Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/12—Blades
  • F01D5/14—Form or construction
  • F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
  • F01D5/187—Convection cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
  • F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2240/00—Components
  • F05D2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
  • F05D2240/81—Cooled platforms

Definitions

• Rotary machines for example turbo or compressor stages of gas or steam turbine systems, generally have fixed guide vanes and rotating blades rotating about an axis of rotation for the targeted expansion or compression of gases or gas mixtures, which are usually exposed to high process temperatures and thus have to withstand high thermal loads.
• the thermal load it is in particular the rotor blades rotating about the axis of rotation that are additionally exposed to high mechanical loads caused by the centrifugal forces.
• a rotor blade designed in this way has a rotor blade-like structured rotor blade root for the purpose of fastening it on the rotor side, to which the rotor blade blade adjoins radially in the radial direction.
• the blade root is preferably interspersed with a plurality of radially oriented cooling channels, which for effective cooling of the blade extend inwardly through the entire extent of the blade leaf.
• Cooling air feed ducts provided on the rotor side are used for the cooling air feed, through which cooling air is fed into the cooling ducts radially passing through the blade root.
• Such a cooling air supply system therefore requires a rotor having a plurality of radially oriented cooling air channels, the individual cooling channels of which must be brought into exact alignment with the radial cooling channels provided in the blade root by appropriate positioning of the individual rotor blades. Even the slightest misalignment between the blade root and the rotor unit can have a lasting effect on effective cooling of the blade, which considerably reduces the lifespan of the blade.
• the invention is intended to remedy this, so that the object of the invention is to optimize the distribution of cooling air to the individual radially oriented cooling channels within a moving blade. Also, the measures to be taken for this purpose should not cause any costly manufacturing or assembly steps and should have robust properties which can withstand the high requirements with regard to thermal and mechanical stress within such components rotating about an axis of rotation.
• a device for the internal application of cooling air to a component rotating about an axis of rotation in particular a rotor blade in a rotary machine, such as a gas turbine system, with a component foot that can be fastened in a rotationally fixed manner to a rotor unit, to which a component sheet adjoins radially extending in one piece, in which At least one radially extending cooling channel area is provided, which opens in the area of the component foot via an opening in a cooling air supply channel at least partially penetrating the component foot along the axis of rotation, further developed such that a distribution plate is provided in the area of the cooling air supply channel in such a way that the distribution plate a fluid-tight connection is established with an opening edge surrounding the opening of the cooling channel region, at least during the rotation of the component about the axis of rotation. Furthermore, in the area of the opening of the at least one cooling channel area, the distribution plate provides at least one passage opening through which cooling air from the axial cooling air supply channel reaches the
• the distribution plate which is preferably made of temperature-resistant flat material, foresees along its extent corresponding to the radially extending cooling channel regions, through openings, each with opening diameters through which the volume flow of cooling air that reaches the individual cooling channel regions can be predetermined.
• the distribution plate it is thus possible to divide previously calculated volume fractions of cooling air, which are adapted to the respective rotating rotor blade, over the individual cooling channel regions which extend radially towards the rotor blade blade.
• Such an exact division of the cooling air flow is not possible due to the manufacturing tolerances inevitably associated with the casting process, with the exclusive use of flow settings produced by casting.
• cooling channel regions which penetrate the rotor blade radially in the radial direction and which are arranged separated from one another by intermediate walls.
• the intermediate walls In the area of the cooling air supply duct, which extends axially in the blade root, the intermediate walls each open out via an opening edge oriented towards the cooling air supply duct, which surrounds the opening of the respective cooling duct region that extends radially. With this opening edge, it is important, at least in the state of rotation, to create a fluid-tight connection to the distribution plate in order to completely rule out possible leakage flows between the distribution plate and the opening edge.
• the distribution plate advantageously lies loosely between the shoulder elements and the at least one opening edge, so that the distribution plate is pressed radially outwards against the opening edge by the centrifugal forces generated by the rotations and enters into the desired fluid-tight connection with the latter, whereby any axial directed leakage flows between the distribution plate and the opening edge are effectively prevented.
• this fitting process can also be supported in that the distributor plate has locally limited material weakenings, for example in the form of mechanical notches or cracks. Such weakening of the material can also be generated by deliberately changing the microstructure in the distribution plate. Such points of reduced strength are arranged distributed along the distribution plate, preferably in areas near the opening edges where a fluid-tight connection has to be established.
• the distribution plate fixed at least at one end at one end or at both ends with the inner microstructure of the blade root in the area of the cooling air supply duct, for example by means of a soldered or welded connection.
• the joints required for this are easily accessible axially through the cooling air supply duct for assembly purposes, so that the assembly effort required for this is not significantly increased.
• the cooling air supply duct which extends axially completely through the rotor blade root is designed to be open on both sides with respect to the rotor blade root, it is necessary to close an opening on the axial side in a fluid-tight manner.
• a simplest embodiment provides for an end closure of the cooling air supply duct by appropriately bending an end region of the distribution plate, the distribution plate at least in the region of its plate section bent over at the end with the inner wall of the
• the cooling air supply duct is to be welded or soldered.
• a fixation in this regard could have a disadvantageous effect on the required fluid-tight connection between the distribution plate and the at least one opening edge, which is established at least in the state of rotation, so that a further preferred embodiment provides a separate end plate instead of a fixed disposition of the distribution plate in the region of the bent distribution plate section , which closes the cooling air supply duct axially fluid-tight on one side.
• FIG.4 a-d views of alternative trained distribution plates as well
• FIG. 5 Alternative distribution plate within a blade root. WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION, INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
• FIG. 1 shows the cross section through a rotor blade 1 which is arranged so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 2 of a rotor unit integrated in a gas turbine arrangement.
• the rotor blade 1 has a rotor blade root 3, which can be non-positively connected to the rotor unit (not shown) via an appropriately designed joining contour (fir tree structure - not shown).
• Radially to the rotor blade root 3 is the rotor blade blade 4, in the interior of which cooling channel regions K1 to K4 are provided.
• Cooling air supply duct 5 oriented parallel to the axis of rotation 2, which initially extends through the entire axial width of the blade root 3.
• shoulder elements 6 are provided, which are worked out from the casting material from which the remaining blade material consists, by way of the casting process with which the entire rotor blade 1 can be produced.
• the shoulder elements 6 have upper surface sections 61, which are located on the radial side so-called opening edges 71 slightly spaced from each other.
• the opening edges 71 surround openings 7 which face the cooling supply duct 5 and to which the cooling duct regions K1 and K2 are connected on the radial side and are each delimited by cooling duct region walls 72.
• the cooling duct regions K1 to K4 provided in the rotor blade blade can also be produced by the casting process by providing a suitably modeled displacement core, which serves as a placeholder for the respective cavities and is introduced into the mold during the casting process.
• a distribution plate 8 is provided for the flow guidance but in particular for dimensioning the flow of the cooling air flow passing through the cooling duct areas K1, K2, K3 and K4, in which appropriately positioned and dimensioned passage openings 81 are introduced.
• the passage openings 81 are correspondingly provided in the opening area of the openings 7.
• the cooling air supply flow supplied axially via the cooling air supply duct 5 is targeted into the Feed cooling channel areas K1 and K2.
• the passage openings 81 provided in the opening area of the cooling channel area K1 enable a cooling air flow on the radial side through the cooling channel K1, which provides an outlet opening A on the upper flank of the rotor blade blade 4, through which the cooling air escapes into the hot gas channel H.
• the cooling air entering the cooling channel area K2 via the passage openings 81 is largely diverted into the cooling channel area K3 by corresponding flow guide means 9, to which the cooling channel area K4 is connected in the flow direction (see flow arrows).
• the distribution plate 8 ensures that the cooling air flow flowing downward in the cooling channel area K3 is deflected as a whole into the cooling channel area K4 which extends upwards on the radial side.
• the distribution plate 8 conforms to the corresponding opening edges 71 and the edge contour 10 in a gas-tight or fluid-tight manner.
• the distribution plate 8 In order to ensure this, the distribution plate 8 must be dimensioned and selected with regard to its plate material such that it is pressed firmly against the corresponding opening edges 71 and the edge contour 10 in a fluid-tight manner by the centrifugal forces caused by the rotation about the axis of rotation 2.
• the distribution plate 8 lies loosely in the inlet slot 11 delimited between the surface sections 61 of the shoulder elements 6 and the opening edges 71 and the edge contour 10 (see FIG. 2).
• a closing plate 12 which is fixed to the blade root 3 by means of a welded or soldered connection, ensures a gas-tight closure of the cooling air supply duct 5 on one side.
• FIG. 2 shows a detailed representation of the distribution plate 8 which is introduced into the axially extending cooling air supply duct 5.
• the shoulder elements 6 present in the interior of the cooling air supply duct 5 and the individual cooling duct regions K1 to K4, ie the cooling duct region walls 72 with the corresponding opening edges 71, get in the way of the casting process.
• the opening edges 71 enclose with the surface sections 61 of the shoulder elements 6 an insertion slot 11, along which the distribution plate 8, which is flat in the initial state, can be inserted axially.
• an end plate 12 is inserted into the inlet opening on the left in FIG. 2 into the cooling air supply duct 5 and welded to the rotor blade root 3 in edge regions or soldered. Due to the one-sided, gas-tight closure of the cooling air supply channel 5, the cooling air supply flow S entering the cooling air supply channel 5 from the right side experiences a blocking effect which forms within the cooling air supply channel 5, as a result of which the cooling air supply flow S is driven through the passage openings 81 provided in the distribution plate 8.
• the size and arrangement of the individual passage openings 81 define the volume flow of the cooling air flow entering the respective cooling duct areas K1 and K2. Due to the fluid-tight, intimate connection between the distribution plate 8 and the edge areas 71 that surrounds the respective openings 7 of the cooling channel areas K1 and K2, any leakage currents that could form between the distribution plate 8 and the edge areas 71 are prevented. In this way it is ensured that the cooling air flow is conducted without losses exclusively along the cooling duct regions K1 to K4 provided in the interior of the rotor blade blade.
• FIG. 3 shows a further detailed illustration of the end plate 12 which is welded in a fluid-tight manner to the axial end region of the cooling air supply duct 5.
• the end plate 12 is seated in a correspondingly contoured recess 13 within the blade root 3 and is welded to it in a fluid-tight manner.
• the Distribution plate 8 rests loosely on the shoulder element 6 within the insertion slot 11. Only in the way of rotation and the centrifugal forces thus generated is the distribution plate 8 raised radially and thus comes into contact with the edge contour 10 with which it enters into a correspondingly fluid-tight connection. In this way it is avoided that cooling air at this point can return from the cooling channel area K4 into the cooling air supply channel 5.
• FIGS. 4 a-d each show two different designs for a distribution plate 8.
• Figures 4a and b show a top and side view of a first distribution plate 8, the geometric dimensions of which are adapted to the insertion slot 11 described above.
• the distributor plate 8 is made of a heat-resistant flat material and is initially flat on one side for assembly purposes (see FIG. 4a). Furthermore, the distribution plate 8 has through openings 81, the arrangement, shape and size of which determines the cooling air volume which is conveyed through the cooling duct regions K1 to K4.
• the distributor plate 8 which is flat on one side, between the opening edges 71 and the surface sections 61 of the shoulder elements 6, and after complete insertion into the cooling air supply duct 5, to bend it appropriately at an end section 82 or 83 in the manner described above. See the side view in Figure 4b.
• the dimensions of the distribution plate 8 and the material are selected such that at least local deflections can occur on the distribution plate 8 in the region of the opening edges 71, so that the distribution plate 8 can establish a fluid-tight connection with the opening edges 71.
• the measures described above are used for the preferred loose mounting of the distribution plate 8 within the cooling supply channel 5, the distribution plate 8 being spatially fixed only within the slide-in plug 11 on the one hand by the shoulder elements 6 and on the other hand by the opening edges 71 or the edge contour 10. Assembly-consuming welding processes can be completely avoided in this way, but can be provided locally if necessary.
• FIG. 5 shows a partial cross section through the foot region 3 of a moving blade 1 which is designed in accordance with the above statements.
• a single cooling duct region K1 is provided, into which cooling air from the cooling air supply duct 5 is to be deliberately displayed. This follows via correspondingly provided passage openings in the axially inserted distribution plate 8, which has notches 14 which improve the bending capacity at suitable points along the distribution plate 8.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
• Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=34965257

Family Applications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-29 ES ES05717155T patent/ES2337800T3/es active Active
  • 2005-03-29 DE DE502005008673T patent/DE502005008673D1/de active Active
  • 2005-03-29 AT AT05717155T patent/ATE451541T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-03-29 WO PCT/EP2005/051411 patent/WO2005095761A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-03-29 EP EP05717155A patent/EP1730389B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2005-03-29 AU AU2005229202A patent/AU2005229202B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2005-03-29 MY MYPI20051388A patent/MY140195A/en unknown
• 2006
  • 2006-09-28 US US11/528,257 patent/US7524168B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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