EP1641859B1 - Blocked polyisocyanates - Google Patents

Blocked polyisocyanates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1641859B1
EP1641859B1 EP04739942A EP04739942A EP1641859B1 EP 1641859 B1 EP1641859 B1 EP 1641859B1 EP 04739942 A EP04739942 A EP 04739942A EP 04739942 A EP04739942 A EP 04739942A EP 1641859 B1 EP1641859 B1 EP 1641859B1
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Prior art keywords
blocked polyisocyanates
sub
blocked
preparation
polyisocyanates
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1641859A1 (en
Inventor
Jan Mazanek
Reinhard Halpaap
Markus Mechtel
Thomas Klimmasch
Christoph Thiebes
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Covestro Deutschland AG
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Bayer MaterialScience AG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/62Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08G18/6216Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/80Masked polyisocyanates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/0838Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
    • C08G18/0842Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents
    • C08G18/0861Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers
    • C08G18/0866Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers the dispersing or dispersed phase being an aqueous medium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/10Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/62Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/703Isocyanates or isothiocyanates transformed in a latent form by physical means
    • C08G18/705Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium
    • C08G18/706Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium the liquid medium being water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/79Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/79Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/791Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
    • C08G18/792Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/80Masked polyisocyanates
    • C08G18/8061Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/807Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/80Masked polyisocyanates
    • C08G18/8061Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/807Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
    • C08G18/808Monoamines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel blocked polyisocyanates and self-crosslinking one-component stoving systems and their use in the preparation of paints, inks, adhesives and elastomers.
  • Blocked polyisocyanates are used, inter alia, for the production of storage-stable, heat-curing, one-component polyurethane baking systems (1-component PU stoving systems) at room temperature.
  • the blocked polyisocyanates are thereby added e.g. mixed with hydroxyl-containing polyesters, polyacrylates, other polymers and other constituents of paints and inks such as pigments, cosolvents or additives.
  • Another form of storage-stable stoving lacquers at room temperature are self-crosslinking stoving systems which contain as binders polymers which contain both blocked isocyanates and hydroxyl groups in one molecule.
  • Secondary amines are used as blocking agents in the EP-A 0 096 210 described. However, only amines containing alkyl, cycloalkyl and aralkyl groups are expressly mentioned there as blocking agents. Amines containing functional groups with carbon-heteroatom multiple bonds or heteroatom-heteroatom multiple bonds are not explicitly mentioned there. The with the in the EP-A 0 096 210 In addition, polyisocyanates blocked by the described secondary amines are not generally suitable for the preparation of solvent-borne or high-solids paints, since they have insufficient solubility in organic solvents.
  • the most commonly used blocking agents for isocyanates are ⁇ -caprolactam and butanone oxime. While in the case of ⁇ -caprolactam usually stoving temperatures are applied by 160 ° C or higher, blocked 1K-PUR baking enamels, in which butanone oxime was used as a blocking agent, already baked at 10 to 20 ° C lower temperatures become. For modern paint systems, however, a further reduction of the required stoving temperatures is sought, on the one hand to save energy and the stoves to operate at lower temperatures and on the other hand to be able to coat temperature-sensitive substrates with such 1K-PUR coatings.
  • Blocked polyisocyanates with which 1K baking systems can be formulated with lower stoving temperatures can be prepared by blocking polyisocyanates with diethyl malonate, 1,2,4-triazole and diisopropylamine.
  • these have the disadvantage that they are not sufficiently soluble in organic solvents, especially in combination with polyisocyanates based on linear aliphatic diisocyanates, and crystallize out of these solutions and are therefore not generally usable.
  • low-setting 1K PUR baking systems based on 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanates can be formulated. These have the disadvantage that 3,5-dimethylpyrazole is a solid at room temperature and thus difficult to meter.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention for the production of paints, inks and other stoving systems such as adhesives or elastomers and as an additive in the vulcanization of rubbers, and methods for coating substrates with paints containing the blocked polyisocyanates of the invention, Furthermore, articles made of these materials and coated with these substrates.
  • the blocking agents of the formula (III) can be prepared, for example, by reaction of primary amines with compounds having activated carbon-carbon double bonds, as described, for example, in US Pat Organikum, 19th edition, German publishing house of the sciences, Leipzig, 1993, pages 523-525 described manufacture.
  • a primary amine selectively reacts with a carbon-carbon double bond to form a secondary, unsymmetrical amine.
  • blocking agent of the formula (III) substances which are reaction products in the sense described above of sterically hindered primary alkylamines, such as sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, optionally alkyl-substituted cyclohexylamine, iso-propylamine, cyclopropylamine, the branched or cyclic isomers of pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and nonylamine or benzylamine and compounds having an activated carbon-carbon double bond, such as ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated N, N-Carbonkladialkylamiden, nitroalkenes, aldehydes and ketones.
  • sterically hindered primary alkylamines such as sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, optionally alkyl-substituted cyclohexylamine,
  • substances which are addition products of primary amines to alkyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic and crotonic acids such as methyl methacrylate, iso-norbornyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2 -Ethylhexylmethacrylat, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isoPropylacrylat, iso-norbornyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, crotonic acid methyl ester, crotonic acid, crotonic acid propyl ester.
  • the preparation of the blocking agent can be done in a suitable, preferably polar solvent.
  • the desired products can be separated by distillation or by extraction of the solvent and / or by-products and then reacted with the polyisocyanates.
  • blocking agents of the formula (III) which have been prepared by a route other than that described above, for example by transesterification of an ethyl ester of the formula (III) into a methyl ester.
  • blocking agents of formula (III) can be used in any mixtures with each other.
  • polyisocyanates (II) which are used for the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention, triisocyanatononane and all known aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates and the polyisocyanates based thereon having an isocyanate content of from 0.5 to 60, preferably from 3 to 30, are particularly preferred 5 to 25 wt .-% or mixtures thereof are used.
  • polyisocyanates based on 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI), 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,5-diisocyanato-2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,2, 4- or 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-diisocyanatodecane, 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 2,6- and 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane 1 , 3- and 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), 2,4- and 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexyl
  • Polyisocyanates which have oxadiazinetrione groups, carbodiimide groups, allophanate groups, isocyanurate groups, iminooxadiazinetrione groups, urethane groups and biuret groups are particularly suitable.
  • the known polyisocyanates which are mainly used in the production of paints are particularly suitable, for example oxadiazinetrione, allophanate, and / or biuret, and / or isocyanurate, uretdione and / or iminooxadiazinetrione groups, having modifying products of the above simple diisocyanates, in particular hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate or 2,4'- or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane.
  • low molecular weight polyisocyanates containing urethane groups such as can be obtained by reacting excess IPDI or TDI with simple polyhydric alcohols of the molecular weight range 62 to 300, in particular with trimethylolpropane or glycerol.
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane or mixtures of these compounds are particularly preferred.
  • polyisocyanates prepared by modification of monomeric diisocyanates described above can be freed after the preparation of excess monomers, for example by thin film distillation. However, it is also possible to use the reaction mixtures containing monomeric diisocyanates obtained after the modification immediately for blocking.
  • Suitable polyisocyanates are also the known prepolymers containing terminal isocyanate groups, such as are obtainable in particular by reacting the abovementioned simple polyisocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, with substancial amounts of organic compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups.
  • the ratio of isocyanate groups to NCO-reactive hydrogen atoms corresponds to 1.3: 1 to 20: 1, preferably 1.5: 1 to 3: 1, wherein the hydrogen atoms are preferably derived from hydroxyl groups.
  • the type and proportions of the starting materials used in the preparation of NCO prepolymers are preferably selected so that the NCO prepolymers preferably have an average NCO functionality of 2 to 3 and a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, preferably 800 to 4000. It is possible to remove unreacted polyisocyanate, preferably by distillation, after preparation of the prepolymers.
  • polyisocyanates mentioned can also be used as mixtures with one another.
  • the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates (I) according to the invention can be carried out by methods known per se.
  • one or more polyisocyanates may be initially introduced and the blocking agent metered in (with stirring, for example, for about 10 minutes). It is stirred until no more free isocyanate is detectable. It is also possible to have one or to block several polyisocyanates with a mixture of two or more blocking agents.
  • Suitable solvents include, for example, the customary enamel solvents, such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1-methoxypropyl-2-acetate, 3-methoxy-n-butyl acetate, acetone, 2-butanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, cyclohexanone, toluene , Xylene, N-methylpyrrolidone, chlorobenzene or white spirit.
  • the customary enamel solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1-methoxypropyl-2-acetate, 3-methoxy-n-butyl acetate, acetone, 2-butanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, cyclohexanone, toluene , Xylene, N-methylpyrrolidone, chlorobenzene or white spirit.
  • alcohols such as isobutanol
  • Preferred solvents are acetone, butyl acetate, 2-butanone, 1-methoxypropyl-2-acetate, xylene, toluene, mixtures containing above all higher substituted aromatics, as described for example under the names Solvent Naphtha, Solvesso ® (Exxon Chemicals, Houston, USA), Cypar ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), cyclo Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Tolu Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Shellsol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE) in trade are.
  • the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are used for the preparation of binders for coatings, paints and other stoving systems such as adhesives and elastomers and serve here as crosslinkers for polyol components.
  • the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are, as described above, self-crosslinking polymers and / or can also be used as crosslinkers for polyol components.
  • polyol components which may also be used as mixtures, polyhydroxy-polyesters, polyhydroxy-polyethers or other hydroxyl-containing polymers, e.g. the known polyhydroxypolyacrylates having a hydroxyl number of 20 to 200, preferably from 50 to 130, based on 100% products, or polyhydroxycarbonates or polyhydroxyurethanes into consideration.
  • polyesterpolyols are, in particular, the reaction products of polyhydric alcohols known per se in polyurethane chemistry, for example of alkanepolyols of the type exemplified with excess amounts of polycarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic anhydrides, in particular dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acid anhydrides.
  • Suitable polycarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides are, for example, adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, their Diels-Alder adducts with cyclopentadiene, fumaric acid or dimeric or trimeric fatty acids.
  • adipic acid phthalic acid
  • isophthalic acid phthalic anhydride
  • tetrahydrophthalic anhydride tetrahydrophthalic anhydride
  • hexahydrophthalic anhydride maleic acid, maleic anhydride
  • their Diels-Alder adducts with cyclopentadiene fumaric acid or dimeric or trimeric fatty acids.
  • the preparation of the polyester is carried out by known methods, such as in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume XIV / 2, G. Thieme-Verlag, 1963, pages 1 to 47 are described.
  • the optionally required hydrophilic modification of these polyhydroxyl compounds is carried out according to methods known per se, as described, for example, in US Pat EP-A 0 157 291 or EP-A 0 427 028 are described.
  • Suitable polyether polyols are the ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of suitable 2- to 4-valent starter molecules known per se from polyurethane chemistry, such as e.g. Water, ethylene glycol, propanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and / or pentaerythritol.
  • suitable 2- to 4-valent starter molecules known per se from polyurethane chemistry, such as e.g. Water, ethylene glycol, propanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and / or pentaerythritol.
  • polyhydroxyl polyacrylates are known per se copolymers of styrene with simple esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, wherein for the purpose of introduction the hydroxyl groups hydroxyalkyl esters, such as the 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-hydroxybutyl esters of these acids are used.
  • hydrous 1K polyurethane coatings by dispersing the optionally solvent-containing blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention together with a hydrophilically modified polymer containing hydroxyl groups in water.
  • the preparation of the lacquers, paints and other formulations using the polyisocyanates according to the invention is carried out by methods known per se.
  • conventional additives and other excipients e.g., solvents, pigments, fillers, leveling agents, defoamers, catalysts
  • solvents, pigments, fillers, leveling agents, defoamers, catalysts can be added to the formulations in amounts readily determined by one skilled in the art by orienting experiments.
  • aminoplast resins are the condensation products of melamine and formaldehyde or urea and formaldehyde which are known in paint technology. Suitable are all conventional melamine-formaldehyde condensates which have not been etherified or are etherified with saturated monoalcohols having 1 to 4 C atoms. If other crosslinker components are used, the amount of binder with NCO-reactive hydroxyl groups must be adjusted accordingly.
  • the blocked polyisocyanates of the invention may be used to prepare stoving enamels, e.g. used for industrial painting and automotive finishing.
  • the coating compositions according to the invention by doctoring, dipping, spray application such as compressed air or airless spraying, and by electrostatic application, for example, high-rotation bell application, can be applied.
  • the dry film layer thickness can be, for example, 10 to 120 microns.
  • the curing of the dried films is carried out by baking in temperature ranges from 90 to 160 ° C, preferably 110 to 140 ° C.
  • the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention can be used for the production of baking coatings for continuous strip coating, wherein maximum baking temperatures, the skilled person as “peak temperatures”, if the substrate is metal known as “peak metal temperature”, between 130 and 300 ° C. , Preferably 190 to 260 ° C and dry film layer thicknesses, for example, 3 to 40 microns can be achieved.
  • the polyisocyanates according to the invention have in combination lower crosslinking or baking temperatures with polyols than butanone oxime-blocked polyisocyanates are resistant to crystallization in organic solutions and can be prepared in a simple manner.
  • organic solutions of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are significantly less viscous than the conventional blocked polyisocyanates, which is desirable in view of a reduction of the solvent content in modern coating systems.
  • Particle sizes were determined by laser correlation spectroscopy.
  • Desmodur ® N3300 Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate groups based on 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI) with an NCO content of 21.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 3000 mPa.s and an NCO Functionality of approx. 3.5.
  • HDI 1,6-diisocyanatohexane
  • Desmodur ® Z4470BA Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) containing 30 wt .-% of butyl acetate, having an NCO content of 11.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 700 mPas and an NCO functionality of about 3.4.
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • Desmodur ® Z4470MPA / X Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) containing 30 wt .-% of a 1: 1 mixture of xylene and methoxypropyl acetate, having an NCO content of 11.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 700 mPas and an NCO functionality of about 3.4.
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • the blocked with the blocking agent B 1 polyisocyanates of Examples 1-3 have a lower viscosity than the corresponding blocked with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole or butanone oxime polyisocyanates of Comparative Examples 1-3.
  • Example 3 142.9 g of the products from Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were 1.4 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.15 g Modaflow ® (flow control agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.15 g Baysilon ® OL 17 (leveling agent, Polyetherpolysiloxan, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate, Bayer AG, Leverkusen,) and the mixture stirred in each case intimately. With a doctor blade, the two mixtures were applied to three glass plates and this was flashed off for 10 min. After baking for 30 minutes in a circulating air oven at 100 ° C., 140 ° C.
  • DBTL dibutyltin dilaurate
  • Modaflow ® flow control agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate
  • Baysilon ® OL 17 leveling agent, Polyetherpoly
  • Example and Comparative Example 10 Preparation of a 1-component PUR clearcoat starting from the blocked polyisocyanate of Example 1 according to the invention and a 1-component PUR clearcoat starting from a 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-blocked polyisocyanate
  • Desmophen A 870 OH-functional polyacrylate polymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70% in butyl acetate, with an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 3.0 %), 0.75 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.08 g Modaflow ® (leveling agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.08 g of Baysilon OL 17 (flow control agents, polyether polysiloxane manufactured by Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 1% in methoxypropyl acetate) and the mixture is stirred intimately.
  • DBTL dibutyltin dilaurate
  • Modaflow ® leveling agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate
  • Baysilon OL 17 flow control agents, polyether polysiloxane manufactured by Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 1% in
  • Desmodur BL ® VP LS 2253 (Bayer AG, dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanate based on Desmodur ® N 3300, Bayer AG, 75% in MPA / solvent naphtha) and 57.5 g of Desmophen ® A 870 (OH-functional polyacrylate polymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70% in butyl acetate, with an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 3.0%) was added 0.7 g dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.07 g Modaflow ® (leveling agents, acrylic copolymer of optionally Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.07 g Baysilon ® OL 17 (flow control agents, polyether polysiloxane, 1% in methoxypropyl acetate, Bayer AG, Leverkusen) and the mixture was intimately stirred.
  • DBTL dibutyltin dilaurate
  • the coating system based on the polyisocyanate according to the invention has comparable properties even at a baking temperature of 120 ° C. to the coating system baked at 140 ° C. and based on the 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-blocked polyisocyanate. At 140 ° C coatings are obtained with very good solvent scratch, and chemical resistance and low yellowing tendency with the paints of the invention.

Abstract

Blocked polyisocyanates and one-component stoving systems containing these blocked polyisocyanates, and the preparation thereof and their use for the preparation of lacquers, paints, adhesives and elastomers, wherein blocked polyisocyanates are prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with secondary amines corresponding to the formula wherein R<SUP>1</SUP>-R<SUP>4 </SUP>can be identical or different and denote hydrogen, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>6</SUB>-alkyl or cycloalkyl, R<SUP>5 </SUP>denotes C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>10</SUB>-alkyl, C<SUB>3</SUB>-C<SUB>10</SUB>-cycloalkyl, y denotes a number from 2 to 8, and B represents wherein R<SUP>6</SUP>-R<SUP>8 </SUP>can be identical or different and independently of one another denote C<SUB>1</SUB>-<SUB>6</SUB>-alkyl and/or C<SUB>3</SUB>-C<SUB>6</SUB>-cycloalkyl, R<SUP>9 </SUP>denotes hydrogen or C<SUB>1</SUB>-<SUB>6</SUB>-alkyl or C<SUB>3</SUB>-C<SUB>6</SUB>-cycloalkyl.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue blockierte Polyisocyanate und selbstvernetzende Einkomponenten-Einbrennsysteme und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Lacken, Farben, Klebstoffen und Elastomeren.The present invention relates to novel blocked polyisocyanates and self-crosslinking one-component stoving systems and their use in the preparation of paints, inks, adhesives and elastomers.

Der Einsatz von Blockierungsmitteln zum temporären Schutz von Isocyanatgruppen ist seit langem bekannt. Blockierte Polyisocyanate werden unter anderem zur Herstellung von bei Raumtemperatur lagerstabilen, in der Hitze aushärtenden Einkomponenten-Polyurethan-Einbrennsystemen (1K-PUR-Einbrennsystemen) eingesetzt. Die blockierten Polyisocyanate werden dabei z.B. mit Hydroxylgruppen enthaltenden Polyestern, Polyacrylaten, anderen Polymeren sowie weiteren Bestandteilen von Lacken und Farben wie Pigmenten, Colösern oder Additiven vermischt. Eine andere Form bei Raumtemperatur lagerstabiler Einbrennlacke sind selbstvernetzende Einbrennsysteme, die als Bindemittel Polymere enthalten, die in einem Molekül sowohl blockierte Isocyanate als auch Hydroxylgruppen enthalten.The use of blocking agents for the temporary protection of isocyanate groups has long been known. Blocked polyisocyanates are used, inter alia, for the production of storage-stable, heat-curing, one-component polyurethane baking systems (1-component PU stoving systems) at room temperature. The blocked polyisocyanates are thereby added e.g. mixed with hydroxyl-containing polyesters, polyacrylates, other polymers and other constituents of paints and inks such as pigments, cosolvents or additives. Another form of storage-stable stoving lacquers at room temperature are self-crosslinking stoving systems which contain as binders polymers which contain both blocked isocyanates and hydroxyl groups in one molecule.

Übersichten über den Einsatz von blockierten Polyisocyanaten finden sich beispielsweise in Wicks, Z. Progress in Organic Coatings 3 (1975) 73-99 , Wicks, Z. Progress in Organic Coatings 9 (1981) 3-28 , D. A. Wicks and Z. W. Wicks, Progress in Organic Coatings, (1999), 148-172 .Overviews on the use of blocked polyisocyanates can be found for example in Wicks, Z. Progress in Organic Coatings 3 (1975) 73-99 . Wicks, Z. Progress in Organic Coatings 9 (1981) 3-28 . DA Wicks and ZW Wicks, Progress in Organic Coatings, (1999), 148-172 ,

Die wichtigsten Verbindungen, die zur Blockierung von Polyisocyanaten eingesetzt werden, sind ε-Caprolactam, Methyl-ethyl-ketoxim (Butanonoxim), Malonsäurediethylester, sekundäre Amine sowie Triazol- und Pyrazolderivate, so wie sie z.B. in EP-A 0 576 952 , EP-A 0 566 953 , EP-A 0 159 117 , US-A 4482 721 , WO 97/12924 oder EP-A 0 744 423 beschrieben sind.The most important compounds which are used for blocking polyisocyanates are ε-caprolactam, methyl ethyl ketoxime (butanone oxime), diethyl malonate, secondary amines and triazole and pyrazole derivatives, as described, for example, in US Pat EP-A 0 576 952 . EP-A 0 566 953 . EP-A 0 159 117 . US-A 4,482,721 . WO 97/12924 or EP-A 0 744 423 are described.

Sekundäre Amine werden als Blockierungsmittel in der EP-A 0 096 210 beschrieben. Dort werden allerdings lediglich Alkyl-, Cycloalkyl- und Aralkylgruppen enthaltende Amine als Blockierungsmittel ausdrücklich genannt. Amine, die funktionelle Gruppen mit Kohlenstoff-Heteroatom-Mehrfachbindungen oder Heteroatom-Heteroatom-Mehrfachbindungen enthalten, werden dort nicht explizit erwähnt. Die mit den in der EP-A 0 096 210 beschriebenen sekundären Aminen blockierten Polyisocyanate sind zudem nicht allgemein zur Herstellung von lösemittelhaltigen, bzw. hoch Festkörper-haltigen Lacken ("high solids"-Lacken), verwendbar, da sie in organischen Lösemitteln eine unzureichende Löslichkeit besitzen.Secondary amines are used as blocking agents in the EP-A 0 096 210 described. However, only amines containing alkyl, cycloalkyl and aralkyl groups are expressly mentioned there as blocking agents. Amines containing functional groups with carbon-heteroatom multiple bonds or heteroatom-heteroatom multiple bonds are not explicitly mentioned there. The with the in the EP-A 0 096 210 In addition, polyisocyanates blocked by the described secondary amines are not generally suitable for the preparation of solvent-borne or high-solids paints, since they have insufficient solubility in organic solvents.

Die am häufigsten eingesetzten Blockierungsmittel für Isocyanate sind ε-Caprolactam und Butanonoxim. Während im Fall von ε-Caprolactam in der Regel Einbrenntemperaturen um 160°C oder höher angewandt werden, können blockierte 1K-PUR-Einbrennlacke, bei denen Butanonoxim als Blockierungsmittel eingesetzt wurde, schon bei 10 bis 20°C niedrigeren Temperaturen eingebrannt werden. Für moderne Lacksysteme wird jedoch eine weitere Absenkung der erforderlichen Einbrenntemperaturen angestrebt, um einerseits Energie zu sparen und die Einbrennöfen bei niedrigeren Temperaturen betreiben zu können und um andererseits auch temperaturempfindliche Substrate mit solchen 1K-PUR-Lacken beschichten zu können.The most commonly used blocking agents for isocyanates are ε-caprolactam and butanone oxime. While in the case of ε-caprolactam usually stoving temperatures are applied by 160 ° C or higher, blocked 1K-PUR baking enamels, in which butanone oxime was used as a blocking agent, already baked at 10 to 20 ° C lower temperatures become. For modern paint systems, however, a further reduction of the required stoving temperatures is sought, on the one hand to save energy and the stoves to operate at lower temperatures and on the other hand to be able to coat temperature-sensitive substrates with such 1K-PUR coatings.

Blockierte Polyisocyanate, mit denen sich 1K-Einbrennsysteme mit niedrigeren Einbrenntemperaturen formulieren lassen, können durch Blockierung von Polyisocyanaten mit Malonsäurediethylester, 1,2,4-Triazol und Diisopropylamin hergestellt werden. Diese haben jedoch, den Nachteil, dass sie, insbesondere in Verbindung mit Polyisocyanaten auf Basis linear-aliphatischer Düsocyanate in organischen Lösungsmitteln nicht genügend löslich sind und aus diesen Lösungen auskristallisieren und somit nicht allgemein einsetzbar sind. Desweiteren lassen sich niedrig einbrennende 1K-PUR-Einbrennsysteme auf Basis mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol blockierter Polyisocyanate formulieren. Diese sind mit dem Nachteil behaftet, dass 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol bei Raumtemperatur ein Feststoff und somit schwer zu dosieren ist. Zur Dosierung in flüssiger Form muss es bei erhöhten Temperaturen in einem Lacklösemittel gelöst oder aufgeschmolzen werden, was einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt darstellt. Es ist zwar aus EP-A 0 0713 871 ein Verfahren bekannt, mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol blockierte Polyisocyanate herzustellen, in dem man 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol in einem Lacklösemittel herstellt und die Reaktionslösung sofort zur Blockierung einsetzt, ohne einen Feststoff zu isolieren, jedoch ist bei diesem Verfahren ein erhöhter apparativer und/oder zeitlicher Aufwand und die Verwendung des krebserzeugenden Hydrazins für die Herstellung des Blockierungsmittels notwendig. Zudem ist es so nicht immer auszuschließen, dass Nebenprodukte der Herstellung von 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol in das Produkt gelangen und zu Beeinträchtigungen des Produktes, z.B. seiner Farbe, führen.Blocked polyisocyanates with which 1K baking systems can be formulated with lower stoving temperatures can be prepared by blocking polyisocyanates with diethyl malonate, 1,2,4-triazole and diisopropylamine. However, these have the disadvantage that they are not sufficiently soluble in organic solvents, especially in combination with polyisocyanates based on linear aliphatic diisocyanates, and crystallize out of these solutions and are therefore not generally usable. Furthermore, low-setting 1K PUR baking systems based on 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanates can be formulated. These have the disadvantage that 3,5-dimethylpyrazole is a solid at room temperature and thus difficult to meter. For dosing in liquid form, it must be dissolved or melted at elevated temperatures in a paint solvent, which is an additional step. It is indeed off EP-A 0 0713 871 a process is known to produce with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanates in which one prepares 3,5-dimethylpyrazole in a paint solvent and the reaction solution immediately used for blocking without isolating a solid, but in this process is an increased apparatus and / or or time and the use of the carcinogenic hydrazine necessary for the preparation of the blocking agent. In addition, it can not always be ruled out that by-products of the production of 3,5-dimethylpyrazole enter the product and lead to impairments of the product, eg its color.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung lag daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, blockierte Polyisocyanate zu bereitzustellen, die die vorgenannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweisen und insbesondere eine niedrigere Vernetzungs- bzw. Einbrenntemperatur ermöglichen als Butanonoximblockierte Polyisocyanate, in organischen Lösungen kristallisationsstabil sind und sich auf einfache Weise herstellen lassen.It is an object of the present invention to provide blocked polyisocyanates which do not have the abovementioned disadvantages of the prior art and in particular allow a lower crosslinking or stoving temperature than butanone oxime-blocked polyisocyanates, are crystallization-stable in organic solutions and can be prepared in a simple manner ,

Diese Aufgabe wurde mit den erfindungsgemäßen, blockierten Polyisocyanaten und diese enthaltenden selbstvernetzenden Einkomponenten-Einbrennsystemen gelöst.This object has been achieved with the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention and self-crosslinking one-component baking systems containing them.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind blockierte Polyisocyanate der Formel (I)

Figure imgb0001
worin

R1-R4
gleich oder verschieden sein können und Wasserstoff, C1-C6-Alkyl oder Cycloalkyl bedeuten,
R5
C1-C10-Alkyl, C3-C10-Cycloalkyl bedeutet,
y
eine Zahl von 2 bis 8 bedeutet,
A
den Kern eines Isocyanats der Funktionalität y bedeutet,
B
für
Figure imgb0002
steht, wobei R6-R8 gleich oder verschieden sein können und unabhängig voneinander C1-C6-Alkyl und/oder C3-C6-Cycloalkyl bedeuten, R9 Wasserstoff oder C1-C6-Alkyl oder C3-C6-Cycloalkyl bedeutet.
The present invention relates to blocked polyisocyanates of the formula (I)
Figure imgb0001
wherein
R 1 -R 4
may be the same or different and are hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or cycloalkyl,
R 5
C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl,
y
a number from 2 to 8 means
A
the nucleus of an isocyanate of the functionality y,
B
For
Figure imgb0002
where R 6 -R 8 may be identical or different and independently of one another are C 1 -C 6 -alkyl and / or C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, R 9 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 3 - C 6 cycloalkyl.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der blockierten Polyisocyanate der Formel (I) dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Polyisocyanate mit der allgemeinen Formel (II)

        A-[-N=C=O]y     (II),

worin A und y die unter Formel I angegebene Bedeutung haben,
mit sekundären Aminen der allgemeinen Formel (III)

Figure imgb0003
worin R1- R5 und B die bei Formel (I) genannte Bedeutung haben,
umgesetzt werden.The invention also provides a process for the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates of the formula (I), which comprises polyisocyanates of the general formula (II)

A - [- N = C = O] y (II),

wherein A and y have the meaning given under formula I,
with secondary amines of the general formula (III)
Figure imgb0003
wherein R 1 - R 5 and B have the meaning given in formula (I),
be implemented.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate zur Herstellung von Lacken, Farben und anderen Einbrennsystemen wie Klebstoffen oder Elastomeren sowie als Zusatz bei der Vulkanisation von Kautschuken, sowie Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Substraten mit Lacken, die die erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate enthalten, ferner Gegenstände aus diesen Materialien und mit diesen beschichtete Substrate.Another object of the invention is the use of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention for the production of paints, inks and other stoving systems such as adhesives or elastomers and as an additive in the vulcanization of rubbers, and methods for coating substrates with paints containing the blocked polyisocyanates of the invention, Furthermore, articles made of these materials and coated with these substrates.

Die Blockierungsmittel der Formel (III) lassen sich beispielsweise durch Reaktion von primären Aminen an Verbindungen mit aktivierten Kohlenstoff-KohlenstoffDoppelbindungen, wie sie beispielsweise in Organikum, 19. Auflage, Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Leipzig, 1993, Seiten 523 bis 525 beschrieben sind, herstellen. Dabei reagiert ein primäres Amin selektiv mit einer Kohlenstoff-Kohlenstoff-Doppelbindung zu einem sekundären, unsymmetrischen Amin. Bevorzugt verwendet man als Blockierungsmittel der Formel (III) Stoffe, die sich als Reaktionsprodukte im oben beschriebenen Sinne von sterisch gehinderten primären Alkylaminen, wie beispielsweise sec-Butylamin, tert-Butylamin, ggf. alkylsubstituiertes Cyclohexylamin, iso-Propylamin, Cyclopropylamin, den verzweigten oder cyclischen Isomeren des Pentyl-, Hexyl-, Heptyl-, Octyl- und Nonylamins oder Benzylamin und Verbindungen mit einer aktivierten Kohlenstoff-Kohlenstoffdoppelbindung, wie beispielsweise α,β-ungesättigten Carbonsäurestern, α,β-ungesättigten N,N-Carbonsäuredialkylamiden, Nitroalkenen, Aldehyden und Ketonen auffassen lassen. Besonders bevorzugt verwendet man Stoffe, die sich als Additionsprodukte von primären Aminen an Alkylester der Acryl-, Methacryl- und Crotonsäure, wie Methylmethacrylat, iso-Norbornylmethacrylat, Ethylmethacrylat, n-Propylmethacrylat, iso-Propylmethacrylat, n-Butylmethacrylat, iso-Butylmethacrylat, 2-Ethylhexylmethacrylat, Methylacrylat, Ethylacrylat, n-Propylacrylat, isoPropylacrylat, iso-Norbornylacrylat, n-Butylacrylat, tert-Butylacrylat, iso-Butylacrylat, 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, Crotonsäuremethylester, Crotonsäureethylester, Crotonsäurepropylester auffassen lassen.The blocking agents of the formula (III) can be prepared, for example, by reaction of primary amines with compounds having activated carbon-carbon double bonds, as described, for example, in US Pat Organikum, 19th edition, German publishing house of the sciences, Leipzig, 1993, pages 523-525 described manufacture. Here, a primary amine selectively reacts with a carbon-carbon double bond to form a secondary, unsymmetrical amine. Preferably used as blocking agent of the formula (III) substances which are reaction products in the sense described above of sterically hindered primary alkylamines, such as sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, optionally alkyl-substituted cyclohexylamine, iso-propylamine, cyclopropylamine, the branched or cyclic isomers of pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and nonylamine or benzylamine and compounds having an activated carbon-carbon double bond, such as α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, α, β-unsaturated N, N-Carbonsäuredialkylamiden, nitroalkenes, aldehydes and ketones. Particular preference is given to using substances which are addition products of primary amines to alkyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic and crotonic acids, such as methyl methacrylate, iso-norbornyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2 -Ethylhexylmethacrylat, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isoPropylacrylat, iso-norbornyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, crotonic acid methyl ester, crotonic acid, crotonic acid propyl ester.

Bevorzugt werden Stoffe verwendet, die sich als das Additionsprodukt von tert-Butylamin oder iso-Propylamin oder Cyclohexylamin an Methyl- oder Ethyl- oder Propyl- oder iso-Propyl- oder n-Butyl- oder iso-Butyl- oder tert-Butylester der Acryl- oder Methacryl- oder Crotonsäure auffassen lassen.Preference is given to using substances which are found to be the addition product of tert-butylamine or isopropylamine or cyclohexylamine to methyl or ethyl or propyl or isopropyl or n-butyl or isobutyl or tert-butyl acrylate - or methacrylic or crotonic acid.

Besonders bevorzugt werden Stoffe verwendet, die sich als das Additionsprodukt von tert-Butylamin an Methylacrylat oder das Additionsprodukt von tert-Butylamin an Methyhnethacrylat oder das Additionsprodukt von tert-Butylamin an tert-Butylacrylat auffassen lassen.Particular preference is given to using substances which can be considered as the addition product of tert-butylamine to methyl acrylate or the addition product of tert-butylamine to methyl methacrylate or the addition product of tert-butylamine to tert-butyl acrylate.

Die Herstellung der Blockierungsmittel kann in einem geeigneten, vorzugsweise polaren Lösemittel geschehen. Gegebenenfalls lassen sich die gewünschten Produkte destillativ oder durch Extraktion von dem Lösemittel und/oder Nebenprodukten trennen und anschließend mit den Polyisocyanaten umsetzen. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Reaktion in einem geeigneten Lacklösemittel durchzuführen und die erhaltene Reaktionsmischung direkt zur Herstellung der blockierten Polyisocyanate zu verwenden.The preparation of the blocking agent can be done in a suitable, preferably polar solvent. Optionally, the desired products can be separated by distillation or by extraction of the solvent and / or by-products and then reacted with the polyisocyanates. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction in a suitable lacquer solvent and to use the resulting reaction mixture directly for the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates.

Selbstverständlich können auch Blockierungsmittel der Formel (III) verwendet werden, die auf einem anderen als dem oben beschriebenen Weg, beispielsweise durch Umesterung eines Ethylesters der Formel (III) in einen Methylester, hergestellt wurden.Of course, it is also possible to use blocking agents of the formula (III) which have been prepared by a route other than that described above, for example by transesterification of an ethyl ester of the formula (III) into a methyl ester.

Selbstverständlich können Blockierungsmittel der Formel (III) in beliebigen Gemischen untereinander verwendet werden.Of course, blocking agents of formula (III) can be used in any mixtures with each other.

Als Polyisocyanate (II), die zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate eingesetzt werden, können Trüsocyanatononan und alle bekannten auf aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen und aromatischen Diisocyanaten sowie die ihnen basierenden Polyisocyanate mit einem Isocyanatgehalt von 0,5 bis 60, bevorzugt 3 bis 30, besonders bevorzugt 5 bis 25 Gew.-% oder deren Gemische eingesetzt werden. Beispielsweise sind dies Polyisocyanate auf Basis von 1,4-Diisocyanatobutan, 1,6-Diisocyanatohexan (HDI), 2-Methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentan, 1,5-Diiso-cyanato-2,2-dimethylpentan, 2,2,4- bzw. 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexan, 1,10-Diisocyanatodecan, 1,3- und 1,4-Diisocyanatocyclohexan, 2,6- und 2,4-Diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexan 1,3- und 1,4-Bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexan, 1-Isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexan (Isophorondiisocyanat, IPDI), 2,4- und 4,4'-Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethan, 1-Iso-cyanato-1-methyl-4(3)isocyanato-methylcyclohexan (IMCI), Bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-norbornan, 1,3- und 1,4-Bis-(2-isocyanato-prop-2-yl)-benzol (TMXDI), 2,4- und 2,6-Diisocyanatotoluol (TDI), Diphenylmethan-2,4'-und/oder 4,4'-diisocyanat (MDI), 1,5-Diisocyanatonaphthalin oder die entsprechenden Diisocyanate.As polyisocyanates (II) which are used for the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention, triisocyanatononane and all known aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates and the polyisocyanates based thereon having an isocyanate content of from 0.5 to 60, preferably from 3 to 30, are particularly preferred 5 to 25 wt .-% or mixtures thereof are used. For example, these are polyisocyanates based on 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI), 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,5-diisocyanato-2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,2, 4- or 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-diisocyanatodecane, 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 2,6- and 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane 1 , 3- and 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), 2,4- and 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane, 1 Iso-cyanato-1-methyl-4 (3) isocyanato-methylcyclohexane (IMCI), bis (isocyanatomethyl) -norbornane, 1,3- and 1,4-bis- (2-isocyanato-prop-2-yl) benzene (TMXDI), 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene (TDI), diphenylmethane-2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI), 1,5-diisocyanatonaphthalene or the corresponding diisocyanates.

Bevorzugt geeignet sind Polyisocyanate, die Oxadiazintriongruppen, Carbodiimidgruppen, Allophanatgruppen, Isocyanuratgruppen, Iminooxadiazintriongruppen, Urethangruppen und Biuretgruppen aufweisen. Besonders gut sind erfindungsgemäß die bekannten Polyisocyanate, die hauptsächlich bei der Herstellung von Lacken verwendet werden einsetzbar, z.B. Oxadiazintrion-, Allophanat-, und/oder Biuret-, und/oder Isocyanurat-, Uretdiongruppen und/oder Iminooxadiazintriongruppen, aufweisende Modifizierungsprodukte der oben genannten einfachen Diisocyanate, insbesondere des Hexamethylendiisocyanats oder des Isophorondiisocyanats oder des 2,4'- oder des 4,4'-Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethans. Weiterhin geeignet sind niedermolekulare, Urethangruppen enthaltende Polyisocyanate, wie sie durch Umsetzung von im Überschuss eingesetztem IPDI oder TDI mit einfachen mehrwertigen Alkoholen des Molekulargewichtsbereiches 62 bis 300, insbesondere mit Trimethylolpropan oder Glycerin, erhalten werden können.Polyisocyanates which have oxadiazinetrione groups, carbodiimide groups, allophanate groups, isocyanurate groups, iminooxadiazinetrione groups, urethane groups and biuret groups are particularly suitable. According to the invention, the known polyisocyanates which are mainly used in the production of paints are particularly suitable, for example oxadiazinetrione, allophanate, and / or biuret, and / or isocyanurate, uretdione and / or iminooxadiazinetrione groups, having modifying products of the above simple diisocyanates, in particular hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate or 2,4'- or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane. Also suitable are low molecular weight polyisocyanates containing urethane groups, such as can be obtained by reacting excess IPDI or TDI with simple polyhydric alcohols of the molecular weight range 62 to 300, in particular with trimethylolpropane or glycerol.

Besonders bevorzugt sind Polyisocyanate mit Isocyanurat-, Iminooxadiazindion- oder Biuretstruktur auf Basis von Hexamethylendiisocyanat (HDI), Isophorondiisocyanat (IPDI) und/oder 2,4'-und/oder 4,4'-Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethan oder Gemische dieser Verbindungen.Particularly preferred are polyisocyanates with isocyanurate, iminooxadiazinedione or biuret structure based on hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and / or 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane or mixtures of these compounds.

Die oben beschriebenen, durch Modifizierung von monomeren Diisocyanaten hergestellten Polyisocyanate können nach der Herstellung von überschüssigen Monomeren befreit werden, beispielsweise durch Dünnschichtdestillation. Es ist aber auch möglich, die nach der Modifizierung anfallenden, monomere Diisocyanate enthaltenden Reaktionsgemische sofort zur Blockierung einzusetzen.The polyisocyanates prepared by modification of monomeric diisocyanates described above can be freed after the preparation of excess monomers, for example by thin film distillation. However, it is also possible to use the reaction mixtures containing monomeric diisocyanates obtained after the modification immediately for blocking.

Geeignete Polyisocyanate sind ferner die bekannten, endständige Isocyanatgruppen aufweisenden Prepolymere, wie sie insbesondere durch Umsetzung der oben genannten einfachen Polyisocyanate, vorzugsweise Diisocyanate, mit unterschüssigen Mengen an organischen Verbindungen mit mindestens zwei gegenüber Isocyanaten reaktionsfähigen funktionellen Gruppen zugänglich sind. In diesen bekannten Prepolymeren entspricht das Verhältnis von Isocyanatgruppen zu gegenüber NCO-reaktiven Wasserstoffatomen 1,3:1 bis 20:1, vorzugsweise 1,5:1 bis 3:1, wobei die Wasserstoffatome vorzugsweise aus Hydroxylgruppen stammen. Die Art und Mengenverhältnisse der bei der Herstellung von NCO-Prepolymeren eingesetzten Ausgangsmaterialien werden vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass die NCO-Prepolymeren vorzugsweise eine mittlere NCO-Funktionalität von 2 bis 3 und ein Zahlenmittel der Molmasse von 500 bis 10000, vorzugsweise 800 bis 4000 aufweisen. Es ist möglich nach Herstellung der Prepolymere nicht umgesetztes Polyisocyanat, vorzugsweise destillativ, zu entfernen.Suitable polyisocyanates are also the known prepolymers containing terminal isocyanate groups, such as are obtainable in particular by reacting the abovementioned simple polyisocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, with substancial amounts of organic compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups. In these known prepolymers, the ratio of isocyanate groups to NCO-reactive hydrogen atoms corresponds to 1.3: 1 to 20: 1, preferably 1.5: 1 to 3: 1, wherein the hydrogen atoms are preferably derived from hydroxyl groups. The type and proportions of the starting materials used in the preparation of NCO prepolymers are preferably selected so that the NCO prepolymers preferably have an average NCO functionality of 2 to 3 and a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, preferably 800 to 4000. It is possible to remove unreacted polyisocyanate, preferably by distillation, after preparation of the prepolymers.

Selbstverständlich können die genannten Polyisocyanate auch als Gemische untereinander eingesetzt werden.Of course, the polyisocyanates mentioned can also be used as mixtures with one another.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate (I) kann nach an sich bekannten Methoden erfolgen. Beispielsweise können ein oder mehrere Polyisocyanate vorgelegt und das Blockierungsmittel (beispielsweise während etwa 10 Min.) unter Rühren zudosiert werden. Es wird so lange gerührt, bis kein freies Isocyanat mehr nachweisbar ist. Es ist auch möglich, ein oder mehrere Polyisocyanate mit einem Gemisch aus zwei oder mehreren Blockierungsmitteln zu blockieren.The preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates (I) according to the invention can be carried out by methods known per se. For example, one or more polyisocyanates may be initially introduced and the blocking agent metered in (with stirring, for example, for about 10 minutes). It is stirred until no more free isocyanate is detectable. It is also possible to have one or to block several polyisocyanates with a mixture of two or more blocking agents.

Es ist aber auch möglich die freien NCO-Gruppen der Polyisocyanate nur teilweise mit den erfindungsgemäßen Blockierungsmitteln umzusetzen und den restliche Teil mit einem Überschuss an Hydroxylgruppen enthaltenden später detailliert beschriebenen Polyestern, Polyurethanen und/oder Polyacrylaten sowie gegebenenfalls deren Gemischen umzusetzen, so dass ein freie Hydroxygruppen und blockierte NCO-Gruppen enthaltendes Polymer entsteht, das beim Erhitzen auf geeignete Einbrenntemperaturen ohne Zugabe weiterer Isocyanatgruppen und/oder Hydroxylgruppen enthaltender Stoffe vernetzt.However, it is also possible to react the free NCO groups of the polyisocyanates only partially with the blocking agents according to the invention and to react the remaining part with an excess of hydroxyl-containing polyesters, polyurethanes and / or polyacrylates, described in detail later, and optionally mixtures thereof, such that a free hydroxy group and blocked NCO-containing polymer is formed, which crosslinks when heated to suitable stoving temperatures without the addition of further isocyanate groups and / or hydroxyl-containing substances.

Es ist weiterhin möglich, freie NCO-Gruppen von Diisocyanaten nur teilweise mit den erfindungsgemäßen Blockierungsmitteln umzusetzen und anschließend einen Teil der nichtblockierten NCO-Gruppen unter Bildung von aus mindestens zwei Diisocyanaten aufgebauten Polyisocyanaten abzureagieren.It is furthermore possible to react free NCO groups of diisocyanates only partially with the blocking agents according to the invention and then to react off a portion of the unblocked NCO groups to form polyisocyanates composed of at least two diisocyanates.

Die Herstellung der blockierten Polyisocyanate und selbstvernetzenden Einkomponenten-Einbrennsysteme kann gegebenenfalls in einem geeigneten organischen Lösemittel erfolgen. Als Lösemittel geeignet sind beispielsweise die an sich üblichen Lacklösemittel, wie z.B. Ethylacetat, Butylacetat, 1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetat, 3-Methoxy-n-butylacetat, Aceton, 2-Butanon, 4-Methyl-2-pentanon, Cyclohexanon, Toluol, Xylol, N-Methylpyrrolidon, Chlorbenzol oder Testbenzin. Mischungen, die vor allem höher substituierte Aromaten enthalten, wie sie beispielsweise unter den Bezeichnungen Solvent Naphtha, Solvesso® (Exxon Chemicals, Houston, USA), Cypar® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Cyclo Sol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Tolu Sol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Shellsol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE) im Handel sind, sind ebenfalls geeignet. Die Zugabe der Lösemittel kann aber auch im Anschluss an die Herstellung der erfmdungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate erfolgen, beispielsweise zur Erniedrigung der Viskosität. In diesem Fall können auch Alkohole, wie beispielsweise Isobutanol verwendet werden, da dann die vorhandenen NCO-Gruppen vollständig mit den isocyanatreaktiven Gruppen abreagiert sind. Bevorzugte Lösemittel sind Aceton, Butylacetat, 2-Butanon, 1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetat, Xylol, Toluol, Mischungen, die vor allem höher substituierte Aromaten enthalten, wie sie beispielsweise unter den Bezeichnungen Solvent Naphtha, Solvesso® (Exxon Chemicals, Houston, USA), Cypar® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Cyclo Sol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Tolu Sol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Shellsol® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE) im Handel sind.The preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates and self-crosslinking one-component baking systems may optionally be carried out in a suitable organic solvent. Suitable solvents include, for example, the customary enamel solvents, such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1-methoxypropyl-2-acetate, 3-methoxy-n-butyl acetate, acetone, 2-butanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, cyclohexanone, toluene , Xylene, N-methylpyrrolidone, chlorobenzene or white spirit. Mixtures containing above all higher substituted aromatics, as for example under the names Solvent Naphtha, Solvesso ® (Exxon Chemicals, Houston, USA), Cypar ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Cyclo Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Tolu Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Shellsol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE) are commercially available, are also suitable. However, the addition of the solvents can also be carried out following the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention, for example for lowering the viscosity. In this case, alcohols, such as isobutanol can be used, since then the existing NCO groups are completely reacted with the isocyanate-reactive groups. Preferred solvents are acetone, butyl acetate, 2-butanone, 1-methoxypropyl-2-acetate, xylene, toluene, mixtures containing above all higher substituted aromatics, as described for example under the names Solvent Naphtha, Solvesso ® (Exxon Chemicals, Houston, USA), Cypar ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), cyclo Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Tolu Sol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE), Shellsol ® (Shell Chemicals, Eschborn, DE) in trade are.

Bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanate können auch Katalysatoren, Colöser und andere Hilfsmittel und Additive verwendet werden.In the preparation of the polyisocyanates according to the invention, it is also possible to use catalysts, cosolvents and other auxiliaries and additives.

Die erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate werden zur Herstellung von Bindemitteln für Lacke, Farben und andere Einbrennsysteme wie Klebstoffe und Elastomere verwendet und dienen hierbei als Vernetzer für Polyolkomponenten.The blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are used for the preparation of binders for coatings, paints and other stoving systems such as adhesives and elastomers and serve here as crosslinkers for polyol components.

Die erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate sind, wie oben beschrieben, selbstvernetzende Polymere und/oder können auch als Vernetzer für Polyolkomponenten verwendet werden. Als Polyolkomponenten, die auch als Gemische eingesetzt werden können, kommen Polyhydroxypolyester, Polyhydroxypolyether oder andere Hydroxylgruppen aufweisende Polymerisate, z.B. die an sich bekannten Polyhydroxypolyacrylate mit einer Hydroxylzahl von 20 bis 200, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 130, bezogen auf 100 %ige Produkte, oder Polyhydroxycarbonate oder Polyhydroxyurethane in Betracht.The blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are, as described above, self-crosslinking polymers and / or can also be used as crosslinkers for polyol components. As polyol components, which may also be used as mixtures, polyhydroxy-polyesters, polyhydroxy-polyethers or other hydroxyl-containing polymers, e.g. the known polyhydroxypolyacrylates having a hydroxyl number of 20 to 200, preferably from 50 to 130, based on 100% products, or polyhydroxycarbonates or polyhydroxyurethanes into consideration.

Beispiele geeigneter Polyesterpolyole sind insbesondere die in der Polyurethanchemie an sich bekannten Umsetzungsprodukte von mehrwertigen Alkoholen, beispielsweise von Alkanpolyolen der beispielhaft genannten Art mit überschüssigen Mengen Polycarbonsäuren bzw. Polycarbonsäureanhydriden, insbesondere Dicarbonsäuren bzw. Dicarbonsäureanhydriden. Geeignete Polycarbonsäuren bzw. Polycarbonsäureanhydride sind beispielsweise Adipinsäure, Phthalsäure, Isophthalsäure, Phthalsäureanhydrid, Tetrahydrophthalsäureanhydrid, Hexahydrophthalsäureanhydrid, Maleinsäure, Maleinsäureanhydrid, deren Diels-Alder-Addukte mit Cyclopentadien, Fumarsäure oder dimere bzw. trimere Fettsäuren. Bei der Herstellung der Polyesterpolyole können selbstverständlich beliebige Gemische der beispielhaft genannten mehrwertigen Alkohole oder beliebige Gemische der beispielhaft genannten Säuren bzw. Säureanhydride eingesetzt werden.Examples of suitable polyesterpolyols are, in particular, the reaction products of polyhydric alcohols known per se in polyurethane chemistry, for example of alkanepolyols of the type exemplified with excess amounts of polycarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic anhydrides, in particular dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acid anhydrides. Suitable polycarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides are, for example, adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, their Diels-Alder adducts with cyclopentadiene, fumaric acid or dimeric or trimeric fatty acids. In the preparation of the polyester polyols, of course, any mixtures of the exemplified polyhydric alcohols or any mixtures of the exemplified acids or acid anhydrides can be used.

Die Herstellung der Polyesterpolyole erfolgt nach bekannten Methoden, wie z.B. in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, Band XIV/2, G. Thieme-Verlag, 1963, Seiten 1 bis 47 beschrieben sind. Die gegebenenfalls erforderliche hydrophile Modifizierung dieser Polyhydroxylverbindungen erfolgt nach an sich bekannten Methoden, wie sie beispielsweise in EP-A 0 157 291 oder EP-A 0 427 028 beschrieben sind.The preparation of the polyester is carried out by known methods, such as in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume XIV / 2, G. Thieme-Verlag, 1963, pages 1 to 47 are described. The optionally required hydrophilic modification of these polyhydroxyl compounds is carried out according to methods known per se, as described, for example, in US Pat EP-A 0 157 291 or EP-A 0 427 028 are described.

Geeignete Polyetherpolyole sind die aus der Polyurethanchemie an sich bekannten Ethoxylierungs-und/oder Propoxylierungsprodukte geeigneter 2- bis 4-wertiger Startermoleküle wie z.B. Wasser, Ethylenglykol, Propandiol, Tri-methylolpropan, Glycerin und/oder Pentaerythrit.Suitable polyether polyols are the ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of suitable 2- to 4-valent starter molecules known per se from polyurethane chemistry, such as e.g. Water, ethylene glycol, propanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and / or pentaerythritol.

Bei den Polyhydroxylpolyacrylaten handelt es sich um an sich bekannte Mischpolymerisate von Styrol mit einfachen Estern der Acrylsäure und/oder Methacrylsäure, wobei zwecks Einführung der Hydroxylgruppen Hydroxyalkylester, wie beispielsweise die 2-Hydroxyethyl-, 2-Hydroxypropyl-, 2-,3- oder 4-Hydroxybutylester dieser Säuren mitverwendet werden.The polyhydroxyl polyacrylates are known per se copolymers of styrene with simple esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, wherein for the purpose of introduction the hydroxyl groups hydroxyalkyl esters, such as the 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-, 3- or 4-hydroxybutyl esters of these acids are used.

Es können auch wasserhaltige 1K-Polyurethanlacke hergestellt werden, indem die gegebenenfalls lösemittelhaltigen erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate zusammen mit einem hydrophil modifizierten hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymer in Wasser dispergiert werden.It is also possible to prepare hydrous 1K polyurethane coatings by dispersing the optionally solvent-containing blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention together with a hydrophilically modified polymer containing hydroxyl groups in water.

Die Herstellung der Lacke, Farben und anderer Formulierungen unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanate erfolgt nach an sich bekannten Methoden. Außer den Polyisocyanaten und Polyolen können den Formulierungen übliche Additive und andere Hilfsstoffe (z.B. Lösemittel, Pigmente, Füllstoffe, Verlaufsmittel, Entschäumer, Katalysatoren) in durch den Fachmann durch orientierende Versuche leicht zu ermittelnden Mengen zugesetzt werden.The preparation of the lacquers, paints and other formulations using the polyisocyanates according to the invention is carried out by methods known per se. In addition to the polyisocyanates and polyols, conventional additives and other excipients (e.g., solvents, pigments, fillers, leveling agents, defoamers, catalysts) can be added to the formulations in amounts readily determined by one skilled in the art by orienting experiments.

Es können ebenfalls weitere Verbindungen als zusätzliche Vernetzerkomponente eingesetzt werden, die mit Verbindungen reagieren können, die NCO-reaktive Gruppen aufweisen. Beispielsweise sind dies Aminoplastharze. Als Aminoplastharze sind die in der Lacktechnologie bekannten Kondensationsprodukte von Melamin und Formaldehyd, bzw. Harnstoff und Formaldehyd anzusehen. Geeignet sind alle herkömmlichen, nicht oder mit gesättigten Monoalkoholen mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen veretherten Melamin-Formaldehyd-Kondensate. Im Falle der Mitverwendung anderer Vernetzerkomponenten muss die Menge an Bindemittel mit NCO-reaktiven Hydroxylgruppen entsprechend angepasst werden.Other compounds which can react with compounds having NCO-reactive groups can also be used as additional crosslinker component. For example, these are aminoplast resins. Aminoplast resins are the condensation products of melamine and formaldehyde or urea and formaldehyde which are known in paint technology. Suitable are all conventional melamine-formaldehyde condensates which have not been etherified or are etherified with saturated monoalcohols having 1 to 4 C atoms. If other crosslinker components are used, the amount of binder with NCO-reactive hydroxyl groups must be adjusted accordingly.

Die erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate können zur Herstellung von Einbrennlacken, z.B. für die Industrielackierung und bei der Automobilerstlackierung verwendet werden. Hierzu können die erfindungsgemäßen Überzugsmittel durch Rakeln, Tauchen, Spritzauftrag wie Druckluft- oder Airless-Spritzen, sowie durch elektrostatischen Auftrag, beispielsweise Hochrotationsglockenauftrag, aufgetragen werden. Die Trockenfilm-Schichtdicke kann dabei beispielsweise bei 10 bis 120 µm liegen. Das Aushärten der getrockneten Filme erfolgt durch Einbrennen in Temperaturbereichen von 90 bis 160°C, bevorzugt 110 bis 140°C. Die erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate können zur Herstellung von Einbrennlacken für die kontinuierliche Bandbeschichtung eingesetzt werden, wobei maximale Einbrenntemperaturen, dem Fachmann als "Peak Temperaturen", falls es sich beim Substrat um Metall handelt als "Peak Metal Temperatur" bekannt, zwischen 130 und 300°C, bevorzugt 190 bis 260°C liegen und Trockenfilm-Schichtdicken von beispielsweise 3 bis 40 µm erreicht werden können.The blocked polyisocyanates of the invention may be used to prepare stoving enamels, e.g. used for industrial painting and automotive finishing. For this purpose, the coating compositions according to the invention by doctoring, dipping, spray application such as compressed air or airless spraying, and by electrostatic application, for example, high-rotation bell application, can be applied. The dry film layer thickness can be, for example, 10 to 120 microns. The curing of the dried films is carried out by baking in temperature ranges from 90 to 160 ° C, preferably 110 to 140 ° C. The blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention can be used for the production of baking coatings for continuous strip coating, wherein maximum baking temperatures, the skilled person as "peak temperatures", if the substrate is metal known as "peak metal temperature", between 130 and 300 ° C. , Preferably 190 to 260 ° C and dry film layer thicknesses, for example, 3 to 40 microns can be achieved.

Wie die nachfolgenden, die Erfindung nicht begrenzenden Beispiele belegen, wird die der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Aufgabe durch die erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanate und selbstvernetzenden Einbrennsysteme gelöst. Die erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanate weisen in Verbindung mit Polyolen niedrigere Vernetzungs- bzw. Einbrenntemperaturen auf als butanonoximblockierte Polyisocyanate, sind in organischen Lösungen kristallisationsstabil und lassen sich auf einfache Weise herstellen. Zudem sind organische Lösungen der erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanate deutlich weniger viskos als die herkömmlicher blockierter Polyisocyanate, was im Hinblick auf eine Verringerung des Lösemittelanteils in modernen Lacksystemen erwünscht ist.As the following examples, which do not limit the invention, prove that the object underlying the invention is solved by the polyisocyanates according to the invention and self-crosslinking baking systems. The polyisocyanates according to the invention have in combination lower crosslinking or baking temperatures with polyols than butanone oxime-blocked polyisocyanates are resistant to crystallization in organic solutions and can be prepared in a simple manner. In addition, organic solutions of the blocked polyisocyanates according to the invention are significantly less viscous than the conventional blocked polyisocyanates, which is desirable in view of a reduction of the solvent content in modern coating systems.

BeispieleExamples

Bei Prozentangaben handelt es sich um Gewichtsprozent, solange nichts anderes angegeben wird. Bei. Festkörpergehalt und BNCO-Gehalt handelt es sich um berechnete Größen, die folgendermaßen berechnet werden: Festk o rpergehalt in % = Gesamtgewicht - Gesamtgewicht der L o semittel dividiert durch Gesamt - gewicht multipliziert mit 100

Figure imgb0004
BNCO - Gehalt in % = val blockierter NCO - Gruppen multipliziert mit 42 dividiert durch Gesamtgewicht multipliziert mit 100
Figure imgb0005
Percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified. In. Solid content and BNCO content are calculated quantities, which are calculated as follows: solids O content in % = total weight - Total weight of the L O semittel divided by total - Weight multiplied by 100
Figure imgb0004
BNCO - Salary in % = val blocked NCO - Groups multiplied by 42 divided by total weight multiplied by 100
Figure imgb0005

Partikelgrößen wurden mit Laser-Korrelationsspektroskopie ermittelt.Particle sizes were determined by laser correlation spectroscopy.

Herkunft der Ausgangsstoffe:Origin of the starting materials: Polyisocyanat A1Polyisocyanate A1

Desmodur® N3300, Bayer AG, isocyanuratgruppenhaltiges Lackpolyisocyanat auf der Basis von 1,6-Diisocyanatohexan (HDI) mit einem NCO-Gehalt von 21,8 Gew.-%, einer Viskosität bei 23°C von ca. 3000 mPas und einer NCO-Funktionalität von ca. 3,5.Desmodur ® N3300, Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate groups based on 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI) with an NCO content of 21.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 3000 mPa.s and an NCO Functionality of approx. 3.5.

Polyisocyanat A2Polyisocyanate A2

Desmodur® Z4470BA, Bayer AG, isocyanuratgruppenhaltiges Lackpolyisocyanat auf der Basis von Isophorondiisocyanat (IPDI) enthaltend 30 Gew.-% Butylacetat mit einem NCO-Gehalt von 11,8 Gew.-%, einer Viskosität bei 23°C von ca. 700 mPas und einer NCO-Funktionalität von ca. 3,4.Desmodur ® Z4470BA, Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) containing 30 wt .-% of butyl acetate, having an NCO content of 11.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 700 mPas and an NCO functionality of about 3.4.

Polyisocyanat A3Polyisocyanate A3

Desmodur® Z4470MPA/X, Bayer AG, isocyanuratgruppenhaltiges Lackpolyisocyanat auf der Basis von Isophorondiisocyanat (IPDI) enthaltend 30 Gew.-% eines 1:1 Gemisches aus Xylol und Methoxypropylacetat mit einem NCO-Gehalt von 11,8 Gew.-%, einer Viskosität bei 23°C von ca. 700 mPas und einer NCO-Funktionalität von ca. 3,4.Desmodur ® Z4470MPA / X, Bayer AG, lacquer polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) containing 30 wt .-% of a 1: 1 mixture of xylene and methoxypropyl acetate, having an NCO content of 11.8 wt .-%, a viscosity at 23 ° C of about 700 mPas and an NCO functionality of about 3.4.

Blockierungsmittel B1Blocking agent B1

Zu 73,14 g tert-Butylamin gelöst in 160,0 g Methanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 86,09 g Methylacrylat zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 16 h bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Man destillierte das Lösungsmittel ab und erhielt 158,1 g eines Produktes der Formel

Figure imgb0006
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 73.14 g of tert-butylamine dissolved in 160.0 g of methanol were added with stirring at room temperature 86.09 g of methyl acrylate and the resulting clear solution for a further 16 h at room temperature touched. The solvent was distilled off to give 158.1 g of a product of the formula
Figure imgb0006
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Blockierungsmittel B2Blocking agent B2

Zu 95,09 g tert-Butylamin gelöst in 175,0 g Ethanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 100,1 g Methylmethacrylat zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 72 h bei 70°C gerührt. Man destilliert die leichtflüchtigen Bestandteile ab, filtrierte und erhielt als Filtrat 165,7 g eines Produktes der Formel

Figure imgb0007
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 95.09 g of tert-butylamine dissolved in 175.0 g of ethanol were added with stirring at room temperature, 100.1 g of methyl methacrylate and the resulting clear solution for a further 72 h at 70 ° C stirred. The volatiles are distilled off, filtered and the filtrate obtained 165.7 g of a product of the formula
Figure imgb0007
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Blockierungsmittel B3Blocking agent B3

Zu 73,14 g tert-Butylamin gelöst in 200,0 g Methanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 128,1 g tert-Butylacrylat zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 16 h bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Man destillierte das Lösungsmittel ab und erhielt 199,1 g eines Produktes der Formel

Figure imgb0008
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 73.14 g of tert-butylamine dissolved in 200.0 g of methanol were added with stirring at room temperature, 128.1 g of tert-butyl acrylate and the resulting clear solution for a further 16 h at room temperature. The solvent was distilled off to give 199.1 g of a product of the formula
Figure imgb0008
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Blockierungsmittel B4Blocking agent B4

Zu 99,18 g Cyclohexylamin gelöst in 185,0 g Methanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 86,09 g Methylacrylat zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 16 h bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Man destilliert das Lösungsmittel ab und erhielt 184,2 g eines Produktes der Formel

Figure imgb0009
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 99.18 g of cyclohexylamine dissolved in 185.0 g of methanol were added with stirring at room temperature 86.09 g of methyl acrylate and the resulting clear solution for a further 16 h at room temperature touched. The solvent is distilled off to give 184.2 g of a product of the formula
Figure imgb0009
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Blockierungsmittel B5Blocking agent B5

Zu 59,0 g Isopropylamin gelöst in 135,0 g Methanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 100,1 g Methylmethacrylat zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 12 h bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Man destillierte das Lösungsmittel ab und erhielt 158,2 g eines Produktes der Formel.

Figure imgb0010
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 59.0 g of isopropylamine dissolved in 135.0 g of methanol were added with stirring at room temperature, 100.1 g of methyl methacrylate and the resulting clear solution for a further 12 h at room temperature. The solvent was distilled off to give 158.2 g of a product of the formula.
Figure imgb0010
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Blockierungsmittel B6Blocking agent B6

Zu 73,14 g tert-Butylamin gelöst in 175,0 g Ethanol wurden unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur 100,1 g Crotonsäuremethylester zugegeben und die entstandene klare Lösung für weitere 72 h bei 70°C gerührt. Man destillierte das Lösungsmittel ab und erhielt 168,9 g eines Produktes der Formel

Figure imgb0011
in einer für die weitere Umsetzung zum blockierten Polyisocyanat ausreichenden Reinheit.To 73.14 g of tert-butylamine dissolved in 175.0 g of ethanol were added with stirring at room temperature, 100.1 g of crotonic acid methyl ester and the resulting clear solution for a further 72 h at 70 ° C stirred. The solvent was distilled off to give 168.9 g of a product of the formula
Figure imgb0011
in a purity sufficient for further reaction to the blocked polyisocyanate.

Beispiel 1example 1 (Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a Solvent-Containing Polyisocyanate Crosslinker According to the Invention)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 88,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 159,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B 1 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 440,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 80 % BNCO-Gehalt: 9,54 % Viskosität bei 23°C 3500 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 88.0 g of butyl acetate, 159.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B 1 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After stirring for 4 h at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. 440.0 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 80% BNCO content: 9.54% Viscosity at 23 ° C 3500 m Pas

Vergleichsbeispiel 1Comparative Example 1 (Herstellung eines 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol-blockierten blockierten Polyisocyanates)(Preparation of a 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked blocked polyisocyanate)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 72,2 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 96,0 g (1 val) 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol zugegeben. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 60°C an. Nach 2 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 360,9 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 80 % BNCO-Gehalt: 11,6% Viskosität bei 23°C 10000 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 72.2 g of butyl acetate was added 96.0 g (1 eq) of 3,5-dimethylpyrazole. The temperature rose in this case to about 60 ° C. After stirring for 2 h at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. This gave 360.9 g of a clear product with the following characteristics: Solids content: 80% BNCO content: 11.6% Viscosity at 23 ° C 10000 m Pas

Beispiel 2Example 2 (Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a Solvent-Containing Polyisocyanate Crosslinker According to the Invention)

Zu 356 g (1 val) Polyisocyanat A2 in 69,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 159,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B 1 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Man erhöhte die Temperatur auf ca. 60°C. Nach 6 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 584,3 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 70 % BNCO-Gehalt: 7,19 % Viskosität bei 23°C 10000 m Pas To 356 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A2 dissolved in 69.0 g of butyl acetate, 159.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B 1 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature was raised to about 60 ° C. After stirring for 6 h at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. 584.3 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 70% BNCO content: 7.19% Viscosity at 23 ° C 10000 m Pas

Vergleichsbeispiel 2Comparative Example 2 (Herstellung eines 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol-blockierten blockierten Polyisocyanates)(Preparation of a 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked blocked polyisocyanate)

Zu 356 g (1 val) Polyisocyanat A2 in 41,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 96,0 g (1 val) kristallines 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol zugegeben. Man erhöhte die Temperatur auf ca. 60°C. Nach 2 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 493 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 70% BNCO-Gehalt: 8,52 % Viskosität bei 23°C 70.000 m Pas To 356 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A2 dissolved in 41.0 g of butyl acetate was added 96.0 g (1 eq) of crystalline 3,5-dimethylpyrazole. The temperature was raised to about 60 ° C. After stirring for 2 h at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. 493 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 70% BNCO content: 8,52% Viscosity at 23 ° C 70,000 m pas

Beispiel 3Example 3 (Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen selbstvernetzende Einkomponenten-Einbrennsystems)(Production of a Self-Crosslinking One-Component Baking System According to the Invention)

Zu 391,6 g (1,1 val) Polyisocyanat A2 in 85 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 127,4 g (0,8 val) Blockierungsmittel B 1 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur wurden 935 g (1,1 val) Desmophen® T XP 2013, Bayer AG, ölfreier, hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Polyester, 75 %ig in Solventnaphtha 100 mit einem OH-Gehalt nach DIN 53 240/2 von 2,0 % zugegeben und weitere 4 h bei 70°C nachgerührt, worauf IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar waren. Man erhielt nach Verdünnen mit 300g Butylacetat 1839,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 60% Blockierte NCO-Gruppen: 0,8 val Freie Hydroxylgruppen 0,8 val Viskosität bei 23°C 750 m Pas 127.4 g (0.8 equivalent) of blocking agent B 1 were added dropwise within 10 minutes to 391.6 g (1.1 equivalents) of polyisocyanate A2 in 85 g of butyl acetate. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After 4 h stirring at this temperature 935 g (1.1 eq) Desmophen ® T XP 2013, Bayer AG, oil-free, hydroxyl-containing polyester, 75% in solvent naphtha 100 having an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 2, 0% was added and stirred for a further 4 h at 70 ° C, whereupon no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. After dilution with 300 g of butyl acetate, 1839.0 g of a clear product with the following characteristics were obtained: Solids content: 60% Blocked NCO groups: 0,8 val Free hydroxyl groups 0,8 val Viscosity at 23 ° C 750 m pas

Vergleichsbeispiel 3Comparative Example 3 (Herstellung eines selbstvernetzende Einkomponenten-Einbrennsystems mit Butanonoxim-Blockierung)(Preparation of a self-crosslinking one-component baking system with butanone oxime blocking)

Zu 391,6 g (1,1 val) Polyisocyanat A2 wurden 69,6 g (0,8 val) Butanoxim innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur wurden 935 g (1,1 val) Desmophen® T XP 2013, Bayer AG, ölfreier, hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Polyester, 75 %ig in Solventnaphtha 100 mit einem OH-Gehalt nach DIN 53 240/2 von 2,0 % zugegeben und weitere 4 h bei 70°C nachgerührt, worauf IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar waren. Man erhielt nach Verdünnen mit 345g Butylacetat 1741,2 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 60% Blockierte NCO-Gruppen: 0,8 val Freie Hydroxylgruppen 0,8 val Viskosität bei 23°C 900 m Pas To 391.6 g (1.1 eq) of polyisocyanate A2, 69.6 g (0.8 eq) of butane oxime were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After 4 h stirring at this temperature 935 g (1.1 eq) Desmophen ® T XP 2013, Bayer AG, oil-free, hydroxyl-containing polyester, 75% in solvent naphtha 100 having an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 2, 0% added and stirred for a further 4 h at 70 ° C, whereupon no IR spectroscopy free NCO groups were more detectable. After dilution with 345 g of butyl acetate, 1741.2 g of a clear product with the following characteristics were obtained: Solids content: 60% Blocked NCO groups: 0,8 val Free hydroxyl groups 0,8 val Viscosity at 23 ° C 900 m pas

Man erkennt, dass die mit dem Blockierungsmittel B 1 blockierten Polyisocyanate der Beispiele 1-3 eine niedrigere Viskosität aufweisen als die entsprechenden mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol bzw. Butanonoxim blockierten Polyisocyanate der Vergleichsbeispiele 1-3.It can be seen that the blocked with the blocking agent B 1 polyisocyanates of Examples 1-3 have a lower viscosity than the corresponding blocked with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole or butanone oxime polyisocyanates of Comparative Examples 1-3.

Beispiel 4Example 4 (Herstellung eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a solvent-containing polyisocyanate crosslinker)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 157,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 173,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B2 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren 1R-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 523,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 70 % BNCO-Gehalt: 8,03% Viskosität bei 23°C 2000 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 157.0 g of butyl acetate, 173.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B2 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After stirring at this temperature for 4 h, no free NCO groups were detectable by 1R spectroscopy. 523.0 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 70% BNCO content: 8.03% Viscosity at 23 ° C 2000 m pas

Beispiel 5Example 5 (Herstellung eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a solvent-containing polyisocyanate crosslinker)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 131,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 201,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B3 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 525,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 75 % BNCO-Gehalt: 8,00 % Viskosität bei 23°C 2500 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 131.0 g of butyl acetate, 201.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B3 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After stirring for 4 h at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. 525.0 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 75% BNCO content: 8.00% Viscosity at 23 ° C 2500 m Pas

Beispiel 6Example 6 (Herstellung eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a solvent-containing polyisocyanate crosslinker)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 126,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 185,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B4 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren 1R-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 504,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 75 % BNCO-Gehalt: 8,33 % Viskosität bei 23°C 3000 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 126.0 g of butyl acetate were added dropwise 185.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B4 within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After stirring at this temperature for 4 h, no free NCO groups were detectable by 1R spectroscopy. 504.0 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 75% BNCO content: 8.33% Viscosity at 23 ° C 3000 m Pas

Beispiel 7Example 7 (Herstellung eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers) .(Preparation of a solvent-containing polyisocyanate crosslinker).

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 145,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 145,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B5 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhält 482,9 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 70 % BNCO-Gehalt: 8,71 % Viskosität bei 23°C 2500 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 145.0 g of butyl acetate 145.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B5 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After 4 h of stirring at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. This gives 482.9 g of a clear product with the following characteristics: Solids content: 70% BNCO content: 8.71% Viscosity at 23 ° C 2500 m Pas

Beispiel 8Example 8 (Herstellung eines lösungsmittelhaltigen Polyisocyanat-Vernetzers)(Preparation of a solvent-containing polyisocyanate crosslinker)

Zu 192,7 g (1 Val) Polyisocyanat A1 in 157,0 g Butylacetat gelöst wurden 173,3 g (1 val) Blockierungsmittel B6 innerhalb von 10 min zugetropft. Die Temperatur stieg hierbei auf ca. 40°C an. Nach 4 h Rühren bei dieser Temperatur waren IR-spektroskopisch keine freien NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Man erhielt 523,0 g eines klaren Produktes mit folgenden Kenndaten: Festkörpergehalt: 70 % BNCO-Gehalt: 8,03% Viskosität bei 23°C 2000 m Pas To 192.7 g (1 eq) of polyisocyanate A1 dissolved in 157.0 g of butyl acetate, 173.3 g (1 eq) of blocking agent B6 were added dropwise within 10 min. The temperature rose in this case to about 40 ° C. After 4 h of stirring at this temperature, no free NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. 523.0 g of a clear product were obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 70% BNCO content: 8.03% Viscosity at 23 ° C 2000 m pas

Vergleichsbeispiel 4Comparative Example 4 (Lösemittelhaltige mit Diisopropylamin, bzw. 1,2,4-Triazol bzw. Malonsäurediethylester blockierte Polyisocyanate)(Solvent-containing polyisocyanates blocked with diisopropylamine, or 1,2,4-triazole or malonic acid diethyl ester)

192,7 g des Polyisocyanates A1 wurden mit 136 g Butylacetat verdünnt und unter Rühren und trockenem Stickstoff mit 101,0 g Diisopropylamin (1 val) versetzt, wobei eine leichte Exothermie beobachtet wurde. Es wurde nach vollständiger Zugabe auf 70°C erwärmt und nach 30 min Rühren bei dieser Temperatur wurde der Ansatz auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt. Anschließend waren im IR-Spektrum keine freien Isocyanat-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar. Es wurde ein klares, fast farbloses Produkt mit folgenden Kenndaten erhalten: Festkörpergehalt: 65 % BNCO-Gehalt: 9,30 % Viskosität bei 23°C 1900 m Pas 192.7 g of the polyisocyanate A1 were diluted with 136 g of butyl acetate and 101.0 g of diisopropylamine (1 eq) were added with stirring and dry nitrogen, with a slight exotherm being observed. It was heated to complete addition to 70 ° C and after stirring for 30 min at this temperature, the mixture was cooled to room temperature. Subsequently, no free isocyanate groups were detectable in the IR spectrum. A clear, almost colorless product was obtained with the following characteristics: Solids content: 65% BNCO content: 9.30% Viscosity at 23 ° C 1900 m pas

Nach 14 Tagen Lagerung bei Raumtemperatur setzte eine Verfestigung durch Kristallisation ein. Nach 18 Tagen Lagerung bei Raumtemperatur war eine feste, weiße undurchsichtige Masse entstanden. Die Produkte aus den Beispielen 1-8 zeigten auch nach 12 Wochen kein Zeichen einer Kristallisation oder Verfestigung. Ein analog hergestelltes, mit 1,2,4-Triazol blockiertes und auf Polyisocyanat A1 basierendes blockiertes Polyisocyanat kristallisiert schon bei der Herstellung. Ein analog hergestelltes, mit Malonsäurediethylester blockiertes und auf Polyisocyanate A1 basierendes blockiertes Polyisocyanat kristallisiert nach ca. 21 Tagen.After storage for 14 days at room temperature solidification by crystallization began. After 18 days of storage at room temperature, a solid, white, opaque mass was formed. The products of Examples 1-8 showed no sign of crystallization or solidification even after 12 weeks. An analogously prepared blocked with 1,2,4-triazole and based on polyisocyanate A1 blocked polyisocyanate already crystallized in the preparation. An analogously prepared, blocked with malonic acid diethyl ester and based on polyisocyanates A1 blocked polyisocyanate crystallized after about 21 days.

Beispiel und Vergleichsbeispiel 9Example and Comparative Example 9 (Herstellung einer Beschichtung aus dem selbstvernetzenden Einkomponenten-Einbrennsystem des Beispiels 3 und des Vergleichsbeispiels 1)(Preparation of coating of the self-crosslinking one-component baking system of Example 3 and Comparative Example 1)

Zu jeweils 142,9 g der Produkte aus Beispiel 3 und Vergleichsbeispiel 1 wurden jeweils 1,4 g Dibutylzinndilaurat (DBTL), 0,15 g Modaflow® (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Acrylcopolymer der Firma Solutia, 10 % in Methoxypropylacetat) und 0,15 g Baysilon® OL 17 (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Polyetherpolysiloxan, 10 % in Methoxypropylacetat, Bayer AG, Leverkusen,) gegeben und die Mischung jeweils innig verrührt. Mit einem Rakel wurde die beiden Mischungen auf jeweils drei Glasplatten appliziert und diese für 10 min abgelüftet. Nach 30 min Einbrennen im Umluftofen bei 100°C, 140°C bzw. 160°C wurden Beschichtungen mit einer Trockenfilmschichtdicke von 40 µm erhalten. Zur Prüfung der Vernetzung wurde die Lösungsmittelbeständigkeit der erhaltenen Filme bestimmt. Tabelle 1 Lösemittelbeständigkeiten System aus Beispiel 3
Einbrenntemperatur
100°C 140°C 160°C
(X/MPA/EA/Ac) [Note]1),2) 1 min. 3 4 4 5 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 5 min. 4 4 5 5 2 3 4 4 2 3 4 4
System aus Vergleichsbeispiel 1
Einbrenntemperatur
100°C 140°C 160°C
(X/MPA/EA/Ac) [Note]1),2) 1 min. 5 5 5 5 2 3 3 4 1 1 2 3 5 min. 5 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 2 3 4 4
1) 0 - gut; 5 - schlecht,
2) X=Xylol, MPA=Methoxypropylacetat, EA=Ethylacetat, Ac=Aceton
In each case 142.9 g of the products from Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were 1.4 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.15 g Modaflow ® (flow control agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.15 g Baysilon ® OL 17 (leveling agent, Polyetherpolysiloxan, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate, Bayer AG, Leverkusen,) and the mixture stirred in each case intimately. With a doctor blade, the two mixtures were applied to three glass plates and this was flashed off for 10 min. After baking for 30 minutes in a circulating air oven at 100 ° C., 140 ° C. or 160 ° C., coatings having a dry film thickness of 40 μm were obtained. To test the crosslinking, the solvent resistance of the resulting films was determined. <u> Table 1 Solvent Resistance </ u> System of Example 3
baking
100 ° C 140 ° C 160 ° C
(X / MPA / EA / Ac) [Note] 1), 2) 1 min. 3 4 4 5 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 5 min. 4 4 5 5 2 3 4 4 2 3 4 4
System of Comparative Example 1
baking
100 ° C 140 ° C 160 ° C
(X / MPA / EA / Ac) [Note] 1), 2) 1 min. 5 5 5 5 2 3 3 4 1 1 2 3 5 min. 5 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 2 3 4 4
1) 0 - good; 5 - bad,
2) X = xylene, MPA = methoxypropyl acetate, EA = ethyl acetate, Ac = acetone

Wie aus Tabelle 1 hervorgeht, wurde bei dem dem selbstvernetzenden Einkomponenten-Einbrenn-system des Beispiels 3 durch 30 min Einbrennen bei 140°C gleiche Lösungsmittelbeständigkeiten erreicht wie bei einem Einbrennen bei 160°C, während bei dem selbstvernetzenden Einkomponenten-Einbrennsystem des Vergleichsbeispiels 1 die endgültigen Beschichtungseigenschaften erst nach Einbrennen unter höheren Temperaturen erreicht werden.As shown in Table 1, in the self-crosslinking one-component baking system of Example 3, the same solvent resistance was obtained by baking at 140 ° C for 30 minutes as in baking at 160 ° C, while in the self-crosslinking one-component baking system of Comparative Example 1 final coating properties can only be achieved after baking at higher temperatures.

Beispiel und Vergleichsbeispiel 10 (Herstellung eines 1K-PUR-Klarlackes ausgehend von dem erfindungsgemäßen blockierten Polyisocyanat des Beispiels 1 und eines 1K-PUR-Klarlackes ausgehend von einem mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol blockierten Polyisocyanat) Example and Comparative Example 10 (Preparation of a 1-component PUR clearcoat starting from the blocked polyisocyanate of Example 1 according to the invention and a 1-component PUR clearcoat starting from a 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-blocked polyisocyanate)

Zu 44,0 g der Produktes aus Beispiel 1 und 57,5 g Desmophen® A 870 (OH-funktionelles Polyacrylatpolymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70 % in Butylacetat, mit einem OH-Gehalt nach DIN 53 240/2 von 3,0 %) wurden 0,75 g Dibutylzinndilaurat (DBTL), 0,08 g Modaflow® (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Acrylcopolymer der Firma Solutia, 10 % in Methoxypropylacetat) und 0,08 g Baysilon OL 17 (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Polyetherpolysiloxan der Firma Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 1 % in Methoxypropylacetat) gegeben und die Mischung innig verrührt. Mit einem Rakel wurde die Mischung auf zwei mit einem wässrigen weißen Basislack vorbeschichteten Aluminiumbleche appliziert und diese für 10 min abgelüftet. Nach 30 min Einbrennen im Umluftofen bei 120°C bzw. 140°C wurden Beschichtungen mit einer Trockenfilmschichtdicke von 40 µm erhalten. Eine Übersicht über die ermittelten lacktechnischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtungen enthält Tabelle 2. ® to 44.0 g of the product from Example 1 and 57.5 g Desmophen A 870 (OH-functional polyacrylate polymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70% in butyl acetate, with an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 3.0 %), 0.75 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.08 g Modaflow ® (leveling agents, acrylic copolymer from Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.08 g of Baysilon OL 17 (flow control agents, polyether polysiloxane manufactured by Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 1% in methoxypropyl acetate) and the mixture is stirred intimately. With a doctor blade, the mixture was applied to two pre-coated with an aqueous white basecoat aluminum sheets and these were flashed for 10 min. After baking for 30 minutes in a convection oven at 120 ° C. or 140 ° C., coatings having a dry film thickness of 40 μm were obtained. An overview of the determined coating properties of the coatings is given in Table 2.

Zu 40,0 g Desmodur® BL VP LS 2253 (Bayer AG, Dimethylpyrazol blockiertes Polyisocyanat auf Basis von Desmodur® N 3300, Bayer AG, 75 % in MPA/Solvent Naphta) und 57,5 g Desmophen® A 870 (OH-funktionelles Polyacrylatpolymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70 % in Butylacetat, mit einem OH-Gehalt nach DIN 53 240/2 von 3,0 %) wurden 0,7 g Dibutylzinndilaurat (DBTL), 0,07 g Modaflow® (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Acrylcopolymer der Firma Solutia, 10 % in Methoxypropylacetat) und 0,07 g Baysilon® OL 17 (Verlaufshilfsmittel, Polyetherpolysiloxan, 1 % in Methoxypropylacetat, Bayer AG, Leverkusen) gegeben und die Mischung innig verrührt. Mit einem Rakel wurde die Mischung auf ein mit einem wässrigen weißen Basislack vorbeschichteten Aluminiumblech appliziert und diese für 10 min abgelüftet. Nach 30 min Einbrennen im Umluftofen bei 140°C wurden eine Beschichtung mit einer Trockenfilmschichtdicke von 40 µm erhalten. Eine Übersicht über die ermittelten lacktechnischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtung enthält Tabelle 2. Tabelle 2: Vergleich von N-tert-Butyl-β-Alaninmethylester blockierten Polyisocyanaten mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol blockierten Polyisocyanaten: Bezeichnung Erfindungsgemäßes blockiertes aus Beispiel Polyisocyanat 1 VP LS 2253 PIC-Basis N 3300 N 3300 Blockierungsmittel N-tert-Butyl-β-Alaninmethylester 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol Polyol A 870 A 870 Katalysator 1,0 % DBTL 1,0 % DBTL Visuelle Beurteilung des Lackes klar klar Einbrennbedingungen 30' 120°C 30' 140°C 30' 140°C Visuelle Beurteilung des Lackfilmes Klar Klar klar Pendeldämpfung n. König [Schwingungen] [s] 183 191 197 Lösemittelbeständigkeit (X/MPA/EA/Ac) [Note]1) 1 min. 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 5 min. 2 2 4 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 4 4 Chemikalienbeständigkeit[°C] (Grädientenofen) Baumharz 36 36 36 Bremsflüssigkeit 36 36 36 Pankreatin, 50 % 36 36 36 NaOH, 1 % 40 43 44 H2SO4, 1 % 44 45 45 FAM, 10 min. [Note]1) 1 1 2 Kratzfestigkeit (Amtec Kistler-Laborwaschanlage)2) Ausgangsglanz [20°] 91,5 91,3 91,1 Glanzverlust (ΔG1.) nach 10 29,5 28,1 32,8 Waschzyklen [20°] 67,8 69,2 64,0 Relativer Restglanz [%] Thermovergilbung Klarlack auf wässrigem-Basislack Ausgangsvergilbung [b] 1,5 1,8 0,8 Überbrennvergilbung bei 30' 140°C [Δb] 1,5 2,1 1,0 Überbrennvergilbung bei 30' 160°C [Δb] 0,0 0,3 0,2 1) 0 - gut; 5 - schlecht To 40.0 g of Desmodur BL ® VP LS 2253 (Bayer AG, dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanate based on Desmodur ® N 3300, Bayer AG, 75% in MPA / solvent naphtha) and 57.5 g of Desmophen ® A 870 (OH-functional polyacrylate polymer, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, 70% in butyl acetate, with an OH content according to DIN 53 240/2 of 3.0%) was added 0.7 g dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 0.07 g Modaflow ® (leveling agents, acrylic copolymer of optionally Solutia, 10% in methoxypropyl acetate) and 0.07 g Baysilon ® OL 17 (flow control agents, polyether polysiloxane, 1% in methoxypropyl acetate, Bayer AG, Leverkusen) and the mixture was intimately stirred. With a doctor blade, the mixture was applied to an aluminum sheet precoated with an aqueous white basecoat and this was flashed off for 10 min. After baking for 30 minutes in a circulating air oven at 140 ° C., a coating having a dry film thickness of 40 μm was obtained. An overview of the determined coating properties of the coating is given in Table 2. <b><u> Table 2 </ b>: Comparison of N-tert-butyl-β-alanine methyl ester blocked polyisocyanates with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole blocked polyisocyanates: description Inventive blocked from example Polyisocyanate 1 VP LS 2253 PIC-based N 3300 N 3300 blocking agents N-tert-butyl-β-alanine methyl ester 3,5-dimethylpyrazole polyol A 870 A 870 catalyst 1.0% DBTL 1.0% DBTL Visual assessment of the paint clear clear baking 30 '120 ° C 30 '140 ° C 30 '140 ° C Visual assessment of the paint film Clear Clear clear Pendulum damping n. King [oscillations] [s] 183 191 197 Solvent Resistance (X / MPA / EA / Ac) [Grade] 1) 1 min. 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 5 min. 2 2 4 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 4 4 Chemical Resistance [° C] (Grädientenofen) tree resin 36 36 36 brake fluid 36 36 36 Pancreatin, 50% 36 36 36 NaOH, 1% 40 43 44 H 2 SO 4 , 1% 44 45 45 FAM, 10 min. [Grade] 1) 1 1 2 scratch resistance (Amtec Kistler laboratory washer) 2) Initial gloss [20 °] 91.5 91.3 91.1 Loss of gloss (ΔG1.) After 10 29.5 28.1 32.8 Wash cycles [20 °] 67.8 69.2 64.0 Relative residual gloss [%] Thermal yellowing clearcoat on aqueous basecoat Initial yellowing [b] 1.5 1.8 0.8 Overburn yellowing at 30 '140 ° C [Δb] 1.5 2.1 1.0 Overburn yellowing at 30 '160 ° C [Δb] 0.0 0.3 0.2 1) 0 - good; 5 - bad

Es wird deutlich, dass das auf dem erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanat basierende Lacksystem schon bei 120°C Einbrenntemperatur vergleichbare Eigenschaften besitzt wie das bei 140°C eingebrannte Lacksystem auf Basis des mit 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol-blockierten Polyisocyanats. Bei 140°C werden mit den erfindungsgemäßen Lacken Beschichtungen mit sehr guten Lösemittel- Kratz-, und Chemikalienbeständigkeiten und geringer Vergilbungsneigung erhalten.It becomes clear that the coating system based on the polyisocyanate according to the invention has comparable properties even at a baking temperature of 120 ° C. to the coating system baked at 140 ° C. and based on the 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-blocked polyisocyanate. At 140 ° C coatings are obtained with very good solvent scratch, and chemical resistance and low yellowing tendency with the paints of the invention.

Beispiel 11Example 11 (Herstellung eines wässrigen 1K-PUR-Klarlackes ausgehend von dem blockierten Polyisocyanat des Beispiels 1)(Preparation of an Aqueous 1K PUR Clearcoat Starting from the Blocked Polyisocyanate of Example 1)

Zu 95,41 g (0,86 val) Isophorondiisocyanat wurde innerhalb von 5 min unter Rühren bei 50°C eine Lösung aus 28,77 g (0,43- val OH) Dimethylpropionsäure in 57,54 g N-Methylpyrrolidon zugetropft. Nach weiteren 150 min Rühren bei 80°C wurde ein NCO-Gehalt von 9,19 Gew.-% erreicht. Nach Zugabe von 28,08 g (0,08 val) Polyisocyanat A3 und 446,72 g (1,404 val OH) eines auf Adipinsäure, Isophthalsäure, Trimethylolpropan, Neopentyl- und Propylenglykol aufgebauten Polyesters wurde das Reaktionsgemisch weitere 180 min bei 80°C gerührt, wonach IR-spektroskopisch keine NCO-Gruppen mehr nachweisbar waren. Anschließend wurden bei 70°C 198,02 g des erfindungsgemäßen Polyisocyanates aus Beispiel 1 zugegeben und weitere 10 min nachgerührt. Anschließend wurden 19,12 g (0,215 mol) Dimethylethanolamin zugegeben und weitere 10 min nachgerührt. Dann wurde unter starkem Rühren 833,23 g 70°C warmes entionisiertes Wasser zugegeben, 90 min nachgerührt und unter Rühren abkühlen gelassen. Die erhaltene Dispersion besaß folgende Eigenschaften: Festkörpergehalt: 45% pH-Wert: 8,08 Viskosität bei 23°C: 3400 m Pas Partikelgröße: 59 nm To 95.41 g (0.86 equivalent) of isophorone diisocyanate, a solution of 28.77 g (0.43 equivalent of OH) of dimethylpropionic acid in 57.54 g of N-methylpyrrolidone was added dropwise within 5 min with stirring at 50 ° C. After stirring for a further 150 minutes at 80 ° C., an NCO content of 9.19% by weight was achieved. After addition of 28.08 g (0.08 eq) of polyisocyanate A3 and 446.72 g (1.404 eq. OH) of a polyester based on adipic acid, isophthalic acid, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl and propylene glycol, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for a further 180 min , according to which no more NCO groups were detectable by IR spectroscopy. Subsequently, 198.02 g of the polyisocyanate of Example 1 according to the invention from Example 1 were added at 70 ° C. and the mixture was stirred for a further 10 min. Subsequently, 19.12 g (0.215 mol) of dimethylethanolamine were added and the mixture was stirred for a further 10 min. Then 833.23 g of deionized 70 ° C warm water was added with vigorous stirring, stirred for 90 min and allowed to cool with stirring. The dispersion obtained had the following properties: Solids content: 45% PH value: 8.08 Viscosity at 23 ° C: 3400 m pas Particle size: 59 nm

Claims (14)

  1. Blocked polyisocyanates of the Formula (I)
    Figure imgb0015
    in which independently of one another
    R1-R4 may be the same or different, and denote hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or cycloalkyl,
    R5 denotes C1-C10-alkyl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl,
    y denotes a number from 2 to 8,
    A denotes the radical of an isocyanate heaving the functionality y,
    B represents
    Figure imgb0016
    where independently of one another R6-R8 may be the same or different, and denote C1-C6-alkyl and/or C3-C6-cycloalkyl and
    R9 denotes hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl.
  2. Blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1, characterized in that R5 represents an amyl, isopropyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl radical.
  3. Blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1, characterized in that R1 represents a methyl radical and R2, R3 and R4 represent a hydrogen atom.
  4. Blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1, characterized in that R3 represents a methyl radical and R1, R2 and R4 represent a hydrogen atom.
  5. Blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1, characterized in that R1, R7, R3 and R4 represent a hydrogen atom.
  6. Blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1, characterized in that both blocked polyisocyanate groups and free hydroxy groups are present in one molecule.
  7. Process for the preparation of the blocked polyisocyanates of the formula (I) according to Claim 1, characterized in that polyisocyanates of the general formula (II)

            A-[-N=C=O]y     (II),

    in which A and y have the meaning given for formula (I) in Claim 1,
    are reacted with secondary amines of the general formula (III)
    Figure imgb0017
    in which R1-R5 and B have the meaning given for formula (I) in Claim 1.
  8. Process according to Claim 7, characterized in that the blocking agents (III) immediately after their preparation, in the solvent used for their preparation and without further purification, are reacted with the polyisocyanates of the general formula (II),
  9. Use of the blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1 as crosslinkers for polyol components in one-component polyurethane stoving systems.
  10. Use of the blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1 for producing elastomers.
  11. Varnishes, paints and adhesives comprising blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1.
  12. Aqueous dispersions comprising blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1.
  13. Solutions of blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1 in organic solvents.
  14. Process for coating substrates, characterized in that coating formulations comprising blocked polyisocyanates according to Claim 1 are applied to a substrate and the coating is subsequently stoved at temperatures of 90 to 160°C and peak temperatures of 130 to 300°C.
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KR100896820B1 (en) * 2007-04-17 2009-05-11 노아화학 주식회사 Polyureathane adhesive resin for flexible packaging and process for preparing thereof
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