EP1561031A1 - Axialkolbenmaschine, r ckzugplatte und verfahren zum herstel len einer r ckzugplatte - Google Patents
Axialkolbenmaschine, r ckzugplatte und verfahren zum herstel len einer r ckzugplatteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1561031A1 EP1561031A1 EP03776894A EP03776894A EP1561031A1 EP 1561031 A1 EP1561031 A1 EP 1561031A1 EP 03776894 A EP03776894 A EP 03776894A EP 03776894 A EP03776894 A EP 03776894A EP 1561031 A1 EP1561031 A1 EP 1561031A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- collar
- retraction plate
- piston machine
- opening
- axial piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930091051 Arenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
- F04B1/124—Pistons
- F04B1/126—Piston shoe retaining means
Definitions
- the invention relates to an axial piston machine and a retraction plate provided therefor and a method for producing the retraction plate.
- a cylinder drum rotates relative to an inclined plane.
- a plurality of cylinder bores are made in the cylinder drum, in which pistons arranged in an axially displaceable manner perform a lifting movement.
- the pistons are each articulated with a slide shoe, the slide shoes being supported on the inclined plane and thus producing the stroke of the piston with a relative rotary movement.
- Such a retraction plate is known for example from DE 197 51 994 AI.
- the retraction plate proposed there has recesses which are arranged on a circumferential circle and are provided for receiving the sliding shoes.
- a central opening is provided with which the retraction plate is supported on a counter bearing, the counter bearing having a spherical outer geometry and being arranged on the shaft of the axial piston machine.
- the central opening is surrounded by a collar.
- the holding force is exerted by a surface of the retraction plate which is oriented towards the inclined plane and which lies against the sliding shoes.
- the recesses that receive the slide shoes are penetrated by a partially cylindrical part of the slide shoe.
- a disadvantage of the known retraction plate is that radial forces, such as when operating the Axial piston machine occur between the shoe and the retraction plate, can only be transferred to the inner surface of the recesses. In order to prevent premature wear, it is therefore necessary to provide an appropriate material thickness for the retraction plate so that the length of the bores in the axial direction ensures a sufficient guide height. This is associated with the use of machining processes that, in addition to an unnecessarily high amount of material, also increase the costs in processing.
- Swashplate design is also a major disadvantage of the high weight of the retraction plate, since the retraction plate there is a rotating component.
- the invention has for its object to provide a retraction plate and an axial piston machine which are easy to manufacture and which are reduced in weight with improved function, and to provide a method for simplified manufacture of a retraction plate.
- the object is achieved by the retraction plate according to the invention according to claim 1, the axial piston machine according to the invention according to claim 12 and the method according to the invention according to claim 23.
- the retraction plate according to the invention has, in addition to a collar, which at a central passage opening is formed, formed in the opposite direction guide collar.
- the guide collars each comprise a slide shoe receiving opening and thus increase the guide height of the slide shoe receiving openings compared to the thickness of the disc-shaped retraction plate.
- By increasing the guide height a larger contact surface for transmitting the force in the radial direction between the slide shoe and the retraction plate is achieved in the operation of the axial piston machine.
- the larger contact area ultimately leads to an improvement in the wear properties.
- the material thickness of the disk can be reduced compared to the known retraction plate, so that there is a reduction in the rotating mass.
- a considerable reduction in the material is achieved in particular by the manufacturing method of the retraction plate according to the invention, since the preferably cold forming in the region of the sliding shoe receiving openings causes the material to solidify.
- the inner surface of the guide collar has the shape of a cylinder jacket surface, it being particularly advantageous that the height of the cylinder jacket surface has a significant proportion of the total height of the slide shoe receiving openings and thus of the guide height.
- the largest possible part of the usable height of the retraction plate is used to form the guide height, which in turn reduces the wear that occurs on the contact surface between the cylindrical part of the sliding block and the retraction plate.
- both the openings in the retraction plate are produced and the edge surrounding the openings is formed into the collar or the guide collar. Further processing steps that increase the processing time are thus kept to a minimum.
- the proportion of machining is reduced to the leveling and generation of a high surface quality of the surface which surrounds the central passage opening in the radial direction to the outside.
- the base body which has the shape of a circular disk, also ensures a high load-bearing capacity, since the material of the base body is preserved between the slide shoe receiving openings.
- the resulting stiffness improves durability, especially with regard to material fatigue.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of an axial piston machine according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a retraction plate according to the invention.
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a retraction plate according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial piston machine 1 which has a shaft 3 which is rotatably mounted in a housing 2 and on which a cylinder drum 4 is arranged, the cylinder drum 4 and the shaft 3 being connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the shaft 3 penetrates the cylinder drum 4 and is supported on both sides of the cylinder drum 4 in a roller bearing 5 and 6, an outer bearing ring 7 of the roller bearing 6 being inserted into a corresponding recess in a housing cover 8.
- a plurality of cylinder bores 9 are formed in the cylinder drum 4, distributed over the circumference, the central axes of the cylinder bores 9 running parallel to the central axis of the shaft 3.
- axially displaceable pistons 10 are inserted, which have a spherical head 11 on the side facing away from the housing cover 8, which cooperates with a corresponding recess of a sliding block 12 to form an articulated connection.
- the pistons 10 are supported on a swash plate 13 by means of the sliding shoes 12. When the cylinder drum 4 rotates, the pistons 10 therefore perform a lifting movement in the cylinder bores 9.
- the amount of Strokes are predetermined by the position of the swash plate 13, the position of the swash plate 13 being adjustable in the exemplary embodiment by an adjusting device 14.
- the cylinder drum 4 has a central opening 15, in which a compression spring 16 is arranged, which is tensioned between a first spring bearing 17 and a second spring bearing 18.
- the first spring bearing 17 is fixed by the shaft 3 in the axial direction
- the second spring bearing 18, on the other hand, is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a circlip inserted into a groove in the cylinder drum 4. Due to the force of the compression spring 16, the cylinder drum 4 is therefore displaced in the axial direction to such an extent that its end face 19 lies sealingly against a control plate 20.
- the control openings 22 and 23 arranged in the control plate 20 are in permanent contact with at least one high-pressure or low-pressure connection on their side facing away from the cylinder drum 4.
- a high pressure or Low pressure connection is shown as an example and provided with the reference numbers 26 and 26 '.
- the cylinder bores 9 are open via openings 21 to the end face 19 of the cylinder drum 4. When the cylinder drum 4 rotates, the openings 21 sweep over a sealing environment 27 of the control plate 20 and are connected alternately to the control openings 22 and 23 of the high-pressure and low-pressure connection during one revolution.
- the control plate 20 is supported on the housing cover 8 in the axial direction.
- the control disk 20 is secured against rotation with a dowel pin 31.
- a leak occurs between the cylinder drum 4 and the control plate 20, which is also required to form a hydrodynamic plain bearing.
- the central opening 15 of the cylinder drum 4 delimits an internal leakage volume 44 which receives part of the leakage oil.
- a connection (not shown) between the inner leakage volume 44 and an outer leakage volume 45 of the remaining housing volume is provided, so that pressure compensation is possible.
- the leakage fluid collected in the outer leakage volume 45 of the housing is returned to the pressure medium circuit in a manner not shown.
- the lifting movement of the pistons 10 is generated by the swash plate 13, which is arranged obliquely with respect to the central axis of the rotating cylinder drum 4.
- the cylinder drum 4 is rotated by driving the shaft 3. Due to the pressure prevailing in the cylinder bores 9, the slide shoe 12 is held in contact with the swash plate 13 with a slide surface 25 during a pressure stroke.
- a negative pressure is created in the cylinder bores 9, through which the sliding shoes 12 could lift off the swash plate 13 in an open circuit, particularly when the axial piston machine 1 is operating.
- a retraction plate 24 is provided which exerts a holding force on the sliding shoes 12 and thus holds them on a running surface 28 of the swash plate 13.
- the retraction plate 24 which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, has a central passage opening 32 with which is supported on a counter bearing 29.
- the counter bearing 29 is fixed to the shaft 3 in the illustrated embodiment, so that it is not axially displaceable in the direction of the housing cover 8.
- the counter bearing 29 has a spherical outer contour, which corresponds to a surface delimiting the central through opening 32 and enables a change in the angle of inclination of the retraction plate 24 relative to the shaft 3.
- a holding surface 33 is formed on the sliding shoe 12, which is in contact with a flat first surface 34 ′ of the retraction plate 24.
- the sliding shoes 12 also have a guide section 35.
- the guide section 35 of a slide shoe 12 penetrates a slide shoe receiving opening 36, which is provided in the retraction plate 24.
- the radial extent of the slide shoe receiving openings 36 is greater than the guide section 35 of the slide shoes 12, which is cylindrical in this area.
- a recess 37 is provided in the region of the guide section 35 in the sliding shoe 12, the geometry of which corresponds to the spherical head 11 of the piston 10.
- the spherical recess 37 is closed so far around the spherical head 11 that tensile forces can also be transmitted between the sliding block 12 and the respective piston 10.
- the contact surface is supplied with lubricant from the cylinder bore 9 through a lubricating oil bore in the piston 10.
- FIG. 2a shows a retraction plate 24 in which the guide collar 38 and the collar 39 of the central through-opening 32 have already been formed from a disk-shaped base body of thickness d.
- the collar 39 is shaped in such a way that on its inner surface 41 delimiting the central through opening 32 a spherical geometry is formed which corresponds to the spherical geometry 42, which is shown schematically and corresponds to the outer contour of the counter bearing 29.
- the collar 39 is formed from the base body of the retraction plate 24 in such a way that it extends from a first surface 34 with an axial directional component from the first surface 34.
- the guide collars 38 are already formed on the retraction plate 24 shown in FIG. 2a, by means of which the slide shoe receiving openings 36 are completely closed.
- the guide collars 38 extend in the opposite direction to the collar 39, so that the guide collars 38 also extend from a second surface 40 of the retraction plate 24 with an axial directional component.
- the basic body which is designed as a flat circular disk, is preferably reshaped in a single step simultaneously with the punching of the central through opening 32 and the sliding shoe receiving openings 36 38 also solidifies the material of the retraction plate 24. In this way, the thickness d of the material of the base body can be reduced again without having problems with durability during operation of the axial piston machine 1.
- FIG. 2b shows a finished retraction plate 24.
- the retraction plate 24 shown in FIG. 2b has the first surface 34 machined in such a way that a flat first surface 34 ′ is formed, which is the collar 39 surrounds in the radial direction outside.
- a flat first surface 34 ′ is formed, which is the collar 39 surrounds in the radial direction outside.
- the forming height h of the guide collar 38 is preferably between 50% and 75% of the thickness d of the base body.
- the forming height h is particularly preferably selected such that its share in the total height H is approximately 40%.
- Fig. 3a shows a section of purple from Fig. 2a in an enlarged view. Both the first surface 34 and a machining allowance 49 are shown, which is indicated by the dashed line.
- the slide shoe receiving opening 36 has an inner surface 43, which has the shape of a cylindrical surface.
- the guide collar 38 is formed, the base body is deformed in such a way that the inner surface 43 has the shape of a cylinder jacket surface in the axial direction, the height of the cylinder jacket surface extending over a substantial part of the functional height.
- the cylinder surface is created directly by the embossing process, without the need for subsequent machining.
- an area 41 ′ is also provided, which has the shape of the outer surface of a truncated cone.
- the area 41 ' is the part of the inner surface 41 of the collar 39 which is the furthest away from the first surface 34.
- FIG. 3b shows the detail Illb from FIG. 2b on an enlarged scale.
- the flat first surface 34 ′ is produced on the retraction plate 24 by means of machining.
- an undercut 47 is provided at a transition between the collar 39 and the flat first surface 34 '.
- a radius 46 is worked out at the transition between the flat first surface 34' and the inner surface 43. Doing so that portion of the inner surface 43 which deviates from the shape of a cylindrical jacket surface by the radius 46 is kept small in comparison to the total height H. With a total height H of about 5.5 mm, for example, the radius 46 is preferably only about 0.6 mm. More generally, it can be stated that the radius 46 preferably takes a share in the guide height H of less than 15%.
- the inner surface 41 of the central passage opening 32 has an area 41 ′ which has the shape of a conical jacket. Part of this area 41 'is hardened, a laser method for hardening a narrow section 48 preferably being used. The heat input during laser hardening is locally limited and the material distortion that occurs is negligible. Machining post-processing is therefore not necessary.
- FIG. 4 shows a top view of the retraction plate 24 according to the invention from the side of the guide collar 38.
- the retraction plate 24 according to the invention from the side of the guide collar 38.
- Retraction plate 24 made of a circular disc as a base body, so that the retraction plate 24 is a circular
- the central through opening 32 is introduced concentrically with the circular outer contour 50 into the retraction plate 24.
- Sliding shoe receiving openings 36 are on a circumferential circle
- Outer contour 50 of the retraction plate 24 is arranged. In the illustrated embodiment there are nine
- Circumferential circle 51 arranged distributed.
- the diameter of the circular outer contour 50 is selected such that the guide collars 38 are completely closed around the slide shoe receiving openings 36.
- the guide collars 38 are also surrounded by an outer region 52 which surrounds all the guide collars 38 as a closed circular disc.
- Between Guide collar 38 of adjacent sliding shoe receiving openings 36 are disc elements 53 with the thickness d of the base body, through which the retraction plate 24 achieves a high degree of rigidity.
- FIG. 5 An example of a retraction plate 24 is shown again in FIG. 5 as a perspective illustration.
- the retraction plate can also be used without aftertreatment of the contact surface to the slide shoes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10253379 | 2002-11-15 | ||
DE10253379 | 2002-11-15 | ||
DE10300070A DE10300070A1 (de) | 2002-11-15 | 2003-01-03 | Axialkolbenmaschine, Rückzugplatte und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Rückzugplatte |
DE10300070 | 2003-01-03 | ||
PCT/EP2003/012526 WO2004046548A1 (de) | 2002-11-15 | 2003-11-10 | Axialkolbenmaschine, rückzugplatte und verfahren zum herstellen einer rückzugplatte |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1561031A1 true EP1561031A1 (de) | 2005-08-10 |
EP1561031B1 EP1561031B1 (de) | 2006-02-22 |
Family
ID=32327493
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03776894A Expired - Lifetime EP1561031B1 (de) | 2002-11-15 | 2003-11-10 | AXIALKOLBENMASCHINE, R üCKZUGPLATTE UND VERFAHREN ZUM HERSTELLEN EINER RüCKZUGPLATTE |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1561031B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50302486D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004046548A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014206713A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schrägscheibenmaschine als axialkolbenpumpe und/oder axialkolbenmotor |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010015073A1 (de) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Axialkolbenmaschine mit einer Rückzugplatte sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4111103A (en) * | 1977-02-14 | 1978-09-05 | Commercial Shearing, Inc. | Thrust rings for swash plate pumps and motors |
DE4405967C2 (de) * | 1994-02-24 | 1997-06-05 | Danfoss As | Hydraulische Axialkolbenmaschine |
US5862704A (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1999-01-26 | Caterpillar Inc. | Retainer mechanism for an axial piston machine |
DE10119239C1 (de) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-12-12 | Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh | Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägachsen-Bauweise mit einem Schwenkwinkel-Sensor |
-
2003
- 2003-11-10 EP EP03776894A patent/EP1561031B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-10 WO PCT/EP2003/012526 patent/WO2004046548A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-11-10 DE DE50302486T patent/DE50302486D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004046548A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014206713A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schrägscheibenmaschine als axialkolbenpumpe und/oder axialkolbenmotor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1561031B1 (de) | 2006-02-22 |
WO2004046548A1 (de) | 2004-06-03 |
DE50302486D1 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
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