EP1736392B1 - Joint structure with heated joint pin - Google Patents
Joint structure with heated joint pin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1736392B1 EP1736392B1 EP20050013495 EP05013495A EP1736392B1 EP 1736392 B1 EP1736392 B1 EP 1736392B1 EP 20050013495 EP20050013495 EP 20050013495 EP 05013495 A EP05013495 A EP 05013495A EP 1736392 B1 EP1736392 B1 EP 1736392B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- joint
- bearing
- pin
- structure according
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
- B61G5/02—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for coupling articulated trains, locomotives and tenders or the bogies of a vehicle; Coupling by means of a single coupling bar; Couplings preventing or limiting relative lateral movement of vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G7/00—Details or accessories
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joint assembly for a coupling, in particular a joint coupling or a central buffer coupling, for articulating two adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit vehicle, with a first joint part, a second joint part and a hinge pin, wherein the first and the second joint part by means of the hinge pin pivotally cooperate about a common pivot axis defined by the hinge pin according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a joint arrangement is known for example in the form of an articulated coupling from rail vehicle technology.
- the object of such a joint assembly used in a joint coupling is to bind adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit vehicle body to each other while allowing for a defined movements between the car bodies, and on the other hand, if necessary, to restrict certain degrees of freedom.
- the joint arrangement often takes over the coupling of two car bodies in the vehicle longitudinal direction more functions, such as the support of a part of the weight or the steering of the car body.
- the document DE 101 53 460 A1 discloses a coupling device with an articulated coupling, which has mutually movable coupling elements, each of which is arranged on one of the car bodies to be connected of a multi-unit vehicle and designed to detect the horizontal, vertical, horizontal, occurring during normal operation. gimbal and / or positional deflecting movements of the adjacent car bodies against each other to provide.
- a first through hole is formed in the first joint part and a second through hole aligned axially with the first through hole formed in the first joint part, wherein the hinge pin passes through the first and second through holes.
- the joint arrangement known from the prior art also has a spherical-elastic bearing, this bearing being fixed in at least one of the through-bores of the two joint parts, and the hinge pin passing through the bearing.
- each joint arrangement designed as a joint coupling has a first joint part assigned to the first vehicle body and a second joint part assigned to the second vehicle body on.
- associated joint part used in connection with joint couplings are also joint parts or articulated arms to understand that are attached to the relevant car body rigid but also almost rigid. This also includes such joint parts or articulated arms, which are arranged with a certain play on the car body in question, which is the case, for example, when the joint part is attached via an elastomeric body to the car body.
- a coupling arrangement generally has per car body on the front side of the car body concerned via a linkage mounted coupling rod at the front, the articulation opposite end of a coupling head can be provided.
- the respective coupling rods are rigidly connected to each other, while the respective carriage box-side ends of the coupling rods are articulated on the above-mentioned linkage to the respective car bodies.
- a through-coupling coupling arrangement thus has - in contrast to the aforementioned joint coupling - not a common pivot axis, but two different pivot axes.
- the respective end of the coupling rod is pivotally mounted on the bearing block or on the front side of the car body, which is usually done by means of a hinge assembly.
- the first hinge part is a part of the bearing block, while the second hinge part forms the end of the coupling rod.
- joint arrangements are used in so-called bendable coupling arrangements, wherein in the coupling rod of this coupling arrangement, a joint arrangement is integrated, so that the coupling rod can be bent if necessary.
- the first and second hinge part each represent a part of the coupling rod.
- a joint arrangement further comprises a hinge pin, which connects the respective joint parts with each other in such a way that they can interact in an articulated manner about a common pivot axis defined by the hinge pin.
- the function of the hinge pin in an articulated coupling is primarily to transmit tensile and compressive forces of the universal joint. In detail, such tensile and compressive forces transferred from one of the two joint parts on the hinge pin and forwarded via this hinge pin on the counterpart of the joint assembly. In order to allow an articulated interaction of the two joint parts, these joint parts must be able to pivot about the pin axis to each other.
- the primary function of the hinge pin is to provide tensile and impact forces transmitted via the coupling rod of the coupling from adjacent car bodies to the coupling rod acting as one of the two hinge parts serves to transmit over the hinge pin on the bearing block, which serves as the other joint part.
- the hinge pin is used to pivotally connect the two partial coupling rods together.
- bearings are usually provided in the joint assembly, the absorb and absorb these forces.
- articulated arrangements designed as spherical joints absorb the longitudinal, transverse and vertical forces which occur during the travel of the multi-unit rail vehicle between the adjacent vehicle bodies.
- joint arrangements which additionally have a roller bearing and an elastomer joint. Such trained joint arrangements make it possible to record on the rolling bearing which adjusts during cornering horizontal deflection, during which adjusting when passing through a depression or when driving over a hilltop angle of inclination is absorbed by the elastomeric joint.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, a hinge assembly for a clutch, in particular for a universal joint or a central buffer coupling, for articulated connection of two adjacent car bodies, which is perfectly functional even at low ambient temperatures.
- a joint arrangement of the aforementioned type wherein the joint assembly further comprises a heater, whose at least one heating element is introduced into a recess of the hinge pin and covered to the outside. It is envisaged that upon activation of the radiator, the heat generated in the hinge pin will be transmitted via the outer surfaces of the hinge pin in the bearings of the joint assembly. By taking place via the heating element heat supply, the icing of the bearings can be prevented or resolved even at low ambient temperatures, so that the joint assembly is always functional. With the solution according to the invention, the joint arrangement of ice and snow can thus be reliably kept free even in winter and its function can be ensured.
- the radiator in a recess of the hinge pin, and then cover it to the outside by welded or soldered cover elements. Furthermore, it is conceivable to glue or solder the heater in the recess itself. In this case, it must be ensured that the soldering of the radiator takes place without cavities in the filling material, in order to prevent local overheating of the radiator in such cavities, or that, on the other hand, moisture can penetrate during operation, which often leads to corrosion. Furthermore, it is conceivable to use as the outer cover of the radiator a silicone material which forms the outer cover, and which in the backfilling is, for example, a closable single-component material which crosslinks and cures under the action of atmospheric moisture at room temperature.
- cover elements as cover, which are introduced into adapted countersinks and connected to the hinge pin, preferably by brazing.
- the fact that the joint arrangement according to the invention is designed so that the radiator is introduced into the recess of the hinge pin even after mechanical completion of the hinge assembly or the hinge pin, the risk of damage to the radiator including its supply line during assembly of the hinge assembly is significantly reduced.
- the recess of the hinge pin is made to fit the cross section of the radiator.
- radiators per hinge pin instead of a single radiator, wherein either a separate recess is provided for each radiator, or a single recess is designed to accommodate a plurality of radiators.
- a separate recess is provided for each radiator, or a single recess is designed to accommodate a plurality of radiators.
- the invention provides that the radiator is releasably secured to the hinge pin.
- releasable fastening means for fixing the radiator on the hinge pin also a quick and easy assembly and disassembly is taken into account.
- releasable fastening means for example, head plates are conceivable, with which the radiator is fixed to the hinge pin.
- the radiator after it has been introduced into the recess of the hinge pin is fixed according to one of the joint parts.
- the recess which is designed to receive the radiator in the hinge pin is preferably designed as a linear bore formed, which extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis or on the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin itself.
- the recess or the recesses as a groove in form the hinge pin, which are then covered by an inserted front plate.
- Such a groove solution is for example in question when drilling out the recess in the hinge pin, for example, due to the hardness of the steel bolt used at the hinge pin, poses problems.
- the recesses may be formed both as a groove and as bores in a hinge pin.
- the first joint part has a first through hole and the second joint parts a second through hole axially aligned with the first through hole formed in the first through hole
- the hinge pin which is equipped with the heater, passes through the first and second through-holes.
- Both a bearing fork and a bearing eye are conceivable as joint parts. These can be used as a fork-eye joint arrangement or as an eye-eye joint arrangement, wherein the connection is made via the hinge pin.
- the hinge assembly according to the invention is not limited to such cases in which a vertically extending hinge pin is provided. Rather, any joint arrangements are conceivable in which the hinge pin is different, as aligned horizontally.
- the joint arrangement furthermore has a bearing, in particular a spherical-elastic bearing and / or an angular-joint bearing, through which the hinge bolt passes.
- a bearing in particular a spherical-elastic bearing and / or an angular-joint bearing, through which the hinge bolt passes.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the heat introduced by the radiator integrated inside the hinge pin can penetrate into the bearing quickly and uniformly and can be distributed there. This leads to the reduction of defrosting times and provides a significant contribution to maintaining the functionality of the storage.
- the bearing is provided or fixed in one of the joint parts. For example, when a spherical-elastic bearing is used in an articulated coupling, gimbal movements are possible between adjacent vehicle bodies connected by the articulated arrangement.
- the hinge pin In order to position the hinge pin, in which the heater is integrated, in the region of the bearing, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the joint arrangement according to the invention that the hinge pin is rigidly connected to one of the hinge parts and cooperates with the other of the hinge parts such that this hinge part is rotatably mounted about the hinge pin.
- the hinge pin further comprises a head portion and a pin lock, which cooperate such that the bolt is held in the region of the storage of the first and second hinge parts.
- Conceivable here would be, for example, to perform the bolt cylindrically, wherein further at least one groove for receiving a shaft securing ring is inserted in the bolt.
- the hinge pin has different cylindrical diameters in the region of the bearing of the first and second hinge parts, wherein the different diameters are designed so that the bolt is held in the region of the bearing of the first and second hinge parts.
- the primary task of the hinge pin is to transfer the tensile and compressive forces transmitted by one of the two hinge parts to the hinge pin to the counterpart of the hinge arrangement.
- the two joint parts can pivot about the hinge pin axis to each other. This hinge pin axis is usually the common pivot axis of the joint assembly.
- the bearing of the joint arrangement is designed with additional bearings, such as plain bearing bushes.
- the hinge pin is equipped not only with a heater, but also with a Nachschmierönkeit for the bearing points of the hinge pin. It would be conceivable here to form a corresponding lubricant reservoir in the hinge pin, from which lubricant is discharged into the bearing either on demand or continuously. In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that this lubricant reservoir formed in or on the hinge pin can be refilled with lubricant from the outside. This is conceivable, for example, on the front side of the hinge pin to provide a corresponding connection. This connection can be arranged in addition to the electrical connections for the provided in or on the hinge pin radiator or on the opposite end face of the hinge pin.
- Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the hinge assembly 1 according to the invention in an articulated coupling with aligned longitudinal axes of the corresponding hinge parts 2, 3.
- the hinge assembly 1 has in this embodiment, designed as a bearing eye first hinge part 2, of a over the end of the (not explicitly shown) first Car body 100 protruding, in the hallway area with the car body 100 firmly connected, rigid support bracket 15 is added.
- the bearing eye itself has a vertical through-hole 6, in which a Sphotastiklager 8 is fixed.
- the sphero-elastic bearing 8 allows cardanic movements between the adjacent car bodies.
- the bearing eye is received by a second joint part 3 designed as a bearing fork, which is received by a rigid support beam 16 projecting beyond the end of the second, adjacent carriage body 101, fixedly connected to the second carriage body 101 in its floor area.
- the storage fork 3 also has a vertical through hole 7 which is axially aligned with the through hole 6 of the bearing eye 2.
- the bearing fork 3 is designed in two parts, wherein the upper part 13 with the lower part 14 of the bearing fork 3 by means of releasable fastening means 17, in particular by means of screws is firmly connected.
- a gimbal movements permitting (not explicitly shown) inclined spherical plain bearings is arranged in the upper part 13 and in the lower part 14 of the bearing fork 3 .
- the connection between the bearing eye 2 and the bearing fork 3 is made by a vertically inserted hinge pin 4, which is inserted through the Sphotastiklager 8 and through the oblique spherical plain bearing and fixed there with known means.
- the Sphotastiklager 8 fixed in the bearing eye 2 can due to design gimbal or spherical movements between the adjacent car bodies 100, 101 and dampens occurring in the vehicle longitudinal direction train-pressure fluctuations.
- Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the region of the bearing 8 of a preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly 1 according to the invention, which, for example, in the in Fig. 1 shown joint coupling can be integrated.
- this embodiment is a fork-eye joint arrangement, ie a joint arrangement in which one joint part 3 is designed as a bearing fork and the other corresponding joint part 2 as a bearing eye.
- both joint parts 2, 3 have through holes 6, 7 which are axially aligned with one another.
- this through hole 6, 7 of the hinge pin 4 is inserted, on the one hand to connect the joint parts 2, 3 with each other, and on the other hand, to define the pivot axis 21 common to the joint assembly 1.
- the hinge pin 4 is shown in a partially sectioned view.
- an axially extending, designed as a bore recess 18 is provided, in which a heater 5 of the heater is inserted accurately.
- a correspondingly retaining member 12 is provided on the upper head portion 10 of the hinge pin 4.
- the cross-section of the executed in the hinge pin 4 recess 18 is made to fit the cross section of the radiator 5, on the one hand to ensure the most uniform and rapid heat input from the radiator 5 via the hinge pin 4 in the hinge assembly 1 and in the storage area 8, and on the other hand, to securely fix the radiator 5 in the recess 18 of the hinge pin 4, which makes an additional gluing or soldering of the radiator 5 in the recess 18 is no longer necessary.
- the exact fit design of the recess 18 for receiving the radiator 5 that form between the radiator 5 and the wall of the recess 18 hollow body penetrate into the example, water and thus can lead to corrosion. Furthermore, it is prevented that due to such hollow body to local overheating of the radiator 5 and thus can destroy the radiator 5.
- the radiator 5 is fixed to the front side of the hinge pin 4 from the outside. Such attachment is preferably made with a releasable fastener 20 to allow rapid assembly and disassembly of the heater 5.
- the corresponding connecting lines are also preferably routed via the end face of the hinge pin 4.
- As (partial) radiator preferably find rod-shaped high-performance cartridges use.
- Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a further preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention 1.
- both joint parts 2, 3 designed as bearing eyes, so that the hinge assembly 1 is a so-called eye-eye joint assembly.
- both joint parts 2, 3 through holes 6, 7 are provided which are axially aligned with each other, and in which the hinge pin 4 is inserted with the heater 5 integrated therein.
- the hinge pin 4 preferably has a head portion 10 at the upper part of the hinge pin 4 and a pin lock 19 at the lower part of the hinge pin, by means of which the hinge pin 4 in the through holes 6, 7 of the hinge parts 2, 3 is held such that both Joint parts 2, 3 can perform a pivoting movement to each other.
- the pin lock 19 is - as in the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment - designed as a groove with a shaft locking ring.
- other embodiments are also conceivable here.
- the joint assembly 1 according to the invention according to the two embodiments is further equipped with a Nachschmier mecanickeit
- This Nachschmier réellekeit 11 is - in addition to the heater 5 - also integrated in the hinge pin 4. It is conceivable that the Nachschmier réellekeit 11 has a lubricant reservoir, which is formed within the hinge pin 4. From this lubricant reservoir, in which lubricant stores, lubricant will deliver as needed or continuously in the area of storage 8. It is also shown in the figures that on the front side of the hinge pin 4, a corresponding connector is provided to fill the (not explicitly shown) lubricant reservoir with lubricant.
- the hinge assembly according to the invention is always functional even at low ambient temperatures.
- a single radiator which is incorporated in the hinge pin, also conceivable to use a plurality of radiators.
- the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the figures, but is also possible in a plurality of variants.
- the joint arrangement according to the invention as an articulated joint in a bendable coupling arrangement in which the coupling rod can be bent in the uncoupled state with the aid of this joint arrangement.
- the joint arrangement according to the invention in the articulation of a coupling arrangement, in particular a central buffer coupling.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Gelenkanordnung für eine Kupplung, insbesondere eine Gelenkkupplung oder eine Mittelpufferkupplung, zum gelenkigen Verbinden von zwei benachbarten Wagenkästen eines mehrgliedrigen Fahrzeugs, mit einem ersten Gelenkteil, einem zweiten Gelenkteil und einem Gelenkbolzen, wobei das erste und das zweite Gelenkteil mittels des Gelenkbolzens um eine durch den Gelenkbolzen definierte gemeinsame Schwenkachse gelenkig zusammenwirken gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a joint assembly for a coupling, in particular a joint coupling or a central buffer coupling, for articulating two adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit vehicle, with a first joint part, a second joint part and a hinge pin, wherein the first and the second joint part by means of the hinge pin pivotally cooperate about a common pivot axis defined by the hinge pin according to the preamble of
Eine derartige Gelenkanordnung ist beispielsweise in der Gestalt einer Gelenkkupplung aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik bekannt. Die Aufgabe einer solchen in einer Gelenkkupplung verwendeten Gelenkanordnung besteht darin, benachbarte Wagenkästen eines mehrgliedrigen Fahrzeugverbandes aneinander zu binden und dabei zum einen definierte Bewegungen zwischen den Wagenkästen zuzulassen, und zum anderen gegebenenfalls bestimmte Freiheitsgrade einzuschränken. Die Gelenkanordnung übernimmt neben der Kopplung zweier Wagenkästen in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung oft weitere Funktionen, wie zum Beispiel das Abstützen eines Teils der Gewichtskraft oder das Lenken des Wagenkastens.Such a joint arrangement is known for example in the form of an articulated coupling from rail vehicle technology. The object of such a joint assembly used in a joint coupling is to bind adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit vehicle body to each other while allowing for a defined movements between the car bodies, and on the other hand, if necessary, to restrict certain degrees of freedom. The joint arrangement often takes over the coupling of two car bodies in the vehicle longitudinal direction more functions, such as the support of a part of the weight or the steering of the car body.
Das Dokument
Unabhängig von den unterschiedlichen konstruktiven Ausführungen weist jede als Gelenkkupplung ausgebildete Gelenkanordnung ein dem ersten Wagenkasten zugeordnetes erstes Gelenkteil sowie ein dem zweiten Wagenkasten zugeordnetes zweite Gelenkteil auf. Unter dem im Zusammenhang mit Gelenkkupplungen verwendeten Begriff "zugeordnetes Gelenkteil" sind gleichermaßen Gelenkteile oder Gelenkarme zu verstehen, die an dem betreffenden Wagenkasten starr aber auch nahezu starr angebracht sind. Hierunter fallen also auch solche Gelenkteile bzw. Gelenkarme, die mit einem gewissen Spiel an dem betreffenden Wagenkasten angeordnet sind, was beispielsweise dann der Fall ist, wenn das Gelenkteil über einen Elastomerkörper am betreffenden Wagenkasten befestigt wird.Regardless of the different constructive embodiments, each joint arrangement designed as a joint coupling has a first joint part assigned to the first vehicle body and a second joint part assigned to the second vehicle body on. Under the term "associated joint part" used in connection with joint couplings are also joint parts or articulated arms to understand that are attached to the relevant car body rigid but also almost rigid. This also includes such joint parts or articulated arms, which are arranged with a certain play on the car body in question, which is the case, for example, when the joint part is attached via an elastomeric body to the car body.
Allerdings werden in der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik Gelenkanordnungen nicht nur als Gelenkkupplungen, bei denen die Gelenkanordnung die gelenkige Kopplung zweier benachbarter Wagenkästen in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung übernimmt, sondern auch in Kupplungsanordnungen, wie etwa in Mittelpufferkupplungen verwendet. Eine Kupplungsanordnung weist in der Regel je Wagenkasten eine an der Stirnseite des betreffenden Wagenkastens über eine Anlenkung angebrachte Kupplungsstange auf, an deren vorderen, der Anlenkung entgegengesetzten Ende ein Kupplungskopf vorgesehen sein kann. Im zusammengekuppelten Zustand sind die jeweiligen Kupplungsstangen starr miteinander verbunden, während die jeweiligen wagenkastenseitigen Enden der Kupplungsstangen über die bereits erwähnte Anlenkung an den jeweiligen Wagenkästen gelenkig angebracht sind. Eine durchgekuppelte Kupplungsanordnung weist somit - im Gegensatz zu der zuvor erwähnten Gelenkkupplung - nicht eine gemeinsame Schwenkachse, sondern zwei unterschiedliche Schwenkachsen auf. In den jeweiligen Anlenkungen ist das jeweilige Ende der Kupplungsstange schwenkbar an dem Lagerbock bzw. an der Stirnseite des Wagenkastens angebracht, wobei dies in der Regel mit Hilfe einer Gelenkanordnung erfolgt. Bei solch einer Gelenkanordnung ist das erste Gelenkteil ein Teil des Lagerbockes, während das zweite Gelenkteil das Ende der Kupplungsstange ausbildet.However, in rail vehicle engineering, joint arrangements are not only used as articulated couplings, in which the articulated arrangement takes over the articulated coupling of two adjacent vehicle bodies in the vehicle longitudinal direction, but also in clutch arrangements, such as in central buffer couplings. A coupling arrangement generally has per car body on the front side of the car body concerned via a linkage mounted coupling rod at the front, the articulation opposite end of a coupling head can be provided. In the coupled state, the respective coupling rods are rigidly connected to each other, while the respective carriage box-side ends of the coupling rods are articulated on the above-mentioned linkage to the respective car bodies. A through-coupling coupling arrangement thus has - in contrast to the aforementioned joint coupling - not a common pivot axis, but two different pivot axes. In the respective linkages, the respective end of the coupling rod is pivotally mounted on the bearing block or on the front side of the car body, which is usually done by means of a hinge assembly. In such a hinge assembly, the first hinge part is a part of the bearing block, while the second hinge part forms the end of the coupling rod.
Des weiteren werden Gelenkanordnungen in sogenannten knickbaren Kupplungsanordnungen verwendet, wobei in der Kupplungsstange dieser Kupplungsanordnung eine Gelenkanordnung integriert ist, so dass die Kupplungsstange bei Bedarf abgeknickt werden kann. In diesem Fall stellen das erste und zweite Gelenkteil jeweils ein Teil der Kupplungsstange dar.Furthermore, joint arrangements are used in so-called bendable coupling arrangements, wherein in the coupling rod of this coupling arrangement, a joint arrangement is integrated, so that the coupling rod can be bent if necessary. In this case, the first and second hinge part each represent a part of the coupling rod.
Eine Gelenkanordnung weist des weiteren einen Gelenkbolzen auf, der die jeweiligen Gelenkteile derart miteinander verbindet, dass diese um eine durch den Gelenkbolzen definierte gemeinsame Schwenkachse gelenkig zusammenwirken können. Die Funktion des Gelenkbolzens besteht bei einer Gelenkkupplung in erster Linie darin, Zug- und Druckkräfte der Gelenkkupplung zu übertragen. Im einzelnen werden solche Zug- und Druckkräfte von einem der beiden Gelenkteile auf den Gelenkbolzen übertragen und über diesen Gelenkbolzen auf das Gegenstück der Gelenkanordnung weitergeleitet. Um ein gelenkiges Zusammenwirken der beiden Gelenkteile zu ermöglichen, müssen sich diese Gelenkteile um die Bolzenachse zueinander schwenken lassen. Bei Gelenkanordnungen, die in der Anlenkung einer Mittelpufferkupplung verwendet werden, ist die primäre Funktion des Gelenkbolzens darin zu sehen, Zug- und Stoßkräfte, die über die Kupplungsstange der Kupplung von den benachbarten Wagenkästen übertragen werden, von der Kupplungsstange, die als einen der beiden Gelenkteile dient, über den Gelenkbolzen auf den Lagerbock, der als das andere Gelenkteil dient, zu übertragen. Bei Kupplungsanordnungen, bei denen die Kupplungsstange mit Hilfe einer Gelenkanordnung abknickbar ausgeführt ist, und bei denen somit das erste und zweite Gelenkteil jeweils einen Teil der Kupplungsstange ausbilden, dient der Gelenkbolzen dazu, die beiden Teil- Kupplungsstangen schwenkbar miteinander zu verbinden.A joint arrangement further comprises a hinge pin, which connects the respective joint parts with each other in such a way that they can interact in an articulated manner about a common pivot axis defined by the hinge pin. The function of the hinge pin in an articulated coupling is primarily to transmit tensile and compressive forces of the universal joint. In detail, such tensile and compressive forces transferred from one of the two joint parts on the hinge pin and forwarded via this hinge pin on the counterpart of the joint assembly. In order to allow an articulated interaction of the two joint parts, these joint parts must be able to pivot about the pin axis to each other. In joint arrangements used in the articulation of a central buffer coupling, the primary function of the hinge pin is to provide tensile and impact forces transmitted via the coupling rod of the coupling from adjacent car bodies to the coupling rod acting as one of the two hinge parts serves to transmit over the hinge pin on the bearing block, which serves as the other joint part. In clutch assemblies in which the coupling rod is designed kinkable with the aid of a hinge assembly, and in which thus the first and second hinge part each form part of the coupling rod, the hinge pin is used to pivotally connect the two partial coupling rods together.
Damit bei einer Gelenkkupplung die bei der Fahrt des mehrgliedrigen Schienenfahrzeuges zwischen den benachbarten Wagenkästen auftretenden Kräfte durch die Gelenkanordnung aufgenommen werden können, um somit zu verhindern, dass diese Kräfte ungedämpft in das Fahrzeuguntergestell weitergeleitet werden, sind in der Regel in der Gelenkanordnung Lagerungen vorgesehen, die diese Kräfte aufnehmen und absorbieren. Beispielsweise nehmen als Sphärogelenke ausgebildete Gelenkanordnungen die bei der Fahrt des mehrgliedrigen Schienenfahrzeuges zwischen den benachbarten Wagenkästen auftretenden Längs-, Quer- und vertikalen Kräfte auf. Ferner sind Gelenkanordnungen bekannt, die zusätzlich ein Wälzlager und ein Elastomergelenk aufweisen. Derartig ausgebildete Gelenkanordnungen ermöglichen es, über das Wälzlager die sich bei der Kurvenfahrt einstellende horizontale Auslenkung aufzunehmen, während der sich beim Durchfahren einer Senke oder beim Überfahren einer Bergkuppe einstellende Neigungswinkel durch das Elastomergelenk aufgenommen wird.Thus, in an articulated coupling occurring during the drive of the multi-unit rail vehicle between the adjacent car bodies forces can be absorbed by the joint assembly, thus preventing these forces are passed undamped in the vehicle undercarriage, bearings are usually provided in the joint assembly, the absorb and absorb these forces. For example, articulated arrangements designed as spherical joints absorb the longitudinal, transverse and vertical forces which occur during the travel of the multi-unit rail vehicle between the adjacent vehicle bodies. Furthermore, joint arrangements are known which additionally have a roller bearing and an elastomer joint. Such trained joint arrangements make it possible to record on the rolling bearing which adjusts during cornering horizontal deflection, during which adjusting when passing through a depression or when driving over a hilltop angle of inclination is absorbed by the elastomeric joint.
Allerdings hat sich bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Gelenkanordnungen als nachteilig erwiesen, dass bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen die Lagerung vereisen. Dies hat dann zur Folge, dass sich der Gelenkbolzen nicht mehr in seiner Lagerung bewegen kann. Insbesondere ist dann die Gelenkanordnung nicht mehr funktionsfähig, da sie zumindest teilweise starr ist.However, has proven in the known from the prior art joint arrangements as disadvantageous that freeze at low ambient temperatures storage. This has the consequence that the hinge pin can not move in its storage. In particular, then the joint assembly is no longer functional, since it is at least partially rigid.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gelenkanordnung für eine Kupplung, insbesondere für eine Gelenkkupplung oder eine Mittelpufferkupplung, zum gelenkigen Verbinden von zwei benachbarten Wagenkästen anzugeben, die selbst bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen einwandfrei funktionsfähig ist.The invention is therefore based on the object, a hinge assembly for a clutch, in particular for a universal joint or a central buffer coupling, for articulated connection of two adjacent car bodies, which is perfectly functional even at low ambient temperatures.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Gelenkanordnung der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die Gelenkanordnung ferner eine Heizung aufweist, deren mindestens ein Heizkörper in einer Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens eingebracht und nach außen abgedeckt ist. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass beim Aktivieren des Heizkörpers die im Gelenkbolzen entstehende Wärme über die Außenflächen des Gelenkbolzens in die Lagerungen der Gelenkanordnung übertragen werden. Durch diese über das Heizelement stattfindende Wärmezufuhr kann selbst bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen die Vereisung der Lagerungen verhindert bzw. aufgelöst werden, so dass die Gelenkanordnung stets funktionsfähig ist. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung kann somit auch im Winter zuverlässig die Gelenkanordnung von Eis und Schnee freigehalten und ihre Funktion sichergestellt werden. In einer möglichen Realisierung ist denkbar, den Heizkörper in eine Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens einzubringen, und ihn anschließend nach außen hin durch eingeschweißte oder eingelötete Abdeckelemente abzudecken. Ferner ist denkbar, den Heizkörper in der Ausnehmung selber einzukleben oder einzulöten. Hierbei ist sicherzustellen, dass das Einlöten des Heizkörpers ohne Hohlräume im Füllmaterial erfolgt, um zu vermeiden, dass es in solchen Hohlräumen einerseits zu örtlichen Überhitzungen des Heizkörpers kommen kann, oder dass andererseits im Betrieb Feuchtigkeit eindringen kann, was häufig zu Korrosionen führt. Ferner ist denkbar, als äußere Abdeckung des Heizkörpers einen Silikonwerkstoff zu verwenden, der die äußere Abdeckung bildet, und der bei der Verfüllung beispielsweise ein schließfähiger Einkomponentenwerkstoff ist, welcher unter Einwirkung von Luftfeuchtigkeit bei Raumtemperatur vernetzt und aushärtet. Schließlich wäre auch denkbar, als Abdeckung Abdeckelemente zu verwenden, die in angepasste Senkungen eingebracht und mit dem Gelenkbolzen, vorzugsweise durch Hartlötung, verbunden sind. Dadurch, dass die erfindungsgemäße Gelenkanordnung so ausgeführt ist, dass der Heizkörper auch nach mechanischer Fertigstellung der Gelenkanordnung bzw. des Gelenkbolzens in die Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens einbringbar ist, wird die Gefahr der Beschädigung des Heizkörpers einschließlich seiner Zuleitung bei der Montage der Gelenkanordnung erheblich reduziert.This object is achieved by a joint arrangement of the aforementioned type, wherein the joint assembly further comprises a heater, whose at least one heating element is introduced into a recess of the hinge pin and covered to the outside. It is envisaged that upon activation of the radiator, the heat generated in the hinge pin will be transmitted via the outer surfaces of the hinge pin in the bearings of the joint assembly. By taking place via the heating element heat supply, the icing of the bearings can be prevented or resolved even at low ambient temperatures, so that the joint assembly is always functional. With the solution according to the invention, the joint arrangement of ice and snow can thus be reliably kept free even in winter and its function can be ensured. In a possible realization is conceivable to introduce the radiator in a recess of the hinge pin, and then cover it to the outside by welded or soldered cover elements. Furthermore, it is conceivable to glue or solder the heater in the recess itself. In this case, it must be ensured that the soldering of the radiator takes place without cavities in the filling material, in order to prevent local overheating of the radiator in such cavities, or that, on the other hand, moisture can penetrate during operation, which often leads to corrosion. Furthermore, it is conceivable to use as the outer cover of the radiator a silicone material which forms the outer cover, and which in the backfilling is, for example, a closable single-component material which crosslinks and cures under the action of atmospheric moisture at room temperature. Finally, it would also be conceivable to use cover elements as cover, which are introduced into adapted countersinks and connected to the hinge pin, preferably by brazing. The fact that the joint arrangement according to the invention is designed so that the radiator is introduced into the recess of the hinge pin even after mechanical completion of the hinge assembly or the hinge pin, the risk of damage to the radiator including its supply line during assembly of the hinge assembly is significantly reduced.
Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
So ist in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass die Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens passgenau zum Querschnitt des Heizkörpers ausgeführt ist. Mit dieser Lösung ist es nun nicht mehr nötig, den Heizkörper in der Ausnehmung zu verkleben oder zu verlöten, da durch die passgenaue Ausführung der Ausnehmung einerseits der Heizkörper fest in Position gehalten wird, und andererseits eine schnelle und gleichmäßige Wärmeeinleitung in den Gelenkbolzen bzw. die Gelenkanordnung gewährleistet ist. Somit kann der Wärmeübergang vom Heizkörper in den Gelenkbolzen verbessert und der Aufwand zur Montage und Demontage des Heizkörpers verringert werden. Dabei ist ferner denkbar, dass die Ausnehmung entlang der Längsachse des Gelenkbolzens ausgeführt ist, wobei die Tiefe der Ausnehmung, und somit die Länge des Heizelementes entsprechend den Anforderungen an die Gelenkanordnung angepasst werden kann. Selbstverständlich ist aber auch denkbar, anstelle eines einzelnen Heizkörpers mehrere Heizkörper je Gelenkbolzen zu verwenden, wobei entweder für jeden einzelnen Heizkörper eine eigene Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, oder eine einzelne Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme mehrerer Heizkörper ausgelegt ist. Wie bereits kurz angedeutet, wird durch die passgenaue Ausführung der Ausnehmung insbesondere die schnelle und gleichmäßige Wärmeeinleitung und Verteilung in die Gelenkanordnung, insbesondere in die Lagerungen begünstigt, was zur Verringerung von Abtauzeiten führt. Des weiteren entfällt bei der passgenauen Ausführung der Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme des Heizkörpers die Notwendigkeit, den Heizkörper in der Ausnehmung, beispielsweise durch Löten oder Kleben, zu fixieren, was die schnelle Montage und Demontage, und insbesondere einen zügigen Einbau, Ausbau und Austausch eines defekten Heizkörpers gewährleistet, wodurch auch kürzere Standzeiten für Fahrzeuge beim Austausch des Heizkörpers erzielt werden.Thus, it is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment that the recess of the hinge pin is made to fit the cross section of the radiator. With This solution, it is no longer necessary to glue or solder the radiator in the recess, as is held by the tailor-made design of the recess on the one hand, the radiator firmly in position, and on the other hand, a rapid and uniform heat input into the hinge pin and the hinge assembly is guaranteed. Thus, the heat transfer from the radiator can be improved in the hinge pin and the cost of assembly and disassembly of the radiator can be reduced. It is also conceivable that the recess is made along the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin, wherein the depth of the recess, and thus the length of the heating element can be adjusted according to the requirements of the hinge assembly. Of course, it is also conceivable to use a plurality of radiators per hinge pin instead of a single radiator, wherein either a separate recess is provided for each radiator, or a single recess is designed to accommodate a plurality of radiators. As already briefly indicated, in particular the rapid and uniform introduction of heat and distribution into the joint arrangement, in particular into the bearings, is favored by the precisely fitting design of the recess, which leads to the reduction of defrosting times. Furthermore, eliminates the need to fix the radiator in the recess, for example by soldering or gluing, in what the rapid assembly and disassembly, and in particular a speedy installation, removal and replacement of a defective radiator in the tailor-made design of the recess for receiving the radiator ensures shorter service lives for vehicles when replacing the radiator.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens derart ausgebildet ist, dass der Heizkörper nach Fertigstellung der Ausnehmung in die Ausnehmung einführbar ist, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der Heizkörper am Gelenkbolzen lösbar befestigt wird. Durch Verwendung von lösbaren Befestigungsmitteln zur Fixierung des Heizkörpers am Gelenkbolzen wird ebenfalls einer schnellen und leichten Montage und Demontage Rechnung getragen. So kann der Einbau und Ausbau eines Heizkörpers sowie der Austausch eines defekten Heizkörpers besonders zügig durchgeführt werden. Als lösbare Befestigungsmittel sind beispielsweise Kopfbleche denkbar, mit denen der Heizkörper am Gelenkbolzen fixiert wird. Selbstverständlich ist hier aber auch denkbar, dass der Heizkörper, nachdem er in die Ausnehmung des Gelenkbolzens eingeführt wurde, an einem der Gelenkteile entsprechend fixiert wird. Die Ausnehmung, die zur Aufnahme des Heizkörpers in dem Gelenkbolzen ausgeführt ist, wird vorzugsweise als linear ausgebildete Bohrung ausgeführt, die im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse oder auf der Längsachse des Gelenkbolzens selber verläuft. Andererseits ist allerdings auch denkbar, die Ausnehmung bzw. die Ausnehmungen als Nut in dem Gelenkbolzen auszubilden, die anschließend mittels eines eingefügten Stirnbleches abgedeckt werden. Eine derartige Nut-Lösung kommt beispielsweise dann in Frage, wenn ein Ausbohren der Ausnehmung in dem Gelenkbolzen, beispielsweise aufgrund der Härte des beim Gelenkbolzen verwendeten Stahls, Probleme aufwirft. Selbstverständlich können aber auch die Ausnehmungen sowohl als Nut als auch als Bohrungen in einem Gelenkbolzen ausgebildet sein.In a further preferred embodiment, in which the recess of the hinge pin is formed such that the radiator is inserted into the recess after completion of the recess, the invention provides that the radiator is releasably secured to the hinge pin. By using releasable fastening means for fixing the radiator on the hinge pin also a quick and easy assembly and disassembly is taken into account. Thus, the installation and removal of a radiator and the replacement of a defective radiator can be carried out very quickly. As releasable fastening means, for example, head plates are conceivable, with which the radiator is fixed to the hinge pin. Of course, but here is also conceivable that the radiator, after it has been introduced into the recess of the hinge pin is fixed according to one of the joint parts. The recess which is designed to receive the radiator in the hinge pin, is preferably designed as a linear bore formed, which extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis or on the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin itself. On the other hand, however, is also conceivable, the recess or the recesses as a groove in form the hinge pin, which are then covered by an inserted front plate. Such a groove solution is for example in question when drilling out the recess in the hinge pin, for example, due to the hardness of the steel bolt used at the hinge pin, poses problems. Of course, however, the recesses may be formed both as a groove and as bores in a hinge pin.
In einer vorteilhaften, wenn auch teilweise im Zusammenhang mit Gelenkkupplungen aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik bekannten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass das erste Gelenkteil eine erste Durchgangsbohrung und das zweite Gelenkteile eine zweite Durchgangsbohrung, die mit der im ersten Gelenkteil ausgebildeten ersten Durchgangsbohrung axial fluchtet, aufweisen. Erfindungsgemäß und in vorteilhafter Weise ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Gelenkbolzen, der mit der Heizung ausgerüstet ist, durch die erste und zweite Durchgangsbohrung hindurchläuft. Dabei sind als Gelenkteile sowohl eine Lagergabel als auch ein Lagerauge denkbar. Diese können als Gabel-Auge-Gelenkanordnung oder auch als Auge-Auge-Gelenkanordnung eingesetzt werden, wobei die Verbindung über den Gelenkbolzen erfolgt. Selbstverständlich ist die erfindungsgemäße Gelenkanordnung nicht auf solche Fälle beschränkt, in denen ein vertikal verlaufender Gelenkbolzen vorgesehen ist. Vielmehr sind jedwede Gelenkanordnungen denkbar, bei denen der Gelenkbolzen anders, wie horizontal ausgerichtet ist.In an advantageous, although partially in connection with articular couplings from rail vehicle technology known embodiment of the joint arrangement according to the invention it is provided that the first joint part has a first through hole and the second joint parts a second through hole axially aligned with the first through hole formed in the first through hole , According to the invention and advantageously, it is provided that the hinge pin, which is equipped with the heater, passes through the first and second through-holes. Both a bearing fork and a bearing eye are conceivable as joint parts. These can be used as a fork-eye joint arrangement or as an eye-eye joint arrangement, wherein the connection is made via the hinge pin. Of course, the hinge assembly according to the invention is not limited to such cases in which a vertically extending hinge pin is provided. Rather, any joint arrangements are conceivable in which the hinge pin is different, as aligned horizontally.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Realisierung der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass die Gelenkanordnung ferner eine Lagerung, insbesondere ein Sphärolastiklager und/oder ein Schräg-Gelenklager, aufweist, durch die der Gelenkbolzen hindurchläuft. Diese Ausführungsform hat den Vorteil, dass die durch den innerhalb des Gelenkbolzens integrierten Heizkörper bewirkte Wärmeeinleitung schnell und gleichmäßig in die Lagerung eindringen und sich dort verteilen kann. Dies führt zur Verringerung von Abtauzeiten und liefert einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Aufrechterhaltung der Funktionsfähigkeit der Lagerung. Denkbar hierbei wäre, dass in einem der Gelenkteile das Lager vorgesehen bzw. fixiert ist. Wenn beispielsweise in einer Gelenkkupplung ein Sphärolastiklager verwendet wird, so sind kardanische Bewegungen zwischen den mittels der Gelenkanordnung verbundenen, benachbarten Wagenkästen möglich. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu ist aber auch denkbar, in einem oder in beiden Gelenkteilen ein Schräg-Gelenklager vorzusehen, dass in bevorzugter Weise kardanische Bewegungen zulässt. Damit wird ermöglicht, dass sowohl horizontale Auslenkungen zwischen benachbarten Wagenkästen während des Durchfahrens einer Kurve als auch Nickbewegungen zwischen diesen Wagenkästen beim Durchfahren einer Senke oder Überfahren einer Kuppe, oder auch eine Überlagerung beider Auslenkungen von der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung aufgenommen werden.In a further preferred realization of the joint arrangement according to the invention, it is provided that the joint arrangement furthermore has a bearing, in particular a spherical-elastic bearing and / or an angular-joint bearing, through which the hinge bolt passes. This embodiment has the advantage that the heat introduced by the radiator integrated inside the hinge pin can penetrate into the bearing quickly and uniformly and can be distributed there. This leads to the reduction of defrosting times and provides a significant contribution to maintaining the functionality of the storage. It would be conceivable here that the bearing is provided or fixed in one of the joint parts. For example, when a spherical-elastic bearing is used in an articulated coupling, gimbal movements are possible between adjacent vehicle bodies connected by the articulated arrangement. Alternatively or in addition thereto, however, it is also conceivable to provide in one or both joint parts a skewed spherical plain bearing that permits cardanic movements in a preferred manner. This allows both horizontal deflections between adjacent car bodies while driving through a curve as well as pitching movements between these car bodies when passing through a depression or driving over a dome, or even a superposition of both deflections are taken up by the joint arrangement according to the invention.
Um den Gelenkbolzen, in dem die Heizung integriert ist, im Bereich der Lagerung zu positionieren, ist bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung vorgesehen, dass der Gelenkbolzen mit einem der Gelenkteile starr verbunden ist und mit dem anderen der Gelenkteile derart zusammenwirkt, dass dieses Gelenkteil um den Gelenkbolzen drehbar gelagert ist.In order to position the hinge pin, in which the heater is integrated, in the region of the bearing, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the joint arrangement according to the invention that the hinge pin is rigidly connected to one of the hinge parts and cooperates with the other of the hinge parts such that this hinge part is rotatably mounted about the hinge pin.
In einer konstruktiven Weiterentwicklung der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung ist in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, dass der Gelenkbolzen ferner einen Kopfabschnitt und eine Bolzensicherung aufweist, die derart zusammenwirken, dass der Bolzen im Bereich der Lagerung der ersten und zweiten Gelenkteile gehalten wird. Denkbar hierbei wäre beispielsweise, den Bolzen zylindrisch auszuführen, wobei ferner zumindest eine Nut zur Aufnahme eines Wellensicherungsringes im Bolzen eingebracht ist. Zusätzlich oder alternativ hierzu ist ferner denkbar, dass der Gelenkbolzen unterschiedliche zylindrische Durchmesser im Bereich der Lagerung der ersten und zweiten Gelenkteile aufweist, wobei die unterschiedlichen Durchmesser so ausgeführt sind, dass der Bolzen im Bereich der Lagerung der ersten und zweiten Gelenkteile gehalten wird. Bei sämtlichen konstruktiven Ausführungen zum Positionieren des Gelenkbolzens im Bereich der Lagerung ist die primäre Aufgabe des Gelenkbolzens, die von einem der beiden Gelenkteile auf den Gelenkbolzen weitergeleiteten Zug- und Druckkräfte auf das Gegenstück der Gelenkanordnung zu übertragen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Gelenkanordnung lassen sich die beiden Gelenkteile um die Gelenkbolzenachse zueinander schwenken. Diese Gelenkbolzenachse ist in der Regel die gemeinsame Schwenkachse der Gelenkanordnung.In a constructive development of the joint arrangement according to the invention is provided in an advantageous manner that the hinge pin further comprises a head portion and a pin lock, which cooperate such that the bolt is held in the region of the storage of the first and second hinge parts. Conceivable here would be, for example, to perform the bolt cylindrically, wherein further at least one groove for receiving a shaft securing ring is inserted in the bolt. Additionally or alternatively, it is also conceivable that the hinge pin has different cylindrical diameters in the region of the bearing of the first and second hinge parts, wherein the different diameters are designed so that the bolt is held in the region of the bearing of the first and second hinge parts. In all constructive embodiments for positioning the hinge pin in the area of the bearing, the primary task of the hinge pin is to transfer the tensile and compressive forces transmitted by one of the two hinge parts to the hinge pin to the counterpart of the hinge arrangement. The inventive design of the joint arrangement, the two joint parts can pivot about the hinge pin axis to each other. This hinge pin axis is usually the common pivot axis of the joint assembly.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Realisierung der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass die Lagerung der Gelenkanordnung mit zusätzlichen Lagern, wie z.B. Gleitlagerbuchsen ausgeführt ist. Ferner ist vorgesehen, dass bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung der Gelenkbolzen nicht nur mit einer Heizung, sondern auch mit einer Nachschmiermöglichkeit für die Lagerstellen des Gelenkbolzens ausgerüstet ist. Denkbar hierbei wäre, im Gelenkbolzen ein entsprechendes Schmiermittelreservoir auszubilden, von dem aus - entweder bei Bedarf oder kontinuierlich - Schmiermittel in die Lagerung abgegeben wird. In einer bevorzugten Realisierung ist dabei vorgesehen, dass dieses im bzw. am Gelenkbolzen ausgebildete Schmiermittelreservoir von außen mit Schmiermittel nachfüllbar ist. Hierbei ist beispielsweise denkbar, an der Stirnseite des Gelenkbolzens einen entsprechenden Anschluss vorzusehen. Dieser Anschluss kann neben den elektrischen Anschlüssen für die im bzw. am Gelenkbolzen vorgesehenen Heizkörper oder auch auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnfläche des Gelenkbolzens angeordnet sein.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the joint arrangement according to the invention it is provided that the bearing of the joint arrangement is designed with additional bearings, such as plain bearing bushes. It is further provided that in the hinge assembly according to the invention, the hinge pin is equipped not only with a heater, but also with a Nachschmiermöglichkeit for the bearing points of the hinge pin. It would be conceivable here to form a corresponding lubricant reservoir in the hinge pin, from which lubricant is discharged into the bearing either on demand or continuously. In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that this lubricant reservoir formed in or on the hinge pin can be refilled with lubricant from the outside. This is conceivable, for example, on the front side of the hinge pin to provide a corresponding connection. This connection can be arranged in addition to the electrical connections for the provided in or on the hinge pin radiator or on the opposite end face of the hinge pin.
Im folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.In the following preferred embodiments of the joint assembly according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung in einer Gelenkkupplung bei fluchtenden Längsachsen der korrespondierenden Gelenkteile;
- Fig. 2:
- einen Längsschnitt durch den Bereich der Lagerung einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung; und
- Fig. 3:
- einen Längsschnitt durch den Bereich der Lagerung einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gelenkanordnung.
- Fig. 1:
- a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention in an articulated coupling with aligned longitudinal axes of the corresponding joint parts;
- Fig. 2:
- a longitudinal section through the region of storage of an embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention; and
- 3:
- a longitudinal section through the region of storage of another preferred embodiment of the hinge assembly according to the invention.
Das Lagerauge wird von einem als Lagergabel ausgebildeten zweiten Gelenkteil 3 aufgenommen, der von einem über das Ende des (nicht explizit dargestellten) zweiten, benachbarten Wagenkastens 101 hinausragenden, in dessen Flurbereich mit dem zweiten Wagenkasten 101 fest verbundenen, starren Stützträger 16 aufgenommen wird. Die Lagergabel 3 weist gleichfalls eine vertikale Durchgangsbohrung 7 auf, die mit der Durchgangsbohrung 6 des Lagerauges 2 axial fluchtet.The bearing eye is received by a second
Wie dargestellt, ist die Lagergabel 3 zweiteilig ausgeführt, wobei der obere Teil 13 mit dem unteren Teil 14 der Lagergabel 3 mittels lösbarer Befestigungsmittel 17, insbesondere mittels Schrauben fest verbunden wird. Im oberen Teil 13 und im unteren Teil 14 der Lagergabel 3 ist ein kardanische Bewegungen zulassendes (nicht explizit gezeigtes) Schräg-Gelenklager angeordnet. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Lagerauge 2 und der Lagergabel 3 wird durch einen vertikal eingesetzten Gelenkbolzen 4 hergestellt, der durch das Sphärolastiklager 8 und durch das Schräg-Gelenklager gesteckt und dort mit bekannten Mitteln fixiert wird. Das im Lagerauge 2 fixierte Sphärolastiklager 8 lässt bauartbedingt kardanische bzw. sphärische Bewegungen zwischen den benachbarten Wagenkästen 100, 101 zu und dämpft in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung auftretende Zug-Druck-Schwankungen.As shown, the
Denkbar wäre zusätzlich, zwischen beiden oder einem der Stützträger 15, 16 und dem Bereich der Lagerung 8 (Lagerbock) ferner ein (nicht explizit dargestelltes) Zug- und/oder Druckelement vorzusehen. Hierbei wäre denkbar, eine Druckfeder einerseits und eine zwischen Stützträger 15, 16 und Lagerbock 8 angeordnetes Zug- und/oder Druckelement, insbesondere eine Druckfeder andererseits vorzusehen, um eine Einstellung der Gelenkanordnung 1 zu bewirken.It would also be conceivable, in addition, to provide a tension and / or pressure element (not explicitly shown) between both or one of the support beams 15, 16 and the area of the bearing 8 (bearing block). In this case, it would be conceivable to provide a compression spring on the one hand and a tension and / or pressure element arranged between support beams 15, 16 and
In der in
In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß
Wie dargestellt ist der Heizkörper 5 an der Stirnseite des Gelenkbolzens 4 von außen befestigt. Eine derartige Befestigung erfolgt in bevorzugter Weise mit einem lösbaren Befestigungsmittel 20, um eine schnelle Montage und Demontage des Heizkörpers 5 zu ermöglichen. Über die Stirnseite des Gelenkbolzens 4 werden - obwohl nicht explizit dargestellt - in bevorzugter Weise auch die entsprechenden Anschlussleitungen geführt. Als (Teil-)Heizkörper finden vorzugsweise stabförmige Hochleistungspatronen Verwendung.As shown, the
Wie in den
Durch die über die Heizung stattfindende Wärmezufuhr in den Bereich der Lagerung der Gelenkanordnung wird in bevorzugter Weise verhindert, dass eine Vereisung der sich relativ zueinander bewegenden Komponenten der Gelenkanordnung auftreten kann bzw. auftritt. Somit ist die erfindungsgemäße Gelenkanordnung selbst bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen stets funktionsfähig. Selbstverständlich ist anstelle eines einzigen Heizkörpers, der in dem Gelenkbolzen eingebracht ist, auch denkbar, mehrere Heizkörper zu verwenden.By taking place via the heating heat supply in the region of the bearing of the joint assembly is preferably prevented that icing of the relatively moving components of the joint assembly can occur or occurs. Thus, the hinge assembly according to the invention is always functional even at low ambient temperatures. Of course, instead of a single radiator, which is incorporated in the hinge pin, also conceivable to use a plurality of radiators.
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Ausführung der Erfindung nicht auf die in den Figuren beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist, sondern auch in einer Vielzahl von Varianten möglich ist. Insbesondere ist denkbar, die erfindungsgemäße Gelenkanordnung als Knickgelenk in einer knickbaren Kupplungsanordnung zu verwenden, bei der die Kupplungsstange im entkuppelten Zustand mit Hilfe dieser Gelenkanordnung einknickbar ist. Auch ist denkbar, die erfindungsgemäße Gelenkanordnung in der Anlenkung einer Kupplungsanordnung, insbesondere einer Mittelpufferkupplung, zu verwenden.It should be noted that the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the figures, but is also possible in a plurality of variants. In particular, it is conceivable to use the joint arrangement according to the invention as an articulated joint in a bendable coupling arrangement in which the coupling rod can be bent in the uncoupled state with the aid of this joint arrangement. It is also conceivable to use the joint arrangement according to the invention in the articulation of a coupling arrangement, in particular a central buffer coupling.
Claims (14)
- A joint structure for a coupling, in particular an articulated coupling or a central buffer coupling, for the articulated connecting of two adjacent car bodies (100, 101) of a multi-membered vehicle having a first joint element (2), a second joint element (3) and a joint pin (4), wherein by means of the joint pin (4), the first and second joint elements (2, 3) interact in articulated manner around a common axis of rotation (21) defined by said joint pin (4), wherein the first joint element (2) comprises a first through-hole (6) and the second joint element (3) comprises a second through-hole (7) axially aligned with the first through-hole (6) configured in the first joint element (2), wherein the joint pin (4) passes through the first and second through-hole (6, 7), and wherein the joint structure furthermore comprises a bearing (8), in particular a spherical bearing, wherein said bearing (8) is secured in at least one of the through-holes (6, 7) of the joint elements (2, 3), and wherein the joint pin (4) passes through the bearing (8),
characterized in that
the joint structure further comprises a heater having at least one heating unit (5) inserted into a recess (18) of the joint pin (4) and covered to the outside. - The joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the recess (18) of the joint pin (4) is designed to fit exactly the width of the heating unit (5).
- The joint structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the recess (18) of the joint pin (4) is configured such that after the recess (18) has been completed, the heating unit (5) can be inserted into said recess (18) and detachably affixed to the joint pin (4).
- The joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the joint pin (4) is fixedly connected to one of the joint elements (2, 3) and interacts with the other joint element (2, 3) such that said other joint element (2, 3) is pivot-mounted around joint pin (4).
- The joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the joint pin (4) further comprises a head section (10) and a pin retainer (19) which interact in such a manner that the joint pin (4) is held in the area of the bearing (8) of the first and second joint element (2, 3).
- The joint structure according to claim 5, wherein the pin retainer (19) comprises a groove for a retaining ring.
- The joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the joint pin (4) is a cylindrical joint pin, and wherein the joint pin (4) exhibits differing cylindrical diameters in the area of the bearing (8) of the first and second articulated arms (2, 3), wherein the differing diameter to the joint pin (4) is selected such that the joint pin (4) is held in the area of the bearing (8) of the first and second joint elements (2, 3).
- The joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the joint pin (4) further comprises a relubricating mechanism (11) for the area of the bearing (8) of the first and second joint element (2, 3).
- The joint structure according to claim 8, wherein the relubricating mechanism (11) comprises a lubricant reservoir which contains lubricant and from which lubricant is dispensed into the area of the bearing (8) of the first and second joint element (2, 3).
- The joint structure according to claim 9, wherein the lubricant reservoir is arranged inside the joint pin (4) and refillable from the outside.
- Use of the joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims as a fork-eye joint structure in which one joint element (2, 3) exhibits a bearing eye and the other joint element (2, 3) exhibits a bearing fork, wherein the joint pin (4) provides the connection between the bearing eye and the bearing fork.
- Use of the joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10 as a fork-eye joint structure in which the first and second joint element (2, 3) each exhibits a bearing eye, wherein the joint pin (4) provides the connection between the respective bearing eyes.
- Use of the joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10 as an articulated joint in a foldable coupling.
- Use of the joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in a central buffer coupling linkage, wherein one of the two joint elements (2, 3) forms a part of a bearing block for the linkage and the other joint element (2, 3) forms a part of the coupling shank for the central buffer coupling.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20050013495 EP1736392B1 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2005-06-22 | Joint structure with heated joint pin |
NO20062541A NO333412B1 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2006-06-02 | Hinged joint with heated hinge bolt |
CA 2549765 CA2549765C (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2006-06-09 | Joint arrangement with heatable joint bolt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20050013495 EP1736392B1 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2005-06-22 | Joint structure with heated joint pin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1736392A1 EP1736392A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
EP1736392B1 true EP1736392B1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
Family
ID=35207905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20050013495 Not-in-force EP1736392B1 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2005-06-22 | Joint structure with heated joint pin |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1736392B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2549765C (en) |
NO (1) | NO333412B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU194167U1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-11-29 | Иванов Владимир Владимирович | Articulation unit of a freight car |
DE102019114236A1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Train coupling |
WO2020239374A1 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Traction coupling |
RU2777009C1 (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-01 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский центр транспортных технологий" (ООО "ВНИЦТТ") | Pivot connection node of cargo car |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3354836A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1967-11-28 | Midland Ross Corp | Articulated railway vehicle |
GB1176366A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1970-01-01 | Mo I I Inzh Zheleznodor Ozhnog | Coupling Device for Connecting Rolling-Stock Adjacent Sections with Common Bogie |
DE10144838A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-27 | Scharfenbergkupplung Gmbh & Co | Electrical heating for the coupling head of a middle buffer coupling |
DE10153460A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-22 | Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh | Railcar or wagon coupling offers lengthways maneuvrability via destructive buffer to guard against overloading of cars and coupling forks and bolt lashing. |
-
2005
- 2005-06-22 EP EP20050013495 patent/EP1736392B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2006
- 2006-06-02 NO NO20062541A patent/NO333412B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-06-09 CA CA 2549765 patent/CA2549765C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019114236A1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Train coupling |
WO2020239374A1 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Traction coupling |
DE102019114237A1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Train coupling |
RU194167U1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-11-29 | Иванов Владимир Владимирович | Articulation unit of a freight car |
RU2778087C1 (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-08-15 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Рейл1520 Ай Пи" (Ооо "Рейл1520 Ай Пи") | Hinge joint for freight cars (options) |
RU2777009C1 (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-01 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский центр транспортных технологий" (ООО "ВНИЦТТ") | Pivot connection node of cargo car |
RU2779330C1 (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-09-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский центр транспортных технологий" (ООО "ВНИЦТТ") | Article device for freight cars |
RU2779043C1 (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-31 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский центр транспортных технологий" (ООО "ВНИЦТТ") | Freight car joint hinge joint |
RU2823569C2 (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-07-24 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Рейл1520 Ай Пи" (Ооо "Рейл1520 Ай Пи") | Articulated joint of freight cars |
RU215640U1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-12-21 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Рейл1520 Ай Пи" (Ооо "Рейл1520 Ай Пи") | DEVICE FOR JOINTING SECTIONS OF A FREIGHT CAR |
RU215642U1 (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-21 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Рейл1520 Ай Пи" (Ооо "Рейл1520 Ай Пи") | HINGE ASSEMBLY OF CARGO CAR |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2549765A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 |
NO333412B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 |
EP1736392A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
CA2549765C (en) | 2013-10-08 |
NO20062541L (en) | 2006-12-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2335996B1 (en) | Central buffer coupling for a rail-guided vehicle | |
DE102008002524A1 (en) | Stabilizer for a commercial vehicle | |
WO2008015070A1 (en) | Coupling for rail vehicles | |
EP1736392B1 (en) | Joint structure with heated joint pin | |
EP2384914B1 (en) | Articulated vehicle, in particular rail vehicle | |
DE102014215881B4 (en) | Wheel suspension with a handlebar designed at least as part of a torsion bar stabilizer | |
EP2562062B1 (en) | Support device for vertical support of a coupling rod jointed to a vehicle subframe of a rail-bound vehicle | |
EP1894807B2 (en) | Bogie with improved space use | |
EP2167362B1 (en) | Vehicle with railcar bodies connected in an articulated manner | |
DE102008038059B4 (en) | Coupling for coupling two preferably rail-bound vehicle units | |
EP1928722B1 (en) | Vehicle comprising a pitch joint | |
DE4322910A1 (en) | Vehicle rear axle with steering connection bar - has rod-shaped coupling members capable of vertical and horizontal displacement | |
DE10101470B4 (en) | Pull and push device with coupling arm of central buffer couplings | |
DE3809664C1 (en) | ||
DE60318516T2 (en) | Connecting rod for a vehicle suspension | |
EP2525928B2 (en) | Strand guide segment for guiding and supporting a metallic strand in a continuous casting machine | |
DE102014220775B4 (en) | Rail vehicle in semi-trailer design | |
EP2061690B1 (en) | Mount for a wheelset link of a rail vehicle | |
DE102013109634A1 (en) | plow | |
EP3371029B1 (en) | Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body | |
DE102018118615B4 (en) | Relative guide device for a steering arrangement arranged on the wheel carrier side | |
DE102004012483B4 (en) | Coupling device for connecting a towing vehicle with a trailer | |
DE102018126594B4 (en) | Rear carrier arrangement for a motor vehicle | |
DE3209658C2 (en) | Universal joint | |
DE102016219201A1 (en) | Coupling device for supported on a common chassis car bodies of a rail vehicle |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060113 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR LV MK YU |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): CH EE FI LI SE |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8566 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): CH EE FI LI SE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: FELBER & PARTNER AG PATENTANWAELTE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20090119 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Payment date: 20140611 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Payment date: 20140611 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150622 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: EE Ref legal event code: MM4A Ref document number: E002114 Country of ref document: EE Effective date: 20150630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150630 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20160620 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20160620 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PCAR Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: DUFOURSTRASSE 116, 8008 ZUERICH (CH) |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170623 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170630 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170630 |