EP1722034B1 - Clothing comprising splitted fibers - Google Patents

Clothing comprising splitted fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1722034B1
EP1722034B1 EP20060113046 EP06113046A EP1722034B1 EP 1722034 B1 EP1722034 B1 EP 1722034B1 EP 20060113046 EP20060113046 EP 20060113046 EP 06113046 A EP06113046 A EP 06113046A EP 1722034 B1 EP1722034 B1 EP 1722034B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibre
splittable
fabric
fibres
fabric according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20060113046
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1722034A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Dr. Schmitt
Hubert Walkenhaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200510021480 external-priority patent/DE102005021480A1/en
Priority claimed from DE200510038534 external-priority patent/DE102005038534A1/en
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP1722034A1 publication Critical patent/EP1722034A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1722034B1 publication Critical patent/EP1722034B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/32Washing wire-cloths or felts
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0036Multi-layer screen-cloths
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08Felts
    • D21F7/083Multi-layer felts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/638Side-by-side multicomponent strand or fiber material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/64Islands-in-sea multicomponent strand or fiber material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/689Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fabric for a machine for producing and / or further processing a material web, such as a fibrous and / or pulp web, but in particular not exclusively a papermachine fabric, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for Production of a fabric according to the invention as well as a method for conditioning a machine clothing located on a rotating belt.
  • nonwoven layers which are better able to prevent rewet of the paper web, for example, in the press nip, with increasingly faster paper machines.
  • Nonwoven layers with finer than previously possible pore structures are also necessary for this application in order to provide increased capillary pressures. Such can also be produced with increasingly fine fibers.
  • WO 99/32715 discloses a press felt having a nonwoven layer with fibrillated fibers to provide a fine paper side.
  • a covering for a machine for the production and / or further processing of a material web, in particular a fibrous web, which has a carrier structure and a nonwoven layer wherein the nonwoven layer comprises fibers which, for the formation of elongated fiber segments, at least in sections substantially along their longitudinal extension are splittable and / or the formation of elongated fiber segments, at least in sections substantially along its longitudinal extent are split, wherein in a splittable fiber after splitting the fiber segments in a common portion of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer interconnected whereas the Fiber segments are still connected together in another common portion of the longitudinal extent of the fiber
  • the splittable fibers according to the invention are splittable into a plurality of fiber segments, wherein the fiber segments extend into the original longitudinal extent of the splittable fiber.
  • a splittable fiber in the sense of the invention forms in its longitudinal extent at first a section formed from the fiber segments and subsequently an as yet unsplit fiber part into which all fiber segments of the fiber merge.
  • the fiber segments in a common section of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer connected to one another and are still connected to one another in another common section of the fiber.
  • one longitudinal end of one fiber segment is loosely connected and the other longitudinal end of one fiber segment is connected to the other longitudinal ends of the other fiber segments of that fiber.
  • This property of the split fibers is unlike a fibrillated fiber which, after fibrillation, leaves a common fiber stem to which all fibrils are bonded, with a fibrillated fiber in Longitudinal extension of the fiber no common loose fibrils comprehensive section and an adjoining interconnected fibrils comprehensive section is formed.
  • the split section of a splittable fiber according to the invention can therefore be formed, for example, from a plurality of fiber segments of the same size or the same size, for example the same cross-sectional area, whereas a fibrillated fiber forms a multiplicity of fibrils and a fiber trunk to which the fibrils are attached are. In the latter case, the fiber strain is larger than the fibroids.
  • a nonwoven layer with fiber segments as thin as is not possible with the fibers known from the prior art was.
  • Such a nonwoven layer is characterized by a fine and smooth surface with little marking tendency for the material web produced thereon. Furthermore, such a nonwoven layer has extremely fine pores and can therefore be used as an anti-rewet layer with increased functionality.
  • a splittable fibers is formed by fiber segments which are connected to each other to form the un-split fiber before splitting along substantially its entire longitudinal extent, wherein the compound is releasable by external action.
  • the fiber segments are then arranged loosely to one another along a common section extending in the longitudinal extent of the fiber in the split fiber and are still connected to one another along a further common section of the fiber adjoining in the longitudinal extent of the fiber.
  • the fiber segments may, for example, have a cross-sectional area in the ⁇ m range or smaller.
  • the splittable fibers can be split into both even and odd number of fiber segments.
  • Preferred splittable fibers are splittable, for example, into at least 2 or 4 or 16 or 32 or 64 or more fiber segments, the fiber segments becoming ever thinner as the fiber segment number increases starting from the diameter of the starting fiber, as a result of which the nonwoven layers produced thereby become ever finer and have a smoother surface to have.
  • the segmentability of the splittable fibers can also influence the permeability of the nonwoven layer.
  • the splittable fiber is splittable into fiber segments of the same cross-sectional shape and / or area. But there are also applications conceivable in which it makes sense if the splittable fiber is split into fiber segments unequal cross-sectional shape and / or surface.
  • the splittable fiber comprises fiber segments, which are formed from mutually different materials.
  • the splittable fiber can thus be used to provide a multiplicity of functions and properties in the nonwoven layer in a simple manner.
  • a fiber segment can contribute to the improved mechanical stability of the nonwoven layer by connecting at intersections with other fiber segments.
  • Another fiber segment of the splittable fiber can, for example, influence the hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties of the nonwoven layer.
  • another fiber segment has, for example, certain elastic properties which cause the nonwoven layer to quickly assume its initial shape after the end of a force.
  • the material preferably comprises a polymeric material which, alone or in combination, may comprise PA, PE, PET, PPS, PEEK, PU or polypropylene.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that adjoining fiber segments are connected to one another by means of adhesion forces.
  • Other ways of connecting the fiber segments are adhesions with adhesives that may be solved later and do not necessarily respond to mechanical stress or old splices that split by mechanical stress.
  • An at least partial encasing of the fiber is also conceivable, which can then be completely or partially dissolved in order to split the fiber into fiber segments. It is also conceivable that there are zones with different properties, with one area splitting more than another, in this case a bandwidth from completely splitable to not splittable is possible.
  • the fibers can be split with different degrees of ease.
  • a slight splittability for example, in fibers in a nonwoven layer inside the paper machine clothing is not necessary and desired, since there is no abrasion of the fibers.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that splittable fibers are provided with different splittability. This is intended to encompass both splittable fibers that have different splittability in a single nonwoven layer and that different nonwoven layers can be produced using splittable fibers of different splittability.
  • nonwoven layers are provided with splittable fibers, wherein one of these nonwoven layers is an outer nonwoven layer, then it makes sense if the splittable fibers of the outer nonwoven layer are more easily splittable than the splittable fibers of the middle nonwoven layer.
  • the chippability of the fibers is adjustable as a function of the strength of the adhesion forces or can be set by the strength of the sheathing or solubility of the sheath.
  • the splittbare Fiber in an unsplit state has a titer of 1.7dtex to 20detx, preferably from 2detx to 6.7 detx.
  • the web can be simply carded by a few coarse fibers, which are subsequently split into fine fiber segments.
  • the splittable fibers preferably comprise a range of 1 to 350 dtex.
  • a splittable fiber which meets the requirements according to the invention is currently sold by the company Freudenberg AG under the brand name EVOLON TM .
  • the nonwoven layer For individual adjustment of the nonwoven layer to its specific application, it makes sense if the nonwoven layer includes splittable fibers with different properties.
  • the nonwoven layer in addition to the splittable fibers also includes unsplittbare fibers.
  • Splittable fibers can be used, for example, to adjust the pore structure (void volume) and / or the permeability of the nonwoven.
  • the unspittable fibers can be melt-bonded fibers which contribute to improving the stability of the nonwoven and / or to improving the bonding of nonwoven layers to one another.
  • nonwoven layer with the splittable fibers it is also possible, for example, to introduce particles or pulverulent particles dissolved in a solvent in order to obtain an extremely fine surface with precisely adjustable permeability.
  • a layer also has very good paper release properties (sheet release).
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the nonwoven layer with the splittable fibers comprises polymer particles.
  • a plurality of nonwoven layers are provided with splittable fibers in the invention covering.
  • the fabric has an outer layer which can be brought into contact with the material web and which is formed by one of the nonwoven layers with the splittable fibers.
  • an anti-rewetting layer can be provided in the fabric, which is a middle nonwoven layer with splittable fibers arranged between the two outer layers.
  • the splittable fibers of the outer nonwoven layer can be split into more fiber segments than the splittable fibers of the middle nonwoven layer.
  • the different properties of different fleece layers with the splittbaren Fibers according to the different requirements can preferably be adjusted by providing splittable fibers in at least one of the plurality of nonwoven layers which have at least one different property compared to the splittable fibers of the other nonwoven layers.
  • At least one nonwoven layer with unsplittable fibers can also be provided in the fabric according to the invention, depending on its intended use, for setting the desired property.
  • all other known in the technology of paper machine clothing layers for building a fabric in the fabric of the invention can be used.
  • the support structure of the fabric according to the invention may comprise alone or in combination: one or more fabrics, one or more unidirectional or multidirectional thread arrangements, a nonwoven planar structure which may, for example, be cast, a film.
  • the fabric according to the invention is preferably a papermachine fabric, in particular a press felt, a forming fabric or a dryer fabric.
  • the fabric of the invention can be used for the production of all known types of paper including cardboard or tissue.
  • a forming fabric according to the invention with extremely little marking tendency and at the same time increased drainage behavior-less rewetting and increased retention-can be created compared with the prior art.
  • an inventive dryer fabric can be created, which has an extremely smooth paper-side surface and thus a significantly improved web guide and lower air drag than that of the prior
  • the fabric according to the invention can also be used as a filter belt filter in a plant for stock preparation, as it is sold, for example, under the trademark Variosplit TM from Voith.
  • the fabric according to the invention can be used in a machine for the production of pulp.
  • the inventive method is of course also in the further development of the carding process towards the processability of ever smaller fiber diameter, as they are not yet conceivable today, accordingly applicable.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that after carding the splittable fibers to the nonwoven layer and before splitting the fibers in the nonwoven layer, the nonwoven layer connected to the underlying layer of the fabric, in particular needling.
  • the nonwoven layer is connected after the splitting of the fibers with the underlying layer of the fabric, in particular needling.
  • a mechanical method such as by means of a pressurized fluid jet, and / or a chemical method may be used.
  • an acid-sensitive bond between the fiber segments may be dissolved by a chemical process to effect the splitting.
  • a method for conditioning a circulating in a machine for producing and / or further processing a material web Covering wherein the fabric has an outer layer, the surface of which is brought into contact with the material web and wherein the outer layer comprises a nonwoven layer with splittable fibers, wherein for conditioning the outer layer is acted upon with a pressurized fluid jet such that the splittable fibers are split at least in sections along their longitudinal extension to form elongated fiber segments, wherein in a splittable fiber after splitting the fiber segments in a common portion of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer interconnected whereas the fiber segments in another common portion of the longitudinal extension of the Fiber are still connected to each other
  • a method is proposed in which, for example, by abrasion during the manufacturing or further processing process of the web of material removed from the nonwoven layer split fiber parts are replaced by new split fiber parts.
  • This is achieved by the fact that new split fiber segments are produced by splitting during regeneration of the surface of the fabric coming into contact with the material web, whereby the performance and service life of the fabric according to the invention is markedly increased in comparison to conditioning processes in known fabrics.
  • fluid jet for splitting
  • a simple and reliable technology can be used, which has proven itself for use in web-processing machines.
  • fluid jet devices already installed in the machine such as, for example, spray tubes or fluid jet cleaning devices, can likewise be used for conditioning according to the invention.
  • the splittable fibers are split at least in the area of the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer.
  • the application of the fluid jet takes place in such a way that essentially only the parts of the splittable fibers arranged in the region of the surface are arranged in fiber segments be split.
  • the conditioning method according to the invention is preferably carried out during the production process, whereby downtimes are reduced.
  • the fluid is applied so that the fabric is cleaned simultaneously during the splitting of the fibers.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a running as a press felt 1 fabric according to the invention.
  • the press felt 1 has an outer upper and can be brought into contact with the paper web nonwoven layer 2 with splittable fibers 3, which are already partially split and partially unsplit.
  • splittable fibers 3 which are already partially split and partially unsplit.
  • only the parts of the splittable fibers 3 which are arranged in the region of the surface of the nonwoven layer 2 which can be brought into contact with the paper web are essentially split into fiber segments.
  • the fibers 3 of the nonwoven layer 2 have a circular cross-sectional shape in the unplated state and are designed such that they can be split into 32 fiber segments.
  • fiber segments of the same cross-sectional shape this is pie slice shaped, and surface formed.
  • the splittable fibers 3 comprise fiber segments which are formed from mutually different materials. In concrete terms, this means that the segments which adjoin one another flat in the unsplit state of the fiber 3 are formed alternately from PA and PE, so that they form an interface with one another.
  • the adjoining fiber segments are joined together by means of adhesion forces.
  • a high-pressure water jet is preferably used.
  • the splittable Fasem3 used in the nonwoven layer 2 have a titer of about 2dtex in an unsplit state, so that they could be processed to the nonwoven 2 with a carding process.
  • By splitting into 32 equal parts fiber segments with a titre of 1 / 16dtex are obtained, whereby a smooth and almost marking-free surface of the press felt is created.
  • the press felt 1 further comprises a fine inner nonwoven layer 4, which in the FIG. 1 is arranged below the nonwoven layer 2.
  • the nonwoven layer 4 is formed only of unspittable fibers 5 with a titre of 10-20 dtex.
  • a coarse nonwoven layer 6 is arranged with likewise unsplittbaren fibers 7 with a titer of 50-300detx.
  • a woven structure 8 is provided in the press felt 1, which is arranged between the coarse nonwoven layer 6 and a further coarse nonwoven layer 9 is.
  • the coarse nonwoven layer 9 is an outer layer of the press felt 1 and comprises unscitable fibers 10 having a titer of 50-300 detx.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a press felt 11 designed according to the invention stringing.
  • the press felt 11 has an outer upper and can be brought into contact with the paper web nonwoven layer 12 with splittable fibers 13, which are already partially split sections and unsplit sections.
  • the nonwoven layer 12 substantially corresponds to the nonwoven layer 2 FIG. 1 ,
  • the press felt 11 further comprises a fine inner nonwoven layer 14, which in the FIG. 2 is arranged below the nonwoven layer 12.
  • the nonwoven layer 14 is formed only of unspittable fibers 15 having a denier of 10-20 dtex.
  • the splittable fibers 17 used in the nonwoven layer 16 have a titer of about 2 dtex in the unplated state and can be split into 4 fiber segments with the same cross-sectional shape and area.
  • the splittable fibers 17 were thus also processed by a carding process to the web 16. By splitting into four equal parts fiber segments are obtained with a titer of 0.5 dtex, whereby the nonwoven layer 16 receives a fine pore structure and can be used as an anti-rewet layer.
  • the fibers 13 of the outer nonwoven layer 12 are more easily split than the fibers 17 of the inner nonwoven layer 16.
  • the chippability can be adjusted, for example, by the strength of the adhesion forces prevailing between the unsplit fiber segments.
  • the splittable fibers 13 of the nonwoven layer 12 have at least one fiber segment provided with a hydrophobic coating.
  • FIG. 2 is below the nonwoven layer 16 a to the nonwoven layer 6 of FIG. 1 analog coarse nonwoven layer 18 with unspittable fibers 19 with a titer of 50-300detx arranged.
  • a bidirectional scrim 20 is provided in the press felt 11, which is formed from a unidirectional thread assembly 21 and a further extending at right angles further unidirectional thread assembly 22.
  • the carrier structure 20 is arranged between the coarse nonwoven layer 18 and a further coarse nonwoven layer 23.
  • the coarse nonwoven layer 23 is an outer layer of the press felt 11 and comprises unscitable fibers 24 having a denier of 50-300 detx.
  • the FIG. 3 shows a fabric according to the invention formed as Formiersieb 25 covering with a nonwoven layer 26 with splittable fibers 27, which are split in each case in 32 fiber segments.
  • the fibers 27 have an initial titer of 2 detx.
  • the fibers 27 of the nonwoven layer 26 differ from the fibers of the nonwoven layers 2 and 12 in that they comprise fiber segments of PET instead of PA. Furthermore, the fiber segments of the fibers 27 of the nonwoven layer 26 have a cross-sectional shape without edges, whereas those of the nonwoven layers 2 and 12 are rather flat.
  • the forming fabric 25 further comprises a woven support structure 28.
  • the nonwoven layer 26 is further compressed more in the region of the elevations of the woven support structure 28 than in regions of the support structure 28 without elevations, whereby a flat paper-side surface of the forming fabric 25 is formed.
  • the FIG. 4 shows a section of a paper machine 29 in which the inventive method for conditioning a circumferential fabric 30 is performed.
  • the fabric 30 has an outer nonwoven layer 31, the surface of which can be brought into contact with a paper web 34.
  • the conditioning is carried out, after which the paper web 34 has been separated from the clothing 30 and is continued on another clothing 35.
  • the nonwoven layer 31 of the fabric to be conditioned comprises splittable fibers.
  • the outer nonwoven layer 31 is pressurized with a pressurized jet of water 32 formed from a spray tube 33 such that the splittable fibers are split at least in sections along their longitudinal extent to form elongated fiber segments.
  • the method is preferably carried out such that essentially only the parts of the splittable fibers arranged in the region of the surface of the nonwoven layer 31 are split into fiber segments.
  • the fibers of the nonwoven layer 31 whose split fiber segments have been removed by abrasion during the production or further processing of the material web can be regenerated by creating new split fiber segments.
  • a regeneration of the surface of the clothing 30 coming into contact with the paper web 34 takes place, as a result of which the performance and service life of the clothing 30 according to the invention is markedly increased compared to conditioning processes in the case of known clothing.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electron micrograph of several split fibers, as they are used in a nonwoven layer of a fabric according to the invention.
  • the fibers shown are those which can be split into 32 fiber segments.
  • the individual segments have a width of about 5 microns, as can be seen from the scale below.
  • the unsplit fibers have a circular cross-sectional shape. By splitting 32 Segments generated with the same pie-shaped cross-sections.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a splittable fiber according to the invention in the non-split state ( Fig. 6a ) and in the split state ( Fig. 6b ).
  • the in the Fig. 6 split fiber 35 according to the invention is formed by a plurality of fiber segments 36a-36h, which are connected to each other to form the splittable fiber 35 in the unplaned state substantially along its entire longitudinal extent.
  • all fiber segments 36a-36h are formed from the same material. Furthermore, the fiber segments 36a-36h have at least partially mutually different cross-sectional areas.
  • the fiber segments 36a-36h are connected to each other by a sheath 37.
  • the order hüllung 37 can be solved in sections, whereby the fiber 35 in a "partially" split state, as in the Fig. 6b shown state is transferred.
  • the fiber segments 36a-36h along a longitudinal extent of the fiber 35 extending common portion 38 are arranged loosely to each other and along a longitudinal extension of the fiber adjoining further common portion 39 of the fiber 35 still connected by the enclosure 37 with each other ,

Abstract

Paper machine cover comprises a support structure and a nonwoven layer consisting of fibers split longitudinally to form elongated fiber segments. Independent claims are also included for: (1) producing a paper machine cover by carding a nonwoven layer consisting of longitudinally splittable fibers and splitting the fibers longitudinally to form elongated fiber segments; (2) conditioning a circulating cover with an outer layer whose surface is contactable with a transport or production material and which comprises a nonwoven layer with splittable fibers by impacting the outer layer with a pressurized fluid jet so that the splittable fibers are split longitudinally to form elongated fiber segments.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bespannung für eine Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Weiterverarbeitung einer Materialbahn, wie bspw. eine Faserstoff- und / oder Zellstoffbahn, insbesondere aber nicht ausschließliche eine Papiermaschinenbespannung, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung sowie ein Verfahren zur Konditionierung einer auf einer Maschine befindlichen und umlaufenden Bespannung.The invention relates to a fabric for a machine for producing and / or further processing a material web, such as a fibrous and / or pulp web, but in particular not exclusively a papermachine fabric, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for Production of a fabric according to the invention as well as a method for conditioning a machine clothing located on a rotating belt.

Bei Papiermaschinenbespannungen wird die Qualität des darauf hergestellten Papiers entscheidend durch die mit dem Papier in Kontakt kommende Oberfläche beeinflusst. Daher ist es seit langem Ziel bei der Entwicklung von Papiermaschinenbespannungen solche Oberflächen zu schaffen, die das Papier so wenig wie möglich markieren. So geht bspw. bei Pressfilzen der Trend zu immer feineren Fasern für die Herstellung möglichst glatter Vlieslagen.In papermachine clothing, the quality of the paper made thereon is critically affected by the surface in contact with the paper. Therefore, it has long been a goal in the development of papermachine clothing to provide such surfaces that mark the paper as little as possible. Thus, for example, in the case of press felts, the trend is towards ever finer fibers for producing as smooth as possible nonwoven layers.

Des Weiteren ist es zur Erzielung steigender Trockengehalte bei immer schneller laufenden Papiermaschinen notwendig Vlieslagen bereitzustellen, die besser als die heutigen Vlieslagen eine Rückbefeuchtung der Papierbahn bspw. im Pressnip verhindern. Auch für diese Anwendung sind Vlieslagen mit feineren als bisher möglichen Porenstrukturen notwendig, um erhöhte Kapillardrücke bereitzustellen. Solche lassen sich ebenfalls mit immer feineren Fasern herstellen.Furthermore, in order to achieve increasing dry contents, it is necessary to provide nonwoven layers which are better able to prevent rewet of the paper web, for example, in the press nip, with increasingly faster paper machines. Nonwoven layers with finer than previously possible pore structures are also necessary for this application in order to provide increased capillary pressures. Such can also be produced with increasingly fine fibers.

Technologisch können momentan keine Fasern mit einem Titer von weniger als ca. 2detx zu Vlieslagen mittels Kardieren verarbeitet werden, wodurch der Bereitstellung immer feinerer Vlieslagen für die Herstellungen von Papiermaschinenbespannungen Grenzen gesetzt sind.Technologically, no fibers with a denier of less than about 2 detx to nonwoven layers can currently be carded, thereby providing ever finer nonwoven layers for the manufacture of papermachine clothing Limits are set.

Die WO 99/32715 offenbart ein Pressfilz mit einer Vlieslage mit fibrillierten Fasern um eine feine Papierseite bereitzustellen.WO 99/32715 discloses a press felt having a nonwoven layer with fibrillated fibers to provide a fine paper side.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Bespannung, insbesondere Papiermaschinenbespannung vorzuschlagen, durch welche die oben beschriebenen Nachteile überwunden werden.It is the object of the present invention to propose a covering, in particular paper machine clothing, by which the disadvantages described above are overcome.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Bespannung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The object is achieved by a covering with the features of claim 1.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird eine Bespannung für eine Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Weiterverarbeitung einer Materialbahn, insbesondere einer Faserstoffbahn, die eine Trägerstruktur und eine Vlieslage hat bereitgestellt, wobei die Vlieslage Fasern umfasst, die zur Ausbildung von lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten, zumindest abschnittweise im wesentlichen entlang ihrer Längserstreckung splittbar sind und / oder die unter Ausbildung von lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten, zumindest abschnittweise im wesentlichen entlang ihrer Längserstreckung gesplittet sind, wobei bei einer splittbaren Faser nach dem Splitten die Fasersegmente in einem gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser nicht mehr miteinander verbunden sind wohingegen die Fasersegmente in einem anderen gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser noch miteinander verbunden sindAccording to the invention, a covering for a machine for the production and / or further processing of a material web, in particular a fibrous web, which has a carrier structure and a nonwoven layer has been provided, wherein the nonwoven layer comprises fibers which, for the formation of elongated fiber segments, at least in sections substantially along their longitudinal extension are splittable and / or the formation of elongated fiber segments, at least in sections substantially along its longitudinal extent are split, wherein in a splittable fiber after splitting the fiber segments in a common portion of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer interconnected whereas the Fiber segments are still connected together in another common portion of the longitudinal extent of the fiber

Die splittbaren Fasern im Sinne der Erfindung sind in eine Vielzahl von Fasersegmenten splittbar, wobei sich die Fasersegmente in die ursprüngliche Längserstreckung der splittbaren Faser erstrecken. Nach dem Splitten bildet eine splittbare Faser im Sinne der Erfindung in ihrer Längserstreckung zuerst einen aus den Fasersegmenten gebildeten Abschnitt und daran anschließend einen noch ungesplitteten Faseranteil aus, in den alle Fasersegmente der Faser übergehen. Bei einer gesplitteten Faser im Sinne der Erfindung sind demnach die Fasersegmente in einem gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser nicht mehr miteinander verbunden und in einem anderen gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Faser noch miteinander verbunden. Demzufolge ist das eine längsseitige Ende eines Fasersegments lose und das andere längsseitige Ende eines Fasersegments mit den anderen längsseitigen Enden der anderen Fasersegmente dieser Faser verbunden.The splittable fibers according to the invention are splittable into a plurality of fiber segments, wherein the fiber segments extend into the original longitudinal extent of the splittable fiber. After splitting, a splittable fiber in the sense of the invention forms in its longitudinal extent at first a section formed from the fiber segments and subsequently an as yet unsplit fiber part into which all fiber segments of the fiber merge. at According to the invention, therefore, the fiber segments in a common section of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer connected to one another and are still connected to one another in another common section of the fiber. As a result, one longitudinal end of one fiber segment is loosely connected and the other longitudinal end of one fiber segment is connected to the other longitudinal ends of the other fiber segments of that fiber.

Diese Eigenschaft der gesplitteten Fasern ist im Unterschied zu einer fibrillierten Faser zu sehen, bei der nach dem Fibrillieren ein gemeinsamer Faserstamm übrig bleibt, mit dem alle Fibrillen verbunden sind, wobei bei einer fibrillierten Faser in Längserstreckung der Faser kein gemeinsamer lose Fibrillen umfassender Abschnitt und ein daran anschließender miteinander verbundene Fibrillen umfassender Abschnitt gebildet wird.This property of the split fibers is unlike a fibrillated fiber which, after fibrillation, leaves a common fiber stem to which all fibrils are bonded, with a fibrillated fiber in Longitudinal extension of the fiber no common loose fibrils comprehensive section and an adjoining interconnected fibrils comprehensive section is formed.

Der gesplitte Abschnitt einer splittbaren Faser im Sinne der Erfindung kann demzufolge beispielsweise aus einer Vielzahl von Fasersegmenten gleicher Größenordnung oder gleicher Größe, bspw. gleicher Querschnittfläche, gebildet werden, wohingegen eine fibrillierte Faser eine Vielzahl von Fibrillen und einen Faserstamm ausbildet, an dem die Fibrillen befestigt sind. Im letzt genannten Fall ist der Faserstamm größer als die Fibirillen.The split section of a splittable fiber according to the invention can therefore be formed, for example, from a plurality of fiber segments of the same size or the same size, for example the same cross-sectional area, whereas a fibrillated fiber forms a multiplicity of fibrils and a fiber trunk to which the fibrils are attached are. In the latter case, the fiber strain is larger than the fibroids.

Durch die Bereitstellung einer Bespannung mit splittbaren Fasern, die entweder bereits gesplittet sind oder noch gesplittet werden, bspw. während des Papierherstellungsprozesses, ist es möglich eine Vlieslage mit so dünnen Fasersegmenten zu erzeugen, wie dies mit den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Fasern nicht möglich war. Eine solche Vlieslage zeichnet sich durch eine feine und glatte Oberfläche mit wenig Markierungsneigung für die darauf produzierte Materialbahn aus. Des weiteren weist eine solche Vlieslage extrem feine Poren auf und kann daher als Anti-Rewet Lage mit erhöhter Funktionalität Verwendung finden.By providing a covering with splittable fibers which are either already split or still being split, for example during the papermaking process, it is possible to produce a nonwoven layer with fiber segments as thin as is not possible with the fibers known from the prior art was. Such a nonwoven layer is characterized by a fine and smooth surface with little marking tendency for the material web produced thereon. Furthermore, such a nonwoven layer has extremely fine pores and can therefore be used as an anti-rewet layer with increased functionality.

Es sind unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten denkbar, wie eine splittbare Faser im Sinne der Erfindung aufgebaut sein kann. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass eine splittbare Fasern durch Fasersegmente gebildet wird, die zur Ausbildung der ungesplitteten Faser vor dem Splitten im wesentlichen entlang ihrer gesamten Längserstreckung miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Verbindung durch äußere Einwirkung lösbar ist. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind dann bei der gesplitteten Faser die Fasersegmente entlang eines sich in Längserstreckung der Faser erstreckenden gemeinsamen Abschnitts zueinander lose angeordnet und entlang eines sich in Längserstreckung der Faser daran anschließenden weiteren gemeinsamen Abschnitts der Faser nach wie vor miteinander verbunden.There are different possibilities conceivable how a splittable fiber can be constructed within the meaning of the invention. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that a splittable fibers is formed by fiber segments which are connected to each other to form the un-split fiber before splitting along substantially its entire longitudinal extent, wherein the compound is releasable by external action. In this embodiment of the invention, the fiber segments are then arranged loosely to one another along a common section extending in the longitudinal extent of the fiber in the split fiber and are still connected to one another along a further common section of the fiber adjoining in the longitudinal extent of the fiber.

Die Fasersegmente können bspw. eine Querschnittsfläche im µm-Bereich oder kleiner haben.The fiber segments may, for example, have a cross-sectional area in the μm range or smaller.

Die splittbaren Fasern können sowohl in eine gerade als auch in eine ungerade Anzahl Fasersegmente splittbar sein.The splittable fibers can be split into both even and odd number of fiber segments.

Bevorzugte splittbare Faser sind bspw. in zumindest 2 oder 4 oder 16 oder 32 oder 64 oder mehr Fasersegmente splittbar, wobei die Fasersegmente ausgehend vom Durchmesser der Ausgangsfaser mit steigender Fasersegmentzahl immer dünner werden, wodurch die durch diese erzeugten Vlieslagen eine immer feinere Porenstruktur und glattere Oberfläche haben. Durch die Segmentierbarkeit der splittbaren Fasern lässt sich auch die Permeabilität der Vlieslage beeinflussen.Preferred splittable fibers are splittable, for example, into at least 2 or 4 or 16 or 32 or 64 or more fiber segments, the fiber segments becoming ever thinner as the fiber segment number increases starting from the diameter of the starting fiber, as a result of which the nonwoven layers produced thereby become ever finer and have a smoother surface to have. The segmentability of the splittable fibers can also influence the permeability of the nonwoven layer.

Vorzugsweise ist die splittbare Faser in Fasersegmente gleicher Querschnittsform und / oder Fläche splittbar. Es sind aber auch Anwendungsfälle denkbar, bei denen es sinnvoll ist, wenn die splittbare Faser in Fasersegmente ungleicher Querschnittsform und / oder Fläche splittbar ist.Preferably, the splittable fiber is splittable into fiber segments of the same cross-sectional shape and / or area. But there are also applications conceivable in which it makes sense if the splittable fiber is split into fiber segments unequal cross-sectional shape and / or surface.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die splittbare Faser Fasersegmente umfasst, die aus zueinander unterschiedlichen Materialien gebildet werden. Durch die splittbare Faser können somit auf einfache Art und Weise eine Vielzahl Funktionen und Eigenschaften in der Vlieslage bereitgestellt werden. So kann bspw. ein Fasersegment zur verbesserten mechanischen Stabilität der Vlieslage beitragen, indem sich diese an Kreuzungsstellen mit anderen Fasersegmenten verbindet. Ein anderes Fasersegment der splittbaren Faser kann bspw. die hydrophoben oder hydrophilen Eigenschaften der Vlieslage beeinflussen. Wiederum ein anders Fasersegment weist bspw. bestimmte elastische Eigenschaften auf, durch die bewirkt wird, dass die Vlieslage nach dem Ende einer Krafteinwirkung schnell ihre Ausgangsgestalt annimmt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the splittable fiber comprises fiber segments, which are formed from mutually different materials. The splittable fiber can thus be used to provide a multiplicity of functions and properties in the nonwoven layer in a simple manner. Thus, for example, a fiber segment can contribute to the improved mechanical stability of the nonwoven layer by connecting at intersections with other fiber segments. Another fiber segment of the splittable fiber can, for example, influence the hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties of the nonwoven layer. Again, another fiber segment has, for example, certain elastic properties which cause the nonwoven layer to quickly assume its initial shape after the end of a force.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch denkbar, dass alle Fasersegmente einer splittbaren Faser aus dem gleichen Material gebildet werden, wobei aneinander angrenzende Fasersegmente jeweils eine Grenzfläche ausbilden.Of course, it is also conceivable that all fiber segments of a splittbaren Fiber are formed of the same material, wherein adjoining fiber segments each form an interface.

Nach einer konkreten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind flächig aneinander grenzende Segmente aus zueinander unterschiedlichen Materialen gebildet, die zueinander eine Grenzfläche ausbilden. Das Material umfasst hierbei vorzugsweise ein polymeres Material, welches allein oder in Kombination PA, PE, PET, PPS, PEEK, PU oder Polypropylen umfassen kann.According to a specific embodiment of the invention, flat adjacent segments of mutually different materials are formed, which form an interface to each other. In this case, the material preferably comprises a polymeric material which, alone or in combination, may comprise PA, PE, PET, PPS, PEEK, PU or polypropylene.

Um einerseits sicherzustellen, dass die splittbaren Fasern zu einer Vlieslage verarbeitbar sind und andererseits eine ausreichend leichte Splittbarkeit der Fasern in der fertig gestellten Vlieslage zu gewährleisten, sieht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, dass aneinander grenzende Fasersegmente mittels Adhäsionskräften miteinander verbunden sind. Weitere Möglichkeiten der Verbindung der Fasersegmente sind Verklebungen mit Klebstoffen die möglicherweise später gelöst werden können und nicht zwangsläufig auf mechanische Beanspruchung reagieren oder alt Verklebungen die durch mechanische Belastung splitten. Eine zumindest teilweise Ummantlung der Faser ist auch denkbar, die dann vollständig oder teilweise gelöst werden kann um die Faser in Fasersegmente zu splitten. Denkbar ist auch, dass es Zonen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften gibt, wobei ein Bereich stärker als ein anderer splittet, hierbei ist eine Bandbreite von vollständig splittbar bis gar nicht splittbar möglich.On the one hand, to ensure that the splittable fibers can be processed to form a nonwoven layer and, on the other hand, to ensure sufficiently easy splittability of the fibers in the finished nonwoven layer, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that adjoining fiber segments are connected to one another by means of adhesion forces. Other ways of connecting the fiber segments are adhesions with adhesives that may be solved later and do not necessarily respond to mechanical stress or old splices that split by mechanical stress. An at least partial encasing of the fiber is also conceivable, which can then be completely or partially dissolved in order to split the fiber into fiber segments. It is also conceivable that there are zones with different properties, with one area splitting more than another, in this case a bandwidth from completely splitable to not splittable is possible.

Für unterschiedlichste Anwendungen ist es notwendig, dass die Fasern unterschiedlich leicht splittbar sind. So kann es bspw. bei einer Vlieslage, die die mit der Papierbahn in Kontakt kommende Oberfläche der Papiermaschinenbespannung bildet sinnvoll sein, dass deren splittbaren Fasern leicht splittbar sind, so dass sich bei Abrasion der gesplitteten Faserteile die Oberfläche der Bespannung bspw. durch Splitten der noch ungesplitteten Faserteile mit Hochdruckwasserstrahl leicht regenerieren lässt. Andererseits ist eine leichte Splittbarkeit bspw. bei Fasern in einer Vlieslage im Inneren der Papiermaschinenbespannung nicht notwendig und gewünscht, da hier keine Abrasion der Fasern gegeben ist. Demzufolge sieht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, dass splittbare Fasern mit unterschiedlicher Splittbarkeit vorgesehen sind. Dies soll sowohl umfassen, dass in einer einzigen Vlieslage splittbare Fasern sind, die unterschiedliche Splittbarkeit haben als auch dass verschiedene Vlieslagen produziert werden können unter Verwendung von splittbaren Fasern unterschiedlicher Splittbarkeit.For a wide variety of applications, it is necessary that the fibers can be split with different degrees of ease. Thus, it may be useful, for example, in the case of a nonwoven layer which forms the surface of the papermachine fabric coming into contact with the paper web, that its splittable fibers can be split easily, so that the surface of the fabric, for example by splitting, still remains when the split fiber parts are abraded Easy to regenerate un-split fiber parts with high-pressure water jet. On the other hand, a slight splittability, for example, in fibers in a nonwoven layer inside the paper machine clothing is not necessary and desired, since there is no abrasion of the fibers. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that splittable fibers are provided with different splittability. This is intended to encompass both splittable fibers that have different splittability in a single nonwoven layer and that different nonwoven layers can be produced using splittable fibers of different splittability.

Sind mehrere Vlieslagen mit splittbaren Fasern vorgesehen, wobei eine diese Vlieslagen eine äußere Vlieslage ist, so ist es sinnvoll, wenn die splittbaren Fasern der äußeren Vlieslage leichter splittbar sind als die splittbaren Fasern der mittleren Vlieslage.If several nonwoven layers are provided with splittable fibers, wherein one of these nonwoven layers is an outer nonwoven layer, then it makes sense if the splittable fibers of the outer nonwoven layer are more easily splittable than the splittable fibers of the middle nonwoven layer.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Splittbarkeit der Fasern abhängig von der Stärke der Adhäsionskräfte einstellbar oder durch die Stärke der Umhüllung oder Lösbarkeit der Umhüllung einstellbar.Advantageously, the chippability of the fibers is adjustable as a function of the strength of the adhesion forces or can be set by the strength of the sheathing or solubility of the sheath.

Um eine Faser bereitzustellen, die auf der einen Seite noch mit dem Kardierverfahren zu einem Vlies verarbeitbar ist und die auf der anderen Seite aber ausreichend fein ist, um im gesplitteten Zustand feinste Fasersegmente, wie bspw. Mikrofasern zu bilden ist es sinnvoll, wenn die splittbare Faser in ungesplittem Zustand einen Titer von 1,7dtex bis 20detx, vorzugsweise von 2detx bis 6,7 detx hat.In order to provide a fiber that is still processable on the one hand with the carding process to a nonwoven and on the other hand but sufficiently fine to form in the split state finest fiber segments, such as microfibers, it makes sense if the splittbare Fiber in an unsplit state has a titer of 1.7dtex to 20detx, preferably from 2detx to 6.7 detx.

Des weiteren kann es auch sinnvoll sein sehr grobe Fasern einzusetzen. In diesem Fall kann das Vlies einfach durch wenig grobe Fasern kardiert werden, die nachfolgend zu feinen Fasersegmenten gesplittet werden. Vorzugsweise umfassen die splittbaren Fasern hierzu einen Bereich von 1 bis 350 dtex.Furthermore, it may also be useful to use very coarse fibers. In this case, the web can be simply carded by a few coarse fibers, which are subsequently split into fine fiber segments. For this purpose, the splittable fibers preferably comprise a range of 1 to 350 dtex.

Eine splittbare Faser, die den erfindungsgemäßen Anforderungen entspricht wird im Moment unter dem Markennamen EVOLON von der Firma Freudenberg AG vertrieben.A splittable fiber which meets the requirements according to the invention is currently sold by the company Freudenberg AG under the brand name EVOLON .

Zur individuellen Einstellung der Vlieslage auf deren konkreten Anwendungszweck ist es sinnvoll, wenn die Vlieslage splittbare Fasern mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften umfasst.For individual adjustment of the nonwoven layer to its specific application, it makes sense if the nonwoven layer includes splittable fibers with different properties.

Des weiteren kann es für manche Anwendungszwecke sinnvoll sein, wenn die Vlieslage neben den splittbaren Fasern auch unsplittbare Fasern umfasst. Unsplittbare Fasern können bspw. dazu verwendet werden, die Porenstruktur (Void Volume) und / oder der Permeabilität des Vlieses einzustellen. Des weiteren kann es sich bei den unsplittbaren Fasern um Schmelzklebefasern handeln, die zur Verbesserung der Stabilität des Vlieses und / oder zur Verbesserung der Verbindung des von Vlieslagen untereinander beitragen.Furthermore, it may be useful for some applications, if the nonwoven layer in addition to the splittable fibers also includes unsplittbare fibers. Splittable fibers can be used, for example, to adjust the pore structure (void volume) and / or the permeability of the nonwoven. Furthermore, the unspittable fibers can be melt-bonded fibers which contribute to improving the stability of the nonwoven and / or to improving the bonding of nonwoven layers to one another.

In die Vlieslage mit den splittbaren Fasern können auch bspw. in einem Lösungsmittel gelöste Partikel oder pulverförmige Partikel eingebracht werden, um eine extrem feine Oberfläche mit exakt einstellbarer Permeabilität zu erhalten. Eine solche Lage weist des weiteren sehr gute Papierabnahmeeigenschaften (sheet release) auf. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht deshalb vor, dass die Vlieslage mit den splittbaren Fasern Polymerpartikel umfasst.In the nonwoven layer with the splittable fibers, it is also possible, for example, to introduce particles or pulverulent particles dissolved in a solvent in order to obtain an extremely fine surface with precisely adjustable permeability. Such a layer also has very good paper release properties (sheet release). A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the nonwoven layer with the splittable fibers comprises polymer particles.

Nach einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind bei der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung mehrere Vlieslagen mit splittbaren Fasern vorgesehen. So ist es bspw. denkbar zur Bereitstellung einer glatten und markierungsfreien Oberfläche, dass die Bespannung eine äußere und mit der Materialbahn in Kontakt bringbare Lage hat, die durch eine der Vlieslagen mit den splittbaren Fasern gebildet wird. Des weiteren kann in der Bespannung eine Anti-Rückbefeuchtungslage (Anti-Rewet-Layer) vorgesehen sein, die eine zwischen den beiden äußeren Lagen angeordnete mittlere Vlieslage mit splittbaren Fasern ist. In diesem Fall sind bspw. die splittbaren Fasern der äußeren Vlieslage in mehr Fasersegmente splittbar als die splittbaren Fasern der mittleren Vlieslage.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of nonwoven layers are provided with splittable fibers in the invention covering. Thus, for example, it is conceivable for providing a smooth and mark-free surface that the fabric has an outer layer which can be brought into contact with the material web and which is formed by one of the nonwoven layers with the splittable fibers. Furthermore, an anti-rewetting layer (anti-rewet layer) can be provided in the fabric, which is a middle nonwoven layer with splittable fibers arranged between the two outer layers. In this case, for example, the splittable fibers of the outer nonwoven layer can be split into more fiber segments than the splittable fibers of the middle nonwoven layer.

Die unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften verschiedenen Vlieslagen mit den splittbaren Fasern entsprechend den unterschiedlichen Anforderungen lassen sich vorzugsweise dadurch einstellen, dass in zumindest einer der mehreren Vlieslagen splittbare Fasern vorgesehen sind, die im Vergleich zu den splittbaren Fasern der anderen Vlieslagen zumindest eine unterschiedliche Eigenschaft haben.The different properties of different fleece layers with the splittbaren Fibers according to the different requirements can preferably be adjusted by providing splittable fibers in at least one of the plurality of nonwoven layers which have at least one different property compared to the splittable fibers of the other nonwoven layers.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung kann, abhängig von deren Einsatzzweck, zur Einstellung der gewünschten Eigenschaft selbstverständlich auch zumindest eine Vlieslage mit unsplittbaren Fasern vorgesehen sein. Des weiteren können selbstverständlich alle anderen, in der Technologie der Papiermaschinenbespannung bekannten Lagen zum Aufbau einer Bespannung in der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung Verwendung finden.Of course, at least one nonwoven layer with unsplittable fibers can also be provided in the fabric according to the invention, depending on its intended use, for setting the desired property. Furthermore, of course, all other known in the technology of paper machine clothing layers for building a fabric in the fabric of the invention can be used.

Die Trägerstruktur der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung kann allein oder in Kombination umfassen: ein oder mehrere Gewebe, eine oder mehrere uni- oder multidirektionale Fadenanordnungen, eine nicht gewobene flächige Struktur, die bspw. gegossen sein kann, eine Folie.The support structure of the fabric according to the invention may comprise alone or in combination: one or more fabrics, one or more unidirectional or multidirectional thread arrangements, a nonwoven planar structure which may, for example, be cast, a film.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bespannung ist vorzugsweise eine Papiermaschinenbespannung, insbesondere ein Pressfilz, ein Formiersieb oder ein Trockensieb. Die erfindungsgemäße Bespannung ist hierbei für die Herstellung aller bekannten Papiersorten einschließlich Karton oder Tissue einsetzbar.The fabric according to the invention is preferably a papermachine fabric, in particular a press felt, a forming fabric or a dryer fabric. The fabric of the invention can be used for the production of all known types of paper including cardboard or tissue.

So kann bspw. durch die Bereitstellung der Vlieslage mit den splittbaren Fasern auf der Papierseite ein erfindungsgemäßes Formiersieb mit extrem wenig Markierungsneigung und gleichzeitig gesteigertem Entwässerungsverhalten -weniger Rückbefeuchtung und erhöhte Retention- gegenüber dem Stand der Technik geschaffen werden.Thus, for example, by providing the nonwoven layer with the splittable fibers on the paper side, a forming fabric according to the invention with extremely little marking tendency and at the same time increased drainage behavior-less rewetting and increased retention-can be created compared with the prior art.

Des weiteren kann bspw. ein erfindungsgemäßes Trockensieb geschaffen werden, welches eine extrem glatte papierseitige Oberfläche und damit eine deutlich verbesserte Bahnführung und geringeres Luftschleppen als die aus dem Stand der Die erfindungsgemäße Bespannung kann auch als Siebbandfilter in einer Anlage zur Stoffaufbereitung, wie diese bspw. unter der Marke Variosplit der Firma Voith vertrieben wird, Verwendung finden.Furthermore, for example, an inventive dryer fabric can be created, which has an extremely smooth paper-side surface and thus a significantly improved web guide and lower air drag than that of the prior The fabric according to the invention can also be used as a filter belt filter in a plant for stock preparation, as it is sold, for example, under the trademark Variosplit from Voith.

Des Weiteren kann die erfindungsgemäße Bespannung in einer Maschine zur Herstellung von Zellstoff Verwendung finden.Furthermore, the fabric according to the invention can be used in a machine for the production of pulp.

Es ist des Weiteren die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung vorzuschlagen.It is further the object of the invention to propose a method for producing a fabric according to the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bespannung für eine Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Weiterverarbeitung einer Materialbahn mit den folgenden Schritten bereitgestellt:

  • Kardieren einer Vlieslage unter Verwendung von Fasern, die im wesentlichen entlang ihrer Längserstreckung splittbar sind,
  • zumindest abschnittweises Splitten zumindest eines Teils der Fasern im wesentlichen entlang ihrer Längserstreckung, zur Ausbildung von lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten, wobei bei einer splittbaren Faser nach dem Splitten die Fasersegmente in einem gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser nicht mehr miteinander verbunden sind wohingegen die Fasersegmente in einem anderen gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser noch miteinander verbunden sind
According to the invention, a method for producing a covering for a machine for producing and / or further processing a material web is provided with the following steps:
  • Carding a nonwoven layer using fibers which are splittable substantially along its longitudinal extent,
  • at least partially splitting at least a portion of the fibers substantially along their longitudinal extent to form elongated fiber segments, wherein in a splittable fiber after splitting the fiber segments in a common portion of the longitudinal extent of the fiber are no longer interconnected whereas the fiber segments are in another common portion of the longitudinal extent of the fiber are still connected to each other

Es wird demzufolge zuerst durch den Kardierprozess eine Vlieslage mit Fasern erzeugt, die beim Kardieren verarbeitbar sind. Anschließend werden die Fasern in der hergestellten Vlieslage in dünnere, mit dem Kardierprozess nicht verarbeitbare Bündel aus lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten gesplittet um eine Vlieslage mit einer feinen Porenstruktur und einer glatten Oberfläche zu erhalten.It is therefore first generated by the carding a fleece layer with fibers that are processable during carding. Subsequently, the fibers in the produced nonwoven layer are split into thinner bundles of elongated fiber segments which can not be processed by the carding process in order to obtain a nonwoven layer having a fine pore structure and a smooth surface.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist selbstverständlich auch bei der Weiterentwicklung des Kardierverfahrens hin zur Verarbeitbarkeit von immer kleineren Faserdurchmesser, wie diese heute noch nicht denkbar sind, entsprechend anwendbar.The inventive method is of course also in the further development of the carding process towards the processability of ever smaller fiber diameter, as they are not yet conceivable today, accordingly applicable.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass nach dem Kardieren der splittbaren Fasern zu der Vlieslage und vor dem Splitten der Fasern in der Vlieslage, die Vlieslage mit der darunter liegenden Lage der Bespannung verbunden, insbesondere vemadelt wird.A particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that after carding the splittable fibers to the nonwoven layer and before splitting the fibers in the nonwoven layer, the nonwoven layer connected to the underlying layer of the fabric, in particular needling.

Alternativ dazu ist es auch denkbar, dass die Vlieslage erst nach dem Splitten der Fasern mit der darunter liegenden Lage der Bespannung verbunden wird, insbesondere vemadelt wird.Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the nonwoven layer is connected after the splitting of the fibers with the underlying layer of the fabric, in particular needling.

Des weiteren ist es auch möglich, beide Ausführungsformen miteinander zu kombinieren, d.h. die splittbaren Fasern nach dem kardieren der Vlieslage und vor dem Verbinden mit der darunter liegenden Lage teilweise zu splitten und dann anschließend nach dem verbinden der Vlieslage die splittbaren Fasern weiter zu splitten oder andere in der Vlieslage befindliche splittbare Fasern zu splitten.Furthermore, it is also possible to combine both embodiments, i. splitting the splittable fibers partially after carding the nonwoven layer and before bonding to the underlying layer and then subsequently further splitting the splittable fibers after bonding the nonwoven layer or splitting other splittable fibers present in the nonwoven layer.

Zum Splitten der Fasern kann ein mechanisches Verfahren, wie bspw. mittels einem unter Druck stehenden Fluidstrahl, und / oder ein chemisches Verfahren verwendet werden. Mit einem chemischen Verfahren kann bspw. eine säureempfindliche Verklebung zwischen den Fasersegmenten zur Bewirkung der Splittung aufgelöst werden. Des weiteren ist es denkbar, mittels dem chemischen Verfahren eine wasserlösliche die Segmente miteinander verbindende Komponente aufzulösen.For splitting the fibers, a mechanical method, such as by means of a pressurized fluid jet, and / or a chemical method may be used. For example, an acid-sensitive bond between the fiber segments may be dissolved by a chemical process to effect the splitting. Furthermore, it is conceivable to dissolve by means of the chemical process a water-soluble component connecting the segments to one another.

Es ist des weiteren die Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Konditionierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung auf der bahnverarbeitenden bzw. bahnherstellenden Maschine, insbesondere Papiermaschine, vorzuschlagen.It is further the object of the invention to propose a method for conditioning a fabric according to the invention on the web-processing or web-making machine, in particular a paper machine.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren zum Konditionieren einer in einer Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Weiterverarbeitung einer Materialbahn umlaufenden Bespannung bereitgestellt, wobei die Bespannung eine äußere Lage hat, deren Oberfläche mit der Materialbahn in Kontakt bringbar ist und wobei die äußere Lage eine Vlieslage mit splittbaren Fasern umfasst, wobei zur Konditionierung die äußere Lage mit einem unter Druck stehenden Fluidstrahl derart beaufschlagt wird, dass die splittbaren Fasern zumindest abschnittweise entlang deren Längserstreckung unter Ausbildung von lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten gesplittet werden, wobei bei einer splittbaren Faser nach dem Splitten die Fasersegmente in einem gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser nicht mehr miteinander verbunden sind wohingegen die Fasersegmente in einem anderen gemeinsamen Abschnitt der Längserstreckung der Faser noch miteinander verbunden sindAccording to the invention, a method for conditioning a circulating in a machine for producing and / or further processing a material web Covering provided, wherein the fabric has an outer layer, the surface of which is brought into contact with the material web and wherein the outer layer comprises a nonwoven layer with splittable fibers, wherein for conditioning the outer layer is acted upon with a pressurized fluid jet such that the splittable fibers are split at least in sections along their longitudinal extension to form elongated fiber segments, wherein in a splittable fiber after splitting the fiber segments in a common portion of the longitudinal extension of the fiber are no longer interconnected whereas the fiber segments in another common portion of the longitudinal extension of the Fiber are still connected to each other

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, bei dem, bspw. durch Abrasion während des Herstellungs- oder Weiterverarbeitungsprozesses der Materialbahn von der Vlieslage abgetragene gesplittete Faserteile durch neue gesplittete Faserteile ersetzt werden. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass bei der Konditionierung zur Regenerierung der mit der Materialbahn in Kontakt kommenden Oberfläche der Bespannung durch Splitten neue gesplittete Fasersegmente erzeugt werden, wodurch die Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensdauer der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung deutlich erhöht wird im Vergleich zu Konditionierungsverfahren bei bekannten Bespannungen.According to the invention, a method is proposed in which, for example, by abrasion during the manufacturing or further processing process of the web of material removed from the nonwoven layer split fiber parts are replaced by new split fiber parts. This is achieved by the fact that new split fiber segments are produced by splitting during regeneration of the surface of the fabric coming into contact with the material web, whereby the performance and service life of the fabric according to the invention is markedly increased in comparison to conditioning processes in known fabrics.

Durch die Verwendung eines Fluidstrahls zum Splitten kann auf eine einfache und zuverlässige Technologie zurückgegriffen werden, die sich für die Verwendung in bahnverarbeitenden Maschinen bewährt hat. Des Weiteren können bereits in der Maschine installierte Fluidstrahleinrichtungen, wie bspw. Spritzrohre oder Fluidstrahlreinigungsvorrichtungen ebenfalls zur erfindungsgemäßen Konditionierung verwendet werden.By using a fluid jet for splitting, a simple and reliable technology can be used, which has proven itself for use in web-processing machines. Furthermore, fluid jet devices already installed in the machine, such as, for example, spray tubes or fluid jet cleaning devices, can likewise be used for conditioning according to the invention.

Zur Konditionierung der mit der Materialbahn in Kontakt kommenden Oberfläche der Bespannung ist es sinnvoll, wenn die splittbaren Fasern zumindest im Bereich der Oberfläche der Vlieslage gesplittet werden.For conditioning the surface of the fabric coming into contact with the material web, it makes sense if the splittable fibers are split at least in the area of the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass dieBeaufschlagung mit dem Fluidstrahl derart erfolgt, dass im wesentlichen nur die im Bereich der Oberfläche angeordneten Teile der splittbaren Fasern in Fasersegmente gesplittet werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the application of the fluid jet takes place in such a way that essentially only the parts of the splittable fibers arranged in the region of the surface are arranged in fiber segments be split.

Das erfindungsgemäße Konditionierungsverfahren wird vorzugsweise während des Produktionsprozesses durchgeführt, wodurch Stillstandszeiten reduziert werden.The conditioning method according to the invention is preferably carried out during the production process, whereby downtimes are reduced.

Des weiteren ist es durchaus denkbar, dass die Fluidbeaufschlagung derart erfolgt, dass die Bespannung gleichzeitig während dem Splitten der Fasern gereinigt wird.Furthermore, it is quite conceivable that the fluid is applied so that the fabric is cleaned simultaneously during the splitting of the fibers.

Die Erfindung soll im weiteren anhand der nachfolgenden schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform einer als Pressfilz ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung,
Fig. 2
eine zweite Ausführungsform einer als Pressfilz ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung,
Fig. 3
eine dritte Ausführungsform einer als Formiersieb ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung,
Fig. 4
eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Konditionierungsverfahrens,
Fig. 5
eine elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahme mehrerer gesplitteter Fasern, wie diese in der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung Verwendung finden
Fig. 6
eine splittbare Faser im Sinne der Erfindung im ungesplitteten und gesplitteten Zustand.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the following schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a fabric according to the invention designed as a press felt,
Fig. 2
a second embodiment of a fabric according to the invention designed as a press felt,
Fig. 3
a third embodiment of a lining according to the invention designed as a forming fabric,
Fig. 4
an apparatus for carrying out the conditioning method according to the invention,
Fig. 5
an electron micrograph of several split fibers, as they are used in the clothing according to the invention
Fig. 6
a splittable fiber according to the invention in the unsplit and split state.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer als Pressfilz 1 ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung. Das Pressfilz 1 weist eine äußere obere und mit der Papierbahn in Kontakt bringbare Vlieslage 2 mit splittbaren Fasern 3 auf, die abschnittweise bereits gesplittet und abschnittweise ungesplittet sind. Im vorliegenden Zustand des Pressfilzes 1 sind im wesentlichen nur die im Bereich der mit der Papierbahn in Kontakt bringbaren Oberfläche der Vlieslage 2 angeordneten Teile der splittbaren Fasern 3 in Fasersegmente gesplittet.The FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a running as a press felt 1 fabric according to the invention. The press felt 1 has an outer upper and can be brought into contact with the paper web nonwoven layer 2 with splittable fibers 3, which are already partially split and partially unsplit. In the present state of the press felt 1, only the parts of the splittable fibers 3 which are arranged in the region of the surface of the nonwoven layer 2 which can be brought into contact with the paper web are essentially split into fiber segments.

Die Fasern 3 der Vlieslage 2 haben in ungesplittetem Zustand eine kreisrunde Querschnittsform und sind derart ausgelegt, dass diese in 32 Fasersegmente splittbar sind. Hierbei werden Fasersegmente gleicher Querschnittsform, diese ist tortenstückförmig, und Fläche gebildet.The fibers 3 of the nonwoven layer 2 have a circular cross-sectional shape in the unplated state and are designed such that they can be split into 32 fiber segments. In this case, fiber segments of the same cross-sectional shape, this is pie slice shaped, and surface formed.

Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel umfassen die splittbaren Fasern 3 Fasersegmente, die aus zueinander unterschiedlichen Materialien gebildet werden. Konkret bedeutet dies, dass die in ungesplitteten Zustand der Faser 3 flächig aneinander grenzenden Segmente abwechselnd aus PA und PE gebildet sind, so dass diese zueinander eine Grenzfläche ausbilden.In the present embodiment, the splittable fibers 3 comprise fiber segments which are formed from mutually different materials. In concrete terms, this means that the segments which adjoin one another flat in the unsplit state of the fiber 3 are formed alternately from PA and PE, so that they form an interface with one another.

Im ungesplitteten Zustand werden die aneinander grenzenden Fasersegmente mittels Adhäsionskräften miteinander verbunden. Zum Splitten der Fasern 3 wird vorzugsweise ein Hochdruckwasserstrahl eingesetzt.In the unsplit state, the adjoining fiber segments are joined together by means of adhesion forces. For splitting the fibers 3, a high-pressure water jet is preferably used.

Die in der Vlieslage 2 verwendeten splittbaren Fasem3 haben in ungesplittem Zustand einen Titer von ca. 2dtex, so dass diese mit einem Kardierverfahren zu dem Vlies 2 verarbeitet werden konnten. Durch Splitten in 32 gleiche Teile werden Fasersegmente mit einem Titer von 1/16dtex erhalten, wodurch eine glatte und nahezu markierungsfreie Oberfläche des Pressfilzes geschaffen wird.The splittable Fasem3 used in the nonwoven layer 2 have a titer of about 2dtex in an unsplit state, so that they could be processed to the nonwoven 2 with a carding process. By splitting into 32 equal parts, fiber segments with a titre of 1 / 16dtex are obtained, whereby a smooth and almost marking-free surface of the press felt is created.

Das Pressfilz 1 umfasst des weiteren eine feine innere Vlieslage 4, die in der Figur 1 unterhalb der Vlieslage 2 angeordnet ist. Die Vlieslage 4 wird lediglich aus unsplittbaren Fasern 5 mit einem Titer von 10-20dtex gebildet.The press felt 1 further comprises a fine inner nonwoven layer 4, which in the FIG. 1 is arranged below the nonwoven layer 2. The nonwoven layer 4 is formed only of unspittable fibers 5 with a titre of 10-20 dtex.

In Figur 1 unterhalb der Vlieslage 4 ist eine grobe Vlieslage 6 mit ebenfalls unsplittbaren Fasern 7 mit einem Titer von 50-300detx angeordnet.In FIG. 1 below the nonwoven layer 4, a coarse nonwoven layer 6 is arranged with likewise unsplittbaren fibers 7 with a titer of 50-300detx.

Als Trägerstruktur 8 ist beim Pressfilz 1 eine gewobenen Struktur 8 vorgesehen, die zwischen der groben Vlieslage 6 und einer weiteren groben Vlieslage 9 angeordnet ist. Die grobe Vlieslage 9 ist eine äußere Lage des Pressfilzes 1 und umfasst unsplittbare Fasern 10 mit einem Titer von 50-300detx.As support structure 8, a woven structure 8 is provided in the press felt 1, which is arranged between the coarse nonwoven layer 6 and a further coarse nonwoven layer 9 is. The coarse nonwoven layer 9 is an outer layer of the press felt 1 and comprises unscitable fibers 10 having a titer of 50-300 detx.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform einer als Pressfilz 11 ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung. Das Pressfilz 11 weist eine äußere obere und mit der Papierbahn in Kontakt bringbare Vlieslage 12 mit splittbaren Fasern 13 auf, die abschnittweise bereits gesplitte und abschnittweise ungesplittet sind. Die Vlieslage 12 entspricht im wesentlichen der Vlieslage 2 aus Figur 1.The FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a press felt 11 designed according to the invention stringing. The press felt 11 has an outer upper and can be brought into contact with the paper web nonwoven layer 12 with splittable fibers 13, which are already partially split sections and unsplit sections. The nonwoven layer 12 substantially corresponds to the nonwoven layer 2 FIG. 1 ,

Das Pressfilz 11 umfasst des weiteren eine feine innere Vlieslage 14, die in der Figur 2 unterhalb der Vlieslage 12 angeordnet ist. Die Vlieslage 14 wird lediglich aus unsplittbaren Fasern 15 mit einem Titer von 10-20dtex gebildet.The press felt 11 further comprises a fine inner nonwoven layer 14, which in the FIG. 2 is arranged below the nonwoven layer 12. The nonwoven layer 14 is formed only of unspittable fibers 15 having a denier of 10-20 dtex.

Im Gegensatz zu Figur 1 ist in Figur 2 unterhalb der feinen Vlieslage 14 keine grobe Vlieslage mit unsplittbaren Fasern, sondern eine weitere Vlieslage 16 mit splittbaren Fasern 17 angeordnet.In contrast to FIG. 1 is in FIG. 2 below the fine nonwoven layer 14 no coarse nonwoven layer with unsplittbaren fibers, but another nonwoven layer 16 with splittable fibers 17 is arranged.

Die in der Vlieslage 16 verwendeten splittbaren Fasern 17 haben in ungesplittem Zustand einen Titer von ca. 2dtex und können in 4 Fasersegmente mit gleicher Querschnittsform und Fläche gesplittet werden. Die splittbaren Fasern 17 wurden somit ebenfalls mit einem Kardierverfahren zu dem Vlies 16 verarbeitet. Durch Splitten in vier gleiche Teile werden Fasersegmente mit einem Titer von 0,5dtex erhalten, wodurch die Vlieslage 16 eine feine Porenstruktur erhält und als Anti-Rewet-Layer verwendet werden kann.The splittable fibers 17 used in the nonwoven layer 16 have a titer of about 2 dtex in the unplated state and can be split into 4 fiber segments with the same cross-sectional shape and area. The splittable fibers 17 were thus also processed by a carding process to the web 16. By splitting into four equal parts fiber segments are obtained with a titer of 0.5 dtex, whereby the nonwoven layer 16 receives a fine pore structure and can be used as an anti-rewet layer.

Des weiteren sind die Fasern 13 der äußeren Vlieslage 12 leichter splittbar als die Fasern 17 der inneren Vlieslage 16. Die Splittbarkeit lässt sich bspw. durch die Stärke der zwischen den ungesplitteten Fasersegmenten vorherrschenden Adhäsionskräften einstellen.Furthermore, the fibers 13 of the outer nonwoven layer 12 are more easily split than the fibers 17 of the inner nonwoven layer 16. The chippability can be adjusted, for example, by the strength of the adhesion forces prevailing between the unsplit fiber segments.

Des weiteren weisen die splittbaren Fasern 13 der Vlieslage 12 im Vergleich zu den splittbaren Fasern 3 der Vlieslage 2 zumindest ein mit einer hydrophoben Beschichtung versehenes Fasersegment auf.Furthermore, in comparison to the splittable fibers 3 of the nonwoven layer 2, the splittable fibers 13 of the nonwoven layer 12 have at least one fiber segment provided with a hydrophobic coating.

In Figur 2 ist unterhalb der Vlieslage 16 eine zu der Vlieslage 6 der Figur 1 analoge grobe Vlieslage 18 mit unsplittbaren Fasern 19 mit einem Titer von 50-300detx angeordnet.In FIG. 2 is below the nonwoven layer 16 a to the nonwoven layer 6 of FIG. 1 analog coarse nonwoven layer 18 with unspittable fibers 19 with a titer of 50-300detx arranged.

Als Trägerstruktur 20 ist beim Pressfilz 11 ein bidirektionales Fadengelege 20 vorgesehen, welches aus einer unidirektionalen Fadenanordnung 21 und einer dazu im rechten Winkel verlaufenden weiteren unidirektionalen Fadenanordnung 22 gebildet wird.As a support structure 20, a bidirectional scrim 20 is provided in the press felt 11, which is formed from a unidirectional thread assembly 21 and a further extending at right angles further unidirectional thread assembly 22.

Die Trägerstruktur 20 ist zwischen der groben Vlieslage 18 und einer weiteren groben Vlieslage 23 angeordnet. Die grobe Vlieslage 23 ist eine äußere Lage des Pressfilzes 11 und umfasst unsplittbare Fasern 24 mit einem Titer von 50-300detx.The carrier structure 20 is arranged between the coarse nonwoven layer 18 and a further coarse nonwoven layer 23. The coarse nonwoven layer 23 is an outer layer of the press felt 11 and comprises unscitable fibers 24 having a denier of 50-300 detx.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße als Formiersieb 25 ausgebildete Bespannung mit einer Vlieslage 26 mit splittbaren Fasern 27, die zum Teil jeweils in 32 Fasersegmente gesplittet sind. Die Fasern 27 weisen einen Ausgangstiter von 2detx auf. Die Fasern 27 der Vlieslage 26 unterscheiden sich von den Fasern der Vlieslagen 2 und 12 dadurch, dass diese an Stelle von PA Fasersegmente aus PET umfassen. Des weiteren weisen die Fasersegmente der Fasern 27 der Vlieslage 26 eine Querschnittsform ohne Kanten auf, wohingegen die der Vlieslagen 2 und 12 eher flach sind.The FIG. 3 shows a fabric according to the invention formed as Formiersieb 25 covering with a nonwoven layer 26 with splittable fibers 27, which are split in each case in 32 fiber segments. The fibers 27 have an initial titer of 2 detx. The fibers 27 of the nonwoven layer 26 differ from the fibers of the nonwoven layers 2 and 12 in that they comprise fiber segments of PET instead of PA. Furthermore, the fiber segments of the fibers 27 of the nonwoven layer 26 have a cross-sectional shape without edges, whereas those of the nonwoven layers 2 and 12 are rather flat.

Das Formiersieb 25 weist des weiteren eine gewobene Trägerstruktur 28 auf. Die Vlieslage 26 ist im Bereich der Erhebungen der gewobenen Trägerstruktur 28 des weiteren stärker komprimiert als in Bereichen der Trägerstruktur 28 ohne Erhebungen, wodurch eine plane papierseitige Oberfläche des Formiersiebes 25 gebildet wird.The forming fabric 25 further comprises a woven support structure 28. The nonwoven layer 26 is further compressed more in the region of the elevations of the woven support structure 28 than in regions of the support structure 28 without elevations, whereby a flat paper-side surface of the forming fabric 25 is formed.

Die Figur 4 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Papiermaschine 29 in dem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahrens zur Konditionierung einer umlaufenden Bespannung 30 durchgeführt wird. Die Bespannung 30 hat eine äußere Vlieslage 31, deren Oberfläche mit einer Papierbahn 34 Kontakt bringbar ist. Die Konditionierung wird durchgeführt, nach dem die Papierbahn 34 von der Bespannung 30 getrennt wurde und auf einer anderen Bespannung 35 weitergeführt wird. Die Vlieslage 31 der zu konditionierenden Bespannung umfasst splittbare Fasern. Zur Konditionierung wird die äußere Vlieslage 31 mit einem unter Druck stehenden als Wasserstrahl 32 ausgebildeten Fluidstrahl aus einem Spritzrohr 33 derart beaufschlagt, dass die splittbaren Fasern zumindest abschnittweise entlang deren Längserstreckung unter Ausbildung von lang gestreckten Fasersegmenten gesplittet werden.The FIG. 4 shows a section of a paper machine 29 in which the inventive method for conditioning a circumferential fabric 30 is performed. The fabric 30 has an outer nonwoven layer 31, the surface of which can be brought into contact with a paper web 34. The conditioning is carried out, after which the paper web 34 has been separated from the clothing 30 and is continued on another clothing 35. The nonwoven layer 31 of the fabric to be conditioned comprises splittable fibers. For conditioning, the outer nonwoven layer 31 is pressurized with a pressurized jet of water 32 formed from a spray tube 33 such that the splittable fibers are split at least in sections along their longitudinal extent to form elongated fiber segments.

Das Verfahren wird hierbei vorzugsweise derart durchgeführt, dass im wesentlichen nur die im Bereich der Oberfläche der Vlieslage 31 angeordneten Teile der splittbaren Fasern in Fasersegmente gesplittet werden.In this case, the method is preferably carried out such that essentially only the parts of the splittable fibers arranged in the region of the surface of the nonwoven layer 31 are split into fiber segments.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren können die Fasern der Vlieslage 31 deren gesplitteten Fasersegmente während des Herstellungs- oder Weiterverarbeitungsprozesses der Materialbahn durch Abrasion abgetragen wurden dadurch regeneriert werden, indem neue gesplittete Fasersegmente erzeugt werden. Hierdurch findet eine Regenerierung der mit der Papierbahn 34 in Kontakt kommenden Oberfläche der Bespannung 30 statt, wodurch die Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensdauer der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung 30 deutlich erhöht wird, im Vergleich zu Konditionierungsverfahren bei bekannten Bespannungen.By means of the method according to the invention, the fibers of the nonwoven layer 31 whose split fiber segments have been removed by abrasion during the production or further processing of the material web can be regenerated by creating new split fiber segments. As a result, a regeneration of the surface of the clothing 30 coming into contact with the paper web 34 takes place, as a result of which the performance and service life of the clothing 30 according to the invention is markedly increased compared to conditioning processes in the case of known clothing.

Die Figur 5 zeigt eine elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahme mehrerer gesplitteter Fasern, wie diese in einer Vlieslage einer erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung Verwendung finden. Bei den gezeigten Fasern handelt es sich um solche, die in 32 Fasersegmente splittbar sind. Die einzelnen Segmente weisen einen Breite von ca. 5µm auf, wie sich aus dem unten stehenden Maßstab ergibt. Die ungesplitteten Fasern haben eine kreisrunde Querschnittsform. Durch das Splitten werden 32 Segmente mit gleichen tortenstückförmigen Querschnitten erzeugt.The FIG. 5 shows an electron micrograph of several split fibers, as they are used in a nonwoven layer of a fabric according to the invention. The fibers shown are those which can be split into 32 fiber segments. The individual segments have a width of about 5 microns, as can be seen from the scale below. The unsplit fibers have a circular cross-sectional shape. By splitting 32 Segments generated with the same pie-shaped cross-sections.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt eine splittbare Faser im Sinne der Erfindung im ungesplitteten Zustand (Fig. 6a) und im gesplitteten Zustand (Fig. 6b).The Fig. 6 shows a splittable fiber according to the invention in the non-split state ( Fig. 6a ) and in the split state ( Fig. 6b ).

Die in der Fig. 6 gezeigte splittbare Faser 35 im Sinne der Erfindung wird durch eine Vielzahl von Fasersegmenten 36a-36h gebildet, die zur Ausbildung der splittbaren Faser 35 im ungesplitteten Zustand im wesentlichen entlang ihrer gesamten Längserstreckung miteinander verbunden sind.The in the Fig. 6 split fiber 35 according to the invention is formed by a plurality of fiber segments 36a-36h, which are connected to each other to form the splittable fiber 35 in the unplaned state substantially along its entire longitudinal extent.

In der in der Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform werden alle Fasersegmente 36a-36h aus dem gleichen Material gebildet. Des weiteren haben die Fasersegmente 36a-36h zumindest teilweise zueinander unterschiedliche Querschnittsflächen.In the in the Fig. 6 In the embodiment shown, all fiber segments 36a-36h are formed from the same material. Furthermore, the fiber segments 36a-36h have at least partially mutually different cross-sectional areas.

Im ungesplitteten Zustand der Faser 35 werden die Fasersegmente 36a-36h durch eine Umhüllung 37 miteinander verbunden.In the un-split state of the fiber 35, the fiber segments 36a-36h are connected to each other by a sheath 37.

Durch äußere Einwirkung kann die Um hüllung 37 abschnittweise gelöst werden, wodurch die Faser 35 in einen "teilweise" gesplitteten Zustand, wie in der Fig. 6b gezeigten Zustand überführt wird. Im gesplitteten Zustand sind die Fasersegmente 36a-36h entlang eines sich in Längserstreckung der Faser 35 erstreckenden gemeinsamen Abschnitts 38 zueinander lose angeordnet und entlang eines sich in Längserstreckung der Faser daran anschließenden weiteren gemeinsamen Abschnitts 39 der Faser 35 nach wie vor durch die Umhüllung 37 miteinander verbunden.By external action, the order hüllung 37 can be solved in sections, whereby the fiber 35 in a "partially" split state, as in the Fig. 6b shown state is transferred. In the split state, the fiber segments 36a-36h along a longitudinal extent of the fiber 35 extending common portion 38 are arranged loosely to each other and along a longitudinal extension of the fiber adjoining further common portion 39 of the fiber 35 still connected by the enclosure 37 with each other ,

Claims (35)

  1. Fabric for a machine for producing and/or further processing a material web, in particular a fibrous web, having a carrier structure and a fibre batt, characterized in that the fibre batt comprises fibres which, in order to form elongated fibre segments, can be split substantially along their longitudinal extent, at least in some sections, and/or which are split substantially along their longitudinal extent, at least in some sections, forming elongated fibre segments, the fibre segments in a common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre no longer being joined to one another in a splittable fibre after splitting whereas the fibre segments in another, common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre are still joined to one another.
  2. Fabric according to Claim 1, characterized in that the splittable fibres (3, 13, 17, 27, 35) are split into at least 2 or 4 or 16 or 32 or 64 or more fibre segments (36a-36h).
  3. Fabric according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the splittable fibre (3, 13, 17, 27, 35) can be split into fibre segments (36a-36h) of identical cross-sectional shape and/or area.
  4. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that the splittable fibre (3, 13, 17, 27, 35) comprises fibre segments (36a-36h) which are formed of mutually different materials.
  5. Fabric according to Claim 4, characterized in that segments that adjoin one another two-dimensionally are formed of mutually different materials which form an interface with one another.
  6. Fabric according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the material comprises a polymer material.
  7. Fabric according to Claim 6, characterized in that the polymer materials comprise, on their own or in combination: PA, PE, PET, PPS, PEEK, PU.
  8. Fabric according to one of Claims 4 to 7,
    characterized in that mutually adjacent fibre segments (36a-36h) are joined to one another by means of adhesion forces.
  9. Fabric according to one of Claims 4 to 8,
    characterized in that mutually adjacent fibre segments (36a-36h) are surrounded by means of a sheath (37) that surrounds the splittable fibre (36), at least in some sections, and can be removed during the splitting.
  10. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that splittable fibres having a different ability to be split are provided.
  11. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that the ability of the fibres to be split can be adjusted as a function of the strength of the adhesion forces.
  12. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that the splittable fibres in the unsplit state have a titer of about 2 dtex or more.
  13. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that the fibre batt comprises splittable fibres with different properties.
  14. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that the fibre batt comprises non-splittable fibres in addition to the splittable fibres.
  15. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 14,
    characterized in that the fibre batt having the splittable fibres comprises polymer particles.
  16. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 15,
    characterized in that a plurality of fibre batts (12, 16) having splittable fibres (13, 17) are provided.
  17. Fabric according to Claim 16, characterized in that splittable fibres (13) which, as compared with the splittable fibres (17) of the other fibre batts (16), have at least one different property are provided in at least one of the plurality of fibre batts (12).
  18. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that the fabric has an outer layer (2, 12, 26, 31) which is formed by one of the fibre batts having the splittable fibres.
  19. Fabric according to Claim 18, characterized in that the outer layer (2, 12, 26, 31) can be brought into contact with the material web.
  20. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 19,
    characterized in that a central layer arranged between the two outer layers is formed by one of the fibre batts (16) having the splittable fibres (17).
  21. Fabric according to Claim 20, characterized in that the splittable fibres of the outer fibre batt (12) can be split into more fibre segments than the splittable fibres of the central fibre batt (16).
  22. Fabric according to Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the splittable fibres (13) of the outer fibre batt (12) can be split more easily than the splittable fibres (17) of the central fibre batt (16).
  23. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 22,
    characterized in that at least one fibre batt (4, 6, 9, 14, 18, 23) having non-splittable fibres is provided.
  24. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 23,
    characterized in that the carrier structure comprises, on its own or in combination: a woven structure (8, 28), unidirectional or multidirectional thread arrangements (21, 22), a nonwoven two-dimensional structure or a film.
  25. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 24,
    characterized in that the fabric is a papermachine fabric, in particular a press felt (1, 11), a forming fabric (25) or a dryer fabric.
  26. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 24,
    characterized in that the fabric is a mesh belt filter.
  27. Fabric according to one of Claims 1 to 24,
    characterized in that the fabric is used in a chemical pulp production machine.
  28. Process for producing a fabric for a machine for producing and/or further processing a fibrous and/or chemical pulp web, having the following steps:
    - carding a fibre batt by using fibres which can be split substantially along their longitudinal extent,
    - splitting at least some of the fibres substantially along their longitudinal extent in at least some sections in order to form elongated fibre segments, the fibre segments in a common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre no longer being joined to one another in a splittable fibre after splitting whereas the fibre segments in another, common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre are still joined to one another.
  29. Process according to Claim 28, characterized in that following the carding of the splittable fibres (2) to form the fibre batt (1) and before the splitting of the fibres (2) in the fibre batt (1), the fibre batt (1) is joined to the layer of the fabric located underneath, in particular needled.
  30. Process according to Claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the fibre batt (1) is joined to the layer of the fabric located underneath, in particular needled, after the splitting of the fibres.
  31. Process according to one of Claims 28 to 30,
    characterized in that the splittable fibres are split by means of a fluid jet under pressure, and/or a chemical process.
  32. Method for conditioning a circulating fabric having an outer layer the surface of which can be brought into contact with a transported or production product, which comprises a fibre batt having splittable fibres, for the purpose of conditioning, a fluid jet under pressure being applied to the outer layer in such a way that the splittable fibres are split along their longitudinal extent, at least in some sections, forming elongated fibre segments, the fibre segments in a common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre no longer being joined to one another in a splittable fibre after splitting whereas the fibre segments in another, common section of the longitudinal extent of the fibre are still joined to one another.
  33. Method according to Claim 32, characterized in that it is carried out in such a way that substantially only the parts of the splittable fibres that are arranged in the region of the surface are split into fibre segments.
  34. Method according to Claim 32 or 33, characterized in that the fluid is applied during the production process.
  35. Method according to one of Claims 32 to 34,
    characterized in that the fluid is applied in such a way that the fabric is simultaneously cleaned during the splitting of the fibres.
EP20060113046 2005-05-10 2006-04-25 Clothing comprising splitted fibers Not-in-force EP1722034B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510021480 DE102005021480A1 (en) 2005-05-10 2005-05-10 Paper machine cover comprises a support structure and a nonwoven layer consisting of fibers split longitudinally
DE200510038534 DE102005038534A1 (en) 2005-08-16 2005-08-16 Paper machine cover comprises a support structure and a nonwoven layer consisting of fibers split longitudinally

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1722034A1 EP1722034A1 (en) 2006-11-15
EP1722034B1 true EP1722034B1 (en) 2009-11-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20060113046 Not-in-force EP1722034B1 (en) 2005-05-10 2006-04-25 Clothing comprising splitted fibers

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7523531B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1722034B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE448357T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502006005315D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2336694T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1722034E (en)

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US7892993B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2011-02-22 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
DE102007028365A1 (en) 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 Voith Patent Gmbh press felt
US8512519B2 (en) 2009-04-24 2013-08-20 Eastman Chemical Company Sulfopolyesters for paper strength and process
US9273417B2 (en) 2010-10-21 2016-03-01 Eastman Chemical Company Wet-Laid process to produce a bound nonwoven article
US20120098161A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-04-26 Hans Peter Breuer Felt for forming fiber cement articles with base fabric with parallel md yarns
US20130123409A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Eastman Chemical Company Solvent-borne products containing short-cut microfibers
US8840757B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-09-23 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US9303357B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2016-04-05 Eastman Chemical Company Paper and nonwoven articles comprising synthetic microfiber binders
US9598802B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-21 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for producing a sulfopolyester concentrate
US9605126B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-28 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for the recovery of concentrated sulfopolyester dispersion
DE102014002232B4 (en) * 2014-02-21 2019-10-02 Carl Freudenberg Kg Microfiber composite fabric
DE102014002231B4 (en) * 2014-02-21 2018-12-20 Carl Freudenberg Kg Cleaning cloth, process for making a cleaning cloth and its use

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JP3037791B2 (en) * 1991-07-30 2000-05-08 チッソ株式会社 Polyolefin-based split fiber
JP3187942B2 (en) * 1992-05-23 2001-07-16 日本フエルト株式会社 Felt for papermaking and method for producing the same
US5620565A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-04-15 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Production of soft paper products from high and low coarseness fibers
US5853628A (en) * 1996-09-12 1998-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of forming nonwoven fabric having a pore size gradient
GB9713309D0 (en) * 1996-11-08 1997-08-27 Scapa Group Plc Papermachine clothing
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US20030203695A1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2003-10-30 Polanco Braulio Arturo Splittable multicomponent fiber and fabrics therefrom
US20040151871A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-05 Dieter Telgmann Paper machine clothing, especially press felt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006005315D1 (en) 2009-12-24
PT1722034E (en) 2010-02-09
US7523531B2 (en) 2009-04-28
ES2336694T3 (en) 2010-04-15
EP1722034A1 (en) 2006-11-15
ATE448357T1 (en) 2009-11-15
US20060281383A1 (en) 2006-12-14

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