EP1583127B1 - Switching arrangement, relay, socket and electrical apparatuses containing such an arrangement - Google Patents

Switching arrangement, relay, socket and electrical apparatuses containing such an arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1583127B1
EP1583127B1 EP05354007A EP05354007A EP1583127B1 EP 1583127 B1 EP1583127 B1 EP 1583127B1 EP 05354007 A EP05354007 A EP 05354007A EP 05354007 A EP05354007 A EP 05354007A EP 1583127 B1 EP1583127 B1 EP 1583127B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
electrical
magnet
base
base parts
Prior art date
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Application number
EP05354007A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1583127A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Schneider Electric Industries SAS Batteux
Oleg Schneider Electric Industries SAS Garelli
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP1583127A1 publication Critical patent/EP1583127A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822—Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H01H2051/2218—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature having at least one movable permanent magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device comprising a contact block having a fixed part connected to at least one electrical terminal and having at least one electrical contact zone that can collaborate with a contact zone of a mobile part, a device actuator for moving the movable portion from a closed position to an open position of said electrical contact areas.
  • the establishment and the cut-off of the electric current at a distance are generally carried out using contactor or relay.
  • These widely used devices include in particular electromagnetic actuation means for controlling the displacement of one or more movable contacts relative to one or more fixed contacts, a closed position to an open position and vice versa.
  • the actuating means comprise in particular electric coils as well as permanent magnets ( US-B1-6414577 , US Patent 2658971 , EP0686989B1 , EP0272164B1 ).
  • these many devices differ among themselves in particular by their number of contacts or the number of positions of the contacts according to the control currents.
  • These devices manufactured in large series consist of a housing containing the contacts and the actuating means. Means of connection make it possible to connect the housing with the electrical devices to be controlled.
  • a known electrical outlet comprises a base 29 disposed in a space 28 of suitable size to receive said base.
  • the spaces 28 are arranged in the walls or partitions present in the rooms of the dwelling places.
  • the base 29 comprises two sockets 31 in which is inserted an electrical appliance supply socket. These bushings 31 are respectively connected to electrical wires of the mains supply via supply terminals 30. The electrical wires are held at the supply terminals 30 by fixing means 32.
  • a relay placed on at least one of the box poles 41 is controlled by a control module 45 receiving in particular control commands for opening or closing the relay by a radio module 46.
  • the relay is connected in series between at least one pin 44 and the corresponding socket 31.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art, so as to provide a simple and compact switching device.
  • the actuator comprises an electrical coil having a coil for creating a magnetic field for biasing the receptacles with opposite magnetic polarities.
  • the actuating device comprises an electric coil having two winding sections connected in series and having opposite winding directions so that said sections respectively create opposite magnetic fields.
  • the actuating device comprises two coaxial electrical coils connected so as to create opposite magnetic fields.
  • the two bases have the same magnetic polarities.
  • the magnet comprises an electrical contact zone in contact with a contact zone connected to a second electrical terminal.
  • the magnet in each of the two stable positions, comprises an electrical contact zone in contact with a contact zone connected respectively to a second electrical terminal.
  • the magnet operates a magnetic attraction with one of the two bases.
  • the metal bases are respectively connected to two separate connection terminals.
  • the magnet is electrically connected to one of the two metal bases by a flexible link.
  • the magnet is electrically connected to a third electrical terminal by a flexible link.
  • the movable magnet moves in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coils and inside the coils of the actuating device.
  • the metal bases have studs positioned projecting on their inner faces, the pads of said bases being placed facing each other and are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the coils.
  • a side wall of magnetizable material extends between the two electrically isolated bases.
  • a relay according to a development mode of the invention comprises at least two electrical contact terminals and at least two electrical control inputs and comprises a switching device as defined above, the coils of said device being connected to the control inputs and the bases of said device being connected to the contact terminals.
  • the resetting means comprise a pressure button acting on the mobile part of the switching device via control means.
  • the thermal trigger means comprise a bimetal acting on the movable magnet via control means.
  • the thermal tripping means are electrically connected to one of the electrical terminals.
  • a control circuit of the actuating device of the switching device as defined above sends a single repulsion control command or two consecutive repulsion and attraction control commands or two simultaneous command orders of attraction and repulsion.
  • a socket according to a development mode of the invention comprises a base on which are fixed at least two sockets connected to connection terminals and comprises a switching device as defined above connected between at least one socket and a terminal connection.
  • the electrical switching device is a bistable switching device. It can take two stable operating states respectively corresponding to closed or open positions of the electrical terminals A, B.
  • the switching device 1 consists of a fixed part 2 comprising a first base 22 and a second base 23.
  • the two bases 22, 23 of magnetic or magnetizable material, preferably of cylindrical shape, are respectively connected to electrical connection terminals A, B. These terminals A, B are themselves connected to an electrical circuit.
  • the two metal bases 22, 23 are electrically insulated from each other.
  • the bases are arranged so that their inner faces 24 and 25 are facing each other, for example in parallel.
  • the space 10 between the two bases is occupied by an actuating device 5.
  • This device is constituted according to the embodiment shown, by an electric coil 55 whose longitudinal axis Y is substantially perpendicular to the inner faces 24, 25 bases 22, 23 of the fixed part 2.
  • the electric coil 55 is supplied between two inputs 11 and 12 by a power source capable of sending current commands or electrical pulses.
  • This source of impulse energy may consist in particular of a previously charged capacitor.
  • the inner faces 24, 25 of the bases 22, 23 are preferably placed as close as possible to the radial faces of the coil 55.
  • the outside diameter of the cylindrical bases 22, 23 is advantageously at least equal to the outside diameter of the coil 55.
  • said coil in order to obtain an electrical isolation between the bases 22, 23 and the coil 55, said coil is positioned in a support 9 made of electrically insulating material and permeable to the electromagnetic field created by the coil 55 when this last is covered by an electric current I.
  • a moving part is positioned in the space delimited by the volume inside the coil 55 of the actuating device 5 and between the internal surfaces of the two bases 22, 23 of the fixed part 2.
  • the moving part of the actuating device consists of a permanent magnet 7 connected to one of the two electrical terminals A, B by a flexible link 8.
  • This link 8 has both mechanical and electrical characteristics. It allows a translational movement of the magnet 7 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coil 55 and is used on the other hand as an electrical power conductor between the terminals A and B.
  • One of the two bases 22, 23 may have an electrical connection 85 common with the flexible link 8, for example the base 22.
  • the base 22 and the link 8 can be connected to an electrical terminal A.
  • the flexible link consists of a metal braid of generally cylindrical shape and having one of the ends 26 in conical trunk form.
  • the end 26 is in electrical contact with the internal face 24 of the base 22.
  • the permanent magnet 7 is fixed on its second end 27 of the flexible link 8.
  • the contact zones of the magnet may comprise electrical contact pads.
  • the contact pads can be made of usual contact material including copper or silver.
  • the end 27 of flexible metal braid is then soldered directly to the electrical contact pad surrounding the magnet 7.
  • the displacement of the magnet is effected over a total distance X, hereinafter referred to as the total air gap X.
  • the north pole of the magnet is arbitrarily positioned with respect to the internal face 24 of the magnet. 22 base and the south pole of the magnet is opposite the inner face 25 of the base 23.
  • the switching device will obviously operate according to the same principles of actuation if the permanent magnet is returned so as to its North Pole is placed opposite with the inner face 25 of the base 23.
  • the separation distance of the contact areas is set in order to ensure isolation distances of the product in which the switching device 1 is used.
  • the air gap is at least 3 millimeters in the open position.
  • the switching device has two stable operating states. A first state of operation where the magnet 7 is attached to the inner face 25 of the base 23. A second state where the magnet is then attached to the inner face 24 of the base 22.
  • the actuating device 5 When the coil 55 is not powered, the actuating device 5 is then inoperative. The magnet 7 is then in a first or a second position respectively attached to the base 23 or to the base 22.
  • the terminals A and B are electrically connected to one another via the base 22, the flexible link 8, a contact zone of the permanent magnet 7 and the base 23.
  • the switching device is then closed .
  • terminals A and B are no longer electrically connected because the contact area of the permanent magnet 7 is not in contact with the contact area of the base 23.
  • the switching device 1 is then open.
  • contact pads may be arranged on the said contact zones of the internal faces of the bases 22, 23.
  • the inputs 11 and 12 of the coil 55 are respectively fed so that the current I flowing in the coil 55 produces an electromagnetic field whose field lines, have the effect of magnetizing the bases 22 and 23.
  • the base 22 temporarily becomes a North pole while the base 23 becomes a South pole.
  • the south poles of the magnet and the base 23 repel with a repulsion force inversely proportional to a distance X1 squared.
  • the distance X1 then corresponds to the displacement distance separating the magnet 7 from the base 23.
  • the distance X1 tends to zero at the beginning of the displacement and is equal to the total air gap X at the end of displacement.
  • the moving magnet moves in the direction 14 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coil 55.
  • the respectively South-South and North-North repulsion forces are of equal intensity and tend to equilibrate.
  • the direction of the current I in the coil is then reversed which causes a change in the direction of rotation of the lines of the electromagnetic field produces the coil 55.
  • the magnetic polarity of the bases 22, 23 also reverses, the base 22 becomes a South pole and the base 23 becomes a North Pole.
  • the North pole of the permanent magnet is then attracted by the base 22.
  • the attraction forces between the North and South poles respectively of the magnet and the base 22 are directly proportional to the square of the distance separating them. Thus, more magnet 7 is closer to the base 22 plus the attraction force is large.
  • the device can then stop feeding the coil 55.
  • the bases 22 and 23 are no longer polarized by the coil and the switching device 1 is found in a new stable state.
  • the electrical terminals A, B are no longer electrically connected and the switching device is then open.
  • the Figures 8a and 8b represent a chronological diagram of the different stages of operation described above.
  • a first cycle C of control commands is sent.
  • a first current command or pulse C1 is sent into the coil 55.
  • the switching device leaves a first stable state 70.
  • the magnet 7 is pushed back from the base 23 and moves towards the second base 22.
  • This displacement corresponding to an unstable state of the device, is broken down into two periods respectively represented between instants f and g and between instants g and h.
  • the distance X1 traveled by the magnet 7 increases thanks to the repulsion force generated by the first pulse C1 as represented on FIG.
  • FIG. figure 5 The inertia of the magnet 7 allows it to travel a distance X1 greater than half of the total air gap X as shown in FIG. figure 6 .
  • a second command or pulse C2 sends a current to the coil. I circulating in a contrary direction.
  • the supply of the coil is preferably cut off and the device is in a second stable state 72. In this control mode the coil 55 generates a repulsive force followed by an attraction force.
  • the second current command or pulse C2 can be suppressed . So when the device is in an intermediate state 71, about the instants g or n, the coil 55 is no longer powered. The magnet 7 will then continue its displacement under the effect of the inertial forces to finally come into contact with the second base. In this case, the control of the coil only generates repulsive forces causing the displacement of the magnet 7. At the end of the stroke, the attraction of the magnet 7 on the bases of magnetic or magnetizable materials occurs without the action of the coil.
  • the device as represented on the Figures 3 to 7 is particularly intended for electric remote switches.
  • studs 13 are arranged projecting on the inner faces of the bases 22 and 23. This structure reduces the length of the permanent magnet while keeping the same length of the total air gap X. This in particular reduces costs of the permanent magnet 7.
  • a side wall of magnetizable material 60 extends between the two bases 22, 23.
  • an insulating portion 9 is interposed between the bases.
  • the actuating device 5 comprises a coil 55 whose winding is made in two sections 56, 57.
  • the winding of the wire on the first section 56 is in a first direction of rotation and the winding of the wire on the second section 57 is in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first.
  • the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal.
  • the operating mode of the device is then the following. Chronologically, as shown on the Figures 13a and 13b at an instant e, before sending an order to the actuating device 5, said device is in a first stable state 70.
  • a first control command C1 is sent to the coil 55 via the inputs 11, 12.
  • the local electromagnetic fields created by the two winding sections 56, 57 of the coil 55 make it possible to magnetize the bases 22 and 23 with identical magnetic poles.
  • the two winding sections respectively create local magnetic fields whose field lines 62, 63 rotate in opposite directions.
  • the base 22 and the base 23 become South poles.
  • a repulsion force is generated between the South pole of the magnet 7 and the South pole of the base 23. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 25 of the base 23 according to the direction 14.
  • a force of attraction is generated between the North pole of the magnet 7 and the South pole of the base 22. This force tends to attract the magnet towards the base 22.
  • the switching device 1 then leaves the first stable state 70.
  • the magnet 7 pushed back from the first base, begins to move toward the second base. This displacement, corresponding to an unstable state of the device, between the instants f and h1.
  • the terminals A, B are then open and the device is in an open stable state 72. Then, at time h2, the supply of the coil can then be cut off and the bases are no longer polarized by said coil.
  • the duration of the pulse C1 between the instants f and h2 is then advantageously greater than the duration of the total travel of the magnet 7 moving from the first base to the second base.
  • a second control command C2 is sent at a time m.
  • the direction of the electric current I flowing in the coil 55 is then reversed as shown in FIG. figure 12 .
  • the north pole of the magnet which is in contact with the inner face of the base 22 is pushed back along the direction 14.
  • the magnet 7 is attracted by the base 23.
  • the terminals A, B are again in the closed position. Then, the supply of the coil 55 can then be cut off at the instant 02 and the bases 22, 23 are no longer polarized by said coil.
  • the Figures 15 to 18 represent embodiments of the switching device 1 for use in a socket 29 of a socket 40.
  • the bases 22, 23 of the switching device 1 then comprise respectively a socket 31 and a power supply terminal 30.
  • the power supply terminals 30 comprise means 32 for fixing the cables or supply wires.
  • an alternative embodiment of the actuating device 5 comprises two coils 58, 59 adjacent and electrically connected.
  • the winding of the winding wire of these two coils 58, 59 generate opposite magnetic fields.
  • the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal.
  • the electrical inputs 11, 12 of the actuating device are respectively connected to the coils 58 and 59.
  • the operation of this variant is similar to that of the first preferred embodiment as shown in FIGS. Figures 10 to 12 and described above.
  • the actuating device 5 comprises two coils 58, 59 adjacent and electrically independent.
  • the coils 58, 59 are respectively electrically powered between inputs 11a, 12a and 11b, 12b.
  • the winding direction of the winding wire of the two coils 58, 59 as well as the choice of electrical polarity of the inputs 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b makes it possible to move the magnet 7 of the base 22 towards the base 23 and reciprocally .
  • the winding directions of the winding wire of the two coils 58, 59 are opposite and the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal.
  • the device is in a first stable state 70, the terminals A and B are in the open position.
  • the operating mode of the device is then as follows.
  • a first control command or pulse C11 is sent to the coil 58, the terminals 11a and 12a are respectively fed negatively and positively.
  • the electric current I flowing in the coil 58 generates a local magnetic field. Said field makes it possible to magnetize the pad 13 of the base 22.
  • the stud of the base 22 then becomes a North pole.
  • the base 23 has no magnetic polarity.
  • a repulsion force is generated between the North pole of the magnet and the North pole of the base 22. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 24 of the base 22.
  • the magnet is subjected to an electromagnetic force which tends to cause it to move in the direction of travel 14.
  • the magnet After moving between the two bases, the magnet is positioned on the base 23, the terminals A, B are then closed. The supply of the coils can then be cut off, the magnetic pole of the base 22 disappears. The device is in a closed stable state 72 with the magnet in contact with the base 23.
  • a second control command C22 is sent to the second coil 59 as shown in FIG. figure 19B .
  • the terminals 11b and 12b are respectively powered respectively positively and negatively.
  • the electric current I flowing in the coil 59 generates a local magnetic field. Said field makes it possible to magnetize the stud 13 of the base 23.
  • the stud of the base 23 then becomes a South pole.
  • the base 22 has no magnetic polarity.
  • a repulsion force is generated between the south pole of the magnet and the south pole of the base 23. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 25 of the base 23. magnet is subjected to an electromagnetic force which tends to cause it to move in the direction of travel 14.
  • the magnet After moving between the two bases, the magnet is positioned on the base 22, the terminals A, B are then open. The supply of the coils can then be cut off, the magnetic pole of the base 23 disappears. The device is in an open stable state 70 with the magnet in contact with the base 22.
  • a single control command C11 or C22 is sent to only one of the two coils 58 or 59.
  • the flexible link 8 is connected to a third electrical terminal C distinct from the terminals A and B.
  • An additional electrical insulator 99 is then used to separate the flexible link 8 from the base 22 on which the link was previously fixed.
  • the magnet then has two electrical contact areas that can collaborate respectively with the two bases 22, 23.
  • the displacement of the movable portion 2, in particular of the magnet 7 from a first stable position to a second stable position allows successively connecting terminals A and C and terminals C and B.
  • the electrical terminals are soldered to a printed circuit board 101 serving to support a cover 100 enclosing the switching device 1 said inverter.
  • the devices as represented on the Figures 10 to 20 are particularly intended for so-called bistable electrical relays.
  • an electrical apparatus comprises a switching device 1 and thermal triggering means 73 as well as resetting means 80.
  • the thermal tripping means 73 make it possible to open the terminals A and B in the event of an electrical overload of the switching device 1. They include a bimetal 75 associated with a control pin 76.
  • bimetal 75 can be connected directly to one of the electrical terminals B of the switching device 1.
  • the bimetallic strip 75 may not be in electrical contact with the electrical terminals A, B.
  • a coil 81 surrounding the bimetal strip 75 is then connected directly to one of the electrical terminals B.
  • the control shaft 76 is an electrical insulator. A first end of said axis is permanently connected to the bimetal 75.
  • the longitudinal axis of the control axis 76 is preferably coincident with the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59.
  • the control axis 76 is slidably mounted through one of the bases, preferably the base 23.
  • a passage of an excessive electric current inside the bimetallic strip 75 or inside the coil 81 causes heating of said bimetallic strip and therefore its deformation.
  • This deformation of the bimetal 75 is transmitted to the control shaft 76 via its first end and causes a translational movement of said axis 76 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59.
  • the second end of said axis may be in contact with said magnet.
  • the mechanical resetting means 80 make it possible to manually close the terminals A and B when the magnet is on the base 22.
  • the mechanical resetting means 80 comprise a pressure button 77 which can act on a second control axis 79 by intermediate elastic means 78. A first end of the second control axis 79 is permanently connected to the elastic means 78.
  • the longitudinal axis of the control axis 79 is preferably coincident with the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58 , 59.
  • the control shaft 79 is slidably mounted through one of the bases, preferably the base 22. An action on the pressure button 77 is transmitted to the control shaft 79 via its first end and causes a movement in translation of said axis 79 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59.
  • the figure 21 represents the device in stable operating position. Terminals A and B are then closed, bimetal 75 has not undergone any deformation due to any heating.
  • bimetal 75 When the device is subjected to an electrical overload, bimetal 75 is deformed as shown in FIG. figure 22 . This deformation of the bimetal 75 then tends to cause the control pin 76 to move towards the magnet 7. An increasing separation force FB then applies to the magnet 7 via the control pin 76. force FB tends to oppose the magnetic attraction force FA of the magnet on the first base 23. The force FA directly depends on the intrinsic characteristics of the magnet 7.
  • the release force FB is much lower than the magnetic attraction force FA.
  • the FB force increases. Beyond a certain deformation, the intensity of the force FB becomes much greater than the force FA and causes a sudden detachment of the magnet 7 of the first base 22. As shown in FIG. figure 23 the magnet 7 will stick on the second base 22. The switching device 1 is then open.
  • the rearming of the device can be done through two types of means.
  • the elastic means 78 When the pressure button 77 is depressed, the elastic means 78 having undergone deformation exert a compression force FP on the second control axis 79. This compression force FP then acts directly on the magnet 7 which is on the base 22 and tends to take off the latter.
  • the stiffness of the elastic means 78 is calibrated so as to be able to take off the magnet 7 from the base 22 when the force FB exerted on the magnet 7 by the first transmission axis 76 is minimal. In other words, if the bimetal 75 has not returned to its original shape and still exerts a force FB on the magnet 7 via the control shaft 76, the mechanical resetting means 80 are inoperative.
  • bimetal 75 will cool down and return to its original shape.
  • the detachment force FB tends to zero.
  • This type of device then comprises two types of rearming.
  • the switching device 1 also retains its original remote opening and closing control functions.
  • the electrical control of the coils 58 and 59 can be made remotely while the mechanical resetting means 80 are preferably controlled by an operator located next to the device.
  • an electrical apparatus comprises a switching device 1 and thermal triggering means.
  • This type of device is particularly intended to be used as a thermal circuit breaker or as an electric thermostat.
  • the thermal triggering means 82 allow terminals A and B to be opened if the ambient temperature of the medium in which the device is located increases.
  • the thermal tripping means 82 are associated with a control axis 76. As in the previous example, the deformation of the thermal triggering means 82 due to an increase in the temperature causes a displacement of the control axis 76 which acts on the moving part, in particular the magnet 7 of the switching device 1.
  • FIGS. 28 and 29 represent alternative embodiments of a control module 45 of the actuating device 5.
  • the control module 45 is in particular intended to control switching devices according to the Figures 10 to 12 . It comprises a circuit 88 composed of four power transistors 91 mounted in a known manner in H. The coils 56, 57 are connected to said transistors. The transistors 91 are controlled via a control circuit 87 powered by a source 86 and receiving control commands from a reception module 46.
  • the control module 45 is in particular intended to control switching devices according to the Figures 16 to 18 . It comprises a circuit 88 composed of two power transistors 91 connected respectively to the coils 58 and 59. The transistors are controlled via a control circuit 87 supplied by a source 86 and receiving these control commands from a receiving module 46.
  • the switching device 1 may be intended for the control of electrical outlets 40.
  • the figure 2 represents an electrical socket in which has been placed a switching device 1 according to the embodiments of the invention. Said switching device 1 is placed respectively between the bushings 31 and the supply terminals 30 and thus makes it possible to cut simultaneously or separately the two electrical poles of the socket 40.
  • a control module 45 placed in the volume 28 and supplied between the terminals 30 makes it possible to control the opening or closing of the switching device 1.
  • External commands for electrical control of the switching devices can be received in particular by receiving modules 46 connected to the control module 45. External commands can also be transmitted by other means such as the carrier currents.

Abstract

The apparatus has a fixed part with two electrical isolated base plates (22, 23). An actuating device (5) disposed between the base plates is constituted of an electromagnetic coil (55) for magnetizing the plates. A movable part includes a magnet (7) that has an electrical contact zone to contact the plates in one of two stable positions, where the base plates comprise of a zone connected to an electrical terminal. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a relay comprising a switching device (B) an electric socket comprising a switching device.

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L'INVENTIONTECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

L'invention est relative à un dispositif de commutation comprenant un bloc de contact ayant une partie fixe reliée à au moins une borne électrique et ayant au moins une zone de contact électrique pouvant collaborer avec une zone de contact d'une partie mobile, un dispositif d'actionnement permettant de déplacer la partie mobile d'une position de fermeture à une position d'ouverture desdites zones de contact électrique.The invention relates to a switching device comprising a contact block having a fixed part connected to at least one electrical terminal and having at least one electrical contact zone that can collaborate with a contact zone of a mobile part, a device actuator for moving the movable portion from a closed position to an open position of said electrical contact areas.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART

Dans une installation électrique classique, l'établissement et la coupure du courant électrique à distance sont généralement réalisés à l'aide de contacteur ou de relais.In a conventional electrical installation, the establishment and the cut-off of the electric current at a distance are generally carried out using contactor or relay.

Ces appareils largement répandus, comportent notamment des moyens d'actionnement électromagnétique destinés à commander le déplacement d'un ou plusieurs contacts mobiles par rapport à un ou plusieurs contacts fixes, d'une position de fermeture à une position d'ouverture et réciproquement. Les moyens d'actionnement comportent notamment des bobines électriques ainsi que des aimants permanents ( US-B1-6414577 , US-A-2658971 , EP0686989B1 , EP0272164B1 ).These widely used devices include in particular electromagnetic actuation means for controlling the displacement of one or more movable contacts relative to one or more fixed contacts, a closed position to an open position and vice versa. The actuating means comprise in particular electric coils as well as permanent magnets ( US-B1-6414577 , US Patent 2658971 , EP0686989B1 , EP0272164B1 ).

En outre, ces nombreux appareils diffèrent entre eux notamment par leur nombre de contacts ou le nombre de positions des contacts en fonction des courants de commande. A titre d'exemple, on peut avoir des contacteurs ou relais classiques ou des appareils plus complexes à deux positions stables dits bistables.In addition, these many devices differ among themselves in particular by their number of contacts or the number of positions of the contacts according to the control currents. By way of example, it is possible to have conventional contactors or relays or more complex apparatus with two stable so-called bistable positions.

Ces appareils fabriqués en grande série sont constitués d'un boîtier renfermant les contacts ainsi que les moyens d'actionnement. Des moyens de connexion permettent de raccorder le boîtier avec les dispositifs électriques à commander.These devices manufactured in large series consist of a housing containing the contacts and the actuating means. Means of connection make it possible to connect the housing with the electrical devices to be controlled.

Cependant, l'implantation de ces appareils dans des environnements confinés peut poser certains problèmes. En effet, il devient par exemple difficile de les intégrer dans une prise de courant électrique 40 telle que représentée sur la figure 1. Une prise de courant électrique connue comprend un socle 29 disposé dans un espace 28 de taille adaptée à la réception dudit socle. De manière connue, les espaces 28 sont disposés dans les parois ou cloisons présentes dans les pièces des lieux d'habitation. Le socle 29 comprend deux douilles 31 dans lesquelles vient s'insérer une prise d'alimentation d'appareil électrique. Ces douilles 31 sont reliées respectivement à des fils électriques de l'alimentation secteur via des bornes d'alimentation 30. Les fils électriques sont maintenus aux bornes d'alimentation 30 par des moyens de fixation 32.However, implanting these devices in confined environments can pose some problems. Indeed, for example, it becomes difficult to integrate them into an electrical outlet 40 as shown in FIG. figure 1 . A known electrical outlet comprises a base 29 disposed in a space 28 of suitable size to receive said base. In a known manner, the spaces 28 are arranged in the walls or partitions present in the rooms of the dwelling places. The base 29 comprises two sockets 31 in which is inserted an electrical appliance supply socket. These bushings 31 are respectively connected to electrical wires of the mains supply via supply terminals 30. The electrical wires are held at the supply terminals 30 by fixing means 32.

Compte tenu de la taille et des caractéristiques des dispositifs de commutation connus ainsi que des moyens de commande à distance associés, notamment un module radio, il est très difficile de positionner tous ces composants à l'intérieur de l'espace 28. En outre, le circuit de puissance doit transiter par des fils de liaison entre les bornes 30 de la prise de courant et un relais puis du relais, aux douilles 31 de la prise de courant. La présence encombrante de ces fils ainsi que les nombreux raccords électriques peuvent générer des échauffements nuisibles. En outre, les opérations d'assemblage et de câblage restent délicates et onéreuses car difficilement automatisables.Given the size and characteristics of known switching devices and associated remote control means, including a radio module, it is very difficult to position all these components within the space 28. In addition, the power circuit must pass through connecting wires between the terminals 30 of the power socket and a relay and the relay, to the sockets 31 of the socket. The cumbersome presence of these wires and the many electrical connections can generate harmful heating. In addition, the assembly and wiring operations are delicate and expensive because difficult to automate.

Pour remédier à ces problèmes d'installation liés au peu de place disponible, des solutions permettent de commander une prise de courant 40 à distance grâce à des boîtiers externes venant se brancher sur ladite prise. L'ensemble des composants utilisés pour la commande est alors placé dans une boîte externe 41 à la prise de courant 40. La boite 41 est connectée aux douilles 31 de la prise de courant par des broches 44. La boite 41 comprend aussi des douilles 31 dans lesquelles vient s'insérer une prise d'alimentation d'appareil électrique.To remedy these installation problems related to the limited space available, solutions to control a power outlet 40 remotely through external boxes that connect to said socket. All the components used for the control is then placed in an outer box 41 to the socket 40. The box 41 is connected to the sockets 31 of the socket by pins 44. The box 41 also includes sockets 31 in which is inserted a power supply of electrical appliance.

Un relais placé sur au moins un des pôles de boîte 41 est piloté par un module de commande 45 recevant notamment des ordres de commande d'ouverture ou de fermeture du relais par un module radio 46. Le relais est connecté en série entre au moins une broche 44 et la douille 31 correspondante.A relay placed on at least one of the box poles 41 is controlled by a control module 45 receiving in particular control commands for opening or closing the relay by a radio module 46. The relay is connected in series between at least one pin 44 and the corresponding socket 31.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

L'invention vise donc à remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique, de manière à proposer un dispositif de commutation simple et peu encombrant.The invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art, so as to provide a simple and compact switching device.

Un dispositif de commutation électrique selon l'invention est divulgué dans la revendication 1.An electrical switching device according to the invention is disclosed in claim 1.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif de d'actionnement comprend une bobine électrique ayant un bobinage destiné à créer un champ magnétique pour polariser les embases avec des polarités magnétiques opposées.In a particular embodiment, the actuator comprises an electrical coil having a coil for creating a magnetic field for biasing the receptacles with opposite magnetic polarities.

Selon un mode de développement de l'invention, le dispositif de d'actionnement comprend une bobine électrique ayant deux tronçons de bobinage connectées en série et ayant des sens de bobinage contraires de manière à ce que lesdits tronçons créent respectivement des champs magnétiques opposés.According to a development mode of the invention, the actuating device comprises an electric coil having two winding sections connected in series and having opposite winding directions so that said sections respectively create opposite magnetic fields.

De préférence, le dispositif d'actionnement comprend deux bobines électriques coaxiales connectées de manière à créer des champs magnétiques opposés.Preferably, the actuating device comprises two coaxial electrical coils connected so as to create opposite magnetic fields.

De préférence, les deux embases ont les mêmes polarités magnétiques.Preferably, the two bases have the same magnetic polarities.

Avantageusement, dans une des deux positions stables, l'aimant comporte une zone de contact électrique en contact avec une zone de contact reliée à une seconde borne électrique.Advantageously, in one of the two stable positions, the magnet comprises an electrical contact zone in contact with a contact zone connected to a second electrical terminal.

Avantageusement, dans chacune des deux positions stables, l'aimant comporte une zone de contact électrique en contact avec une zone de contact reliée respectivement à une seconde borne électrique.Advantageously, in each of the two stable positions, the magnet comprises an electrical contact zone in contact with a contact zone connected respectively to a second electrical terminal.

Avantageusement, respectivement à chaque position stable, l'aimant opère une attraction magnétique avec une des deux embases.Advantageously, respectively at each stable position, the magnet operates a magnetic attraction with one of the two bases.

Selon un mode de développement de l'invention, les embases métalliques sont reliées respectivement à deux bornes de connexion distinctes.According to a development mode of the invention, the metal bases are respectively connected to two separate connection terminals.

De préférence, l'aimant est relié électriquement à une des deux embases métalliques par un lien souple.Preferably, the magnet is electrically connected to one of the two metal bases by a flexible link.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, l'aimant est relié électriquement à une troisième borne électrique par un lien souple.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the magnet is electrically connected to a third electrical terminal by a flexible link.

De préférence, l'aimant mobile se déplace selon une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal des bobines et à l'intérieur des bobines du dispositif d'actionnement.Preferably, the movable magnet moves in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coils and inside the coils of the actuating device.

De préférence, les embases métalliques possèdent des plots positionnés en saillie sur leurs faces internes, les plots desdites embases étant placés en vis à vis et sont alignés avec l'axe longitudinal des bobines.Preferably, the metal bases have studs positioned projecting on their inner faces, the pads of said bases being placed facing each other and are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the coils.

De préférence, une paroi latérale en matériau magnétisable s'étend entre les deux embases isolées électriquement.Preferably, a side wall of magnetizable material extends between the two electrically isolated bases.

Un relais selon un mode développement de l'invention comporte au moins deux bornes de contact électriques et au moins deux entrées de commande électrique et comporte un dispositif de commutation tel que défini ci-dessus, les bobines dudit dispositif étant connectées aux entrées de commande et les embases dudit dispositif étant connectées aux bornes de contact.A relay according to a development mode of the invention comprises at least two electrical contact terminals and at least two electrical control inputs and comprises a switching device as defined above, the coils of said device being connected to the control inputs and the bases of said device being connected to the contact terminals.

Un appareil électrique selon un mode développement de l'invention comporte des moyens thermiques de déclenchement et des moyens de réarmement et comporte un dispositif de commutation tel que défini ci-dessus associé aux moyens thermiques de déclenchement et aux moyens de réarmement.An electrical apparatus according to a development mode of the invention comprises thermal triggering means and resetting means and comprises a switching device as defined above associated with the thermal triggering means and the resetting means.

Avantageusement, les moyens de réarmement comportent un bouton de pression agissant sur la partie mobile du dispositif de commutation via des moyens de commande.Advantageously, the resetting means comprise a pressure button acting on the mobile part of the switching device via control means.

Avantageusement, les moyens thermiques de déclenchement comportent un bilame agissant sur l'aimant mobile via des moyens de commande.Advantageously, the thermal trigger means comprise a bimetal acting on the movable magnet via control means.

Avantageusement, les moyens thermiques de déclenchement sont reliés électriquement à une des bornes électriques.Advantageously, the thermal tripping means are electrically connected to one of the electrical terminals.

Un circuit de commande du dispositif d'actionnement du dispositif de commutation tel que défini ci-dessus, envoie un ordre unique de commande de répulsion ou deux ordres de commande consécutifs de répulsion et d'attraction ou deux ordres de commande simultanés d'attraction et de répulsion.A control circuit of the actuating device of the switching device as defined above, sends a single repulsion control command or two consecutive repulsion and attraction control commands or two simultaneous command orders of attraction and repulsion.

Une prise de courant selon un mode développement de l'invention comporte un socle sur lequel sont fixées au moins deux douilles reliées à des bornes de connexion et comporte un dispositif de commutation tel que défini ci-dessus connecté entre au moins une douille et une borne de connexion.A socket according to a development mode of the invention comprises a base on which are fixed at least two sockets connected to connection terminals and comprises a switching device as defined above connected between at least one socket and a terminal connection.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une prise de courant comportant un dispositif de commutation de type connu ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une prise de courant comportant un dispositif de commutation selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de commutation selon une mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 4 à 7 représentent le dispositif selon la figure 1 dans différents états de fonctionnement ;
  • la figure 8a représente une courbe représentative du signal de commande du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 3 à 7 ;
  • la figure 8b représente une courbe représentative du déplacement du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 3 à 7 ;
  • la figure 9 représente une vue en coupe d'une première variante de réalisation du dispositif selon la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 10 à 12 représentent des vues en coupe d'un premier mode de réalisation préférentiel du dispositif selon la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 13a représente une courbe représentative du signal de commande du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 10 à 12 ;
  • la figure 13b représente une courbe représentative du déplacement du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 10 à 12 ;
  • la figure 14 représente une vue détaillée de la partie mobile du dispositif selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 15 représente une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation du dispositif selon la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 16 à 18 représentent des vues en coupe d'un second mode de réalisation préférentiel du dispositif selon la figure 1.
  • les figures 19a et 19b représentent des courbes représentatives des signaux de commande du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 16 à 18 ;
  • la figure 19c représente une courbe représentative du déplacement du dispositif de commutation selon les figures 16 à 18 ;
  • la figure 20 représente une vue en coupe d'un relais comprenant un dispositif de commutation selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 21 représente une vue en coupe d'un appareil comprenant un dispositif de commutation selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention et des moyens de déclenchement thermiques ;
  • les figures 22 à 25 représentent l'appareil selon la figure 21 dans différents états de fonctionnement ;
  • les figures 26 et 27 représentent des variantes de réalisation de l'appareil selon la figure 21 ;
  • les figures 28 et 29 représentent des variantes de réalisation du module de commande du dispositif de commutation selon une mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example, and represented in the accompanying drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a socket having a switching device of known type;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a power outlet comprising a switching device according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 3 represents a sectional view of a switching device according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 4 to 7 represent the device according to the figure 1 in different operating states;
  • the figure 8a represents a curve representative of the control signal of the switching device according to the Figures 3 to 7 ;
  • the figure 8b represents a curve representative of the displacement of the switching device according to the Figures 3 to 7 ;
  • the figure 9 represents a sectional view of a first embodiment variant of the device according to the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 10 to 12 represent sectional views of a first preferred embodiment of the device according to the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 13a represents a curve representative of the control signal of the switching device according to the Figures 10 to 12 ;
  • the figure 13b represents a curve representative of the displacement of the switching device according to the Figures 10 to 12 ;
  • the figure 14 represents a detailed view of the mobile part of the device according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 15 represents a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the device according to the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 16 to 18 represent sectional views of a second preferred embodiment of the device according to the figure 1 .
  • the Figures 19a and 19b represent representative curves of the control signals of the switching device according to the Figures 16 to 18 ;
  • the figure 19c represents a curve representative of the displacement of the switching device according to the Figures 16 to 18 ;
  • the figure 20 represents a sectional view of a relay comprising a switching device according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 21 represents a sectional view of an apparatus comprising a switching device according to an embodiment of the invention and thermal tripping means;
  • the Figures 22 to 25 represent the device according to the figure 21 in different operating states;
  • the Figures 26 and 27 represent alternative embodiments of the apparatus according to the figure 21 ;
  • the Figures 28 and 29 represent alternative embodiments of the control module of the switching device according to one embodiment of the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE D'UN MODE DE REALISATIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT

Le dispositif de commutation électrique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté sur les figures 3 à 7 est un dispositif de commutation bistable. Il peut prendre deux états de fonctionnement stables correspondant respectivement à des positions fermées ou ouvertes des bornes électriques A, B. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le dispositif de commutation 1 est constitué d'une partie fixe 2 comprenant une première embase 22 et une seconde embase 23. Les deux embases 22, 23 en matériau magnétique ou magnétisable, de préférence de forme cylindrique, sont reliées respectivement à des bornes de connexion électrique A, B. Ces bornes A, B sont elles-mêmes reliées à un circuit électrique. Les deux embases métalliques 22, 23 sont isolées électriquement l'une de l'autre. De préférence, les embases sont disposées de manière à ce que leurs faces internes 24 et 25 soient en vis à vis, par exemple en parallèle.The electrical switching device according to one embodiment of the invention presented on the Figures 3 to 7 is a bistable switching device. It can take two stable operating states respectively corresponding to closed or open positions of the electrical terminals A, B. In this embodiment, the switching device 1 consists of a fixed part 2 comprising a first base 22 and a second base 23. The two bases 22, 23 of magnetic or magnetizable material, preferably of cylindrical shape, are respectively connected to electrical connection terminals A, B. These terminals A, B are themselves connected to an electrical circuit. The two metal bases 22, 23 are electrically insulated from each other. Preferably, the bases are arranged so that their inner faces 24 and 25 are facing each other, for example in parallel.

L'espace 10 compris entre les deux embases est occupé par un dispositif d'actionnement 5. Ce dispositif est constitué selon le mode de réalisation présenté, par une bobine électrique 55 dont l'axe longitudinal Y est sensiblement perpendiculaire aux faces internes 24, 25 des embases 22, 23 de la partie fixe 2.The space 10 between the two bases is occupied by an actuating device 5. This device is constituted according to the embodiment shown, by an electric coil 55 whose longitudinal axis Y is substantially perpendicular to the inner faces 24, 25 bases 22, 23 of the fixed part 2.

La bobine électrique 55 est alimentée entre deux entrées 11 et 12 par une source d'énergie capable d'envoyer des commandes de courant ou impulsions électriques. Cette source d'énergie impulsionnelle peut être constituée notamment d'un condensateur préalablement chargé.The electric coil 55 is supplied between two inputs 11 and 12 by a power source capable of sending current commands or electrical pulses. This source of impulse energy may consist in particular of a previously charged capacitor.

Afin que des lignes d'un champ électromagnétique 62 produites par la bobine 55 puissent se refermer, les faces internes 24, 25 des embases 22, 23 sont placées de préférence au plus proche des faces radiales de la bobine 55. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, le diamètre extérieur des embases cylindriques 22, 23 est avantageusement au moins égal au diamètre extérieur de la bobine 55.In order for the lines of an electromagnetic field 62 produced by the coil 55 to be closed, the inner faces 24, 25 of the bases 22, 23 are preferably placed as close as possible to the radial faces of the coil 55. In the example of FIG. embodiment, the outside diameter of the cylindrical bases 22, 23 is advantageously at least equal to the outside diameter of the coil 55.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation présenté, afin d'obtenir un isolement électrique entre les embases 22, 23 et la bobine 55, ladite bobine est positionnée dans un support 9 en matériau isolant électrique et perméable au champ électromagnétique créé par la bobine 55 lorsque cette dernière est parcourue par un courant électrique I.In the embodiment shown, in order to obtain an electrical isolation between the bases 22, 23 and the coil 55, said coil is positioned in a support 9 made of electrically insulating material and permeable to the electromagnetic field created by the coil 55 when this last is covered by an electric current I.

Afin de pouvoir assurer la commutation électrique entre des bornes A et B, une partie mobile est positionnée dans l'espace 10 délimité par le volume situé à l'intérieur de la bobine 55 du dispositif d'actionnement 5 et entre les surfaces internes des deux embases 22, 23 de la partie fixe 2.In order to be able to switch electrically between terminals A and B, a moving part is positioned in the space delimited by the volume inside the coil 55 of the actuating device 5 and between the internal surfaces of the two bases 22, 23 of the fixed part 2.

La partie mobile du dispositif d'actionnement selon ce mode de réalisation de l'invention est constituée d'un aimant permanent 7 relié à une des deux bornes électriques A, B par un lien 8 souple. Ce lien 8 possède à la fois des caractéristiques mécaniques et électriques. Il permet un mouvement en translation de l'aimant 7 suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Y de la bobine 55 et il est utilisé d'autre part en tant que conducteur électrique de puissance entre les bornes A et B. Une des deux embases 22, 23 peut avoir une connexion électrique 85 commune avec le lien 8 souple, par exemple l'embase 22. En outre, l'embase 22 et le lien 8 peuvent être connectées à une borne électrique A.The moving part of the actuating device according to this embodiment of the invention consists of a permanent magnet 7 connected to one of the two electrical terminals A, B by a flexible link 8. This link 8 has both mechanical and electrical characteristics. It allows a translational movement of the magnet 7 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coil 55 and is used on the other hand as an electrical power conductor between the terminals A and B. One of the two bases 22, 23 may have an electrical connection 85 common with the flexible link 8, for example the base 22. In addition, the base 22 and the link 8 can be connected to an electrical terminal A.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation, comme représenté sur la figure 14, le lien souple est constitué d'une tresse métallique de forme générale cylindrique et ayant une des extrémités 26 en forme tronc conique. L'extrémité 26 est en contact électrique avec la face interne 24 de l'embase 22. L'aimant permanent 7 est fixé sur sa seconde extrémité 27 du lien souple 8.In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in the figure 14 , the flexible link consists of a metal braid of generally cylindrical shape and having one of the ends 26 in conical trunk form. The end 26 is in electrical contact with the internal face 24 of the base 22. The permanent magnet 7 is fixed on its second end 27 of the flexible link 8.

Afin d'assurer une bonne connexion électrique entre des zones de contact électrique de l'aimant et de la partie fixe, les zones de contact de l'aimant peuvent comporter des pastilles de contact électrique. Les pastilles de contact peuvent être réalisées en matériau de contact usuel comprenant notamment du cuivre ou de l'argent. Comme représenté sur la figure 14, l'extrémité 27 de tresse métallique souple est alors soudée directement sur la pastille de contact électrique entourant l'aimant 7.In order to ensure a good electrical connection between electrical contact zones of the magnet and the fixed part, the contact zones of the magnet may comprise electrical contact pads. The contact pads can be made of usual contact material including copper or silver. As shown on the figure 14 the end 27 of flexible metal braid is then soldered directly to the electrical contact pad surrounding the magnet 7.

Le déplacement de l'aimant s'effectue sur une distance totale X appelée par la suite entrefer total X. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, le pôle Nord de l'aimant est arbitrairement positionné en vis à vis de la face interne 24 de l'embase 22 et le pôle Sud de l'aimant est en vis à vis de la face interne 25 de l'embase 23. Le dispositif de commutation fonctionnera évidemment selon les mêmes principes d'actionnement si l'aimant permanent est retourné de manière à ce que son pôle Nord soit placé en vis à vis avec la face interne 25 de l'embase 23.The displacement of the magnet is effected over a total distance X, hereinafter referred to as the total air gap X. In the exemplary embodiment, the north pole of the magnet is arbitrarily positioned with respect to the internal face 24 of the magnet. 22 base and the south pole of the magnet is opposite the inner face 25 of the base 23. The switching device will obviously operate according to the same principles of actuation if the permanent magnet is returned so as to its North Pole is placed opposite with the inner face 25 of the base 23.

La distance de séparation des zones de contact, égale à l'entrefer total X, est fixée afin d'assurer des distances d'isolement du produit dans lequel est utilisé le dispositif de commutation 1. A titre d'exemple, si le dispositif de commutation 1 est destiné à la commande d'une prise de courant 40, l'entrefer est d'au moins 3 millimètres en position d'ouverture.The separation distance of the contact areas, equal to the total air gap X, is set in order to ensure isolation distances of the product in which the switching device 1 is used. By way of example, if the switching 1 is intended for the control of a socket 40, the air gap is at least 3 millimeters in the open position.

Tel que représenté sur les figures 3 et 7, le dispositif de commutation comporte deux états stables de fonctionnement. Un premier état de fonctionnement où l'aimant 7 est accolé sur la face interne 25 de l'embase 23. Un second état où l'aimant est alors accolé à la face interne 24 de l'embase 22.As shown on the figures 3 and 7 , the switching device has two stable operating states. A first state of operation where the magnet 7 is attached to the inner face 25 of the base 23. A second state where the magnet is then attached to the inner face 24 of the base 22.

Lorsque la bobine 55 n'est pas alimentée, le dispositif d'actionnement 5 est alors inopérant. L'aimant 7 se trouve alors dans une première ou une seconde position, respectivement accolé à l'embase 23 ou à l'embase 22.When the coil 55 is not powered, the actuating device 5 is then inoperative. The magnet 7 is then in a first or a second position respectively attached to the base 23 or to the base 22.

Selon le mode de réalisation schématisé sur la figure 3, les bornes A et B sont reliées électriquement l'une à l'autre via l'embase 22, le lien souple 8, une zone de contact de l'aimant permanent 7 et l'embase 23. Le dispositif de commutation est alors fermé.According to the schematized embodiment on the figure 3 the terminals A and B are electrically connected to one another via the base 22, the flexible link 8, a contact zone of the permanent magnet 7 and the base 23. The switching device is then closed .

Selon le mode de réalisation schématisé sur la figure 7, les bornes A et B ne sont plus reliées électriquement car la zone de contact de l'aimant 7 permanent n'est pas en contact avec la zone de contact de l'embase 23. Le dispositif de commutation 1 est alors ouvert.According to the schematized embodiment on the figure 7 terminals A and B are no longer electrically connected because the contact area of the permanent magnet 7 is not in contact with the contact area of the base 23. The switching device 1 is then open.

Afin d'optimiser la qualité des zones de contact électrique de la partie fixe, des pastilles de contact peuvent être disposées sur lesdites zones de contact des faces internes des embases 22, 23.In order to optimize the quality of the electrical contact zones of the fixed part, contact pads may be arranged on the said contact zones of the internal faces of the bases 22, 23.

Pour passer d'une position stable à l'autre, les étapes de fonctionnement sont les suivantes.To move from one stable position to another, the operating steps are as follows.

A titre d'exemple, pour passer d'un état fermé tel que représenté sur la figure 3, à un état ouvert tel que représenté sur la figure 7, les entrées 11 et 12 de la bobine 55 sont respectivement alimentées de manière à ce que le courant I circulant dans la bobine 55 produise un champ électromagnétique dont les lignes de champ, ont pour effet de magnétiser les embases 22 et 23. Compte tenu de la géométrie de l'ensemble et du sens du courant I dans les spires de la bobine 55, l'embase 22 devient temporairement un pôle Nord tandis l'embase 23 devient un pôle Sud. Les pôles Sud de l'aimant et de l'embase 23 se repoussent avec une force de répulsion inversement proportionnelle à une distance X1 au carré. La distance X1 correspond alors à la distance de déplacement séparant l'aimant 7 de l'embase 23. La distance X1 tend vers zéro au début du déplacement et est égale à l'entrefer total X en fin de déplacement.By way of example, to go from a closed state as represented on the figure 3 , in an open state as represented on the figure 7 , the inputs 11 and 12 of the coil 55 are respectively fed so that the current I flowing in the coil 55 produces an electromagnetic field whose field lines, have the effect of magnetizing the bases 22 and 23. Given the geometry of the assembly and the direction of the current I in the turns of the coil 55, the base 22 temporarily becomes a North pole while the base 23 becomes a South pole. The south poles of the magnet and the base 23 repel with a repulsion force inversely proportional to a distance X1 squared. The distance X1 then corresponds to the displacement distance separating the magnet 7 from the base 23. The distance X1 tends to zero at the beginning of the displacement and is equal to the total air gap X at the end of displacement.

Dès que l'aimant commence à se déplacer sous l'action de la force de répulsion, la zone de contact de la partie mobile n'est plus en contact à la zone de contact de la partie fixe, les bornes A et B ne sont donc plus reliées. Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 4, l'aimant mobile se déplace selon le sens 14 suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Y de la bobine 55. Dans une position médiane, lorsque le distance parcourue X1 est environ égale à la moitié de l'entrefer total X, les forces de répulsion respectivement Sud-Sud et Nord-Nord sont d'intensité égales et tendent à s'équilibrer.As soon as the magnet starts to move under the action of the repulsive force, the contact area of the moving part is no longer in contact with the contact area of the fixed part, terminals A and B are not therefore more connected. As shown on the figure 4 the moving magnet moves in the direction 14 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coil 55. In a median position, when the distance traveled X1 is approximately equal to half of the total gap X, the respectively South-South and North-North repulsion forces are of equal intensity and tend to equilibrate.

Les forces d'inertie s'exerçant sur l'aimant 7 en déplacement le maintiennent à une certaine vitesse ce qui lui permet de dépasser cette position médiane.The forces of inertia acting on the magnet 7 moving maintain it at a certain speed which allows it to exceed this median position.

Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 6, le sens du courant I dans la bobine est alors inversé ce qui provoque un changement du sens de rotation des lignes du champ électromagnétique produit la bobine 55. La polarité magnétique des embases 22, 23 s'inverse aussi, l'embase 22 devient un pôle Sud et l'embase 23 devient un pôle Nord.As shown on the figure 6 , the direction of the current I in the coil is then reversed which causes a change in the direction of rotation of the lines of the electromagnetic field produces the coil 55. The magnetic polarity of the bases 22, 23 also reverses, the base 22 becomes a South pole and the base 23 becomes a North Pole.

Le pôle Nord de l'aimant permanent est alors attiré par l'embase 22. Les forces d'attraction entre les pôles Nord et Sud respectivement de l'aimant et de l'embase 22 sont directement proportionnelles au carré de la distance les séparant. Ainsi, plus l'aimant 7 se rapproche de l'embase 22 plus la force d'attraction est grande.The North pole of the permanent magnet is then attracted by the base 22. The attraction forces between the North and South poles respectively of the magnet and the base 22 are directly proportional to the square of the distance separating them. Thus, more magnet 7 is closer to the base 22 plus the attraction force is large.

Dés que l'aimant est en contact avec la face interne 24 de l'embase 22, le dispositif peut cesser alors d'alimenter la bobine 55. Les embases 22 et 23 ne sont plus polarisées par la bobine et le dispositif de commutation 1 se trouve dans un nouvel état stable. Les bornes électriques A, B ne sont plus liées électriquement et le dispositif de commutation est alors ouvert.As soon as the magnet is in contact with the inner face 24 of the base 22, the device can then stop feeding the coil 55. The bases 22 and 23 are no longer polarized by the coil and the switching device 1 is found in a new stable state. The electrical terminals A, B are no longer electrically connected and the switching device is then open.

Les figures 8a et 8b représentent un schéma chronologique des différentes étapes de fonctionnement décrites ci-dessus. A l'instant f, un premier cycle C d'ordres de commande est envoyé. Une première commande de courant ou impulsion C1 est envoyée dans la bobine 55. Après un court délai correspondant au temps nécessaire à la circulation du courant électrique I dans la bobine 55, le dispositif de commutation quitte un premier état stable 70. L'aimant 7 est repoussé de l'embase 23 et se déplace en direction de la seconde embase 22. Ce déplacement, correspondant à un état instable du dispositif, se décompose en deux périodes représentées respectivement entre des instants f et g et entre des instants g et h. Pendant la période s'écoulant chronologiquement entre les instants f à g, la distance X1 parcourue par l'aimant 7 augmente grâce à la force de répulsion générée par la première impulsion C1 tel que représenté sur la figure 5. L'inertie de l'aimant 7 lui permet de parcourir une distance X1 supérieure à la moitié de l'entrefer total X tel que représenté sur la figure 6. Dans un mode particulier de réalisation du circuit de commande 45, lorsque l'aimant se trouve dans une position intermédiaire 71 où la distance X1 est de préférence supérieure à la moitié de X, une seconde commande ou impulsion C2, envoie dans la bobine un courant I circulant dans un sens contraire. En fin de course, lorsque l'aimant 7 se trouve sur l'embase 22 à l'instant h, l'alimentation de la bobine est de préférence coupée et le dispositif se trouve dans un second état stable 72. Dans ce mode de commande, la bobine 55 génère une force de répulsion suivie d'une force d'attraction.The Figures 8a and 8b represent a chronological diagram of the different stages of operation described above. At time f, a first cycle C of control commands is sent. A first current command or pulse C1 is sent into the coil 55. After a short delay corresponding to the time required for the flow of the electric current I in the coil 55, the switching device leaves a first stable state 70. The magnet 7 is pushed back from the base 23 and moves towards the second base 22. This displacement, corresponding to an unstable state of the device, is broken down into two periods respectively represented between instants f and g and between instants g and h. During the period chronologically flowing between times f to g, the distance X1 traveled by the magnet 7 increases thanks to the repulsion force generated by the first pulse C1 as represented on FIG. figure 5 . The inertia of the magnet 7 allows it to travel a distance X1 greater than half of the total air gap X as shown in FIG. figure 6 . In a particular embodiment of the control circuit 45, when the magnet is in an intermediate position 71 where the distance X1 is preferably greater than half of X, a second command or pulse C2 sends a current to the coil. I circulating in a contrary direction. At the end of the stroke, when the magnet 7 is on the base 22 at the instant h, the supply of the coil is preferably cut off and the device is in a second stable state 72. In this control mode the coil 55 generates a repulsive force followed by an attraction force.

Pour revenir à l'état stable initial 70, le même cycle C d'ordres de commande électrique C1 et C2 est envoyé. A un instant m, un courant I circulant dans la bobine provoque le déplacement de l'aimant par répulsion. Le dispositif quitte son état stable 72, traverse un état instable entre des instants m et 0 pour finalement atteindre le second état stable 70.To return to the initial stable state 70, the same cycle C of electrical control commands C1 and C2 is sent. At a moment m, a current I flowing in the coil causes the displacement of the magnet by repulsion. The device leaves its stable state 72, passes through an unstable state between instants m and 0 to finally reach the second stable state 70.

Afin de simplifier le circuit électronique de commande 45 et de réduire le nombre de composants utilisés, il peut être envisagé de réduire le nombre d'ordres de commande de chaque cycle C. En pratique, la second commande de courant ou impulsion C2 peut être supprimée. Ainsi, lorsque le dispositif se trouve dans un état intermédiaire 71, environ aux instants g ou n, la bobine 55 n'est plus alimentée. L'aimant 7 va alors continuer son déplacement sous l'effet des forces d'inertie pour finalement venir au contact de la seconde embase. Dans ce cas, la commande de la bobine ne génère que des forces de répulsion provoquant le déplacement de l'aimant 7. En fin de course, l'attraction de l'aimant 7 sur les embases en matériaux magnétiques ou magnétisable se produit sans l'action de la bobine.In order to simplify the electronic control circuit 45 and to reduce the number of components used, it can be envisaged to reduce the number of control commands of each cycle C. In practice, the second current command or pulse C2 can be suppressed . So when the device is in an intermediate state 71, about the instants g or n, the coil 55 is no longer powered. The magnet 7 will then continue its displacement under the effect of the inertial forces to finally come into contact with the second base. In this case, the control of the coil only generates repulsive forces causing the displacement of the magnet 7. At the end of the stroke, the attraction of the magnet 7 on the bases of magnetic or magnetizable materials occurs without the action of the coil.

Le dispositif tel que représenté sur les figures 3 à 7 est particulièrement destiné à des télérupteurs électriques.The device as represented on the Figures 3 to 7 is particularly intended for electric remote switches.

Selon une première variante de réalisation représentée sur la figure 9, des plots 13 sont disposés en saillie sur les faces internes des embases 22 et 23. Cette structure permet de réduire la longueur de l'aimant permanent tout en gardant la même longueur de l'entrefer total X. Cela permet notamment de réduire les coûts de l'aimant permanent 7.According to a first embodiment variant represented on the figure 9 , studs 13 are arranged projecting on the inner faces of the bases 22 and 23. This structure reduces the length of the permanent magnet while keeping the same length of the total air gap X. This in particular reduces costs of the permanent magnet 7.

En outre, afin de permettre aux lignes de champ électromagnétique de se refermer et de magnétiser les embases 22, 23, une paroi latérale en matériau magnétisable 60 s'étend entre les deux embases 22, 23. Afin d'éviter un court-circuit entre les bornes A et B, une partie isolante 9 est intercalée entre les embases.In addition, in order to allow the electromagnetic field lines to close and magnetize the bases 22, 23, a side wall of magnetizable material 60 extends between the two bases 22, 23. In order to avoid a short circuit between terminals A and B, an insulating portion 9 is interposed between the bases.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation préférentiel, le dispositif d'actionnement 5 comprend une bobine 55 dont le bobinage est réalisé en deux tronçons 56, 57. L'enroulement du fil sur le premier tronçon 56, se fait dans un premier sens de rotation et l'enroulement du fil sur le second tronçon 57 se fait dans un second sens de rotation contraire au premier. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 10 à 12, les longueurs des deux enroulements sont sensiblement égales.According to a first preferred embodiment, the actuating device 5 comprises a coil 55 whose winding is made in two sections 56, 57. The winding of the wire on the first section 56, is in a first direction of rotation and the winding of the wire on the second section 57 is in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first. In the embodiment shown on the Figures 10 to 12 the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal.

A titre d'exemple, pour passer d'un état fermé tel que représenté sur la figure 10 à un état ouvert tel que représenté sur la figure 12, le mode de fonctionnement du dispositif est alors le suivant. Chronologiquement, comme cela est représenté sur les figures 13a et 13b, à un instant e, avant d'envoyer un ordre de commande au dispositif d'actionnement 5, ledit dispositif se trouve dans un premier état stable 70.By way of example, to go from a closed state as represented on the figure 10 in an open state as represented on the figure 12 , the operating mode of the device is then the following. Chronologically, as shown on the Figures 13a and 13b at an instant e, before sending an order to the actuating device 5, said device is in a first stable state 70.

A un instant f, un premier ordre de commande C1 est envoyé à la bobine 55 via les entrées 11, 12. Après un court délai correspondant au temps nécessaire à la circulation du courant électrique I dans la bobine 55, les champs électromagnétiques locaux créés par les deux tronçons d'enroulement 56, 57 de la bobine 55 permettent de magnétiser les embases 22 et 23 avec des pôles magnétiques identiques. En effet, les deux tronçons de bobinages créent respectivement des champs magnétiques locaux dont les lignes de champ 62, 63 tournent dans des sens contraires. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, comme représenté sur la figure 11, l'embase 22 ainsi que l'embase 23 deviennent des pôles Sud.At a time f, a first control command C1 is sent to the coil 55 via the inputs 11, 12. After a short delay corresponding to the time required for the circulation of the electric current I in the coil 55, the local electromagnetic fields created by the two winding sections 56, 57 of the coil 55 make it possible to magnetize the bases 22 and 23 with identical magnetic poles. Indeed, the two winding sections respectively create local magnetic fields whose field lines 62, 63 rotate in opposite directions. In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in the figure 11 the base 22 and the base 23 become South poles.

Une force de répulsion est générée entre le pôle Sud de l'aimant 7 et le pole Sud de l'embase 23. Cette force tend à repousser l'aimant qui se trouve en contact avec la face interne 25 de l'embase 23 suivant la direction 14. D'autre part, une force d'attraction est générée entre le pôle Nord de l'aimant 7 et le pole Sud de l'embase 22. Cette force tend à attirer l'aimant vers l'embase 22.A repulsion force is generated between the South pole of the magnet 7 and the South pole of the base 23. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 25 of the base 23 according to the direction 14. On the other hand, a force of attraction is generated between the North pole of the magnet 7 and the South pole of the base 22. This force tends to attract the magnet towards the base 22.

Ainsi l'aimant est soumis simultanément à deux forces électromagnétiques qui agissent en même temps et dans la même direction pour le faire déplacer dans le même sens 14.Thus the magnet is simultaneously subjected to two electromagnetic forces which act at the same time and in the same direction to move it in the same direction 14.

Le dispositif de commutation 1 quitte alors le premier état stable 70. L'aimant 7 repoussé de la première embase, commence à se déplacer en direction de la seconde embase. Ce déplacement, correspondant à un état instable du dispositif, compris entre les instants f et h1.The switching device 1 then leaves the first stable state 70. The magnet 7 pushed back from the first base, begins to move toward the second base. This displacement, corresponding to an unstable state of the device, between the instants f and h1.

En fin de course, lorsque l'aimant se positionne sur l'embase 22 à l'instant h1, les bornes A, B sont alors ouvertes et le dispositif se trouve dans un état stable ouvert 72. Ensuite, à l'instant h2, l'alimentation de la bobine peut être alors coupée et les embases ne sont plus polarisées par ladite bobine.At the end of the stroke, when the magnet is positioned on the base 22 at time h1, the terminals A, B are then open and the device is in an open stable state 72. Then, at time h2, the supply of the coil can then be cut off and the bases are no longer polarized by said coil.

La durée de l'impulsion C1 entre les instants f et h2 est alors avantageusement supérieure à la durée de la course totale de l'aimant 7 se déplaçant de la première embase vers la seconde embase.The duration of the pulse C1 between the instants f and h2 is then advantageously greater than the duration of the total travel of the magnet 7 moving from the first base to the second base.

Pour refermer les bornes électriques A, B du dispositif de commutation 1, un second ordre de commande C2 est envoyé à un instant m. Le sens du courant électrique I circulant dans la bobine 55 est alors inversé comme cela est représenté sur la figure 12. Le pôle Nord de l'aimant qui se trouve en contact avec la face interne de l'embase 22 se trouve repousser suivant le sens 14. En outre, l'aimant 7 est attiré par l'embase 23. Lorsque à l'instant O1, l'aimant 7 vient au contact avec la face interne 25 de l'embase 23, les bornes A, B sont à nouveau en position fermée. Ensuite, l'alimentation de la bobine 55 peut être alors coupée à l'instant 02 et les embases 22, 23 ne sont plus polarisées par ladite bobine.To close the electrical terminals A, B of the switching device 1, a second control command C2 is sent at a time m. The direction of the electric current I flowing in the coil 55 is then reversed as shown in FIG. figure 12 . The north pole of the magnet which is in contact with the inner face of the base 22 is pushed back along the direction 14. In addition, the magnet 7 is attracted by the base 23. When at the moment O1 , the magnet 7 comes into contact with the inner face 25 of the base 23, the terminals A, B are again in the closed position. Then, the supply of the coil 55 can then be cut off at the instant 02 and the bases 22, 23 are no longer polarized by said coil.

Les figures 15 à 18 représentent des modes de réalisation du dispositif de commutation 1 destiné à être utilisé dans un socle 29 d'une prise de courant 40. Les embases 22, 23 du dispositif de commutation 1 comprennent alors respectivement une douille 31 et une borne d'alimentation 30. Les bornes d'alimentation 30 comprennent des moyens de fixation 32 des câbles ou fils d'alimentation.The Figures 15 to 18 represent embodiments of the switching device 1 for use in a socket 29 of a socket 40. The bases 22, 23 of the switching device 1 then comprise respectively a socket 31 and a power supply terminal 30. The power supply terminals 30 comprise means 32 for fixing the cables or supply wires.

Sur la figure 15, une variante de réalisation du dispositif d'actionnement 5 comprend deux bobines 58, 59 adjacentes et reliées électriquement. L'enroulement du fil du bobinage de ces deux bobines 58, 59 génèrent des champs magnétiques opposés. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 15, les longueurs des deux enroulements sont sensiblement égales. Les entrées électriques 11, 12 du dispositif d'actionnement sont reliées respectivement aux bobines 58 et 59. Le fonctionnement de cette variante est similaire à celui du premier mode préférentiel tel que représenté sur les figures 10 à 12 et décrit ci-dessus.On the figure 15 , an alternative embodiment of the actuating device 5 comprises two coils 58, 59 adjacent and electrically connected. The winding of the winding wire of these two coils 58, 59 generate opposite magnetic fields. In the embodiment shown on the figure 15 the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal. The electrical inputs 11, 12 of the actuating device are respectively connected to the coils 58 and 59. The operation of this variant is similar to that of the first preferred embodiment as shown in FIGS. Figures 10 to 12 and described above.

Selon un second mode préférentiel de réalisation de l'invention représenté sur les figures 16 à 18, le dispositif d'actionnement 5 comprend deux bobines 58, 59 adjacentes et indépendantes électriquement. Les bobines 58, 59 sont respectivement alimentées électriquement entre des entrées 11a, 12a et 11b, 12b. Le sens d'enroulement du fil des bobinages des deux bobines 58, 59 ainsi que le choix de polarité électrique des entrées 11a, 11b, 12a et 12b permet de déplacer l'aimant 7 de l'embase 22 vers l'embase 23 et réciproquement. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 16, les sens d'enroulement du fil des bobinages des deux bobines 58, 59 sont contraires et les longueurs des deux enroulements sont sensiblement égales.According to a second preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 16 to 18 the actuating device 5 comprises two coils 58, 59 adjacent and electrically independent. The coils 58, 59 are respectively electrically powered between inputs 11a, 12a and 11b, 12b. The winding direction of the winding wire of the two coils 58, 59 as well as the choice of electrical polarity of the inputs 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b makes it possible to move the magnet 7 of the base 22 towards the base 23 and reciprocally . In the embodiment shown on the figure 16 the winding directions of the winding wire of the two coils 58, 59 are opposite and the lengths of the two windings are substantially equal.

Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 17, le dispositif est dans un premier état stable 70, les bornes A et B sont en position ouverte. Pour passer de la position ouverte à une position fermée, le mode de fonctionnement du dispositif est alors le suivant. Sur la figure 19A, un premier ordre de commande ou impulsion C11 est envoyé à la bobine 58, les bornes 11a et 12a sont alors alimentées respectivement négativement et positivement. Le courant électrique I circulant dans la bobine 58, génère un champ magnétique local. Ledit champ permet de magnétiser le plot 13 de l'embase 22. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, comme représenté sur la figure 17, le plot de l'embase 22 devient alors un pôle Nord. L'embase 23 n'a pas de polarité magnétique.As shown on the figure 17 the device is in a first stable state 70, the terminals A and B are in the open position. To move from the open position to a closed position, the operating mode of the device is then as follows. On the figure 19A a first control command or pulse C11 is sent to the coil 58, the terminals 11a and 12a are respectively fed negatively and positively. The electric current I flowing in the coil 58 generates a local magnetic field. Said field makes it possible to magnetize the pad 13 of the base 22. In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. figure 17 the stud of the base 22 then becomes a North pole. The base 23 has no magnetic polarity.

Une force de répulsion est générée entre le pôle Nord de l'aimant et le pole Nord de l'embase 22. Cette force tend à repousser l'aimant qui se trouve en contact avec la face interne 24 de l'embase 22. L'aimant est soumis à une force électromagnétique qui tend à le faire déplacer dans le sens de déplacement 14.A repulsion force is generated between the North pole of the magnet and the North pole of the base 22. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 24 of the base 22. The magnet is subjected to an electromagnetic force which tends to cause it to move in the direction of travel 14.

Après s'être déplacé entre les deux embases, l'aimant se positionne sur l'embase 23, les bornes A, B sont alors fermées. L'alimentation des bobines peut être alors coupée, le pôle magnétique de l'embase 22 disparaît. Le dispositif se trouve dans un état stable fermé 72 avec l'aimant en contact avec l'embase 23.After moving between the two bases, the magnet is positioned on the base 23, the terminals A, B are then closed. The supply of the coils can then be cut off, the magnetic pole of the base 22 disappears. The device is in a closed stable state 72 with the magnet in contact with the base 23.

Afin d'ouvrir le dispositif, un second ordre de commande C22 est envoyé à la seconde bobine 59 comme cela est représenté sur la figure 19B. Les bornes 11b et 12b sont alors alimentées respectivement positivement et négativement. Le courant électrique I circulant dans la bobine 59, génère un champ magnétique local. Ledit champ permet de magnétiser le plot 13 de l'embase 23. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, comme représenté sur la figure 18, le plot de l'embase 23 devient alors un pôle Sud. L'embase 22 n'a pas de polarité magnétique.In order to open the device, a second control command C22 is sent to the second coil 59 as shown in FIG. figure 19B . The terminals 11b and 12b are respectively powered respectively positively and negatively. The electric current I flowing in the coil 59 generates a local magnetic field. Said field makes it possible to magnetize the stud 13 of the base 23. In the embodiment example, as shown in FIG. figure 18 the stud of the base 23 then becomes a South pole. The base 22 has no magnetic polarity.

Une force de répulsion est générée entre le pôle sud de l'aimant et le pole Sud de l'embase 23. Cette force tend à repousser l'aimant qui se trouve en contact avec la face interne 25 de l'embase 23. L'aimant est soumis à une force électromagnétique qui tend à le faire déplacer dans le sens de déplacement 14.A repulsion force is generated between the south pole of the magnet and the south pole of the base 23. This force tends to push the magnet which is in contact with the inner face 25 of the base 23. magnet is subjected to an electromagnetic force which tends to cause it to move in the direction of travel 14.

Après s'être déplacé entre les deux embases, l'aimant se positionne sur l'embase 22, les bornes A, B sont alors ouvertes. L'alimentation des bobines peut être alors coupée, le pôle magnétique de l'embase 23 disparaît. Le dispositif se trouve dans un état stable ouvert 70 avec l'aimant en contact avec l'embase 22.After moving between the two bases, the magnet is positioned on the base 22, the terminals A, B are then open. The supply of the coils can then be cut off, the magnetic pole of the base 23 disappears. The device is in an open stable state 70 with the magnet in contact with the base 22.

Dans ce mode de réalisation de l'invention, à chaque commande de répulsion provoquant un déplacement de l'aimant entre les embases 23 et 22, un seul ordre de commande C11 ou C22 est envoyé à une seule des deux bobines 58 ou 59.In this embodiment of the invention, at each repulsion control causing a displacement of the magnet between the bases 23 and 22, a single control command C11 or C22 is sent to only one of the two coils 58 or 59.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, notamment un relais, représentée sur la figure 20, le lien souple 8 est reliée à une troisième borne électrique C distincte des bornes A et B. Un isolant électrique supplémentaire 99 est alors utilisé pour séparer le lien souple 8 de l'embase 22 sur laquelle le lien était précédemment fixé. L'aimant possède alors deux zones de contact électrique pouvant collaborer respectivement avec les deux embases 22, 23. Le déplacement de la partie mobile 2, notamment de l'aimant 7 d'une première position stable à une seconde position stable permet de relier successivement les bornes A et C puis les bornes C et B. Dans l'exemple de réalisation présenté, Les bornes électriques sont soudées sur une plaque de circuit imprimé 101 servant de support à un capot 100 enfermant le dispositif de commutation 1 dit inverseur.In another variant embodiment of the invention, in particular a relay, represented on the figure 20 , the flexible link 8 is connected to a third electrical terminal C distinct from the terminals A and B. An additional electrical insulator 99 is then used to separate the flexible link 8 from the base 22 on which the link was previously fixed. The magnet then has two electrical contact areas that can collaborate respectively with the two bases 22, 23. The displacement of the movable portion 2, in particular of the magnet 7 from a first stable position to a second stable position allows successively connecting terminals A and C and terminals C and B. In the embodiment shown, the electrical terminals are soldered to a printed circuit board 101 serving to support a cover 100 enclosing the switching device 1 said inverter.

Les dispositifs tels que représentés sur les figures 10 à 20 sont particulièrement destinés à des relais électriques dits bistables.The devices as represented on the Figures 10 to 20 are particularly intended for so-called bistable electrical relays.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention représentée sur les figures 21 à 26, un appareil électrique comprend un dispositif de commutation 1 et des moyens thermiques de déclenchement 73 ainsi que des moyens de réarmement 80.In another variant embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 21 to 26 an electrical apparatus comprises a switching device 1 and thermal triggering means 73 as well as resetting means 80.

Les moyens thermiques de déclenchement 73 permettent d'ouvrir les bornes A et B en cas de surcharge électrique du dispositif de commutation 1. Ils comprennent un bilame 75 associé à un axe de commande 76.The thermal tripping means 73 make it possible to open the terminals A and B in the event of an electrical overload of the switching device 1. They include a bimetal 75 associated with a control pin 76.

Comme représenté sur les figures 21 à 25, le bilame 75 peut être relié directement à une des bornes électriques B du dispositif de commutation 1. En outre, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 26, le bilame 75 peut ne pas être contact électrique avec les bornes électriques A, B. Un bobinage 81 entourant le bilame 75 est alors relié directement à une des bornes électriques B.As shown on Figures 21 to 25 bimetal 75 can be connected directly to one of the electrical terminals B of the switching device 1. In addition, as shown in FIG. figure 26 the bimetallic strip 75 may not be in electrical contact with the electrical terminals A, B. A coil 81 surrounding the bimetal strip 75 is then connected directly to one of the electrical terminals B.

L'axe de commande 76 est un isolant électrique. Une première extrémité dudit axe est reliée de façon permanente au bilame 75. L'axe longitudinal de l'axe de commande 76 est de préférence confondu avec l'axe longitudinal Y des bobines 58, 59. En outre, l'axe de commande 76 est monté coulissant à travers une des embases, de préférence l'embase 23.The control shaft 76 is an electrical insulator. A first end of said axis is permanently connected to the bimetal 75. The longitudinal axis of the control axis 76 is preferably coincident with the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59. In addition, the control axis 76 is slidably mounted through one of the bases, preferably the base 23.

Un passage d'un courant électrique trop important à l'intérieur du bilame 75 ou à l'intérieur du bobinage 81 provoque un échauffement dudit bilame et donc sa déformation. Cette déformation du bilame 75 est transmise à l'axe de commande 76 via sa première extrémité et provoque un mouvement en translation dudit axe 76 selon une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Y des bobines 58, 59.A passage of an excessive electric current inside the bimetallic strip 75 or inside the coil 81 causes heating of said bimetallic strip and therefore its deformation. This deformation of the bimetal 75 is transmitted to the control shaft 76 via its first end and causes a translational movement of said axis 76 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59.

Ainsi, suivant les positions respectives de l'aimant 7 et de l'axe de commande 76, la seconde extrémité dudit axe peut être en contact avec ledit aimant.Thus, according to the respective positions of the magnet 7 and the control axis 76, the second end of said axis may be in contact with said magnet.

Les moyens mécaniques de réarmement 80 permettent de fermer manuellement les bornes A et B lorsque l'aimant se trouve sur l'embase 22. Les moyens mécaniques de réarmement 80 comprennent un bouton de pression 77 pouvant agir sur un second axe de commande 79 par l'intermédiaire de moyens élastiques 78. Une première extrémité du second axe de commande 79 est reliée de façon permanente aux moyens élastiques 78. L'axe longitudinal de l'axe de commande 79 est de préférence confondu avec l'axe longitudinal Y des bobines 58, 59. En outre, l'axe de commande 79 est monté coulissant à travers une des embases, de préférence l'embase 22. Une action sur le bouton de pression 77 est transmise à l'axe de commande 79 via sa première extrémité et provoque un mouvement en translation dudit axe 79 selon une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Y des bobines 58, 59.The mechanical resetting means 80 make it possible to manually close the terminals A and B when the magnet is on the base 22. The mechanical resetting means 80 comprise a pressure button 77 which can act on a second control axis 79 by intermediate elastic means 78. A first end of the second control axis 79 is permanently connected to the elastic means 78. The longitudinal axis of the control axis 79 is preferably coincident with the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58 , 59. In addition, the control shaft 79 is slidably mounted through one of the bases, preferably the base 22. An action on the pressure button 77 is transmitted to the control shaft 79 via its first end and causes a movement in translation of said axis 79 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis Y of the coils 58, 59.

La figure 21 représente le dispositif en position stable de fonctionnement. Les bornes A et B sont alors fermées, le bilame 75 n'a pas subi de déformation due à un quelconque échauffement.The figure 21 represents the device in stable operating position. Terminals A and B are then closed, bimetal 75 has not undergone any deformation due to any heating.

Lorsque le dispositif est soumis à une surcharge électrique, le bilame 75 se déforme comme cela est représenté sur la figure 22. Cette déformation du bilame 75 tend alors à faire déplacer l'axe de commande 76 vers l'aimant 7. Une force de décollement croissante FB s'applique alors sur l'aimant 7 par l'intermédiaire de l'axe de commande 76. Cette force FB tend à s'opposer à la force d'attraction magnétique FA de l'aimant sur la première embase 23. La force FA dépend directement des caractéristiques intrinsèques de l'aimant 7.When the device is subjected to an electrical overload, bimetal 75 is deformed as shown in FIG. figure 22 . This deformation of the bimetal 75 then tends to cause the control pin 76 to move towards the magnet 7. An increasing separation force FB then applies to the magnet 7 via the control pin 76. force FB tends to oppose the magnetic attraction force FA of the magnet on the first base 23. The force FA directly depends on the intrinsic characteristics of the magnet 7.

Au début de l'échauffement, lorsque la déformation du bilame 75 est encore faible, la force de décollement FB est très inférieure à la force d'attraction magnétique FA. Au fur et à mesure que le bilame 75 se déforme, la force FB croît. Au-delà d'une certaine déformation, l'intensité de la force FB devient très supérieure à la force FA et provoque un brusque décollement de l'aimant 7 de la première embase 22. Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 23, l'aimant 7 va se coller sur la seconde embase 22. Le dispositif de commutation 1 est alors ouvert.At the beginning of the heating, when the deformation of the bimetallic strip 75 is still small, the release force FB is much lower than the magnetic attraction force FA. As the bimetallic strip 75 deforms, the FB force increases. Beyond a certain deformation, the intensity of the force FB becomes much greater than the force FA and causes a sudden detachment of the magnet 7 of the first base 22. As shown in FIG. figure 23 the magnet 7 will stick on the second base 22. The switching device 1 is then open.

Le réarmement du dispositif peut être fait grâce à deux types de moyens. On peut utiliser d'une part les moyens électriques de commutation 58, 59 tels que représentés sur la figure 24 ou d'autre part les moyens mécaniques de réarmement 80 tels que représentés sur la figure 25.The rearming of the device can be done through two types of means. On the one hand, the switching electrical means 58, 59 as shown in FIG. figure 24 or on the other hand the mechanical resetting means 80 as represented on the figure 25 .

Lorsque le bouton de pression 77 est enfoncé, les moyens élastiques 78 ayant subi une déformation exercent une force de compression FP sur le second axe de commande 79. Cette force de compression FP agit alors directement sur l'aimant 7 qui se trouve sur l'embase 22 et tend à le décoller de cette dernière. La raideur des moyens élastiques 78 est calibrée de manière à pouvoir décoller l'aimant 7 de l'embase 22 lorsque la force FB exercée sur l'aimant 7 par le premier axe de transmission 76 est minimale. Autrement dit, si le bilame 75 n'a pas retrouvé sa forme d'origine et exerce encore une force FB sur l'aimant 7 via l'axe de commande 76, les moyens mécaniques de réarmement 80 sont inopérants.When the pressure button 77 is depressed, the elastic means 78 having undergone deformation exert a compression force FP on the second control axis 79. This compression force FP then acts directly on the magnet 7 which is on the base 22 and tends to take off the latter. The stiffness of the elastic means 78 is calibrated so as to be able to take off the magnet 7 from the base 22 when the force FB exerted on the magnet 7 by the first transmission axis 76 is minimal. In other words, if the bimetal 75 has not returned to its original shape and still exerts a force FB on the magnet 7 via the control shaft 76, the mechanical resetting means 80 are inoperative.

Si le défaut électrique provoquant la surcharge est éliminé, le bilame 75 va se refroidir et retrouver sa forme initiale. La force de décollement FB tend vers zéro.If the electrical fault causing the overload is eliminated, bimetal 75 will cool down and return to its original shape. The detachment force FB tends to zero.

Ce type d'appareil comprend alors deux types de réarmement. Un réarmement mécanique 80 à l'aide du bouton de pression 77 et un réarmement électromagnétique composé essentiellement du dispositif de commutation 1.This type of device then comprises two types of rearming. A mechanical reset 80 using the pressure button 77 and an electromagnetic reset consisting essentially of the switching device 1.

En outre, le dispositif de commutation 1 garde aussi ses fonctions initiales de commande d'ouverture et de fermeture à distance. La commande électrique des bobines 58 et 59 peut être faite à distance alors que les moyens mécaniques de réarmement 80 sont préférentiellement commandés par un opérateur situé à côté du dispositif.In addition, the switching device 1 also retains its original remote opening and closing control functions. The electrical control of the coils 58 and 59 can be made remotely while the mechanical resetting means 80 are preferably controlled by an operator located next to the device.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention représentée sur la figure 27, un appareil électrique comprend un dispositif de commutation 1 et des moyens thermiques de déclenchement. Ce type d'appareil est particulièrement destiné à être utilisé comme un disjoncteur thermique ou comme un thermostat électrique. Les moyens thermiques de déclenchement 82 permettent d'ouvrir les bornes A et B en cas d'augmentation de la température ambiante du milieu dans lequel se situe ledit appareil. Les moyens thermiques de déclenchement 82 sont associés à un axe de commande 76. Comme dans l'exemple précédent, la déformation des moyens thermiques de déclenchement 82 due à une augmentation de la température entraîne un déplacement de l'axe de commande 76 qui agit sur la partie mobile, notamment l'aimant 7 du dispositif de commutation 1.In another embodiment of the invention shown in the figure 27 , an electrical apparatus comprises a switching device 1 and thermal triggering means. This type of device is particularly intended to be used as a thermal circuit breaker or as an electric thermostat. The thermal triggering means 82 allow terminals A and B to be opened if the ambient temperature of the medium in which the device is located increases. The thermal tripping means 82 are associated with a control axis 76. As in the previous example, the deformation of the thermal triggering means 82 due to an increase in the temperature causes a displacement of the control axis 76 which acts on the moving part, in particular the magnet 7 of the switching device 1.

Les figures 28 et 29 représentent des variantes de réalisation d'un module de commande 45 du dispositif d'actionnement 5.The Figures 28 and 29 represent alternative embodiments of a control module 45 of the actuating device 5.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation tel que représenté sur la figure 28, le module de commande 45 est notamment destiné à commander des dispositifs de commutation selon les figures 10 à 12. Il comprend un circuit 88 composé de quatre transistors 91 de puissance montés de manière connue en H. Les bobinages 56, 57 sont connectées auxdits transistors. Les transistors 91 sont commandés via un circuit de contrôle 87 alimenté par une source 86 et recevant des ordres de commande d'un module de réception 46.According to a first embodiment as represented on the figure 28 , the control module 45 is in particular intended to control switching devices according to the Figures 10 to 12 . It comprises a circuit 88 composed of four power transistors 91 mounted in a known manner in H. The coils 56, 57 are connected to said transistors. The transistors 91 are controlled via a control circuit 87 powered by a source 86 and receiving control commands from a reception module 46.

Selon un second mode de réalisation tel que représenté sur la figure 29, le module de commande 45 est notamment destiné à commander des dispositifs de commutation selon les figures 16 à 18. Il comprend un circuit 88 composé de deux transistors 91 de puissance reliés respectivement aux bobines 58 et 59. Les transistors sont commandés via un circuit de contrôle 87 alimenté par une source 86 et recevant ces ordres de commande d'un module de réception 46.According to a second embodiment as shown in the figure 29 , the control module 45 is in particular intended to control switching devices according to the Figures 16 to 18 . It comprises a circuit 88 composed of two power transistors 91 connected respectively to the coils 58 and 59. The transistors are controlled via a control circuit 87 supplied by a source 86 and receiving these control commands from a receiving module 46.

Le dispositif de commutation 1 selon les différents modes de réalisation de l'invention, peut être destiné à la commande de prises de courant électrique 40. La figure 2 représente une prise de courant électrique dans laquelle a été placé un dispositif de commutation 1 selon les modes de réalisation de l'invention. Ledit dispositif de commutation 1 est placé respectivement entre les douilles 31 et les bornes d'alimentation 30 et permet donc de couper simultanément ou séparément les deux pôles électriques de la prise de courant 40.The switching device 1 according to the various embodiments of the invention may be intended for the control of electrical outlets 40. The figure 2 represents an electrical socket in which has been placed a switching device 1 according to the embodiments of the invention. Said switching device 1 is placed respectively between the bushings 31 and the supply terminals 30 and thus makes it possible to cut simultaneously or separately the two electrical poles of the socket 40.

Un module de commande 45 placé dans le volume 28 et alimenté entre les bornes 30, permet de piloter l'ouverture ou la fermeture du dispositif de commutation 1.A control module 45 placed in the volume 28 and supplied between the terminals 30 makes it possible to control the opening or closing of the switching device 1.

Des ordres externes de commande électrique des dispositifs de commutation peuvent être reçus notamment par des modules de réception 46 reliés au module de commande 45. Des ordres externes peuvent aussi être transmis par d'autres moyens tels que les courants porteurs.External commands for electrical control of the switching devices can be received in particular by receiving modules 46 connected to the control module 45. External commands can also be transmitted by other means such as the carrier currents.

Claims (21)

  1. A bistable switching device (1) comprising a contact block having a fixed part connected to at least one electrical terminal and having at least one electrical contact area able to be in contact with a contact area of a movable part, an actuating device (5) enabling the movable part to be moved from a closed position to an open position of said electrical contact areas, characterized in that:
    - the fixed part comprises an actuating device (5) having at least one electromagnetic coil (55, 58, 59) placed between two base parts (22, 23) made from magnetic or magnetisable material and electrically insulated from one another, the electromagnetic coil or coils (55, 58, 59) being able to magnetise said base parts (22, 23);
    - the movable part comprises at least one movable magnet (7) placed inside said at least one electromagnetic coil (55, 58, 59) and having at least one electrical contact area electrically connected to a first electrical terminal (A, C),
    - the movable magnet (7) moving from one base part to the other between two stable positions each corresponding to a distinct electrical state of the switching device (1),
    - and in at least one of the two stable positions , said movable magnet (7) being in electrical contact with one of the base parts (22, 23) connected to a second electrical terminal (A, B).
  2. The switching device according to claim 1 characterized in that the actuating device (5) comprises an electrical coil (55) having a winding designed to create a magnetic field (62, 63) to polarise the base parts (22, 23) with opposite magnetic polarities.
  3. The switching device according to claim 1 characterized in that the actuating device (5) comprises an electrical coil (55) having two sections of winding (56, 57) connected in series and having opposite winding directions so that said sections respectively create opposite magnetic fields (62, 63).
  4. The switching device according to claim 1 characterized in that the actuating device (5) comprises two coaxial electric coils (58, 59) connected in such a way as to create opposite magnetic fields (62, 63).
  5. The switching device according to claims 3 or 4 characterized in that the base parts (22, 23) have the same magnetic polarities.
  6. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that, in one of the two stable positions, the magnet (7) comprises an electrical contact area in contact with a contact area connected to a second electrical terminal (B).
  7. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that in each of the two stable positions, the magnet (7) comprises an electrical contact area in contact with a contact area respectively connected to a second electrical terminal (A, B).
  8. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that, respectively in each stable position, the magnet (7) operates a magnetic attraction with one of the two base parts (22, 23).
  9. The switching device according to claim 8 characterized in that in the metal base parts (22, 23) are respectively connected to two distinct connection terminals (A, B).
  10. The switching device according to claim 9 characterized in that the magnet (7) is electrically connected to one of the base parts (22, 23) by a flexible connecting link (8).
  11. The switching device according to claim 9 characterized in that the magnet (7) is electrically connected to a third electrical terminal (C) by a flexible connecting link (8).
  12. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that the movable magnet moves in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (Y) of the coils (55, 58, 59) and inside the coils (55, 58, 59) of the actuating device (5).
  13. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that the metal base parts (22, 23) have studs (13) positioned salient on their inside faces (24, 25), the studs (13) of said base parts being placed facing one another and aligned with the longitudinal axis (Y) of the coils (55, 58, 59).
  14. The switching device according to any one of the foregoing claims characterized in that a side wall made from magnetisable material (60) extends between the two electrically insulated base parts (22, 23).
  15. A relay comprising at least two electrical contact terminals (A, B, C) and at least two electrical control inputs (11, 12, 11 a, 12b) characterized in that it comprises a switching device (1) according to the foregoing claims, the coils (55, 58, 59) of said device being connected to the control inputs (11, 12, 1 1a, 12b) and the base parts (22, 23) of said device being connected to the contact terminals (A, B).
  16. An electrical apparatus comprising thermal tripping means (73) and resetting means (80) characterized in that it comprises a switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14 associated with the thermal tripping means (73) and with the resetting means (80).
  17. The electrical apparatus according to claim 16 characterized in that the resetting means (80) comprise a push-button (77) acting on the movable part of the switching device (1) via control means (79).
  18. The electrical apparatus according to claim 16 characterized in that the thermal tripping means (73) comprise a bimetal strip (75) acting on the movable magnet (7) via control means (76).
  19. The electrical apparatus according to claim 16 characterized in that the thermal tripping means (73) are electrically connected to one of the electrical terminals (B).
  20. A current socket (40) comprising a base (29) on which there are fixed at least two sleeves (31) connected to connection terminals (A, B) characterized in that it comprises a switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 14 connected between at least one sleeve (31) and a connection terminal (30).
  21. The current socket (40) according to claim 20 characterized in that it comprises a control module (45) connected to the control inputs (11, 12) of the actuating device (5) of the switching device (1), the control module (45) sending a single repulsion control order or two consecutive repulsion and attraction control orders or two simultaneous repulsion and attraction control orders.
EP05354007A 2004-04-01 2005-02-10 Switching arrangement, relay, socket and electrical apparatuses containing such an arrangement Active EP1583127B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403433A FR2868595B1 (en) 2004-04-01 2004-04-01 ELECTRICAL SWITCHING DEVICE, RELAY, POWER SOCKET AND ELECTRICAL DEVICES COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
FR0403433 2004-04-01

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EP1583127B1 true EP1583127B1 (en) 2010-01-06

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US (1) US7283027B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1583127B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100573770C (en)
AT (1) ATE454704T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005201590B2 (en)
DE (1) DE602005018705D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2868595B1 (en)

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US20130321120A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Art-Sea Industrial Company Limited Thermostat
DE102012107281B4 (en) * 2012-08-08 2014-03-06 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Bistable electromagnetic actuator, armature assembly and camshaft adjuster
CN103337425A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-10-02 宁波市镇海怡福莱文化创意有限公司 Electromagnetic direct-drive protector
US10372021B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2019-08-06 Anthony S Lenzo Triple axis magnetic actuator through non-metallic substrate
CN108515937A (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-09-11 刘书林 Vehicular electric oil pump with remote-controlled automobile-used hidden burglar alarm

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DE602005018705D1 (en) 2010-02-25
ATE454704T1 (en) 2010-01-15
CN100573770C (en) 2009-12-23
AU2005201590A1 (en) 2005-10-20
US7283027B2 (en) 2007-10-16
US20050219022A1 (en) 2005-10-06
AU2005201590B2 (en) 2009-07-23
FR2868595A1 (en) 2005-10-07
FR2868595B1 (en) 2013-10-18
EP1583127A1 (en) 2005-10-05
CN1677602A (en) 2005-10-05

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