EP1645339B1 - Procédé et appareil pour faire une surface structurée et objet manufacturé avec une surface structurée - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour faire une surface structurée et objet manufacturé avec une surface structurée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1645339B1
EP1645339B1 EP04028565.2A EP04028565A EP1645339B1 EP 1645339 B1 EP1645339 B1 EP 1645339B1 EP 04028565 A EP04028565 A EP 04028565A EP 1645339 B1 EP1645339 B1 EP 1645339B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
varnish
layer
wood
workpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04028565.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1645339A1 (fr
Inventor
Horst-Dieter Öchler
Raimund Hagspiel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Hymmen GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Original Assignee
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Theodor Hymmen Verwaltungs GmbH
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Application filed by Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG, Theodor Hymmen Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Priority to EP10158405.0A priority Critical patent/EP2218520B1/fr
Priority to PL04028565T priority patent/PL1645339T3/pl
Priority to PL10158405T priority patent/PL2218520T3/pl
Priority to RU2007116965/11A priority patent/RU2356639C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2005/010796 priority patent/WO2006037644A2/fr
Publication of EP1645339A1 publication Critical patent/EP1645339A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
    • B05C1/025—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles to flat rectangular articles, e.g. flat sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/086—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith
    • B05C1/0865—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line a pool of coating material being formed between a roller, e.g. a dosing roller and an element cooperating therewith the cooperating element being a roller, e.g. a coating roller
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B05D5/061—Special surface effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
    • B05D2203/20—Wood or similar material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/544—No clear coat specified the first layer is let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a structured surface on a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part and a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part with a structured surface.
  • the invention finds application in plate-shaped workpieces made of wood-based materials, in particular made of chipboard, medium density fiberboard (MDF), high density fibreboard (HDF), hardboard and Oriented Strand Board plates (OSB boards).
  • MDF medium density fiberboard
  • HDF high density fibreboard
  • OSB boards Oriented Strand Board plates
  • the thickness of the plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material is not a limiting feature.
  • the plate-shaped workpiece may be formed as a thin, a few millimeters thick MDF board.
  • the plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material can be several centimeters thick. The condition is in each case only that a coating can be applied and the plate-shaped workpiece is manageable.
  • a structured lacquer surface is thus used for plate-shaped workpieces made of wood-based material, which are used in the area of floors or furniture parts.
  • the surface to be painted is initially primed in a cost effective manner after appropriate pretreatment, then printed with a wood decor and finally provided with a transparent sealing layer.
  • layers can be composed of several layers, for example to realize a multi-color printing or a particularly strong sealing layer.
  • the sealing layer consists of a curable lacquer, in this case is referred to below by a sealing lacquer.
  • the plate-shaped workpiece made of wood-based material usually passes through so-called drying tunnels, in which an at least partial crosslinking of the layers is brought about by the action of heat and / or radiation energy.
  • the curing and possibly drying is carried out in the usual way by means of UV radiation or by electron radiation.
  • heat radiation techniques are also known.
  • the sealant layer is patterned. These structures are matched to the wood decor.
  • the process referred to as "chemical pore” uses printing inks or release agents which, due to their wetting properties, cause sealing layers applied to them to tend to flow out, forming a less thick or no sealing layer and thus forming a coating in the cured state of the coating Structure yields.
  • the release agent may even displace the subsequently applied Sealer effect, which bursts on subsequent hardening, so that the desired pore structure forms as cracks in the surface.
  • a "mechanical pore” is obtained by only partially crosslinking after application of the sealing layer and then pressing in the desired structure before the final curing of the layer with the aid of an embossing roller or a structured press belt.
  • the Tracheenabitese are so deepened, which corresponds to the appearance of real wood flooring, because in real wood planks, the recesses of the grain are formed by the trachea defined by the tubes (ie, cut tubes in the form of pores and grooves).
  • the decorative material thus has a positive surface structure as a result.
  • the carrier material is made of tissue paper.
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem of providing a method with which an improved structure in a coated surface of a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part can be achieved in an economical manner.
  • the technical problem underlying providing a plate-shaped workpiece made of wood material for use as a floor covering or furniture part with a corresponding surface structure.
  • the structure need not be introduced into an existing layer, in particular an at least partially cured layer, but rather that the surface structure can be produced by a specifically varying application of a second coating. Due to the varying application rate of the second coating, a surface structure is created which haptically and / or visually gives the viewer an impression that corresponds to a surface texture to be imitated.
  • the first coating and the second coating are at least partially optically transparent.
  • Spatially varying application quantity generally means that the application quantity of the second coating is not uniformly distributed over the surface to be coated, but that zones or areas with a higher order quantity and zones or areas with less or no application quantity are provided. Since the application of the method is not limited to two-dimensional surfaces, it is generally understood to be spatial, i. spoken three-dimensional distribution.
  • the first coating is a full-surface coating, which thus also has, in particular, sealing properties for the surface of the carrier material of the workpiece arranged underneath.
  • first coating and second coating can themselves consist of at least two separately applied layers or partial layers.
  • first coating and second coating can themselves consist of at least two separately applied layers or partial layers.
  • a second coating may consist of two or more partial layers whose structurings overlap and / or supplement one another.
  • a wooden surface is arranged by a correspondingly colored decoration one below the first and second coating Printed layer and mimicked or imitated by an adapted to the wood decor structuring of the second coating.
  • the varying distribution of the application quantity of the second coating preferably has a linear structure, which is particularly typical of the surface structure of a wooden surface.
  • the surface structure of the second coating can be produced according to the invention as a negative surface structure.
  • the surface structures which are actually to be reproduced as a depression, for example pores, are formed as elevations.
  • This structure whose sublimity is, for example, below 1 mm, in particular below 0.5 mm, can be distinguished from a human hand and / or optically not from a structure with depressions.
  • a negative surface structure is generated in particular by a line structure.
  • An advantage of the negative, ie raised pore lies in the better hygienic properties of the surfaces compared to a recessed pore-containing surface. Because of the raised structures much worse impurities can accumulate, as it is the case with depressions. In particular, because of the small size of the pores recessed pore structures, as they are known in laminate flooring panels, very poor or not cleaned. Therefore, plates with negative, raised pores are very suitable for use in rooms with special hygiene requirements.
  • the thickness of the structures of the second coating is below 0.1 mm.
  • thicknesses in the range of less than 0.01 mm or even 0.005 mm are possible. Even these small thicknesses are recognized as a textured surface.
  • the surface structure can be configured positively, wherein raised surface parts actually represent surface elevations to be imitated.
  • the surface structure is produced with a flat surface structure which leaves open linear interstices, which then appear as pores.
  • the spatially varying distribution of the application amount is designed so that in the areas in which a survey is to be formed, a maximum coating amount is applied, while in the areas where no survey is to be formed, no coating is applied.
  • This type of order is particularly suitable for a replica of a wooden surface.
  • the second coating is preferably at least partially cured after application. It is further preferred to minimize the time interval between application of the second coating and curing. If, however, the second coating in the form of a predominantly solid material, for example in the form of a dispersion applied, so the step of curing can be omitted and, for example, only one drying step may be required.
  • the second coating is applied as a lacquer.
  • a lacquer otherwise used otherwise as a sealing lacquer can be used.
  • a preferred property of the varnish is that the varnish is easy to process and also constitutes a layer-forming material.
  • a so-called high-solid paint is furthermore preferably used.
  • a high solid paint has a high proportion of solids or solids, the volume fraction can be between 75 and 100%.
  • the solvent content is for example in the range of 3-25%.
  • 100% high solid lacquer is used, although before the application of the lacquer a small amount of solvent has to be contained. Because of the high proportion of solids produced after curing, so after evaporation of the solvent, a noticeable layer of these solids. Because of the low solvent content, the high solid paints are more viscous than other paints and can be cured faster. Since only a small proportion evaporates, a lower shrinkage of the applied structure can be expected during curing, which benefits the exact definition of the structuring. In addition, it is preferable to use the same varnish as in the underlying layer because it provides problem-free performance because of the same application properties Processing is possible. It is precisely these properties that make the use of high-solids paints advantageous in the construction of the second coating.
  • Another advantage of using high-solids paints is that little or no solvent problems are to be expected during processing, and that almost all of the applied material remains on the workpiece and not a significant portion is removed during drying.
  • Another advantage of high-solids paints is that the viscosity is adjustable within wide limits. Likewise, it is advantageous that when curing the high-solids coatings, a high degree of crosslinking is produced, the second coating thus becomes very stable. Overall, when using high-solids paints, a second coating can be produced which forms a durable and durable textured surface of the workpiece.
  • the paint can be provided with nanoparticles in order to have a particularly good sealing property.
  • the abrasion resistance of the lacquer layer, which results from the addition of the nanoparticles, is particularly beneficial for surfaces which are exposed to heavy loads. This applies in particular to floor panels.
  • the first coating is applied as a sealing lacquer.
  • the sealing coat of the first coating is cured between 65% and 95%, in particular 85%, before the second coating is applied.
  • this degree of curing makes it possible for the second lacquer layer to bond well with the first sealing lacquer layer.
  • a good resistance of the applied structure of the second coating is achieved so that it does not melt.
  • the color of the second coating may be chosen differently than the color of the first coating in order to emphasize the visual impression of the structured surface.
  • the coatings can be either transparent or partially opaque.
  • the second coating is applied as a pigmented UV-curable lacquer to adjust the gloss level and / or the color of the second coating.
  • a UV light source is required for suitable curing, particularly good effects are achieved in this embodiment of the method.
  • the second coating is applied by a roller having a structured, in particular embossed or stitched surface.
  • you can Techniques which have already been established in other applications. According to the viscosity of the paint used and the time between application and curing, no or only partial deliquescence of the applied paint layer will take place, which then deepens zones with a lower application rate and zones with a higher application amount raised in the finished surface.
  • the surface of the workpiece below the two described coatings can be coated in many ways.
  • the different application quantities in the sealing layer are chosen in coordination with the wood decor, a structure can be achieved which corresponds to the wood decor. For example, it is thus possible to provide a surface which has a wood decor with a coordinated pore structure. The material to be represented by the decor is thereby imitated improved. One can also speak of a so-called synchronous pore. In this case, it is provided according to the invention that the first coating and the second coating are at least partially transparent so that the underlying decoration remains recognizable by the two coatings.
  • UV-curing lacquers are used for the lacquer coating described above. But there are also all other coatings for the application of the method according to the invention applicable, as far as with these the requirements placed on the finished workpiece surface such. Scratch resistance, abrasion resistance or adhesion can be achieved.
  • hard particles may be provided to improve the scratch and abrasion resistance, or so-called UV absorbers, which prevent premature yellowing of the surface.
  • the above-indicated technical problem is inventively further solved by a plate-shaped workpiece having the features of claim 13.
  • the plate-shaped workpiece according to the invention for use as a floor covering or furniture part comprises a plate-shaped carrier material made of wood material, a wood decor printed on the carrier material, an on the wood decor following, at least partially optically transparent first coating of lacquer and a lacquer formed, at least partially optically transparent second coating , which is applied with a spatially varying distribution of the application amount to the first coating by means of a direct printing process or an indirect printing process and forms a negative surface structure, are actually formed as wells to be imitated surface structures of the wood decor as elevations.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a schematic form an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a workpiece, which in the present case is designed as a plate 2.
  • a plurality of plates 2 are arranged on a conveyor belt 4, which are individually fed sequentially to different processing stations.
  • the conveying direction is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow and runs from left to right.
  • a large-area workpiece or an endlessly produced workpiece can be processed, which is divided into individual plates 2 after the processing described below.
  • processing stations 6 and 8 have in common that with them in each case a coating is applied.
  • the two coatings consist of a same paint.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, so it can also be applied by the processing stations coatings of different materials.
  • a first substantially full-surface coating is applied from a lacquer.
  • the processing station on an applicator roll 10, which applies a uniform layer of paint on the surface of the plates 2.
  • the applied coating is at least partially dried and cured.
  • the post-processing device 12 can cause the drying and curing, for example by means of a hot air flow or by means of electromagnetic radiation, in particular UV radiation.
  • the post-processing device 12 corresponding means for generating the hot air flow or the radiation.
  • a coating of a paint is applied directly by means of an applicator roll 14, wherein the order quantity varies spatially.
  • the spatial structuring of the lacquer layer is produced in particular by a gravure roll, in the surface of which different sections having different levels are formed.
  • the surface of a gravure roll is processed by means of pricking or engraving in order to produce individual recesses, so-called wells, usually in diamond form, with different depths.
  • a paint or varnish is applied which is received in the cavities to be partially dispensed from the cavities onto the surface of the medium during transfer to another medium.
  • the last applied coating is then at least partially cured, so that the spatially different structuring is fixed before it compensates again due to bleeding. In this curing step, it may also come to a possibly incomplete curing of the arranged underneath, applied in the first processing station 6 coating.
  • the two paint layers consist of the same paint, as this facilitates the bonding of the two coatings.
  • different compositions of the two coatings can be selected to For example, to highlight and enhance the surface effects of structuring.
  • the differences may be, for example, in the color of the two coatings or in the degree of gloss.
  • Fig. 2 shows an applicator roll 14, which applies the paint on the surface of the plate 2 in a direct printing process.
  • the arrow again indicates the direction of movement of the plate 2.
  • the structured lateral surface 15 of the applicator roll 14 (the structuring can not be seen in detail) takes up the lacquer, wherein the amount of the lacquer L is set by a doctor 17.
  • this method is also called direct printing method.
  • Fig. 3 shows the same roller 14, which is not used in this embodiment as a direct application roller, but first transfers the adhering paint on a separate applicator roll 19, which preferably has an elastic, preferably rubberized roll surface. From the applicator roller 19, the paint transferred from the roller 14 is then applied to the surface of the plate 2. The remainder of the lacquer L is doctored during the further rotation of the applicator roll 19 with the aid of a further doctor blade 21, before lacquer is again transferred from the roll 14. This process is also called indirect printing process.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the applicator roll arrangement.
  • the density of the lacquer strands, their distances and their diameter can be freely selected by setting the profiling.
  • by a preferably oscillating movement of the doctor blade transversely to the direction of movement of the plate 2 it is possible to generate a wave-like arrangement of the lacquer strands on the plate surface.
  • a further embodiment of the doctor blade arrangement is that instead of the one profiled doctor blade 17, two identically profiled doctor blades are provided. If both doctor blades are aligned, the lacquer strands are applied to the roll surface. If the two squeegees are shifted against each other, the order of the paint strands is interrupted. By a selective shifting against each other interrupted structures can be created.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a structured surface on a plate 2, in which instead of the applicator roll arrangement described above, a digital application device 30 is provided for applying the second coating.
  • a jet printing technique is used, which is particularly widespread in so-called inkjet printers.
  • a short dash is drawn in which indicates the row of droplet jets.
  • the applicator device applies the paint line by line transversely to the direction of movement of the plate 2.
  • a surface with droplets to apply, so as to increase the speed of application.
  • a computer 31 as a means for generating a dot distribution for controlling the digital application device is connected to the application device 30.
  • the computer 31 prepares digital control information and transmits it to the application device.
  • the post-processing device 32 adjoins the digital application device in order to dry and at least partially cure the previously applied second coating.
  • an optical scanning device 34 is advantageously provided to detect the surface pattern of the first coating.
  • the optical pickup detects the surface and transmits the detected data to the computer 31.
  • the computer 31 calculates a dot distribution to be generated from the readings of the optical pickup 34. This is then applied with the digital applicator 30 as a second coating.
  • the optical scanning device can be designed as a scanner, as a line camera or as an area camera. In any case, the aim is that the optical scanning device detects the surface with a resolution or evaluates the recorded data with a resolution with which the digital application device is to apply the structured second coating.
  • the digital application device 30 applies the structured second coating to the surface in such a way that the surface structure coincides with the optical pattern at least partially matches.
  • a synchronous haptic and optical surface design of the plate 2 can be achieved in this way.
  • Fig. 1 is further shown that the surface of the plates 2 is provided before applying the two coatings described above by means of the processing stations 6 and 8 by means of two further processing stations 18 and 20, each with a coating.
  • This can be in particular lacquer layers with which a two-tone surface, a decor is produced.
  • the processing stations 18 and 20, in a similar manner as previously described, have applicators and finishing devices without further description herein.
  • the pre-painting represents a particularly preferred embodiment, because the surfaces produced therewith are completely painted and can thus be produced in a plant.
  • the two processing stations 18 and 20 apply a surface varying pattern, namely a wood decor.
  • the two applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 synchronized to apply matching and complementary color patterns.
  • the gravure roller 14 is provided with a surface engraving whose image also coincides with the applied by the processing stations 18 and 20 printed images.
  • the rotation of the gravure roller 14 is synchronized with the rotation of the applicator rollers of the processing stations 18 and 20 such that the spatially varying distribution of the second coating coincides with the printed image applied by the processing stations 18 and 20.
  • Fig. 6a and 6b show an embodiment of a structured surface of a plate 2.
  • a first coating 22 of a paint has been applied over the entire surface.
  • a second coating 24 has also been applied, which has a spatially varying distribution of the application amount.
  • the variation in this case means a pore structure that is intended to imitate a wood decor.
  • the pores are formed as elongated recesses 26, as can be seen in particular from the magnification in Fig. 6b results.
  • the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that are not formed as a recess.
  • the pores 26 are shown in this schematic representation substantially rectangular in cross-section with slightly rounded edges. In practice, however, a distribution which differs more clearly from the rectangular shape may occur, since the regions of the second coating 24 in the edge regions of the recesses 26 partially dissolve before being cured. Rounded corners are therefore to be expected at real recesses 26.
  • a pore structure in which the pores actually represent depressions in the coating 24.
  • Such a structure can also be called a positive surface structure.
  • Fig. 7a to 7c show a similar surface structure of a second coating 24, in which the pores are formed as elevations 28.
  • a surface structure may therefore be referred to as a negative surface structure.
  • the actually to be expected as a depression pores are formed as elevations.
  • the size of the structures is so small that in a normal viewing by a user the negative surface structure can not be distinguished from a positive surface structure.
  • the second coating 24 thus consists of the areas that have been applied as elevations, that is, for example, as negative pores.
  • the area coverage of the second coating is therefore considerably lower than in the surface structure according to Fig. 6a and 6b ,
  • Fig. 7b shows in an enlargement the cross-sectional shape of the negative pore.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the pore is shown with rounded edges. This form is to be expected if the applied paint partially dissolves before curing to the forming edges.
  • Fig. 7b shows a continuous course of the survey or the negative pore 28th Fig. 7c In contrast, shows a present within the applied negative pore 28 substructure.
  • This substructure consists of individual spaced individual elevations 29, which arise due to the application techniques described above.
  • this substructure may arise during application by means of an embossed or engraved roll shell surface, that is to say if the surface has individual wells which in each case emit the adhering lacquer. Because the wells are spaced, the dispensed droplets of paint are also spaced on the first coating 22, thus leading to the substructure.
  • Fig. 8 shows by way of example a geometric pattern of the spatially varying distribution of the application amount of the second coating.
  • the illustrated pattern is a diamond pattern that has recessed and raised diamonds.
  • no distinction can be made between a negative or a positive structure, since there are as many raised and recessed areas.
  • the method is based on the principle of the known light-section method with optical triangulation, whereby a relative movement of measuring cell and measuring object is assumed.
  • the mode of operation consists of illuminating the surface area to be measured with a suitable light source (laser) and using a surface camera to capture the light stripe imaged on the object. there the surface normals of the illumination and the camera are tilted at a triangulation angle to each other. The camera then sees the projection line as a contour line reproducing the contour of the test object, from whose coordinates and the associated positions a three-dimensional profile can be calculated.
  • the resolution of the known techniques achieves an accuracy in the vertical direction of less than 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the structured surface of the second coating can be examined and analyzed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Procédé pour réaliser une surface structurée sur une pièce (2) en forme de plaque en matériau dérivé du bois, qui est destinée à être utilisée comme revêtement de sol ou comme élément de meuble,
    - dans lequel un décor bois est imprimé sur une surface de la pièce (2), au moyen de rouleaux applicateurs, sachant que le décor bois présente des régions devant être interprétées comme étant des cavités,
    - dans lequel un premier revêtement (22) de laque optiquement transparent, au moins partiellement, est appliqué sur la surface de la pièce (2), à la suite du décor bois, et
    - dans lequel, au moyen d'un rouleau applicateur (14) doté d'une surface latérale structurée, un deuxième revêtement (24) de laque optiquement transparent, au moins partiellement, est appliqué sur le premier revêtement (22), selon le procédé d'impression directe ou le procédé d'impression indirecte, la quantité appliquée étant répartie spatialement de telle manière que des régions soient pourvues d'une quantité plus élevée et des régions pourvues d'une quantité plus faible ou des régions dépourvues de toute application, et que le deuxième revêtement (24) forme une structure superficielle négative, de sorte que des structures superficielles du décor bois devant imiter des cavités forment des élévations (28).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel les élévations (28) de la structure superficielle négative sont réalisées en forme de lignes.
  3. Procédé selon revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué en étant pourvu de nanoparticules.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    dans lequel le premier revêtement (22) est appliqué en tant que laque de scellement en étant pourvu de nanoparticules.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    dans lequel la laque est une laque haute résistance.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    dans lequel la laque du premier revêtement (22) est durcie entre 65 % et 95 %, de préférence à 85 % avant que le deuxième revêtement (24) soit appliqué.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le degré de brillance du deuxième revêtement diffère du degré de brillance du premier revêtement (22).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué en tant que laque de vitrification pigmentée, pouvant être soumise à un durcissement UV, pour régler le degré de brillance et/ou la couleur du deuxième revêtement.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est durci après son application.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel, avant l'application du premier revêtement (22), l'un ou plusieurs des revêtements suivants sont appliqués sur la surface:
    - un revêtement d'agent adhésif, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de fond, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de base appliqué au rouleau, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement obtenu par impression, qui comprend au moins une couche et représente un motif décoratif,
    - un revêtement de laque à teneur en corindon, qui comprend au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de laque à poncer, qui comprend au moins une couche.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel la quantité d'application du deuxième revêtement (24) est réglée de sorte que l'épaisseur des structures du deuxième revêtement soit située au-dessous de 0,1 mm.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué selon une répartition, qui est adaptée au motif décoratif imitant le bois devant être imprimé.
  13. Pièce en forme de plaque destinée à être utilisée en tant que revêtement de sol ou d'élément de meuble, laquelle présente une surface structurée, réalisée en particulier par un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12,
    - avec un support en forme de plaque (2) en matériau dérivé du bois,
    - avec un décor bois qui, imprimé sur le support (2), est doté de régions à interpréter en tant que cavités,
    - avec un premier revêtement (22) de laque optiquement transparent, au moins partiellement, qui est appliqué à la suite du décor bois, et
    - avec un deuxième revêtement (24) de laque optiquement transparent, au moins partiellement, qui est appliqué sur le premier revêtement (22), selon un procédé d'impression directe ou un procédé d'impression indirecte, la quantité appliquée étant répartie spatialement de telle manière que des régions soient pourvues d'une quantité plus élevée et des régions pourvues d'une quantité plus faible ou des régions dépourvues de toute application, et qui forme une structure superficielle négative, de sorte que des structures superficielles du décor bois, devant imiter des cavités, forment des élévations (28).
  14. Pièce selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisée en ce que la répartition variée de la quantité de deuxième revêtement (24) appliquée forme une structure linéaire (26, 28).
  15. Pièce selon revendication 13 ou 14,
    caractérisée en ce que les élévations (28) du deuxième revêtement (24) sont dotées d'une substructure qui consiste en élévations individuelles, distancées (29).
  16. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 15,
    caractérisée en ce que le deuxième revêtement (24) présente des nanoparticules.
  17. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16,
    caractérisée en ce que le deuxième revêtement (24) consiste en une laque de scellement avec nanoparticules.
  18. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 17,
    caractérisée en ce que le taux de luisance du deuxième revêtement (24) diffère du taux de luisance du premier revêtement.
  19. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 18,
    caractérisée en ce que l'un ou plusieurs des revêtements de surface suivants est prévu / sont prévus sous le premier revêtement (22):
    - un agent adhésif comprenant au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de fond comprenant au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement d'impression comprenant au moins une couche et représentant un décor,
    - un revêtement de fond bruni comprenant au moins une couche,
    - un revêtement de laque contenant du corindon et comprenant au moins une couche, et
    - un revêtement de vernis à poncer comprenant au moins une couche.
  20. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 19,
    caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur des structures du deuxième revêtement (24) est située au-dessous de 0,1 mm.
  21. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 13 à 20,
    caractérisée en ce que le deuxième revêtement (24) est appliqué avec une répartition adaptée au décor bois imprimé.
  22. Dispositif pour réaliser une surface structurée sur une pièce (2) en forme de plaque en matériau dérivé du bois, qui est destinée à être utilisée comme revêtement de sol ou comme élément de meuble,
    - avec au moins une station de traitement (18, 20), dotée d'un rouleau applicateur, pour imprimer un décor bois qui présente des régions à interpréter comme étant des cavités,
    - avec une station de traitement (6), dotée d'un rouleau applicateur (10), pour appliquer un premier revêtement (22) de laque optiquement transparent, au moins partiellement sur la surface de la pièce (2), à la suite du décor bois, et
    - avec une station de traitement (8) équipée d'un rouleau applicateur (14), doté d'une surface latérale structurée, pour imprimer, sur le premier revêtement (22), directement ou indirectement, un deuxième revêtement (24) optiquement transparent, sur au moins partiellement, la répartition du deuxième revêtement (24) sur le premier revêtement (22) variant de telle manière que des régions soient pourvues d'une quantité plus élevée et des régions pourvues d'une quantité plus faible ou des régions dépourvues de toute application, sachant que la surface latéral, structurée du rouleau applicateur (14) définit une structure superficielle, destinée à générer une structure superficielle négative sur la pièce (2) en forme de plaque, de telle manière que le deuxième revêtement (24) forme une structure superficielle négative de sorte que des structures superficielles du décor bois devant imiter des cavités forment des élévations (28).
  23. Dispositif selon la revendication 22,
    caractérisée en ce que la station de traitement (8) pour l'application du deuxième revêtement (24) est dotée d'un dispositif de posttraitement (16) pour le séchage et / ou le durcissement du deuxième revêtement.
  24. Dispositif selon revendication 22 ou 23,
    caractérisée en ce que la station de traitement (6) pour l'application du premier revêtement est dotée d'un dispositif de posttraitement (12) pour le séchage et / ou le durcissement du premier revêtement (22).
EP04028565.2A 2004-10-05 2004-12-02 Procédé et appareil pour faire une surface structurée et objet manufacturé avec une surface structurée Active EP1645339B1 (fr)

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EP10158405.0A EP2218520B1 (fr) 2004-10-05 2004-12-02 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une surface structurée
PL04028565T PL1645339T3 (pl) 2004-10-05 2004-12-02 Sposób wytwarzania strukturalnej powierzchni oraz płyty ze strukturalną powierzchnią
PL10158405T PL2218520T3 (pl) 2004-10-05 2004-12-02 Sposób i urządzenie do wytwarzania powierzchni strukturyzowanej
RU2007116965/11A RU2356639C2 (ru) 2004-10-05 2005-10-05 Способ и устройство для изготовления структурированной поверхности и заготовка со структурированной поверхностью
PCT/EP2005/010796 WO2006037644A2 (fr) 2004-10-05 2005-10-05 Procede et dispositif pour produire une surface structuree et piece a surface structuree

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PL2218520T3 (pl) 2013-11-29
WO2006037644A2 (fr) 2006-04-13
ES2425197T3 (es) 2013-10-14
PL1645339T3 (pl) 2015-12-31
EP2218520A3 (fr) 2011-03-02
EP1645339A1 (fr) 2006-04-12
ES2545665T3 (es) 2015-09-14
RU2007116965A (ru) 2008-11-20
EP2218520B1 (fr) 2013-06-12
RU2356639C2 (ru) 2009-05-27
EP2218520A2 (fr) 2010-08-18

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