EP1770202A2 - Toile pour machine à papier - Google Patents
Toile pour machine à papier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1770202A2 EP1770202A2 EP20060119218 EP06119218A EP1770202A2 EP 1770202 A2 EP1770202 A2 EP 1770202A2 EP 20060119218 EP20060119218 EP 20060119218 EP 06119218 A EP06119218 A EP 06119218A EP 1770202 A2 EP1770202 A2 EP 1770202A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filler
- covering according
- polymer
- covering
- proportion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/086—Substantially impermeable for transferring fibrous webs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/90—Papermaking press felts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/901—Impermeable belts for extended nip press
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/18—Longitudinally sectional layer of three or more sections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/18—Longitudinally sectional layer of three or more sections
- Y10T428/183—Next to unitary sheet of equal or greater extent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
- Y10T428/24868—Translucent outer layer
- Y10T428/24876—Intermediate layer contains particulate material [e.g., pigment, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3707—Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
- Y10T442/378—Coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded
- Y10T442/3813—Coating or impregnation contains synthetic polymeric material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fabric for a machine for producing a fibrous web, which may be in particular a paper, board or tissue web.
- the covering may therefore be in particular a paper machine clothing.
- press belt base structures are expensive to manufacture.
- these structures usually consist of a woven base structure with a nonwoven fabric which is attached by needling to the base structure.
- the invention has for its object to provide an improved covering of the type mentioned.
- this clothing should be produced in particular in a simpler and more cost-effective manner.
- the fabric has at least partially a planar structure formed by a plurality of polymer-based areas that differ at least partially by a different filler content and / or by a different type of the intended filler.
- the planar structure may in this case comprise at least one polymer layer with structural regions.
- the planar structure preferably comprises a plurality of polymer layers, each comprising structural regions.
- a part of the structural areas may be at least substantially free of filler.
- At least part of the filler contained in the respective structural areas is provided in particle form.
- the filler contained in the respective structural areas may consist in particular of plastic or of natural material.
- the fibrous materials of different types differ advantageously in terms of their hardness and / or in terms of their shape.
- the planar structure is reinforced by the filler at least partially.
- At least one defined property of the planar structure is set via the ratio between the proportion of polymer material and the proportion of filler.
- the ratio between the proportion of polymer material and the proportion of filler can be selected accordingly.
- the property in question is preferably defined by the ratio between the total proportion of the planar structure of polymer material and the total proportion of this planar structure of filler.
- a mechanical property preferably the tensile modulus and / or the flexural modulus of the planar structure or of the covering material, can be defined via the ratio between the proportion of polymer material and the proportion of filler.
- the density of the polymer material varies in the transverse direction.
- the polymer material is applied at least in sections on one side. Conceivable, however, are those embodiments in which the polymer material is applied at least in sections on two sides.
- the polymer material is at least partially applied by extrusion.
- each structural region is preferably in a range of about 0.01 to about 3 mm.
- the width of a respective structural region is suitably in a range of about 0.2 to about 20 mm, and preferably in a range of about 5 to about 10 mm, wherein the width of a respective structural region is preferably about 5 mm.
- one or more non-woven fabric layers may be provided.
- the filler content and / or the nature of the intended filler vary in the transverse direction, i. transverse to the direction of the clothing.
- the filler content and / or the type of filler provided may also vary in the running direction of the clothing.
- At least two polymer layers arranged one above the other are provided with a distribution of the filler constituents or filler types that is comparable in the transverse direction.
- the two polymer layers can be aligned with respect to their distribution of Gustoffanteile or Grepart in the transverse direction with each other or offset in the transverse direction relative to each other.
- the regions of higher filler content alternate with the regions of lower filler fraction or without filler in each case.
- the two polymer layers are offset relative to one another with respect to their distribution of the filler constituents or filler types in the transverse direction about a structural region.
- the two polymer layers are mutually aligned with regard to their distribution of the filler constituents or filler types in the transverse direction.
- an intermediate layer is provided between two polymer layers.
- the relevant intermediate layer may conveniently be a supporting layer or a cushioning or cushioning layer.
- the intermediate layer is woven.
- a polymer layer may in this case form an intermediate layer.
- a polymer layer can form the layer which can be brought into contact with the material web.
- At least two polymer layers or overlapping structural regions arranged one above another and overlapping in sections are provided.
- a defined property transverse profile of the planar structure can be predetermined via correspondingly different filler proportions and / or via correspondingly different filler types.
- the predetermined property transverse profile of the planar structure can in particular be selected such that a specific property transverse profile of the machine used for producing the fibrous web, for example a paper machine, is at least substantially compensated.
- a conventional base fabric of a press belt can be replaced by a flat structure, which is reinforced by the incorporation of, for example, in particle form or fibrous filler present.
- a press belt is subjected to mechanical forces in the strip running direction x, in the transverse direction y, and in the thickness direction z.
- the physical properties of the strip material determine the behavior of the structure in response to the mechanical forces involved. These properties include the tensile modulus and flexural modulus.
- one or more appropriately reinforced polymer layers may be used in combination with one or more nonwoven fabric layers to make, for example, a press belt.
- the ratio between the proportion of polymer material and the proportion of reinforcing material can be used to adjust the final mechanical properties of the structure.
- planar structure according to the invention consists, for example, in the possibility of correspondingly specifying a property profile of the structure in the transverse direction by the use of different filler types and / or different filler proportions or amounts for compensating characteristic cross-sectional profiles inherent in the paper machine.
- planar polymer structure according to the invention for example, at least one load-bearing structure in a papermachine fabric can be replaced in order to improve its properties.
- the respective properties in the machine direction, transverse direction and / or thickness direction can now be precisely controlled or regulated in the desired manner. If necessary, even a criss-cross pattern can be created.
- the use of at least one load-bearing carrier structure will also be expedient. With the solution according to the invention, however, it is also possible in principle to apply the relevant planar structure directly to a fiber fleece, which is conceivable in particular for clothing for narrow, slow machines.
- the clothing With the reduction in the number of load-bearing base fabrics, the clothing becomes more flexible, which is particularly advantageous during installation. It also tends less to a marking of the paper sheet, which is always essential if a certain paper quality is to be ensured.
- the filler may be varied in hardness, density and / or shape to give certain results, for example, such as elasticity, flexibility, ductility or tear resistance.
- Such a variability of the properties produced in the production makes it possible to ensure the desired properties at each clothing point in order to obtain, for example after a respective nip or after a respective transfer point, a good detachment of the fibrous web.
- FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic plan view, a section of a polymer layer 16 of a covering 10, which may in particular be a paper machine covering.
- the fabric 10 has a planar structure 12 which is formed by a plurality of polymer-based regions, which differ in the present embodiment, at least partially by a different filler content.
- a defined filler distribution results in the transverse direction CD of the polymer layer 16, that is to say over the width of the covering 10.
- the structural regions 14 in the sections A each have a larger filler content or a larger filler density
- the regions in the sections B each have a lower filler content or a lower filler density in comparison thereto.
- the planar structure 12 may be applied, for example, on one side or on two sides. It can also be incorporated in the fabric, that is, at least partially lie within the fabric.
- the density of the applied polymer material or the filler content in this polymer material can therefore be controlled or regulated in a controlled manner across the width of the clothing or machine.
- the polymer material may be applied by extrusion, for example. As already mentioned, the material can be applied on one side or on two sides.
- the height or thickness of a respective structural region 14 can be in particular in a range of about 0.01 to about 3 mm and the width of a respective structural region 14 in particular in a range of about 0.2 to about 20 mm and preferably in one Range of about 5 to about 10 mm.
- a preferred width of a respective structural region 14 is about 5 mm.
- the distribution of the filler fraction or the filler density can basically vary in the transverse direction, in the thickness direction and / or in the running direction of the clothing. The same may also apply to the type of filler provided.
- FIG. 2 shows, in a schematic cross-sectional representation, a covering 10 which comprises two polymer layers 16, which are provided in each case with filler in regions.
- Each of these two polymer layers 16 has successively regions 14 ', 14 "with filler or without filler.
- the two polymer layers 16 arranged one above the other have a distribution of filler proportions that is comparable in the transverse direction.
- the two polymer layers 16 are offset relative to one another with respect to this distribution of the filler components in the transverse direction.
- FIG. 3 shows, in a schematic cross-sectional representation, a section of a covering 10 comprising a plurality of polymer layers 16, wherein in the present case an interlayer 18, for example woven, between two such polymer layers 16 is provided.
- a flat structure 12 for example, in a press belt is shown in each case.
- at least one reinforcement base layer for example a woven layer or a nonwoven layer, for example a reinforced membrane, can be replaced by the flat structure according to the invention, which, as already mentioned, can be applied or introduced, for example by extrusion.
- an intermediate layer 18 shown by way of example in FIG. 3 is conceivable not only in the case of a press belt but also, for example, in the case of a transfer belt.
- FIG. 4 shows, in a schematic cross-sectional representation, a detail of a plurality of overlapping polymer layers 16 or a plurality of overlapping structure regions 14 ', 14 "comprising clothing 10.
- the relevant planar structure 12 includes overlapping structure regions 14' Filler and structural areas 14 "without filler.
- Such a construction is particularly suitable for a transfer belt, wherein the upper polymer layer 16 in FIG. 4 forms the paper side of the transfer belt.
- the use of such a structure in a press belt is conceivable.
- Figure 4 also shows how the polymer layers or structural regions 14 ', 14 "may overlap one another to provide the structure with adequate strength before the filler material is added.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510046905 DE102005046905A1 (de) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Papiermaschinenbespannung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1770202A2 true EP1770202A2 (fr) | 2007-04-04 |
EP1770202A3 EP1770202A3 (fr) | 2010-05-26 |
EP1770202B1 EP1770202B1 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
Family
ID=37621995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20060119218 Not-in-force EP1770202B1 (fr) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-08-21 | Toile pour machine à papier |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7638018B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1770202B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE504690T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE102005046905A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2364279T3 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2148002A1 (fr) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | Voith Patent GmbH | Bande sans fin pour le traitement de bandes de matériau formées de manière plane |
CN102652057A (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-08-29 | 德国捷德有限公司 | 数据载体卡和用于制造数据载体卡的方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI20065639L (fi) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-06 | Metso Paper Inc | Paperikoneen tai vastaavan perälaatikon lamelli |
FI121015B (fi) * | 2007-07-05 | 2010-06-15 | Tamfelt Pmc Oy | Kenkäpuristinhihna |
DE102007042201A1 (de) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Band für eine Maschine zur Herstellung von Bahnmaterial, insbesondere Papier oder Karton |
DE102007055801A1 (de) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Band für eine Maschine zur Herstellung von Bahnmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Bands |
DE102007055902A1 (de) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Band für eine Maschine zur Herstellung von Bahnmaterial |
JP6389041B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2018-09-12 | イチカワ株式会社 | 湿紙搬送用ベルト |
JP6389042B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2018-09-12 | イチカワ株式会社 | 湿紙搬送用ベルト |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002029157A1 (fr) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-04-11 | Albany International Corp. | Procede de production d'habillages de machines a papier |
US20020102894A1 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-01 | Hansen Robert A. | Spirally wound shaped yarns for paper machine clothing and industrial belts |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19728399A1 (de) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-07 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Maschine zur Herstellung einer kontinuierlichen Materialbahn |
FI111471B (fi) * | 1999-10-13 | 2003-07-31 | Tamfelt Oyj Abp | Siirtohihna paperikonetta varten |
JP2003049380A (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-21 | Ichikawa Woolen Textile Co Ltd | シュープレス用ベルト |
US7011730B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-03-14 | Albany International Corp. | Structure for process belt |
JP4036765B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-29 | 2008-01-23 | イチカワ株式会社 | 湿紙搬送用ベルト |
JP4041056B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-13 | 2008-01-30 | イチカワ株式会社 | 湿紙搬送用ベルト |
DE102004054804A1 (de) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Papiermaschinenbespannung |
-
2005
- 2005-09-30 DE DE200510046905 patent/DE102005046905A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-08-21 EP EP20060119218 patent/EP1770202B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-08-21 ES ES06119218T patent/ES2364279T3/es active Active
- 2006-08-21 AT AT06119218T patent/ATE504690T1/de active
- 2006-08-21 DE DE200650009241 patent/DE502006009241D1/de active Active
- 2006-09-26 US US11/527,249 patent/US7638018B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002029157A1 (fr) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-04-11 | Albany International Corp. | Procede de production d'habillages de machines a papier |
US20020102894A1 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-01 | Hansen Robert A. | Spirally wound shaped yarns for paper machine clothing and industrial belts |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2148002A1 (fr) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | Voith Patent GmbH | Bande sans fin pour le traitement de bandes de matériau formées de manière plane |
CN102652057A (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-08-29 | 德国捷德有限公司 | 数据载体卡和用于制造数据载体卡的方法 |
CN102652057B (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2015-07-01 | 德国捷德有限公司 | 数据载体卡和用于制造数据载体卡的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502006009241D1 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
US20070077388A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
ES2364279T3 (es) | 2011-08-30 |
EP1770202B1 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
US7638018B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
DE102005046905A1 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
EP1770202A3 (fr) | 2010-05-26 |
ATE504690T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
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RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
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