EP1749299A1 - Dispositif d'enregistrement a barriere thermique poreuse - Google Patents
Dispositif d'enregistrement a barriere thermique poreuseInfo
- Publication number
- EP1749299A1 EP1749299A1 EP05766613A EP05766613A EP1749299A1 EP 1749299 A1 EP1749299 A1 EP 1749299A1 EP 05766613 A EP05766613 A EP 05766613A EP 05766613 A EP05766613 A EP 05766613A EP 1749299 A1 EP1749299 A1 EP 1749299A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pads
- substrate
- recording medium
- recording
- medium according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B9/00—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/12—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/14—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using near-field interactions; Record carriers therefor using microscopic probe means, i.e. recording or reproducing by means directly associated with the tip of a microscopic electrical probe as used in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy [STM] or Atomic Force Microscopy [AFM] for inducing physical or electrical perturbations in a recording medium; Record carriers or media specially adapted for such transducing of information
- G11B9/1463—Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means
- G11B9/1472—Record carriers for recording or reproduction involving the use of microscopic probe means characterised by the form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/74—Record carriers characterised by the form, e.g. sheet shaped to wrap around a drum
- G11B5/743—Patterned record carriers, wherein the magnetic recording layer is patterned into magnetic isolated data islands, e.g. discrete tracks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/74—Record carriers characterised by the form, e.g. sheet shaped to wrap around a drum
- G11B5/82—Disk carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/84—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing record carriers
- G11B5/855—Coating only part of a support with a magnetic layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B9/00—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/06—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using record carriers having variable electrical capacitance; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/061—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B9/00—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/06—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using record carriers having variable electrical capacitance; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/061—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B9/062—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers characterised by the form, e.g. comprising mechanical protection elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B9/00—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/06—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using record carriers having variable electrical capacitance; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/061—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B9/063—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B9/00—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/06—Recording or reproducing using a method not covered by one of the main groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00; Record carriers therefor using record carriers having variable electrical capacitance; Record carriers therefor
- G11B9/061—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B9/063—Record carriers characterised by their structure or form or by the selection of the material; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
- G11B9/065—Additional layers for lubrication, wear protection or elimination of electrostatic charges of the interface between record carrier and head
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B2005/0002—Special dispositions or recording techniques
- G11B2005/0005—Arrangements, methods or circuits
- G11B2005/0021—Thermally assisted recording using an auxiliary energy source for heating the recording layer locally to assist the magnetization reversal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of recording devices or media, as well as their production methods.
- local probe microscopy techniques such as tunnel current microscopy or STM (U.S. Pat. No. 4.343.993), atomic force microscopy AFM
- thermo-mechanical recording described in IBM Journal of Research and Development, May 2000, IBM, USA, Vol. 44 num. 3, 323-340
- phase change material such as Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 for which the phase change takes place between a crystalline state and an amorphous state.
- phase change material such as Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 for which the phase change takes place between a crystalline state and an amorphous state.
- They can also be magnetic, in the case where the heating makes it possible to locally reduce the writing field to values lower than the applied fields. This principle of writing by local heating is confronted with the problems of thermal losses: both lateral and in depth towards the substrate which supports the recording layer.
- Figure 1 gives an example of the rise in temperature, as a function of time, of a heated pad with a given power density for 5 ⁇ s.
- the calculation was carried out by finite elements for three materials, of respective thermal conductivity: lS m ⁇ K “1 (curve 01), 1.48Wm “ 1 K “1 (silica, curve 02), 0. lWm _1 K _1 ( plastic or polymer for example, curve 03).
- lS m ⁇ K “1 curve 01
- 1.48Wm " 1 K “1 silicon, curve 02
- lWm _1 K _1 plastic or polymer for example, curve 03.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of such an embodiment with a substrate 11, recording material 12, thermal insulating material 13 creating side barriers and a thermal insulating material 14, which may be different from the material 13 and ensuring thermal insulation towards the substrate.
- the realization of such a structure, in particular those of side barriers 13 made of a thermal insulating material different from the recording material 12 is technologically difficult.
- the problem concerns the case of thermally assisted recording. But it also relates to the cases of magnetic or electric recordings in which the phenomenon of writing / reading (for example by current flow) can also induce a heating harmful to the good functioning. The problem therefore arises of providing a new recording device or medium assisted thermally or in another way.
- Such a support is preferably compatible with most recording materials (magnetic, phase change, polymers, etc.) and, moreover, easily achievable.
- the invention firstly relates to a recording device comprising: - a substrate made of a material, provided with pads, - a layer of recording material deposited on the top of the pads, - zones of thermal insulation in at least part of the substrate and / or the pads.
- the studs can belong to a layer transferred onto the substrate; the pads and the substrate can also be made from a single material.
- the material can be a semiconductor, for example silicon or germanium (Ge), or germanium silicide (SiGe), or silicon carbide (SiC), or gallium arsenide (GaAs), or indium phosphorus (InP) or gallium (GaP).
- the thermal insulation zones can be porous zones of the semiconductor material.
- the isolation zones can be lateral and / or towards the substrate. Spaces between studs may also include thermally insulating material.
- the recording material is for example a magnetic material, phase change or polymer.
- the thermal insulation zones can have a thermal conductivity of between 20 .m ⁇ .K "1 and 0.01 Wm ⁇ .K " 1 .
- a device or support according to the invention can be used by most of the thermally assisted recording techniques such as those using a hot tip or the near field or far field optical techniques.
- the invention therefore also relates to a recording device comprising a recording medium as described above, and optical heating means. It also relates to a recording device comprising a recording medium. as described above, and having a heating tip.
- the heating tip is for example of the AFM or STM type, with or without contact.
- the device or the support according to the invention is easily produced by standard technologies, of the silicon type and in particular CMOS compatible.
- the invention also relates to a method of producing a recording medium comprising: - producing pads on a substrate made of a material, forming thermal insulation zones in the pads and / or the substrate, forming '' a layer of recording material on the pads.
- the pads can be made in the substrate; the pads can also be made in a layer added to the substrate.
- the material can be semiconductor, for example silicon or germanium (Ge), or germanium silicide (SiGe), or silicon carbide (SiC), or gallium arsenide (GaAs), or indium phosphorus (InP) or gallium (GaP).
- the thermal insulation zones can be obtained by porosification of the semiconductor material, for example by anodic oxidation or by immersion in an acid bath.
- FIG. 1 represents calculation results concerning the temperature rise in 3 materials of different conductivities
- - FIG. 2 represents a known structure of recording
- FIGS. 3A - 3C and 3A '- 3C illustrate various embodiments of the invention
- FIGS. 4A and 4B schematically represent devices for carrying out a method according to the invention.
- This structure comprises a silicon substrate 21, in which studs 27 are etched. The structure is then in one piece.
- the pads have for example a diameter of 90 nm and are arranged in a pitch of 180 nm. To get standard densities
- the pads can be arranged with a pitch of between 20 nm and 50 nm, for example
- Part of the silicon is then made porous, for example by a technique using an electrolytic bath, as described below: • either throughout the height of the pads and in part of the substrate (zone 22a, FIG. 3), • either in the substrate only (zone 22b) keeping the non-porous silicon pads (FIG. 3B), • either in only part of the pads (zone 22c, FIG. 3C), advantageously at the top of the pads.
- a recording material 23 is deposited on the structures thus produced. The air in the spaces 24 between studs can be replaced by a good thermal insulating material.
- porous materials are more electrically insulating than non-porous semiconductors.
- Silicon is compatible with microelectronics technologies and in particular CMOS technologies. It is therefore possible to produce electrical barriers with porous silicon, especially since porous silicon oxidizes much more easily than solid silicon, which further increases the electrical resistivity. This is particularly interesting for writing systems by circulation of an electric current.
- other materials not necessarily semiconductors.
- FIGS. 3A ', 3B' and 3C we can see another embodiment in which a silicon layer 52 in which pads have been produced, is deposited or transferred onto a support 50. This layer 52 can be modified as described above (for example it can be made porous) in relation to FIGS.
- silicon structured media is produced by choosing, for example the doping, depending on what is desired thereafter, a more or less insulating substrate from the thermal point of view.
- These structured substrates can be produced by any method, such as, for example, the use of standard silicon techniques, such as ultra-violet or deep ultraviolet or electronic lithography, followed by etching of the silicon, such as, for example, etching. anisotropic reactive ion (Appl. Phys. Lett.
- the silicon substrate represents the anode of an electrolytic cell containing an HF / ethanol solution provided with a platinum counter electrode (cathode).
- the electrical contact on the silicon substrate is obtained on its rear face thanks to a layer of aluminum previously deposited.
- the support 50 will be chosen as a semiconductor or conductor and, if necessary, a deposit of an additional conductive layer will be made on its rear face.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B represent assemblies of electrolysis cells where either the current (FIG. 4A) or the voltage (FIG. 4B) are controlled.
- FIG. 4A are represented: - the enclosure 31 of the electrolytic cell, - an acid solution 32, - a cathode 33 made of platinum, - a source 34 of current, - electric wires 35 for connection to a layer of aluminum 39, - a sample 36 of silicon, the face of which has the pads is in the solution. a seal 37 insulating the rear face of the substrate 36 with respect to the electrolyte 32.
- a voltage source 40, an electrode 41 and a current controller 42 are added.
- the last step consists of the deposition of the recording material 23 (FIGS. 3A-3C and 3A'-3C) which may be magnetic, or with phase change, or polymer, or the like. This can be deposited on the top of the studs by different techniques such as evaporation, DC or RF spraying, etc., depending on the nature of the material and the deposit desired.
- - the doping (type and level) of the material we will adapt: - the doping (type and level) of the material, - the amplitude of the voltage or current and its mode (continuous or pulsed), - the HF concentration of the electrolyte, - the illumination, or not, of the sample.
- the substrate n structured in studs has been lit rear face.
- the substrate is not illuminated, but electrolysis conditions are chosen such that a depletion of the active chemical species is obtained between the pads.
- the structure is first of all technologically compatible with the silicon and CMOS processes. It is also compatible with most thermally assisted recording materials, such as magnetic, phase change or polymeric materials.
- the stud structure allows, among other things: compatibility with advanced recording techniques, - very high lateral thermal insulation, - a physical separation between bits, resulting in an improved signal-to-noise ratio, - a superparamagnetic limit pushed back in the case of thermomagnetic recording (the volume to be considered is no longer that of a grain of a medium polycrystalline but that of the layer deposited at the top of the studs).
- porous silicon makes it possible: - to go to very low thermal conductivity values, and therefore to very high thermal insulation.
- the thermal conductivity values can range from more than ten .m _1 .K _1 to the values previously given, for example from 20 .m _1 .K _1 to 0.01 .m _1 .K _1 for all of the envisaged materials.
- porous silicon is an electrical insulator and thermal conductivity can only be done by phonons. The difference in crystal arrangement between the recording material and the porous structure hinders the passage of phonons and results in an interface thermal resistance. to obtain strong electrical resistances.
- the surface finish is compatible with deposits in thin layers. The invention therefore relates to a thermally assisted recording device or medium.
- Such a device or support can be used with most recording materials that can be deposited in thin layers as well as with most near-field or traditional reading / writing techniques (optics, hard disks, etc.).
- recording materials 23 such as for example: magnetic materials with parallel or perpendicular magnetization.
- This magnetic medium can be coupled by exchange to an antiferromagnetic or high coercivity material to increase thermal stability, - or phase change materials, - or polymers such as ferroelectric polymers.
- It can also be used with different heating means, such as for example: - optical type means, for example an optical fiber, or a heating tip, for example type of tip STM (tunnel effect microscope) or AFM (atomic force microscope), with or without contact.
- the tip or fiber is positioned above the substrate and is connected to the power supply or an optical source and to means for moving the tip or fiber above the substrate.
- porosification can be obtained by immersion in an acid bath.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
- Recording Or Reproducing By Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0451068A FR2870978B1 (fr) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Dispositif d'enregistrement a barriere thermique poreuse |
PCT/FR2005/050355 WO2005119672A1 (fr) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-05-24 | Dispositif d'enregistrement a barriere thermique poreuse |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1749299A1 true EP1749299A1 (fr) | 2007-02-07 |
Family
ID=34946053
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05766613A Withdrawn EP1749299A1 (fr) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-05-24 | Dispositif d'enregistrement a barriere thermique poreuse |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7729231B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1749299A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2008501206A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2870978B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005119672A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2901909B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-30 | 2008-10-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Memoire de donnees inscriptible et lisible par micropointes, structuree en caissons, et procede de fabrication |
FR2966636B1 (fr) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-12-14 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Element magnetique inscriptible |
US9552832B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-01-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Read-write non-erasable memory with laser recording and method of recording |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07287866A (ja) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-31 | Pioneer Electron Corp | 光記録媒体およびその製造方法 |
JP2000251321A (ja) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 書換型光ディスク |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5932319B2 (ja) * | 1974-03-22 | 1984-08-08 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 記録材料 |
CH643397A5 (de) | 1979-09-20 | 1984-05-30 | Ibm | Raster-tunnelmikroskop. |
US4737934A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1988-04-12 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Data storage device and system having an optically non transmissive chalcogenide layer |
US4724318A (en) | 1985-11-26 | 1988-02-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Atomic force microscope and method for imaging surfaces with atomic resolution |
JPS63266649A (ja) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-11-02 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 光ディスク用Al基板の製造方法 |
JPS644935A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-10 | Toshiba Corp | Information recording medium |
JPS647351A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-11 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Magneto-optical disk substrate |
JPH01189039A (ja) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-07-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光学式情報記録担体 |
JP3130929B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-10 | 2001-01-31 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | 高い記憶密度と直接重ね書きケイパビリティを有する熱磁気記録システム |
JP2926522B2 (ja) * | 1991-05-21 | 1999-07-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 記録媒体及びその製造方法と情報処理装置 |
JPH05282706A (ja) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-10-29 | Canon Inc | 光記録媒体とその製造方法及び光記録媒体用基板 |
US6103590A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2000-08-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | SiC patterning of porous silicon |
JP4145985B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-10 | 2008-09-03 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 情報記録装置 |
FR2802011B1 (fr) | 1999-12-01 | 2002-01-04 | Planhead Silmag P H S | Tete de lecture planaire a element magneto-resistif |
US6650496B2 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2003-11-18 | Phs Mems | Fully integrated matrix magnetic recording head with independent control |
FR2829867B1 (fr) | 2001-09-20 | 2003-12-19 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Memoire magnetique a selection a l'ecriture par inhibition et procede pour son ecriture |
US6771567B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-08-03 | O-Mass As | Dual shield vertical magneto-optical read head |
US6579590B2 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-17 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. | Thermally-assisted magnetic recording disk with multilayered thermal barrier |
EP1381031A1 (fr) | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-14 | O-Mass AS | Matrice des têtes magnétiques d'écriture selon la technique de couches minces |
US7586828B1 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2009-09-08 | Tini Alloy Company | Magnetic data storage system |
-
2004
- 2004-05-28 FR FR0451068A patent/FR2870978B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-05-24 EP EP05766613A patent/EP1749299A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-05-24 JP JP2007514038A patent/JP2008501206A/ja active Pending
- 2005-05-24 US US11/597,626 patent/US7729231B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-24 WO PCT/FR2005/050355 patent/WO2005119672A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07287866A (ja) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-31 | Pioneer Electron Corp | 光記録媒体およびその製造方法 |
JP2000251321A (ja) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 書換型光ディスク |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2005119672A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7729231B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
FR2870978B1 (fr) | 2007-02-02 |
JP2008501206A (ja) | 2008-01-17 |
WO2005119672A1 (fr) | 2005-12-15 |
US20090016207A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
FR2870978A1 (fr) | 2005-12-02 |
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