EP1746010B1 - Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors - Google Patents

Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1746010B1
EP1746010B1 EP06003873A EP06003873A EP1746010B1 EP 1746010 B1 EP1746010 B1 EP 1746010B1 EP 06003873 A EP06003873 A EP 06003873A EP 06003873 A EP06003873 A EP 06003873A EP 1746010 B1 EP1746010 B1 EP 1746010B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
satellite positioning
positioning device
disposition
tracking
goods
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EP06003873A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1746010A3 (en
EP1746010A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Bauschulte
Rainer Wilke
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Railion Deutschland AG
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Railion Deutschland AG
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Application filed by Railion Deutschland AG filed Critical Railion Deutschland AG
Priority to PL06003873T priority Critical patent/PL1746010T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/40—Handling position reports or trackside vehicle data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/04—Satellite based navigation systems, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for autonomous tracking and disposition of freight cars using satellite positioning and sensors. This method is particularly used in railways where goods wagons that transport goods across national borders travel.
  • the satellite positioning device it is possible to track or monitor the transport of freight wagons on routes of the European railways at short notice without incurring assembly work on the vehicle.
  • the satellite tracking device itself is attached to the anti-theft device fixed to the freight car at one of the respective freight wagon design suitable location so that there is a clear view to the sky, and is thus car component.
  • Claims 2 to 21 contain advantageous embodiments of the solution according to the invention.
  • a reference transport plan (RTP) stored in a database describes the entire route of the freight car from the point of departure to the destination and gives the satellite locating device the time / distance information in the form of geo-coordinates (location information), time of the next measurement (time information, as delta between two Measurements, data in minutes), sensor configuration etc. It was previously agreed with the customer individually or corresponds to the regular transport plan of the railways.
  • the satellite positioning device recognizes the start either independently by vibration sensor and / or in connection with leaving the blur area or by the registration of the relevant customer order in the regular order entry systems in the Customer Service Center (KSZ).
  • the alarm triggering can be influenced within wide limits according to the customer's wishes, since the satellite locating device compares in the following measurements whether it reaches the measuring point at the specified time T1 or the time T2 in the direction has left on the target. If the measurement is within the blur range, no message is triggered, thus saving energy and communication costs; the measured data are nevertheless recorded in the internal memory (processor memory unit). Ideally, a single end-of-timetable message will be delivered when arriving at the destination on time, including the full run history of the car with all measurement results. The maximum number of characters that can be transmitted within an SMS (Short Message Service) is always utilized, which in turn saves communication costs (primarily roaming charges abroad).
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • the satellite tracking device for each existing sensor type, the alarm treatment (immediately, later, only load or the like) are assigned individually.
  • the message e.g. An untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is typically always displayed immediately and, with its relevant data, can also be forwarded immediately to a police station.
  • the satellite tracking device Upon arrival at the destination, the satellite tracking device always goes into sleep mode to save energy.
  • the satellite positioning device can additionally or alternatively be configured to perform a localization and to report at fixed time intervals independently of the loading status of the carriage (active mode).
  • an up-to-date location is always available in the database and can either be viewed by the customer on demand via the Internet or for internal purposes such as e.g. Disposition of the empty freight car to be used by the fleet manager.
  • the invention that after arrival at the destination the discharge is monitored (loading period) and the status change loaded / empty is reported. If defined deviations are exceeded (time, location, sensor status), an alarm is triggered.
  • the satellite locating device recognizes independently the need for a status message to minimize telecommunications costs.
  • the control center consists of the communication and application server as well as a database.
  • the software has been developed for the special processes of rail transport (for example, transports from A to B are not necessarily always on the same path) and allows a largely automated monitoring and disposition of the freight wagon fleet.
  • the communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider.
  • the communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS.
  • the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database.
  • the satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.
  • the application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in the appropriate form. It offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information.
  • the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and acquires static data, order data, and external reference schedules from deployed files. Receiving the current location report of a freight car - especially abroad - is of little use, if it is not clear at the same time, where it should be based on the schedule, the classic target / actual comparison on the basis of known timetable data.
  • the principle has been pursued according to the invention, at the source of information generation, the locating device on freight wagons, set to avoid unnecessary energy and, above all, communication costs causing messages.
  • the monitoring of the transport takes place in the terminals themselves, messages only occur if defined deviations from the transport process occur.
  • the software was enabled to learn deviations in the course of transport and in the future to interpret as correct. She is even in a position to set this not only on the relation alone, but also depending on different days of the road.
  • the software recognizes that several freight wagons are merged with the same order ie the same route / destination in a freight train and logically run in satellite tracking device on the freight car each causing the same energy and communication costs activities. In this case, only two satellite tracking devices are activated, and precisely those with the highest energy reserve. This intelligent data management can reduce communication costs by more than 50%.
  • a largely automated DV support provides particularly advantageous for communication and processing of the data.
  • the previously focused on the monitoring of the loaded freight car mode means that after reaching the planned goal of the monitoring order completed and the satellite positioning device is put into sleep mode.
  • the satellite positioning device is caused by configuration to detect the status change of the sensor from loaded to empty.
  • the resulting message causes the disposition module of the control center software to take the freight wagon as reusable into the disposition stock and either during the once-a-day batch run - analogous to the logic of the national Empty wagon management - to link with known needs and deliver them to a new destination abroad or to drive him home empty-handed.
  • Re-loading orders avoid the payment of RIV rent (International Rail Agreement on user charges for the duration of a freight car's stay on the foreign network) while at the same time increasing the productivity of the freight wagon.
  • RIV rent International Rail Agreement on user charges for the duration of a freight car's stay on the foreign network
  • the logistics company offers a Tracking & Tracing Service for customers and a loading space exchange for dispatchers.
  • Authorized customers can access the current location data of all active as well as closed orders via an access portal via the Internet at any time either by specifying the wagon or the associated order number in list form or graphically deposited; if desired also as expression. Visible, however, are only the location information as determined above and agreed with the customer. Should the customer currently wish a location information, he has the instrument of Pollingabfrage available and he has the ability to change the future reporting and working behavior by changing the configuration of the satellite positioning device. Since these actions are costly (communication costs and energy consumption), the inputs are recorded and the operating costs are billed.
  • the location of one or more freight cars can be displayed graphically.
  • the software selects the map section in particular so that all requested carriage locations are visible at the same time.
  • An energy balance calculation of the satellite positioning device is based on the following basic assumption:
  • the satellite positioning device books in particular hourly to query messages in the GSM network, in particular four times a day, i. every 6 hours, its current position and informs it in particular twice daily of the control center.
  • all components are designed to save energy, so that the entire unit - the satellite tracking device - its power supply self-sufficient over a period of at least six years (maintenance cycle of the freight car) ensures without having to approach or replace a charging point, for example, to recharge the battery.
  • the geo-coordinates determined by GPS supplemented with further information, such as the sensors are transmitted via the GSM network or in the absence of network coverage via communication satellites such as e.g. Orbcomm transmitted to the communication server of the control center; in the opposite way, information is sent to the satellite locator, e.g. transmitted to the transport order to trigger the event and interval management in the device according to the invention.
  • communication satellites such as e.g. Orbcomm transmitted to the communication server of the control center; in the opposite way, information is sent to the satellite locator, e.g. transmitted to the transport order to trigger the event and interval management in the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a system consisting of permanently welded to the freight car satellite positioning device 1, with the position determination with Help the GPS, collecting information with additional sensors according to Fig. 2 and enable data transmission with SMS via GSM or alternatively via satellite modem via communication satellites such as Orbcomm to a communication provider 2.
  • the communication provider provides the data transmitted by the satellite positioning device, from where they are transmitted by leased line to the communication server 3.
  • the application server 4 interprets the data transmitted by the communication server into the database management system, assigns them to orders, interprets the positions geographically, alerts employees when intervention needs are needed, and provides geographically prepared protocols.
  • the database management system 5 serves as a common repository for data in the communication server and in the application server.
  • the application server 4 allows the configuration of the satellite positioning devices with order-specific parameters, which are transmitted via the communication server 3 via a leased line to the communications provider 2.
  • the communications provider 2 forwards this configuration message as an SMS to the satellite positioning device 1.
  • the communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider.
  • the communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS.
  • the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database.
  • the satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.
  • the application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in an appropriate form.
  • the application server offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information.
  • the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and acquires static data, order data, and external reference schedules from deployed files.
  • the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device When the freight car leaves the blur area around the dispatch station 7, the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends out a departure message 12.
  • the satellite tracking device of the freight car between the border station 9 and the marshalling yard 10 sends a delay message 13 from.
  • the freight car's satellite tracking device When the freight car reaches the destination station 11, the freight car's satellite tracking device sends a message about the end of the train and, in principle, automatically enters the idle mode
  • the message for example, of an untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is displayed immediately and forwarded with its relevant data to a police station.
  • the load sensor, the door sensors and the shock sensor of the freight car are activated by a message 15 before departure of the freight car.
  • the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends a message about the proper loading and a departure message 16.
  • the freight car's satellite locator emits each registered shock as a burst alarm 17 and each registered door opening as a door-on alarm 18.
  • the sensors are deactivated either automatically (information was contained in the RTP) or wirelessly by means of a message 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using a satellite positioning device (1) firmly mounted at a wagon. Movement tracing and disposition of the wagon are carried out by a control centre, which consists of a communication and application server and a data bank. The entire route of the wagon from the departure location to the destination is specified by a reference transportation plan stored in a data bank. The time/path information in form of geocordinates, time point of measurement and the sensor-configuration are provided to the device. An independent claim is also included for a device for autonomous movement tracing and disposition of wagon by a satellite positioning device fixed at the wagon.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur autonomen Laufverfolgung und Disposition von Güterwagen mittels Satellitenortung und Sensorik. Dieses Verfahren wird insbesondere bei Schienenbahnen angewendet, bei denen Güterwagen verkehren, die Güter über Ländergrenzen hinweg transportieren.The invention relates to a method for autonomous tracking and disposition of freight cars using satellite positioning and sensors. This method is particularly used in railways where goods wagons that transport goods across national borders travel.

Ausgehend von der Erkenntnis, dass ein Logistikunternehmen für Transporte zum/vom europäischen Ausland eine durchgängige Statusinformation seiner Güterwagen durch Datenaustausch (EDI - Electronic Data Interchange) mit den jeweiligen nationalen IT-Systeme nicht erreichen kann, werden eigenständige Lösungen durch Ausrüstung der im Auslandsverkehr eingesetzten Güterwagen mit festmontierten Satellitenortungsgeräten eingesetzt.Based on the realization that a logistics company for transports to / from other European countries can not achieve consistent status information of its freight wagons through data exchange (EDI - Electronic Data Interchange) with the respective national IT systems, independent solutions become available by equipping the freight wagons used in foreign traffic used with fixed satellite tracking devices.

Mit dem Satellitenortungsgerät besteht die Möglichkeit, den Transport von Güterwagen auf Strecken der europäischen Bahnen kurzfristig zu verfolgen bzw. zu überwachen, ohne dass Montageaufwand am Fahrzeug entsteht.With the satellite positioning device, it is possible to track or monitor the transport of freight wagons on routes of the European railways at short notice without incurring assembly work on the vehicle.

Aus DE 198 16 435 C1 ist ein Satellitenortungsgerät bekannt, bei dem insbesondere ein Satelliten-Handy zur Verfolgung und Überwachung von Schienenfahrzeugen ohne Spannungsquelle verwendet wird. Das Satelliten-Handy beinhaltet diverse Sensorik, ein Kommunikationsmodul, einen Stoßmesser, optionale weitere Schnittstellen und einen wiederaufladbaren Hochleistungsakku. Das Satelliten-Handy ist so konzipiert, dass es auf einfache Weise jeweils in der Signalstütze der Güterwagen diebstahlsicher untergebracht wird. Das am Güterwagen fest montierte Satellitenortungsgerät besteht insbesondere aus folgenden Komponenten:

  • stabiles Gehäuse, das dem rauen Eisenbahnbetrieb standhält und mit dem Güterwagen diebstahlsicher fest verbunden ist.
  • GPS (Global Positioning System) und GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)-Antenne,
  • GPS-Empfänger,
  • GSM-Handy-Modul und/oder Modem für Satellitenkommunikation,
  • CPU mit Speicher-Unit,
  • high-capacity-Batterie mit geringer Stromabgabe bzw alternativ
  • Solarpaneel zur Aufladung eines Akkumulators,
  • integrierter Stoßmesser mit einem festem Schwellwert von insbesondere 2,4 g bzw. 23,5 m/s2,
  • Vibrations-/Bewegungssensor,
  • frei konfigurierbare Sensorschnittstellen.
Out DE 198 16 435 C1 a satellite positioning device is known, in particular, a satellite phone is used for tracking and monitoring of rail vehicles without voltage source. The satellite phone includes various sensors, a communication module, a shock meter, optional additional interfaces and a rechargeable high-performance battery. The satellite phone is designed so that it is easily accommodated in the signal support of the freight cars, theft-proof. The permanently mounted on the freight car satellite positioning device consists in particular of the following components:
  • Sturdy housing that withstands the harsh railway operation and is firmly connected to the freight car theft proof.
  • GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) antenna,
  • GPS receiver
  • GSM mobile phone module and / or modem for satellite communication,
  • CPU with memory unit,
  • high-capacity battery with low current output or alternatively
  • Solar panel for charging a rechargeable battery,
  • integrated impact knife with a fixed threshold of in particular 2.4 g or 23.5 m / s 2 ,
  • Vibration / motion sensor,
  • freely configurable sensor interfaces.

Das Satellitenortungsgerät selbst wird zur Diebstahlsicherung fest am Güterwagen angebracht an einer der jeweiligen Güterwagenbauart geeigneten Stelle so, dass freie Sicht zum Himmel besteht, und ist damit Wagenbestandteil.The satellite tracking device itself is attached to the anti-theft device fixed to the freight car at one of the respective freight wagon design suitable location so that there is a clear view to the sky, and is thus car component.

Bei der Vielzahl der zu überwachenden Güterwagen ist jedoch eine manuelle Ausführung der o.g. Überwachungsvorgänge und Tätigkeiten weder ökonomisch sinnvoll noch prozess-funktionssicher leistbar.
Die US2002/0042266 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Statusinformationen von einer mobilen Einheit aus, wobei

  1. a) in der mobilen Einheit ein Vergleich der aktuellen Statusfragen mit den zuletzt gesendeten Statusdaten durchgeführt wird,
  2. b) Rundsende-Statuskriterien aus einer Vielzahl von Einzeldaten festgelegt werden,
  3. c) die aktuellen Statusdaten auf der Basis der Rundsende-Statuskriterien übertragen werden,
  4. d) die Stausinformationen in einem HOST-System empfangen werden,
  5. e) die aktuellen Statusdaten aus der Speicherung auf dem HOST_System abgerufen werden können und
  6. f) die auf den gespeicherten aktuellen Statusdaten basierenden Statusinformationen bereitgestellt werden.
Damit beschreibt die US2002/0042266 A1 ein System und Verfahren zur drahtlosen Fahrzeugortung mittels mobiler Einheiten, wobei die Einheiten sogenannte "All-in-one-Geräte darstellen. Die Intelligenz dieser Einheiten besteht lediglich darin, die Änderung zuvor festgelegter, einprogrammierter Kriterien [z. B. Standort hat sich um eine zuvor festgelegte Strecke (im Sinne von Entfernung, nicht Weg) geändert], Position hat sich geändert, Bewegung hat stattgefunden, Sensorstatus hat sich geändert) zu überwachen. Die eigentliche Intelligenz hat somit das HOST-System, das in Kenntnis dieser programmierten Soll-Kriterien in der Lage ist dem anfragenden Nutzer einen angenommenen Ist-Status bereitzustellen.
Der HOST arbeitet lediglich reaktiv, indem er auf Anfragen von Nutzern antwortet; auf Basis fest programmierter Kriterien. Eine Nutzer-bezogene individuelle Änderung von "zuvor festgelegter Einzelkriterien ..." wird an keiner Stelle beschrieben.With the large number of freight wagons to be monitored, however, manual execution of the above-mentioned monitoring operations and activities is neither economically sensible nor process-functionally reliable.
The US2002 / 0042266 A1 describes a method for providing status information from a mobile unit, wherein
  1. a) in the mobile unit a comparison of the current status questions with the last transmitted status data is performed,
  2. b) broadcasting status criteria are determined from a plurality of individual data,
  3. c) the current status data is transmitted on the basis of the broadcast status criteria,
  4. d) the jam information is received in a HOST system,
  5. e) the current status data can be retrieved from the storage on the HOST_System and
  6. f) the status information based on the stored current status data is provided.
This describes the US2002 / 0042266 A1 a system and method for wireless vehicle location by means of mobile units, which units are so-called "all-in-one devices." The intelligence of these units is merely to change previously defined, programmed criteria [eg previously defined distance (in the sense of distance, not path) changed, position has changed, movement has taken place, sensor status has changed) The actual intelligence thus has the HOST system, which is aware of these programmed target criteria is able to provide the requesting user with an assumed actual status.
HOST works only reactive by responding to requests from users; based on hard-coded criteria. A user-related individual change of "previously defined individual criteria ..." is not described anywhere.

Die US2002/0042266 A1 kennt lediglich geografische Punkte, die jedoch

  • nicht in einer bestimmten Reihenfolge angefahren werden müssen und
  • nicht mit Zeiten versehen sind.
The US2002 / 0042266 A1 only knows geographical points, however
  • not have to be approached in a particular order and
  • not timed.

Aus der WO 02/17184 ist ein System für eine Fernüberwachung, -diagnose und -verfolgung von Straßen-Fahrzeugen bekannt, die über eine Onbord-Einheit und einen Server sowie Satellitenkommunikation erfolgt.From the WO 02/17184 a system for remote monitoring, diagnosis and tracking of road vehicles is known, which takes place via an on-board unit and a server as well as satellite communication.

Das Verfahren weist folgende Nachteile auf:

  • es beschreibt inhaltlich nicht ein Verfahren zur Laufverfolgung, sondern erlaubt eine Fahrzeugüberwachung im Sinne von Ferndiagnose (im ausschließlich technischen Sinne) sowie eine Fahrzeug "Neuprogrammierung" durchzuführen
  • zwingende Voraussetzung ist die Existenz eines BUS-Systems am Fahrzeug
  • das Gesamtsystem bezieht sich ausschließlich auf Straßen-Güterverkehr und
  • hat weitgehend disjunkte Ziele und eine völlig andere Zielgruppe.
Es ist somit Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, mit dem eine automatische Überwachung folgender Punkte gewährleistet wird:
  • Laufüberwachung der Güterwagen samt Zielerkennung,
  • Automatische Ermittlung der Standorte leerer Güterwagen im In- und Ausland,
  • Aktiver Schutz diebstahlgefährdeter Güter im In- und Ausland,
  • Verminderung von Energieverbrauch und Kommunikationskosten.
The method has the following disadvantages:
  • it does not describe the content of a procedure for tracking, but allows a vehicle monitoring in the sense of remote diagnosis (in the purely technical sense) and a vehicle "reprogramming" perform
  • A mandatory requirement is the existence of a BUS system on the vehicle
  • the whole system refers exclusively to road freight traffic and
  • has largely disjoint goals and a completely different audience.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method with which an automatic monitoring of the following points is ensured:
  • Running monitoring of freight wagons including target recognition,
  • Automatic determination of the location of empty goods wagons at home and abroad,
  • Active protection of theft-endangered goods at home and abroad,
  • Reduction of energy consumption and communication costs.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß für das Verfahren durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved for the method by the features specified in claim 1.

Ansprüche 2 bis 21 beinhalten vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung.Claims 2 to 21 contain advantageous embodiments of the solution according to the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß beschreibt ein in einer Datenbank hinterlegter Referenztransportplan (RTP) den gesamten Laufweg des Güterwagens von der Abgangsstelle bis zum Ziel und gibt dem Satellitenortungsgerät die Zeit-/Weginformation in Form von Geokoordinaten (Ortsinformation), Zeitpunkt der nächsten Messung (Zeitinformation, als Delta zwischen zwei Messungen, Angabe in Minuten), Sensorik-Konfiguration etc. vor. Er wurde vorher mit dem Kunden individuell vereinbart oder entspricht dem regulären Transportplan der Eisenbahnen. Das Satellitenortungsgerät erkennt den Start entweder selbständig per Vibrationssensor und/oder in Verbindung mit Verlassen des Unschärfebereiches oder durch die Erfassung des betreffenden Kundenauftrages in den regulären Auftragserfassungssystemen im KundenServiceZentrum (KSZ).According to the invention, a reference transport plan (RTP) stored in a database describes the entire route of the freight car from the point of departure to the destination and gives the satellite locating device the time / distance information in the form of geo-coordinates (location information), time of the next measurement (time information, as delta between two Measurements, data in minutes), sensor configuration etc. It was previously agreed with the customer individually or corresponds to the regular transport plan of the railways. The satellite positioning device recognizes the start either independently by vibration sensor and / or in connection with leaving the blur area or by the registration of the relevant customer order in the regular order entry systems in the Customer Service Center (KSZ).

Durch den individuell festlegbaren Unschärfebereich (Radius in km um den Messpunkt) kann die Alarmauslösung je nach Kundenwunsch in weiten Grenzen beeinflusst werden, da das Satellitenortungsgerät bei den folgenden Messungen vergleicht, ob es zur vorgegeben Zeit T1 den Messpunkt erreicht bzw. zur Zeit T2 in Richtung auf das Ziel verlassen hat. Sofern die Messung innerhalb des Unschärfebereiches liegt, wird keine Meldung ausgelöst und somit Energie und Kommunikationskosten eingespart; die Messdaten werden dennoch im internen Speicher (Processor-Speichereinheit) festgehalten. Im Idealfall wird erst bei pünktlicher Ankunft am Ziel eine einzige Fahrplan-Ende-Meldung abgegeben, die die gesamte Laufhistorie des Wagens mit allen Messergebnissen beinhaltet. Die innerhalb einer SMS (Short Message Service) übermittelbare maximale Anzahl von Zeichen wird stets ausgenutzt und dadurch wiederum Kommunikationskosten (primär die Roaminggebühren im Ausland) eingespart. Ebenso kann dem Satellitenortungsgerät zu jedem vorhandenen Sensoriktyp die Alarmbehandlung (sofort, später, nur Lastlauf o.ä.) individuell beauftragt werden. Die Meldung z.B. einer unzeitigen Türöffnung eines mit Zigaretten beladenen Güterwagens wird typischerweise stets sofort angezeigt und kann mit ihren relevanten Daten auch sofort einer Polizeidienststelle zugeleitet werden.Due to the individually definable blur range (radius in km around the measuring point), the alarm triggering can be influenced within wide limits according to the customer's wishes, since the satellite locating device compares in the following measurements whether it reaches the measuring point at the specified time T1 or the time T2 in the direction has left on the target. If the measurement is within the blur range, no message is triggered, thus saving energy and communication costs; the measured data are nevertheless recorded in the internal memory (processor memory unit). Ideally, a single end-of-timetable message will be delivered when arriving at the destination on time, including the full run history of the car with all measurement results. The maximum number of characters that can be transmitted within an SMS (Short Message Service) is always utilized, which in turn saves communication costs (primarily roaming charges abroad). Likewise, the satellite tracking device for each existing sensor type, the alarm treatment (immediately, later, only load or the like) are assigned individually. The message e.g. An untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is typically always displayed immediately and, with its relevant data, can also be forwarded immediately to a police station.

Nach Ankunft am Ziel wechselt das Satellitenortungsgerät grundsätzlich in den Sleep-Modus, um Energie zu sparen. Das Satellitenortungsgerät kann neben dem vorstehend beschriebenen Transportplan-Modus zusätzlich oder alternativ so konfiguriert werden, in festen Zeitabständen eine Ortung vorzunehmen und zu melden unabhängig vom Ladestatus des Wagens (Aktiv-Modus). Dadurch ist ein stets aktueller Standort in der Datenbank vorhanden und kann entweder vom Kunden auf Wunsch per Internet eingesehen werden oder für interne Zwecke wie z.B. Disposition des leeren Güterwagens durch den Flottenmanager verwendet werden.Upon arrival at the destination, the satellite tracking device always goes into sleep mode to save energy. In addition to the transport plan mode described above, the satellite positioning device can additionally or alternatively be configured to perform a localization and to report at fixed time intervals independently of the loading status of the carriage (active mode). As a result, an up-to-date location is always available in the database and can either be viewed by the customer on demand via the Internet or for internal purposes such as e.g. Disposition of the empty freight car to be used by the fleet manager.

Anders als beim Lkw gibt es im Schienengüterverkehr keinen Fahrer, der Informationen über Leitwege und Zeitvorgaben aktiv umsetzt. Ersatzweise wurde daher erfindungsgemäß eine sich selbst kontrollierende Laufüberwachung implementiert, die - wie der Lkw-Fahrer auch - nur im Abweichungsfall eine kostenträchtige Information auslöst.Unlike lorries, there is no driver in rail freight transport who actively implements information about routes and timelines. As an alternative, therefore, a self-monitoring running monitoring was implemented according to the invention, which - like the truck driver - only triggers cost-intensive information in the event of a deviation.

Vorteilhaft wird somit durch die Erfindung erreicht, dass nach Ankunft am Ziel die Entladung überwacht wird (Ladefrist) und der Statuswechsel beladen/leer gemeldet wird. Bei Überschreitung definierter Abweichungen (Zeit, Ort, Status der Sensorik) wird ein Alarm ausgelöst. Insbesondere erkennt das Satellitenortungsgerät selbständig die Notwendigkeit einer Status-Meldung um Telekommunikationskosten zu minimieren.Advantageously, it is thus achieved by the invention that after arrival at the destination the discharge is monitored (loading period) and the status change loaded / empty is reported. If defined deviations are exceeded (time, location, sensor status), an alarm is triggered. In particular, the satellite locating device recognizes independently the need for a status message to minimize telecommunications costs.

Beginnend mit der Bereitstellung eines leeren Güterwagens zur Beladung wird seine zeitgerechte beladene Übergabe zur Beförderung, die Einhaltung der Ladefrist beim Kunden und die pünktliche Abfahrt des beladenen Güterwagens sowie die nachfolgende Laufüberwachung per Soll-/Ist-Vergleich vom Start bis zum Ziel sichergestellt.Starting with the provision of an empty freight car for loading, its timely loaded delivery for carriage, adherence to the customer's deadline and punctual departure of the loaded freight car and the subsequent run monitoring by target / actual comparison from start to finish guaranteed.

Die intelligente Informationsverarbeitung im Satellitenortungsgerät am Güterwagen wird ergänzt um eine Verarbeitung und Zusammenarbeit mit der Leitstandsoftware, dem eigentlichen Herzstück des Gesamtsystems. Der Leitstand besteht hierbei aus dem Kommunikations- und Applikationsserver sowie einer Datenbank. Die Software ist auf die speziellen Prozessabläufe des Eisenbahntransportes (z.B. dass Transporte von A nach B nicht zwingend stets auf dem gleichen Weg verlaufen) hin entwickelt und erlaubt eine weitestgehend automatisiert ablaufende Überwachung und Disposition der Güterwagenflotte. Dabei ist der Kommunikations-Server die zentrale Schnittstelle zwischen dem Applikations-Server und dem Kommunikationsprovider. Er stellt die eingehenden Nachrichten dem Applikations-Server in einem definierten Format zur Verfügung und wandelt im umgekehrten Weg die Nachrichten des Applikations-Servers in das vom Kommunikationsprovider erwartete Format um. Der Kommunikations-Server stellt die empfangenen SMS dem Applikations-Server als Text zur Verfügung und übergibt die vom Applikations-Server erhaltenen Texte dem Kommunikationsprovider als SMS. Zusätzlich speichert der Kommunikations-Server die ein- und ausgehenden SMS-Nachrichten in der Datenbank. Über den Applikations-Server werden die Satellitenortungsgeräte konfiguriert und verwaltet. Aufgrund der Benutzervorgaben erzeugt der Applikations-Server den Inhalt der Nachrichten an die Satellitenortungsgeräte. Des Weiteren kann der Applikations-Server aufgrund von bereits durchgeführten Transporten Referenz-Transportpläne für weitere Transporte derselben Relation bestimmen.Intelligent information processing in the satellite tracking device on freight wagons is supplemented by processing and cooperation with the control center software, the very heart of the overall system. The control center consists of the communication and application server as well as a database. The software has been developed for the special processes of rail transport (for example, transports from A to B are not necessarily always on the same path) and allows a largely automated monitoring and disposition of the freight wagon fleet. The communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider. The communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS. In addition, the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database. The satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.

Der Applikations-Server stellt die empfangenen Alarme und Nachrichten dem Benutzer in entsprechender Form dar. Er bietet umfangreiche Möglichkeiten, die gespeicherten Informationen auszuwerten. Zusätzlich verwaltet der Applikations-Server die Stammdaten, die Auftragsdaten und die extern und durch den Applikations-Server selbst erzeugten Referenz-Transportpläne und übernimmt statische Daten, Auftragsdaten und externe Referenz-Transportpläne aus bereitgestellten Dateien. Die Entgegennahme der aktuellen Standortmeldung eines Güterwagens - zumal im Ausland - nützt für sich allein betrachtet wenig, wenn nicht gleichzeitig klar ist, wo er sich planmäßig befinden sollte, der klassische Soll-/Ist-Vergleich auf Basis bekannter Fahrplandaten. In Verbindung mit dem stets vorhandenen Zwang zum Energiesparen mangels Stromversorgung wurde erfindungsgemäß konsequent das Prinzip verfolgt, an der Quelle der Informationsentstehung, dem Ortungsgerät am Güterwagen, anzusetzen, um unnötige Energie und vor allem auch Kommunikationskosten verursachende Meldungen zu vermeiden. Die Überwachung des Transportes erfolgt in den Endgeräten selbst, Meldungen entstehen nur, wenn definierte Abweichungen vom Transportverlauf entstehen. Um einer bekannte Eigenart der Eisenbeförderung, ein bestimmtes Ziel nicht immer auf dem gleichen Weg anzufahren, Rechnung zu tragen wurde die Software befähigt, Abweichungen im Transportverlauf zu erlernen und künftig als richtig zu interpretieren. Sie ist dabei sogar in der Lage, dies nicht nur auf die Relation allein, sondern auch in Abhängigkeit zu unterschiedlichen Verkehrstagen zu setzen. Ebenso erkennt die Software, dass mehrere Güterwagen mit dem gleichen Auftrag d.h. gleichem Weg/Ziel in einem Güterzug zusammengeführt sind und logischerweise im Satellitenortungsgerät am Güterwagen die jeweils gleichen Energie- und Kommunikationskosten verursachenden Aktivitäten ablaufen. In diesem Fall werden lediglich zwei Satellitenortungsgeräte aktiviert und zwar genau die mit der höchsten Energiereserve. Durch dieses intelligente Datenmanagement können Kommunikationskosten um über 50 % gesenkt werden.The application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in the appropriate form. It offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information. In addition, the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and acquires static data, order data, and external reference schedules from deployed files. Receiving the current location report of a freight car - especially abroad - is of little use, if it is not clear at the same time, where it should be based on the schedule, the classic target / actual comparison on the basis of known timetable data. In connection with the ever-present compulsion to save energy due to lack of power, the principle has been pursued according to the invention, at the source of information generation, the locating device on freight wagons, set to avoid unnecessary energy and, above all, communication costs causing messages. The monitoring of the transport takes place in the terminals themselves, messages only occur if defined deviations from the transport process occur. In order to take into account a well-known peculiarity of the iron transport, not always on the same way to reach a certain goal, the software was enabled to learn deviations in the course of transport and in the future to interpret as correct. She is even in a position to set this not only on the relation alone, but also depending on different days of the road. Likewise, the software recognizes that several freight wagons are merged with the same order ie the same route / destination in a freight train and logically run in satellite tracking device on the freight car each causing the same energy and communication costs activities. In this case, only two satellite tracking devices are activated, and precisely those with the highest energy reserve. This intelligent data management can reduce communication costs by more than 50%.

Besonders vorteilhaft sorgt somit eine weitgehend automatisiert arbeitende DV-Unterstützung zur Kommunikation und Aufbereitung der Daten.Thus, a largely automated DV support provides particularly advantageous for communication and processing of the data.

Die bisher auf das Monitoring des beladenen Güterwagens fokussierte Arbeitsweise (Transportplan-Modus) führt dazu, dass nach Erreichung des geplanten Ziels der Überwachungsauftrag abgeschlossen und das Satellitenortungsgerät in den Sleepmodus versetzt wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird unter Nutzung des Aktiv-Modus das Satellitenortungsgerät per Konfiguration veranlasst, den Statuswechsel des Sensors von beladen in leer zu detektieren. Die dadurch ausgelöste Meldung veranlasst das Dispositionsmodul der Leitstand-Software, den Güterwagen als wiederverwendbar in den Dispositionsbestand zu nehmen und entweder beim einmal täglichen Batchlauf - analog der Logik des nationalen Leerwagenmanagement - mit bekannten Bedarfen zu verknüpfen und einem neuen Ziel im Ausland zuzuführen oder ihn leer zur Heimat zurückzufahren. Dadurch wird der Einsatz von Fremdwagen der jeweiligen Auslandsbahn vermieden und die Produktivität des Güterwagens erhöht sowie dem neuen COTIF (Übereinkommen über den internationalen Güterverkehr) Rechnung getragen, das im Anhang D (ER CUV) eine Beauftragung des Güterwagens grundsätzlich vorsieht, da auch bahneigene Güterwagen zukünftig wie Privatgüterwagen behandelt werden. Vorteil ist somit, dass autark und mit ausreichender Datenqualität der Status des Güterwagens im Ausland jederzeit erfahren und seine Beauftragung zur Beförderung - beladen wie leer - zeitgerecht veranlasst werden kann.The previously focused on the monitoring of the loaded freight car mode (transport plan mode) means that after reaching the planned goal of the monitoring order completed and the satellite positioning device is put into sleep mode. In accordance with the invention, using the active mode, the satellite positioning device is caused by configuration to detect the status change of the sensor from loaded to empty. The resulting message causes the disposition module of the control center software to take the freight wagon as reusable into the disposition stock and either during the once-a-day batch run - analogous to the logic of the national Empty wagon management - to link with known needs and deliver them to a new destination abroad or to drive him home empty-handed. This avoids the use of foreign coaches of the respective foreign railway and increases the productivity of the freight wagon and the new COTIF (Convention on international freight), which provides in Appendix D (ER CUV) a commissioning of the freight wagon, as well as train wagons in the future how to treat private goods wagons. The advantage is thus that self-sufficient and with sufficient data quality, the status of the freight wagon abroad can be experienced at any time and its commission for transport - loaded or empty - can be promptly arranged.

Besonders vorteilhaft wird somit automatisch, sobald der Güterwagen im Ausland leer geworden ist, eine Standortmeldung ausgelöst und eine Meldung zur Disposition des Wagens zu einem Wiederbeladeziel vorgenommen. Durch Beauftragung zur Wiederbeladung wird die Zahlung von RIV-Miete (Internationale Vereinbarung der Bahnen über Nutzungsentgelte für die Zeit des Aufenthalts eines Güterwagens auf dem fremden Netz) vermieden und gleichzeitig die Produktivität des Güterwagens erhöht.It is thus particularly advantageous automatically, as soon as the freight car has become empty abroad, triggered a location report and made a message about the disposition of the car to a reloading. Re-loading orders avoid the payment of RIV rent (International Rail Agreement on user charges for the duration of a freight car's stay on the foreign network) while at the same time increasing the productivity of the freight wagon.

Das Logistikunternehmen bietet zur Abrundung seines Services über das Internet einen Tracking & Tracing Service für Kunden und eine Laderaumbörse für Disponenten. Autorisierte Kunden erhalten über ein Zugangsportal per Internet jederzeit eine Sicht auf die aktuellen Standortdaten aller aktiven wie auch bereits geschlossenen Aufträge entweder über Angabe der Wagen- oder der zugehörigen Auftragsnummer in Listenform oder graphisch hinterlegt; wenn erwünscht auch als Ausdruck. Sichtbar sind allerdings nur die Standortinformationen, wie sie oben beschriebenen und mit dem Kunden vereinbarten Arbeitsweise ermittelt wurden. Sollte der Kunde aktuell eine Standortinformation wünschen, steht ihm das Instrument der Pollingabfrage zur Verfügung und er hat die Möglichkeit, über eine Änderung der Konfiguration des Satellitenortungsgerätes das künftige Melde- und Arbeitsverhalten zu verändern. Da diese Handlungen kostenträchtig sind (Kommunikationskosten und Energieverbrauch) werden die Eingaben aufgezeichnet und die betrieblichen Kosten abgerechnet.To round off its service via the Internet, the logistics company offers a Tracking & Tracing Service for customers and a loading space exchange for dispatchers. Authorized customers can access the current location data of all active as well as closed orders via an access portal via the Internet at any time either by specifying the wagon or the associated order number in list form or graphically deposited; if desired also as expression. Visible, however, are only the location information as determined above and agreed with the customer. Should the customer currently wish a location information, he has the instrument of Pollingabfrage available and he has the ability to change the future reporting and working behavior by changing the configuration of the satellite positioning device. Since these actions are costly (communication costs and energy consumption), the inputs are recorded and the operating costs are billed.

Der Standort eines oder mehrerer Güterwagen kann graphisch hinterlegt angezeigt werden. Die Software wählt den Kartenausschnitt insbesondere so, dass alle angeforderten Wagenstandorte gleichzeitig sichtbar sind.The location of one or more freight cars can be displayed graphically. The software selects the map section in particular so that all requested carriage locations are visible at the same time.

Autorisierte Disponenten des Logistikunternehmens, Vertriebsmitarbeiter der jeweiligen Auslandsbahn wie auch Flottendisponenten haben des Logistikunternehmens selbst haben die Möglichkeit, über eine Laderaumbörse die im Ausland leer werdenden Güterwagen mit Zeitpunkt- und Ortsangabe bereits bei der Abfahrt im Inland zu erkennen und bei Bedarf buchen zu können. Das hat zur Folge, dass diese Güterwagen wie in Anspruch 1 beschrieben automatisch zur neuen Verwendungsstelle disponiert und beauftragt werden.Authorized dispatchers of the logistics company, sales staff of the respective international railway as well as fleet dispatchers have the opportunity to use a loading exchange to identify freight wagons that are becoming empty abroad with time and place information already on departure from the airport and to book them as needed. As a result, these freight cars are automatically scheduled and commissioned as described in claim 1 to the new point of use.

Eine Energiebilanzrechnung des Satellitenortungsgerätes basiert auf folgender Grundannahme: Das Satellitenortungsgerät bucht sich insbesondere stündlich zur Abfrage von Nachrichten im GSM-Netz ein, ermittelt insbesondere viermal täglich, d.h. alle 6 Stunden, seine aktuelle Position und teilt sie insbesondere zweimal täglich der Leitzentrale mit.An energy balance calculation of the satellite positioning device is based on the following basic assumption: The satellite positioning device books in particular hourly to query messages in the GSM network, in particular four times a day, i. every 6 hours, its current position and informs it in particular twice daily of the control center.

Desweiteren sind alle Komponenten in stromsparender Ausführung ausgelegt, so dass die gesamte Einheit - das Satellitenortungsgerät - seine Energieversorgung autark über einen Zeitraum von mindestens sechs Jahren (Revisionszyklus des Güterwagens) sicherstellt, ohne beispielsweise zur Aufladung des Akkumulators eine Ladestelle anfahren oder ausgetauscht werden zu müssen.Furthermore, all components are designed to save energy, so that the entire unit - the satellite tracking device - its power supply self-sufficient over a period of at least six years (maintenance cycle of the freight car) ensures without having to approach or replace a charging point, for example, to recharge the battery.

Die per GPS ermittelten Geokoordinaten ergänzt um weitere Informationen wie z.B. der Sensorik werden über das GSM-Netz bzw. bei fehlender Netzabdeckung über Kommunikations-Satelliten wie z.B. Orbcomm an den Kommunikations-Server der Leitstelle übermittelt; auf dem umgekehrten Weg werden dem Satellitenortungsgerät Informationen z.B. zum Transportauftrag übermittelt, um das erfindungsgemäße Event- und Intervallmanagement im Gerät auszulösen.The geo-coordinates determined by GPS supplemented with further information, such as the sensors are transmitted via the GSM network or in the absence of network coverage via communication satellites such as e.g. Orbcomm transmitted to the communication server of the control center; in the opposite way, information is sent to the satellite locator, e.g. transmitted to the transport order to trigger the event and interval management in the device according to the invention.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von einem Ausführungsbeispiel und einer Zeichnung mit vier Figuren näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen in

  • Fig. 1 schematisch ein System, das aus fest am Güterwagen angeschweißten Satellitenortungsgerät besteht,
  • Fig. 2 schematisch die Sensorikausstattung der Satellitenortungsgeräte zum Festanbau,
  • Fig. 3 schematisch eine autonome Überwachung durch einen Referenztransportplan,
  • Fig. 4 schematisch eine Meldung z.B. einer unzeitigen Türöffnung an eine Polizeidienststelle.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment and a drawing with four figures. The figures show in
  • Fig. 1 schematically a system consisting of permanently welded to the freight car satellite positioning device,
  • Fig. 2 schematically the sensor equipment of the satellite locating devices for permanent cultivation,
  • Fig. 3 schematically an autonomous monitoring by a reference transport plan,
  • Fig. 4 schematically a message such as an untimely door opening to a police department.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch ein System, das aus fest am Güterwagen angeschweißten Satellitenortungsgerät 1 besteht, die die Positionsbestimmung mit Hilfe des GPS, die Erfassung von Informationen mit zusätzlichen Sensoren gemäß Fig. 2 und eine Datenübertragung mit SMS über GSM bzw. alternativ mittels Satellitenmodem über Kommunikationssatelliten wie z.B. Orbcomm zu einem Kommunikationsprovider 2 ermöglichen. Der Kommunikationsprovider stellt die vom Satellitenortungsgerät übertragenen Daten zur Verfügung, von wo aus sie per Standleitung zum Kommunikations-Server 3 übertragen werden. Der Applikations-Server 4 interpretiert die vom Kommunikations-Server in das Datenbankmanagementsystem übertragenen Daten, ordnet sie Aufträgen zu, interpretiert die Positionen geographisch, alarmiert Mitarbeiter bei Interventionsbedarf und stellt geographisch aufbereitete Protokolle zur Verfügung. Das Datenbankmanagementsystem 5 dient als gemeinsames Repository für Daten im Kommunikations-Server und im Applikations-Server. Fig. 1 schematically shows a system consisting of permanently welded to the freight car satellite positioning device 1, with the position determination with Help the GPS, collecting information with additional sensors according to Fig. 2 and enable data transmission with SMS via GSM or alternatively via satellite modem via communication satellites such as Orbcomm to a communication provider 2. The communication provider provides the data transmitted by the satellite positioning device, from where they are transmitted by leased line to the communication server 3. The application server 4 interprets the data transmitted by the communication server into the database management system, assigns them to orders, interprets the positions geographically, alerts employees when intervention needs are needed, and provides geographically prepared protocols. The database management system 5 serves as a common repository for data in the communication server and in the application server.

In der Gegenrichtung erlaubt der Applikations-Server 4 die Konfiguration der Satellitenortungsgeräte mit auftragsspezifischen Parametern, die über den Kommunikations-Server 3 über eine Standleitung zum Kommunikationsprovider 2 übertragen werden. Der Kommunikationsprovider 2 leitet diese Konfigurationsnachricht als SMS an das Satellitenortungsgerät 1 weiter.In the opposite direction, the application server 4 allows the configuration of the satellite positioning devices with order-specific parameters, which are transmitted via the communication server 3 via a leased line to the communications provider 2. The communications provider 2 forwards this configuration message as an SMS to the satellite positioning device 1.

Dabei ist der Kommunikations-Server die zentrale Schnittstelle zwischen dem Applikations-Server und dem Kommunikationsprovider. Er stellt die eingehenden Nachrichten dem Applikations-Server in einem definierten Format zur Verfügung und wandelt im umgekehrten Weg die Nachrichten des Applikations-Servers in das vom Kommunikationsprovider erwartete Format um. Der Kommunikations-Server stellt die empfangenen SMS dem Applikations-Server als Text zur Verfügung und übergibt die vom Applikations-Server erhaltenen Texte dem Kommunikationsprovider als SMS. Zusätzlich speichert der Kommunikations-Server die ein- und ausgehenden SMS-Nachrichten in der Datenbank.The communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider. The communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS. In addition, the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database.

Über eine Standleitung übergibt und empfängt er SMS-Nachrichten an den bzw. vom Kommunikationsprovider.Via a leased line, he hands over and receives SMS messages to and from the communications provider.

Über den Applikations-Server werden die Satellitenortungsgeräte konfiguriert und verwaltet. Aufgrund der Benutzervorgaben erzeugt der Applikations-Server den Inhalt der Nachrichten an die Satellitenortungsgeräte. Des Weiteren kann der Applikations-Server aufgrund von bereits durchgeführten Transporten Referenz-Transportpläne für weitere Transporte derselben Relation bestimmen.The satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.

Der Applikations-Server stellt die empfangenen Alarme und Nachrichten dem Benutzer in entsprechender Form dar. Der Applikations-Server bietet umfangreiche Möglichkeiten, die gespeicherten Informationen auszuwerten. Zusätzlich verwaltet der Applikations-Server die Stammdaten, die Auftragsdaten und die extern und durch den Applikations-Server selbst erzeugten Referenz-Transportpläne und übernimmt statische Daten, Auftragsdaten und externe Referenz-Transportpläne aus bereitgestellten Dateien.The application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in an appropriate form. The application server offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information. In addition, the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and acquires static data, order data, and external reference schedules from deployed files.

Mit dem System sollen zusätzliche Qualitätsmerkmale mit eigener Wertschöpfung realisiert werden, wie:

  • Messung von Stoßbelastung im rauen Eisenbahnbetrieb
  • unzeitige Türöffnung (Diebstahlmeldung)
  • Zeitpunkt einer Ladezustandsänderung (Diebstahldetektion, Ladefristüberwachung)
  • Sensorschnittstellen für Temperaturüberwachung des Ladegutes, technischer Daten des Güterwagens (Laufleistung, Bremssohlenzustand, Lauflagerschäden etc) sowie nicht zuletzt
  • zeitnah abrufbare aktuelle Transportstatusinformation via Internet-Zugangsportal (webbasierte, graphisch aufbereitete Standortabfrage)
With the system, additional quality features with their own added value are to be realized, such as:
  • Measurement of impact load in rough railway operations
  • untimely door opening (theft message)
  • Time of charge state change (theft detection, charging period monitoring)
  • Sensor interfaces for temperature monitoring of the load, technical data of the freight wagon (mileage, brake fluid condition, bearing damage etc.) and last but not least
  • up-to-date retrievable current transport status information via Internet access portal (web-based, graphically processed location query)

Vor Verlassen eines Versandbahnhofes 7 aus Fig. 3 durch den Güterwagen wird an das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens folgende Daten des Fahrplans übermittelt:

  • Abfahrtszeit und Ort
  • Wegepunkte
  • Ankunftszeit und Ort jeweils mit Toleranzbereich
  • Unschärfebereiche um Wegpunktorte (Geokoordinaten)
  • automatische Starterkennung.
Before leaving a shipping station 7 off Fig. 3 the freight wagon transmits to the satellite tracking device of the freight wagon the following timetable data:
  • Departure time and location
  • waypoints
  • Arrival time and location in each case with tolerance range
  • Blur areas around waypoint locations (geocoordinates)
  • automatic start detection.

Verlässt der Güterwagen den Unschärfebereich um den Versandbahnhof 7 sendet das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens eine Abfahrtmeldung 12 aus.When the freight car leaves the blur area around the dispatch station 7, the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends out a departure message 12.

Erreicht der Güterwagen den Grenzbahnhof 8 bzw. 9 wird überprüft, ob der Soll-Standort mit vorgegebenem Unschärfebereich zum vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt erreicht worden ist. Gegebenenfalls sendet das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens zwischen dem Grenzbahnhof 9 und dem Rangierbahnhof 10 eine Verspätungsmeldung 13 aus.If the freight car reaches the border station 8 or 9, it is checked whether the target location with a predetermined defocus range has been reached at the given time. Optionally, the satellite tracking device of the freight car between the border station 9 and the marshalling yard 10 sends a delay message 13 from.

Erreicht der Güterwagen den Bestimmungsbahnhof 11 sendet das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens eine Mitteilung über das Fahrplanende und geht grundsätzlich automatisch in den Ruhe-ModusWhen the freight car reaches the destination station 11, the freight car's satellite tracking device sends a message about the end of the train and, in principle, automatically enters the idle mode

Wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt wird die Meldung z.B. einer unzeitigen Türöffnung eines mit Zigaretten beladenen Güterwagens sofort angezeigt und mit ihren relevanten Daten einer Polizeidienststelle zugeleitet.As in Fig. 4 the message, for example, of an untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is displayed immediately and forwarded with its relevant data to a police station.

Hierzu werden vor Abfahrt des Güterwagens der Ladesensor, die Türsensoren und der Stoß-Sensor des Güterwagens durch eine Nachricht 15 aktiviert.For this purpose, the load sensor, the door sensors and the shock sensor of the freight car are activated by a message 15 before departure of the freight car.

Verlässt der Güterwagen den Unschärfebereich um den Versandbahnhof 7 sendet das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens eine Meldung über das ordnungsgemäße Beladen sowie eine Abfahrtmeldung 16 aus.If the freight car leaves the blur area around the dispatch station 7, the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends a message about the proper loading and a departure message 16.

Während der Fahrt sendet das Satellitenortungsgerät des Güterwagens jeden registrierten Stoß als Stoßalarm 17 sowie jede registrierte Türöffnung als Tür-auf-Alarm 18 aus.During the journey, the freight car's satellite locator emits each registered shock as a burst alarm 17 and each registered door opening as a door-on alarm 18.

Erreicht der Güterwagen den Bestimmungsbahnhof 11, werden die Sensoren entweder automatisch (Information war im RTP enthalten) oder per Funk durch eine Nachricht 19 deaktiviert.If the freight car reaches the destination station 11, the sensors are deactivated either automatically (information was contained in the RTP) or wirelessly by means of a message 19.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
SatellitenortungsgerätSatellite-tracking device
22
Kommunikationsprovidercommunications provider
33
Kommunikations-ServerCommunication server
44
Applikations-ServerApplication server
55
DatenbankmanagementsystemDatabase management system
77
Versandbahnhofforwarding station
88th
Grenzbahnhofborder station
99
Grenzbahnhofborder station
1010
Rangierbahnhofmarshalling yard
1111
Bestimmungsbahnhofdestination station
1212
Abfahrtmeldungdeparture message
1313
Verspätungsmeldungdelay message
1414
Mitteilung über das FahrplanendeCommunication about the end of the train
1515
Aktivierung des Ladesensors, der Türsensoren und des Stoß-SensorsActivation of the charge sensor, the door sensors and the shock sensor
1616
Meldung über das ordnungsgemäße Beladen und AbfahrtmeldungMessage about the proper loading and departure message
1717
Stoßalarmshock alarm
1818
Tür-auf-AlarmDoor-to-Alarm
1919
Deaktivierung der SensorenDeactivation of the sensors

Claims (21)

  1. A method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning devices mounted to the goods wagons, wherein a satellite- positioning device includes sensors, a communications module, interfaces and an energy storage unit and is permanently mounted on the goods wagon, wherein the tracking and disposition is conducted from a control panel which consists of a communications and applications server as well as a database, characterized in that through a reference transport schedule (RTP) filed in the database the entire path of the goods wagon from the departure point to the destination is described and the time/distance information in form of geo-coordinates, time of next measurement and sensor configuration is specified to the satellite positioning device.
  2. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reference transport schedule is individually agreed and/or corresponds to a regular transport schedule of the railways.
  3. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the start of the transport operation is independently detected by the satellite positioning device via vibration sensor and/or in conjunction with the leaving of an uncertainty range about the starting point and/or through the capturing of the customer order concerned in the regular order capturing systems.
  4. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that through the individually determinable uncertainty range about a start, end and/or intermediate point the alarm triggering is influenced within wide limits depending on the customer's wish in that the satellite positioning device with the following messages compares if it has reached the relevant point at a predetermined time T1 or left in the direction of the following point at a time T2.
  5. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that provided that the measurement is within the uncertainty range, no message is triggered and the measurement data is recorded in an internal storage unit.
  6. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that only upon punctual arrival at the destination will a single schedule end message be output which includes the entire trip history of the wagon with all measurement results.
  7. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the maximum number of signs that can be transmitted within an SMS (short message service) is optimally utilized.
  8. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an alarm treatment is individually assigned by the satellite positioning device to every existing sensor type.
  9. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the message of untimely door opening of a goods wagon is indicated and with its relevant data submitted to a security control room.
  10. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that after the arrival at the destination the satellite positioning device is put in a rest mode.
  11. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that through the satellite positioning device positioning is carried out at regular time intervals and transmitted independent of the load status of the wagon.
  12. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that information processing in the satellite positioning device on the goods wagon is supplemented by processing and cooperation with the control panel software and
    - Through the control panel software special process sequences of the railway transport are taken into account and a largely automated monitoring and disposition process of the goods wagon fleet is made possible,
    - The communications server is the central interface between the applications server and the communications provider and makes available incoming messages to the applications server in a defined format and by the reverse channel converts the messages of the applications server into the format expected by the communications provider,
    - SMS received by the communications server are made available to the applications server as text and the texts received from the applications server are transmitted to the communications provider as SMS,
    - The incoming and outgoing SMS messages are stored in the database by the communications server,
    - The satellite positioning devices are configured and managed via the applications server.
  13. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the content of the messages to the satellite positioning devices is generated by the applications server based on the user specifications.
  14. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that based on already performed transports reference transport schedules for further transports of the same relation are determined by the applications server.
  15. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that through the applications server
    - Received alarms and messages are presented to the user in suitable form,
    - Stored information is evaluated,
    - Master data, order data and reference transport schedules generated externally and by the applications server itself are managed,
    - Static data, order data and external reference transport schedules from provided data files are transmitted.
  16. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that subject to the utilization of an active mode the satellite positioning device via configuration is prompted to detect the status change of the sensor from laden to empty and the disposition module of the control panel software through the triggered message is prompted to include the goods wagon in the disposition stock as reusable and either link it up with known requirements during a once daily batch run and allocate it to a new destination abroad or return it home empty.
  17. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that via the Internet a tracking and tracing service for customers and a loading space exchange for schedulers is offered and authorized customers via an access portal via Internet are given a view of the current location data of all active as well as already closed orders at any time either by indicating the wagon or the corresponding order number in list form or graphically filed.
  18. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that via a change of the configuration of the satellite positioning device the future reporting and operating behaviour is changed, the inputs are recorded and the operational costs charged.
  19. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the location of one or a plurality of goods wagons is displayed with graphic background.
  20. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the goods wagons that become empty abroad are detected through authorized persons via a loading space exchange with time and location details even upon departure locally and are booked as required.
  21. The method for the tracking and disposition of goods wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that geo-coordinates determined via GPS supplemented with additional information are transmitted to the communications server of the control station via a GSM network and/or in the absence of network coverage via communications satellite and via the reverse channel information for instance relating to the transport order is transmitted to the satellite positioning device.
EP06003873A 2005-07-20 2006-02-25 Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors Revoked EP1746010B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06003873T PL1746010T3 (en) 2005-07-20 2006-02-25 Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005034488A DE102005034488A1 (en) 2005-07-20 2005-07-20 Autonomous tracking and disposition of goods wagons using satellite positioning and sensors

Publications (3)

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EP1746010A2 EP1746010A2 (en) 2007-01-24
EP1746010A3 EP1746010A3 (en) 2007-11-14
EP1746010B1 true EP1746010B1 (en) 2009-04-22

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EP06003873A Revoked EP1746010B1 (en) 2005-07-20 2006-02-25 Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors

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EP (1) EP1746010B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE429371T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005034488A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1746010T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2322713T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1746010T3 (en)

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FR2905764A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-14 Frederic Combes Embarked position sensor device for e.g. coach, has processor programmed to process delay of useful information e.g. downloading of geographical reference table, where specific parameter and processing of table are distributed
KR101049138B1 (en) * 2007-03-19 2011-07-15 엘지전자 주식회사 In a mobile communication system, an acknowledgment signal receiving method
DE102008016868B4 (en) 2007-05-25 2016-05-04 Db Schenker Rail Deutschland Ag Method for data communication between rail vehicles on a rail network and a target sink
DE102008030989A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for determining a state variable of a freight car, telematics device and freight wagons
US20140111356A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Amsted Rail Company, Inc. Railway tank car security device
CN108090661A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-05-29 株洲中车轨道交通装备有限公司 Rolling stock intelligent vehicle scheduling management method and system and device
CN112865279B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-11-29 北京华力方元科技有限公司 Low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagon
CN113311812A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-27 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 Data reporting method of railway wagon and vehicle-mounted monitoring system
CN117744064B (en) * 2024-02-19 2024-04-30 民航成都电子技术有限责任公司 Protection method, device, medium and equipment for civil aviation duty verification terminal

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DE19816435C1 (en) 1998-04-15 1999-06-17 Deutsche Bahn Ag Satellite locating apparatus
JP2004530174A (en) * 2000-08-18 2004-09-30 エヌエヌティー インク System, method, and computer program product for remotely diagnosing, monitoring, configuring, and reprogramming vehicles
US20020042266A1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-04-11 Craig Heyward System and methods for conserving wireless resources
DE20319131U1 (en) * 2003-12-10 2004-03-18 KNÜPFER, Jürgen Device for monitoring of cargo (load monitoring)

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Publication number Publication date
EP1746010A3 (en) 2007-11-14
ATE429371T1 (en) 2009-05-15
DK1746010T3 (en) 2009-06-29
DE502006003520D1 (en) 2009-06-04
EP1746010A2 (en) 2007-01-24
DE102005034488A1 (en) 2007-01-25
PL1746010T3 (en) 2009-11-30
ES2322713T3 (en) 2009-06-25

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