EP1683234B1 - Arrangement d'antenne et vitre munie d'un tel arrangement d'antenne - Google Patents

Arrangement d'antenne et vitre munie d'un tel arrangement d'antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1683234B1
EP1683234B1 EP04805806.9A EP04805806A EP1683234B1 EP 1683234 B1 EP1683234 B1 EP 1683234B1 EP 04805806 A EP04805806 A EP 04805806A EP 1683234 B1 EP1683234 B1 EP 1683234B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna arrangement
window pane
dipoles
conducting
carrier substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04805806.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1683234A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Urban
Helmut MÄUSER
Gunther Vortmeier
Detlev Dürkop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP1683234A2 publication Critical patent/EP1683234A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1683234B1 publication Critical patent/EP1683234B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals as well as to panes provided with such antenna arrangements.
  • the antennas used in the high frequency technique are frequently so-called patch antennas with which the antenna itself consists of a patch ("patch").
  • patch antennas With such antennas, the patch and the incoming cable must frequently have the same layer structure, which means that the substrate material and the height of the substrate are identical for the power cable and the patch. It is difficult in this case to find a good compromise between the requirements imposed on the incoming cable, it must neither transmit nor receive, and the antenna itself, it must transmit or receive the best possible.
  • ETC Electronic Toll Collection
  • the frequency used for these applications is generally of the order of 5.8 GHz (microwaves).
  • Antennas for these frequencies are also called Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) antennas.
  • DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication
  • OBU on-board unit
  • This OBU includes an antenna and a control unit for communication with transceiver devices that are arranged along the path traveled.
  • the innovation according to the US patent mentioned is that the OBU is modified so that it can be installed on the dashboard at a given distance from the windshield.
  • US-A-5,293,175 proposes an antenna comprising two dipoles whose antenna supply is performed by a coaxial cable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an antenna arrangement which has small external dimensions and which can be mounted without difficulty in a given position.
  • the antenna arrangement thus consists of a non-electrically conductive flat substrate, for example a film, on the main surfaces of which are arranged two conductive strips which act as signal lines.
  • One end of each is configured to be able to link to another electronic component or signal line.
  • the other corresponding end of the conductive strips ends in two folded portions which form the poles of a dipole.
  • the antenna is generally very flat.
  • the dipoles which are derived from the two conductive strips are in perpendicular projection with respect to each other so as to form a crossed dipole and may have shifted bases to form a rhombus.
  • the two poles of each dipole are preferably perpendicular to each other and the two dipoles themselves are preferably rotated 180 ° relative to each other.
  • the antenna arrangement is more flexible. This greatly simplifies mounting on, in or against a load-bearing structure.
  • the dimensions of the conducting sections which constitute the structure of the antenna are adapted in known manner to the operating frequency and the bandwidth of the overall system by integrating the surrounding medium.
  • ⁇ / 4 transformer between the actual antenna zone and the part of the conductive strip which is connected to the dipole and which serves to the transmission of the signal.
  • the ⁇ / 4 transformer is a section of conductive strip whose impedance The characteristic is set so as to obtain a transmission with the least possible loss of the signals received or emitted in the conductive strips that come to connect to it. The characteristic impedances are thus adapted to each other.
  • the ⁇ / 4 transformer itself and the conductive strip which comes to connect to it are made in the form of a so-called ribbon line which is characterized in that the conductive strips disposed on the opposite faces of the carrier substrate coincide.
  • the ribbon line is thus a bipolar line comprising conductive strips which coincide and preferably slightly spaced apart from each other.
  • Line losses in the conductive strips arranged one on the other on both sides of the substrate can be reduced if the sections of the two conductive strips used only for the signal routing have different widths, which means that the a so-called micro-band line is produced.
  • the longitudinal axes of the two conductive strips extend here parallel and preferably coincide. The electromagnetic field produced between the conductive strips is then limited in its dimensions so as to reduce radiation.
  • the transition between the ribbon line and the conductive strips that come to connect to it and only serve for the transmission of the signal does not take place abruptly with a jump in the width of the conductor.
  • a transition line is made with a gradual adaptation of the width in order to avoid parasitic reflections and thus the extinction and damping of the signal.
  • the gradual transition is generally carried out with an adaptation element, often called 'taper balun', or it may also be for example a large section of trapezoidal shape.
  • shield the conductive tracks ie to protect the signal transmission paths against the influence of the signal. electromagnetic radiation acting from the outside.
  • This shielding can be obtained, for example, by additional strips of electrically conductive material above and below the actual signal conductor. These additional conductive tracks are of course galvanically isolated from the signal conductors.
  • This insulation can be achieved by means of an intermediate layer of the same dielectric substrate which serves as a support or by other measures, for example by providing an intermediate layer of insulating varnish. Shield lines can be grounded to improve shielding performance.
  • Copper has proven itself as a material for conductive tracks, on the one hand because it has good conductivity and secondly because it is easy to implement. It is of course possible to use other suitable conductive materials, for example metals such as tin, silver or gold.
  • the electrical insulating support may consist of polyimide, for example, this material is also frequently used as a support for flat cables. However, it is also possible to use any other suitable material, as long as it has the necessary properties, including good dielectric properties, possibly the possibility of being implemented in the form of a film and the possibility of it. apply conductive structures.
  • the transmission of high frequency signals can result in relatively high line and / or radiation losses, which imposes that the connection lines connected to the antenna arrangement are designed for the corresponding application so that the losses are minimal. If it is necessary to have an interface, if possible universal or standardized, between the antenna arrangement and a processing apparatus such as an OBU installed at a distance from this arrangement, the high frequency signals can then, in accordance with the invention, already be converted to a baseband, that is to say in signals of lower frequency, using an electronic circuit nearby immediately or on the antenna arrangement itself. These can be routed to the treatment device with low losses even over long distances.
  • Said electronic circuit may consist of discrete and / or integrated electronic components (IC), for example according to DE 198 56 663 C2 or DE 101 29 664 C2 .
  • IC integrated electronic components
  • the state of the art makes it possible to manufacture such electronic circuits in a very flat shape so that they can be mounted without additional provisions on a thin and / or flexible carrier substrate (for example according to DE 100 02 777 C1 ).
  • the electronic circuit may also contain an amplifier, a tuner and / or other processing elements.
  • the flat antenna structure according to the invention is particularly suitable for mounting on windows of buildings or vehicles. Indeed, because of its flat shape, the antenna arrangement according to the invention can be applied discreetly on a flat object such as a window.
  • the flexible antenna structure in the case of the use of a flexible film is particularly suitable for mounting on windows of buildings or vehicles Indeed, its flexible structure also allows it to be mounted without difficulty on a curved glass .
  • the antenna arrangement according to the invention can in particular be easily glued.
  • the windows used may be monolithic, that is to say composed of a single plate, or also multilayer, composed of several plates and / or films.
  • the plates can be essentially transparent, glass or plastic, be flat or curved.
  • a plate may be provided with one or more films, two or more plates may be interconnected by means of an adhesive layer or an adhesive film.
  • the antenna arrangement can easily be glued on a main surface of a window.
  • the flat antenna arrangement in whole or in part may also be disposed within the sandwich structure.
  • the region of the carrier substrate provided with the contact points may exit laterally from the sandwich structure and possibly be folded around the lateral edge of the window.
  • the connection to an additional signal line or to passive or active electrical networks is thus easy to achieve.
  • the zone of the antenna arrangement with the dipoles is mounted on one of the free main surfaces of the pane, the zone of the arrangement of antenna with the contact points for collecting and / or injecting the signals is mounted on the other main surface of the pane, and the carrier substrate is passed around the peripheral surface of the pane.
  • the area of the antenna arrangement with the dipoles is disposed between two of the layers of the pane, the area of the antenna arrangement with the points of contact intended to collect and / or inject the signals is mounted on one of the two free main surfaces of the window, and the carrier substrate is passed around the peripheral surface of at least one of the layers of the window.
  • Such an embodiment with a shrinking peripheral edge is particularly suitable when there exist on the carrier substrate components whose cross section is larger than that of the conductive tracks and the dipoles, for example an electronic matching circuit for the frequency or to a connection connector. These components can then be arranged being particularly protected in the hollow formed on the peripheral edge where they are less exposed than in the case of mounting on the surface of the plate. After mounting the finished carrier substrate, these components may be molded with a suitable sealing compound by means of which said hollow may then be superficially trimmed.
  • a window is provided with a layer or coating that reflects electromagnetic waves but is optically transparent, it must be ensured that the antenna arrangement is not shielded by this layer or coating.
  • the layer or coating must therefore not be arranged between the antenna arrangement and the transmitter or the receiver of the antenna signals.
  • the layer or the coating must comprise a zone allowing the waves to pass (communication window). Obviously, it is also not necessary to provide a layer or coating that reflects the electromagnetic waves between the two dipoles.
  • the region of the antenna arrangement containing the dipoles is arranged to emit or correctly receive the electromagnetic signals, the latter being disposed more outwardly. than said reflective layer after mounting the glass for example on a car.
  • Said layers or said electromagnetic wave reflective coatings serve, for example, thermal insulation or can serve as surface heating.
  • a particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that if the antenna arrangement is fixed on or against a window or at least the zone containing the dipoles, it is not necessary to adapt or process a coating that reflects the electromagnetic waves possibly present and oriented more inward after mounting the glass for example on a car.
  • the zone of the antenna arrangement containing the dipoles may be arranged between the coating or the reflective layer and the inner face of the outer layer of the pane, that is to say the layer intended to be the outermost.
  • the area of the antenna arrangement containing the dipoles may be disposed between the coating or the reflective layer and the inner face of the plate.
  • the antenna arrangement according to the invention When the antenna arrangement according to the invention is mounted in or against a window, it can be protected by a layer of opaque or translucent paint on one of the plates or one of the films so that it can not not be seen from the outside. This protection can be applied for aesthetic reasons, but also to protect some materials against ultraviolet rays.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 is composed of a flexible carrier film 2 of partially transparent polyimide in which are integrated electrically conductive strips 3 and 4 made of copper.
  • the carrier film 2 is about 30 mm wide and 150 ⁇ m thick.
  • the integrated conductive strips have a thickness of about 17 microns and are spaced about 100 microns from each other.
  • Two conducting sections which act as poles 50 and 51 or 60 and 61 respectively extend from one end of the conductive strips 3 and 4.
  • the poles 50 and 51 on one side and 60 and 61 (dotted lines) of the other, electrically connected form respectively an antenna dipole.
  • An angle of 135 ° is formed between the poles 50 and 51 and the lateral limits of the conductive strip 3.
  • the poles 50, 51 on one side and 60 and 61 on the other side and form respectively a right angle between them, while the two dipoles 50/51 and 60/61 formed do not coincide, but are rotated 180 ° relative to each other.
  • the bases of the two dipoles 50/51 and 60/61 coincide with each other and form an X in the direction of the vertical projection.
  • Other overlays are however possible by shifting the bases relative to each other. In an extreme case, it is a rhombus that is formed in the vertical projection.
  • the conductive section directly attached to the dipoles 50/51 and 60/61 is formed in the form of a so-called ⁇ / 4 transformer which adapts the impedances of the dipoles to the impedance of the coincident conducting strips, produced in the form of a line 31. Only the upper line portion of the ⁇ / 47 transformer and the ribbon line 31 of the conductive strip 3 are visible in FIG. figure 1 , the corresponding components to be associated with the conductive strip 4 are covered in this representation.
  • the zones 32 and 42 of the conductive strips 3 and 4 which lead to the connecting elements at the end opposite the dipoles of the carrier film, have different widths and form a so-called micro-band line. In the overall system arrangement, this type of line appears to have lower attenuation than that of the ribbon lines or other types of lines. Depreciation losses are considerably reduced.
  • the transition between the asymmetric zones 32, 42 of the conductive strips and the symmetrical ribbon line 31 is carried out gradually in order to reduce or eliminate the parasitic reflections, the dampings at the line and thus the attenuation of the signals carried.
  • the figure 3 represents a second embodiment of the antenna arrangement 1 'according to the invention.
  • the figure 3 represents a section in the area of the 320 and 420 asymmetric conductor strips in width.
  • shielding strips 8 and 9 are arranged here above the conductive strip 320 and below the conductive strip 420 and integrated into the substrate 2.
  • the shielding strips 8 and 9 are grounded or connected to the ground terminal and contribute to improved shielding of the conductive strips 320 and 420 which transmit the signals. The interference signals acting from the outside can thus effectively be stopped.
  • the electrically conductive components of the antenna arrangement are always made completely integrated in the carrier substrate.
  • the electrically conductive components of the antenna arrangement may be on the free surface of the antenna.
  • a carrier substrate and may in addition be covered with a particular insulating lacquer.
  • the conductive strips 3, 4, 32, 42, 320 and 420 as well as the shielding strips 8 and 9 are "integrated", this must not restrict the method of manufacture (for example by co-extrusion), nor the structure of the antenna arrangement on a monobloc carrier substrate.
  • the carrier substrate 2 is always shown as a single body in the drawings, it may also consist of several films or plates arranged one above the other. These substrates (partial) carrier then each have one or more conductive strips or they are used only for insulation.
  • the arrangement may comprise alternating conductive layers (3, 4, 32, 42, 320 and 420 as well as shielding strips 8 and 9) and insulating layers.
  • the conductive and shielding strips 3, 4, 32, 42, 320, 420, 8 and 9 may be manufactured from films or metal braids or may be applied directly onto a carrier (partial) substrate by screen printing. Likewise, the etching methods known from the printed circuit technique can be used for the manufacture of conductive and shielding strips.
  • the figure 4 is a schematic (not scaled) view in cross-section of a window including the antenna arrangement of the figure 1 .
  • the zone 16 of the antenna arrangement with the dipoles is disposed at the edge of the outer face of the inner sheet 102, and above a portion of the reflective layer 104.
  • the arrangement 1 bypasses the peripheral edge of the this inner sheet 102 is folded and the area 17 of the antenna arrangement with the contact points extends on the inner face of the inner sheet.
  • the peripheral edge of the inner sheet 102 is provided with a withdrawal 105. This ensures that the carrier substrate does not exceed the initial contour of the sheet 102. The damage during transport or during handling can thus be avoided and laying in a frame or mounting a frame are greatly facilitated.
  • the Figure 6 shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a third embodiment of an antenna arrangement 1 '' according to the invention.
  • the conductive tracks 320 ', 420' are arranged between the shielding lines 80, 90, all of these conductive layers 320 ', 420', 80, 90 being integrated in a carrier substrate in the form of a flexible film 20 with a peripheral edge with withdrawal 21.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 '' further comprises an electronic matching circuit for the frequency 10 disposed in this area of the withdrawal 21 and is connected to a connector 11 itself opening on an adapter connector 12. In this way, the high frequency signals are converted into a baseband, i.e., signals of lower frequency.
  • Said electronic circuit may consist of discrete and / or integrated electronic components (IC), for example according to DE 198 56 663 C2 or DE 101 29 664 C2 . a very flat shape is preferably chosen so that they can be mounted without additional provisions on the carrier substrate.
  • the electronic circuit may also contain an amplifier, a tuner and / or other processing elements.
  • the zone with this circuit 10 may be arranged by being particularly protected in a recess or depression formed on a peripheral edge of a laminated or monolithic pane where it is less exposed than in the case of mounting on the surface of the pane .
  • this component may be molded with a suitable sealing compound by means of which said hollow may then be surface-leveled.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP04805806.9A 2003-11-04 2004-11-04 Arrangement d'antenne et vitre munie d'un tel arrangement d'antenne Active EP1683234B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10351488A DE10351488A1 (de) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Antennenanordnung und Fensterscheibe mit einer solchen Antennenanordnung
DE202004001446U DE202004001446U1 (de) 2003-11-04 2004-01-31 Antennenanordnung und Fensterscheibe mit einer solchen Antennenanordnung
PCT/FR2004/050563 WO2005045987A2 (fr) 2003-11-04 2004-11-04 Arrangement d'antenne et vitre munie d'un tel arrangement d'antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1683234A2 EP1683234A2 (fr) 2006-07-26
EP1683234B1 true EP1683234B1 (fr) 2016-08-10

Family

ID=34353495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04805806.9A Active EP1683234B1 (fr) 2003-11-04 2004-11-04 Arrangement d'antenne et vitre munie d'un tel arrangement d'antenne

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7903042B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1683234B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4777896B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR101213616B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1906806B (ko)
DE (2) DE10351488A1 (ko)
ES (1) ES2593929T3 (ko)
PL (1) PL1683234T3 (ko)
PT (1) PT1683234T (ko)
WO (1) WO2005045987A2 (ko)

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PL2695233T3 (pl) 2011-04-06 2019-05-31 Saint Gobain Element przyłączeniowy w postaci przewodu płaskiego dla struktury antenowej
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WO2016162251A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2016-10-13 Saint-Gobain Glass France Fahrzeugantennenscheibe
KR101973311B1 (ko) 2015-04-08 2019-04-26 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 안테나 유리판
US10735838B2 (en) * 2016-11-14 2020-08-04 Corning Optical Communications LLC Transparent wireless bridges for optical fiber-wireless networks and related methods and systems
JP2021525982A (ja) * 2018-05-31 2021-09-27 エージーシー グラス ユーロップＡｇｃ Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ アンテナグレージング
CN112424631B (zh) * 2018-07-06 2024-07-05 索尼公司 测距装置和风挡
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CN111987424B (zh) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-15 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 天线结构、天线玻璃组件及交通工具
CN112310614A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-02-02 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 一种车载天线
CN113267915B (zh) * 2021-06-02 2024-01-23 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 一种倒装焊电光调制器封装装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1683234T3 (pl) 2017-01-31
DE202004001446U1 (de) 2005-03-17
CN1906806B (zh) 2012-05-30
ES2593929T3 (es) 2016-12-14
JP2007534215A (ja) 2007-11-22
EP1683234A2 (fr) 2006-07-26
JP4777896B2 (ja) 2011-09-21
US7903042B2 (en) 2011-03-08
WO2005045987A3 (fr) 2005-07-14
PT1683234T (pt) 2016-11-16
KR101213616B1 (ko) 2012-12-18
WO2005045987A2 (fr) 2005-05-19
KR20060112656A (ko) 2006-11-01
CN1906806A (zh) 2007-01-31
DE10351488A1 (de) 2005-06-16
US20080024379A1 (en) 2008-01-31

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