EP1684026A1 - Automatic closing device for openings - Google Patents

Automatic closing device for openings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1684026A1
EP1684026A1 EP06000178A EP06000178A EP1684026A1 EP 1684026 A1 EP1684026 A1 EP 1684026A1 EP 06000178 A EP06000178 A EP 06000178A EP 06000178 A EP06000178 A EP 06000178A EP 1684026 A1 EP1684026 A1 EP 1684026A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
automatically closing
closing opening
electromagnet
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06000178A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Reuter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE202006019904U priority Critical patent/DE202006019904U1/en
Publication of EP1684026A1 publication Critical patent/EP1684026A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
    • A62C2/246—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators
    • A62C2/247—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators electric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/12—Hinged dampers
    • A62C2/14—Hinged dampers with two or more blades
    • A62C2/16—Hinged dampers with two or more blades multi-vane roll or fold-up type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/15—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre with parallel simultaneously tiltable lamellae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatically closing opening closure according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such an opening closure (for a fan) is known from DE 24 14 164 A1. This serves to close an opening as required and uses to save space of several slats instead of a large flap to cover the area to be closed in terms of area.
  • the invention has for its object to provide such an opening closure such that it can also be used at openings that must be closed in case of fire for safety reasons in any case, and automatically and fire resistant.
  • the closure for example, having a flap or a plate element, is designed to be smoke-tight in the closed position, wherein an opening force counteracting the restoring force can be generated by means of an actuating element electrically connected to a smoke detector, and in that at least one fire-retardant, preferably fire-resistant, and at least one flow channel having body is arranged, which optionally provided in the region of the flow channel with a intumescent intumescent under heat or even formed of intumescent material.
  • Such an opening closure will regularly be arranged in the region of a ventilation opening and in the open position connect two spaces with one another.
  • the air of the one space thus flows through the shutter held in the opening position (for example lamellas) and through the flow channel of the provided with an intumescent or formed from it, fire-retardant designed body in the other room, or vice versa.
  • the slats are held in the open position by means of an actuating element, preferably a simple electromagnet. Without this opening force, for example, return springs provided on the slats would lead to closure of the slats.
  • the actuator or the solenoid is in turn electrically connected to a smoke detector. Detects this one case of fire, ie smoke, the further power supply to the electromagnet is prevented, resulting in an almost sudden, but (at least still) reversible closure of the slats.
  • the flap closure in the opening is assigned a fire-retardant body whose at least one flow channel also provided with an intumescent material or itself is formed from intumescent material. If the opening closure is thus acted upon by one of the two rooms not only with cold smoke but also with heat (eg air or smoke with a temperature above 50 ° C.), this leads to a foaming of the intumescent material (preferably expandable graphite) and thus to an irreversible fire-resistant closure of the opening.
  • the intumescent material preferably expandable graphite
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 a preferred embodiment of the automatically closing opening closure according to the invention is shown in three views. This comprises in particular a closure 2 closing an opening 1, which can be brought into the open position against a permanently acting restoring force.
  • the lamella closure consists of several (here four), against the aforementioned restoring force to be opened single lamellae 8, which are pivotable about horizontally extending axes of rotation 10, wherein on the axes of rotation 10 spring elements (not shown) for the self-closing of the individual lamellae 8 are arranged.
  • the closure 2 is formed smoke-tight in the closed position, wherein one of the restoring force counteracting opening force can be generated by means of a smoke detector 3 electrically connected control element 4, and that in the opening 1 an at least fire-retardant (here fireproof) and at least one flow channel 5 (here four) having body 6 is arranged, which optionally provided in the region of the flow channel 5 with a intumescent intumescent material 7 under heat or (see Figure 17) itself is formed from a potting compound of intumescent material 7.
  • seals 9 are provided on the individual lamellae, which ensure in the closed position that no gas, in particular no smoke, can pass through the opening closure.
  • the fire-resistant body 6 is formed in the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 3 of a mineral building material, such as gypsum.
  • the intumescent material 7 consists of expandable graphite. This expands under the action of heat very strong and closes the flow channels 5 such that the opening 1 in any case for a certain time (depending on the desired legal standard) is considered to be fire-resistant sealed.
  • the expanded graphite can, as shown, for example, be arranged as a layer on the edge of the tubular flow channels 5. Of course, however, any other arrangement comes into consideration, which leads to a fire-resistant completion of the flow channels 5.
  • the connecting element may, as shown, be designed as a cable 11, which is connected on the one hand to the adjusting element 4 and on the other hand in each case with a projecting beyond the axis of rotation 10 lever arm on each individual lamellae 8.
  • the adjusting element 4 is also preferably designed as an electromagnet, wherein this has a movable armature 12 operatively connected to the closure 2.
  • the previously mentioned cable pull 11 is operatively connected to the armature 12 of the electromagnet in order to actuate the lamella closure. If there is no current at the electromagnet (due to power failure or due to a fire), the lamellar shutter closes automatically.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed as a pneumatic cylinder 13.
  • the slide is connected to a compressed air valve.
  • a spring 14 is mounted, this pushes the slider down and closes the flap. If the pressure valve is supplied with sufficient compressed air, this pushes the slider against the spring force upwards and the flap is opened. If a fire or smoke is detected, then additional valve opens and the compressed air is released, by the spring force, the flap is then closed again.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed of an electric 15 and a permanent magnet 16.
  • a permanent magnet is attached to the lower end of the slider, which opens or closes the door.
  • an electromagnet is mounted below this permanent magnet. If this is supplied with electrical energy, this builds up a magnetic field. The magnetic field is such that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is repelled therefrom; This pushes the slider up and opens the door.
  • the magnetic field also collapses and the slider is pulled down by the weight of the permanent magnet and the attractive force that the permanent magnet exerts on the iron core of the electromagnet. the flap is closed again.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed from an electrically operated rotary magnet 17.
  • a rotary magnet is attached to the lower end of the slider on which the individual flap elements are mounted.
  • a spring 14 is mounted at the upper end.
  • the spring 14 presses the flapper permanently down in the direction of the rotary magnet 17.
  • the flap is closed by the individual elements. If the magnet is now activated, it rotates about its own axis and pushes the slider upwards against the spring force with the aid of its attachment; the flap is opened thereby. If the power supply to the rotary solenoid, for example, is interrupted by a smoke detector, this rotates back to its original position. About the spring force, the flap is closed again.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed from a bi-metal 18 and a heating element 19.
  • a bi-metal 18 is used below the flap elements; this is connected to the slider for the flaps. Without energizing the flap is now closed. If the bi-metal 18 is heated, this changes its shape and pushes the slider upwards; the flap is opened until the bi-metal 18 has reached its maximum state of deformation. The flap is now completely open. If the heat supply to the bi-metal 18 is interrupted, e.g. because the power supply to the heating element 19 is interrupted by a smoke detector, the bi-metal deforms to its original shape and the flap is closed again.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed by an electric motor 20 with a toothed drive 21.
  • a small electric motor 20 is mounted in the lower region of the flap, on whose shaft a gear is mounted.
  • the motor is fixed so that the gear and the teeth in the slide mesh.
  • the motor is supplied with electrical energy, it moves the slider upwards via the gear, the flap is opened.
  • a limit switch is used to determine whether the flap is fully open; the engine then stops in this position.
  • smoke or fire detection of the motor 20 is driven so that it rotates the gear in the other direction and the slide is so again transported down until a smoke detector reports the closed state of the flap.
  • the adjusting element 4 is formed of an electromagnet 22 and a metal retaining plate 23.
  • a piece of metal holding plate
  • an electromagnet 22 Above the metal piece is an electromagnet 22. Is this with supplied electrical energy, it attracts the metal piece 23 and thus also pulls the slider upwards. The flap is opened by this. If the power supply is interrupted in succession by detecting smoke or a fire, the magnetic field degrades and the flap moves downwards by the weight of the piece of metal. The slider also moves down and the flap is closed again.
  • the adjusting element 4 is designed as a fan 24.
  • the closure 2 is positioned on one side and the fan 24 on the other side of a wall opening.
  • the fan 24 is turned on. Detects the smoke detector 3 a fire, the power supply to the fan 24 is interrupted, so that the slats go by itself in the closed position.
  • the air flow generated by the blower 24 thus serves in this embodiment to keep the closure 2 open.
  • the closure 2 is designed as an axially displaceable plate element 25.
  • the plate element 25 is preferably slightly larger in diameter than the opening 1 itself. It is actuated by means of a bearing axis, which represents the extension of the armature 12.
  • the plate element 25 is arranged on one side and the adjusting element 4 (here an electromagnet with armature 12) of a wall opening. So that it automatically closes in case of fire, it is provided that the armature 12 is operatively connected to a spring 26 which produces a permanently acting restoring force.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

The automatically closing opening seal has the closure (2) which is formed to be impervious to smoke in closing position. A reset force can be generated against opening by means of an actuator (4) which is electrically connected with a smoke detector (3). A fire-resistant body having at least one flow channel (5) is arranged in the hole (1). The body is formed, in the area of the flow channel, with intumescent material (7), which foams under heat effect, or alternatively it itself is formed with intumescent material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen automatisch schliessenden Öffnungsverschluss gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an automatically closing opening closure according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein derartiger Öffnungsverschluss (für einen Ventilator) ist nach der DE 24 14 164 A1 bekannt. Dieser dient zum bedarfsweisen Verschluss einer Öffnung und nutzt zur Raumeinsparung mehrerer Lamellen statt einer großen Klappe, um die zu verschliessende Öffnung flächenmäßig zu überdecken.Such an opening closure (for a fan) is known from DE 24 14 164 A1. This serves to close an opening as required and uses to save space of several slats instead of a large flap to cover the area to be closed in terms of area.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen solchen Öffnungsverschluss derart weiterzubilden, dass dieser auch an Öffnungen verwendbar ist, die im Falle eine Brandes aus Sicherheitsgründen auf jeden Fall geschlossen werden müssen, und zwar automatisch und feuerbeständig.The invention has for its object to provide such an opening closure such that it can also be used at openings that must be closed in case of fire for safety reasons in any case, and automatically and fire resistant.

Diese Aufgabe ist mit einem Öffnungsverschluss der eingangs genannten Art durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved with an opening closure of the type mentioned by the features listed in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Nach der Erfindung ist also vorgesehen, dass der beispielsweise eine Klappe oder ein Plattenelement aufweisende Verschluss in Verschlussstellung rauchdicht ausgebildet ist, wobei eine der Rückstellkraft entgegenwirkende Öffnungskraft mittels eines mit einem Rauchmelder elektrisch verschalteten Stellelements erzeugbar ist, und dass in der Öffnung ein mindestens feuerhemmender, vorzugsweise feuerbeständiger, und mindestens einen Strömungskanal aufweisender Korpus angeordnet ist, der wahlweise im Bereich des Strömungskanals mit einem unter Wärmeeinwirkung aufschäumenden Intumeszenzmaterial versehen oder selbst aus Intumeszenzmaterial gebildet ist.According to the invention, it is thus provided that the closure, for example, having a flap or a plate element, is designed to be smoke-tight in the closed position, wherein an opening force counteracting the restoring force can be generated by means of an actuating element electrically connected to a smoke detector, and in that at least one fire-retardant, preferably fire-resistant, and at least one flow channel having body is arranged, which optionally provided in the region of the flow channel with a intumescent intumescent under heat or even formed of intumescent material.

Regelmäßig wird ein solcher Öffnungsverschluss im Bereich einer Lüftungsöffnung angeordnet sein und dabei in geöffneter Stellung zwei Räume miteinander verbinden. Die Luft des einen Raumes strömt also durch den in Öffnungsposition gehaltenen Verschluss (beispielsweise Lamellen) und durch den Strömungskanal des mit einem Intumeszenzmaterial versehenen oder daraus gebildeten, feuerhemmend ausgebildeten Korpus in den anderen Raum, oder umgekehrt.Such an opening closure will regularly be arranged in the region of a ventilation opening and in the open position connect two spaces with one another. The air of the one space thus flows through the shutter held in the opening position (for example lamellas) and through the flow channel of the provided with an intumescent or formed from it, fire-retardant designed body in the other room, or vice versa.

Während dieses Betriebszustandes werden die Lamellen mittels eines Stellelements, vorzugsweise ein einfacher Elektromagnet, in Öffnungsstellung gehalten. Ohne diese Öffnungskraft würden beispielsweise an den Lamellen vorgesehene Rückstellfedern zum Verschliessen der Lamellen führen. Das Stellelement bzw. der Elektromagnet ist seinerseits elektrisch mit einem Rauchmelder verschaltet. Detektiert dieser einen Brandfall, also Rauch, wird die weitere Stromzufuhr zum Elektromagneten unterbunden, was zu einem nahezu schlagartigen, allerdings (jedenfalls noch) reversiblen Verschluss der Lamellen führt. Da die Lamellen aufgrund einer entsprechenden Dichtung zwar rauchdicht, aber nicht feuerbeständig sind, ist dem Klappenverschluss in der Öffnung ein feuerhemmender Korpus zugeordnet, dessen mindestens einer Strömungskanal darüber hinaus mit einem Intumeszenzmaterial versehen bzw. der selbst aus Intumeszenzmaterial gebildet ist. Wird der Öffnungsverschluss also von einem der beiden Räume aus nicht nur mit kaltem Rauch, sondern auch mit Wärme (z. B. Luft bzw. Rauch mit einer Temperatur über 50° C) beaufschlagt, führt dies zu einem Aufschäumen des Intumeszenzmaterials (vorzugsweise Blähgraphit) und damit zu einem irreversiblen feuerbeständigen Verschluss der Öffnung.During this operating state, the slats are held in the open position by means of an actuating element, preferably a simple electromagnet. Without this opening force, for example, return springs provided on the slats would lead to closure of the slats. The actuator or the solenoid is in turn electrically connected to a smoke detector. Detects this one case of fire, ie smoke, the further power supply to the electromagnet is prevented, resulting in an almost sudden, but (at least still) reversible closure of the slats. Since the lamellae, although due to a corresponding seal smoke-tight, but not fire-resistant, the flap closure in the opening is assigned a fire-retardant body whose at least one flow channel also provided with an intumescent material or itself is formed from intumescent material. If the opening closure is thus acted upon by one of the two rooms not only with cold smoke but also with heat (eg air or smoke with a temperature above 50 ° C.), this leads to a foaming of the intumescent material (preferably expandable graphite) and thus to an irreversible fire-resistant closure of the opening.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.Other advantageous developments emerge from the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Öffnungsverschluss einschließlich seiner vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen gemäß der abhängigen Patentansprüche wird nachfolgend anhand der zeichnerischen Darstellung verschiedener Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The opening closure according to the invention including its advantageous developments according to the dependent claims will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing of various embodiments.

Es zeigt

Figur 1
im Schnitt den erfindungsgemäßen Öffnungsverschluss mit vier Einzellamellen in Öffnungsposition;
Figur 2
in Vorderansicht den Öffnungsverschluss gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 3
in Rückansicht den Öffnungsverschluss gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 4-17
weitere Ausführungsbeispiele des Stellelements.
It shows
FIG. 1
in section the opening closure according to the invention with four individual louvers in the open position;
FIG. 2
in front view the opening closure according to Figure 1;
FIG. 3
in rear view the opening closure according to Figure 1;
Figure 4-17
further embodiments of the actuating element.

In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen, automatisch schliessenden Öffnungsverschlusses in drei Ansichten dargestellt. Dieser umfasst insbesondere einen eine Öffnung 1 verschließenden Verschluss 2, der gegen eine dauernd wirkende Rückstellkraft in Öffnungsposition bringbar ist.In FIGS. 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of the automatically closing opening closure according to the invention is shown in three views. This comprises in particular a closure 2 closing an opening 1, which can be brought into the open position against a permanently acting restoring force.

Der Lamellenverschluss besteht aus mehreren (hier vier), gegen die erwähnte Rückstellkraft zu öffnenden Einzellamellen 8, die um horizontal verlaufende Drehachsen 10 verschwenkbar sind, wobei an den Drehachsen 10 Federelemente (nicht dargestellt) zum selbständigen Verschließen der Einzellamellen 8 angeordnet sind.The lamella closure consists of several (here four), against the aforementioned restoring force to be opened single lamellae 8, which are pivotable about horizontally extending axes of rotation 10, wherein on the axes of rotation 10 spring elements (not shown) for the self-closing of the individual lamellae 8 are arranged.

Wesentlichen für den erfindungsgemäßen Öffnungsverschluss ist nun, dass der Verschluss 2 in Verschlussstellung rauchdicht ausgebildet ist, wobei eine der Rückstellkraft entgegenwirkende Öffnungskraft mittels eines mit einem Rauchmelder 3 elektrisch verschalteten Stellelements 4 erzeugbar ist, und dass in der Öffnung 1 ein mindestens feuerhemmender (hier feuerbeständiger) und mindestens einen Strömungskanal 5 (hier vier) aufweisender Korpus 6 angeordnet ist, der wahlweise im Bereich des Strömungskanals 5 mit einem unter Wärmeeinwirkung aufschäumenden Intumeszenzmaterial 7 versehen oder (siehe Figur 17) selbst aus einer Vergußmasse aus Intumeszenzmaterial 7 gebildet ist.Substantially for the opening closure according to the invention is now that the closure 2 is formed smoke-tight in the closed position, wherein one of the restoring force counteracting opening force can be generated by means of a smoke detector 3 electrically connected control element 4, and that in the opening 1 an at least fire-retardant (here fireproof) and at least one flow channel 5 (here four) having body 6 is arranged, which optionally provided in the region of the flow channel 5 with a intumescent intumescent material 7 under heat or (see Figure 17) itself is formed from a potting compound of intumescent material 7.

Zum rauchdichten Abschluss des Lamellenverschlusses sind an den Einzellamellen 8 Dichtungen 9 vorgesehen, die in Verschlussstellung gewährleisten, dass kein Gas, insbesondere kein Rauch, durch den Öffnungsverschluss hindurchtreten kann.For smokeless completion of the lamellar seal 8 seals 9 are provided on the individual lamellae, which ensure in the closed position that no gas, in particular no smoke, can pass through the opening closure.

Der feuerbeständige Korpus 6 ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figuren 1 bis 3 aus einem mineralischen Baustoff, beispielsweise Gips, gebildet. Das Intumeszenzmaterial 7 besteht aus Blähgraphit. Dieses dehnt sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung sehr stark aus und verschließt die Strömungskanäle 5 derart, dass die Öffnung 1 jedenfalls für eine gewisse Zeit (je nach angestrebter gesetzlicher Norm) als feuerbeständig verschlossen anzusehen ist. Das Blähgraphit kann dabei, wie dargestellt, beispielsweise als Schicht am Rand der rohrförmigen Strömungskanäle 5 angeordnet sein. Selbstverständlich kommt aber auch jede andere Anordnung in Betracht, die zu einem feuerbeständigen Abschluss der Strömungskanäle 5 führt.The fire-resistant body 6 is formed in the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 3 of a mineral building material, such as gypsum. The intumescent material 7 consists of expandable graphite. This expands under the action of heat very strong and closes the flow channels 5 such that the opening 1 in any case for a certain time (depending on the desired legal standard) is considered to be fire-resistant sealed. The expanded graphite can, as shown, for example, be arranged as a layer on the edge of the tubular flow channels 5. Of course, however, any other arrangement comes into consideration, which leads to a fire-resistant completion of the flow channels 5.

Um die Einzellamellen 8 gemeinsamen betätigen zu können, ist vorgesehen, dass diese mittels eines gemeinsamen Verbindungselements mit dem Stellelement 4 wirkverbunden sind. Das Verbindungselement kann dabei, wie dargestellt, als Seilzug 11 ausgebildet sein, der einerseits mit dem Stellelement 4 und andererseits jeweils mit einem über die Drehachse 10 hinausragenden Hebelarm an jeder Einzellamellen 8 verbunden ist.In order to actuate the individual slats 8 common, it is provided that they are operatively connected by means of a common connecting element with the adjusting element 4. The connecting element may, as shown, be designed as a cable 11, which is connected on the one hand to the adjusting element 4 and on the other hand in each case with a projecting beyond the axis of rotation 10 lever arm on each individual lamellae 8.

Das Stellelement 4 ist ferner vorzugsweise als Elektromagnet ausgebildet, wobei dieser einen beweglichen, mit dem Verschluss 2 wirkverbundenen Anker 12 aufweist. Präzesiert ausgedrückt, ist der bereits erwähnte Seilzug 11 mit dem Anker 12 des Elektromagnet wirkverbunden, um den Lamellenverschluss zu betätigen. Liegt kein Strom am Elektromagneten an (wegen Stromausfall oder wegen eines Brandfalles), schließt der Lamellenverschluss selbstätig.The adjusting element 4 is also preferably designed as an electromagnet, wherein this has a movable armature 12 operatively connected to the closure 2. In other words, the previously mentioned cable pull 11 is operatively connected to the armature 12 of the electromagnet in order to actuate the lamella closure. If there is no current at the electromagnet (due to power failure or due to a fire), the lamellar shutter closes automatically.

In den Figuren 4 bis 15 sind weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeiten des Stellelements 4 dargestellt, und zwar jeweils in Schließstellung und in Öffnungsposition.In Figures 4 to 15 further embodiments of the adjusting element 4 are shown, in each case in the closed position and in the open position.

Gemäß Figur 4 und 5 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 als Pneumatikzylinder 13 ausgebildet ist. In diesem Fall wird der Schieber mit einem Druckluftventil verbunden. Im oberen Bereich des Schiebers wird eine Feder 14 montiert, diese drückt den Schieber nach unten und verschließt so die Klappe. Wird das Druckventil mit ausreichend Druckluft versorgt, so schiebt dieses den Schieber gegen die Federkraft nach oben und die Klappe wird so geöffnet. Wird ein Brand oder Rauch erkannt, so öffnet sich zusätzliches Ventil und die Druckluft wird abgelassen, durch die Federkraft wird die Klappe dann wieder verschlossen.According to Figures 4 and 5 it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed as a pneumatic cylinder 13. In this case, the slide is connected to a compressed air valve. In the upper part of the slide, a spring 14 is mounted, this pushes the slider down and closes the flap. If the pressure valve is supplied with sufficient compressed air, this pushes the slider against the spring force upwards and the flap is opened. If a fire or smoke is detected, then additional valve opens and the compressed air is released, by the spring force, the flap is then closed again.

Gemäß Figur 6 und 7 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 aus einem Elektro- 15 und einem Permanentmagnet 16 gebildet ist. In diesem Fall wird am unteren Ende des Schiebers, über den die Klappe geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden kann, ein Permanentmagnet befestigt. Unterhalb dieses Permanentmagneten wird ein Elektromagnet montiert. Wird dieser mit elektrischer Energie versorgt, baut dieser ein Magnetfeld auf. Das Magnetfeld ist so beschaffen, dass das Magnetfeld des Permanentmagneten von diesem abgestoßen wird; hierdurch wird der Schieber nach oben gedrückt und die Klappe geöffnet. Wird die Stromzufuhr des Magneten unterbrochen, so bricht auch das Magnetfeld zusammen und der Schieber wird vom Gewicht des Permanentmagneten und der Anziehungskraft, die der Permanentmagnet auf den Eisenkern des Elektromagneten ausübt, nach unten gezogen, d.h. die Klappe wird wieder verschlossen.According to Figures 6 and 7 it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed of an electric 15 and a permanent magnet 16. In this case, a permanent magnet is attached to the lower end of the slider, which opens or closes the door. Below this permanent magnet, an electromagnet is mounted. If this is supplied with electrical energy, this builds up a magnetic field. The magnetic field is such that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is repelled therefrom; This pushes the slider up and opens the door. When the current supply to the magnet is interrupted, the magnetic field also collapses and the slider is pulled down by the weight of the permanent magnet and the attractive force that the permanent magnet exerts on the iron core of the electromagnet. the flap is closed again.

Gemäß Figur 8 und 9 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 aus einem elektrisch betriebenen Drehmagnet 17 gebildet ist. In diesem Fall ist am unteren Ende des Schiebers, an dem die einzelnen Klappenelemente montiert sind, ein Drehmagnet befestigt. Am oberen Ende ist eine Feder 14 montiert. Die Feder 14 drückt den Klappenschieber permanent nach unten in Richtung des Drehmagneten 17. Hierdurch wird die Klappe durch die einzelnen Elemente verschlossen. Wird nun der Magnet angesteuert, dreht dieser sich um seine eigene Achse und drückt mit Hilfe seines Aufsatzes den Schieber nach oben gegen die Federkraft; die Klappe wird hierdurch geöffnet. Wenn die Stromzufuhr zum Drehmagneten, z.B. durch einen Rauchmelder unterbrochen wird, dreht dieser sich zurück in seine Ausgangsposition. Über die Federkraft wird die Klappe wieder verschlossen.According to Figure 8 and 9 it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed from an electrically operated rotary magnet 17. In this case, a rotary magnet is attached to the lower end of the slider on which the individual flap elements are mounted. At the upper end a spring 14 is mounted. The spring 14 presses the flapper permanently down in the direction of the rotary magnet 17. As a result, the flap is closed by the individual elements. If the magnet is now activated, it rotates about its own axis and pushes the slider upwards against the spring force with the aid of its attachment; the flap is opened thereby. If the power supply to the rotary solenoid, for example, is interrupted by a smoke detector, this rotates back to its original position. About the spring force, the flap is closed again.

Gemäß Figur 10 und 11 ist ferner vorgsehen, dass das Stellelement 4 aus einem Bi-Metall 18 und einem Heizelement 19 gebildet ist. In diesem Fall wird unterhalb der Klappenelemente ein Bi-Metall 18 eingesetzt; dieses wird mit dem Schieber für die Klappen verbunden. Ohne Bestromung ist nun die Klappe verschlossen. Wird das Bi-Metall 18 erwärmt, so verändert dieses seine Form und schiebt so den Schieber nach oben; die Klappe wird geöffnet bis das Bi-Metall 18 seinen maximalen Verformungszustand erreicht hat. Die Klappe ist nun ganz geöffnet. Wird die Wärmezufuhr zum Bi-Metall 18 unterbrochen, z.B. weil von einem Rauchmelder die Stromzufuhr zum Heizelement 19 unterbrochen wird, so verformt sich das Bi-Metall in seine ursprüngliche Form und die Klappe wird wieder verschlossen.According to FIGS. 10 and 11, it is further provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed from a bi-metal 18 and a heating element 19. In this case, a bi-metal 18 is used below the flap elements; this is connected to the slider for the flaps. Without energizing the flap is now closed. If the bi-metal 18 is heated, this changes its shape and pushes the slider upwards; the flap is opened until the bi-metal 18 has reached its maximum state of deformation. The flap is now completely open. If the heat supply to the bi-metal 18 is interrupted, e.g. because the power supply to the heating element 19 is interrupted by a smoke detector, the bi-metal deforms to its original shape and the flap is closed again.

Gemäß Figur 12 und 13 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 aus einem Elektromotor 20 mit einem Zahntrieb 21 gebildet ist. In diesem Fall ist im unteren Bereich der Klappe ein kleiner Elektromotor 20 angebracht, an dessen Welle ein Zahnrad montiert ist. Am Schieber, mit dem man die Klappe öffnen bzw. schließen kann, sind "Zähne" ausgefräst. Der Motor ist so befestigt das das Zahnrad und die Zähne im Schieber ineinander greifen. Wenn der Motor mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird, bewegt dieser über das Zahnrad den Schieber nach oben, die Klappe wird geöffnet. Über einen Endschalter wird festgestellt, ob die Klappe vollkommen geöffnet ist; der Motor bleibt dann in dieser Position stehen. Bei Rauch- oder Branderkennung wird der Motor 20 so angesteuert, dass dieser das Zahnrad in die andere Richtung dreht und der Schieber so wieder noch unten befördert wird, bis ein Rauchmelder den geschlossenen Zustand der Klappe meldet.According to FIGS. 12 and 13, it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed by an electric motor 20 with a toothed drive 21. In this case, a small electric motor 20 is mounted in the lower region of the flap, on whose shaft a gear is mounted. On the slide, with which you can open or close the flap, "teeth" are milled out. The motor is fixed so that the gear and the teeth in the slide mesh. When the motor is supplied with electrical energy, it moves the slider upwards via the gear, the flap is opened. A limit switch is used to determine whether the flap is fully open; the engine then stops in this position. When smoke or fire detection of the motor 20 is driven so that it rotates the gear in the other direction and the slide is so again transported down until a smoke detector reports the closed state of the flap.

Gemäß Figur 14 und 15 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 aus einem Elektromagnet 22 und einer metallischen Halteplatte 23 gebildet ist. In diesem Fall ist am oberen Ende des Schiebers, über den die Klappe geöffnet bzw. geschlossen wird, ein Metallstück (Halteplatte) angebracht. Oberhalb des Metallstücks befindet sich ein Elektromagnet 22. Wird dieser mit elektrischer Energie versorgt, so zieht er das Metallstück 23 an und zieht somit auch den Schieber nach oben. Die Klappe wird hierdurch geöffnet. Wird die Stromzufuhr in Folge durch Erkennen von Rauch oder eines Brandes unterbrochen, baut sich das Magnetfeld ab und die Klappe bewegt sich durch das Gewicht des Metallstückes nach unten. Der Schieber bewegt sich ebenfalls nach unten und die Klappe wird wieder verschlossen.According to Figure 14 and 15 it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is formed of an electromagnet 22 and a metal retaining plate 23. In this case, at the upper end of the slide, over which the flap is opened or closed, a piece of metal (holding plate) is attached. Above the metal piece is an electromagnet 22. Is this with supplied electrical energy, it attracts the metal piece 23 and thus also pulls the slider upwards. The flap is opened by this. If the power supply is interrupted in succession by detecting smoke or a fire, the magnetic field degrades and the flap moves downwards by the weight of the piece of metal. The slider also moves down and the flap is closed again.

Gemäß Figur 16 ist vorgesehen, dass das Stellelement 4 als Gebläse 24 ausgebildet ist. Dabei ist der Verschluss 2 auf der einen und das Gebläse 24 auf der anderen Seite einer Wandöffnung positioniert. Im Falle, dass kein Rauch detektiert wird, ist das Gebläse 24 eingeschaltet. Ermittelt der Rauchmelder 3 einen Brandfall, wird die Stomzufuhr zum Gebläse 24 unterbrochen, so dass die Lamellen von selbst in Verschlussstellung gehen. Die vom Gebläse 24 erzeugte Luftströmung dient bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel also zum Offenhalten des Verschlusses 2.According to FIG. 16, it is provided that the adjusting element 4 is designed as a fan 24. In this case, the closure 2 is positioned on one side and the fan 24 on the other side of a wall opening. In the event that no smoke is detected, the fan 24 is turned on. Detects the smoke detector 3 a fire, the power supply to the fan 24 is interrupted, so that the slats go by itself in the closed position. The air flow generated by the blower 24 thus serves in this embodiment to keep the closure 2 open.

Gemäß Figur 17 ist schließlich vorgesehen, dass der Verschluss 2 als axialverschiebliches Plattenelement 25 ausgebildet ist. Das Plattenelement 25 ist dabei vorzugsweise etwas größer im Durchmesser als die Öffnung 1 selbst. Es wird mittels einer Lagerachse, die die Verlängerung des Ankers 12 darstellt, betätigt. Das Plattenelement 25 ist auf der einen und das Stellelement 4 (hier ein Elektromagnet mit Anker 12) einer Wandöffnung angeordnet. Damit es im Brandfall automatisch schließt, ist vorgesehen, dass der Anker 12 mit einer eine dauernd wirkende Rückstellkraft erzeugenden Feder 26 wirkverbunden ist.Finally, according to FIG. 17, the closure 2 is designed as an axially displaceable plate element 25. The plate element 25 is preferably slightly larger in diameter than the opening 1 itself. It is actuated by means of a bearing axis, which represents the extension of the armature 12. The plate element 25 is arranged on one side and the adjusting element 4 (here an electromagnet with armature 12) of a wall opening. So that it automatically closes in case of fire, it is provided that the armature 12 is operatively connected to a spring 26 which produces a permanently acting restoring force.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Öffnungopening
22
Verschlussshutter
33
Rauchmeldersmoke detector
44
Stellelementactuator
55
Strömungskanalflow channel
66
Korpuscorpus
77
Intumeszenzmaterialintumescent
88th
EinzellamellenSingle slats
99
Dichtungpoetry
1010
Drehachseaxis of rotation
1111
Seilzugcable
1212
Ankeranchor
1313
Pneumatikzylinderpneumatic cylinder
1414
Federfeather
1515
Elektromagnetelectromagnet
1616
Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
1717
Drehmagnetrotary magnet
1818
Bi-MetallBi-metal
1919
Heizelementheating element
2020
Elektromotorelectric motor
2121
Zahntriebpinion
2222
Elektromagnetelectromagnet
2323
HalteplatteRetaining plate
2424
Gebläsefan
2525
Plattenelementpanel member
2626
Federfeather

Claims (9)

Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss, umfassend einen eine Öffnung (1) verschließenden Verschluss (2), der gegen eine dauernd wirkende Rückstellkraft in Öffnungsposition bringbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Verschluss (2) in Verschlussstellung rauchdicht ausgebildet ist, wobei eine der Rückstellkraft entgegenwirkende Öffnungskraft mittels eines mit einem Rauchmelder (3) elektrisch verschalteten Stellelements (4) erzeugbar ist, und
dass in der Öffnung (1) ein mindestens feuerhemmend ausgebildeter und mindestens einen Strömungskanal (5) aufweisender Korpus (6) angeordnet ist, der wahlweise im Bereich des Strömungskanals (5) mit einem unter Wärmeeinwirkung aufschäumenden Intumeszenzmaterial (7) versehen oder selbst aus Intumeszenzmaterial gebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure, comprising an opening (1) closing closure (2), which can be brought into the open position against a permanently acting restoring force,
characterized,
that the closure (2) is formed smoke-tight in the closed position, wherein an opening force counteracting the restoring force can be generated by means of an actuating element (4) electrically connected to a smoke detector (3), and
that in the opening (1) a at least fire-retardant formed and at least one flow channel (5) exhibiting body (6) is arranged optionally provided in the region of the flow channel (5) with a intumescent intumescent material (7) under heat or even formed from Intumeszenzmaterial is. Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Korpus (6) bei einer Beschichtung mit Intumeszenzmaterial (7) aus einem mineralischen Baustoff gebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the body (6) is formed of a mineral building material when coated with intumescent material (7). Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Intumeszenzmaterial (7) aus Blähgraphit besteht.Automatically closing opening closure according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the intumescence material (7) consists of expanded graphite. Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Intumeszenzmaterial (7) im Strömungskanal (5) angeordnet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the intumescence material (7) in the flow channel is arranged (5). Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Verschluss (2) als Lamellenverschluss aus mehreren, gegen eine Rückstellkraft zu öffnenden Einzellamellen (8) gebildet ist,
dass vorzugsweise zum rauchdichten Abschluss des Verschlusses (2) an den Einzellamellen (8) Dichtungen (9) vorgesehen sind,
dass vorzugsweise die Einzellamellen (8) um horizontal verlaufende Drehachsen (10) verschwenkbar sind,
dass vorzugsweise an den Drehachsen (10) Federelemente zum selbständigen Verschließen der Einzellamellen (8) angeordnet sind,
dass vorzugsweise die Einzellamellen (8) mittels eines gemeinsamen Verbindungselements mit dem Stellelement (4) wirkverbunden sind, und
dass vorzugsweise das Verbindungselement als Seilzug (11) ausgebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the closure (2) is formed as a lamellar closure of a plurality of individual louvers (8) to be opened against a restoring force,
in that seals (9) are preferably provided for the smoke-tight closure of the closure (2) on the individual louvers (8),
that preferably the individual lamellae (8) are pivotable about horizontally extending axes of rotation (10),
that spring elements for the self-closing of the individual lamellae (8) are preferably arranged on the axes of rotation (10),
that preferably the individual lamellae (8) are operatively connected to the setting element (4) by means of a common connecting element, and
in that the connecting element is preferably in the form of a cable pull (11). Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Stellelement (4) als Elektromagnet ausgebildet ist,
dass vorzugsweise der Elektromagnet einen beweglichen, mit dem Verschluss (2) wirkverbundenen Anker (12) aufweist,
dass vorzugsweise der Seilzug (11) mit dem Anker (12) des Elektromagnet wirkverbunden ist, und
dass vorzugsweise der Anker (12) mit einer eine dauernd wirkende Rückstellkraft erzeugenden Feder (26) wirkverbunden ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the adjusting element (4) is designed as an electromagnet,
in that the electromagnet preferably has a movable armature (12) operatively connected to the closure (2),
that preferably the cable pull (11) is operatively connected to the armature (12) of the electromagnet, and
in that preferably the armature (12) is operatively connected to a spring (26) which generates a permanently acting restoring force. Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Stellelement (4) als Gebläse (24) ausgebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the adjusting element (4) is designed as a fan (24). Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Stellelement (4) wahlweise - als Pneumatikzylinder (13) aus- oder - aus einem Elektro- (15) und einem Permanentmagnet (16) oder - aus einem elektrisch betriebenen Drehmagnet (17) oder - aus einem Bi-Metall (18) und einem Heizelement (19) oder - aus einem Elektromotor (20) mit einem Zahnradantrieb (21) oder - aus einem Elektromagnet (22) und einer metallischen Halteplatte (23) gebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the actuating element (4) optionally - As pneumatic cylinder (13) off or - From an electric (15) and a permanent magnet (16) or - From an electrically operated rotary magnet (17) or - From a bi-metal (18) and a heating element (19) or - From an electric motor (20) with a gear drive (21) or from an electromagnet (22) and a metal retaining plate (23) is formed. Automatisch schliessender Öffnungsverschluss nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Verschluss (2) als axialverschiebliches Plattenelement (25) ausgebildet ist.Automatically closing opening closure according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the closure is formed as axialverschiebliches plate member (25) (2).
EP06000178A 2005-01-21 2006-01-05 Automatic closing device for openings Withdrawn EP1684026A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006019904U DE202006019904U1 (en) 2005-01-21 2006-01-05 Automatically closing opening seal has closure which is formed to be impervious to smoke in closing position, whereby reset force can be generated against opening by means of actuator which is electrically connected with smoke detector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202005001075U DE202005001075U1 (en) 2005-01-21 2005-01-21 Automatically closing opening closure
DE102005011796A DE102005011796A1 (en) 2005-01-21 2005-03-13 Automatically closing opening seal has closure which is formed to be impervious to smoke in closing position, whereby reset force can be generated against opening by means of actuator which is electrically connected with smoke detector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1684026A1 true EP1684026A1 (en) 2006-07-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1684026A1 (en)
DE (2) DE202005001075U1 (en)

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US20180023841A1 (en) * 2016-07-25 2018-01-25 Brent Berkompas Vent structure
CN113658395A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-11-16 张乃月 Fire detection alarm device applied to low-voltage intelligent evacuation system

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US20180023841A1 (en) * 2016-07-25 2018-01-25 Brent Berkompas Vent structure
US11009253B2 (en) * 2016-07-25 2021-05-18 Brandguard Vents Vent structure
CN113658395A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-11-16 张乃月 Fire detection alarm device applied to low-voltage intelligent evacuation system

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DE202005001075U1 (en) 2006-06-01

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