triangle. It can be seen that at the end of this phase, the actuating arm 8, the cable 26 and the axis 38 of the mechanical spring 12 are always aligned in the direction defined by the points P1 and P2.
  • a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously been released from at least a portion of its energy.
  • This resetting phase is performed by means of a starting of the motor 10, leading to pivoting the first control lever 30 so that it comes into contact with the finger 8b, and that it pushes the latter until it reaches the point P3 of the line L by sliding in the groove 22.
  • the levers 30, 34 are returned to their original position, as shown in FIG. figure 4c .
  • the apparatus When, after this reset phase, the apparatus receives a closing command, it is then initiated a closing phase of the moving contact, this phase being performed by means of a start of the motor 10, leading to rotate the second control lever 34 so that it comes into contact with the finger 8b located at P3, and that it pushes the latter until it reaches the point P1 of the line L by sliding in the groove 22, as shown in FIG. figure 4d .
  • the closing phase is completed, the levers 30, 34, intended to be moving parallel to the plate 24 and the plane of the closed line L, are returned to their original position as shown on the figure 4a .
  • the spring 12 has remained in the same state of compression as that adopted at the end of the rearming phase, shown on FIG. figure 4c .
  • FIG 5 it is possible to see a control device 1 according to a second alternative of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, this figure 5 showing the actuating arm 8 in its closed position, after the second control lever 34 driven by the motor (not shown) has brought the finger 8b into contact with the point P1 of the closed line L, along the groove 22.
  • the transmission means 14 shown comprise a second roller 28 close to P1 and also ensuring the tensioning of the cable 26, it can be seen that the first portion of the line L between the points P1 and P2 here takes the form of an at least partially concave portion. Indeed, this one starts from P1 by a substantially rectilinear zone, then continues with a concave zone up to P2.
  • the rectilinear zone is preferably aligned with the arm 8 situated in its closed position, as shown in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the second roller 28 is placed so as to ensure collinearity between the rectilinear zone and the portion of the cable 26 located between the end 14a and the second roller 28, during the opening phase of the movable contact. In this way, at the beginning of the opening phase, this roller 28 advantageously keeps the portion of the cable 26 connected to the finger 8b parallel to the path of the same finger. The travel speeds required for the moving contact are therefore easily achieved.
  • the other roller 28 shown on the figure 5 and closer to the spring 12 allows for it to ensure correct orientation of the cable 26 during the resetting phase of the spring 12.
  • control device 1 The other elements of the control device 1 are identical or similar to those presented in the context of the first alternative described above.
  • the finger 8b is guided all along the line L in a path defined structurally by the groove 22.
  • the path can be fully physically defined on a fixed body, one can alternatively consider, as has been mentioned previously, that this path is partly defined differently than structurally on the fixed body. To do this, at the non-structurally defined portions of the path, the fingers 8b is for example guided along the path because of the specific position of the transmission means and the associated pulleys or rollers.
  • one of the peculiarities lies in the fact that there is provided a gear system capable of ensuring the displacement of the second connection point 8b of the actuating arm 8 along the closed line L (not shown on Figures 6a and 6b ), so that it is no longer necessary to provide a path defined structurally on a fixed plate as was the case for the first preferred embodiment.
  • the gear system also comprises a planet carrier 50 having a rotary shaft 52 arranged along the central axis 44, as well as a shaft 54 freely rotating the satellite 46. Naturally, this shaft 54 is arranged along the axis 48.
  • the second connection point 8b is constituted by a finger rotatably mounted on the satellite 46, the finger 8b having a central axis 56 parallel to the axis 48 and spaced therefrom. a distance d1.
  • the finger 8b is mounted on one of the flanks of the satellite 46, orthogonally thereto, and of course eccentrically.
  • the transmission means 14 are here also formed by a cable 26, maintained in tension during all the phases of the operating cycle, and at least one roller 28.
  • the end 14a of the cable 26 is rotatably mounted on the satellite 46, so as to be pivotable relative thereto about an axis of rotation 58 parallel to the central axis 48 of the satellite 46, and spaced from this axis by a distance d2.
  • the end 14a can be rotatably mounted on the finger 8b, between the satellite 46 and the actuating arm 8.
  • the other end (not referenced) of the cable 26 carries the end 14b of the means 14 bearing against the movable end of the spring 12, the latter being always maintained at the other end thereof by the fixed element 16.
  • other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as for example strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, tape, rope, fiber bundle, etc.
  • the ratio d1 / R2 is preferably between 0.3 and 0.4.
  • the gear system preferably comprises a gear 60 driven by the motor 10 and mounted freely rotatably on the rotary shaft 52.
  • This wheel 60 is intended to be coupled mechanically to the carrier-satellite 50 so as to allow free rotation thereof around its shaft 52 during the opening phase of the movable contact, and so as to rotate with it the same carrier-satellite 50 during the phases of resetting the spring and closing the movable contact.
  • the mechanical coupling is effected by means of a circular groove 62 formed in the wheel 60, this groove being centered on the axis 44 and made only on a given angular sector of this wheel.
  • the groove 62 is traversed by the shaft 54 of the carrier, which implies that the wheel 60 is preferably positioned parallel between the satellite 46 and an arm 64 of the planet carrier 50 integrally connecting the two shafts 52, 54 of this last.
  • the actuating arm 8 When the finger 8b is in P1 as shown on the figure 6a the actuating arm 8 is thus in the closed position, in which it is parallel to the linear output direction 6a of the control device 1. Moreover, it can also be seen that the axes 44, 48, 56, 58 are naturally parallel, and located in the same diametral plane of the crown 42. Nevertheless, it is noted that this specificity is not necessary, and that in this configuration where the arm 8 occupies its closed position, the axis 58 of the transmission means 14 could of course be located outside the plane defined by the axes 44, 48 and 56 of the planet carrier 50 and the finger 8b.
  • the apparatus When the apparatus receives an order to open the movable contact, the latter is released by its associated blocking means, and the opening phase of the movable contact can then be ensured by the release of energy from the spring 12.
  • the satellite 46 pivots around its central axis 48 by meshing with the ring gear 42, while the planet carrier 50 pivots around the axis 44, which causes a movement of the arm 8 which moves to its open position shown on the figure 7b in which the finger 8b is located at P2.
  • the shaft 54 thus moves freely within the groove 62 held firmly, this movement being effected from one end to the other of the groove 62.
  • a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously released at least partly its energy, as shown by its length shown on the figure 7b .
  • This rearming phase is performed by by means of a start of the motor 10, causing the wheel 60 to pivot so that one end of its circular groove 62 comes into contact with the shaft 54, and pushes the latter 54 the finger 8b reaches the point P3 of the closed line L.
  • the end concerned is not that occupied by the shaft 54 at the end of the opening phase, but the opposite one occupied by the same shaft 54 when the arm 8 is in its closed position.
  • a closing phase of the moving contact is initiated, this phase being carried out by means of a start-up of the motor 10, again leading to to rotate the wheel 60 so that the end of its groove 62 which is in contact with the shaft 54 pushes the latter again until the finger 8b reaches the point P1, as shown on the figure 6a .
  • the spring 12 has remained in the same state of compression as that adopted at the end of the rearming phase, shown on the Figure 7c representing the actuating arm 8 in the reset position.
  • the wheel 60 In a normal operating mode, that is to say in which all the elements of the system are in working order, the wheel 60 is rotated by the motor 10 at the same time as the opening order is given .
  • the kinetic energy acquired by the wheel 60 is reused for the start of the reset operation.
  • the setting in motion of the wheel 60 does not participate, or only insignificantly, in the displacement of the axis 54 during the opening phase, so that it is indeed possible to consider that the finger 8b is moved during this same phase only under the action of spring, and not also indirectly by the setting in motion of the wheel 60.
  • the motor can however be used at the beginning of the opening phase, in addition to the action of the spring 12, to satisfy certain applications requiring an exceptionally short reaction time of electrical equipment.
  • the non-use of the engine in such a context leads to finding a normal reaction time.
  • the motor can be used to enslave the position, the speed or the acceleration of the moving contact during the closing phase, to slave the position, the speed or the acceleration of the moving contact. during the opening phase, and / or ensure that the spring is reset within a defined period of time.
  • the end 14a is no longer pivotally mounted on the finger 8b, but on a finger 70 rotatably attached to a flank of the satellite 46, as is also the case for the finger 8b, at a location different from the same satellite and preferably at a different distance from the center of the latter.
  • connection point 8a of the arm 8 is located below the finger 8b, so that the initial position of this arm 8 is reversed compared to that encountered in the first alternative. More specifically, in the open position, the connection point 8a of the arm 8 is located below the portion of the closed line joining the points P1 and P2, as shown by the figures 8a and 8b .
  • the actuating arm 8 is located parallel to the linear output direction 6a of the control device 1.
  • the four axes 44, 48, 56, 58 are not only distinct and parallel, but also located in the same diametral plane of the crown 42. Nevertheless, it is noted that this specificity is not necessary, and that in this configuration where the arm 8 occupies its closed position, the axes 56 and 58 could obviously be located outside the plane defined by the axes 44 and 48 of the planet carrier 50.
  • control device 1 The other elements of the control device 1 are identical or similar to those presented in the context of the first alternative described above.
  • transmission means 14 comprising an additional roller 28, as shown in FIG. figure 10 .
  • This new roller 28, adding to that already described, is located generally between the points P1 and P2 of the closed line L, near P1.
  • this new roller 28 advantageously allows to maintain the portion of the cable 26 located between the finger 8b and the same roller 28 substantially parallel to the path of the same finger 8b.
  • the transmission of the forces provided by the spring 12 to the finger 8b during the beginning of the opening phase is therefore highly optimized.
  • FIG. 11a to 11c it is shown a preferred embodiment of means for storing / storing excess energy emerging during the opening phase of the movable contact under the effect of the mechanical spring, these means being designed to transfer the excess energy stored towards the mechanical spring, during the resetting phase of the latter.
  • this type of means described for the second preferred embodiment could also apply for the first preferred embodiment.
  • the energy recovery means are based on a flywheel, here taking the form of a "Maltese cross" 80 which can rotate freely about an axis of rotation 81.
  • the inertia of the Maltese cross can be completed by its coupling to another flywheel not shown and rotating about the same axis of rotation 81, or possibly around another axis.
  • the Maltese cross 80 is provided with an integer number of grooves 82, oriented radially and sufficiently wide to allow, with the minimum of friction and preferably without shock, the penetration of a transfer finger 83.
  • the transfer finger 83 describes a path linked to the connection point 8b of the actuating arm.
  • the transfer finger 83 is a cylindrical axis orthogonally fixed on the satellite 46, at a distance adapted from its center 48.
  • the trajectory 84 of the transfer finger 83 in the vicinity of the Maltese cross 80 is of convex shape, as shown in dashed lines on the Figures 11a to 11c .
  • the axis of rotation 81 and the diameter of the Maltese cross 80 are designed so that the transfer finger 83 penetrates and leaves the groove 82 preferably tangentially to the walls of the groove in question.
  • the Maltese cross 80 is associated with an angular indexing device (not shown) ensuring the correct positioning of a groove 82 when the transfer finger 83 comes into contact.
  • the transfer finger 83 enters the groove 82 as shown in FIG. figure 11a and initiates the rotation of the Maltese cross 80, and, consequently, the storage by this cross of excess kinetic energy, that is to say that not directly used to ensure the displacement of the movable contact to its open position. While the transfer finger 83 is still engaged in the groove 82 as visible on the figure 11b , the Maltese cross 80 reaches its maximum speed of rotation. From this moment also corresponding to the end of the opening phase and the beginning of the reset phase, it restores, because of its high speed at the exit of the opening phase, its kinetic energy to the spring 12 via the transfer finger 83 and the transmission means 14.
  • the energy transfer to the spring in rearming phase is completed when the finger 83 leaves the groove 82, as shown on the figure 11c .
  • the rotational speed of the Maltese cross 80 is then zero, and a new groove 82 is in the correct position to accommodate the finger 83 and ensure a next energy transfer during the next operating cycle.
  • control device 1 could be designed so that at least some of its elements are taken symmetrically with respect to a plane parallel to that in which the finger 8b moves.

Landscapes

  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
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  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
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  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
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  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The device has an actuation arm (8) with a connection point (8b). The arm is displaced under the effect of a spring (12), during a mobile contact opening phase, along a closed line (L) integrating points (P1 - P3), from the point (P1) to the point (P2). The arm is displaced during a spring reset phase under the effect of operation of a motor (10) e.g. servomotor, from the point (P2) to the point (P3), and maintains the open position of a mobile contact. The arm is displaced, during a mobile contact closing phase, under the effect of motor operation, from the point (P3) to the point (P1). An independent claim is also included for a method of controlling an electric equipment by using an electric equipment control device.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif de commande d'un appareillage électrique comportant un contact mobile apte à occuper une position fermée et une position ouverte.The present invention relates to a control device of an electrical apparatus comprising a movable contact adapted to occupy a closed position and an open position.

Par appareillage électrique, il est ici entendu de façon générale un disjoncteur, un sectionneur, ou encore un dispositif de mise à la terre. Sont également inclus des appareillages combinant ces diverses fonctions, tels que les disjoncteurs-sectionneurs.By electrical equipment, it is here understood generally a circuit breaker, a disconnector, or a device for grounding. Also included are devices combining these various functions, such as circuit-breakers.

De l'art antérieur, il est connu de mettre en oeuvre des dispositifs de conception dite « conception mixte », en ce sens qu'ils intègrent à la fois un moteur électrique et un système de ressort mécanique pour réaliser les phases de fermeture et d'ouverture du contact mobile de l'appareillage. Le moteur permet alors de maîtriser, par l'intermédiaire d'asservissements appropriés, les différentes missions de l'appareillage électrique telles que l'ouverture et la fermeture de ses contacts.From the prior art, it is known to implement so-called "mixed design" design devices, in that they integrate both an electric motor and a mechanical spring system to realize the closing and closing phases. opening of the movable contact of the apparatus. The motor then makes it possible to control, through appropriate servocontrols, the different missions of the electrical equipment such as the opening and closing of its contacts.

Un tel dispositif est connu par example du document FR-A-2 778 492 .Such a device is known for example from the document FR-A-2,778,492 .

Ces solutions, bien que répandues, présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients, tels que ceux découlant de l'utilisation conjointe et simultanée de la puissance du moteur et de l'énergie du ressort pour réaliser chacune des deux phases d'ouverture et de fermeture du contact mobile.These solutions, although widespread, have a number of disadvantages, such as those arising from the joint and simultaneous use of the power of the motor and the energy of the spring to achieve each of the two phases of opening and closing mobile contact.

En effet, pour pouvoir bénéficier de l'énergie du ressort lors de l'une de ces deux phases, il est nécessaire de lui faire emmagasiner de l'énergie lors de l'autre de ces phases, et inversement. Ainsi, cette nécessité de contraindre le ressort mécanique pendant ces deux phases conduit habituellement à employer des moteurs surdimensionnés pour pouvoir atteindre les vitesses d'ouverture et de fermeture requises pour le contact mobile.Indeed, to be able to benefit from the spring energy during one of these two phases, it is necessary to store energy during the other of these phases, and vice versa. Thus, this need to constrain the mechanical spring during these two phases usually leads to using oversized motors to achieve the opening and closing speeds required for the moving contact.

En outre, ce type de conception mixte pour le dispositif de commande implique généralement de prévoir une course d'ouverture et de fermeture du contact mobile qui est supérieure à celle nécessaire, ce qui le rend plus complexe, plus lourd et moins compact.In addition, this type of mixed design for the control device generally involves providing a stroke of opening and closing of the movable contact which is greater than necessary, which makes it more complex, heavier and less compact.

L'invention a donc pour but de proposer un dispositif de commande de conception simple et fiable pour un appareillage électrique, de préférence du type moyenne ou haute tension.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a control device of simple and reliable design for electrical equipment, preferably of medium or high voltage type.

Pour ce faire, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de commande d'un appareillage électrique, tel qu'un appareillage de coupure d'énergie électrique, comportant un contact mobile apte à occuper une position fermée et une position ouverte, le dispositif de commande étant destiné à assurer le déplacement du contact mobile et comprenant un moteur, un ressort mécanique ainsi qu'un bras d'actionnement disposant d'un premier point de raccordement et d'un second point de raccordement. Selon l'invention, le bras d'actionnement est apte à occuper une position de fermeture permettant de placer le contact mobile dans sa position fermée et dans laquelle le second point de raccordement se situe en un point P1, une position d'ouverture permettant de placer le contact mobile dans sa position ouverte et dans laquelle le second point de raccordement se situe en un point P2 distinct de P1, et une position réarmée dans laquelle le second point de raccordement se situe en un point P3 distinct de P2 et P1, ce dispositif de commande étant conçu pour que le second point de raccordement puisse être déplacé successivement, le long d'une ligne fermée incluant lesdits points P1, P2 et P3 :

  • lors d'une phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, sous l'effet du ressort mécanique, du point P1 au point P2 ;
  • lors d'une phase de réarmement du ressort mécanique, sous l'effet d'une mise en marche du moteur et en conservant la position ouverte du contact mobile, du point P2 au point P3 ; et
  • lors d'une phase de fermeture du contact mobile, également sous l'effet d'une mise en marche du moteur, du point P3 au point P1.
To do this, the subject of the invention is a device for controlling an electrical equipment, such as an electrical energy cut-off device, comprising a movable contact able to occupy a closed position and an open position, the device for control being intended to ensure the displacement of the movable contact and comprising a motor, a mechanical spring and an actuating arm having a first connection point and a second connection point. According to the invention, the actuating arm is able to occupy a closed position making it possible to place the moving contact in its closed position and in which the second connection point is at a point P1, an open position for placing the movable contact in its open position and in which the second connection point is at a point P2 distinct from P1 , and a reset position in which the second connection point is at a point P3 distinct from P2 and P1, this control device being designed so that the second connection point can be moved successively along a closed line including said points P1, P2 and P3:
  • during a phase of opening of the movable contact, under the effect of the mechanical spring, from point P1 to point P2;
  • during a resetting phase of the mechanical spring, under the effect of starting the engine and keeping the open position of the movable contact, from point P2 to point P3; and
  • during a closing phase of the movable contact, also under the effect of starting the motor, point P3 at point P1.

Le principe de l'invention est donc basé sur une conception permettant d'effectuer de façon successive trois phases distinctes de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement, entre l'instant où le contact mobile quitte sa position fermée et l'instant où il y revient après avoir occupé sa position ouverte. Effectivement, par rapport aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur, il est prévu d'effectuer une phase de réarmement du ressort mécanique, distincte des phases de fermeture et d'ouverture du contact mobile, cette dernière pouvant quant à elle être réalisée sous la simple action de la libération de l'énergie ayant été préalablement emmagasinée par le ressort. Par conséquent, durant toute la phase de fermeture du contact mobile, achevée lorsque ce dernier a atteint sa position fermée, aucun emmagasinage d'énergie ne doit être effectué par le ressort, de sorte que la course de ce contact est parfaitement maîtrisée, et nécessite moins d'énergie que celle requise avec les réalisations de l'art antérieur. La mise en oeuvre de cette phase de fermeture peut ainsi être réalisée au moyen d'un moteur de plus faible puissance que dans l'art antérieur.The principle of the invention is therefore based on a design for successively carrying out three distinct phases of setting the actuating arm in motion, between the instant when the moving contact leaves its closed position and the instant when it returns after having occupied his open position. Indeed, compared with the devices of the prior art, it is intended to carry out a rearming phase of the mechanical spring, distinct from the closing and opening phases of the moving contact, this the latter being able to be performed under the simple action of the release of the energy having been previously stored by the spring. Therefore, throughout the closing phase of the movable contact, completed when the latter has reached its closed position, no energy storage must be made by the spring, so that the stroke of this contact is perfectly controlled, and requires less energy than that required with the achievements of the prior art. The implementation of this closing phase can thus be achieved by means of a motor of lower power than in the prior art.

De plus, la mise en oeuvre de la phase d'ouverture est extrêmement fiable en raison du fait qu'elle ne requiert avantageusement pas de mise en marche du moteur électrique, mais peut au contraire s'effectuer automatiquement par une simple libération d'énergie du ressort dès que les moyens de blocage du contact mobile en position fermée ont été désactivés.In addition, the implementation of the opening phase is extremely reliable because it does not advantageously require starting of the electric motor, but can instead be performed automatically by a simple release of energy spring as soon as the locking means of the movable contact in the closed position have been deactivated.

La phase de réarmement du ressort n'engendre aucun déplacement du contact mobile, qui reste donc dans sa position ouverte, de préférence sans l'aide d'aucun moyen de blocage mais simplement de par la conception et la géométrie spécifiques du dispositif de commande. Cette phase a pour unique but de faire emmagasiner de l'énergie au ressort, avant que le contact ne débute sa phase de fermeture durant laquelle il est déplacé vers sa position fermée. Par conséquent, il est à comprendre que la conception proposée par l'invention permet avantageusement d'obtenir une course de ce contact qui est totalement optimisée, puisque celle-ci ne va pas au-delà de celle juste nécessaire pour relier les positions ouverte et fermée du contact mobile.The resetting phase of the spring does not cause any displacement of the moving contact, which remains in its open position, preferably without the aid of any locking means but simply by the specific design and geometry of the control device. This phase has the sole purpose of storing energy to the spring, before the contact begins its closing phase during which it is moved to its closed position. Therefore, it should be understood that the design proposed by the invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain a stroke of this contact which is totally optimized, since it does not go beyond that just needed to connect the open and closed positions of the movable contact.

D'autre part, la course de fermeture du contact mobile est parfaitement maîtrisée, étant donné qu'elle est réalisée par la mise en marche du moteur, et qu'elle n'engendre pas non plus de mise en contrainte du ressort qui a déjà été suffisamment réarmé pour pouvoir ultérieurement assurer seul la phase d'ouverture. Ici encore, en raison du fait qu'il n'existe aucun besoin de mettre le ressort en contrainte durant cette phase de fermeture, la puissance requise pour déplacer le contact mobile à la vitesse souhaitée jusqu'à sa position fermée est moins importante que celle nécessitée avec les réalisations de l'art antérieur, de sorte que le moteur employé peut par voie de conséquence être de plus petite puissance, et donc moins coûteux.On the other hand, the closing stroke of the movable contact is perfectly controlled, since it is achieved by starting the engine, and it does not engender either constraint spring that has already has been sufficiently rearmed so that it can subsequently ensure the opening phase alone. Here again, due to the fact that there is no need to put the spring in stress during this closing phase, the power required to move the moving contact at the desired speed to its closed position is less important than that required with the achievements of the prior art, so that the engine used can consequently be smaller power, and therefore less expensive.

De préférence, comme cela a été mentionné précédemment, le dispositif de commande est conçu de sorte que durant la phase de fermeture du contact mobile conduisant à un déplacement du second point de raccordement du point P3 au point P1, l'énergie stockée dans le ressort mécanique ne varie pas, c'est-à-dire que ce dernier ne libère ni n'emmagasine d'énergie durant cette phase.Preferably, as mentioned previously, the control device is designed so that during the closing phase of the moving contact leading to a displacement of the second point of connection of the point P3 to the point P1, the energy stored in the spring mechanical does not vary, that is to say that the latter does not release or store energy during this phase.

A ce titre, il est tout de même indiqué que ce dispositif pourrait être conçu afin que le ressort remplisse un rôle d'accélérateur à l'instant de l'initiation de la phase de fermeture du contact mobile, en libérant une partie de son énergie préalablement emmagasinée et s'ajoutant à la puissance délivrée par le moteur, et/ou un rôle de frein en fin de phase de fermeture du contact mobile, par une mise en contrainte de ce ressort.As such, it is nevertheless indicated that this device could be designed so that the spring fulfills an accelerator role at the moment of initiation of the closing phase of the moving contact, releasing some of its energy previously stored and adding to the power delivered by the motor, and / or a brake role at the end of the closing phase of the movable contact, by a constraint of this spring.

Préférentiellement, la ligne fermée prend grossièrement la forme d'un triangle dont les points P1, P2, P3 constituent préférentiellement ses sommets, les trois côtés correspondant alors chacun à un trajet du second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement, durant l'une des trois phases distinctes précitées.Preferably, the closed line roughly takes the form of a triangle whose points P1, P2, P3 preferentially form its vertices, the three sides then each corresponding to a path of the second connection point of the actuating arm, during one of the three distinct phases mentioned above.

De manière préférée, le dispositif est conçu de sorte que la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, conduisant à un déplacement du second point de raccordement du point P1 au point P2, soit réalisée uniquement sous l'effet du ressort mécanique, de manière à obtenir une très grande fiabilité, ou bien réalisée de façon à ce que le moteur assiste ce ressort mécanique.Preferably, the device is designed so that the opening phase of the movable contact, leading to a displacement of the second point of connection of the point P1 to the point P2, is carried out solely under the effect of the mechanical spring, so as to obtain a very high reliability, or performed so that the engine assists the mechanical spring.

On peut alors indifféremment prévoir que le dispositif de commande délivre un mouvement de sortie linéaire ou rotatif en direction du contact mobile. De plus, afin d'avoir une bonne maîtrise de la phase de fermeture du contact mobile, il est de préférence utilisé un moteur du type servomoteur.It can then be indifferently provided that the control device delivers a linear or rotary output movement towards the moving contact. In addition, in order to have good control of the closing phase of the movable contact, a motor of the servomotor type is preferably used.

De préférence, la position du contact mobile est asservie pendant la phase de fermeture, par rapport à une consigne se présentant sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps. De la même manière on peut prévoir que la vitesse du contact mobile est asservie pendant la phase de fermeture, par rapport à une consigne se présentant sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps, et que l'accélération du contact mobile est asservie pendant la phase de fermeture, toujours par rapport à une consigne se présentant sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps.Preferably, the position of the movable contact is slaved during the closing phase, with respect to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time. In the same manner it can be provided that the speed of the moving contact is slaved during the closing phase, with respect to a set point in the form of a mathematical function of time, and that the acceleration of the movable contact is enslaved during the closing phase, always with respect to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time.

De manière toujours préférentielle, le dispositif comporte des moyens permettant d'emmagasiner de l'énergie se dégageant lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile sous l'effet de la détente du ressort mécanique, ces moyens étant conçus pour transférer l'énergie emmagasinée vers le ressort mécanique, lors de la phase de réarmement de ce dernier. Ce transfert d'énergie permet avantageusement de faciliter l'initiation de la phase de réarmement du ressort, normalement assurée par le moteur. A titre d'exemple indicatif, l'emmagasinage et la restitution de l'énergie est réalisé au moyen d'un volant d'inertie, tel qu'une croix de Malte. Ce volant est alors mis en rotation en fin de phase d'ouverture sous l'action d'une pièce mobile, et, de façon similaire, il initie la phase de réarmement en restituant au ressort l'énergie cinétique emmagasinée. A ce titre, il est bien entendu noté que l'énergie stockée/emmagasinée par le volant d'inertie lors de la phase d'ouverture est constituée par une partie de l'énergie délivrée par le ressort et/ou le moteur qui n'est donc plus utilisée pour assurer la fin du déplacement du contact mobile. De ce fait, cette partie de l'énergie, que l'on différencie de celle ayant permis au contact mobile d'atteindre la vitesse d'ouverture requise, peut être qualifiée d'énergie en excès dégagée par le ressort et/ou le moteur, lors de la fin de la phase d'ouverture.Always preferred, the device comprises means for storing energy released during the opening phase of the movable contact under the effect of the expansion of the mechanical spring, these means being designed to transfer energy stored in the mechanical spring, during the rearming phase of the latter. This energy transfer advantageously facilitates the initiation of the resetting phase of the spring, normally provided by the engine. As an indicative example, the storage and the restitution of energy is achieved by means of a flywheel, such as a Maltese cross. This flywheel is then rotated at the end of the opening phase under the action of a moving part, and, similarly, it initiates the resetting phase by restoring the stored kinetic energy to the spring. As such, it is of course noted that the energy stored / stored by the flywheel during the opening phase is constituted by a portion of the energy delivered by the spring and / or the engine that does not. is therefore no longer used to ensure the end of the movement of the moving contact. Therefore, this part of the energy, which is different from that which allowed the moving contact to reach the required opening speed, can be described as excess energy released by the spring and / or the engine, at the end of the opening phase.

De préférence, le second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement est constitué par un doigt guidé le long d'un chemin défini au moins partiellement matériellement sur un corps fixe, et suivant la ligne fermée.Preferably, the second connection point of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger guided along a path defined at least partially physically on a fixed body, and following the closed line.

Ainsi, ce chemin défini au moins partiellement structurellement sur le corps fixe peut être réalisé de toute façon connue de l'homme du métier, par exemple à l'aide de guides unilatéraux et/ou bilatéraux disposés de façon adjacente afin de suivre la ligne fermée, ou bien encore à l'aide d'une rainure pratiquée dans le corps fixe et pénétrée par le doigt susmentionné, comme cela est l'objet du premier mode de réalisation préféré qui va être présenté ci-dessous. Si il est envisagé que le chemin soit intégralement défini matériellement sur un corps fixe, on peut alternativement envisager, comme cela ressort de ce qui précède, que ce chemin soit en partie défini autrement que structurellement sur le corps fixe. A ce titre, on peut noter que dans la/les portions du chemin non-définies structurellement, le second point de raccordement est par exemple guidé le long de ce chemin du fait de la position spécifique des moyens de transmission qui seront présentés ultérieurement et qui sont raccordés à ce même second point, et du fait de la position des poulies ou galets destinés à être associés à ces moyens de transmission.Thus, this path defined at least partially structurally on the fixed body can be made in any case known to those skilled in the art, for example by means of unilateral and / or bilateral guides arranged adjacently to follow the closed line or else using a groove made in the fixed body and penetrated by the aforementioned finger, as is the object of the first preferred embodiment which will be presented below. If it is envisaged that the path is integrally defined materially on a fixed body, one can alternatively consider, as is clear from the foregoing, that this path is partly defined differently than structurally on the fixed body. As such, it may be noted that in the non-structurally defined portion of the path, the second connection point is for example guided along this path because of the specific position of the transmission means which will be presented later and which are connected to the same second point, and because of the position of the pulleys or rollers to be associated with these transmission means.

Une autre alternative pourrait également consister, sans sortir de cadre de l'invention, à ce que le chemin ne soit pas du tout défini structurellement sur un corps fixe, mais par exemple constitué d'une succession de segments de droites et de courbes le long desquels le second point de raccordement est capable de se déplacer du simple fait de la conception et du positionnement des moyens de transmission et des poulies ou galets associés à ces moyens de transmission, qui sont bien entendu prévus pour coopérer avec le second point de raccordement. En d'autres termes, on prévoit donc que le chemin est constitué d'une succession de segments de droites et de courbes matérialisés par les moyens de transmission et un ensemble de poulies ou galets judicieusement agencés.Another alternative could also consist, without departing from the scope of the invention, that the path is not defined at all structurally on a fixed body, but for example consists of a succession of segments of lines and curves along which the second connection point is able to move by the simple fact of the design and positioning of the transmission means and pulleys or rollers associated with these transmission means, which are of course provided to cooperate with the second connection point. In other words, it is expected that the path consists of a succession of segments of straight lines and curves materialized by the transmission means and a set of pulleys or rollers judiciously arranged.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention dans lequel le chemin est intégralement défini matériellement sur un corps fixe, le second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement est constitué par un doigt guidé dans une rainure suivant la ligne fermée et pratiquée dans le corps fixe. Ainsi, ce doigt est donc en mesure de coulisser dans sa rainure associée, par glissement et/ou roulement, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.According to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the path is integrally physically defined on a fixed body, the second connection point of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger guided in a groove along the closed line and practiced in a the fixed body. Thus, this finger is able to slide in its associated groove, by sliding and / or rolling, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Dans ce premier mode, il est prévu des moyens de transmission interposés entre le ressort mécanique et le bras d'actionnement, ces moyens de transmission étant raccordés de façon rotative sur le doigt. Ils prennent de préférence la forme d'une chaîne ou d'un câble maintenu en permanence en tension durant la mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement, directement ou préférentiellement par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un galet. Néanmoins, il serait possible d'utiliser d'autres moyens de transmission connus de l'homme du métier, comme par exemple du type lanière, sangle, courroie crantée, assemblage de bielles articulées, ruban, corde, faisceau de fibres, etc. D'une manière plus générale, les moyens de transmission préférentiellement retenus présentent une configuration linéaire.In this first mode, there are provided transmission means interposed between the mechanical spring and the actuating arm, these transmission means being rotatably connected to the finger. They preferably take the form of a chain or a cable permanently maintained in tension during the setting in motion of the actuating arm, directly or preferentially via at least one roller. Nevertheless, it would be possible to use other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc. In a more general manner, the transmission means preferably retained have a linear configuration.

Par ailleurs, il est noté que ces moyens sont de préférence également maintenus en tension en dehors des phases de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement.Furthermore, it is noted that these means are preferably also maintained in tension outside the phases of setting in motion of the actuating arm.

Selon une première alternative du premier mode de réalisation préféré, il est prévu que la portion de la ligne fermée définie entre les points P1 et P2 soit au moins en partie rectiligne, et de préférence entièrement rectiligne. Dans un tel cas, le dispositif est alors préférentiellement conçu de telle sorte que lorsque le second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement se situe au point P1, le bras d'actionnement, les moyens de transmission et un axe du ressort mécanique sont alignés, de préférence selon une direction définie par les points P1 et P2.According to a first alternative of the first preferred embodiment, it is provided that the portion of the closed line defined between the points P1 and P2 is at least partly rectilinear, and preferably completely straight. In such a case, the device is then preferably designed so that when the second connection point of the actuating arm is at point P1, the actuating arm, the transmission means and an axis of the mechanical spring are aligned. , preferably in a direction defined by the points P1 and P2.

Selon une seconde alternative du premier mode de réalisation préféré, il est prévu que la ligne fermée définie entre les points P1 et P2 soit une portion de forme au moins partiellement concave. Néanmoins, cette portion pourrait être de forme au moins partiellement convexe, ou encore comporter une zone concave associée à une zone rectiligne, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. En fonction des besoins rencontrés, il est donc possible d'avoir une portion intégrant au moins une zone rectiligne, et/ou au moins une zone concave, et/ou au moins une zone convexe.According to a second alternative of the first preferred embodiment, it is provided that the closed line defined between points P1 and P2 is a portion of at least partially concave shape. Nevertheless, this portion could be of at least partially convex shape, or may comprise a concave zone associated with a rectilinear zone, without departing from the scope of the invention. Depending on the needs encountered, it is possible to have a portion integrating at least one rectilinear zone, and / or at least one concave zone, and / or at least one convex zone.

Pour ces deux alternatives, on prévoit de façon préférée que les deux portions de la ligne fermée définies respectivement entre les points P2 et P3, et P3 et P1, sont des portions de forme au moins partiellement convexe, de préférence entièrement convexe, prenant par exemple chacune la forme d'un arc de cercle. Ici encore, il est possible de prévoir des portions intégrant chacune au moins une zone rectiligne, et/ou au moins une zone concave, et/ou au moins une zone convexe. A ce titre, les deux portions de la ligne fermée définies respectivement entre les points P2 et P3, et P3 et P1, sont préférentiellement des portions de forme au moins partiellement concave.For these two alternatives, it is preferably provided that the two portions of the closed line defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and P3 and P1, are portions of at least partially convex shape, preferably entirely convex, for example each shaped like an arc. Here again, it is possible to provide portions each integrating at least one rectilinear zone, and / or at least one concave zone, and / or at least one convex zone. As such, the two portions of the closed line defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and P3 and P1, are preferably portions of at least partially concave shape.

De préférence, dans ce premier mode de réalisation préféré, le dispositif comprend un premier levier de commande piloté par le moteur de manière à pouvoir amener le doigt du point P2 au point P3, par contact avec ce même doigt, et comprend également un second levier de commande piloté par le moteur de manière à pouvoir amener ce doigt du point P3 au point P1, toujours par contact avec ce même doigt. Ainsi, dans ce premier mode de réalisation préféré où le pion se situe dans la rainure, il est bien entendu que le déplacement de ce pion s'effectue par glissement et/ou roulement au travers de la rainure.Preferably, in this first preferred embodiment, the device comprises a first control lever controlled by the motor so as to be able to bring the finger from the point P2 to the point P3, by contact with the same finger, and also comprises a second lever controlled by the motor so as to bring this finger from point P3 to point P1, always by contact with the same finger. Thus, in this first preferred embodiment where the pin is in the groove, it is understood that the movement of this pin is made by sliding and / or rolling through the groove.

De plus, on prévoit que les premier et second leviers de commande soient mis en mouvement simultanément par le moteur, durant les phases de réarmement du ressort mécanique et de fermeture du contact mobile. De ce fait, on peut avantageusement disposer d'un unique moteur pour piloter les deux leviers aux fonctions différentes, ce qui simplifie sensiblement la conception du dispositif de commande. Cependant, il est également envisageable de prévoir que les premier et second leviers de commande soient mis en mouvement indépendamment par le moteur, respectivement durant les phases de réarmement du ressort mécanique et de fermeture du contact mobile.In addition, it is expected that the first and second control levers are set in motion simultaneously by the engine, during the phases of resetting the mechanical spring and closing the movable contact. As a result, it is advantageous to have a single motor for controlling the two levers with different functions, which substantially simplifies the design of the control device. However, it is also conceivable to provide that the first and second control levers are set independently by the motor, respectively during the resetting phases of the mechanical spring and closing the movable contact.

Selon un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention, le dispositif comprend un système d'engrenages pourvu d'une couronne intérieure fixe de rayon R1, d'un satellite de rayon R2 engrenant extérieurement avec la couronne, ainsi que d'un porte-satellite disposant d'un arbre rotatif agencé selon un axe central de la couronne intérieure, le second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement étant constitué par un doigt monté de façon rotative sur le satellite, celui-ci disposant d'un axe central parallèle à un axe central du doigt et espacé de ce dernier axe d'une distance d1.According to a second embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a gear system provided with a fixed inner ring of radius R1, a satellite of radius R2 meshing externally with the crown, as well as a carrier. satellite having a rotary shaft arranged along a central axis of the inner ring, the second connection point of the actuating arm consisting of a finger rotatably mounted on the satellite, the latter having a parallel central axis to a central axis of the finger and spaced from the latter axis by a distance d1.

Cet agencement permet de faire décrire une ligne fermée du type hypocycloïde au second point de raccordement, qui est tout à fait adaptée pour recréer le cycle désiré de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement.This arrangement makes it possible to have a hypocycloid-type closed line described at the second connection point, which is quite suitable for recreating the desired cycle of movement of the actuating arm.

Le dispositif comprend des moyens de transmission interposés entre le ressort mécanique et le bras d'actionnement, ces moyens de transmission étant raccordés de façon rotative sur le satellite de manière à pouvoir pivoter par rapport à celui-ci autour d'un axe de rotation parallèle à l'axe central du satellite et espacé de ce dernier axe d'une distance d2. Ici aussi, les moyens de transmission prennent de préférence la forme d'une chaîne ou d'un câble maintenu en permanence en tension durant la mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement, directement ou préférentiellement par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un galet. Néanmoins, il serait possible d'utiliser d'autres moyens de transmission connus de l'homme du métier, comme par exemple du type lanière, sangle, courroie crantée, assemblage de bielles articulées, ruban, corde, faisceau de fibres, etc. D'une manière plus générale, les moyens de transmission préférentiellement retenus présentent une configuration linéaire. Par ailleurs, il est noté que ces moyens sont de préférence également maintenus en tension en dehors des phases de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement.The device comprises transmission means interposed between the mechanical spring and the actuating arm, these transmission means being rotatably connected to the transmission satellite. so as to be pivotable relative thereto about an axis of rotation parallel to the central axis of the satellite and spaced from the latter axis by a distance d2. Here also, the transmission means preferably take the form of a chain or a cable permanently maintained in tension during the setting in motion of the actuating arm, directly or preferentially via at least one roller . Nevertheless, it would be possible to use other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc. In a more general manner, the transmission means preferably retained have a linear configuration. Furthermore, it is noted that these means are preferably also maintained in tension outside the phases of setting in motion of the actuating arm.

Dans les alternatives qui suivent, les paramètres R1 et R2 sont fixés de manière à remplir la condition (1) 5 > R1/R2 > 1, et de préférence la condition plus restrictive (2) R1/R2 = 3, qui permet notamment d'assurer la condition de périodicité des trois phases distinctes. Il est noté que la valeur du rapport de rayons R1/R2 donné ci-dessus correspond également au rapport du nombre de dents portées par la couronne et le satellite.In the following alternatives, the parameters R1 and R2 are set so as to satisfy the condition (1)> R1 / R2> 1, and preferably the more restrictive condition (2) R1 / R2 = 3, which allows, in particular, ensure the condition of periodicity of the three distinct phases. It is noted that the value of the ray ratio R1 / R2 given above also corresponds to the ratio of the number of teeth carried by the crown and the satellite.

Selon une première alternative du second mode de réalisation préféré, l'axe de rotation précité des moyens de transmission et l'axe central du doigt sont confondus, ce qui implique que la valeur de d1 est égale à celle de d2.According to a first alternative of the second preferred embodiment, the aforementioned axis of rotation of the transmission means and the central axis of the finger are confounded, which implies that the value of d1 is equal to that of d2.

Dans un tel cas, on peut prévoir que les paramètres R1, R2, d1 sont fixés de manière à remplir la condition (3) 2 > d1/R2 > 0,2, et plus préférentiellement la condition (4) d1/R2 = 1/3, toujours de préférence en respectant la condition (2) R1/R2 = 3. Bien entendu, le rapport d1/R2 peut s'étendre entre 0,3 et 0,4, ou donc dans une gamme plus large allant de 0,2 à 2.In such a case, it can be provided that the parameters R1, R2, d1 are set so as to fulfill the condition (3) 2> d1 / R2> 0.2, and more preferably the condition (4) d1 / R2 = 1 / 3, still preferably in accordance with the condition (2) R1 / R2 = 3. Of course, the ratio d1 / R2 may range between 0.3 and 0.4, or so in a wider range from 0 , 2 to 2.

Dans le cas spécifique où l'on prévoit que d1/R2 = 1/3, la ligne fermée selon laquelle se déplace le second point de raccordement lors du cycle de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement dispose alors d'une forme grossière de triangle, dont les côtés sont sensiblement de forme convexe.In the specific case where it is expected that d1 / R2 = 1/3, the closed line along which the second connection point moves during the activation arm actuation cycle then has a coarse form of triangle, whose sides are substantially convex.

Selon une seconde alternative du second mode de réalisation préféré, l'axe de rotation précité des moyens de transmission et l'axe central du doigt sont distincts.According to a second alternative of the second preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned axis of rotation of the transmission means and the central axis of the finger are distinct.

Dans ce cas, les paramètres R1, R2, d1 et d2 sont fixés de manière à remplir les conditions (2) R1/R2 = 3, (3) 2 > d1/R2 > 0,2, et (5) 2 > d2/R2 > 0,2.In this case, the parameters R1, R2, d1 and d2 are set to fulfill the conditions (2) R1 / R2 = 3, (3) 2> d1 / R2> 0.2, and (5) 2> d2 / R2> 0.2.

Plus préférentiellement, on prévoit que les paramètres R1, R2, d1 et d2 sont fixés de manière à remplir les conditions (6) d1/R2 = 1, et (7) d2/R2 = 1/3, toujours de préférence en respectant la condition (2) R1/R2 = 3.More preferably, it is provided that the parameters R1, R2, d1 and d2 are set so as to fulfill the conditions (6) d1 / R2 = 1, and (7) d2 / R2 = 1/3, still preferably by respecting the condition (2) R1 / R2 = 3.

Ici encore, les valeurs pour cette seconde alternative sont uniquement données à titre d'exemple illustratif, et ne sont donc pas limitatives. A cet égard, il est noté que les trois conditions indiquées ci-dessus permettent à la ligne fermée selon laquelle se déplace le second point de raccordement de disposer d'une forme grossière de triangle, dont les côtés sont sensiblement de forme concave.Here again, the values for this second alternative are only given by way of illustrative example, and are therefore not limiting. In this In this regard, it is noted that the three conditions indicated above allow the closed line in which the second connection point moves to have a coarse shape of triangle, the sides of which are substantially concave in shape.

Par ailleurs, le système d'engrenages comporte en outre une roue dentée entraînée par le moteur et montée de façon rotative sur l'arbre rotatif du porte-satellite, la roue dentée étant couplée mécaniquement au porte-satellite de manière à autoriser une libre rotation de celui-ci autour de son arbre lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile durant laquelle le doigt est déplacé du point P1 au point P2 sous l'effet du ressort mécanique, et de manière à entraîner en rotation avec elle ce même porte-satellite lors des phases de réarmement du ressort et de fermeture du contact mobile, durant lesquelles le doigt est respectivement déplacé des points P2 à P3, et des points P3 à P1, sous l'effet de la mise en marche du moteur entraînant la rotation de la roue dentée.Furthermore, the gear system further comprises a gear wheel driven by the motor and rotatably mounted on the rotary shaft of the carrier, the gear wheel being mechanically coupled to the carrier so as to allow free rotation. of it around its shaft during the opening phase of the movable contact during which the finger is moved from the point P1 to the point P2 under the effect of the mechanical spring, and so as to rotate with it the same door -satellite during the phases of resetting the spring and closing the movable contact, during which the finger is respectively moved from the points P2 to P3, and points P3 to P1, under the effect of starting the motor causing the rotation of the toothed wheel.

Pour ce faire, on peut prévoir que la roue dentée est couplée mécaniquement au porte-satellite par l'intermédiaire d'une rainure circulaire pratiquée sur un secteur angulaire de la roue, et traversée par un arbre du porte-satellite portant de façon librement rotative le satellite et étant agencé selon l'axe central de ce dernier.To do this, it can be provided that the toothed wheel is mechanically coupled to the carrier by means of a circular groove formed on an angular sector of the wheel, and traversed by a shaft of the carrier bearing freely rotative the satellite and being arranged along the central axis of the latter.

Dans ce second mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, le moteur est prévu pour assister le ressort durant la phase d'ouverture, par exemple durant une partie seulement de cette phase d'ouverture.In this second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the motor is provided to assist the spring during the opening phase, by example during only part of this opening phase.

On prévoit alors que le moteur assiste le ressort et permet, durant la phase d'ouverture, d'asservir la position du contact mobile par rapport à une consigne se présentant sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps. De la même manière, on prévoit que le moteur assiste le ressort et permet, durant la phase d'ouverture, d'asservir la vitesse du contact mobile par rapport à une consigne se présentant sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps, et/ou d'asservir l'accélération du contact mobile par rapport à une consigne se présentant toujours sous la forme d'une fonction mathématique du temps.It is then expected that the engine assists the spring and allows, during the opening phase, to slave the position of the movable contact with respect to a set of instructions in the form of a mathematical function of time. In the same way, it is expected that the motor assists the spring and allows, during the opening phase, to slave the speed of the moving contact with respect to a set point in the form of a mathematical function of time, and / or to enslave the acceleration of the moving contact with respect to a setpoint always in the form of a mathematical function of time.

Naturellement, il est prévu que le dispositif soit conçu de sorte que l'ouverture du contact mobile puisse être effectuée même lorsque le moteur n'est pas en mesure d'assister le ressort ou d'asservir les paramètres de l'ouverture du contact mobile.Naturally, it is expected that the device is designed so that the opening of the movable contact can be performed even when the motor is not able to assist the spring or enslave the parameters of the opening of the movable contact .

L'invention a également pour objet un appareillage électrique comportant un contact mobile apte à occuper une position fermée et une position ouverte, cet appareillage comportant un dispositif de commande tel que celui exposé ci-dessus.The invention also relates to an electrical apparatus comprising a movable contact capable of occupying a closed position and an open position, this apparatus comprising a control device such as that described above.

Enfin, l'invention se rapporte également à un procédé de commande d'un appareillage électrique mis en oeuvre à l'aide d'un dispositif de commande tel que celui exposé ci-dessus.Finally, the invention also relates to a control method of an electrical equipment implemented using a control device such as that described above.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description détaillée ci-dessous, qui sera faite au regard des dessins annexés parmi lesquels ;

  • les figures 1a à 1c représentent schématiquement le principe de l'invention, en montrant le dispositif de commande à différents stades lors d'un cycle de commande partant d'un instant où le contact mobile occupe sa position fermée, et se poursuivant jusqu'à ce qu'il retrouve cette même position après avoir occupé la position ouverte ;
  • la figure 2 montre une vue similaire à celle représentée sur la figure 1b, sur laquelle le dispositif de commande a été adapté pour fournir un mouvement de sortie rotatif pour le contact mobile ;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de commande selon une première alternative d'un premier mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention ;
  • les figures 4a à 4d montrent le dispositif de commande de la figure 3 à différents stades lors d'un cycle de commande partant d'un instant où le contact mobile occupe sa position fermée, et se poursuivant jusqu'à ce qu'il retrouve cette même position après avoir occupé la position ouverte ;
  • la figure 5 représente une vue de face d'un dispositif de commande selon une seconde alternative du premier mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention ;
  • les figures 6a et 6b représentent des vues de face et de côté d'un dispositif de commande selon une première alternative d'un second mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention ;
  • la figure 7 représente schématiquement la ligne fermée selon laquelle se déplace le second point de raccordement du bras d'actionnement lors du cycle de mise en mouvement de ce bras appartenant au dispositif montré sur les figures 6a et 6b ;
  • les figures 7a à 7c montrent le dispositif de commande des figures 6a et 6b à différents stades lors d'un cycle de commande partant d'un instant où le contact mobile occupe sa position fermée, et se poursuivant jusqu'à ce qu'il retrouve cette même position après avoir occupé la position ouverte ;
  • les figures 8a et 8b représentent des vues de face et de côté d'un dispositif de commande selon une seconde alternative du second mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention ;
  • la figure 9 représente schématiquement la ligne fermée selon laquelle se déplace le second point de raccordement lors du cycle de mise en mouvement du bras d'actionnement appartenant au dispositif montré sur les figures 8a et 8b ;
  • la figure 10 représente une vue similaire à celle montrée sur la figure 9, sur laquelle une manière préférentielle de réaliser les moyens de transmission a été détaillée ; et
  • les figures 11a à 11c représentent une façon de réaliser les moyens permettant d'emmagasiner de l'énergie en excès se dégageant lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile sous l'effet du ressort mécanique.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the description detailed below, which will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings among which;
  • the Figures 1a to 1c schematically represent the principle of the invention, by showing the control device at different stages during a control cycle starting from a moment when the moving contact occupies its closed position, and continuing until it finds this same position after having occupied the open position;
  • the figure 2 shows a view similar to that shown on the figure 1b , on which the control device has been adapted to provide a rotary output movement for the movable contact;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of a control device according to a first alternative of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
  • the Figures 4a to 4d show the control device of the figure 3 at different stages during a control cycle starting from a moment when the moving contact occupies its closed position, and continuing until it finds the same position after having occupied the open position;
  • the figure 5 represents a front view of a control device according to a second alternative of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
  • the Figures 6a and 6b are front and side views of a controller according to a first alternative of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
  • the figure 7 schematically represents the closed line in which the second connection point of the actuating arm moves during the cycle of movement of this arm belonging to the device shown in FIGS. Figures 6a and 6b ;
  • the Figures 7a to 7c show the control device of the Figures 6a and 6b at different stages during a control cycle starting from a moment when the moving contact occupies its closed position, and continuing until it finds the same position after having occupied the open position;
  • the figures 8a and 8b show front and side views of a controller according to a second alternative of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
  • the figure 9 schematically represents the closed line along which the second connection point moves during the activation arm actuation cycle belonging to the device shown in the drawings. figures 8a and 8b ;
  • the figure 10 represents a view similar to that shown on the figure 9 , on which a preferential manner of carrying out the transmission means has been detailed; and
  • the Figures 11a to 11c represent a way to achieve the means for storing excess energy emerging during the opening phase of the movable contact under the effect of the mechanical spring.

En référence tout d'abord aux figures 1a à 1c schématisant le principe de l'invention, on peut apercevoir de façon très schématique un dispositif de commande 1 à différents stades lors d'un cycle de commande partant d'un instant où le contact mobile (non représenté), qu'il est censé piloter, occupe sa position fermée, et se poursuivant jusqu'à ce qu'il retrouve cette même position après avoir occupé sa position ouverte. La figure 1a représente ainsi à la fois la position initiale et la position finale du cycle, les figures se lisant alors de façon cyclique dans l'ordre 1a, 1b, 1c, 1a, etc.With reference first to Figures 1a to 1c schematizing the principle of the invention, it is possible to see very schematically a control device 1 at different stages during a control cycle starting from a moment when the mobile contact (not shown), which it is supposed to drive , occupies his closed position, and continues until he finds the same position after having occupied his open position. The figure 1a represents both the initial position and the end position of the cycle, the figures then reading cyclically in the order 1a, 1b, 1c, 1a, etc.

Ce dispositif de commande 1 est effectivement destiné à équiper un appareillage électrique comportant un contact mobile apte à occuper une position fermée et une position ouverte, comme par exemple un disjoncteur, un sectionneur, ou encore un dispositif de mise à la terre. Il est noté que cet appareillage est également objet de la présente invention.This control device 1 is effectively intended to equip an electrical equipment comprising a movable contact capable of occupying a closed position and an open position, such as for example a circuit breaker, a disconnector, or a device for grounding. It is noted that this apparatus is also an object of the present invention.

Pour assurer son rôle de commande du contact mobile, le dispositif 1 comporte tout d'abord un organe de sortie 2 prenant par exemple la forme d'une barre destinée à coulisser selon son propre axe, le long d'un chemin de barre 4. Cet organe 2 dispose d'une extrémité de raccordement avec le contact mobile 2a, ainsi que d'une extrémité de raccordement avec un bras d'actionnement 2b. A cet égard, on peut donc noter que l'extrémité 2a, qui est indifféremment raccordée de façon directe ou indirecte au contact mobile de l'appareillage, est donc capable d'être animée d'un mouvement de va-et-vient selon l'axe de l'organe 2, ce qui lui permet de délivrer un mouvement de sortie linéaire en direction du contact mobile, comme cela est représenté schématiquement par la double-flèche 6a.To ensure its role of controlling the movable contact, the device 1 comprises firstly an output member 2 taking for example the shape of a bar intended to slide along its own axis, along a bar path 4. This member 2 has a connecting end with the movable contact 2a, as well as a connecting end with an actuating arm 2b. In this respect, it can thus be noted that the end 2a, which is indifferently connected directly or indirectly to the moving contact of the apparatus, is therefore capable of being driven by a reciprocating movement along the axis of the member 2, which allows it to deliver a linear output movement towards the moving contact, as shown schematically by the double-arrow 6a.

Comme évoqué ci-dessus, le dispositif 1 comporte un bras d'actionnement 8, disposant d'un premier point de raccordement 8a monté de façon articulée sur l'extrémité 2b de l'organe 2, et d'un second point de raccordement 8b ayant la particularité de pouvoir être déplacé le long d'une ligne fermée L représentée sur les figures 1a à 1c. Le premier point 8a est donc quant à lui également destiné à être animé d'un mouvement de va-et-vient selon l'axe de l'organe 2 durant un cycle de mise en mouvement du bras 8, puisqu'il est directement raccordé sur l'extrémité 2b de cet organe coulissant.As mentioned above, the device 1 comprises an actuating arm 8, having a first connection point 8a hingedly mounted on the end 2b of the member 2, and a second connection point 8b having the particularity of being able to be moved along a closed line L represented on the Figures 1a to 1c . The first point 8a is therefore also intended to be moved back and forth along the axis of the member 2 during a cycle of setting the arm 8 in motion, since it is directly connected. on the end 2b of this sliding member.

Bien entendu, les deux modes de réalisation préférés qui seront décrits ultérieurement donnent des solutions possibles pour faire suivre une ligne fermée au second point de raccordement. Cependant, celles-ci ne sont évidemment pas limitatives.Of course, the two preferred embodiments which will be described later give possible solutions for following a closed line to the second connection point. However, these are obviously not limiting.

D'autre part, le dispositif 1 comporte un moteur 10 du type servomoteur, un ressort mécanique 12 qui peut éventuellement être remplacé par une pluralité de ressorts, ainsi que des moyens de transmission 14 interposés entre le ressort 12 et le bras d'actionnement 8. Plus précisément, les moyens de transmission 14, par exemple du type chaîne, câble, lanière, sangle, courroie crantée, assemblage de bielles articulées, ruban, corde, faisceau de fibres, etc, comprennent une première extrémité 14a montée de façon articulée sur le second point de raccordement 8b, ainsi qu'une seconde extrémité 14b coopérant avec une extrémité du ressort 12.On the other hand, the device 1 comprises a motor 10 of the servomotor type, a mechanical spring 12 which may optionally be replaced by a plurality of springs, and transmission means 14 interposed between the spring 12 and the actuating arm 8 More specifically, the transmission means 14, for example of the type chain, cable, strap, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, ribbon, rope, fiber bundle, etc., comprise a first end 14a mounted of articulated manner on the second connection point 8b, and a second end 14b cooperating with one end of the spring 12.

Dans le cas préférentiel montré sur les figures 1a à 1c, le ressort 12 est un ressort fonctionnant en compression, avec une extrémité plaquée contre un élément fixe 16 du dispositif 1, et l'autre extrémité plaquée contre la seconde extrémité 14b des moyens de transmission 14, ces derniers traversant successivement l'élément 16 ainsi que le ressort 12.In the preferential case shown on the Figures 1a to 1c the spring 12 is a spring operating in compression, with one end pressed against a fixed element 16 of the device 1, and the other end pressed against the second end 14b of the transmission means 14, the latter passing through the element 16 and the that the spring 12.

En référence plus spécifiquement à la figure 1a, on peut voir que le bras 8 se trouve dans une position de fermeture plaçant l'organe 2 lui étant directement raccordé dans une position telle que son extrémité 2a permet au contact mobile d'occuper sa position fermée. Il est rappelé que le contact mobile est maintenu fermement dans cette position fermée par l'intermédiaire de moyens classiques de blocage (non représentés), connus de l'homme du métier. A titre indicatif, ces moyens de blocage appartiennent indifféremment au dispositif de commande ou à une autre partie de l'appareillage électrique.With reference more specifically to the figure 1a it can be seen that the arm 8 is in a closed position placing the member 2 directly connected to it in a position such that its end 2a allows the movable contact to occupy its closed position. It is recalled that the movable contact is held firmly in this closed position by means of conventional locking means (not shown), known to those skilled in the art. As an indication, these blocking means belong indifferently to the control device or to another part of the electrical equipment.

Dans cette position de fermeture, le bras 8 est de préférence sensiblement parallèle à la direction 6a, et son second point de raccordement 8b occupe un point P1 de la ligne fermée L, qui est préférentiellement agencée dans un plan, et qui dispose de préférence d'une forme grossière de triangle. Naturellement, il est possible d'envisager des réalisations dans lesquelles en position de fermeture, le bras 8 est incliné par rapport à la direction 6a.In this closed position, the arm 8 is preferably substantially parallel to the direction 6a, and its second connection point 8b occupies a point P1 of the closed line L, which is preferably arranged in a plane, and which preferably has a rough form of triangle. Naturally, it is possible to envisage embodiments in which in the closed position, the arm 8 is inclined relative to the direction 6a.

Par ailleurs, toujours dans cette position de fermeture, le ressort mécanique 12 est comprimé entre l'élément 16 et l'extrémité 14b des moyens de transmission 14.Moreover, still in this closed position, the mechanical spring 12 is compressed between the element 16 and the end 14b of the transmission means 14.

Lorsqu'un ordre d'ouverture du contact mobile est reçu par l'appareillage, les moyens de blocage précités du contact mobile sont désactivés. A cet égard, il est noté que ces moyens agissent de préférence de façon indirecte sur le contact mobile, c'est-à-dire au plus près du réservoir d'énergie afin de limiter au maximum le nombre de pièces sous contraintes mécaniques permanentes.When an order to open the movable contact is received by the apparatus, the aforementioned blocking means of the movable contact are deactivated. In this regard, it is noted that these means preferably act indirectly on the moving contact, that is to say closer to the energy reservoir to limit the maximum number of parts under permanent mechanical stresses.

Suite à cette désactivation, il est initié une phase d'ouverture du contact mobile assurée par la libération d'énergie du ressort 12. En effet, durant cette phase, le ressort 12 sollicite la seconde extrémité 14b des moyens de transmission qui s'éloigne donc de l'élément fixe 16, en entraînant avec elle l'ensemble des moyens 14, ainsi que le bras d'actionnement 8 dont le second point de raccordement 8b suit la ligne L le long d'une première portion de celle-ci.Following this deactivation, it is initiated a phase of opening of the movable contact provided by the release of energy from the spring 12. Indeed, during this phase, the spring 12 biases the second end 14b of the transmission means which moves away therefore of the fixed element 16, driving with it all the means 14, and the actuating arm 8, the second connection point 8b follows the line L along a first portion thereof.

La phase d'ouverture s'achève lorsque le contact mobile a atteint sa position ouverte, dans laquelle il est de préférence maintenu simplement de par la conception et la géométrie spécifiques du dispositif de commande, et donc sans qu'il ne soit fait appel aux moyens de blocage. Le bras 8 occupe alors une position d'ouverture telle que montrée sur la figure 1b, dans laquelle le second point de raccordement 8b se positionne en un point P2 de la ligne fermée L, correspondant à la limite de la première portion de cette ligne.The opening phase ends when the moving contact has reached its open position, in which it is preferably maintained simply by the specific design and geometry of the control device, and therefore without the use of the locking means. The arm 8 then occupies an open position as shown on the figure 1b , in which the second connection point 8b is positioned at a point P2 of the closed line L, corresponding to the limit of the first portion of this line.

De préférence, pour des raisons de sûreté de fonctionnement, en particulier de disponibilité de l'appareillage électrique, cette phase d'ouverture est réalisée uniquement sous l'effet du ressort mécanique 12, sans intervention du moteur 10. En effet, les appareillages électriques utilisés pour la protection des ouvrages de transport et de distribution de l'énergie électrique doivent être capables de fonctionner même en cas de défaillance des sources d'énergie auxiliaires.Preferably, for reasons of operational safety, in particular of the availability of the electrical equipment, this opening phase is performed solely under the effect of the mechanical spring 12, without the intervention of the motor 10. In fact, the electrical equipment used for the protection of transmission and distribution works must be capable of functioning even in the event of failure of the auxiliary sources of energy.

Ensuite, directement après l'achèvement de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, il est initié une phase de réarmement du ressort 12 ayant préalablement libéré son énergie, au moins en partie. Cette phase de réarmement est réalisée à l'aide du moteur 10 assurant d'une manière quelconque un mouvement de bras 8 de sorte que son second point de raccordement 8b se déplace le long d'une seconde portion de la ligne L jusqu'à un point P3 de celle-ci, et de sorte que son premier point de raccordement 8a reste dans une position assurant que le contact mobile conserve sa position ouverte, comme le montre la figure 1c. En d'autres termes, durant cette phase de réarmement, le second point 8b se déplace entre les points P2 et P3 de la ligne L, tandis que le premier point 8a, l'organe 2 et le contact mobile gardent sensiblement un même positionnement.Then, directly after the completion of the opening phase of the movable contact, it is initiated a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously released its energy, at least in part. This resetting phase is carried out by means of the motor 10 ensuring in any way an arm movement 8 so that its second connection point 8b moves along a second portion of the line L up to a distance. point P3 thereof, and so that its first connection point 8a remains in a position ensuring that the movable contact retains its open position, as shown in FIG. figure 1c . In other words, during this rearming phase, the second point 8b moves between the points P2 and P3 of the line L, while the first point 8a, the member 2 and the movable contact keep substantially the same position.

Durant cette phase de réarmement du ressort 12, les moyens de transmission 14 sont entraînés par le second point de raccordement 8b en mouvement, ce qui pousse leur extrémité 14b à se rapprocher de l'élément fixe 16 et donc à faire emmagasiner de l'énergie au ressort 12, par compression de celui-ci.During this phase of resetting the spring 12, the transmission means 14 are driven by the second connecting point 8b in motion, which pushes their end 14b to approach the fixed element 16 and thus to store energy to the spring 12, by compression thereof.

Lorsqu'un ordre de fermeture du contact mobile est reçu par l'appareillage, les moyens de blocage précités du contact mobile sont désactivés, et une phase de fermeture du contact mobile est initiée par le dispositif 1, par la mise en marche du moteur 10 assurant d'une manière quelconque un mouvement de bras 8 de sorte que son second point de raccordement 8b se déplace le long d'une troisième portion de la ligne L, jusqu'au point P1 précité.When a closing order of the movable contact is received by the apparatus, the aforementioned locking means of the moving contact are deactivated, and a closing phase of the movable contact is initiated by the device 1, by starting the motor 10 providing in any way an arm movement 8 so that its second connection point 8b moves along a third portion of the line L, to point P1 above.

De préférence, cette phase est réalisée uniquement avec l'énergie transmise par le moteur 10, et aucune énergie provenant du ressort 12. D'autre part, on fait de préférence en sorte que durant cette phase de fermeture du contact mobile, le ressort mécanique 12 n'emmagasine pas d'énergie supplémentaire, puisque la phase antérieure de réarmement de celui-ci lui a permis d'emmagasiner suffisamment d'énergie pour pouvoir assurer une phase ultérieure d'ouverture du contact mobile.Preferably, this phase is performed only with the energy transmitted by the motor 10, and no energy from the spring 12. On the other hand, it is preferably so that during this closing phase of the movable contact, the mechanical spring 12 does not store additional energy, since the previous rearming phase of it has allowed it to store enough energy to be able to ensure a subsequent phase of opening the movable contact.

De ce fait, pendant la phase de fermeture du contact mobile durant laquelle le bras 8 passe de sa position réarmée montrée sur la figure 1c à sa position de fermeture montrée sur la figure 1a, l'extrémité 14b des moyens de transmission 14 reste immobile, assurant un écartement inchangé entre l'élément fixe 16 et cette extrémité 14b. En revanche, l'autre extrémité 14a suit le déplacement du second point 8b du bras 8, en pivotant autour de celui-ci.Therefore, during the closing phase of the movable contact during which the arm 8 passes from its rearmed position shown on the figure 1c at its closed position shown on the figure 1a the end 14b of the transmission means 14 remains stationary, ensuring an unchanged spacing between the fixed element 16 and this end 14b. In contrast, the other end 14a follows the displacement of the second point 8b of the arm 8, by pivoting around it.

De préférence, les trois portions précitées de la ligne L formant grossièrement un triangle constituent alors les trois côtés de ce triangle, dont les points P1, P2, et P3 peuvent par conséquent être considérés comme ses sommets. A cet égard, il est noté que la forme des trois portions représentées sur les figures 1a à 1c n'est en aucun cas limitative. A titre indicatif, il est noté que le point P2 pourrait alternativement être placé entre les points P2 et P3 représentés sur les figures 1a à 1c, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Preferably, the three aforementioned portions of the line L roughly forming a triangle then constitute the three sides of this triangle, whose points P1, P2, and P3 can therefore be considered as its vertices. In this respect, it is noted that the shape of the three portions represented on the Figures 1a to 1c is in no way limiting. As an indication, it is noted that the point P2 could alternatively be placed between the points P2 and P3 represented on the Figures 1a to 1c , without departing from the scope of the invention.

On peut faire en sorte que le dispositif 1 comporte des moyens permettant d'emmagasiner de l'énergie en excès se dégageant lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile sous l'effet du ressort mécanique, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement en référence aux figures 11a à 11c. Cela permet ainsi de pouvoir transférer cette énergie en excès vers le ressort mécanique, lors de la phase de réarmement de ce dernier, et de préférence au moment de l'initiation de celle-ci. Par conséquent, cette phase de réarmement visant à comprimer le ressort s'effectue avantageusement à l'aide de l'énergie transmise par le moteur, mais également à l'aide de l'énergie transmise par ces moyens additionnels pouvant par exemple prendre la forme d'un volant d'inertie.It can be arranged that the device 1 comprises means for storing excess energy released during the opening phase of the moving contact under the effect of the mechanical spring, as will be described later with reference to the Figures 11a to 11c . This makes it possible to transfer this excess energy to the mechanical spring, during the rearming phase of the latter, and preferably at the moment of initiation thereof. Therefore, this rearming phase to compress the spring is advantageously performed using the energy transmitted by the engine, but also with the energy transmitted by these additional means can for example take the form of a flywheel.

Par ailleurs, il est noté que même si le dispositif est de préférence conçu de sorte que la phase de fermeture du contact mobile s'effectue sans qu'il ne se produise de libération ou d'emmagasinage d'énergie pour le ressort mécanique, on peut tout de même prévoir que ce dispositif soit conçu afin que le ressort remplisse un rôle d'accélérateur de la mise en mouvement du second point de raccordement, à l'instant de l'initiation de la phase de fermeture du contact mobile, en libérant une partie de son énergie préalablement emmagasinée et s'ajoutant à celle délivrée par le moteur. D'autre part, le ressort pourrait également remplir une fonction de freinage en fin de phase de fermeture du contact mobile, par une mise en compression de ce ressort permettant de ralentir la vitesse de déplacement du second point de raccordement, et celle de l'ensemble du bras d'actionnement arrivant à proximité de sa position de fermeture montrée sur la figure 1a.Furthermore, it is noted that even if the device is preferably designed so that the closing phase of the moving contact is effected without that there is no release or storage of energy for the mechanical spring, it can still be expected that this device is designed so that the spring serves as an accelerator of the setting in motion of the second point of connection, at the moment of initiation of the closing phase of the movable contact, releasing some of its energy previously stored and adding to that delivered by the engine. On the other hand, the spring could also fulfill a braking function at the end of the closing phase of the movable contact, by a compression of this spring to slow the speed of movement of the second connection point, and that of the actuator arm assembly arriving close to its closed position shown on the figure 1a .

La figure 2 montre une vue schématique du dispositif de commande 1 sur laquelle celui-ci a été légèrement modifié par rapport à celui des figures 1a à 1c, pour pouvoir délivrer un mouvement de sortie rotatif pour le contact mobile. Cette solution couverte par la présente invention peut par exemple être obtenue en remplaçant la barre coulissante par un organe de sortie 2 pivotant autour d'un arbre fixe 20, cet organe de sortie 2 pouvant alors disposer d'une première branche portant l'extrémité 2b raccordée de façon rotative au premier point de raccordement 8a du bras 8, et d'une seconde branche décalée angulairement par rapport à la première et portant l'extrémité 2a destinée à être raccordée au contact mobile. Dans l'exemple représenté, l'organe de sortie 2 est monté sur l'arbre 20 au niveau de la jonction entre ses deux branches, ce qui permet de délivrer un mouvement de sortie rotatif, centré sur cet arbre 20, en direction du contact mobile, comme cela est représenté schématiquement par la double-flèche 6b.The figure 2 shows a schematic view of the control device 1 on which it has been slightly modified compared to that of Figures 1a to 1c , to be able to deliver a rotary output movement for the moving contact. This solution covered by the present invention can for example be obtained by replacing the sliding bar by an output member 2 pivoting about a fixed shaft 20, this output member 2 can then have a first branch carrying the end 2b rotatably connected to the first connection point 8a of the arm 8, and a second branch angularly offset relative to the first and carrying the end 2a intended to be connected to the movable contact. In the example shown, the output member 2 is mounted on the shaft 20 at the junction between its two branches, which provides a rotary output movement, centered on the shaft 20, towards the movable contact, as shown schematically by the double-arrow 6b.

En référence à présent aux figures 3 et 4a, on peut apercevoir un dispositif de commande 1 selon une première alternative d'un premier mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, la figure 3 montrant le bras d'actionnement 8 dans une position intermédiaire entre sa position de fermeture et sa position d'ouverture, tandis que la figure 4a montre le bras d'actionnement 8 dans sa position de fermeture.Referring now to figures 3 and 4a it is possible to see a control device 1 according to a first alternative of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the figure 3 showing the actuating arm 8 in an intermediate position between its closed position and its open position, while the figure 4a shows the actuating arm 8 in its closed position.

Globalement, dans ce premier mode de réalisation préféré, l'une des particularités réside dans le fait que le second point de raccordement 8b du bras d'actionnement est constitué par un doigt apte à coulisser dans une rainure 22 suivant la ligne fermée L et pratiquée dans un corps fixe 24 du dispositif 1, telle qu'une plaque. Il est noté que ce premier mode s'inscrit dans le groupe des cas envisagés où le bras d'actionnement 8 est constitué par un doigt guidé par un chemin défini matériellement sur un corps fixe et suivant la ligne fermée, le chemin étant donc ici défini par la rainure, mais pouvant alternativement être délimité structurellement par des guides unilatéraux ou bilatéraux, ou encore tout autre moyen similaire.Overall, in this first preferred embodiment, one of the peculiarities lies in the fact that the second connection point 8b of the actuating arm is constituted by a finger able to slide in a groove 22 along the closed line L and practiced in a fixed body 24 of the device 1, such as a plate. It is noted that this first mode falls within the group of envisaged cases where the actuating arm 8 is constituted by a finger guided by a path defined materially on a fixed body and following the closed line, the path being thus defined here by the groove, but alternatively be structurally delimited by unilateral or bilateral guides, or any other similar means.

Ce doigt 8b traverse donc la rainure 22, en étant agencé orthogonalement par rapport à un plan défini par celle-ci, et se situe de préférence à l'une des extrémités du bras d'actionnement 8. Par conséquent, comme cela est le mieux visible sur la figure 3, le doigt 8b est orthogonal au plan dans lequel se trouve la ligne L. A titre indicatif, la rainure 22 est soit réalisée traversante de part en part sur la plaque 24, soit débouchant uniquement au niveau d'une seule des deux surfaces de cette dernière.This finger 8b thus crosses the groove 22, being arranged orthogonally with respect to a plane defined by it, and is preferably located at one end. the ends of the actuating arm 8. Therefore, as is best seen on the figure 3 the finger 8b is orthogonal to the plane in which the line L is located. By way of indication, the groove 22 is either made through right through on the plate 24 or opens out only at one of the two surfaces of this plate. last.

Par ailleurs, les moyens de transmission 14 sont ici formés par un câble 26 ou similaire dont l'une des extrémités 14a est montée de façon pivotante sur le doigt 8b, et dont l'autre extrémité (non référencée) porte l'extrémité 14b des moyens 14, qui est en appui contre l'extrémité mobile du ressort 12. Par ailleurs, les moyens 14 comprennent également de préférence au moins un galet 28 (visible sur la figure 4a) judicieusement positionné de manière à permettre au câble 26 d'être en permanence maintenu en tension sous l'effet du ressort 12. La présence de ce/ces galets 28, qui n'est pas forcement nécessaire pour assurer la mise en tension permanente du câble 26, permet globalement de guider celui-ci de façon à ce que le ressort et le moteur utilisés soient les plus petits possibles, pour la réalisation d'un appareillage électrique donné.Furthermore, the transmission means 14 are here formed by a cable 26 or the like whose one end 14a is pivotally mounted on the finger 8b, and the other end (not referenced) carries the end 14b of the means 14, which bears against the movable end of the spring 12. Moreover, the means 14 also preferably comprise at least one roller 28 (visible on the figure 4a ) judiciously positioned to allow the cable 26 to be permanently maintained in tension under the effect of the spring 12. The presence of the / these rollers 28, which is not necessarily necessary to ensure the permanent tensioning of the cable 26, generally allows to guide it so that the spring and the motor used are the smallest possible for the realization of a given electrical equipment.

D'autre part, une particularité de ce premier mode de réalisation préféré est que le dispositif 1 comporte des leviers de commande pilotés par le moteur 10 et destinés à entrer au contact du doigt 8b, afin d'être en mesure de le déplacer des points P2 à P3, et des points P3 à P1.On the other hand, a feature of this first preferred embodiment is that the device 1 comprises control levers controlled by the motor 10 and intended to come into contact with the finger 8b, in order to be able to move the points P2 to P3, and points P3 to P1.

En effet, le dispositif 1 comporte un premier levier de commande 30 piloté par le moteur 10 et capable d'être en mis en rotation autour d'un axe 32 parallèle au doigt 8b, à l'aide d'un système d'engrenage (non représenté) le liant à une sortie du moteur. Comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement, ce premier levier 30 est destiné à assurer la phase de réarmement du ressort 12.Indeed, the device 1 comprises a first control lever 30 driven by the motor 10 and capable of being rotated about an axis 32 parallel to the finger 8b, with the aid of a gear system (not shown) linking it to an output of the motor. As will be described later, this first lever 30 is intended to ensure the resetting phase of the spring 12.

De la même manière, le dispositif 1 comporte un second levier de commande 34 piloté par le moteur 10 et capable d'être en mis en rotation autour d'un axe 36 parallèle au doigt 8b, à l'aide d'un système d'engrenage (non représenté) le liant à la sortie du moteur. Comme cela sera décrit également ultérieurement, ce second levier 34 est destiné à assurer la phase de fermeture du contact mobile.In the same way, the device 1 comprises a second control lever 34 driven by the motor 10 and capable of being rotated about an axis 36 parallel to the finger 8b, with the aid of a control system. gear (not shown) the binder at the output of the engine. As will be described also later, this second lever 34 is intended to ensure the closing phase of the movable contact.

Ainsi, on peut comprendre que cette solution permet de mettre simultanément en mouvement les deux leviers 30, 34, durant les phases de réarmement du ressort mécanique et de fermeture du contact mobile. Les leviers 30, 34 sont donc en mesure d'effectuer des mouvements synchrones leur assurant des positions correctes lors de chaque cycle de fonctionnement. Néanmoins, il est noté qu'il pourrait être utilisé des moyens d'entraînement assurant l'asynchronisme entre les mouvements des leviers 30 et 34.Thus, it can be understood that this solution makes it possible to simultaneously move the two levers 30, 34 during the resetting phases of the mechanical spring and closing the movable contact. The levers 30, 34 are therefore able to perform synchronous movements assuring them correct positions during each operating cycle. Nevertheless, it is noted that it could be used training means ensuring the asynchronism between the movements of the levers 30 and 34.

En référence plus spécifiquement à la figure 4a, on peut voir que la première portion de la ligne L située entre les points P1 et P2 est rectiligne, et de préférence parallèle à la direction 6a.With reference more specifically to the figure 4a it can be seen that the first portion of the line L situated between the points P1 and P2 is rectilinear, and preferably parallel to the direction 6a.

De plus, les deux autres portions situées respectivement entre P2 et P3 et entre P3 et P1 sont préférentiellement de forme convexe, et peuvent chacune constituer un arc de cercle.In addition, the two other portions situated respectively between P2 and P3 and between P3 and P1 are preferably of convex shape, and may each constitute an arc of a circle.

Lorsque le doigt 8b se situe en P1 tel que cela est montré sur la figure 4a, le bras d'actionnement 8 se trouve en position de fermeture, dans laquelle il est parallèle à la direction 6a. Par ailleurs, on peut également voir que le bras d'actionnement 8, le câble 26 et l'axe 38 du ressort mécanique 12 sont alignés selon une direction définie par les points P1 et P2. Par conséquent, durant toute la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile assurée par la libération d'énergie du ressort 12, l'alignement précité est conservé, ce qui permet en particulier d'atteindre les vitesses requises avec une force de ressort minimale. Dans ce cas préféré mais non limitatif visible sur les figures 4a à 4d, le galet 28 est quasiment sans effet durant la phase d'ouverture, étant donné que les deux brins de câble s'étendant de part et d'autre de celui-ci restent sensiblement alignés. De façon alternative mais non représentée, pouvant par exemple être mise en oeuvre lorsque l'axe 38 du ressort 12 n'est pas aligné avec la direction définie par P1 et P2, l'alignement susvisé pourrait alors ne concerner que le bras d'actionnement 8 et la partie du câble 26 située entre l'extrémité 14a et le galet 28, de préférence toujours selon cette direction définie par P1 et P2.When the finger 8b is in P1 as shown on the figure 4a , the actuating arm 8 is in the closed position, in which it is parallel to the direction 6a. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the actuating arm 8, the cable 26 and the axis 38 of the mechanical spring 12 are aligned in a direction defined by the points P1 and P2. Therefore, throughout the opening phase of the movable contact provided by the release of energy from the spring 12, the aforementioned alignment is retained, which allows in particular to achieve the required speeds with a minimum spring force. In this preferred but non-limiting case visible on the Figures 4a to 4d , the roller 28 is virtually ineffective during the opening phase, since the two strands of cable extending on either side of it remain substantially aligned. Alternatively but not shown, which may for example be implemented when the axis 38 of the spring 12 is not aligned with the direction defined by P1 and P2, the aforementioned alignment could then concern only the actuating arm 8 and the portion of the cable 26 located between the end 14a and the roller 28, preferably always in this direction defined by P1 and P2.

La figure 4b montre le dispositif de commande 1 lorsque la phase d'ouverture est achevée, c'est-à-dire lorsque le bras 8 a atteint sa position d'ouverture dans laquelle son doigt 8b occupe le point P2 de la ligne fermée L prenant grossièrement la forme d'un triangle. On peut voir qu'à la fin de cette phase, le bras d'actionnement 8, le câble 26 et l'axe 38 du ressort mécanique 12 sont toujours alignés selon la direction définie par les points P1 et P2.The figure 4b shows the control device 1 when the opening phase is completed, that is to say when the arm 8 has reached its open position in which its finger 8b occupies the point P2 of the closed line L roughly taking the shape of a triangle. It can be seen that at the end of this phase, the actuating arm 8, the cable 26 and the axis 38 of the mechanical spring 12 are always aligned in the direction defined by the points P1 and P2.

Ensuite, directement après l'achèvement de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, il est initié une phase de réarmement du ressort 12 ayant préalablement été libéré d'au moins une partie de son énergie. Cette phase de réarmement est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une mise en marche du moteur 10, conduisant à faire pivoter le premier levier de commande 30 afin qu'il entre au contact du doigt 8b, et qu'il pousse ce dernier jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne le point P3 de la ligne L en coulissant dans la rainure 22. Une fois la phase de réarmement achevée, les leviers 30, 34 sont ramenés à leur position d'origine, tel que cela est montré sur la figure 4c. Sur cette même figure, on peut apercevoir que le ressort 12 a effectivement été recomprimé, et que le premier point de raccordement 8a n'a pas été déplacé par rapport à sa position occupée lorsque le bras 8 reposait dans sa position d'ouverture montrée sur la figure 4b. Cela permet bien entendu de conserver le contact mobile en position ouverte durant toute la phase de réarmement du ressort.Then, immediately after the completion of the opening phase of the movable contact, it is initiated a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously been released from at least a portion of its energy. This resetting phase is performed by means of a starting of the motor 10, leading to pivoting the first control lever 30 so that it comes into contact with the finger 8b, and that it pushes the latter until it reaches the point P3 of the line L by sliding in the groove 22. Once the rearming phase is completed, the levers 30, 34 are returned to their original position, as shown in FIG. figure 4c . In this same figure, it can be seen that the spring 12 has indeed been recompressed, and that the first connection point 8a has not been moved relative to its occupied position when the arm 8 rested in its open position shown on the figure 4b . This of course makes it possible to keep the moving contact in the open position during the entire resetting phase of the spring.

Lorsque postérieurement à cette phase de réarmement, l'appareillage reçoit un ordre de fermeture, il est alors initié une phase de fermeture du contact mobile, cette phase étant réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une mise en marche du moteur 10, conduisant à faire pivoter le second levier de commande 34 afin qu'il entre au contact du doigt 8b situé en P3, et qu'il pousse ce dernier jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne le point P1 de la ligne L en coulissant dans la rainure 22, comme cela est montré sur la figure 4d. Ici encore, lorsque la phase de fermeture est achevée, les leviers 30, 34, destinés à être en mouvement parallèlement à la plaque 24 et au plan de la ligne fermée L, sont ramenés à leur position d'origine tel que cela est montré sur la figure 4a. Sur cette même figure, on peut apercevoir que le ressort 12 est resté dans un même état de compression que celui adopté en fin de phase de réarmement, montré sur la figure 4c.When, after this reset phase, the apparatus receives a closing command, it is then initiated a closing phase of the moving contact, this phase being performed by means of a start of the motor 10, leading to rotate the second control lever 34 so that it comes into contact with the finger 8b located at P3, and that it pushes the latter until it reaches the point P1 of the line L by sliding in the groove 22, as shown in FIG. figure 4d . Here again, when the closing phase is completed, the levers 30, 34, intended to be moving parallel to the plate 24 and the plane of the closed line L, are returned to their original position as shown on the figure 4a . In this same figure, it can be seen that the spring 12 has remained in the same state of compression as that adopted at the end of the rearming phase, shown on FIG. figure 4c .

En référence à présent à la figure 5, on peut apercevoir un dispositif de commande 1 selon une seconde alternative du premier mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, cette figure 5 montrant le bras d'actionnement 8 dans sa position de fermeture, après que le second levier de commande 34 piloté par le moteur (non représenté) ait amené par contact le doigt 8b au point P1 de la ligne fermée L, suivant la rainure 22.Referring now to the figure 5 it is possible to see a control device 1 according to a second alternative of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, this figure 5 showing the actuating arm 8 in its closed position, after the second control lever 34 driven by the motor (not shown) has brought the finger 8b into contact with the point P1 of the closed line L, along the groove 22.

Dans cette seconde alternative, outre le fait que les moyens de transmission 14 représentés comprennent un deuxième galet 28 rapproché de P1 et assurant également la mise en tension du câble 26, on peut voir que la première portion de la ligne L entre les points P1 et P2 prend ici la forme d'une portion au moins partiellement concave. Effectivement, celle-ci débute à partir de P1 par une zone sensiblement rectiligne, puis se poursuit par une zone concave jusqu'au point P2. La zone rectiligne est préférentiellement alignée avec le bras 8 situé dans sa position de fermeture, comme le montre la figure 5. De plus, le second galet 28 est placé de manière à assurer la colinéarité entre la zone rectiligne et la partie du câble 26 située entre l'extrémité 14a et ce second galet 28, durant la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile. De cette manière, au début de la phase d'ouverture, ce galet 28 permet avantageusement de maintenir la partie du câble 26 reliée au doigt 8b parallèle à la trajectoire de ce même doigt. Les vitesses de déplacement requises pour le contact mobile sont par conséquent facilement atteintes.In this second alternative, in addition to the fact that the transmission means 14 shown comprise a second roller 28 close to P1 and also ensuring the tensioning of the cable 26, it can be seen that the first portion of the line L between the points P1 and P2 here takes the form of an at least partially concave portion. Indeed, this one starts from P1 by a substantially rectilinear zone, then continues with a concave zone up to P2. The rectilinear zone is preferably aligned with the arm 8 situated in its closed position, as shown in FIG. figure 5 . In addition, the second roller 28 is placed so as to ensure collinearity between the rectilinear zone and the portion of the cable 26 located between the end 14a and the second roller 28, during the opening phase of the movable contact. In this way, at the beginning of the opening phase, this roller 28 advantageously keeps the portion of the cable 26 connected to the finger 8b parallel to the path of the same finger. The travel speeds required for the moving contact are therefore easily achieved.

L'autre galet 28 montré sur la figure 5 et plus proche du ressort 12 permet quant à lui d'assurer une orientation correcte du câble 26 durant la phase de réarmement du ressort 12.The other roller 28 shown on the figure 5 and closer to the spring 12 allows for it to ensure correct orientation of the cable 26 during the resetting phase of the spring 12.

Les autres éléments du dispositif de commande 1 sont identiques ou similaires à ceux présentés dans le cadre de la première alternative décrite ci-dessus.The other elements of the control device 1 are identical or similar to those presented in the context of the first alternative described above.

A ce titre, il est rappelé que dans cette alternative, le doigt 8b est guidé tout le long de la ligne L dans un chemin défini structurellement par la rainure 22. Or si il est effectivement envisagé que le chemin puisse être intégralement défini matériellement sur un corps fixe, on peut alternativement envisager, comme cela a été évoqué précédemment, que ce chemin soit en partie défini autrement que structurellement sur le corps fixe. Pour ce faire, au niveau des portions du chemin non-définies structurellement, le doigts 8b est par exemple guidé le long du chemin du fait de la position spécifique des moyens de transmission et des poulies ou galets associés.As such, it is recalled that in this alternative, the finger 8b is guided all along the line L in a path defined structurally by the groove 22. Or if it is actually envisaged that the path can be fully physically defined on a fixed body, one can alternatively consider, as has been mentioned previously, that this path is partly defined differently than structurally on the fixed body. To do this, at the non-structurally defined portions of the path, the fingers 8b is for example guided along the path because of the specific position of the transmission means and the associated pulleys or rollers.

A titre d'exemple indicatif, dans la portion du chemin définie ci-dessus et dite « zone rectiligne », c'est-à-dire celle située entre le point P1 et le second galet 28, il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir de rainure étant donné que la trajectoire du doigt 8b est imposée par la conception et le positionnement spécifiques des moyens de transmission et du second galet 28. On peut donc faire en sorte d'interrompre la rainure 22 dans la portion susvisée, ce qui permet en outre avantageusement de ne pas rencontrer de frottement du doigt 8b dans la rainure à ce moment particulier du cycle où la vitesse de déplacement du contact mobile est plus que primordiale. Dans un tel cas, le doigt 8b sort donc de la rainure en arrivant à P1, et la réintègre après avoir passé le second galet 28.As an indicative example, in the portion of the path defined above and called "rectilinear zone", that is to say that between the point P1 and the second roller 28, it is not necessary to provide groove since the trajectory of the finger 8b is imposed by the specific design and positioning of the transmission means and the second roller 28. It is therefore possible to make sure to interrupt the groove 22 in the aforementioned portion, which allows in furthermore advantageously not to encounter friction of the finger 8b in the groove at this particular moment in the cycle when the moving speed of the moving contact is more than paramount. In such a case, the finger 8b therefore leaves the groove arriving at P1, and re-enters after passing the second roller 28.

Il est noté qu'une autre interruption de la rainure 22 pourrait également être réalisée entre les points P2 et P3, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is noted that another interruption of the groove 22 could also be made between the points P2 and P3, without departing from the scope of the invention.

En référence à présent aux figures 6a et 6b, on peut apercevoir un dispositif de commande 1 selon une première alternative d'un second mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, toutes les deux montrant le bras d'actionnement 8 dans sa position de fermeture.Referring now to Figures 6a and 6b it is possible to see a control device 1 according to a first alternative of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, both showing the actuating arm 8 in its closed position.

Globalement, dans ce premier mode de réalisation préféré, l'une des particularités réside dans le fait qu'il est prévu un système d'engrenages capable d'assurer le déplacement du second point de raccordement 8b du bras d'actionnement 8 le long de la ligne fermée L (non montrée sur les figures 6a et 6b), de sorte qu'il n'est alors plus nécessaire de prévoir de chemin défini structurellement sur une plaque fixe comme cela était le cas pour le premier mode de réalisation préféré.Overall, in this first preferred embodiment, one of the peculiarities lies in the fact that there is provided a gear system capable of ensuring the displacement of the second connection point 8b of the actuating arm 8 along the closed line L (not shown on Figures 6a and 6b ), so that it is no longer necessary to provide a path defined structurally on a fixed plate as was the case for the first preferred embodiment.

En effet, il est mis en oeuvre une couronne intérieure fixe 42 de rayon R1 et d'axe central 44, ainsi qu'un satellite 46 de rayon R2 engrenant extérieurement avec cette couronne 42, et étant agencé selon un axe central 48 parallèle à l'axe 44. Par ailleurs, le système d'engrenages comporte également un porte-satellite 50 disposant d'un arbre rotatif 52 agencé selon l'axe central 44, ainsi que d'un arbre 54 portant de façon librement rotative le satellite 46. Naturellement, cet arbre 54 est agencé selon l'axe 48.Indeed, it is implemented a fixed inner ring 42 of radius R1 and central axis 44, and a satellite 46 of radius R2 meshing externally with the ring 42, and being arranged along a central axis 48 parallel to the Axis 44. Furthermore, the gear system also comprises a planet carrier 50 having a rotary shaft 52 arranged along the central axis 44, as well as a shaft 54 freely rotating the satellite 46. Naturally, this shaft 54 is arranged along the axis 48.

Ainsi, il est alors prévu que le second point de raccordement 8b soit constitué par un doigt monté de façon rotative sur le satellite 46, ce doigt 8b disposant d'un axe central 56 parallèle à l'axe 48 et espacé de celui-ci d'une distance d1.Thus, it is then expected that the second connection point 8b is constituted by a finger rotatably mounted on the satellite 46, the finger 8b having a central axis 56 parallel to the axis 48 and spaced therefrom. a distance d1.

Comme cela est le mieux visible sur la figure 6b, le doigt 8b est monté sur l'un des flancs du satellite 46, orthogonalement à celui-ci, et bien entendu de façon excentrée. De cette manière, on peut comprendre que la ligne fermée L définie par le doigt 8b lors d'une mise en mouvement du système d'engrenages, prend la forme d'une courbe hypocycloïde définie par le système d'équations suivantes, définies en fonction d'un paramètre « t » : x t = R 1 - R 2 . cos t + d 1. cos - 1 + R 1 / R 2 t

Figure imgb0001
y t = R 1 - R 2 . sin t - d 1. sin - 1 + R 1 / R 2 t
Figure imgb0002
As is best seen on the figure 6b the finger 8b is mounted on one of the flanks of the satellite 46, orthogonally thereto, and of course eccentrically. In this way, it can be understood that the closed line L defined by the finger 8b during a setting in motion of the system of gears, takes the form of a hypocycloid curve defined by the system of following equations, defined according to a parameter "t": x t = R 1 - R 2 . cos t + d 1. cos - 1 + R 1 / R 2 t
Figure imgb0001
there t = R 1 - R 2 . sin t - d 1. sin - 1 + R 1 / R 2 t
Figure imgb0002

Les moyens de transmission 14 sont ici aussi formés par un câble 26, maintenu en tension durant toutes les phases du cycle de fonctionnement, et au moins un galet 28. L'extrémité 14a du câble 26 est montée de façon rotative sur le satellite 46, de manière à pouvoir pivoter par rapport à celui-ci autour d'un axe de rotation 58 parallèle à l'axe central 48 du satellite 46, et espacé de cet axe d'une distance d2. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 6b, dans cette première alternative du second mode de réalisation où les deux axes 56 et 58 sont confondus, impliquant notamment que la distance d1 est égale à la distance d2, l'extrémité 14a peut être montée de façon rotative sur le doigt 8b, entre le satellite 46 et le bras d'actionnement 8.The transmission means 14 are here also formed by a cable 26, maintained in tension during all the phases of the operating cycle, and at least one roller 28. The end 14a of the cable 26 is rotatably mounted on the satellite 46, so as to be pivotable relative thereto about an axis of rotation 58 parallel to the central axis 48 of the satellite 46, and spaced from this axis by a distance d2. As can be seen on the figure 6b in this first alternative of the second embodiment in which the two axes 56 and 58 coincide, implying in particular that the distance d1 is equal to the distance d2, the end 14a can be rotatably mounted on the finger 8b, between the satellite 46 and the actuating arm 8.

L'autre extrémité (non référencée) du câble 26 porte l'extrémité 14b des moyens 14 en appui contre l'extrémité mobile du ressort 12, ce dernier étant toujours maintenu à l'autre de ses extrémités par l'élément fixe 16. Néanmoins, il serait possible d'utiliser d'autres moyens de transmission connus de l'homme du métier, comme par exemple du type lanière, sangle, courroie crantée, assemblage de bielles articulées, ruban, corde, faisceau de fibres, etc.The other end (not referenced) of the cable 26 carries the end 14b of the means 14 bearing against the movable end of the spring 12, the latter being always maintained at the other end thereof by the fixed element 16. Nevertheless, it would be possible to use other transmission means known to those skilled in the art, such as for example strap type, strap, toothed belt, assembly of articulated rods, tape, rope, fiber bundle, etc.

Dans cette configuration, les paramètres R1, R2, d1 et d2 sont préférentiellement fixés de manière à remplir la condition suivante : R 1 = 3. R 2 = 9. d 1 = 9. d 2

Figure imgb0003
In this configuration, the parameters R1, R2, d1 and d2 are preferably fixed so as to fulfill the following condition: R 1 = 3. R 2 = 9. d 1 = 9. d 2
Figure imgb0003

Néanmoins, le rapport d1/R2 est préférentiellement compris entre 0,3 et 0,4.Nevertheless, the ratio d1 / R2 is preferably between 0.3 and 0.4.

Cela permet de donner à la ligne fermée L suivie par le doigts 8b et son axe 56, une forme grossière de triangle équilatéral aux sommets arrondis et aux côtés légèrement bombés, de forme convexe, comme cela est visible sur la figure 7. Sur cette même figure, on peut également voir que les points P1, P2 et P3 sont respectivement situés au niveau des trois sommets précités.This makes it possible to give to the closed line L followed by the fingers 8b and its axis 56, a coarse form of equilateral triangle with rounded tops and slightly convex sides, of convex shape, as can be seen in FIG. figure 7 . In this same figure, it can also be seen that the points P1, P2 and P3 are respectively located at the three aforementioned vertices.

D'autre part, plus particulièrement en référence aux figures 6a et 6b, une autre particularité de ce second mode de réalisation préféré est que le système d'engrenages comporte préférentiellement une roue dentée 60 entraînée par le moteur 10 et montée de façon librement rotative sur l'arbre rotatif 52. Cette roue 60 est destinée à être couplée mécaniquement au porte-satellite 50 de manière à autoriser une libre rotation de celui-ci autour de son arbre 52 lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, et de manière à entraîner en rotation avec elle ce même porte-satellite 50 lors des phases de réarmement du ressort et de fermeture du contact mobile.On the other hand, more particularly with reference to Figures 6a and 6b another feature of this second preferred embodiment is that the gear system preferably comprises a gear 60 driven by the motor 10 and mounted freely rotatably on the rotary shaft 52. This wheel 60 is intended to be coupled mechanically to the carrier-satellite 50 so as to allow free rotation thereof around its shaft 52 during the opening phase of the movable contact, and so as to rotate with it the same carrier-satellite 50 during the phases of resetting the spring and closing the movable contact.

Pour ce faire, on peut prévoir que le couplage mécanique s'effectue par l'intermédiaire d'une rainure circulaire 62 pratiquée dans la roue 60, cette rainure étant centrée sur l'axe 44 et réalisée seulement sur un secteur angulaire donné de cette roue.To do this, it can be provided that the mechanical coupling is effected by means of a circular groove 62 formed in the wheel 60, this groove being centered on the axis 44 and made only on a given angular sector of this wheel.

Comme on peut l'apercevoir sur la figure 6b, la rainure 62 est traversée par l'arbre 54 du porte-satellite, ce qui implique que la roue 60 est de préférence positionnée parallèlement entre le satellite 46 et un bras 64 du porte-satellite 50 reliant solidairement les deux arbres 52, 54 de ce dernier.As can be seen on the figure 6b , the groove 62 is traversed by the shaft 54 of the carrier, which implies that the wheel 60 is preferably positioned parallel between the satellite 46 and an arm 64 of the planet carrier 50 integrally connecting the two shafts 52, 54 of this last.

D'autres couplages, mécaniques ou non, peuvent naturellement se substituer à celui qui vient d'être décrit, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Other couplings, mechanical or otherwise, can naturally replace the one just described, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Lorsque le doigt 8b se situe en P1 tel que cela est montré sur la figure 6a, le bras d'actionnement 8 se trouve donc en position de fermeture, dans laquelle il est parallèle à la direction 6a de sortie linéaire du dispositif de commande 1. Par ailleurs, on peut également voir que les axes 44, 48, 56, 58 sont naturellement parallèles, et situés dans un même plan diamétral de la couronne 42. Néanmoins, il est noté que cette spécificité n'est pas nécessaire, et que dans cette configuration où le bras 8 occupe sa position de fermeture, l'axe 58 des moyens de transmission 14 pourrait bien évidemment être situé en dehors du plan défini par les axes 44, 48 et 56 du porte-satellite 50 et du doigt 8b.When the finger 8b is in P1 as shown on the figure 6a the actuating arm 8 is thus in the closed position, in which it is parallel to the linear output direction 6a of the control device 1. Moreover, it can also be seen that the axes 44, 48, 56, 58 are naturally parallel, and located in the same diametral plane of the crown 42. Nevertheless, it is noted that this specificity is not necessary, and that in this configuration where the arm 8 occupies its closed position, the axis 58 of the transmission means 14 could of course be located outside the plane defined by the axes 44, 48 and 56 of the planet carrier 50 and the finger 8b.

Lorsque l'appareillage reçoit un ordre d'ouverture du contact mobile, ce dernier est libéré par ses moyens de blocage associés, et la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile peut alors être assurée par la libération d'énergie du ressort 12.When the apparatus receives an order to open the movable contact, the latter is released by its associated blocking means, and the opening phase of the movable contact can then be ensured by the release of energy from the spring 12.

Durant cette phase d'ouverture, la libération d'énergie par le ressort 12 provoque une mise en mouvement de l'extrémité 14b des moyens de transmission 14, qui entraîne avec elle le câble 26 ainsi que le doigt 8b et l'arbre 54 qui coulisse librement dans la rainure circulaire 62. Il est noté que la roue 60 reste immobile, puisque cette phase n'implique pas de mise en marche du moteur 10. A titre indicatif, il est précisé que le doigt 8b occupant le point P1 se trouve logé à proximité mais en dehors de l'une des deux extrémités de la rainure 62, tandis que le doigt 8b occupant le point P2 se trouve logé à proximité de l'autre des deux extrémités de cette rainure, toujours en dehors de celle-ci.During this opening phase, the release of energy by the spring 12 causes a movement of the end 14b of the transmission means 14, which carries with it the cable 26 as well as the finger 8b and the shaft 54 which slides freely in the circular groove 62. It is noted that the wheel 60 remains stationary, since this phase does not involve starting the engine 10. As an indication, it is specified that the finger 8b occupying the point P1 is located housed nearby but outside one of the two ends of the groove 62, while the finger 8b occupying the point P2 is located near the other of the two ends of this groove, still outside thereof .

Comme le montre la figure 7a, durant la phase d'ouverture, le satellite 46 pivote autour de son axe central 48 en engrenant avec la couronne 42, tandis que le porte-satellite 50 pivote autour de l'axe 44, ce qui entraîne un mouvement du bras 8 qui se déplace vers sa position d'ouverture montrée sur la figure 7b, dans laquelle le doigt 8b est situé en P2. Pendant cette phase d'ouverture, l'arbre 54 se déplace donc librement au sein de la rainure 62 maintenue fixement, ce déplacement s'effectuant d'une extrémité à l'autre de la rainure 62.As shown in figure 7a during the opening phase, the satellite 46 pivots around its central axis 48 by meshing with the ring gear 42, while the planet carrier 50 pivots around the axis 44, which causes a movement of the arm 8 which moves to its open position shown on the figure 7b in which the finger 8b is located at P2. During this opening phase, the shaft 54 thus moves freely within the groove 62 held firmly, this movement being effected from one end to the other of the groove 62.

Ensuite, directement après l'achèvement de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile, il est initié une phase de réarmement du ressort 12 ayant préalablement libéré au moins en partie son énergie, comme le montre sa longueur représentée sur la figure 7b. Cette phase de réarmement est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une mise en marche du moteur 10, conduisant à faire pivoter la roue 60 afin que l'une des extrémités de sa rainure circulaire 62 entre au contact de l'arbre 54, et pousse ce dernier jusqu'à ce que le doigt 8b atteigne le point P3 de la ligne fermée L. Comme cela ressort clairement des figures, l'extrémité concernée est non pas celle occupée par le l'arbre 54 en fin de phase d'ouverture, mais celle opposée occupée par ce même arbre 54 lorsque le bras 8 occupe sa position de fermeture.Then, directly after the completion of the opening phase of the movable contact, it is initiated a resetting phase of the spring 12 having previously released at least partly its energy, as shown by its length shown on the figure 7b . This rearming phase is performed by by means of a start of the motor 10, causing the wheel 60 to pivot so that one end of its circular groove 62 comes into contact with the shaft 54, and pushes the latter 54 the finger 8b reaches the point P3 of the closed line L. As is clear from the figures, the end concerned is not that occupied by the shaft 54 at the end of the opening phase, but the opposite one occupied by the same shaft 54 when the arm 8 is in its closed position.

Comme le montre la figure 7c, une fois la phase de réarmement achevée, le ressort 12 a effectivement été comprimé, et le premier point de raccordement 8a n'a pas été déplacé par rapport à sa position occupée lorsque le bras 8 reposait dans sa position d'ouverture montrée sur la figure 7b. Cela permet bien entendu de conserver le contact mobile en position ouverte durant toute la phase de réarmement du ressort.As shown in Figure 7c once the resetting phase has been completed, the spring 12 has indeed been compressed, and the first connection point 8a has not been moved relative to its occupied position when the arm 8 is in its open position shown on the figure 7b . This of course makes it possible to keep the moving contact in the open position during the entire resetting phase of the spring.

Lorsque postérieurement à cette phase de réarmement, l'appareillage reçoit un ordre de fermeture, il est alors initié une phase de fermeture du contact mobile, cette phase étant réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une mise en marche du moteur 10, conduisant à nouveau à faire pivoter la roue 60 de sorte que l'extrémité de sa rainure 62 qui est au contact de l'arbre 54 pousse une nouvelle fois ce dernier jusqu'à ce que le doigt 8b atteigne le point P1, comme cela est montré sur la figure 6a. Sur cette même figure, on peut apercevoir que le ressort 12 est resté dans un même état de compression que celui adopté en fin de phase de réarmement, montré sur la figure 7c représentant le bras d'actionnement 8 en position réarmée.When, after this reset phase, the apparatus receives a closing command, a closing phase of the moving contact is initiated, this phase being carried out by means of a start-up of the motor 10, again leading to to rotate the wheel 60 so that the end of its groove 62 which is in contact with the shaft 54 pushes the latter again until the finger 8b reaches the point P1, as shown on the figure 6a . In this same figure, it can be seen that the spring 12 has remained in the same state of compression as that adopted at the end of the rearming phase, shown on the Figure 7c representing the actuating arm 8 in the reset position.

Dans un mode de fonctionnement normal, c'est-à-dire dans lequel tous les éléments du système sont en état de fonctionner, la roue 60 est mise en rotation par le moteur 10 en même temps que l'ordre d'ouverture est donné. Ainsi, l'énergie cinétique acquise par la roue 60 est réutilisée pour le début de l'opération de réarmement. Cependant, la mise en mouvement de la roue 60 ne participe pas, ou seulement de façon peu significative, au déplacement de l'axe 54 durant la phase d'ouverture, de sorte qu'il est effectivement possible de considérer que le doigt 8b est déplacé durant cette même phase uniquement sous la seule action de ressort, et non pas également indirectement par la mise en mouvement de la roue 60.In a normal operating mode, that is to say in which all the elements of the system are in working order, the wheel 60 is rotated by the motor 10 at the same time as the opening order is given . Thus, the kinetic energy acquired by the wheel 60 is reused for the start of the reset operation. However, the setting in motion of the wheel 60 does not participate, or only insignificantly, in the displacement of the axis 54 during the opening phase, so that it is indeed possible to consider that the finger 8b is moved during this same phase only under the action of spring, and not also indirectly by the setting in motion of the wheel 60.

Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, le moteur peut cependant être mis à profit au début de la phase d'ouverture, en complément de l'action du ressort 12, afin de satisfaire à certaines applications requérrant un temps de réaction exceptionnellement court de l'appareillage électrique. La non utilisation du moteur dans un tel contexte conduit à retrouver un temps de réaction normal.Without departing from the scope of the invention, the motor can however be used at the beginning of the opening phase, in addition to the action of the spring 12, to satisfy certain applications requiring an exceptionally short reaction time of electrical equipment. The non-use of the engine in such a context leads to finding a normal reaction time.

Toujours sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, le moteur peut être mis à profit pour asservir la position, la vitesse ou l'accélération du contact mobile pendant la phase de fermeture, asservir la position, la vitesse ou l'accélération du contact mobile pendant la phase d'ouverture, et/ou garantir que le réarmement du ressort soit effectué dans un laps de temps défini.Still without departing from the scope of the invention, the motor can be used to enslave the position, the speed or the acceleration of the moving contact during the closing phase, to slave the position, the speed or the acceleration of the moving contact. during the opening phase, and / or ensure that the spring is reset within a defined period of time.

Dans un mode de fonctionnement dégradé, dans lequel le servomoteur 10 n'est pas en état de fonctionner, la roue 60 n'est alors pas mise en mouvement. L'opération d'ouverture se déroule tout de même comme décrit ci-dessus, sans être suivie de la phase de réarmement. Cela procure un intérêt particulier dans le domaine de la sûreté de fonctionnement, dans la mesure où une ouverture peut en effet être effectuée même en cas de défaillance des auxiliaires électriques de l'appareillage.In a degraded operating mode, in which the servomotor 10 is not in a state of operation, the wheel 60 is then not set in motion. The opening operation still proceeds as described above, without being followed by the reset phase. This is of particular interest in the field of dependability, insofar as an opening can indeed be performed even in the event of failure of the electrical auxiliaries of the apparatus.

En référence à présent aux figures 8a et 8b, on peut apercevoir un dispositif de commande 1 selon une seconde alternative du second mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, ces figures montrant le bras d'actionnement 8 dans sa position de fermeture.Referring now to figures 8a and 8b it is possible to see a control device 1 according to a second alternative of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, these figures showing the actuating arm 8 in its closed position.

Dans cette seconde alternative, on peut voir deux différences essentielles avec la première alternative, la première résidant dans le fait que l'axe de rotation 58 des moyens de transmission 14 et l'axe central 56 du doigt 8b ne sont plus confondus, mais distincts l'un de l'autre. Ainsi, l'extrémité 14a n'est plus montée de façon pivotante sur le doigt 8b, mais sur un doigt 70 rapporté de manière librement rotative sur un flanc du satellite 46, comme cela reste également le cas pour le doigt 8b, à un emplacement différent de ce même satellite et de préférence à une distance différente du centre de ce dernier.In this second alternative, one can see two essential differences with the first alternative, the first residing in the fact that the axis of rotation 58 of the transmission means 14 and the central axis 56 of the finger 8b are no longer confused, but distinct one of the other. Thus, the end 14a is no longer pivotally mounted on the finger 8b, but on a finger 70 rotatably attached to a flank of the satellite 46, as is also the case for the finger 8b, at a location different from the same satellite and preferably at a different distance from the center of the latter.

Par ailleurs, l'autre différence est qu'en position d'ouverture, le point de raccordement 8a du bras 8 se trouve situé en dessous du doigt 8b, de sorte que la position initiale de ce bras 8 est inversée par rapport à celle rencontrée dans la première alternative. Plus précisément, en position d'ouverture, le point de raccordement 8a du bras 8 se trouve situé en dessous de la portion de la ligne fermée joignant les points P1 et P2, comme le montrent les figures 8a et 8b.Moreover, the other difference is that in the open position, the connection point 8a of the arm 8 is located below the finger 8b, so that the initial position of this arm 8 is reversed compared to that encountered in the first alternative. More specifically, in the open position, the connection point 8a of the arm 8 is located below the portion of the closed line joining the points P1 and P2, as shown by the figures 8a and 8b .

Lorsque le doigt 8b se situe en P1 tel que cela est montré sur la figure 8a, le bras d'actionnement 8 se trouve situé parallèlement à la direction 6a de sortie linéaire du dispositif de commande 1. Par ailleurs, on peut également voir que les quatre axes 44, 48, 56, 58 sont non seulement distincts et parallèles, mais aussi situés dans un même plan diamétral de la couronne 42. Néanmoins, il est noté que cette spécificité n'est pas nécessaire, et que dans cette configuration où le bras 8 occupe sa position de fermeture, les axes 56 et 58 pourraient bien évidemment être situés en dehors du plan défini par les axes 44 et 48 du porte-satellite 50.When the finger 8b is in P1 as shown on the figure 8a , the actuating arm 8 is located parallel to the linear output direction 6a of the control device 1. Moreover, it can also be seen that the four axes 44, 48, 56, 58 are not only distinct and parallel, but also located in the same diametral plane of the crown 42. Nevertheless, it is noted that this specificity is not necessary, and that in this configuration where the arm 8 occupies its closed position, the axes 56 and 58 could obviously be located outside the plane defined by the axes 44 and 48 of the planet carrier 50.

Dans cette configuration, les paramètres R1, R2, d1 et d2 sont préférentiellement fixés de manière à remplir les conditions suivantes : R 1 = 3. R 2 = 3. d 1

Figure imgb0004
R 1 = 3. R 2 = 9. d 2
Figure imgb0005
In this configuration, the parameters R1, R2, d1 and d2 are preferably set so as to fulfill the following conditions: R 1 = 3. R 2 = 3. d 1
Figure imgb0004
R 1 = 3. R 2 = 9. d 2
Figure imgb0005

Cela permet de donner à la ligne fermée L suivie par le doigt 8b et son axe 56 une forme grossière de triangle équilatéral dont les sommets sont constitués par les points P1, P2 et P3, et dont les côtés sont légèrement bombés, de forme concave, comme cela est visible sur la figure 9.This makes it possible to give the closed line L followed by the finger 8b and its axis 56 a coarse equilateral triangle whose vertices are formed by the points P1, P2 and P3, and whose sides are slightly curved, of concave shape, as is visible on the figure 9 .

Cela permet également de donner à la ligne fermée L' suivie par le doigt 70 et son axe 58 correspondant à l'axe de rotation des moyens de transmission 14 (non représentés sur la figure 9), une forme grossière de triangle équilatéral aux sommets arrondis et aux côtés légèrement bombés, de forme convexe, comme cela est aussi visible sur la figure 9.This also makes it possible to give the closed line L 'followed by the finger 70 and its axis 58 corresponding to the axis of rotation of the transmission means 14 (not shown in FIG. figure 9 ), a coarse form of equilateral triangle with rounded tops and slightly convex sides, convex shape, as is also visible on the figure 9 .

Les autres éléments du dispositif de commande 1 sont identiques ou similaires à ceux présentés dans le cadre de la première alternative décrite ci-dessus.The other elements of the control device 1 are identical or similar to those presented in the context of the first alternative described above.

Pour ce second mode, il est également possible de prévoir des moyens de transmission 14 comportant un galet 28 supplémentaire, comme cela est montré sur la figure 10. Ce nouveau galet 28, s'ajoutant à celui déjà décrit, se situe globalement entre les points P1 et P2 de la ligne fermée L, à proximité de P1. De cette manière, au début de la phase d'ouverture, ce nouveau galet 28 permet avantageusement de maintenir la partie du câble 26 située entre le doigt 8b et ce même galet 28 sensiblement parallèle à la trajectoire de ce même doigt 8b. La transmission des efforts fournis par le ressort 12 au doigt 8b durant le début de la phase d'ouverture est donc fortement optimisée.For this second mode, it is also possible to provide transmission means 14 comprising an additional roller 28, as shown in FIG. figure 10 . This new roller 28, adding to that already described, is located generally between the points P1 and P2 of the closed line L, near P1. In this way, at the beginning of the opening phase, this new roller 28 advantageously allows to maintain the portion of the cable 26 located between the finger 8b and the same roller 28 substantially parallel to the path of the same finger 8b. The transmission of the forces provided by the spring 12 to the finger 8b during the beginning of the opening phase is therefore highly optimized.

En référence à présent aux figures 11a à 11c, il est montré une forme préférée de réalisation de moyens permettant d'emmagasiner/de stocker de l'énergie en excès se dégageant lors de la phase d'ouverture du contact mobile sous l'effet du ressort mécanique, ces moyens étant conçus pour transférer l'énergie en excès emmagasinée vers le ressort mécanique, lors de la phase de réarmement de ce dernier. Naturellement, ce type de moyens décrits pour le second mode de réalisation préféré pourrait aussi s'appliquer pour le premier mode de réalisation préféré.Referring now to Figures 11a to 11c , it is shown a preferred embodiment of means for storing / storing excess energy emerging during the opening phase of the movable contact under the effect of the mechanical spring, these means being designed to transfer the excess energy stored towards the mechanical spring, during the resetting phase of the latter. Naturally, this type of means described for the second preferred embodiment could also apply for the first preferred embodiment.

On peut apercevoir que les moyens de récupération d'énergie sont basés sur un volant d'inertie, prenant ici la forme d'une « croix de Malte » 80 qui peut tourner librement autour d'un axe de rotation 81. Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, l'inertie de la croix de Malte peut être complétée par son couplage à un autre volant d'inertie non représenté et tournant autour du même axe de rotation 81, ou éventuellement autour d'un autre axe.It can be seen that the energy recovery means are based on a flywheel, here taking the form of a "Maltese cross" 80 which can rotate freely about an axis of rotation 81. Without leaving the frame of the invention, the inertia of the Maltese cross can be completed by its coupling to another flywheel not shown and rotating about the same axis of rotation 81, or possibly around another axis.

Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, la croix de Malte 80 est dotée d'un nombre entier de rainures 82, orientées radialement et suffisamment larges pour permettre, avec le minimum de frottement et de préférence sans choc, la pénétration d'un doigt de transfert 83. Dans un premier exemple de réalisation, le doigt de transfert 83 décrit une trajectoire liée au point de raccordement 8b du bras d'actionnement. Pour un second exemple de réalisation, le doigt de transfert 83 est un axe cylindrique fixé orthogonalement sur le satellite 46, à une distance adaptée de son centre 48. La trajectoire 84 du doigt de transfert 83 au voisinage de la croix de Malte 80 est de forme convexe, comme cela est représenté en pointillés sur les figures 11a à 11c. L'axe de rotation 81 et le diamètre de la croix de Malte 80 sont conçus pour que le doigt de transfert 83 pénètre et quitte la rainure 82 préférentiellement de façon tangentielle aux parois de la rainure concernée. De plus, la croix de Malte 80 est associée à un dispositif d'indexation angulaire (non représenté) assurant le positionnement correct d'une rainure 82 lors de l'entrée en contact du doigt de transfert 83.In a preferred embodiment, the Maltese cross 80 is provided with an integer number of grooves 82, oriented radially and sufficiently wide to allow, with the minimum of friction and preferably without shock, the penetration of a transfer finger 83. In a first exemplary embodiment, the transfer finger 83 describes a path linked to the connection point 8b of the actuating arm. For a second exemplary embodiment, the transfer finger 83 is a cylindrical axis orthogonally fixed on the satellite 46, at a distance adapted from its center 48. The trajectory 84 of the transfer finger 83 in the vicinity of the Maltese cross 80 is of convex shape, as shown in dashed lines on the Figures 11a to 11c . The axis of rotation 81 and the diameter of the Maltese cross 80 are designed so that the transfer finger 83 penetrates and leaves the groove 82 preferably tangentially to the walls of the groove in question. In addition, the Maltese cross 80 is associated with an angular indexing device (not shown) ensuring the correct positioning of a groove 82 when the transfer finger 83 comes into contact.

En fin de phase d'ouverture, avant que la position d'ouverture du contact mobile ne soit atteinte, le doigt de transfert 83 pénètre dans la rainure 82 comme montré sur la figure 11a et initie la mise en rotation de la croix de Malte 80, et, par voie de conséquence, l'emmagasinage par cette croix de l'énergie cinétique en excès, c'est-à-dire celle non directement utilisée pour assurer le déplacement du contact mobile vers sa position ouverte. Alors que le doigt de transfert 83 est encore engagé dans la rainure 82 comme visible sur la figure 11b, la croix de Malte 80 atteint sa vitesse maximale de rotation. A partir de cet instant correspondant également à la fin de la phase d'ouverture et au début de la phase de réarmement, elle restitue, du fait de sa vitesse importante en sortie de la phase d'ouverture, son énergie cinétique au ressort 12 via le doigt de transfert 83 et les moyens de transmission 14. Le transfert d'énergie vers le ressort en phase de réarmement est terminé lorsque le doigt 83 quitte la rainure 82, tel que montré sur la figure 11c. La vitesse de rotation de la croix de Malte 80 est alors nulle, et une nouvelle rainure 82 est en position correcte pour accueillir à nouveau le doigt 83 et assurer un prochain transfert d'énergie, lors du cycle de fonctionnement suivant.At the end of the opening phase, before the opening position of the movable contact is reached, the transfer finger 83 enters the groove 82 as shown in FIG. figure 11a and initiates the rotation of the Maltese cross 80, and, consequently, the storage by this cross of excess kinetic energy, that is to say that not directly used to ensure the displacement of the movable contact to its open position. While the transfer finger 83 is still engaged in the groove 82 as visible on the figure 11b , the Maltese cross 80 reaches its maximum speed of rotation. From this moment also corresponding to the end of the opening phase and the beginning of the reset phase, it restores, because of its high speed at the exit of the opening phase, its kinetic energy to the spring 12 via the transfer finger 83 and the transmission means 14. The energy transfer to the spring in rearming phase is completed when the finger 83 leaves the groove 82, as shown on the figure 11c . The rotational speed of the Maltese cross 80 is then zero, and a new groove 82 is in the correct position to accommodate the finger 83 and ensure a next energy transfer during the next operating cycle.

A titre d'exemple indicatif, le dispositif de commande 1 pourrait être conçu de manière à ce que au moins certains de ses éléments soient repris de manière symétrique par rapport à un plan parallèle à celui dans lequel le doigt 8b se déplace.As an indicative example, the control device 1 could be designed so that at least some of its elements are taken symmetrically with respect to a plane parallel to that in which the finger 8b moves.

Claims (50)

  1. A control device (1) for controlling electrical switchgear including a moving contact that is suitable for occupying a closed position and an open position, said control device being designed to move said moving contact and comprising a motor (10), a mechanical spring (12) and an actuating arm (8) having a first connection point (8a) and a second connection point (8b), said control device being characterized in that said actuating arm (8) is suitable for occupying a closure position making it possible to place the moving contact in its closed position and in which the second connection point (8b) is situated at a point P1, an opening position making it possible to place the moving contact in its open position and in which the second connection point (8b) is situated at a point P2 that is distinct from P1, and a re-cocked position in which the second connection point (8b) is situated at a point P3 that is distinct from P2 and P1, said control device being designed so that said second connection point (8b) can be moved successively along a closed line (L) including said points P1, P2, and P3:
    - during an opening stage for opening the moving contact, under the effect of said mechanical spring (12), from point P1 to point P2;
    - during a re-cocking stage for re-cocking the mechanical spring (12), under the effect of the motor (10) being switched on, and while keeping the moving contact in the open position, from point P2 to point P3; and
    - during a closure stage for closing the moving contact, also under the effect of the motor (10) being switched on, from point P3 to P1.
  2. A control device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed so that, during said closure stage for closing the moving contact, resulting in said second connection point (8b) being moved from point P3 to point P1, the energy stored in the mechanical spring (12) does not vary.
  3. A control device (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that said closed line (L) has a shape that is roughly a triangle.
  4. A control device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that closed line (L) has a shape that is roughly a triangle, the points P1, P2, P3 constituting the vertices of said triangle.
  5. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it is designed so that said opening stage for opening the moving contact, resulting in said second connection point (8b) being moved from point P1 to point P2, is performed under the effect of the mechanical spring (12) only, or is performed in a manner such that the motor (10) assists said mechanical spring (12).
  6. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it is designed so as to deliver a linear or rotary output movement to the moving contact.
  7. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said motor (10) is a servomotor.
  8. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the position of the moving contact is servo-controlled during said closure stage, relative to a setpoint that is in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  9. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the speed of the moving contact is servo-controlled during said closure stage, relative to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  10. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the acceleration of the moving contact is servo-controlled during the closure stage, relative to a setpoint in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  11. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises means making it possible to accumulate the energy that is given off during said opening stage for opening the moving contact under the effect of the mechanical spring (12), said means being designed to transfer said accumulated energy to said mechanical spring (12), during said re-cocking stage for re-cocking said spring.
  12. A control device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said means making it possible to store the surplus energy comprise a flywheel capable of being caused to turn under the action of a moving part, the flywheel being such as a Maltese cross (80).
  13. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said second connection point (8b) of the actuating arm (8) is constituted by a finger guided along a path defined at least in part physically on a stationary body, and following said closed line (L).
  14. A control device (1) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said second connection point (8b) of the actuating arm (8) is constituted by a finger guided in a groove (22) extending along said closed line (L) and provided in a stationary body (24).
  15. A control device (1) according to claim 13 or claim 14, characterized in that it further comprises transmission means (14) interposed between said mechanical spring (12) and said actuating arm (8), said transmission means (14) being connected pivotally to said finger (8b).
  16. A control device (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that said transmission means (14) are in the form of a chain or a cable that is kept under tension continuously while the actuating arm is being put in motion.
  17. A control device (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that said transmission mean (14) are in the form of a chain or a cable that is kept under tension continuously via at least one wheel while the actuating arm is being put in motion.
  18. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that said portion of the closed line (L) which is defined between the points P1 and P2 is rectilinear at least in part.
  19. A control device (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that said portion of the closed line (L) which is defined between the points P1 and P2 is rectilinear.
  20. A control device (1) according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that it is designed so that when the second connection point (8b) is situated at point P1, the actuating arm (8), the transmission means (14) and an axis (38) of said mechanical spring (12) are aligned.
  21. A control device (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that it is designed so that when the second connection point (8b) is situated at point P1, the actuating arm (8), the transmission means (14) and the axis (38) of said mechanical spring (12) are aligned in a direction defined by the points P1 and P2.
  22. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that said portion of the closed line (L) which is defined between the points P1 and P2 is a portion that is concave in shape, at least in part.
  23. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that said portion of the closed line (L) which is defined between the points P1 and P2 is a portion that is convex in shape, at least in part.
  24. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that the two portions of the closed line (L) that are defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and between the points P3 and P1 are portions that are convex in shape, at least in part.
  25. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that the two portions of the closed line (L) that are defined respectively between the points P2 and P3, and between the points P3 and P1 are portions that are concave in shape, at least in part.
  26. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 25, characterized in that it further comprises a first control lever (30) driven by said motor (10) in a manner such that it is capable of bringing said finger (8b) from point P2 to point P3 by being in contact with said finger.
  27. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 26, characterized in that it further comprises a second control lever (34) driven by said motor (10) in a manner such that it is capable of bringing said finger (8b) from said point P3 to point P1 by being in contact with said finger.
  28. A control device (1) according to claims 26 and 27 in combination, characterized in that it is designed so that said first and second control levers (30, 34) are put in motion simultaneously by said motor (10), during the re-cocking phase for re-cocking the mechanical spring and during the closure stage for closing the moving contact.
  29. A control device (1) according to claims 26 and 27 in combination, characterized in that it is designed so that said first and second control levers (30, 34) are put in motion independently by said motor (10), respectively during the re-cocking stage for re-cocking the mechanical spring and during the closure stage for closing the moving contact.
  30. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it further comprises a gear system provided with a stationary inner ring (42) of radius R1, with a planet wheel (46) of radius R2 that meshes externally with said ring, and with a planet wheel holder (50) having a rotary shaft (52) arranged on a central axis (44) of said inner ring (42), said second connection point (8b) of the actuating arm (8) being constituted by a finger that is rotatably mounted on said planet wheel (46), said planet wheel having a central axis (48) that is parallel to a central axis (56) of the finger and that is spaced apart therefrom by a distance d1.
  31. A control device (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that it further comprises transmission means (14) interposed between said mechanical spring (12) and said actuating arm (8), said transmission means being connected pivotally to said planet wheel (46) so as to be capable of pivoting relative thereto about a pivot axis (58) that is parallel to the central axis (48) of the planet wheel (46) and that is spaced apart therefrom by a distance d2.
  32. A control device (1) according to claim 31, characterized in that said transmission means (14) are in the form of a chain or a cable that is kept under tension continuously while the actuating arm (8) is being put in motion.
  33. A control device (1) according to claim 32, characterized in that said transmission means (14) are in the form of a chain or of a cable that is kept under tension continuously via at least one wheel while the actuating arm (8) is being put in motion.
  34. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that the parameters R1 and R2 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following condition: 5 > R 1 / R 2 > 1
    Figure imgb0016
  35. A control device (1) according to claim 34, characterized in that the parameters R1 and R2 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following condition: R 1 / R 2 = 3
    Figure imgb0017
  36. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 31 to 35, characterized in that said pivot axis (58) of the transmission means (14) and said central axis (56) of the finger (8b) coincide, implying that the parameters d1 and d2 are equal.
  37. A control device (1) according to claim 36, characterized in that the parameters R1, R2 and d1 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following condition: 2 > d 1 / R 2 > 0.2
    Figure imgb0018
  38. A control device (1) according to claim 37, characterized in that the parameters R1, R2 and d1 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following condition: R 1 / R 2 = 3
    Figure imgb0019
    d 1 / R 2 = 1 / 3
    Figure imgb0020
  39. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 31 to 35, characterized in that said pivot axis (58) of the transmission means (14) and said central axis (56) of the finger (8b) are distinct.
  40. A control device (1) according to claim 39, characterized in that the parameters R1, R2, d1, and d2 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following conditions: 2 > d 1 / R 2 > 0.2
    Figure imgb0021
    2 > d 2 / R 2 > 0.2
    Figure imgb0022
  41. A control device (1) according to claim 40, characterized in that the parameters R1, R2, d1, and d2 are set in a manner such that they satisfy the following conditions: R 1 / R 2 = 3
    Figure imgb0023
    d 1 / R 2 = 1
    Figure imgb0024
    d 2 / R 2 = 1 / 3
    Figure imgb0025
  42. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 41, characterized in that said gear system is further provided with a toothed wheel (60) driven by said motor (10) and rotatably mounted on said rotary shaft (52) of the planet wheel holder (50), said toothed wheel being coupled mechanically to said planet wheel holder so as to allow said planet wheel holder to turn freely about its shaft during the opening stage for opening the moving contact during which said finger (8b) is moved from point P1 to point P2 under the effect of the mechanical spring (12), and so as to entrain said planet wheel holder (50) in rotation with it during the re-cocking stage for re-cocking the spring and during the closure stage for closing the moving contact, during which stages the finger (8b) is moved respectively from point P2 to point P3 and from point P3 to P1, under the effect of the motor (10) being switched on, thereby causing said toothed wheel (60) to turn.
  43. A control device (1) according to claim 42, characterized in that said toothed wheel (60) is coupled mechanically to said planet wheel holder (50) via a circular groove (62) provided over an angular sector of said toothed wheel, and passing a shaft (54) of the planet wheel holder, which shaft carries said planet wheel (46) in freely rotatable manner and is arranged on the central axis (48) of said planet wheel.
  44. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 43, characterized in that the motor (10) is designed to assist the spring (12) during the opening stage.
  45. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 44, characterized in that the motor (10) is designed to assist the spring (12) during a portion only of the opening stage.
  46. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 45, characterized in that the motor (10) is designed to assist the spring (12) and makes it possible, during the opening stage, to servo-control the position of the moving contact relative to a setpoint that is in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  47. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 46, characterized in that the motor (10) is designed to assist the spring (12) and makes it possible, during the opening stage, to servo-control the speed of the moving contact relative to a setpoint that is in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  48. A control device (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 47, characterized in that the motor (10) is designed to assist the spring (12) and makes it possible, during the opening stage, to servo-control the acceleration of the moving contact relative to a setpoint that is in the form of a mathematical function of time.
  49. Electrical switchgear having a moving contact suitable for occupying a closed position and an open position, said electrical switchgear being characterized in that it includes a control device according to any preceding claim.
  50. A method of controlling electrical switchgear, said method being characterized in that it is implemented by means of a control device according to any one of claims 1 to 48, said method comprising the following successive steps of :
    - opening of the moving contact, under the effect of said mechanical spring (12), from point P1 to point P2;
    - re-cocking of the mechanical spring (12), under the effect of the motor (10) being switched on, and while keeping the moving contact in the open position, from point P2 to point P3; and
    - closing of the moving contact, also under the effect of the motor (10) being switched on, from point P3 to P1.
EP06126264A 2005-12-20 2006-12-15 Bedieneinrichtung eines elektrischen Schaltgeräts Active EP1801828B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0553967A FR2895140B1 (en) 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1801828A1 EP1801828A1 (en) 2007-06-27
EP1801828B1 true EP1801828B1 (en) 2010-11-03

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US (1) US7880104B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1801828B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5021288B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101278602B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101013633B (en)
AT (1) ATE487226T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602006017958D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2895140B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2907596B1 (en) * 2006-10-18 2009-01-23 Areva T & D Sa DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
FR2990053B1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2015-01-30 Alstom Technology Ltd DEVICE FOR ACTUATING THE CONTACTS OF A CIRCUIT BREAKER COMPRISING A TORSION BAR
CN106415961B (en) 2014-01-21 2018-09-14 三菱电机株式会社 Gas-insulated switchgear device and derailing switch
CN113113243B (en) * 2021-03-01 2023-11-10 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Energy accumulator for multi-mechanical energy storage device of on-load tap-changer and on-load tap-changer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2226450A1 (en) * 1972-05-26 1973-12-06 Siemens Ag DRIVE DEVICE WITH ROTARY SPRING FOR ELECTRIC SWITCHING DEVICES
US4153828A (en) * 1976-07-08 1979-05-08 General Electric Company Stored-energy operating means for an electric circuit breaker
FR2666684B1 (en) * 1990-09-10 1996-08-23 Alsthom Gec CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL.
DE4227953C1 (en) * 1992-08-22 1994-03-17 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Motor drive device for switching devices, in particular for medium-voltage switchgear
US5504289A (en) * 1994-03-30 1996-04-02 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Circuit switching mechanism and charging system therefor
DE19504714B4 (en) * 1995-02-14 2006-08-24 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method and device for monitoring a state variable of a circuit breaker
FR2778492B1 (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-06-23 Alsthom Gec SPRING CONTROL FOR CIRCUIT SWITCH
IT1301872B1 (en) 1998-07-24 2000-07-07 Abb Adda S P A COMMAND AND CONTROL DEVICE FOR HIGH AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHES
JP2002152922A (en) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-24 Toshiba Corp Operating mechanism for switch
FR2835093B1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2004-03-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sa ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS PROVIDED WITH A MOTORIZED CONTROL AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SUCH AN APPARATUS
JP2004047257A (en) 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Insulation switching device
JP3861832B2 (en) * 2003-03-11 2006-12-27 株式会社日立製作所 Switch

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KR20070065832A (en) 2007-06-25
FR2895140B1 (en) 2008-01-18
ATE487226T1 (en) 2010-11-15
US20070137994A1 (en) 2007-06-21
CN101013633B (en) 2011-11-02
JP5021288B2 (en) 2012-09-05
US7880104B2 (en) 2011-02-01
JP2007173241A (en) 2007-07-05
DE602006017958D1 (en) 2010-12-16
FR2895140A1 (en) 2007-06-22
KR101278602B1 (en) 2013-07-05
CN101013633A (en) 2007-08-08
EP1801828A1 (en) 2007-06-27

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