EP1595071A1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung - Google Patents
KraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1595071A1 EP1595071A1 EP04712043A EP04712043A EP1595071A1 EP 1595071 A1 EP1595071 A1 EP 1595071A1 EP 04712043 A EP04712043 A EP 04712043A EP 04712043 A EP04712043 A EP 04712043A EP 1595071 A1 EP1595071 A1 EP 1595071A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- control
- injection
- fuel
- line
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/04—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure using fluid, other than fuel, for injection-valve actuation
- F02M47/043—Fluid pressure acting on injection-valve in the period of non-injection to keep it closed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
- F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection device with a fuel pump designed as a reciprocating piston pump, which delivers fuel to an injector for injection into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- a cross section of the nozzle needle is acted upon by the fuel supplied by the fuel pump, which causes an opening force on the nozzle needle in the opening direction.
- the fuel pressure rises until a maximum pressure is reached and then drops again.
- injection often takes place in low pressure ranges in the pressure rise and in the pressure drop, which do not allow optimal atomization of the injected fuel.
- a fuel injection system with an injection valve is known from US Pat. No. 4,403,585, in which the opening pressure of the injection valve can be set as a function of various engine parameters, such as, for example, the engine speed, coolant temperature or the control rod position.
- the optimal opening pressures are stored in a memory.
- the nozzle needle locking force is varied by hydraulic action on a piston acting on the valve closing spring.
- fuel injection valves have a difference between the opening and closing pressure as a result of the different loading cross sections for the fuel in the closed and open state.
- the ring cross section lying outside the nozzle needle seat is decisive for the opening process, but the entire cross section of the nozzle needle is decisive for the closing process, which is the reason why the closing pressure is always below the opening pressure.
- This effect is undesirable for the combustion process, since the fuel in the injection area is atomized more and more poorly after the peak pressure is reached as the pressure drops. Therefore, the closing pressure is raised above the value determined by the needle geometry in that an additional closing force is applied to the nozzle needle after the start of injection.
- a valve is used for this purpose, which connects a control chamber to the injection line via a throttle. In the control room, a piston acting on the nozzle needle is pressurized. After the nozzle needle is closed, the pressure in the control room is reduced via a throttle point that is connected to a fuel leakage line.
- the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the problem of improving a conventional fuel injection device in such a way that the injection process is optimized over the entire range.
- the locking forces are generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure from one or more pressure sources, the pressure acting directly on the back of the nozzle needle, on a piston that presses on the back of the nozzle needle, or on a piston that changes the spring preload combinations of these piston arrangements are also suitable. It is also possible to act on the nozzle needle closing forces by means of magnetic forces.
- FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the injection rate profiles for a system of a conventional type and a system optimized according to the invention
- FIG 2 shows an injection system with two injectors according to the invention in variable in the opening and closing pressure, each of which is assigned a fuel pump;
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show two exemplary embodiments for injectors in which the force acting on the nozzle needle in the closing direction is increased automatically in order to achieve a higher closing pressure than is possible due to the nozzle needle geometry after the nozzle needle has carried out the opening stroke;
- FIGS. 4a to 4f show exemplary embodiments controlled by a control valve, the control pressure taken from a common control line acting successively on two different pistons to achieve the opening and closing pressure.
- FIGS. 5a to 5c show designs controlled by a control valve, the control pressure being taken from two separate control lines to act on one or two control rooms;
- FIGS. 6a to 6c show designs in which the pressure present in the injection line is used to control the closing pressure.
- the invention serves to improve the injection of conventional systems in which a reciprocating pump delivers the fuel to the injectors.
- the fuel pressure acting on the nozzle needle in the opening direction fluctuates according to the delivery characteristics of the fuel pump during the injection.
- Such systems are also referred to in the literature as pressure-controlled systems.
- the aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the injection in the entire injection range by reducing the injection quantities with a low atomization pressure at the beginning and at the end of the injection. This is achieved in that the forces acting on the nozzle needle in the closing direction prior to an injection and can be variably adjusted independently of one another after the start of injection. In some systems, if two control lines that can be controlled independently of each other in pressure are used, the variability is further increased.
- control pressure can be generated either actively by a pump or passively by using the valve leakage. In some of the configurations set out below, fuel pressure is used for control.
- the invention can also be used to represent a pre-injection or post-injection by means of appropriate control.
- FIG. 1 shows the injection rate curve of an injection system without influencing the opening and closing pressure (dashed curve) and with influencing the opening and closing pressure (solid curve). It can be seen that the invention allows steeper opening and closing flanks with increased peak pressure to be achieved with the optimized system, similar to a course as is achieved with pressure accumulator injection systems.
- the steeper closing flank is achieved, in particular, in that the pressure drop of the fuel to be injected does not fall below a predetermined pressure level by a corresponding increase in the closing force during the injection.
- FIG. 2 Such an injection system with two injectors is shown in FIG. 2, each of which is assigned a fuel pump 1.
- the pump piston 3 of the fuel pump 1 is driven by a cam 2.
- the pressure in the injection line 4, which is connected to the feed line 6 of the injector 5, increases to a maximum value due to the characteristics of the fuel pump 1, and then drops again.
- the fuel is therefore only delivered to the injector during the injection phase.
- the injection is controlled by supplying the nozzle chamber 11 with the fuel pressure that is at a Collar on the nozzle needle 12 acts.
- the injectors 5 have control spaces 13, 14 to which the control pressure of control lines 9 can be applied in order to vary both the opening pressure and the closing pressure. Opening pressure is understood to mean the pressure in the injection line 4 at which the nozzle needle 12 opens.
- the closing pressure is understood to be the pressure in the injection line 4 at which the nozzle needle 12 closes.
- a common control line 9 can be provided, which is connected to all injectors. The corresponding design options are shown in the following
- the injectors 5 in the designs according to FIGS. 3a and 3b have a first control chamber 13 and a second control chamber 14.
- the control spring 13 also houses the closing spring 15, which exerts a force in the closing direction on the nozzle needle 12 applies.
- the control chambers 13 and 14 can be subjected to the pressure of a control medium in order to apply additional forces to the nozzle needle 12 in the closing direction via the pistons 16, 17 assigned to the control chambers 13, 14.
- both control rooms 13, 14 are connected to control lines 7, 8, which branch off from a common control line 9.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 3b differs from the embodiment according to FIG.
- the piston 16 serves as a hold-down piston, by means of which the opening pressure is determined by pressurization. As indicated, the piston 16 is guided in a sealing manner. A sealing guide of the piston 16 can be omitted. In this case, the nozzle del serve with their back itself as a piston 16, provided that sufficient cross sections are provided between the spring stilts and their leadership. The same applies to the figures described below.
- the piston 17 serves as a closing piston, by means of which the closing pressure is determined by pressurization.
- Both pistons 16, 17 act on stilts on the nozzle needle 12 in the closing direction.
- the appropriate control pressure is applied to the first control chamber 13 before the start of an injection.
- the second control chamber 14 is subjected to control pressure after the nozzle needle 12 has carried out a stroke. This takes place automatically with the aid of the valve 18, in that the valve 18 is pressed open by the valve needle stroke of a valve rod 19 coupled to the closing piston 17, so that the control pressure is present in the second control chamber 14.
- the same automatic connection also takes place in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3b, wherein, as mentioned, there is only the difference that there are two separate control lines 7, 8 which allow a completely independent control of the opening and closing pressure.
- the second control chamber 14 is connected to a relief line 21 via a throttle 20. The pressure in the second control chamber 14 decreases via the relief line 21 when the injection has ended. This again takes place automatically since the valve 18 is automatically closed by the nozzle needle 12.
- injectors 5 are combined, in which either a 2/2 control valve 23 or a 3/2 control valve 24 controls a common control line 9 for opening and closing pressure.
- Control lines 7 and 8 each branch from the common control line 9 to first (13) and second (14) control spaces. s in order to influence the opening and closing behavior of the injector by pressurizing the associated pistons 16 and 17.
- a 2/2 control valve in combination with a throttle 20 arranged in a relief line 21 is used for control.
- the throttle 20 relieves the pressure on the second control chamber 14, which regulates the closing pressure.
- the first control chamber 13 remains pressurized with the control pressure, which of course is suitably adjusted before the next injection in order to achieve an intended opening pressure.
- a control device is provided to adjust the pressure, but is not shown in detail. At the beginning of the next injection, only the first control chamber 13 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control line 9 or 7, 8.
- control takes place directly via a 3/2-way control valve 24, which also controls the relief.
- the spring chamber is not used for pressurizing, rather two separate control pistons 16 and 17 are provided, the control chambers 13, 14 of which are connected to the control line 9 via a 3/2-way control valve 24.
- FIGS. 5a to 5c show possible embodiments using two separate control lines 7, 8 for nozzle opening and nozzle closing pressure, which are switched by a 3/2 control valve.
- FIGS. 5a and 5b each use a single control chamber 51 with an associated piston 52, which in each case one after the other, namely before the start of an injection with the one in (7) and after the start and before the end of the injection with the pressure in the second (8) control line is acted upon via a line 50.
- the pressure in the second control line is higher than the pressure in the first control line. After the nozzle needle 12 has closed, the control chamber is relieved to the lower pressure of the control line 7.
- two pistons 16, 17, which are coupled to one another, are used with associated control chambers 13, 14, which can be acted upon independently of one another with control pressure from the control lines 7, 8.
- the control line 7 for the opening pressure remains permanently connected to the corresponding control chamber 13, and only the control line 8 for the closing pressure has to be controlled by a 3/2-way valve which connects the control chamber 14 to a relief line 21 after the end of the injection.
- the fuel pressure present in the injection line 4 is used to control the closing pressure.
- a control chamber 51 with an associated piston 52 is used to control the opening and closing pressure, which is acted upon successively by the pressure in the control line 7 and the pressure in the injection line 4.
- the 2/2 control valve 23 connects the control line 8 with the injection line 4 when the pressure in the injection line falls below a predetermined level.
- the piston 52 is designed such that when the fuel pressure is applied, the nozzle needle closes immediately.
- control valve 31 is acted on two opposing surfaces on the one hand with the pressure in a line 32, which is connected to the control line 7 via a check valve 33 with throttle bypass, and on the other hand with the pressure prevailing in the injection line 4 queued in line 30. Due to the area ratio, the control valve 31 blocks a control line 8 for the closing pressure during an injection with sufficient fuel pressure. Only when there is a sufficient drop in the injection pressure towards the end of injection is the control valve 31 shifted into a position in which a passage is opened, so that the control chamber is acted upon by the control pressure from the control line 8 becomes. When the control pressure is applied to the piston 17, the nozzle needle 12 is immediately moved into the closed position.
- the injector according to FIG. 6c works in a similar way. Only the design of the control valve 31 is different. As long as a high injection pressure is applied to the valve piston, the control line 8 leading to the piston 17 remains closed. Only when there is a pressure drop in the injection line 4 is the control line 8 released for the closing pressure by the control valve 31.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10307397 | 2003-02-20 | ||
DE10307397 | 2003-02-20 | ||
DE10318946A DE10318946A1 (de) | 2003-02-20 | 2003-04-26 | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung |
DE10318946 | 2003-04-26 | ||
PCT/EP2004/001508 WO2004074671A1 (de) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-02-18 | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1595071A1 true EP1595071A1 (de) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=32909534
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04712043A Withdrawn EP1595071A1 (de) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-02-18 | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1595071A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004074671A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005020012A1 (de) | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-09 | L'orange Gmbh | Kraftstoff-Einspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2500644C2 (de) * | 1975-01-09 | 1988-07-07 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
JPS57102527A (en) | 1980-12-15 | 1982-06-25 | Diesel Kiki Co Ltd | Fuel injection nozzle unit |
DE3119050A1 (de) * | 1981-05-05 | 1982-11-18 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, 8401 Winterthur | "brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit elektromagnetisch betaetigtem umschaltventil" |
DE4115477C2 (de) * | 1990-05-17 | 2003-02-06 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Einspritzdüse für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
CH689281A5 (de) * | 1994-02-03 | 1999-01-29 | Christian Dipl-Ing Eth Mathis | Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage fuer eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere fuer einen Dieselmotor, sowie ein Verfahren zur Ueberwachung derselben. |
US6471142B1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2002-10-29 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
-
2004
- 2004-02-18 WO PCT/EP2004/001508 patent/WO2004074671A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-02-18 EP EP04712043A patent/EP1595071A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004074671A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2004074671A1 (de) | 2004-09-02 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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Effective date: 20050728 |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WALTER, NORBERT Inventor name: SCHROEDLEN, GUENTHER Inventor name: SCHEIBE, WOLFGANG Inventor name: RESSEL, HORST Inventor name: KOCH, HANS-JOACHIM |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100224 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110901 |