EP1728916A1 - Carrier means with a connection capable of absorbing shear forces for connecting several cables - Google Patents

Carrier means with a connection capable of absorbing shear forces for connecting several cables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1728916A1
EP1728916A1 EP06114619A EP06114619A EP1728916A1 EP 1728916 A1 EP1728916 A1 EP 1728916A1 EP 06114619 A EP06114619 A EP 06114619A EP 06114619 A EP06114619 A EP 06114619A EP 1728916 A1 EP1728916 A1 EP 1728916A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cables
webs
longitudinal direction
support means
strands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06114619A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1728916B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Weinberger
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Priority to EP06114619A priority Critical patent/EP1728916B1/en
Publication of EP1728916A1 publication Critical patent/EP1728916A1/en
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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1004General structure or appearance
    • D07B2201/1008Several parallel ropes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2084Jackets or coverings characterised by their shape
    • D07B2201/2086Jackets or coverings characterised by their shape concerning the external shape
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2005Elongation or elasticity
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00Application field
    • D07B2501/20Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a suspension element for use in an elevator installation with a plurality of cables extending at a distance from one another and a cable sheath according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Running ropes are an important, heavily used machine element in conveyor technology, especially in elevators, in crane construction and in mining. Particularly complex is the stress of driven ropes, as used for example in elevator construction.
  • High-strength synthetic fiber ropes for example made of aromatic Polyamides, especially aramids, fulfill these requirements better than steel cables.
  • the synthetic fiber rope comprises two parallel ropes, which are connected to each other via a cable sheath.
  • the synthetic fiber rope according to EP 1 061 172 A2 achieves a longitudinal strength substantially by the properties of the two parallel ropes.
  • the cable sheath prevents twisting and changes in the The rope structure.
  • the cable sheath serves as insulation (protective effect) and it has a high coefficient of friction.
  • a weak point can, depending on the application and field of application of the web of such a synthetic fiber rope according EP 1 061 172 A2 be.
  • the suspension means with two or more ropes have disadvantages if they are moved when circulating around a traction sheave so that the individual ropes run on tracks of different radius. Because of the differences in radius, the ropes are moved at different speeds by the traction on the traction sheave. The web part of the cable sheath is thereby exposed to a shear stress. Due to the shearing action, the web area of the cable sheath can be damaged, especially if it involves dynamically occurring shearing forces.
  • the invention aims to further improve the known suspension means comprising two or more cables in order, inter alia, to avoid web breakage. This is especially true for suspension means comprising synthetic fiber ropes.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the mentioned problems can not be solved by stiffening the web area. Although the immediate effects of the shear forces can be prevented, but in this case, the faster rotating rope rips the other rope with it and it causes slippage, which causes increased abrasion.
  • a first support means 10 for use in an elevator installation is shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
  • the suspension element 10 comprises at least two cables 11.1 and 11.2.
  • These cables 11.1 and 11.2 include, for example, synthetic fiber strands 12, which are designed for the absorption of force in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the ropes 11.1 and 11.2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 with a distance A1 (center-center) parallel to each other.
  • A1 center-center
  • the cable sheath 13 the ropes 11.1, 11.2 are rotationally connected to each other.
  • the cable sheath 13 forms a parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 extending transition region 14 between the two cables 11.1, 11.2.
  • the transition region 14 of the cable sheath 13, which lies between the cables 11.1, 11.2, is provided with openings 14.2 and webs 14.1.
  • the webs 14.1 are designed so that they allow a relative movement of the cables 11.1, 11.2 to each other in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the cable sheath 13 is a common cable sheath which encloses the first cable 11.1 and the second cable 11.2.
  • the cable sheath 13 passes in the transition region 14 said webs 14.1, the ultimately serve as the only connections between two adjacent ropes 11.1 and 11.2.
  • At least two cables are connected to each other, but not by a rigid connection.
  • the connection between adjacent ropes 11.1, 11.2 of the inventive support means 10 is provided via the webs 14.1, on the one hand allow transmission of torsional moments of a rope 11.1 to the adjacent cable 11.2, but on the other hand in the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10, a displacement of the cables 11.1 , 11.2 relative to each other.
  • the webs 14.1 are designed so that they allow the relative displacement at least in certain lengths of the support means 10 without, however, breaking or tearing.
  • the first embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which are arched outwards in the end regions.
  • the webs 14.1 are dumbbell-shaped in the plan view shown in FIG. 1B. The webs 14.1 thus have seen in the longitudinal direction boundaries that enter concave in the web.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show further suspension elements 10 according to the invention, each with two cables 11.1, 11.2.
  • the suspension elements 10 like the suspension elements 10 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, are designed for use in an elevator installation.
  • the support means 10 comprise two cables 11.1, 11.2, wherein each of the cables 11.1, 11.2 comprises a plurality of strands 12.
  • the cables 11.1, 11.2 are designed to absorb power in the longitudinal direction L, wherein the cables 11.1, 11.2 along the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 are arranged at a distance A1 to each other and connected by a common cable sheath 13.
  • the cable sheath 13 forms a transition region 14 between two ropes 11.1, 11.2.
  • the transition region 14 of the cable sheath 13, which lies between the cables 11.1, 11.2, is provided with openings 14.2 and webs 14.1, wherein also in the embodiments shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the webs 14.1 are designed so that they have a relative movement the ropes 11.1, 11.2 allow each other in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the second embodiment of the support means 10 shown in Fig. 2 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and in the end regions. That is, the openings 14.2 are substantially rectangular in the plan view shown in FIG.
  • the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 2 are rectangular or cuboid.
  • the third embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIG. 3 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which run obliquely in the end regions. That is, the openings 14.2 are approximately diamond-shaped in the plan view shown in FIG.
  • the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 3 are also diamond-shaped with obliquely running edges.
  • the fourth embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIG. 4 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which are concave in the end regions.
  • the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 4 are arched outwards on both sides, ie convexly.
  • the described principle can be transferred to an ensemble of three or more ropes.
  • the strands 12 of the cables are each stranded in such a way that at least two of the cables of the suspension element 10 build up opposite (compensating) self-torsional moments under a tensile stress.
  • the strands 12 of each of these cables are each stranded in parallel (with the same sense of rotation), while the strands of different cables 11.1 and 11.2 are twisted in opposite directions of rotation.
  • the webs 14.1 are an integral part of the shell 13. In this case, they can be manufactured together with the shell 13 in a single production step (with extrusion or vulcanization depending on the material).
  • the webs 14.1 can either be generated in the manufacture of the shell 13, or they can be formed in a subsequent step (for example by punching).
  • An optimization parameter is the elasticity of the webs 14.1. By optimizing the elasticity, relative displacements of the cables are permitted and the interfering shear stresses in the transitional region 14 between adjacent cables 11.1, 11.2 can be reduced.
  • the length ratios between webs 14.1 and openings 14.2 are selected so that the webs 14.1 of elastic material under shear forces in the longitudinal direction (L) of the cables in a first approximation function in an articulated manner, i. the webs 14.1 can essentially absorb only forces in the transverse direction to the ropes 11.1 and 11.2.
  • Such articulated webs 14.1 can therefore with small relative displacements of the cables 11.1 and 11.2 record no significant forces in the longitudinal direction (L) and thus avoid the occurrence of different cable speeds of the adjacent cables 11.1 and 11.2, as they arise at tread differences of traction sheaves, large shear forces in the transition region of the cable sheath 13, which can lead to material failure in said area.
  • These shearing forces result in shear stresses that are in the low two-digit percentage range of shear strength of the sheath material.
  • a suitable material for the manufacture of the cable sheath 13 is polyurethane.
  • Two commercially available polyurethane plastics which are suitable for use as a cable sheath 13 are Elastollan 1185 and Elastollan 1180, which differ slightly.
  • Elastollan is a registered trademark of BASF.
  • This example shows that the webs 14.1 absorb only small shear forces and the resulting shear stress are well below the shear strength of the above-mentioned polyurethane. The shear stresses reach about 15% of the shear strength.
  • shear forces of 24.3 N and shear stresses of 2.4 MPa result under the same conditions as above.
  • the shear stresses reach about 11% of the shear strength.
  • Elastomers have an elongation at break of several 100%, which can be up to 800%. However, care should be taken to avoid stretching of 25% or more, otherwise first slight irreversible deformations can occur.
  • the longitudinal displacements s of 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 mm of the cables 11.1, 11.2 shown above by way of example correspond to strains of 20% and less. From this it follows that relative displacements of the cables 11.1, 11.2 in the sub-millimeter range do not lead to any inadmissible material loads on the webs 14.1.
  • support means 10 with synthetic fiber ropes.
  • Particularly suitable are metallic, synthetic and / or organic strands 12, or a combination of said materials.
  • ropes 11.1, 11.2, which are made by twisting two or more stages of strands 12.
  • Ropes 11.1, 11.2 are shown in FIGS. 1A, which comprise three layers 12.2, 12.3, 12.4 with strands and a central strand 12.1. But this is just one example of the structure of the ropes 11.1, 11.2.
  • rope yarns of aramid fibers can be stranded together.
  • the entire outer circumference of the cables 11.1, 11.2 is enveloped by a common cable sheath 13 made of plastic material.
  • the cable sheath 13 may be synthetic and / or organic Materials include.
  • the following materials are particularly suitable as a cable sheath: rubber, polyurethane, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride or polyamide.
  • the respective elastically deformable plastic material is preferably sprayed or extruded onto the cables 11.1, 11.2 and then compressed thereon. As a result, the sheath material penetrates from outside into all interspaces between the strands 12 on the outer circumference and fills them.
  • the thus created binding of the cable sheath 13 to the strands 12 is so strong that only slight relative movements between the strands 12 of the cables 11.1, 11.2 and the cable sheath 13 occur.
  • short fiber pieces for example glass fibers, aramid fibers or the like
  • a woven mat serving as reinforcement may be embedded in the region of the webs 14.1.
  • the support means 10 shown in the figures are particularly suitable for driving through a pulley, wherein the power transmission between the pulley and the support means 10 is effected substantially by friction.
  • the two or more cables 11.1, 11.2 are interconnected according to the invention in such a way that the torsional moment of one cable 11.1 is transmitted to the other cable 11.2 and vice versa. This compensates for the torsional moments.
  • the total torsional moment of the support means 10 is equal to zero for an even number of ropes and symmetrical construction.
  • the ropes of the suspension element 10 according to the invention not by a single, over the entire length of the support means 10 extending transition region but by a number of webs 14.1 (plurality of cross connections) connected to each other. These cross connections are relatively stiff against forces transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10, but are designed to be sufficiently narrow with respect to the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10.
  • the cross connections in the inventive support means 10 in the longitudinal direction L are much less stiff.
  • the cross connections of the cables are relatively easily elastically deformable by shear forces in the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10 (in contrast to the prior art).
  • the two cables 11.1, 11.2 of the suspension element 10 can therefore be easily displaced relative to one another in the longitudinal direction L by shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the two cables 11.1, 11.2 accommodate different sized strains in the longitudinal direction L, without damaging the cross connections.
  • the embodiments according to the invention allow fractures or weakenings in the transition region 14 to be avoided by shearing movements being implemented in longitudinal displacements parallel to the longitudinal axis L. As a result, damage to the transition region 14 and at the same time the abrasion on conventional suspension means with two or more cables can be reduced.
  • the twins, triplets, or multiple ropes according to the invention can easily run radius differences Traction sheaves compensate when the cables of the suspension element 10 move on a traction sheave along circular paths of different radius and therefore at different speeds on the circumference of the traction sheave.

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  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

A haulage cable consists of two cables made of opposite = twisted strands (12) in a sheath (13) that links them by ribs (14.1). = The ribs allow elastic shear deformation with little resistance to = provide relative movement of the cables in the longitudinal direction = (L). The ribs (14.1) have openings (14.2) and during the relative = movement preferably carry no more than 10 % of the ultimate shear = strength with a 5 % extension.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Tragmittel zur Verwendung in einer Aufzugsanlage mit mehreren in einem Abstand zueinander verlaufenden Seilen und einem Seilmantel nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a suspension element for use in an elevator installation with a plurality of cables extending at a distance from one another and a cable sheath according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Laufende Seile sind in der Fördertechnik, insbesondere bei Aufzügen, im Kranbau und im Bergbau, ein wichtiges, stark beanspruchtes Maschinenelement. Besonders vielschichtig ist die Beanspruchung von getriebenen Seilen, wie sie beispielsweise im Aufzugsbau verwendet werden.Running ropes are an important, heavily used machine element in conveyor technology, especially in elevators, in crane construction and in mining. Particularly complex is the stress of driven ropes, as used for example in elevator construction.

Bei herkömmlichen Aufzugsanlagen sind Aufzugskabine und Gegengewicht über mehrere Stahllitzenseile miteinander verbunden. Die Seile laufen über eine Treibscheibe, die von einem Antriebsmotor angetrieben ist. Das Antriebsmoment wird unter Reibschluss dem jeweils über den Umschlingungswinkel auf der Treibscheibe aufliegenden Seilabschnitt aufgeprägt. Dabei erfahren die Seile Zug-, Biege-, Druck- und Torsionsspannungen. Die durch die Biegung über die Seilscheibe entstehenden Relativbewegungen verursachen innerhalb des Seilgefüges Reibung, die sich auf den Seilverschleiss negativ auswirken können. Je nach Seilkonstruktion, Biegeradius, Rillenprofil und Seilsicherheitsfaktor haben die entstehenden Primär- und Sekundärspannungen negativen Einfluss auf den Seilzustand.In conventional elevator systems elevator car and counterweight are connected to each other via several steel strand ropes. The ropes run over a traction sheave which is driven by a drive motor. The drive torque is impressed under frictional engagement with the respective rope section resting on the traction sheave over the wrap angle. The cables experience tensile, bending, compressive and torsional stresses. The relative movements caused by the bending over the sheave cause friction within the rope structure, which can have a negative effect on the rope wear. Depending on the rope construction, bending radius, groove profile and rope safety factor, the resulting primary and secondary stresses have a negative influence on the rope condition.

Neben den Festigkeitsanforderungen besteht bei Aufzugsanlagen aus energetischen Gründen ferner die Forderung nach möglichst kleinen Massen. Hochfeste Kunstfaserseile, beispielsweise aus aromatischen Polyamiden, insbesondere Aramiden, erfüllen diese Anforderungen besser als Stahlseile.In addition to the strength requirements for elevator systems for energy reasons also demand for the smallest possible masses. High-strength synthetic fiber ropes, for example made of aromatic Polyamides, especially aramids, fulfill these requirements better than steel cables.

Aus Aramidfasern aufgebaute Seile weisen bei gleichem Querschnitt und gleicher Tragfähigkeit im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Stahlseilen nur ein Viertel bis Fünftel des spezifischen Seilgewichts auf. Im Gegensatz zu Stahl hat die Aramidfaser jedoch eine wesentlich geringere Querfestigkeit in Relation zur Längstragfähigkeit.Ropes constructed from aramid fibers, with the same cross-section and same load-bearing capacity, have only a quarter to one-fifth of the specific rope weight in comparison to conventional steel cables. In contrast to steel, however, the aramid fiber has a significantly lower transverse strength in relation to the longitudinal load capacity.

Um die Aramidfasern folglich beim Lauf über die Treibscheibe möglichst geringen Querspannungen auszusetzen, wird beispielsweise in der EP 0 672 781 A1 ein als Treibseil geeignetes parallel gedrehtes Aramidfaserlitzenseil vorgeschlagen. Das daraus bekannte Aramidseil bietet hinsichtlich Lebensdauer, hoher Abriebfestigkeit und Biegewechselfestigkeit sehr zufriedenstellende Werte; allerdings besteht bei ungünstigen Umständen die Möglichkeit, dass bei parallel verseilten Aramidseilen partielle Seilaufdrehungserscheinungen auftreten, die das ursprüngliche Seilgefüge nachhaltig in ihrer Balance stören. Diese Verdrehungserscheinungen und die Veränderungen des Seilgefüges können zum Beispiel mit einem Kunstfaserseil gemäss der Europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 1 061 172 A2 vermieden werden. Zu diesem Zweck umfasst das Kunstfaserseil zwei parallel verlaufenden Seile, die über einen Seilmantel miteinander verbunden sind. Das Kunstfaserseil gemäss EP 1 061 172 A2 erzielt eine Längsfestigkeit im Wesentlichen durch die Eigenschaften der beiden parallel verlaufenden Seile. Der Seilmantel hingegen verhindert Verdrehungserscheinungen und Veränderungen des Seilgefüges. Ausserdem dient der Seilmantel als Isolation (Schutzwirkung) und er weist einen hohen Reibwert auf.
Eine Schwachstelle kann je nach Anwendungs- und Einsatzgebiet der Steg eines solchen Kunstfaserseiles gemäss EP 1 061 172 A2 sein.
In order to expose the aramid fibers consequently when running over the traction sheave as low as possible transverse strains, is for example in the EP 0 672 781 A1 proposed as a suitable parallel rope strand Aramidfaserlitzenseil. The aramid rope known from it offers very satisfactory values in terms of service life, high abrasion resistance and flexural fatigue strength; However, in unfavorable circumstances there is the possibility that partially stranded aramid ropes occur in parallel stranded aramid ropes, which disturb the original rope structure sustainably in their balance. These twisting phenomena and the changes in the rope structure can be made, for example, with a synthetic fiber rope according to the European Patent Application EP 1 061 172 A2 be avoided. For this purpose, the synthetic fiber rope comprises two parallel ropes, which are connected to each other via a cable sheath. The synthetic fiber rope according to EP 1 061 172 A2 achieves a longitudinal strength substantially by the properties of the two parallel ropes. The cable sheath, however, prevents twisting and changes in the The rope structure. In addition, the cable sheath serves as insulation (protective effect) and it has a high coefficient of friction.
A weak point can, depending on the application and field of application of the web of such a synthetic fiber rope according EP 1 061 172 A2 be.

Die Tragmittel mit zwei und mehr Seilen haben Nachteile, falls sie beim Umlaufen um eine Treibscheibe so bewegt werden, dass die einzelnen Seile auf Bahnen mit unterschiedlichem Radius laufen. Wegen der Radiusunterschiede werden die Seile durch die Traktion an der Treibscheibe unterschiedlich schnell bewegt. Der Stegteil des Seilmantels wird dadurch einer Scherspannung ausgesetzt. Durch die Scherwirkung kann der Stegbereich des Seilmantels beschädigt werden, vor allem wenn es sich um dynamisch auftretende Scherkräfte handelt.The suspension means with two or more ropes have disadvantages if they are moved when circulating around a traction sheave so that the individual ropes run on tracks of different radius. Because of the differences in radius, the ropes are moved at different speeds by the traction on the traction sheave. The web part of the cable sheath is thereby exposed to a shear stress. Due to the shearing action, the web area of the cable sheath can be damaged, especially if it involves dynamically occurring shearing forces.

Die Erfindung verfolgt das Ziel, die bekannten Tragmittel, die zwei oder mehr Seile umfassen, weiter zu verbessern, um unter anderem einen Stegbruch zu vermeiden. Dies gilt insbesondere für Tragmittel, die Kunstfaserseile umfassen.The invention aims to further improve the known suspension means comprising two or more cables in order, inter alia, to avoid web breakage. This is especially true for suspension means comprising synthetic fiber ropes.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der Erkenntnis, dass die genannten Probleme nicht in den Griff zu bekommen sind, in dem man den Stegbereich versteift. So können zwar die unmittelbaren Auswirkungen der Scherkräfte verhindert werden, aber in diesem Fall reisst das schneller umlaufende Seil das andere Seil mit und es kommt zu Schlupf, der verstärkten Abrieb verursacht.The invention is based on the recognition that the mentioned problems can not be solved by stiffening the web area. Although the immediate effects of the shear forces can be prevented, but in this case, the faster rotating rope rips the other rope with it and it causes slippage, which causes increased abrasion.

Dieses Ziel wird erfindungsgemäss durch ein Tragmittel mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen erreicht. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten zweckmässige und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und/oder Ausführungen der durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gegebenen Erfindung.This object is achieved according to the invention by a suspension with the features specified in claim 1. The dependent claims contain expedient and advantageous developments and / or embodiments of the given by the features of claim 1 invention.

Die Erfindung ist im Folgenden anhand in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele ausführlich beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1A
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten erfindungsgemässen Tragmittels mit zwei Seilen;
Fig. 1B
eine Draufsicht des Tragmittels nach Fig. 1A;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Tragmittels mit zwei Seilen und rechteckförmigen Stegen;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht einer dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Tragmittels mit zwei Seilen und rautenförmigen Stegen mit schräg verlaufenden Kanten; und
Fig. 4
eine Draufsicht einer vierten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Tragmittels mit zwei Seilen und konvex geformten Stegen.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1A
a perspective view of a first inventive support means with two ropes;
Fig. 1B
a plan view of the support means of Fig. 1A;
Fig. 2
a plan view of a second embodiment of the inventive support means with two cables and rectangular webs;
Fig. 3
a plan view of a third embodiment of the inventive support means with two ropes and diamond-shaped webs with inclined edges; and
Fig. 4
a plan view of a fourth embodiment of the inventive support means with two cables and convex-shaped webs.

Gleiche, beziehungsweise gleich wirkende, konstruktive Elemente sind in allen Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, auch wenn sie in Einzelheiten nicht gleich ausgeführt sind. Die Figuren sind nicht massstäblich.The same, or the same effect, constructive elements are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals, even if they are not executed in detail the same. The figures are not to scale.

Ein erstes Tragmittel 10 zur Verwendung in einer Aufzugsanlage ist in Fig. 1A und Fig. 1B gezeigt. Das Tragmittel 10 umfasst mindestens zwei Seile 11.1 und 11.2. Diese Seile 11.1 und 11.2 umfassen zum Beispiel Kunstfaserlitzen 12, die zur Kraftaufnahme in Längsrichtung L ausgelegt sind. Die Seile 11.1 und 11.2 sind entlang der Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10 mit einem Abstand A1 (Mitte-Mitte) parallel zueinander angeordnet. Durch einen Seilmantel 13 sind die Seile 11.1, 11.2 verdrehfest miteinander verbunden. Der Seilmantel 13 bildet einen parallel zu der Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10 verlaufenden Übergangsbereich 14 zwischen den beiden Seilen 11.1, 11.2.A first support means 10 for use in an elevator installation is shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. The suspension element 10 comprises at least two cables 11.1 and 11.2. These cables 11.1 and 11.2 include, for example, synthetic fiber strands 12, which are designed for the absorption of force in the longitudinal direction L. The ropes 11.1 and 11.2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 with a distance A1 (center-center) parallel to each other. By a cable sheath 13, the ropes 11.1, 11.2 are rotationally connected to each other. The cable sheath 13 forms a parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 extending transition region 14 between the two cables 11.1, 11.2.

Gemäss Erfindung ist der Übergangsbereich 14 des Seilmantels 13, der zwischen den Seilen 11.1, 11.2 liegt, mit Öffnungen 14.2 und Stegen 14.1 versehen. Die Stege 14.1 sind so ausgeführt, dass sie eine Relativbewegung der Seile 11.1, 11.2 zueinander in Längsrichtung L ermöglichen.According to the invention, the transition region 14 of the cable sheath 13, which lies between the cables 11.1, 11.2, is provided with openings 14.2 and webs 14.1. The webs 14.1 are designed so that they allow a relative movement of the cables 11.1, 11.2 to each other in the longitudinal direction L.

Anhand der Figuren 1A und 1B ist zu erkennen wie dieser der Übergangsbereich 14 im Fall der ersten Ausführungsform ausgelegt ist. Der Seilmantel 13 ist ein gemeinsamer Seilmantel, der das erste Seil 11.1 und das zweite Seil 11.2 umschliesst. Der Seilmantel 13 geht im Übergangsbereich 14 die besagten Stege 14.1 über, die letztendlich als einzigen Verbindungen zwischen zwei benachbarten Seilen 11.1 und 11.2 dienen.It can be seen from FIGS. 1A and 1B how the transition region 14 is designed in the case of the first embodiment. The cable sheath 13 is a common cable sheath which encloses the first cable 11.1 and the second cable 11.2. The cable sheath 13 passes in the transition region 14 said webs 14.1, the ultimately serve as the only connections between two adjacent ropes 11.1 and 11.2.

Gemäss der Erfindung sind also mindestens zwei Seile miteinander verbunden, aber nicht durch eine starre Verbindung. Die Verbindung zwischen benachbarten Seilen 11.1, 11.2 des erfindungsgemässen Tragmittels 10 wird über die Stege 14.1 geschaffen, die einerseits eine Übertragung von Torsionsmomenten von einem Seil 11.1 auf das benachbarte Seil 11.2 ermöglichen, andererseits aber in der Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10 eine Verlagerung der Seile 11.1, 11.2 relativ zueinander ermöglichen.According to the invention, at least two cables are connected to each other, but not by a rigid connection. The connection between adjacent ropes 11.1, 11.2 of the inventive support means 10 is provided via the webs 14.1, on the one hand allow transmission of torsional moments of a rope 11.1 to the adjacent cable 11.2, but on the other hand in the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10, a displacement of the cables 11.1 , 11.2 relative to each other.

Wichtig ist, dass die Stege 14.1 so ausgelegt sind, das sie die Relativverlagerung mindestens in gewissen Längenabschnitten des Tragmittels 10 ermöglichen ohne jedoch zu brechen oder zu reissen.It is important that the webs 14.1 are designed so that they allow the relative displacement at least in certain lengths of the support means 10 without, however, breaking or tearing.

Die in den Figuren 1A und 1B gezeigte erste Ausführungsform des Tragmittels 10 weist Öffnungen 14.2 auf, die auf den beiden Längsseiten (parallel zur Längsachse L) gerade und die in den Endbereichen nach aussen gewölbt sind. Entsprechend sind die Stege 14.1 in der in Fig. 1B gezeigten Draufsicht hantelförmig. Die Stege 14.1 haben somit in Längsrichtung gesehen Begrenzungen, die konkav in den Steg hineintreten.The first embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which are arched outwards in the end regions. Correspondingly, the webs 14.1 are dumbbell-shaped in the plan view shown in FIG. 1B. The webs 14.1 thus have seen in the longitudinal direction boundaries that enter concave in the web.

Der Begriff Relativverlagerung der benachbarten Seile schliesst gemäss Erfindung zwei Fälle ein:

  1. (1) die beiden Seile 11.1, 11.2 können auf ihrer gesamten Länge gleichmässig gegeneinander verschoben werden (bei gleicher Dehnung der Seile),
  2. (2) eines der Seile 11.1 oder 11.2 kann stärker gedehnt werden als das andere, wobei es während der Dehnung zu relativen Verlagerungen zwischen einzelnen Längsabschnitten der jeweiligen Seile kommt (die Grösse der relativen Verlagerung hängt dabei von der Längsposition auf dem Seil ab).
The term relative displacement of the adjacent ropes according to the invention includes two cases:
  1. (1) the two ropes 11.1, 11.2 can be moved evenly against each other over their entire length (with the same elongation of the ropes),
  2. (2) one of the ropes 11.1 or 11.2 can be stretched more than the other, with relative displacements occurring between individual longitudinal sections of the respective ropes during elongation (the magnitude of the relative displacement depends on the longitudinal position on the rope).

In den Figuren 2, 3 und 4 sind weitere erfindungsgemässe Tragmittel 10 mit je zwei Seilen 11.1, 11.2 gezeigt. Die Tragmittel 10 sind, wie auch das in den Figuren 1A, 1B gezeigte Tragmittel 10, zur Verwendung in einer Aufzugsanlage ausgelegt. Die Tragmittel 10 umfassen zwei Seile 11.1, 11.2, wobei jedes der Seile 11.1, 11.2 mehrere Litzen 12 umfasst. Die Seile 11.1, 11.2 sind zur Kraftaufnahme in Längsrichtung L ausgelegt, wobei die Seile 11.1, 11.2 entlang der Längsrichtung L der Tragmittel 10 mit einem Abstand A1 zueinander angeordnet und mittels eines gemeinsamen Seilmantels 13 verbunden sind. Der Seilmantel 13 bildet einen Übergangsbereich 14 zwischen jeweils zwei Seilen 11.1, 11.2. Der Übergangsbereich 14 des Seilmantels 13, der zwischen den Seilen 11.1, 11.2 liegt, ist mit Öffnungen 14.2 und Stegen 14.1 versehen, wobei auch bei den in den Figuren 2, 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen die Stege 14.1 so ausgeführt sind, dass sie eine Relativbewegung der Seile 11.1, 11.2 zueinander in Längsrichtung L ermöglichen.FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show further suspension elements 10 according to the invention, each with two cables 11.1, 11.2. The suspension elements 10, like the suspension elements 10 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, are designed for use in an elevator installation. The support means 10 comprise two cables 11.1, 11.2, wherein each of the cables 11.1, 11.2 comprises a plurality of strands 12. The cables 11.1, 11.2 are designed to absorb power in the longitudinal direction L, wherein the cables 11.1, 11.2 along the longitudinal direction L of the support means 10 are arranged at a distance A1 to each other and connected by a common cable sheath 13. The cable sheath 13 forms a transition region 14 between two ropes 11.1, 11.2. The transition region 14 of the cable sheath 13, which lies between the cables 11.1, 11.2, is provided with openings 14.2 and webs 14.1, wherein also in the embodiments shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the webs 14.1 are designed so that they have a relative movement the ropes 11.1, 11.2 allow each other in the longitudinal direction L.

Die in den Figuren 2, 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsformen unterscheiden sich im Wesentlichen nur durch die Art der Stege 14.1 und durch die Dimensionierung der Stege 14.1, respektive der Löcher 14.2.The embodiments shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 differ essentially only by the nature of Webs 14.1 and by the dimensioning of the webs 14.1, respectively the holes 14.2.

Die in Fig. 2 gezeigte zweite Ausführungsform des Tragmittels 10 weist Öffnungen 14.2 auf, die auf den beiden Längsseiten (parallel zur Längsachse L) und die in den Endbereichen gerade sind. D.h., die Öffnungen 14.2 sind im Wesentlichen in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Draufsicht rechteckförmig. Entsprechend sind die Stege 14.1 in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Draufsicht rechteckförmig oder quaderförmig.The second embodiment of the support means 10 shown in Fig. 2 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and in the end regions. That is, the openings 14.2 are substantially rectangular in the plan view shown in FIG. Correspondingly, the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 2 are rectangular or cuboid.

Die in Fig. 3 gezeigte dritte Ausführungsform des Tragmittels 10 weist Öffnungen 14.2 auf, die auf den beiden Längsseiten (parallel zur Längsachse L) gerade und die in den Endbereichen schräg verlaufen. D.h., die Öffnungen 14.2 sind in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Draufsicht annähernd rautenförmig. Entsprechend sind die Stege 14.1 in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Draufsicht auch rautenförmig mit schräg verlaufenden Kanten.The third embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIG. 3 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which run obliquely in the end regions. That is, the openings 14.2 are approximately diamond-shaped in the plan view shown in FIG. Correspondingly, the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 3 are also diamond-shaped with obliquely running edges.

Die in Fig. 4 gezeigte vierte Ausführungsform des Tragmittels 10 weist Öffnungen 14.2 auf, die auf den beiden Längsseiten (parallel zur Längsachse L) gerade sind und die in den Endbereichen konkav sind. Entsprechend sind die Stege 14.1 in der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Draufsicht auf beiden Seiten nach aussen gewölbt, d.h. konvex.The fourth embodiment of the suspension element 10 shown in FIG. 4 has openings 14.2 which are straight on the two longitudinal sides (parallel to the longitudinal axis L) and which are concave in the end regions. Correspondingly, the webs 14.1 in the plan view shown in FIG. 4 are arched outwards on both sides, ie convexly.

Das beschriebene Prinzip lässt sich auf ein Ensemble von drei und mehr Seilen übertragen.The described principle can be transferred to an ensemble of three or more ropes.

Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind die Litzen 12 der Seile jeweils so verseilt, dass mindestens zwei der Seile des Tragmittels 10 unter einer Zugspannung gegensinnige (sich kompensierende) Eigentorsionsmomente aufbauen.In preferred embodiments of the invention, the strands 12 of the cables are each stranded in such a way that at least two of the cables of the suspension element 10 build up opposite (compensating) self-torsional moments under a tensile stress.

In dem in den Figuren gezeigten Beispielen sind die Litzen 12 jedes dieser Seile jeweils parallel (mit gleichem Drehsinn) verseilt, während die Litzen verschiedener Seile 11.1 und 11.2 mit entgegengesetztem Drehsinn verseilt sind.In the examples shown in the figures, the strands 12 of each of these cables are each stranded in parallel (with the same sense of rotation), while the strands of different cables 11.1 and 11.2 are twisted in opposite directions of rotation.

Die Stege 14.1 sind ein integraler Bestandteil des Mantels 13. Sie können in diesem Fall in einem einzigen Herstellungsschritt (mit Extrusion oder Vulkanisieren je nach Material) zusammen mit dem Mantel 13 gefertigt werden.The webs 14.1 are an integral part of the shell 13. In this case, they can be manufactured together with the shell 13 in a single production step (with extrusion or vulcanization depending on the material).

Die Stege 14.1 können entweder beim Herstellen des Mantels 13 mit erzeugt werden, oder sie können in einem nachfolgenden Schritt (zum Beispiel durch Stanzen) herausgebildet werden.The webs 14.1 can either be generated in the manufacture of the shell 13, or they can be formed in a subsequent step (for example by punching).

Ein Optimierungsparameter ist die Elastizität der Stege 14.1. Durch Optimierung der Elastizität werden Relativverlagerungen der Seile zugelassen und es können die störenden Scherspannungen in dem Übergangsbereich 14 zwischen benachbarten Seilen 11.1, 11.2 reduziert werden.An optimization parameter is the elasticity of the webs 14.1. By optimizing the elasticity, relative displacements of the cables are permitted and the interfering shear stresses in the transitional region 14 between adjacent cables 11.1, 11.2 can be reduced.

Vorteilhafterweise werden die Längenverhältnisse zwischen Stegen 14.1 und Öffnungen 14.2 so gewählt, dass die Stege 14.1 aus elastischem Material unter Scherkräften in Längsrichtung (L) der Seile in erster Näherung gelenkartig funktionieren, d.h. die Stege 14.1 im Wesentlichen nur Kräfte in Querrichtung zu den Seilen 11.1 und 11.2 aufnehmen können. Solch gelenkartig ausgebildete Stege 14.1 können also bei kleinen Relativverschiebungen der Seile 11.1 und 11.2 keine wesentlichen Kräfte in Längsrichtung (L) aufnehmen und vermeiden so bei Auftreten unterschiedlicher Seilgeschwindigkeiten der benachbarten Seile 11.1 und 11.2 , wie sie bei Laufflächenunterschieden der Treibscheiben entstehen, grosse Scherkräfte im Übergangsbereich des Seilmantels 13, die zu Materialversagen im genannten Bereich führen können. Diese Scherkräfte führen zu Schubspannungen, die im niedrigen zweistelligen Prozentbereich der Schubfestigkeit des Seilmantelmaterials liegen.Advantageously, the length ratios between webs 14.1 and openings 14.2 are selected so that the webs 14.1 of elastic material under shear forces in the longitudinal direction (L) of the cables in a first approximation function in an articulated manner, i. the webs 14.1 can essentially absorb only forces in the transverse direction to the ropes 11.1 and 11.2. Such articulated webs 14.1 can therefore with small relative displacements of the cables 11.1 and 11.2 record no significant forces in the longitudinal direction (L) and thus avoid the occurrence of different cable speeds of the adjacent cables 11.1 and 11.2, as they arise at tread differences of traction sheaves, large shear forces in the transition region of the cable sheath 13, which can lead to material failure in said area. These shearing forces result in shear stresses that are in the low two-digit percentage range of shear strength of the sheath material.

Ein geeignetes Material für die Herstellung des Seilmantels 13 ist Polyurethan. Zwei handelsübliche Polyurethankunststoffe, die für den Einsatz als Seilmantel 13 geeignet sind, sind Elastollan 1185 und Elastollan 1180, die sich geringfügig unterscheiden. Elastollan ist ein eingetragenes Markenzeichen der Firma BASF.A suitable material for the manufacture of the cable sheath 13 is polyurethane. Two commercially available polyurethane plastics which are suitable for use as a cable sheath 13 are Elastollan 1185 and Elastollan 1180, which differ slightly. Elastollan is a registered trademark of BASF.

Im Folgenden werden Beispiele von Relativverlagerungen der Seile 11.1, 11.2 konkret vorgestellt.In the following, examples of relative displacements of the cables 11.1, 11.2 are concretely presented.

Elastollan 1185 besitzt ein Elastizitätsmodul von 20 MPa, ein Schubmodul von 9 MPa und eine Poisson'sche Zahl von 0.11. Wenn sich nun die Seile 11.1, 11.2 um eine Längsverschiebung s=0.8 mm gegeneinander verschieben, ergibt sich bei einem Seilabstand t von 2.3 mm, einer Steglänge L1 von 3.0 mm, einer Stegdicke d von 3.4 mm und der Verwendung von Elastollan 1185 eine Scherkraft von 32.1 N und eine Schubspannung von 3.15 MPa, die ein Steg 14.1 aufnimmt. Dieses Beispiel zeigt, dass die Stege 14.1 nur kleine Scherkräfte aufnehmen und die daraus resultierenden Schubspannung weit unterhalb der Schubfestigkeit des oben genannten Polyurethans liegen. Die Schubspannungen erreichen etwa 15% der Schubfestigkeit.Elastollan 1185 has a modulus of elasticity of 20 MPa, a shear modulus of 9 MPa, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.11. If now the ropes 11.1, 11.2 move by a longitudinal displacement s = 0.8 mm against each other, resulting in a rope distance t of 2.3 mm, a web length L1 of 3.0 mm, a web thickness d of 3.4 mm and the use of Elastollan 1185 a shearing force of 32.1 N and a shear stress of 3.15 MPa, which receives a web 14.1. This example shows that the webs 14.1 absorb only small shear forces and the resulting shear stress are well below the shear strength of the above-mentioned polyurethane. The shear stresses reach about 15% of the shear strength.

Für ein Elastollan 1180 mit einem Schubmodul von 6.8 MPa ergeben sich unter gleichen Bedingungen wie oben Scherkräfte von 24.3 N und Schubspannungen von 2.4 MPa. Die Schubspannungen erreichen etwa 11% der Schubfestigkeit.For an Elastollan 1180 with a shear modulus of 6.8 MPa, shear forces of 24.3 N and shear stresses of 2.4 MPa result under the same conditions as above. The shear stresses reach about 11% of the shear strength.

Weitere Beispiele für Längsverschiebung s der Seile 11.1, 11.2 von 0.7 mm und 0.6 mm bei Verwendung von Elastollan 1185 ergeben Schubspannungen von 2.7 MPa und 2.4 MPa. Diese Schubspannungen entsprechen 13% respektive 11% der Schubfestigkeit.Further examples of longitudinal displacement s of the ropes 11.1, 11.2 of 0.7 mm and 0.6 mm using Elastollan 1185 result in shear stresses of 2.7 MPa and 2.4 MPa. These shear stresses correspond to 13% and 11% of the shear strength, respectively.

Elastomere haben eine Bruchdehnung von mehreren 100%, die bis zu 800% betragen kann. Es ist jedoch darauf zu achten, dass Dehnungen von 25% und mehr zu vermeiden sind, da sonst erste leichte irreversible Deformationen auftreten können. Die vorgängig beispielhaft gezeigten Längsverschiebungen s von 0.6, 0.7 und 0.8 mm der Seile 11.1, 11.2 entsprechen Dehnungen von 20% und weniger. Hieraus folgt, dass Relativverlagerungen der Seile 11.1, 11.2 im Sub-Millimeter-Bereich zu keinen unzulässigen Materialbelastungen der Stege 14.1 führen.Elastomers have an elongation at break of several 100%, which can be up to 800%. However, care should be taken to avoid stretching of 25% or more, otherwise first slight irreversible deformations can occur. The longitudinal displacements s of 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 mm of the cables 11.1, 11.2 shown above by way of example correspond to strains of 20% and less. From this it follows that relative displacements of the cables 11.1, 11.2 in the sub-millimeter range do not lead to any inadmissible material loads on the webs 14.1.

Weiterhin ist es möglich, die einzelnen Stege 14.1 mit einer mechanischen Verstärkung auszustatten.Furthermore, it is possible to equip the individual webs 14.1 with a mechanical reinforcement.

Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung von Tragmitteln 10 mit Kunstfaserseilen. Besonders geeignet sind metallische, synthetische und/oder organische Litzen 12, oder eine Kombination der genannten Materialien.Particularly preferred is the use of support means 10 with synthetic fiber ropes. Particularly suitable are metallic, synthetic and / or organic strands 12, or a combination of said materials.

Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um Seile 11.1, 11.2, die durch zwei- oder mehrstufiges Verdrehen von Litzen 12 hergestellt sind. In den Fig. 1A sind Seile 11.1, 11.2 gezeigt, die drei Lagen 12.2, 12.3, 12.4 mit Litzen und eine zentrale Litze 12.1 umfassen. Dies ist aber nur ein Beispiel für den Aufbau der Seile 11.1, 11.2.Preferably, they are ropes 11.1, 11.2, which are made by twisting two or more stages of strands 12. Ropes 11.1, 11.2 are shown in FIGS. 1A, which comprise three layers 12.2, 12.3, 12.4 with strands and a central strand 12.1. But this is just one example of the structure of the ropes 11.1, 11.2.

In den Seilen 11.1, 11.2 können zum Beispiel Seilgarne aus Aramidfasern miteinander verseilt sein.In the ropes 11.1, 11.2, for example, rope yarns of aramid fibers can be stranded together.

Wie in den Figuren zu erkennen, ist der gesamte Aussenumfang der Seile 11.1, 11.2 von einem gemeinsamen Seilmantel 13 aus Kunststoffmaterial umhüllt. Der Seilmantel 13 kann synthetische und/oder organische Materialien umfassen. Die folgenden Materialien sind besonders als Seilmantel geeignet: Gummi, Polyurethan, Polyolefin, Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyamid. Das jeweils elastisch verformbare Kunststoffmaterial ist vorzugsweise auf die Seile 11.1, 11.2 aufgespritzt bzw. extrudiert und anschliessend darauf verdichtet. Dadurch dringt das Seilmantelmaterial von aussen in alle Zwischenräume zwischen den Litzen 12 am Aussenumfang ein und füllt diese aus. Die damit geschaffene Bindung des Seilmantels 13 an die Litzen 12 ist so fest, dass lediglich geringe Relativbewegungen zwischen den Litzen 12 der Seile 11.1, 11.2 und dem Seilmantel 13 auftreten.As can be seen in the figures, the entire outer circumference of the cables 11.1, 11.2 is enveloped by a common cable sheath 13 made of plastic material. The cable sheath 13 may be synthetic and / or organic Materials include. The following materials are particularly suitable as a cable sheath: rubber, polyurethane, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride or polyamide. The respective elastically deformable plastic material is preferably sprayed or extruded onto the cables 11.1, 11.2 and then compressed thereon. As a result, the sheath material penetrates from outside into all interspaces between the strands 12 on the outer circumference and fills them. The thus created binding of the cable sheath 13 to the strands 12 is so strong that only slight relative movements between the strands 12 of the cables 11.1, 11.2 and the cable sheath 13 occur.

Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform können im Bereich der Stege 14.1 kurze Fiberstücke (z.B. Glasfasern, Aramidfasern oder dergleichen) oder eine gewebte Matte eingebettet sein, die als Verstärkung dienen.According to a further embodiment, short fiber pieces (for example glass fibers, aramid fibers or the like) or a woven mat serving as reinforcement may be embedded in the region of the webs 14.1.

Die in den Figuren gezeigten Tragmittel 10 sind besonderes zum Antrieb durch eine Seilscheibe geeignet, wobei die Kraftübertragung zwischen der Seilscheibe und dem Tragmittel 10 im Wesentlichen per Reibschluss erfolgt.The support means 10 shown in the figures are particularly suitable for driving through a pulley, wherein the power transmission between the pulley and the support means 10 is effected substantially by friction.

Die zwei oder mehr Seile 11.1, 11.2 sind gemäss Erfindung so miteinander verbunden, dass das Torsionsmoment des einen Seils 11.1 auf das andere Seil 11.2 übertragen wird und umgekehrt. Dadurch kompensieren sich die Torsionsmomente. Im Idealfall ist das Gesamttorsionsmoment des Tragmittels 10 bei einer geradzahligen Anzahl von Seilen und bei symmetrischem Aufbau gleich Null. Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Tragmitteln 10 sind die Seile des Tragmittels 10 gemäss der Erfindung nicht durch einen einzigen, sich über die gesamten Länge des Tragmittels 10 erstreckenden Übergangsbereich sondern durch eine Anzahl von Stegen 14.1 (Vielzahl von Querverbindungen) miteinander verbunden. Diese Querverbindungen sind relativ steif gegen Kräfte quer zur Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10, sind allerdings hinreichend schmal bezüglich der Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10 ausgelegt. Im Vergleich herkömmlichen Tragmitteln gemäss dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik sind die Querverbindungen beim erfindungsgemässen Tragmittel 10 in Längsrichtung L deutlich weniger steif. Dadurch sind die Querverbindungen der Seile relativ leicht durch Scherkräfte in der Längsrichtung L des Tragmittels 10 elastisch deformierbar (im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik). Die beiden Seile 11.1, 11.2 des Tragmittels 10 können deshalb durch in Längsrichtung L wirkende Scherkräfte leicht in der Längsrichtung L relativ zueinander verlagert werden. Ebenso können die beiden Seile 11.1, 11.2 unterschiedlich grosse Dehnungen in Längsrichtung L aufnehmen, ohne Beschädigung der Querverbindungen.The two or more cables 11.1, 11.2 are interconnected according to the invention in such a way that the torsional moment of one cable 11.1 is transmitted to the other cable 11.2 and vice versa. This compensates for the torsional moments. Ideally, the total torsional moment of the support means 10 is equal to zero for an even number of ropes and symmetrical construction. In contrast to the known support means 10, the ropes of the suspension element 10 according to the invention not by a single, over the entire length of the support means 10 extending transition region but by a number of webs 14.1 (plurality of cross connections) connected to each other. These cross connections are relatively stiff against forces transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10, but are designed to be sufficiently narrow with respect to the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10. In comparison with conventional support means according to the aforementioned prior art, the cross connections in the inventive support means 10 in the longitudinal direction L are much less stiff. As a result, the cross connections of the cables are relatively easily elastically deformable by shear forces in the longitudinal direction L of the suspension element 10 (in contrast to the prior art). The two cables 11.1, 11.2 of the suspension element 10 can therefore be easily displaced relative to one another in the longitudinal direction L by shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction L. Likewise, the two cables 11.1, 11.2 accommodate different sized strains in the longitudinal direction L, without damaging the cross connections.

Die erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsformen erlauben es Brüche oder Schwächungen im Übergangsbereich 14 zu vermeiden indem Scherbewegungen in Längsverlagerungen parallel zur Längsachse L umgesetzt werden. Dadurch kann eine Beschädigung des Übergangsbereichs 14 und gleichzeitig der Abrieb an konventionellen Tragmitteln mit zwei oder mehreren Seilen reduziert werden.The embodiments according to the invention allow fractures or weakenings in the transition region 14 to be avoided by shearing movements being implemented in longitudinal displacements parallel to the longitudinal axis L. As a result, damage to the transition region 14 and at the same time the abrasion on conventional suspension means with two or more cables can be reduced.

Die Zwillings-, Drillings-, oder Mehrfachseile gemäss der Erfindung können problemlos Laufradiusunterschiede an Treibscheiben kompensieren, wenn sich die Seile des Tragmittels 10 an einer Treibscheibe längs Kreisbahnen mit unterschiedlichem Radius und deshalb mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit am Umfang der Treibscheibe bewegen.The twins, triplets, or multiple ropes according to the invention can easily run radius differences Traction sheaves compensate when the cables of the suspension element 10 move on a traction sheave along circular paths of different radius and therefore at different speeds on the circumference of the traction sheave.

Claims (10)

Tragmittel (10) zur Verwendung in einer Aufzugsanlage, wobei das Tragmittel (10) mindestens zwei Seile (11.1, 11.2) aus mehreren Litzen (12) aufweist, die zur Kraftaufnahme in Längsrichtung (L) ausgelegt sind, wobei die Seile (11.1, 11.2) entlang der Längsrichtung (L) des Tragmittels (10) mit einem Abstand (A1) zueinander angeordnet und mittels eines Seilmantels (13) verbunden sind, wobei ein Übergangsbereich (14) des Seilmantels (13), der zwischen den Seilen (11.1, 11.2) liegt, mit Öffnungen (14.2) und Stegen (14.1) versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (14.1) so ausgeführt sind, dass sie relativ leicht durch Scherkräfte in Längsrichtung (L) elastisch deformierbar sind und dass sie eine Relativverlagerung der Seile (11.1, 11.2) zueinander in Längsrichtung (L) ermöglichen.Supporting means (10) for use in an elevator installation, wherein the support means (10) comprises at least two cables (11.1, 11.2) of a plurality of strands (12) designed to receive power in the longitudinal direction (L), the cables (11.1, 11.2 ) are arranged along the longitudinal direction (L) of the suspension element (10) at a distance (A1) from each other and are connected by means of a cable sheath (13), wherein a transition region (14) of the cable sheath (13) which lies between the cables (11.1, 11.2 ) is provided with openings (14.2) and webs (14.1), characterized in that the webs (14.1) are designed so that they are relatively easily elastically deformable by shear forces in the longitudinal direction (L) and that they are a relative displacement of the cables (11.1, 11.2) allow each other in the longitudinal direction (L). Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Litzen (12) des eines Seils (11.1) und die Litzen (12) des anderen Seiles (11.2) mit gegenläufigen Eigentorsionsmomenten beaufschlagt sind, um eine Verdrehen des Tragmittels (10) entlang der Längsachse (L) zu vermeiden.Supporting means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands (12) of a cable (11.1) and the strands (12) of the other cable (11.2) are subjected to opposite Eigenorsionsmomenten to a rotation of the support means (10) along to avoid the longitudinal axis (L). Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Seilmantel (13) synthetische und/oder organische Materialien umfasst.Supporting means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable sheath (13) comprises synthetic and / or organic materials. Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Litzen (12) metallische, synthetische und/oder organische Litzen (12) umfassen.Supporting means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands (12) comprise metallic, synthetic and / or organic strands (12). Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (14.2) in Form von Langlöchern, vorzugsweise in Längsrichtung (L) des Seils, realisiert sind.Support means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings (14.2) in the form of elongated holes, preferably in the longitudinal direction (L) of the rope, are realized. Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Öffnungen (14.2) und Stege (14.1) in Längsrichtung (L) des Tragmittels (10) unterschiedliche Längen (L1, L2) haben.Support means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that openings (14.2) and webs (14.1) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the support means (10) have different lengths (L1, L2). Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (14.1) in einer durch die Seile (11.1, 11.2) aufgespannte Ebene eine beliebige Form, vorzugsweise aber eine hantelförmige, zylindrische, ovale, konkave, konvexe, rechteckige oder keilförmige Form aufweisen.Supporting means (10) according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the webs (14.1) in a plane defined by the cables (11.1, 11.2) plane of any shape, but preferably a dumbbell-shaped, cylindrical, oval, concave, convex, have rectangular or wedge-shaped shape. Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, 5, 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Übergangsbereich (14) mit den Stegen (14.1) als integraler Bestandteil des Seilmantels (13) ausgeführt ist, und beide Seile (11.1, 11.2) fest miteinander verbindet.Supporting means (10) according to claim 1, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the transition region (14) with the webs (14.1) as an integral part of the cable sheath (13) is executed, and both cables (11.1, 11.2) firmly together combines. Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (14.1) bei einer Relativverschiebung der Seile (11.1, 11.2) in Längsrichtung (L) Schubspannungen von höchstens 20%, vorteilhafterweise höchstens 15% und vorteilhafterweise höchstens 10% der Schubfestigkeit eines elastomeren Materials übertragen.Support means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the webs (14.1) at a Relative displacement of the cables (11.1, 11.2) in the longitudinal direction (L) shear stresses of at most 20%, advantageously not more than 15% and advantageously not more than 10% of the shear strength of an elastomeric material transmitted. Tragmittel (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (14.1) bei einer Relativverlagerung der Seile (11.1, 11.2) in Längsrichtung (L) höchstens 25%, vorteilhafterweise höchstens 20%, vorteilhafterweise höchstens 15%, vorteilhafterweise höchstens 10% und vorteilhafterweise höchstens 5% gedehnt werden.Support means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the webs (14.1) in a relative displacement of the cables (11.1, 11.2) in the longitudinal direction (L) at most 25%, advantageously at most 20%, advantageously at most 15%, advantageously at most 10% and advantageously at most 5% are stretched.
EP06114619A 2005-06-02 2006-05-29 Carrier means with a connection capable of absorbing shear forces for connecting several cables Not-in-force EP1728916B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP06114619A EP1728916B1 (en) 2005-06-02 2006-05-29 Carrier means with a connection capable of absorbing shear forces for connecting several cables

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EP05104788 2005-06-02
EP06114619A EP1728916B1 (en) 2005-06-02 2006-05-29 Carrier means with a connection capable of absorbing shear forces for connecting several cables

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EP1728916B1 EP1728916B1 (en) 2009-10-07

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2615054A4 (en) * 2010-09-09 2017-05-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Rope for elevator
CN107700256A (en) * 2017-10-12 2018-02-16 海瑞可(武汉)新材料有限公司 One kind is in dumb-bell shape elevator pull rope
DE102007021434B4 (en) * 2007-05-08 2018-10-18 Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh Aufzugsanlagenzugmittel
DE102008037537B4 (en) * 2008-11-10 2020-11-05 Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh Traction drive and elevator system with this traction drive

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7537919U (en) * 1975-11-28 1976-04-01 Seilwolff Ag, 6800 Mannheim STRAND OR ROPE TAPE WITH A PLASTIC COVERING
EP0672781A1 (en) 1994-03-02 1995-09-20 Inventio Ag Cable for lifts
DE29824276U1 (en) * 1997-01-15 2000-11-02 Thal Hermann Bundled tendon
EP1061172A2 (en) 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 Inventio Ag Synthetic fibre rope for use with a traction sheave
EP1416082A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Inventio Ag Synthetic fibre rope with reinforcing element for mechanically reinforcing the sheath

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7537919U (en) * 1975-11-28 1976-04-01 Seilwolff Ag, 6800 Mannheim STRAND OR ROPE TAPE WITH A PLASTIC COVERING
EP0672781A1 (en) 1994-03-02 1995-09-20 Inventio Ag Cable for lifts
DE29824276U1 (en) * 1997-01-15 2000-11-02 Thal Hermann Bundled tendon
EP1061172A2 (en) 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 Inventio Ag Synthetic fibre rope for use with a traction sheave
EP1416082A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Inventio Ag Synthetic fibre rope with reinforcing element for mechanically reinforcing the sheath

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007021434B4 (en) * 2007-05-08 2018-10-18 Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh Aufzugsanlagenzugmittel
DE102008037537B4 (en) * 2008-11-10 2020-11-05 Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh Traction drive and elevator system with this traction drive
EP2615054A4 (en) * 2010-09-09 2017-05-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Rope for elevator
CN107700256A (en) * 2017-10-12 2018-02-16 海瑞可(武汉)新材料有限公司 One kind is in dumb-bell shape elevator pull rope

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