EP1585894B1 - Method for protecting a spark ignition engine catalyst in case of combustion misfiring - Google Patents

Method for protecting a spark ignition engine catalyst in case of combustion misfiring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1585894B1
EP1585894B1 EP03778423A EP03778423A EP1585894B1 EP 1585894 B1 EP1585894 B1 EP 1585894B1 EP 03778423 A EP03778423 A EP 03778423A EP 03778423 A EP03778423 A EP 03778423A EP 1585894 B1 EP1585894 B1 EP 1585894B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
cylinder
cylinders
detected
defective
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EP03778423A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1585894A1 (en
Inventor
Jérôme CHANDONNAY
Antoine Pineau
Louis Renou
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/1015—Engines misfires
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/08—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for idling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/222—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of sensors or parameter detection devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to spark ignition engines, and more particularly to the preservation of catalysts associated with them in case of misfires.
  • Antipollution standards (European, US and other countries) require the monitoring of systems that have an impact on the pollutant emissions of vehicles by so-called OBD devices ("On-Board Diagnostics").
  • OBD devices On-Board Diagnostics
  • the combustion is the subject of a special treatment, since the standards require the detection of misfires (problem on ignition, injection, or mechanical components).
  • misfires problem on ignition, injection, or mechanical components.
  • the catalyst system is jeopardized. Indeed, the unburned mixture released into the exhaust line will produce an exothermic reaction in the catalyst which will then be abnormally heated and may be damaged. It is possible to reach temperatures above 1300 ° C.
  • the standard therefore requires early warning the driver to change the operating point of the engine to reduce the risk of catalyst degradation.
  • the temperature rise of the catalyst is extremely fast, and it is possible that the catalyst has already suffered degradation before the driver realizes that his engine is a victim of a failure.
  • the strategy of cutting the injection following the detection of misfires on one or more cylinders is a strategy coupled with a strategy for detecting misfires. to identify at each top dead center the presence or absence of a misfire.
  • this phasing is done by a software strategy.
  • this strategy is distorted by the presence of misfires, which may lead to a poor phasing of the injection: the injector should open during the exhaust phase on each of the cylinders so that the fuel is available in the intake manifold when opening the inlet valve.
  • a bad phasing it opens a motor turn too early. This does not prevent the engine from running, but its performance may be degraded.
  • the injection cutoff can not be performed on an application whose injection phasing is done in software, without ensuring the correctness of the phasing.
  • the state of the art shows some methods to cut the injection on cylinders detected as defective, but none can control the phasing of the injection in the case of motors without sensors that can perform phasing control , or in case of failure of such a sensor.
  • the document US 5,577,475 describes a method of synchronization of the phasing of the injection in an internal combustion engine.
  • the synchronization In the case where the synchronization is not correct, it causes voluntary misfires in one of the cylinders of the engine. If the cylinder on which the misfires are supposed to intervene does not produce it, the phasing of the injection is diagnosed as not being correct and the phasing of the injection is modified.
  • the invention aims to remedy this deficiency.
  • the invention therefore proposes a method for preserving the catalyst of a spark ignition engine, in the event of misfires.
  • the method comprises a phase of detection of misfires on the paired cylinders of the engine, and a degraded mode in which, in the presence of a cylinder detected in default and its paired cylinder detected as not being in default and in the absence of an external control information of the engine phasing (this absence resulting from a lack of sensor or a faulty sensor), it performs a control of the phasing of the injection of to determine which of these two cylinders is really in default.
  • the injection is restored to the cylinder initially detected in default, the motor is rephased, and the injection is cut on the paired cylinder which is actually in default.
  • an injection of injection is carried out on cylinders for which an injection cut has been carried out, under stable conditions of the engine.
  • this phase provides at each top dead center the presence or absence of a misfire, and the state of diagnosis or not of this detection strategy.
  • the method according to the invention comprises a degraded mode, more particularly illustrated on the figure 2 .
  • the strategy (step 20) then checks the cylinders detected in default (cylinders whose misfires rates exceed a calibrated threshold).
  • the injection is cut on the cylinders in default.
  • the injected and unburned gasoline is responsible for the rise in temperature in the catalyst, the injection cutoff thus reduces the risk of destruction of the catalyst. Since the cylinders detected failing produce no torque, the injection cutoff does not create a safety risk for the driver. For more precaution, limit the number of cylinders cut to 2.
  • step 21 if a cylinder is detected in default but its paired cylinder is free (step 21), the phasing control can be performed (step 24).
  • step 23 When the injection is cut off on the cylinder (s) in default (step 23), it is counted, at each ignition on the cylinder which is paired with it, and during a determined measuring horizon, the number of combustion misfires. detected on it.
  • the cylinder detected in default is the cylinder paired with the one actually detected as faulty.
  • the injection is re-established during the rephasing process (step 25) in order to preserve the residual performance of the vehicle, and the motor is rephased (step 26) (progressive shifting of the injection until the good temporal phasing of the injection).
  • the injection on the cylinder in default can then be cut off when the rephasing is completed (step 27).
  • step 28 If two cylinders of the same pair are detected failing, the injection is performed on both cylinders (step 28), phasing control is then not possible. The injection is then cut on the pair of cylinders in default since the problem of phasing does not arise. It becomes impossible to cut a third cylinder, even if a fault is detected on another cylinder, and this to ensure the safety of the vehicle.
  • the degraded mode is set in standby as mentioned above.
  • the degraded mode causes a misfire defect, it is not possible to make the fault disappear when the injection cut has been performed.
  • it is necessary to return to normal operating conditions that is to say by injecting on all the cylinders
  • the injection is put back on the cylinders in defect, to check if the fault is still present, in which case the injection is cut again on the cylinder (s) in default.
  • the degraded mode is stopped until a new appearance of the fault.
  • the degraded mode is not activated under the conditions allowing the delivery of injection for the confirmation of the defect: this makes it possible to avoid putting back of the injection on the cylinders that have just been cut.
  • a fault is noted at idle, the injection is not cut, since this operating mode allows the output of the degraded mode for a fault control;
  • the degraded mode is definitively confirmed until engine shutdown. Indeed, after a certain number of attempts, it can be considered that the defect is not a temporary defect. In this case, it should persist until the vehicle stops.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method comprising a phase which consists in detecting combustion misfiring on the engine paired cylinders, and a downgraded mode whereby, upon detection (20) of a failed cylinder while its paired cylinder is not failed and in the absence of an external control information the engine phasing, the injection phasing is controlled (24) so as to determine which of the two cylinders is actually defective.

Description

L'invention concerne les moteurs à allumage commandé, et plus particulièrement la préservation des catalyseurs qui leur sont associés en cas de ratés de combustion.The invention relates to spark ignition engines, and more particularly to the preservation of catalysts associated with them in case of misfires.

Les normes antipollution (européennes, américaines et d'autres pays) imposent la surveillance des systèmes ayant un impact sur les émissions polluantes des véhicules par des dispositifs dits OBD ("On-Board Diagnostic"). Parmi les systèmes devant être surveillés, la combustion fait l'objet d'un traitement spécial, puisque les normes imposent la détection des ratés de combustion (problème sur l'allumage, l'injection, ou des composants mécaniques). Lorsque de tels ratés apparaissent à des taux importants, le système catalytique est mis en péril. En effet, le mélange non brûlé rejeté dans la ligne d'échappement va produire une réaction exothermique dans le catalyseur qui sera alors anormalement échauffé et risque d'être endommagé. Il est possible d'atteindre des températures supérieures à 1300°C. La norme impose donc de prévenir rapidement le conducteur afin qu'il change le point de fonctionnement du moteur pour diminuer les risques de dégradation du catalyseur.Antipollution standards (European, US and other countries) require the monitoring of systems that have an impact on the pollutant emissions of vehicles by so-called OBD devices ("On-Board Diagnostics"). Among the systems to be monitored, the combustion is the subject of a special treatment, since the standards require the detection of misfires (problem on ignition, injection, or mechanical components). When such misfires occur at high levels, the catalyst system is jeopardized. Indeed, the unburned mixture released into the exhaust line will produce an exothermic reaction in the catalyst which will then be abnormally heated and may be damaged. It is possible to reach temperatures above 1300 ° C. The standard therefore requires early warning the driver to change the operating point of the engine to reduce the risk of catalyst degradation.

En pratique, la montée de température du catalyseur est extrêmement rapide, et il est possible que le catalyseur ait déjà subi une dégradation avant que le conducteur ne s'aperçoive que son moteur est victime d'une défaillance.In practice, the temperature rise of the catalyst is extremely fast, and it is possible that the catalyst has already suffered degradation before the driver realizes that his engine is a victim of a failure.

Il est donc nécessaire de programmer dans le calculateur d'injection, des stratégies permettant d'assurer l'intégrité du catalyseur et notamment en procédant à la coupure des injecteurs sur le(s) cylindre(s) défaillant(s).It is therefore necessary to program in the injection computer, strategies to ensure the integrity of the catalyst and in particular by cutting the injectors on the cylinder (s) failure (s).

La stratégie de coupure de l'injection suite à la détection de ratés de combustion (misfire) sur un ou plusieurs cylindres est une stratégie couplée à une stratégie de détection des ratés de combustion permettant d'identifier à chaque point mort haut la présence ou l'absence d'un raté de combustion.The strategy of cutting the injection following the detection of misfires on one or more cylinders is a strategy coupled with a strategy for detecting misfires. to identify at each top dead center the presence or absence of a misfire.

Dans le cas d'une application sur un moteur dépourvu d'un système de phasage d'éjection au moyen d'un capteur de lecture de position sur l'arbre à cames ou d'un moyen physique de contrôle du phasage (par exemple capteurs dans la chambre de combustion), ce phasage s'effectue par une stratégie logicielle. Or, cette stratégie est faussée par la présence de ratés de combustion, ce qui risque de conduire à un mauvais phasage de l'injection : l'injecteur devrait s'ouvrir pendant la phase d'échappement sur chacun des cylindres afin que l'essence soit dïsponible, dans la tubulure d'admission lors de l'ouverture de la soupape d'admission. Or, dans le cas d'un mauvais phasage, il s'ouvre un tour moteur trop tôt. Ceci n'empêche pas le moteur de fonctionner, mais ses performances peuvent être dégradées.In the case of an application on a motor devoid of an ejection phasing system by means of a camshaft position reading sensor or a physical means of phasing control (for example sensors in the combustion chamber), this phasing is done by a software strategy. However, this strategy is distorted by the presence of misfires, which may lead to a poor phasing of the injection: the injector should open during the exhaust phase on each of the cylinders so that the fuel is available in the intake manifold when opening the inlet valve. However, in the case of a bad phasing, it opens a motor turn too early. This does not prevent the engine from running, but its performance may be degraded.

Dans le cas d'un fonctionnement moteur mal phasé, lorsque l'on détecte un défaut sur un cylindre grâce à la stratégie de détection misfire, c'est en réalité l'autre cylindre de la même paire qui est réellement en défaut, Il s'ensuit que si le moteur possède un de ses cylindres en défaut (par exemple le cylindre 1, c'est-à-dire celui situé le plus proche de l'embrayage), le cylindre qui sera déclaré en défaut est le cylindre de la même paire (dans notre exemple, le cylindre numéro 4). Si l'on exécute alors une coupure d'injection sur le cylindre détecté défaillant, le moteur aura en réalité deux cylindres qui ne brûleront plus : celui qui était en défaut (Ie 1) et celui sur lequel l'injection a été coupée (Ie 4).In the case of poorly phased motor operation, when detecting a defect on a cylinder thanks to the misfire detection strategy, it is actually the other cylinder of the same pair that is really in default. then that if the engine has one of its cylinders in default (for example the cylinder 1, that is to say the one located closest to the clutch), the cylinder which will be declared in default is the cylinder of the same pair (in our example, the number 4 cylinder). If an injection cut is then performed on the detected failed cylinder, the engine will actually have two cylinders that will not burn: the one that was in fault (Ie 1) and the one on which the injection was cut (Ie 4).

On voit donc que l'on ne peut effectuer la coupure d'injection sur une application dont le phasage d'injection s'effectue de façon logicielle, sans s'assurer de la justesse du phasage.It can therefore be seen that the injection cutoff can not be performed on an application whose injection phasing is done in software, without ensuring the correctness of the phasing.

L'état de l'art existant montre certaines méthodes permettant de couper l'injection sur des cylindres détectés comme défaillants, mais aucune ne permet de contrôler le phasage de l'injection dans le cas de moteurs dépourvus de capteurs pouvant effectuer le contrôle du phasage, ou en cas de panne d'un tel capteur.The state of the art shows some methods to cut the injection on cylinders detected as defective, but none can control the phasing of the injection in the case of motors without sensors that can perform phasing control , or in case of failure of such a sensor.

Le document US 5 577 475 décrit un procédé de synchronisation du phasage de l'injection dans un moteur à combustion interne. Dans le cas où la synchronisation n'est pas correcte, on provoque des ratés de combustion volontaires dans un des cylindres du moteur. Si le cylindre sur lequel les ratés de combustion sont censés intervenir n'en produit pas, le phasage de l'injection est diagnostiqué comme n'étant pas correct et le phasage de l'injection est modifié.The document US 5,577,475 describes a method of synchronization of the phasing of the injection in an internal combustion engine. In the case where the synchronization is not correct, it causes voluntary misfires in one of the cylinders of the engine. If the cylinder on which the misfires are supposed to intervene does not produce it, the phasing of the injection is diagnosed as not being correct and the phasing of the injection is modified.

L'invention vise à remédier à cette lacune.The invention aims to remedy this deficiency.

L'invention propose donc un procédé pour préserver le catalyseur d'un moteur à allumage commandé, en cas de ratés de combustion. Selon une caractéristique générale de l'invention, le procédé comprend une phase de détection de ratés de combustion sur les cylindres appariés du moteur, et un mode dégradé dans lequel, en présence d'un cylindre détecté en défaut et de son cylindre apparié détecté comme n'étant pas en défaut et en absence d'une information externe de contrôle du phasage moteur (cette absence résultant d'une absence de capteur ou bien d'un capteur en panne), on effectue un contrôle du phasage de l'injection de façon à déterminer lequel de ces deux cylindres est réellement en défaut.The invention therefore proposes a method for preserving the catalyst of a spark ignition engine, in the event of misfires. According to a general characteristic of the invention, the method comprises a phase of detection of misfires on the paired cylinders of the engine, and a degraded mode in which, in the presence of a cylinder detected in default and its paired cylinder detected as not being in default and in the absence of an external control information of the engine phasing (this absence resulting from a lack of sensor or a faulty sensor), it performs a control of the phasing of the injection of to determine which of these two cylinders is really in default.

Le contrôle du phasage de l'injection comporte :

  • une coupure de l'injection sur le cylindre détecté en défaut,
  • un comptage, à chaque allumage sur le cylindre apparié et pendant un horizon de mesure déterminé, du nombre de ratés de combustion détectés sur ce cylindre apparié, et
  • une comparaison do ce nombre avec une valeur calibrée.
The control of the phasing of the injection comprises:
  • a cut of the injection on the cylinder detected in default,
  • a count, at each ignition on the paired cylinder and during a determined measuring horizon, of the number of misfires detected on this paired cylinder, and
  • a comparison of this number with a calibrated value.

Si le contrôle du phasage révèle que le cylindre réellement en défaut est le cylindre apparié, on rétablit l'injection sur le cylindre initialement détecté en défaut, on effectue un rephasage du moteur, et on coupe l'injection sur le cylindre apparié qui est réellement en défaut.If the control of the phasing reveals that the cylinder actually in default is the paired cylinder, the injection is restored to the cylinder initially detected in default, the motor is rephased, and the injection is cut on the paired cylinder which is actually in default.

En présence de deux cylindres d'une même paire détectés en défaut, on coupe avantageusement l'injection sur ces deux cylindres, et on interdit toute coupure d'injection sur un troisième cylindre, même s'il est détecté en défaut.In the presence of two cylinders of the same pair detected in default, it advantageously cuts the injection on these two cylinders, and prohibits any injection cut on a third cylinder, even if it is detected in default.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, on met en veille le mode dégradé dans le cas où tous les cylindres sont détectés en défaut.According to one embodiment of the invention, the degraded mode is put into standby in the case where all the cylinders are detected in default.

On effectue avantageusement une remise d'injection sur des cylindres pour lesquels on avait effectué une coupure d'injection, dans des conditions stables du moteur.Advantageously, an injection of injection is carried out on cylinders for which an injection cut has been carried out, under stable conditions of the engine.

Par ailleurs, on limite de préférence le nombre de remises d'injections au ralenti.Furthermore, it is preferable to limit the number of idle injection refills.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lorsqu'un défaut sur un ou plusieurs cylindres est constaté au ralenti, on ne coupe pas l'injection sur ce ou ces cylindres.According to one embodiment of the invention, when a fault on one or more cylinders is noted at idle, the injection is not cut on this or these cylinders.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront à l'examen de la description détaillée d'un mode de mise en oeuvre, nullement limitatif, et des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • les figures 1 à 3 illustrent schématiquement les principales étapes d'un mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent on examining the detailed description of an embodiment, in no way limiting, and the appended drawings in which:
  • the Figures 1 to 3 schematically illustrate the main steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Le procédé comprend une phase de détection de ratés de combustion sur les cylindres du moteur et sur un horizon limité de révolution.The method comprises a phase of detection of misfires on the engine cylinders and on a limited horizon of revolution.

A la fin de chaque horizon de mesure (étape 10, figure 1), la phase de détection fournit les informations suivantes (étapes 10, 11 et 12, figure 1) :

  • fin d'horizon détecté,
  • panne "ratés de combustions" détectée, c'est-à-dire un taux important (déterminé en phase de mise au point du moteur, en fonction de la température générée dans le catalyseur par l'absence de combustion) de ratés de combustion sur l'horizon de mesure,
  • taux de ratés de combustion détecté sur chacun des cylindres ou numéro des cylindres sur lesquels le taux détecté est supérieur à un seuil déterminé.
At the end of each measurement horizon (step 10, figure 1 ), the detection phase provides the following information (steps 10, 11 and 12, figure 1 ):
  • end of horizon detected,
  • failure "combustion misfires" detected, that is to say a significant rate (determined in the engine tuning phase, depending on the temperature generated in the catalyst by the absence of combustion) misfires on the measurement horizon,
  • rate of misfires detected on each of the cylinders or number of cylinders on which the detected rate is greater than a determined threshold.

De plus, cette phase fournit à chaque point mort haut la présence ou non d'un raté de combustion, et l'état en diagnostic ou non de cette stratégie de détection.In addition, this phase provides at each top dead center the presence or absence of a misfire, and the state of diagnosis or not of this detection strategy.

Outre cette phase de détection, le procédé selon l'invention comporte un mode dégradé, plus particulièrement illustré sur la figure 2.In addition to this detection phase, the method according to the invention comprises a degraded mode, more particularly illustrated on the figure 2 .

Lorsqu'un ou plusieurs horizons de détection sont détectés en défaut, la stratégie de mode dégradé est activée. Ce nombre est un paramètre réglable, qui doit être déterminé en fonction de la rapidité avec laquelle on souhaite voir le mode dégradé s'activer, et de la robustesse de celui-ci.When one or more detection horizons are detected in default, the degraded mode policy is enabled. This number is an adjustable parameter, which must be determined according to the speed with which one wishes to see the degraded mode to activate, and of the robustness of this one.

La stratégie (étape 20) contrôle alors les cylindres détectés en défaut (cylindres dont les taux de misfires dépassent un seuil calibré).The strategy (step 20) then checks the cylinders detected in default (cylinders whose misfires rates exceed a calibrated threshold).

Dans le cas d'une application sur un moteur équipé d'un moyen de contrôle de la synchronisation moteur par un capteur (par exemple un capteur arbre à cames), l'injection est coupée sur les cylindres en défaut. En effet, l'essence injectée et non brûlée est responsable de la hausse de température dans le catalyseur, la coupure d'injection réduit donc les risques de destruction du catalyseur. Les cylindres détectés défaillants ne produisant pas de couple, la coupure d'injection ne crée pas de risque sécuritaire pour le conducteur. Pour plus de précaution, on limite le nombre de cylindres coupés à 2.In the case of an application on an engine equipped with means for controlling the motor synchronization by a sensor (for example a camshaft sensor), the injection is cut on the cylinders in default. In fact, the injected and unburned gasoline is responsible for the rise in temperature in the catalyst, the injection cutoff thus reduces the risk of destruction of the catalyst. Since the cylinders detected failing produce no torque, the injection cutoff does not create a safety risk for the driver. For more precaution, limit the number of cylinders cut to 2.

Dans le cas d'une application dépourvue d'un capteur permettant de contrôler le phasage moteur (ou en cas de panne de ce capteur, si le moteur en est pourvu), si un cylindre est détecté en défaut mais que son cylindre apparié en est exempt (étape 21), le contrôle du phasage peut s'effectuer (étape 24).In the case of an application devoid of a sensor to control the engine phasing (or in case of failure of this sensor, if the engine is provided), if a cylinder is detected in default but its paired cylinder is free (step 21), the phasing control can be performed (step 24).

Pour cela, l'injection est coupée sur le cylindre détecté en défaut (étape 22).For this, the injection is cut on the detected cylinder fault (step 22).

Lorsque l'injection est coupée sur le(s) cylindre(s) en défaut (étape 23), on compte, à chaque allumage sur le cylindre qui lui est apparié, et pendant un horizon de mesure déterminé, le nombre de ratés de combustions détectés sur celui-ci.When the injection is cut off on the cylinder (s) in default (step 23), it is counted, at each ignition on the cylinder which is paired with it, and during a determined measuring horizon, the number of combustion misfires. detected on it.

Si ce cylindre (qui était exempt de défaut) a un taux de misfires supérieur à une valeur calibrée, le cylindre coupé n'est pas celui qui a été détecté en défaut, mais le cylindre qui lui est apparié.If this cylinder (which was free of defects) has a misfire rate higher than a calibrated value, the cylinder cut is not the one that was detected in default, but the cylinder that is paired with it.

Le phasage de l'injection était donc erroné : le cylindre détecté en défaut est le cylindre apparié à celui réellement détecté comme défaillant.The phasing of the injection was therefore wrong: the cylinder detected in default is the cylinder paired with the one actually detected as faulty.

Il faut donc rephaser le moteur (c'est-à-dire décaler d'un tour moteur le motif d'inj ection).It is therefore necessary to rephasing the motor (that is to say, shifting the injection pattern by one motor revolution).

L'injection est rétablie pendant le processus de rephasage (étape 25) afin de préserver les performances résiduelles du véhicule, et le moteur est rephasé (étape 26) (décalage progressif de l'injection jusqu'à obtention du bon phasage temporel de l'injection).The injection is re-established during the rephasing process (step 25) in order to preserve the residual performance of the vehicle, and the motor is rephased (step 26) (progressive shifting of the injection until the good temporal phasing of the injection).

L'injection sur le cylindre en défaut peut alors être coupée lorsque le rephasage est terminé (étape 27).The injection on the cylinder in default can then be cut off when the rephasing is completed (step 27).

Si deux cylindres d'une même paire sont détectés défaillants, l'injection est effectuée sur les deux cylindres (étape 28), le contrôle du phasage n'est alors pas possible. L'injection est alors coupée sur la paire de cylindres en défaut puisque la problématique du phasage ne se pose pas. Il devient alors impossible de couper un troisième cylindre, même si l'on détecte un défaut sur un autre cylindre, et ce afin d'assurer la sécurité du véhicule.If two cylinders of the same pair are detected failing, the injection is performed on both cylinders (step 28), phasing control is then not possible. The injection is then cut on the pair of cylinders in default since the problem of phasing does not arise. It becomes impossible to cut a third cylinder, even if a fault is detected on another cylinder, and this to ensure the safety of the vehicle.

Il est possible qu'à la fin de l'horizon de mesure un défaut "ratés de combustion susceptible d'endommager le catalyseur" soit déclaré sans qu'il y ait pour autant un ou plusieurs cylindres détectés en défaut. Cela signifie alors que des ratés de combustion apparaissent sur tous les cylindres. Cela peut en particulier être le cas lors d'un problème d'alimentation en carburant. Dans ce cas, la stratégie est mise en attente (pas de coupure d'injection) jusqu'à ce que l'on détecte une configuration dans laquelle la coupure peut être effectuée (au moins un cylindre qui ne brûle pas).It is possible that, at the end of the measurement horizon, a defect "combustion misfires liable to damage the catalyst" is declared without there being one or more cylinders detected in default. This means that misfires appear on all the cylinders. This can be particularly the case during a problem of fuel supply. In this case, the strategy is put on hold (no injection cutoff) until a configuration is detected in which the cut can be performed (at least one cylinder that does not burn).

De même, il est possible que tous les cylindres soient détectés défaillants (il s'agit du même type de problème que celui mentionné plus haut, mais avec un taux d'apparition des ratés plus important. Dans ce cas, le mode dégradé est mis en veille comme mentionné ci-dessus.Likewise, it is possible that all the cylinders are detected faulty (this is the same type of problem as mentioned above, but with a higher occurrence rate of misfires.) In this case, the degraded mode is set in standby as mentioned above.

Dans la mesure où le mode dégradé provoque un défaut misfire, il n'est pas possible de faire disparaître le défaut lorsque la coupure d'injection a été réalisée. Afin de permettre la sortie du mode dégradé si le défaut disparaît, il est nécessaire de revenir dans des conditions de fonctionnement normal (c'est-à-dire en injectant sur tous les cylindres), dans des zones de fonctionnement moteurs pour lesquels les ratés de combustion ne présentent pas de risques majeurs pour le catalyseur, ce qui est le cas notamment du ralenti. Ainsi, lorsque le moteur fonctionne au ralenti, l'injection est remise sur les cylindres en défaut, afin de contrôler si le défaut est toujours présent, auquel cas l'injection est de nouveau coupée sur le(s) cylindre(s) en défaut. Dans le cas contraire, le mode dégradé est arrêté jusqu'à une nouvelle apparition du défaut.Since the degraded mode causes a misfire defect, it is not possible to make the fault disappear when the injection cut has been performed. In order to allow the output of the degraded mode if the fault disappears, it is necessary to return to normal operating conditions (that is to say by injecting on all the cylinders), in motor operating zones for which the failures combustion are not major risks for the catalyst, which is particularly the case of idling. Thus, when the engine is idling, the injection is put back on the cylinders in defect, to check if the fault is still present, in which case the injection is cut again on the cylinder (s) in default. In the opposite case, the degraded mode is stopped until a new appearance of the fault.

Afin d'éviter les phénomènes cycliques (injection/coupure d'injection), il est préférable de prendre les précautions suivantes.In order to avoid cyclic phenomena (injection / injection cut), it is best to take the following precautions.

La remise de l'injection (figure 3) ne doit s'effectuer que dans des conditions stables du moteur (en particulier, la stratégie de détection des ratés de combustion doit être active, sans quoi, les ratés de combustion peuvent durer trop longtemps et endommager le catalyseur.Delivery of the injection ( figure 3 ) must only be carried out under stable engine conditions (in particular, the strategy for the detection of misfires must be active, otherwise the misfires may last too long and damage the catalyst.

Le mode dégradé n'est pas activé dans les conditions permettant la remise d'injection pour la confirmation du défaut : ceci permet d'éviter de remettre de l'injection sur les cylindres qui viennent d'être coupés. Lorsqu'un défaut est constaté au ralenti, l'injection n'est pas coupée, puisque ce mode de fonctionnement autorise la sortie du mode dégradé pour un contrôle du défaut ;The degraded mode is not activated under the conditions allowing the delivery of injection for the confirmation of the defect: this makes it possible to avoid putting back of the injection on the cylinders that have just been cut. When a fault is noted at idle, the injection is not cut, since this operating mode allows the output of the degraded mode for a fault control;

Il convient également de limiter le nombre de tentatives de remise d'injection au ralenti : au bout d'un certain nombre (ajustable) de tentatives de remises d'injection pour lesquelles le défaut est confirmé, le mode dégradé est définitivement confirmé jusqu'à la coupure moteur. En effet, au bout d'un certain nombre de tentatives, on peut estimer que le défaut n'est pas un défaut passager. Dans ce cas, il devrait persister jusqu'à l'arrêt du véhicule.It is also appropriate to limit the number of idle injection delivery attempts: after a certain number (adjustable) of injection delivery attempts for which the defect is confirmed, the degraded mode is definitively confirmed until engine shutdown. Indeed, after a certain number of attempts, it can be considered that the defect is not a temporary defect. In this case, it should persist until the vehicle stops.

Il faut s'assurer qu'un horizon de détection complet se déroule avec le mode dégradé désactivé, sinon le défaut détecté correspond à la coupure d'injection provoquée.It must be ensured that a complete detection horizon occurs with the degraded mode deactivated, otherwise the fault detected corresponds to the injection cutoff caused.

Lors de l'arrêt du véhicule, la stratégie est initialisée. Il n'est tenu aucun compte du roulage précédent. Il faut attendre l'apparition du défaut pour provoquer la coupure d'injection sur le(s) cylindre(s) défaillant(s).When stopping the vehicle, the strategy is initialized. No account is taken of the previous taxiing. It is necessary to wait for the appearance of the fault to cause the cut of injection on the (s) cylinder (s) defective (s).

Claims (7)

  1. Method for preserving the catalytic converter of a spark ignition engine in the case of misfires, comprising a phase of detecting misfires on the paired cylinders of the engine, and a degraded mode in which, in the presence (20) of a cylinder detected to be defective and of its paired cylinder detected as not being defective and in the absence of external information for controlling the engine phasing, a control (24) of the injection phasing is carried out so as to determine which of these two cylinders is actually defective, characterized in that the control (24) of the injection phasing comprises a cut-off of the injection on the cylinder detected to be defective, a counting, at each ignition on the paired cylinder and during a defined measuring horizon, of the number of misfires detected on this paired cylinder, and a comparison of this number with a calibrated value.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that if the control (24) of the phasing reveals that the cylinder which is actually defective is the paired cylinder, the injection is re-established (25) on the cylinder initially detected to be defective, a rephasing (26) of the engine is carried out, and the injection is cut off (27) on the paired cylinder which is actually defective.
  3. Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the presence of two cylinders of a single pair which are detected to be defective, the injection is cut off (28) on these two cylinders, and any injection cut-off on a third cylinder is prohibited even if it is detected to be defective.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degraded mode is placed on standby in the case where all the cylinders are detected to be defective.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a reinjection is carried out on cylinders for which an injection cut-off had been carried out, under stable conditions of the engine.
  6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the number of reinjections is limited at idle.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when a fault on one or more cylinders is found at idle, the injection is not cut off on this or these cylinders.
EP03778423A 2002-10-18 2003-10-20 Method for protecting a spark ignition engine catalyst in case of combustion misfiring Expired - Lifetime EP1585894B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0213010A FR2846050B1 (en) 2002-10-18 2002-10-18 METHOD FOR PRESERVING CATALYST OF CONTROLLED IGNITION ENGINE IN CASE OF COMBUSTION RATES
FR0213010 2002-10-18
PCT/FR2003/003117 WO2004036018A1 (en) 2002-10-18 2003-10-20 Method for protecting a spark ignition engine catalyst in case of combustion misfiring

Publications (2)

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EP1585894A1 EP1585894A1 (en) 2005-10-19
EP1585894B1 true EP1585894B1 (en) 2011-09-14

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EP03778423A Expired - Lifetime EP1585894B1 (en) 2002-10-18 2003-10-20 Method for protecting a spark ignition engine catalyst in case of combustion misfiring

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EP (1) EP1585894B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2372932T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2846050B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004036018A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8285469B2 (en) * 2008-12-26 2012-10-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus for internal combustion engine including variable valve operating mechanism
DE102009000444A1 (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus and method for operating an internal combustion engine, computer program, computer program product

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4002210C2 (en) * 1990-01-26 1999-10-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method for separating an engine cylinder with combustion misfires from the fuel supply
JPH0586956A (en) * 1991-09-27 1993-04-06 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Missfire detecting device for internal combustion engine
US5577475A (en) * 1994-12-12 1996-11-26 Saturn Corporation Engine synchronization
DE10006004C1 (en) * 2000-02-11 2000-11-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Misfire detection in multicylinder engines involves comparing rough running values for simultaneously ignited cylinders with value lower than for individually ignited cylinders

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FR2846050A1 (en) 2004-04-23
ES2372932T3 (en) 2012-01-27
FR2846050B1 (en) 2006-10-06
WO2004036018A1 (en) 2004-04-29
EP1585894A1 (en) 2005-10-19

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