EP1551946A1 - Transparent abrasive cleaning product, especially washing up liquid - Google Patents

Transparent abrasive cleaning product, especially washing up liquid

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Publication number
EP1551946A1
EP1551946A1 EP03769353A EP03769353A EP1551946A1 EP 1551946 A1 EP1551946 A1 EP 1551946A1 EP 03769353 A EP03769353 A EP 03769353A EP 03769353 A EP03769353 A EP 03769353A EP 1551946 A1 EP1551946 A1 EP 1551946A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive
cleaning agent
agent according
weight
alkyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP03769353A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz-Dieter Soldanski
Brigitte Giesen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP1551946A1 publication Critical patent/EP1551946A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/14—Fillers; Abrasives ; Abrasive compositions; Suspending or absorbing agents not provided for in one single group of C11D3/12; Specific features concerning abrasives, e.g. granulometry or mixtures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to liquid abrasive cleaning agents for hard surfaces which are largely transparent and contain more than 15% by weight of surfactant.
  • abrasive liquid cleaning agents for hard surfaces are usually milky, thick, viscous solutions. They are also well known to consumers as "scouring milk”, a name that also reflects the whitish, cloudy appearance of these products.
  • Liquid hand dishwashing liquids usually have a transparent appearance.
  • the clear agents in connection with the mostly used bright colors obviously have a particularly positive effect on the consumer, since this is associated with a particularly high cleaning performance.
  • a certain amount of surfactant is required to ensure good cleaning performance.
  • the international application WO 02/38720 describes clear surfactant-containing cleaning gels with macroscopic abrasive particles.
  • inorganic substances can be used as well as polymer granules or hard waxes.
  • the surfactant content is between 0.1 and 15%.
  • the gels are used to clean hard surfaces. Agents with surfactant contents above 15% by weight are not disclosed.
  • Patent specification EP 292 910 describes a stable, liquid, aqueous, abrasive cleaning agent for hard surfaces.
  • the abrasive particles should not scratch the surface to be cleaned.
  • Various plastics are proposed as abrasives, whereby the particles can have a size of 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the cleaners described, which are referred to several times as "creamy”, are obviously abrasive milk, but transparent agents are not presented.
  • the agents are alkaline with a pH between 10 and 12.
  • WO 00/36078 relates to transparent or translucent liquid detergents for textiles in which encapsulated active ingredients are suspended using polymeric thickeners. These are enzymes, bleaches, perfumes, etc. liquid funds should be incorporated stably. In contrast, abrasives are not intended as ingredients.
  • German application DE-A 19918267 finally describes hand dishwashing detergents in which microcapsules with various active substances are suspended. An abrasive effect of these suspended particles is also not intended here, but the shell of the microcapsules opens up during use and releases the active ingredient contained therein.
  • Hand dishwashing detergents and other cleaning agents for hard surfaces that show good cleaning performance and contain an abrasive substance to remove heavily adhering soiling without scratching the surface to be cleaned during use, but at the same time having an appearance that is appealing to the consumer, have not yet been described.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cleaning agent for hard surfaces which contains an abrasive, has good cleaning performance and is also visually appealing.
  • the invention therefore relates to an abrasive-containing liquid cleaning agent for hard surfaces which is largely transparent and has a surfactant content of more than 15% by weight.
  • “Largely transparent” in the sense of this invention is an agent which has a transmittance (transmission) for light of any wavelength in the visible range, ie between 400 and 800 nm, of at least 50%, measured in a cuvette with a layer thickness of 1 cm in Absence of dyes and abrasive particles.
  • the light transmittance is preferably above 70%, particularly preferably above 80%, in particular above 90%.
  • the optical impression is preferably that of individual, opaque particles stably suspended in a clear cleaning agent. Like the detergent surrounding them, these particles can take on any desired color, detergent and abrasive substance being colored the same or different.
  • the surfactant content of more than 15% by weight denotes the total amount of anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, based on the cleaning agent.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the agent according to the invention as a hand dishwashing agent.
  • the agent fulfills a dual function, because on the one hand it can serve, especially in concentrated form, for the pre-cleaning of heavily soiled crockery, which may be contaminated with greasy grease or similar contaminants, with the abrasives contained contributing to the faster release of the contaminants. On the other hand, however, it is also suitable for washing normally soiled dishes in a customary manner by introducing them into a dilute aqueous cleaning liquor. Due to the surfactant content of more than 15% by weight, the agent has a good cleaning performance.
  • the detergents are just as good at cleaning other hard surfaces, for example made of glass, ceramic, plastic, enamel or metal, in the home and business.
  • other hard surfaces for example made of glass, ceramic, plastic, enamel or metal
  • kitchen and especially stove surfaces, ovens and other hard surfaces with partially stubborn and / or greasy soiling can be cleaned with agents according to the invention as well as bathroom surfaces, plastic furniture in the house and garden or windows and other glass surfaces, to name just a few options.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of the agent according to the invention as a manual cleaning agent for hard surfaces.
  • fatty acids or fatty alcohols or their derivatives are representative of branched or unbranched carboxylic acids or alcohols or their derivatives, preferably having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the former are preferred for ecological reasons, in particular because of their vegetable basis than based on renewable raw materials, but without restricting the teaching according to the invention to them.
  • the oxo alcohols or their derivatives obtainable, for example, according to ROELEN's oxo synthesis can also be used accordingly.
  • alkaline earth metals are mentioned in the following as counterions for monovalent anions, this means that the alkaline earth metal is naturally only present in half the amount of the substance - sufficient to balance the charge - like the anion.
  • INCI means that the following - or possibly previous - designation is a name according to the International Dictionary of Cosmetic In- gredients by The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA).
  • CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association
  • the Information CAS means that the following sequence of numbers is a designation of the Chemical Abstracts Service.
  • such abrasives can be substances which can be suspended as solids in the cleaning agent and which have a cleaning-supporting effect when the agent is used according to the invention. This is due to the abrasive effect of the particles, by means of which even more strongly adhering soiling can be removed and transferred to the cleaning liquor. At the same time, however, it is necessary that the surface to be cleaned is not scratched, roughened or attacked in any other way by the action of the abrasive material. Therefore, it is preferred that the particles have no sharp edges or tips. In particular, it is preferred if spherical or ellipsoidal, optionally also drop-shaped particles are used. With their spatial shape, in addition to the surface-protecting property, they also contribute to the positive optical impression of the agent according to the invention.
  • the abrasive particles are water-insoluble. If a mixture of different abrasive materials is used, at least a part of it is preferably water-insoluble, but another part can also be water-soluble.
  • the agents according to the invention preferably contain abrasives selected from the group comprising plastics, hard waxes, natural materials, ceramic particles, inorganic substances and mixtures thereof.
  • plastic particles are used as abrasives.
  • the plastic is preferably selected from the group comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate as well as copolymers and mixtures thereof; particularly preferred are polystyrene beads, possibly containing pentane, such as are commercially available, for example, as "Expandable Polystyrene (EPS)" under various brand names from Nova Chemicals; Nova Chemicals also offers pentane-free polystyrene particles with a rubber core, for example available under the name "Polystyrene 843M", which are also preferably used in agents according to the invention.
  • EPS Expandable Polystyrene
  • Another preferred embodiment contains abrasive substances which are obtained from natural materials.
  • this includes, for example, crushed shells of hazelnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, walnuts, coconuts and other nuts and shells of stones from various types of fruit, for example apricots, peaches, plums etc., but also, if appropriate, crushed seeds of grapes and various soft fruits, such as Strawberries, raspberries, blackberries etc. Under certain circumstances, crushed roots or pieces of bark can also serve as abrasives.
  • abrasive substances obtained from natural materials it is of particular importance that the formation of sharp-edged particles, which may attack the surface, is avoided.
  • hard waxes, ceramic particles, glass beads and inorganic substances can also be used as abrasive particles in the sense of the invention.
  • the inorganic compounds which can be used include, for example, alkali carbonates, alkali bicarbonates and alkali sulfates, alkali borates, alkali phosphates, silicon dioxide, crystalline or amorphous alkali silicates and layered silicates, finely crystalline sodium aluminum silicates, aluminum oxides and calcium carbonate.
  • Particles with a diameter of 0.05 to 4 mm can be used as abrasives in the sense of the present invention. They preferably have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.5 mm. If the shape of the particles deviates from the spherical shape, the particle diameter is averaged over the three spatial directions.
  • the abrasive content of the agent is preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 2% by weight.
  • polycarboxylates preferably homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, in particular acrylic acid copolymers such as acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, and polysaccharides, in particular heteropolysaccharides, and other customary polymeric thickeners.
  • acrylic acid copolymers such as acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers
  • polysaccharides in particular heteropolysaccharides, and other customary polymeric thickeners.
  • layered silicates and other inorganic substances known to those skilled in the art as thickeners can also be used as thickeners in the sense of this invention; Mixtures of different thickeners can also be used. It's single lent attention to ensure that the largely transparent optical impression is retained when using the thickener.
  • polymers, especially polycarboxylates and / or polysaccharides are preferably used as thickeners in cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Suitable polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides are the polysaccharide gums, for example gum arabic, agar, alginates, carrageenan and their salts, guar, guaran, tragacant, gellan, ramsan, dextran or xanthan and their derivatives, e.g. propoxylated guar and their mixtures.
  • Other polysaccharide thickeners such as starches or cellulose derivatives, can be used as an alternative, but preferably in addition to a polysaccharide rubber, for example starches of various origins and starch derivatives, e.g.
  • a preferred polymer is the microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide xanthan gum containing 10 6, under aerobic conditions with a molecular weight of 2-15 * produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species and, for example, from the company. Kelco under the trade names KeltroP and Kelzan ® or is available from Rhodia under the trade name Rhodopol ® .
  • Gellan Gum Another preferred polymer is the microbial heteropolysaccharide Gellan Gum, which is formed under aerobic conditions, for example from Auromonas elodea and especially from Sphingomonas paueimobilis strains.
  • Gellan Gum for example, can be obtained from Kelco under the Kelcogef trade name in various qualities.
  • Suitable acrylic acid polymers are, for example, high molecular weight homopolymers of acrylic acid (INCI carbomer) crosslinked with a polyalkenyl polyether, in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene, which are also referred to as carboxyvinyl polymers.
  • polyacrylic acids include available from BFGoodrich under the trade name CarbopoF.
  • acrylic acid copolymers are the following acrylic acid copolymers: (i) copolymers of two or more monomers from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple esters (INCI acrylates copolymer), which are preferably formed with C 1-4 -alkanols, for example the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and me- Methyl methacrylate (CAS 25035-69-2) or of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS 25852-37-3) belong to and for example from Rohm & Haas under the trade names Aculyn ® and Acusof ® and from Degussa (Goldschmidt) the trade name Tego ® polymer are available; (ii) crosslinked high molecular acrylic copolymers, for example the copolymers of C 10 crosslinked with an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerythritol.
  • o-alkyl acrylates with one or more monomers from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple esters (INCI acrylates / C 10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer), preferably formed with C 1-4 alkanols, and which belong, for example, from BFGoodrich are available under the trade name CarbopoP.
  • Layered silicates in particular can be used as inorganic thickeners. These include, for example, the magnesium or sodium-magnesium layer silicates from Solvay Alkali available under the trade name Laponite ® , in particular Laponite ® RD or Laponite ® RDS, as well as magnesium silicates from Süd-Chemie, especially OptigeF SH.
  • the thickener is always selected with the proviso that the largely transparent optical impression should be retained, i.e. Cloudiness caused by the thickener should be largely avoided.
  • the thickener content is usually between 0.01 and 8% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 6% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 3% by weight. for example between 0.5 and 1% by weight or between 2 and 3% by weight.
  • the viscosity of the agents according to the invention is essentially adjusted or controlled via the content of thickener, the amounts required being able to vary from thickener to thickener.
  • the surfactant composition used also plays a role in the choice of quantity.
  • Electrolyte salts for the purposes of this invention are salts of preferably polyvalent cations with inorganic acid residues.
  • the chlorides and sulfates of the alkaline earth metals, aluminum and zinc, especially aluminum chloride, are particularly preferred.
  • the use of these electrolyte salts is particularly advantageous in combination with polysaccharide thickeners such as xanthan or gellan. surfactants
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention contains one or more surfactants selected from the group comprising anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • the surfactants are usually used in amounts of more than 15 to 40% by weight, preferably 16 to 35% by weight.
  • Anionic surfactants according to the invention can be aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic sulfonates such as alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ether sulfonates, ⁇ -alkyl ether sulfonates, ester sulfonates and lignin sulfonates.
  • aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic sulfonates such as alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ether sulfonates, ⁇ -alkyl ether sulfon
  • Alkylbenzenesulfonates fatty acid cyanamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid isethionates, acylaminoalkanesulfonates (fatty acid taurides), fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids and alkyl (ether) phosphates can also be used in the context of the present invention.
  • alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl and / or aryl sulfonates and / or alkyl sulfates and the further anionic surfactants are usually used as alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and / or mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium and / or also in the form of them with the corresponding alkali metal hydroxide, Alkaline earth metal hydroxide and / or mono-, di- or trialkanolamine used in situ to be neutralized corresponding acid.
  • Potassium and in particular sodium are preferred as alkali metals, calcium and in particular magnesium as alkaline earth metals, and mono-, di- or triethanolamine as alkanolamines.
  • the sodium salts are particularly preferred.
  • Alkyl ether sulfates are products of sulfation reactions on alkoxylated alcohols.
  • alkoxylated alcohols to mean the reaction products of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, with alcohols, for the purposes of the present invention preferably with longer-chain alcohols, ie with aliphatic straight-chain or one or more branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or one or polyunsaturated, preferably straight-chain, acyclic, saturated alcohols having 6 to 22, preferably 8 to 18, in particular 10 to 16 and particularly preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • a further embodiment of the alkoxylation consists in using mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
  • the agent according to the invention can contain one or more alkyl ether sulfates in an amount of usually 1 to 40% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, in particular more than 6 to 26% by weight, particularly preferably 8 to 20% by weight , most preferably contain 10 to 16% by weight.
  • the alkyl sulfonates usually have an aliphatic straight-chain or mono- or poly-branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or mono- or poly-unsaturated, preferably branched, acyclic, saturated, alkyl radical with 6 to 22, preferably 9 to 20, in particular 11 to 18 and particularly preferably 13 to 17 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable alkyl sulfonates are accordingly the saturated alkane sulfonates, the unsaturated olefin sulfonates and the ether sulfonates, which are formally derived from the alkoxylated alcohols on which the alkyl ether sulfates are also based, in which terminal ether sulfonates (/. Ether sulfonates) with sulfonate bonded to the polyether chain Function and internal ether sulfonates (/ ether sulfonates) linked to the alkyl radical sulfonate function.
  • alkanesulfonates in particular alkanesulfonates with a branched, preferably secondary, alkyl radical, for example the secondary alkanesulfonate sec. Na-C 13 . 17 alkanesulfonate (INCI Sodium C14-17 alkyl see sulfonates).
  • Preferred arylsulfonates are alkylbenzenesulfonates, the alkyl radicals being branched and unbranched chains with CC ⁇ , preferably C 2 -C 8 , particularly preferably C 6 -C 16 and most preferably C 8 -C 12 .
  • LAS and / or cumene sulfonate are particularly preferred examples.
  • the agent according to the invention can contain one or more alkyl and / or aryl sulfonates in an amount of usually 0.1 to less than 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, in particular 1 to less than 14% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight, most preferably 4 to 8% by weight.
  • alkyl sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates can also be used.
  • Suitable alkyl sulfates are sulfates of saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols with C 6 -C 22l, preferably C 0 -C 8, and particularly preferably of Cn-C 16 .
  • Particularly suitable alkyl sulfates are those with a native C step and / or petrochemical C-step C 12 _13, C 14 _ C1 5 in the range from 0 to 15%, preferably 0-10%, particularly preferably 0-8%.
  • the agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more further anionic surfactants, usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
  • Suitable further anionic surfactants are, in particular, aliphatic sulfates such as monoglyceride sulfates and ester sulfonates (sulfofatty acid esters), lignin sulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, fatty acid isethionates, acylamino alkane sulfonates (fatty acid taurides), alkyl ether carboxylic acids, and fatty acid carboxates.
  • aliphatic sulfates such as monoglyceride sulfates and ester sulfonates (sulfofatty acid esters), lignin sulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, fatty acid isethionates, acylamino alkane sulfonates (fatty acid taurides), alkyl ether carboxylic acids
  • Suitable further anionic surfactants are also anionic gemini surfactants with a diphenyl oxide basic structure, 2 sulfonate groups and an alkyl radical on one or both benzene rings according to the formula O 3 S (C 6 H3R) O (C 6 H3 , ) SO 3 " , in which R is an alkyl radical with, for example, 6, 10, 12 or 16 carbon atoms and R 'is R or H (Dowfax ® Dry hydrotropes Powder with C 16 alkyl radical (s); INCI Sodium Hexyldiphenyl ether sulfonates, disodium decyl phenyl ether disulfonates, Disodium Lauryl phenyl ether disulfonate, disodium cetyl phenyl ether disulfonate) and fluorinated anionic surfactants, in particular perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates such as ammonium-C 9 -perfluoroalkyl s
  • anionic surfactants are the anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and sulfosuccinamides, in particular sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates, extremely preferably sulfosuccinates.
  • the sulfosuccinates are the salts of the mono- and diesters of sulfosuccinic acid HOOCCH (SO 3 H) CH 2 COOH, while the sulfosuccinamates are the salts of the monoamides of sulfosuccinic acid and the sulfosuccinamides are the salts of the diamides of Understands sulfosuccinic acid.
  • the salts are preferably alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium salts, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, particularly preferably sodium or ammonium salts, most preferably sodium salts.
  • one or both carboxyl groups of sulfosuccinic acid are preferably with one or two identical or different unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, optionally alkoxylated alcohols with 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18 , particularly preferably 10 to 16, most preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms esterified.
  • esters of unbranched and / or saturated and / or acyclic and / - or alkoxylated alcohols in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alcohols and / - or unbranched, saturated, with ethylene and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, alkoxylated fatty alcohols a degree of alkoxylation of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, in particular 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 6, extremely preferably 1 to 4.
  • the monoesters are preferred over the diesters.
  • a particularly preferred sulfosuccinate is sulfosuccinic acid, lauryl polyglycol ester di-sodium salt (lauryl-EO sulfosuccinate, di-Na salt; INCI Disodium Laureth sulfosuccinate), which, for example, as Tego ® sulfosuccinate F 30 (Goldschmidt) with a sulfosuccinate content of 30 wt .-% is commercially available.
  • one or both carboxyl groups of sulfosuccinic acid preferably form with a primary or secondary amine which contains one or two identical or different, unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acydic or cydic, optionally alkoxylated alkyl radicals with 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18, particularly preferably 10 to 16, most preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, a carboxamide.
  • acydic or cydic optionally alkoxylated alkyl radicals with 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18, particularly preferably 10 to 16, most preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, a carboxamide.
  • Unbranched and / or saturated and / or acy ische alkyl radicals in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alkyl radicals are particularly preferred.
  • sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates designated according to INCI, which are described in more detail in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook: ammonium dinonyl sulfosuccinate, ammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium dimethicone copolyol sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauramido-MEA sulfosuccinate, sulfosuccinate, diammonium Diammonium Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Diamyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicapryl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicyclohexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diheptyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dihexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diisobutyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Cisuccinate Amino Sul
  • Preferred anionic sulfosuccinic are imidosuccinate, mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid diisobutyl ester (Monawet MB ® 45), mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl ester (Monawet MO-84 ® R2W, Rewopol SB ® DO 75), Mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-tri-decyl ester (Monawet ® MT 70), fatty alcohol polyglycolsulfosuccinate-Na-NH 4 salt (sulfosuccinate S-2), di-Na-su!
  • Monosuccinic acid mono-C 1214 -3EO-ester ( Texapon ® SB-3), diisooctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Texin ® DOS 75) and di-Na sulfosuccinic acid mono-C 2/18 ester (Texin ® 128-P), especially those with the ternary surfactant combination according to the invention with regard to and / or drying behavior synergistically interacting mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl esters.
  • the agent according to the invention contains, as anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, one or more sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and / or sulfosuccinamides, preferably sulfosuccinates and / or sulfosuccinamates, in particular sulfosuccinates, in an amount of usually 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
  • amphoteric surfactants (amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants) which can be used according to the invention include betaines, alkylamidoalkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids, acylated amino acids or biosurfactants, of which betaines are preferred in the context of the teaching according to the invention.
  • the agent according to the invention can contain one or more amphoteric surfactants in an amount of usually 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, in particular 2 to 12% by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 10% by weight , most preferably 4 to 8 wt .-% contain.
  • Suitable betaines are the alkylbetaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines, the sulfobetaines (INCI Sultaines) and the phosphobetaines and preferably satisfy formula I,
  • R 1 - [CO-X- (CH 2 ) n ] x -N + (R 2 ) (R 3 ) - (CH 2 ) m - [CH (OH) -CH 2 ] y -Y- (I) in R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated C ⁇ 0 - 16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12 . ⁇ alkyl radical,
  • n is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, x 0 or 1, preferably 1,
  • R 2 , R 3 independently of one another are a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl radical, but in particular a methyl radical, m is a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, y 0 or 1 and
  • Preferred amphoteric surfactants are the alkyl betaines of the formula (Ia), the alkyl amido betaines of the formula (Ib), the sulfobetaines of the formula (Ic) and the amidosulfobetaines of the formula (Id),
  • amphoteric surfactants are the carbobetaines, in particular the carbobetaines of the formula (Ia) and (Ib), most preferably the alkylamidobetaines of the formula (Ib).
  • betaines and sulfobetaines are the following compounds named according to INCI: Almondamidopropyl betaines, Apricotamidopropyl betaines, Avocadamido propyl betaine, babassuamidopropyl betaine, behenamidopropyl betaine, behenyl betaine, betaine, canolamidopropyl betaine, capryl / capramidopropyl betaine, carnitine, cetyl betaine, cocamidoethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco betaine, coco hydroxyl oleauline - Sultaine, Decyl Betaine, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Di- hydroxyethyl Stearyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Tallow Glycinate, Dimethicone Propyl
  • alkylamidoalkylamines are amphoteric surfactants of the formula
  • -CH 2 -Z-OM (III) in R 9 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12th 14 -alkyl radical,
  • R 10 is a hydrogen atom H or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, preferably H, i is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 2 or 3,
  • R 11 is a hydrogen atom H or CH 2 COOM (to M su), j is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1, k is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1,
  • M is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • alkylamido alkylamines are the following compounds named according to INCI: Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido amphopropionates, DEA-Cocoamphodipropionate, Disodium Caproamphodiacetate, Disodium Caproamphodipropio- nate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipropionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Disodium Cocoamphodipropionate, Disodium Isostearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Isostearo - amphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroam- phodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2-lso
  • Alkyl-substituted amino acids preferred according to the invention are monoalkyl-substituted amino acids according to formula (IV),
  • R 13 -NH-CH (R 14 ) - (CH 2 ) u -COOM '(IV) in R 13 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated C ⁇ 0 - 16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C. 2 4 -alkyl radical
  • R 14 is a hydrogen atom H or a C ⁇ -alkyl radical, preferably H, u a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1, in particular 1, and
  • M ' is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, e.g. protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine,
  • M is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, e.g. protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine, where M" may have the same or two different meanings in the two carboxy groups, e.g. Can be hydrogen and sodium or twice sodium is
  • R 17 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, optionally substituted by hydroxyl or amine, for example a methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or amine propyl radical,
  • R 18 is the residue of one of the 20 natural ⁇ -amino acids H 2 NCH (R 18 ) COOH, and M " 1 is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • alkyl-substituted amino acids are the aminopropionates according to formula (IVa)
  • alkyl-substituted amino acids are the following compounds named according to INCI: aminopropyl laurylglutamine, cocaminobutyric acid, cocaminopropionic acid, DEA lauraminopropionate, disodium cocaminopropyl iminodiacetate, disodium dicarboxyethyl cocopropylenediamine, disodium laurododipropionate, aminodipropionate, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium stearimino
  • Acylated amino acids are amino acids, especially the 20 natural ⁇ -amino acids, which carry the acyl residue R 19 CO of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R 9 COOH on the amino nitrogen atom, where R 19 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . ⁇ 8 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10 - 16 -A kylrest, for example a saturated C ⁇ 2 - ⁇ 4 alkyl.
  • the acylated amino acids can also be used as alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or alkanolammonium salt, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salt.
  • acylated amino acids are the acyl derivatives summarized according to INCI under amino acids, for example sodium cocoyl glutamate, lauroyl glutamic acid, capryloyl glycine or myristoyl methylalanine.
  • anionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant.
  • this combination produces a particularly good cleaning action and, on the other hand, in conjunction with the thickener used, can contribute to a spatially particularly stable suspension of the abrasive particles.
  • Nonionic surfactants are particularly advantageous to use a combination of anionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant.
  • the agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more nonionic surfactants, usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0 , 2 to 2% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
  • Nonionic surfactants in the context of the invention can be alkoxylates such as polyglycol ether, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, alkylphenol polyglycol ether, end-capped polyglycol ether, mixed ether and hydroxy mixed ether and fatty acid polyglycol ester. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty acid polyglycol ethers can also be used.
  • Important classes of nonionic surfactants that can be used according to the invention are furthermore the amine oxides and the sugar surfactants (polyol surfactants) and among these in particular the glycosurfactants, such as alkyl polyglycosides and fatty acid glucamides.
  • the alkyl polyglycosides are particularly preferred, in particular the alkyl polyglucosides.
  • fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers are alkoxylated, unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 with ethylene (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO).
  • EO ethylene
  • PO propylene oxide
  • the amine oxides suitable according to the invention include alkylamine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides.
  • alkylamine oxides in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides.
  • Preferred amine oxides satisfy formula II
  • R 6 [CO-NH- (CH 2) w] z -N + (R 7) (R 8) -O- (II) in which R 6 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 , Rest 18 alkyl, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a ges helpful- Tigt C 12 - 1 alkyl radical which is bonded to the nitrogen atom N in the alkylamidoamine oxides via a carbonylamidoalkylene group -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) z - and in the alkoxyalkylamine oxides via an oxaalkylene group -O- (CH 2 ) 2 - , where z for a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, R 7 , R 8, independently of one another, is a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, optionally hydroxyl-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxy
  • Suitable amine oxides are the following compounds named in accordance with INCI: Almondamidopropylamine Oxide, Babassuamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Morpholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminoproxyimidine Oxide Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C9-11 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C12-15 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Lauramine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Stearamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Tallowamine Oxide, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Amine Oxide, Hydrogenated Tallowethyl Oxypropyl Oxide, Oxide , Isostearamidopropylamine Ox
  • Sugar surfactants are known surface-active compounds, which include, for example, the sugar surfactant classes of alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides (sugar acid amides), glycerol amides, glycerol glycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants (sugar amides) and alkyl polyglycosides, such as those described in WO 97/00609 (Henkel Corporation) publications cited therein are described (pages 4 to 12) which is referred to in this regard and the content of which is hereby incorporated into this application.
  • sugar surfactant classes include, for example, the sugar surfactant classes of alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides (sugar acid amides), glycerol amides, glycerol glycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants (sugar amides) and alkyl polyglycosides, such as those described
  • Preferred sugar surfactants in the context of the teaching according to the invention are the alkyl polyglycosides and the sugar amides and their derivatives, in particular their ethers and esters.
  • the ethers are the products of the reaction of one or more, preferably one, sugar hydroxy group with a compound containing one or more hydroxy groups, for example d - ⁇ - alcohols or glycols such as ethylene and / or propylene glycol, the sugar hydroxy group also Can carry polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol residues.
  • the esters are the reaction products of one or more, preferably one, sugar with a carboxylic acid, especially a C 6-22 fatty acid.
  • Particularly preferred sugar amides satisfy the formula R'C (O) N (R ") [Z], in which R 'is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyl radical, preferably a linear unsaturated acyl radical, with 5 to 21, preferably 5 to 17, in particular 7 to 15, particularly preferably 7 to 13 carbon atoms, R "for a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical, preferably a linear unsaturated alkyl radical, with 6 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 to 14 carbon atoms, a C L s -alkyl radical, in particular a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, te / ⁇ -butyl or n-pentyl radical, or hydrogen and Z for a sugar residue, ie a monosaccharide residue.
  • Particularly preferred sugar amides are the amides of glucose,
  • alkyl polyglycosides are particularly preferred sugar surfactants in the context of the teaching according to the invention and preferably satisfy the general formula R 1 O (AO) a [G] x , in which R for a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 to 14 carbon atoms, [G] for a glycosidically linked sugar residue and x for a number from 1 to 10 and AO for an alkyleneoxy group, for example an ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy group, and a for the mean degree of alkoxylation from 0 to 20.
  • R a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 to 14 carbon atoms
  • [G] for a glycosidically linked sugar residue and x for a number from 1 to 10
  • AO for an alkyleneoxy group, for example an ethyleneoxy or propylene
  • the group (AO) a can also contain various alkyleneoxy units, for example ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy units, where a is the average total degree of alkoxylation, ie the sum of the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation, is.
  • alkyl radicals R 1 of the APG are linear unsaturated radicals with the specified number of carbon atoms.
  • APG are non-ionic surfactants and are known substances that can be obtained using the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry.
  • the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 8 to 18, preferably 8 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are capronic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, in the course of the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from ROELEN's oxosynthesis.
  • the alkyl or alkenyl radical R ' is preferably derived from lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
  • Elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and their technical mixtures are also to be mentioned.
  • preferred alkyl polyglycosides are C 8 . 10 - and a C 12 . 1- alkyl polyglucoside with a DP degree of 1.4 or 1.5, in particular C 8 . 10 - alkyl-1, 5-glucoside and C 12 . 14 alkyl 1,4-glucoside.
  • Cationic surfactants are Cationic surfactants
  • the agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more cationic surfactants (cationic surfactants; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds), usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 up to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
  • cationic surfactants INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • the use of cationic surfactants is dispensed with.
  • Preferred cationic surfactants are the quaternary surface-active compounds, in particular with an ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, iodonium or arsonium group, as described, for example, by KH Wall conferenceußer in "Practice of Sterilization, Disinfection - Preservation: Germ Identification - Industrial Hygiene” (5. Ed. - Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, 1995) as antimicrobial agents.
  • the agent can be designed with an antimicrobial effect or its antimicrobial effect, which may already be present due to other ingredients, can be improved.
  • particularly preferred cationic surfactants are the quaternary, partly antimicrobial ammonium compounds (QAV; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds) according to the general formula (R I ) (R ") (R “ I ) (R IV ) N + X " , in which R 1 to R ⁇ v the same or different d - ⁇ - alkyl residues, C 7, 28 aralkyl residues or heterocyclic residues, two or, in the case of an aromatic bond, as in pyridine, even three radicals together with the nitrogen atom form the heterocycle, for example a pyridinium or imidazolinium compound, represent and X "are halide ions, sulfate ions, hydroxide ions or similar anions.
  • at least one of the residues preferably has a chain length of 8 to 18, in particular 12 to 16, carbon atoms.
  • QAV can be prepared by reacting tertiary amines with alkylating agents such as methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide.
  • alkylating agents such as methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide.
  • alkylation of tertiary amines with a long alkyl radical and two methyl groups is particularly easy, and the quaternization of tertiary amines with two long radicals and one methyl group can also be carried out using methyl chloride under mild conditions.
  • Amines which have three long alkyl residues or hydroxy-substituted ized alkyl residues are not very reactive and are preferably quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
  • Suitable QAC are, for example, benzalkonium chloride (N-alkyl-N, N-dimethyl-benzylammonium chloride, CAS No. 8001-54-5), benzalkon B (m, p-dichlorobenzyldimethyl-C 12 -alkylammonium chloride, CAS No. 58390 -78-6), benzoxonium chloride (benzyl-dodecyl-bis- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride), cetrimonium bromide (N-hexadecyl-N, N-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, CAS No.
  • benzetonium chloride N , N-Dimethyl-N- [2- [2- [p- (1, 1, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxy] ethoxy] ethyl] benzylammonium chloride, CAS No. 121-54-0
  • dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides such as di- n-decyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (CAS No. 7173-51-5-5), didecyldimethylammonium bromide (CAS No. 2390-68-3), dioctyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchloric, 1-cetylpyridinium chloride (CAS No.
  • QAV thiazoline iodide
  • Preferred QAV are the benzalkonium chlorides with C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radicals, in particular C 2 -C 1 -alkyl-benzyl-dimethylammonium chloride.
  • a particularly preferred QAV cocospentaethoxymethylammonium methosulfate (INCI PEG-5 Cocomonium methosulfate; Rewoquat ® CPEM).
  • anionic surfactant-compatible and / or as little cationic surfactant as possible is used or, in a particular embodiment of the invention, no cationic surfactants with an antimicrobial effect are used entirely.
  • Parabens, benzoic acid and / or benzoate, lactic acid and / or lactates can be used as antimicrobial substances. Benzoic acid and / or lactic acid are particularly preferred.
  • the water content of the aqueous composition according to the invention is usually 20 to less than 85% by weight, preferably 30 to 80% by weight.
  • the agent according to the invention can advantageously additionally contain one or more water-soluble organic solvents, usually in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 2 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 4 to 12% by weight, most preferably 6 to 10% by weight.
  • the solvent is used, in particular, as a hydrotrope, viscosity regulator and / or cold stabilizer. It acts as a solvent, especially for surfactants and electrolytes, as well as perfume and dye, and thus contributes to their incorporation, prevents the formation of liquid-crystalline phases and plays a part in the formation of clear products.
  • the viscosity of the agent according to the invention decreases with increasing amount of solvent. However, too much solvent can cause an excessive drop in viscosity. Finally, the cold cloud and clear point of the agent according to the invention decrease with increasing amount of solvent.
  • Suitable solvents are, for example, saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, branched or unbranched C ⁇ . 20 hydrocarbons, preferably bons - ⁇ -Koh- 5 C 2, with at least one hydroxy group and optionally one or more ether functions COC, the carbon atom chain that is interrupting oxygen atoms.
  • Preferred solvents are the C 2 , which is etherified on one side with a C 6 -alkanol. 6 -alkylene glycols and poly-C 2 . 3 -alkylene glycol ethers with an average of 1 to 9 identical or different, preferably the same, alkylene glycol groups per molecule as well as the C ⁇ . 6 -alcohols, preferably ethanol, n-propanol or / so-propanol, in particular ethanol.
  • Exemplary solvents are the following compounds named according to INCI: alcohol (ethanol), buteth-3, butoxydiglycol, butoxyethanol, butoxyisopropanol, butoxypropanol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, butylene glycol, butyl octanol, diethylene glycol, dimethoxydiglycol , Dimethyl Ether, Dipropylene Glycol, Ethoxydiglycol, Ethoxyethanol, Ethyl Hexanediol, Glycol, Hexanediol, 1,2,6-Hexanetriol, Hexyl Alcohol, Hexylene Glycol, Isobutoxypropanol, Isopentyldiol, Isopropyl Alcohol (/ so-Propanol), 3-Methoxybutanol, Me - thoxydiglycol, methoxyethanol, methoxyisopropanol, methoxymethylbutanol, methoxy
  • Particularly preferred solvents are poly-C 2 etherified on one side with a de-alkanol.
  • Extremely preferred solvents are the C 2 . 3 -alcohols ethanol, ⁇ -propanol and / or / so-propanol, in particular ethanol.
  • solubilizers for example for dyes and perfume oils, can, for example, also alkanolamines and alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to Serve 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
  • one or more dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts can be added, in particular a composition of Na salts of adipic, succinic and glutaric acid, as described, for example, under the trade name Sokalan ® DSC is available.
  • the use here is advantageously in amounts of 0.1 to 8% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 7% by weight, in particular 1.3 to 6% by weight and particularly preferably 2 to 4% by weight.
  • a change in the dicarboxylic acid (salt) content - especially in amounts above 2% by weight - can contribute to a clear solution of the ingredients.
  • the viscosity of the mixture can also be influenced by this agent within certain limits.
  • This component also influences the solubility of the mixture.
  • This component is particularly preferably used at high surfactant contents, in particular at surfactant contents above 30% by weight.
  • dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts instead of or in addition to the dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts, other organic acids or their salts, such as sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate and sodium tartrate, as well as inorganic salts such as e.g. Sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, or also salts of the aforementioned anions with other alkali or alkaline earth metals can be used individually or in mixtures.
  • hydrophobic polymers For the purpose of In this invention, this is understood to mean polyalkylene glycols, ie polymeric glycols with alkylene oxide units, which are preferably ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO). According to the invention, polypropylene glycols (PPG) and polyethylene glycols (PEG) with an average molecular weight of 400 to 1200 are particularly preferred, for example PPG 400, PPG 900 or also PPG 1200.
  • PPG polypropylene glycols
  • PEG polyethylene glycols
  • the cleaning agents according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries and additives, as are customary in such agents.
  • auxiliaries and additives include in particular UV stabilizers, perfumes, dyes, polymers, soil release agents, gloss-enhancing substances (e.g. vinegar, especially fruit vinegar), hydrotropes (e.g. cumene sulfonate, octyl sulfate, butyl glucoside, butyl glycol), cleaning enhancers, pH regulators (e.g.
  • the amount of such additives is usually not more than 12% by weight in the cleaning agent.
  • the lower limit of use depends on the type of additive.
  • the amount of auxiliaries is preferably between 0.01 and 7% by weight, in particular 0.1 and 4% by weight.
  • the viscosity favorable for the agents according to the invention at 20 ° C. and a shear rate of 0.3 rpm is between 2500 and 100,000 mPa-s, preferably between 3000 and 90,000 mPa-s, or at 20 ° C. and a shear rate of 3 U / min between 1200 and 10,000 mPa-s, preferably between 1500 and 9,000 mPa-s, or at 20 ° C and a shear rate of 30 U / min between 250 and 2,500 mPa-s, preferably between 300 and 2,000 mPa-s (measured with a Brookfield viscometer DV II +, spindle 31, 2 min).
  • the viscosity of the agents according to the invention can be adjusted by the thickener.
  • the amounts required can vary from thickener to thickener.
  • the surfactant composition used also plays a role in the choice of quantity, as does the presence of solubilizers. PH value
  • the pH of the agents according to the invention can be adjusted by means of conventional pH regulators, for example citric acid or NaOH, a range from 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, being preferred, essentially because of the required hand compatibility.
  • conventional pH regulators for example citric acid or NaOH
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention can be used as a hand dishwashing liquid in the usual way.
  • it can also be used in a concentrated form for the pre-cleaning of dishes, in particular heavily soiled dishes, optionally provided with burnt-on greasy dirt.
  • the agent is also suitable for manual cleaning of hard surfaces, for example made of glass, ceramic, plastic, enamel or metal, in the home and business.
  • the cleaning agents according to the invention can be produced in all the usual ways known to the person skilled in the art.
  • either the thickener which may have been pre-swollen in cold or warm water, is initially introduced and the other components are then stirred in, or water, surfactants and any other components which may be present are combined and stirred in succession, and then, if these are used, perfume and / or dye added and finally the possibly pre-swollen thickener. Then the pH is adjusted as described above and finally the abrasive particles are mixed in.
  • the hand dishwashing detergents E1 to E4 according to the invention were each formulated with an abrasive particle content of 1% by weight.
  • the cleaning performance test subsequently carried out showed clear advantages of the agents according to the invention.
  • the cleaning performance was determined using a modified Gardner test apparatus.
  • tomato-cheese sauce or gravy was spread as a test soiling on a stainless steel plate with a doctor blade in a layer thickness of 450 ⁇ m and baked at 120 ° C. for 1 hour.
  • the number of strokes was then determined which an automatic wiper device, which was equipped with a cloth soaked with 4 ml of the respective agent, required to completely remove the test soiling.
  • a stroke is a double movement of the carriage equipped with the cloth with the cleaning agent over the plate to be cleaned (back and forth).
  • the soiling was considered to be completely removed if, after an evaluation by five people, the soiling was no longer visible to the naked eye.
  • the specified number of strokes also represents the average of three measurements. The result is shown in the following table: Table 2: Test for cleaning performance

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Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid cleaning product which contains an abrasive material, is largely transparent and has a surfactant content of more than 15 wt. %. Said cleaning product can be used as washing-up liquid, especially for pre-cleaning very dirty crockery, and as a cleaning product for hard surfaces.

Description

"Transparentes abrasives Reinigungsmittel, insbesondere Handgeschirrspülmittel""Transparent abrasive cleaning agent, especially hand dishwashing liquid"
Die Erfindung betrifft flüssige abrasivstoffhaltige Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, die weitgehend transparent sind und mehr als 15 Gew.-% Tensid enthalten.The invention relates to liquid abrasive cleaning agents for hard surfaces which are largely transparent and contain more than 15% by weight of surfactant.
Herkömmliche abrasivstoffhaltige flüssige Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen sind üblicherweise milchig-trübe, dickflüssige Lösungen. Sie sind dem Verbraucher auch als "Scheuermilch" wohlbekannt, ein Name, der ebenfalls das weißlich-trübe Aussehen dieser Mittel widerspiegelt.Conventional abrasive liquid cleaning agents for hard surfaces are usually milky, thick, viscous solutions. They are also well known to consumers as "scouring milk", a name that also reflects the whitish, cloudy appearance of these products.
Flüssige Handgeschirrspülmittel besitzen dagegen üblicherweise eine transparente Optik. Die klaren Mittel in Verbindung mit den meist verwendeten leuchtenden Farben haben offensichtlich eine besonders positive Wirkung auf den Verbraucher, da hiermit eine besonders hohe Reinigungsleistung verbunden wird. Weiterhin ist es wünschenswert, daß insbesondere Handgeschirrspülmittel einen ausreichenden Schaum ausbilden, da der Verbraucher auch hiermit eine gute Reinigungsleistung verbindet. Schließlich ist zur Gewährleistung einer guten Reinigungsleistung auch ein gewisser Tensidgehalt erforderlich.Liquid hand dishwashing liquids, on the other hand, usually have a transparent appearance. The clear agents in connection with the mostly used bright colors obviously have a particularly positive effect on the consumer, since this is associated with a particularly high cleaning performance. Furthermore, it is desirable that in particular hand dishwashing detergents form an adequate foam, since the consumer also associates good cleaning performance with this. Finally, a certain amount of surfactant is required to ensure good cleaning performance.
Die internationale Anmeldung WO 02/38720 beschreibt klare tensidhaltige Reinigungsgele mit makroskopischen Abrasivstoffteilchen. Als solche können anorganische Stoffe ebenso eingesetzt werden wie Polymergranulate oder harte Wachse. Dabei liegt der Tensidgehalt zwischen 0,1 und 15%. Die Gele werden zur Reinigung harter Oberflächen eingesetzt. Mittel mit Tensidgehalten oberhalb von 15 Gew.-% werden nicht offenbart.The international application WO 02/38720 describes clear surfactant-containing cleaning gels with macroscopic abrasive particles. As such, inorganic substances can be used as well as polymer granules or hard waxes. The surfactant content is between 0.1 and 15%. The gels are used to clean hard surfaces. Agents with surfactant contents above 15% by weight are not disclosed.
In der Patentschrift EP 292 910 wird ein stabiles flüssiges wäßriges scheuerndes Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen beschrieben. Die Abrasivstoffteilchen sollen hierbei die zu reinigende Oberfläche nicht zerkratzen. Es werden verschiedene Kunststoffe als Abra- siva vorgeschlagen, wobei die Teilchen eine Größe von 10 bis 150 μm haben können. Es handelt sich bei den beschriebenen Reinigern, die mehrfach als "creamy" bezeichnet werden, offensichtlich um Scheuermilch, transparente Mittel werden hingegen nicht vorgestellt. Zudem sind die Mittel alkalisch mit einem pH-Wert zwischen 10 und 12.Patent specification EP 292 910 describes a stable, liquid, aqueous, abrasive cleaning agent for hard surfaces. The abrasive particles should not scratch the surface to be cleaned. Various plastics are proposed as abrasives, whereby the particles can have a size of 10 to 150 μm. The cleaners described, which are referred to several times as "creamy", are obviously abrasive milk, but transparent agents are not presented. In addition, the agents are alkaline with a pH between 10 and 12.
Gegenstand der WO 00/36078 sind transparente oder durchscheinende Flüssigwaschmittel für Textilien, in denen mit Hilfe polymerer Verdickungsmittel verkapselte Wirkstoffe suspendiert werden. Dabei handelt es sich um Enzyme, Bleichmittel, Parfüms etc., die im flüssigen Mittel stabil eingearbeitet werden sollen. Abrasivstoffe sind dagegen nicht als Inhaltsstoffe vorgesehen.WO 00/36078 relates to transparent or translucent liquid detergents for textiles in which encapsulated active ingredients are suspended using polymeric thickeners. These are enzymes, bleaches, perfumes, etc. liquid funds should be incorporated stably. In contrast, abrasives are not intended as ingredients.
Die deutsche Anmeldung DE-A 19918267 beschreibt schließlich Handgeschirrspülmittel, in denen Mikrokapseln mit verschiedenen Wirkstoffen suspendiert sind. Eine abrasive Wirkung dieser suspendierten Teilchen ist auch hier nicht vorgesehen, sondern die Hülle der Mikrokapseln öffnet sich beim Gebrauch und setzt den enthaltenen Wirkstoff frei.The German application DE-A 19918267 finally describes hand dishwashing detergents in which microcapsules with various active substances are suspended. An abrasive effect of these suspended particles is also not intended here, but the shell of the microcapsules opens up during use and releases the active ingredient contained therein.
Handgeschirrspülmittel und andere Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, die eine gute Reinigungsleistung zeigen und zur Entfernung stark anhaftender Anschmutzungen einen Abrasivstoff enthalten, ohne bei der Anwendung die zu reinigende Oberfläche zu zerkratzen, dabei aber gleichzeitig eine für den Verbraucher ansprechende Optik besitzen, sind bislang nicht beschrieben.Hand dishwashing detergents and other cleaning agents for hard surfaces that show good cleaning performance and contain an abrasive substance to remove heavily adhering soiling without scratching the surface to be cleaned during use, but at the same time having an appearance that is appealing to the consumer, have not yet been described.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen bereitzustellen, welches einen Abrasivstoff enthält, eine gute Reinigungsleistung aufweist und zudem optisch ansprechend ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cleaning agent for hard surfaces which contains an abrasive, has good cleaning performance and is also visually appealing.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein abrasivstoffhaltiges flüssiges Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, welches weitgehend transparent ist und einen Tensidgehalt von mehr als 15 Gew.-% besitzt.The invention therefore relates to an abrasive-containing liquid cleaning agent for hard surfaces which is largely transparent and has a surfactant content of more than 15% by weight.
"Weitgehend transparent" im Sinne dieser Erfindung ist ein Mittel, welches eine Durchlässigkeit (Transmission) für Licht beliebiger Wellenlängen im sichtbaren Bereich, also zwischen 400 und 800 nm, von mindestens 50% besitzt, gemessen in einer Küvette mit einer Schichtdicke von 1 cm in Abwesenheit von Farbstoffen sowie abrasiven Teilchen. Vorzugsweise liegt die Lichtdurchlässigkeit oberhalb von 70%, besonders bevorzugt über 80%, insbesondere über 90%. Bevorzugt ist der optische Eindruck derjenige von einzelnen in einem klaren Reinigungsmittel stabil suspendierten, undurchsichtigen Teilchen. Diese Teilchen können dabei ebenso wie das sie umgebende Reinigungsmittel beliebige Farben annehmen, wobei Reinigungsmittel und Abrasivstoff gleich oder unterschiedlich gefärbt sein können."Largely transparent" in the sense of this invention is an agent which has a transmittance (transmission) for light of any wavelength in the visible range, ie between 400 and 800 nm, of at least 50%, measured in a cuvette with a layer thickness of 1 cm in Absence of dyes and abrasive particles. The light transmittance is preferably above 70%, particularly preferably above 80%, in particular above 90%. The optical impression is preferably that of individual, opaque particles stably suspended in a clear cleaning agent. Like the detergent surrounding them, these particles can take on any desired color, detergent and abrasive substance being colored the same or different.
Der Tensidgehalt von mehr als 15 Gew.-% bezeichnet die Gesamtmenge aniohischer, nichtionischer und amphoterer Tenside, bezogen auf das Reinigungsmittel. Ebenfalls Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels als Handgeschirrspülmittel.The surfactant content of more than 15% by weight denotes the total amount of anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, based on the cleaning agent. The present invention also relates to the use of the agent according to the invention as a hand dishwashing agent.
Dabei erfüllt das Mittel eine duale Funktion, denn einerseits kann es, vor allem in konzentrierter Form, zur Vorreinigung von stark verschmutztem, gegebenenfalls mit angebranntem Fettschmutz oder ähnlichen Verunreinigungen behaftetem Geschirr dienen, wobei die enthaltenen Abrasivstoffe zur schnelleren Freisetzung der Schmutzstoffe beitragen. Andererseits ist es aber auch in üblicher Weise durch Einbringen in eine verdünnte wäßrige Reinigungsflotte zum Spülen von normal verschmutztem Geschirr geeignet. Durch den Tensidgehalt von mehr als 15 Gew.-% weist das Mittel eine gute Reinigungsleistung auf.The agent fulfills a dual function, because on the one hand it can serve, especially in concentrated form, for the pre-cleaning of heavily soiled crockery, which may be contaminated with greasy grease or similar contaminants, with the abrasives contained contributing to the faster release of the contaminants. On the other hand, however, it is also suitable for washing normally soiled dishes in a customary manner by introducing them into a dilute aqueous cleaning liquor. Due to the surfactant content of more than 15% by weight, the agent has a good cleaning performance.
Neben Geschirr vermögen die Mittel aber ebenso gut auch andere harte Oberflächen, beispielsweise aus Glas, Keramik, Kunststoff, Emaille oder Metall in Haushalt und Gewerbe zu reinigen. Beispielsweise können Küchen- und vor allem Herdoberflächen, Backöfen und andere harte Oberflächen mit teilweise hartnäckigen und/oder fetthaltigen Verschmutzungen ebenso mit erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln gereinigt werden wie Badoberflächen, Kunststoffmöbel in Haus und Garten oder Fenster und andere Glasflächen, um nur einige Möglichkeiten zu nennen. Dementsprechend ist ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels als manuelles Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen.In addition to crockery, the detergents are just as good at cleaning other hard surfaces, for example made of glass, ceramic, plastic, enamel or metal, in the home and business. For example, kitchen and especially stove surfaces, ovens and other hard surfaces with partially stubborn and / or greasy soiling can be cleaned with agents according to the invention as well as bathroom surfaces, plastic furniture in the house and garden or windows and other glass surfaces, to name just a few options. Accordingly, the present invention further relates to the use of the agent according to the invention as a manual cleaning agent for hard surfaces.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung stehen Fettsäuren bzw. Fettalkohole bzw. deren Derivate - soweit nicht anders angegeben - stellvertretend für verzweigte oder unverzweigte Carbonsäuren bzw. Alkohole bzw. deren Derivate mit vorzugsweise 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen. Erstere sind insbesondere wegen ihrer pflanzlicher Basis als auf nachwachsenden Rohstoffen basierend aus ökologischen Gründen bevorzugt, ohne jedoch die erfindungsgemäße Lehre auf sie zu beschränken. Insbesondere sind auch die beispielsweise nach der ROELENschen Oxo-Synthese erhältlichen Oxo-Alkohole bzw. deren Derivate entsprechend einsetzbar.In the context of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, fatty acids or fatty alcohols or their derivatives are representative of branched or unbranched carboxylic acids or alcohols or their derivatives, preferably having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. The former are preferred for ecological reasons, in particular because of their vegetable basis than based on renewable raw materials, but without restricting the teaching according to the invention to them. In particular, the oxo alcohols or their derivatives obtainable, for example, according to ROELEN's oxo synthesis can also be used accordingly.
Wann immer im folgenden Erdalkalimetalle als Gegenionen für einwertige Anionen genannt sind, so bedeutet das, dass das Erdalkalimetall natürlich nur in der halben - zum Ladungsausgleich ausreichenden - Stoffmenge wie das Anion vorliegt.Whenever alkaline earth metals are mentioned in the following as counterions for monovalent anions, this means that the alkaline earth metal is naturally only present in half the amount of the substance - sufficient to balance the charge - like the anion.
Die Angabe INCI bedeutet, dass es sich bei der nachfolgenden - oder ggf. vorangehenden - Bezeichnung um einen Namen gemäß dem International Dictionary of Cosmetic In- gredients von The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA) handelt. Die Angabe CAS bedeutet, dass es sich bei der nachfolgenden Zahlenfolge um eine Bezeichnung des Chemical Abstracts Service handelt.INCI means that the following - or possibly previous - designation is a name according to the International Dictionary of Cosmetic In- gredients by The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA). The Information CAS means that the following sequence of numbers is a designation of the Chemical Abstracts Service.
Abrasivstoffeabrasives
Als Abrasivstoffe können im Sinne dieser Erfindung solche Stoffe eingesetzt werden, welche in dem Reinigungsmittel als Feststoffe suspendiert werden können und bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung des Mittels eine reinigungsunterstützende Wirkung aufweisen. Diese liegt in der scheuernden Wirkung der Teilchen, mittels derer auch stärker haftende Verschmutzungen abgelöst und in die Reinigungsflotte überführt werden können. Es ist dabei jedoch gleichzeitig erforderlich, daß die zu reinigende Oberfläche nicht durch die Wirkung des Abrasivstoffs zerkratzt, aufgerauht oder in anderer Weise angegriffen wird. Daher ist es bevorzugt, daß die Teilchen keine scharfen Kanten oder Spitzen besitzen. Insbesondere ist es bevorzugt, wenn kugelförmige oder ellipsoide, gegebenenfalls auch tropfenförmige Teilchen eingesetzt werden. Diese tragen mit ihrer Raumform neben der oberflächenschonenden Eigenschaft auch zum positiven optischen Eindruck des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels bei.For the purposes of this invention, such abrasives can be substances which can be suspended as solids in the cleaning agent and which have a cleaning-supporting effect when the agent is used according to the invention. This is due to the abrasive effect of the particles, by means of which even more strongly adhering soiling can be removed and transferred to the cleaning liquor. At the same time, however, it is necessary that the surface to be cleaned is not scratched, roughened or attacked in any other way by the action of the abrasive material. Therefore, it is preferred that the particles have no sharp edges or tips. In particular, it is preferred if spherical or ellipsoidal, optionally also drop-shaped particles are used. With their spatial shape, in addition to the surface-protecting property, they also contribute to the positive optical impression of the agent according to the invention.
Um eine abrasive Wirkung auch über einen längeren Zeitraum zu gewährleisten, ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, daß die Abrasivteilchen wasserunlöslich sind. Wird ein Gemisch aus verschiedenen Abrasivstoffen eingesetzt, so ist vorzugsweise mindestens ein Teil derselben wasserunlöslich, ein weiterer Teil kann jedoch auch wasserlöslich sein.In order to ensure an abrasive effect even over a longer period of time, it is further preferred that the abrasive particles are water-insoluble. If a mixture of different abrasive materials is used, at least a part of it is preferably water-insoluble, but another part can also be water-soluble.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel enthalten vorzugsweise Abrasivstoffe ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Kunststoffe, harte Wachse, natürliche Materialien, Keramikteilchen, anorganische Stoffe sowie Gemische derselben.The agents according to the invention preferably contain abrasives selected from the group comprising plastics, hard waxes, natural materials, ceramic particles, inorganic substances and mixtures thereof.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden als Abrasivstoffe Kunststoffpartikel eingesetzt. Der Kunststoff wird hierbei vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyester, Polycarbonat, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylacetat, Polymethylmethacrylat sowie Copolymere und Gemische derselben; besonders bevorzugt werden - ggf. pentanhaltige - Polystyrol-Kügel- chen verwendet, wie sie kommerziell beispielsweise als "Expandable Polystyrene (EPS)" unter verschiedenen Markennamen von der Firma Nova Chemicals erhältlich sind; ebenfalls von Nova Chemicals sind pentanfreie Polystyrolteilchen mit einem Gummikern, bei- spielsweise unter dem Namen „Polystyrene 843M" erhältlich, die ebenfalls bevorzugt in erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln eingesetzt werden.In a preferred embodiment, plastic particles are used as abrasives. The plastic is preferably selected from the group comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate as well as copolymers and mixtures thereof; particularly preferred are polystyrene beads, possibly containing pentane, such as are commercially available, for example, as "Expandable Polystyrene (EPS)" under various brand names from Nova Chemicals; Nova Chemicals also offers pentane-free polystyrene particles with a rubber core, for example available under the name "Polystyrene 843M", which are also preferably used in agents according to the invention.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform enthält Abrasivstoffe, die aus natürlichen Materialien gewonnen werden. Hierzu zählen im Sinne der Erfindung beispielsweise zerkleinerte Schalen von Haselnüssen, Mandeln, Paranüssen, Walnüssen, Kokosnüssen und weiteren Nüssen sowie Schalen der Steine verschiedener Obstarten, beispielsweise Aprikosen, Pfirsiche, Pflaumen usw., aber auch gegebenenfalls zerkleinerte Kerne von Trauben und verschiedenem Beerenobst, wie Erdbeeren, Himbeeren, Brombeeren usw. Unter Umständen können auch zerkleinerte Wurzeln oder Rindenstücke als Abrasiva dienen. Bei der Herstellung solcher aus natürlichen Materialien gewonnenen Abrasivstoffe ist es von besonderer Wichtigkeit, daß die Bildung scharfkantiger, unter Umständen die Oberfläche angreifender Teilchen vermieden wird.Another preferred embodiment contains abrasive substances which are obtained from natural materials. For the purposes of the invention, this includes, for example, crushed shells of hazelnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, walnuts, coconuts and other nuts and shells of stones from various types of fruit, for example apricots, peaches, plums etc., but also, if appropriate, crushed seeds of grapes and various soft fruits, such as Strawberries, raspberries, blackberries etc. Under certain circumstances, crushed roots or pieces of bark can also serve as abrasives. In the production of such abrasive materials obtained from natural materials, it is of particular importance that the formation of sharp-edged particles, which may attack the surface, is avoided.
Neben diesen genannten Abrasivstoffen können auch harte Wachse, Keramikteilchen, Glasperlen sowie anorganische Stoffe als scheuernde Teilchen im Sinne der Erfindung eingesetzt werden. Zu den einsetzbaren anorganischen Verbindungen gehören beispielsweise Alkalicarbonate, Alkalibicarbonate und Alkalisulfate, Alkaliborate, Alkaliphosphate, Siliciumdioxid, kristalline oder amorphe Alkalisilikate und Schichtsilikate, feinkristalline Natriumaluminiumsilikate, Aluminiumoxide und Calciumcarbonat.In addition to the abrasive substances mentioned, hard waxes, ceramic particles, glass beads and inorganic substances can also be used as abrasive particles in the sense of the invention. The inorganic compounds which can be used include, for example, alkali carbonates, alkali bicarbonates and alkali sulfates, alkali borates, alkali phosphates, silicon dioxide, crystalline or amorphous alkali silicates and layered silicates, finely crystalline sodium aluminum silicates, aluminum oxides and calcium carbonate.
Als Abrasivstoffe im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung können Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,05 bis 4 mm eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise weisen sie einen Durchmesser von 0,3 bis 1,5 mm auf. Weicht die Form der Teilchen von der Kugelform ab, so wird der Teilchendurchmesser über die drei Raumrichtungen gemittelt. Der Gehalt des Mittels an Abrasivstoff beträgt vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 10 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,3 bis 2 Gew.-%.Particles with a diameter of 0.05 to 4 mm can be used as abrasives in the sense of the present invention. They preferably have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.5 mm. If the shape of the particles deviates from the spherical shape, the particle diameter is averaged over the three spatial directions. The abrasive content of the agent is preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 2% by weight.
Verdickungsmittelthickener
Verdickungsmitte! im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Polycarboxylate, vorzugsweise Homo- und Copolymerisate der Acrylsäure, insbesondere Acrylsäure-Copolymere wie Acrylsäure-Methacrylsäure-Copolymere, und Polysaccharide, insbesondere Hetero- polysaccharide, sowie andere übliche polymere Verdicker. Daneben können auch Schichtsilikate und weitere dem Fachmann als Verdickungsmittel bekannte anorganische Stoffe als Verdickungsmittel im Sinne dieser Erfindung eingesetzt werden; auch Gemische aus verschiedenen Verdickungsmitteln können zum Einsatz kommen. Es ist ledig- lieh darauf zu achten, daß beim Einsatz des Verdickungsmittels der weitgehend transparente optische Eindruck erhalten bleibt. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch Polymere, vor allem Polycarboxylate und/oder Polysaccharide, als Verdickungsmittel in erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmitteln eingesetzt.Thickener! For the purposes of the present invention, polycarboxylates, preferably homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, in particular acrylic acid copolymers such as acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, and polysaccharides, in particular heteropolysaccharides, and other customary polymeric thickeners. In addition, layered silicates and other inorganic substances known to those skilled in the art as thickeners can also be used as thickeners in the sense of this invention; Mixtures of different thickeners can also be used. It's single lent attention to ensure that the largely transparent optical impression is retained when using the thickener. However, polymers, especially polycarboxylates and / or polysaccharides, are preferably used as thickeners in cleaning agents according to the invention.
Geeignete Polysaccharide bzw. Heteropolysaccharide sind die Polysaccharidgummen, beispielsweise Gummi arabicum, Agar, Alginate, Carrageene und ihre Salze, Guar, Gua- ran, Tragacant, Gellan, Ramsan, Dextran oder Xanthan und ihre Derivate, z.B. propoxy- liertes Guar, sowie ihre Mischungen. Andere Polysaccharidverdicker, wie Stärken oder Cellulosederivate, können alternativ, vorzugsweise aber zusätzlich zu einem Polysaccha- ridgummi eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise Stärken verschiedensten Ursprungs und Stärkederivate, z.B. Hydroxyethylstärke, Stärkephosphatester oder Stärkeacetate, oder Carboxymethylcellulose bzw. ihr Natriumsalz, Methyl-, Ethyl-, Hydroxyethyl-, Hydroxypro- pyl-, Hydroxypropyl-methyl- oder Hydroxyethyl-methyl-cellulose oder Celluloseacetat.Suitable polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides are the polysaccharide gums, for example gum arabic, agar, alginates, carrageenan and their salts, guar, guaran, tragacant, gellan, ramsan, dextran or xanthan and their derivatives, e.g. propoxylated guar and their mixtures. Other polysaccharide thickeners, such as starches or cellulose derivatives, can be used as an alternative, but preferably in addition to a polysaccharide rubber, for example starches of various origins and starch derivatives, e.g. Hydroxyethyl starch, starch phosphate ester or starch acetate, or carboxymethyl cellulose or its sodium salt, methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxypropyl methyl or hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose or cellulose acetate.
Ein bevorzugtes Polymer ist das mikrobielle anionische Heteropolysaccharid Xanthan Gum, das von Xanthomonas campestris und einigen anderen Spezies unter aeroben Bedingungen mit einem Molekulargewicht von 2-15* 106 produziert wird und beispielsweise von der Fa. Kelco unter den Handelsnamen KeltroP und Kelzan ® oder auch von der Firma Rhodia unter dem Handelsnamen Rhodopol® erhältlich ist.A preferred polymer is the microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide xanthan gum containing 10 6, under aerobic conditions with a molecular weight of 2-15 * produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species and, for example, from the company. Kelco under the trade names KeltroP and Kelzan ® or is available from Rhodia under the trade name Rhodopol ® .
Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Polymer ist das ebenfalls mikrobielle Heteropolysaccharid Gellan Gum, das unter aeroben Bedingungen beispielsweise von Auromonas elodea und vor allem von Sphingomonas paueimobilis- Stämmen gebildet wird. Gellan Gum kann beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Kelcogef in verschiedenen Qualitäten von der Firma Kelco bezogen werden.Another preferred polymer is the microbial heteropolysaccharide Gellan Gum, which is formed under aerobic conditions, for example from Auromonas elodea and especially from Sphingomonas paueimobilis strains. Gellan Gum, for example, can be obtained from Kelco under the Kelcogef trade name in various qualities.
Geeignete Acrylsäure-Polymere sind beispielsweise hochmolekulare mit einem Polyalke- nylpolyether, insbesondere einem Allylether von Saccharose, Pentaerythrit oder Propylen, vernetzte Homopolymere der Acrylsäure (INCI Carbomer), die auch als Carboxyvinylpoly- mere bezeichnet werden. Solche Polyacrylsäuren sind u.a. von der Fa. BFGoodrich unter dem Handelsnamen CarbopoF erhältlich.Suitable acrylic acid polymers are, for example, high molecular weight homopolymers of acrylic acid (INCI carbomer) crosslinked with a polyalkenyl polyether, in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene, which are also referred to as carboxyvinyl polymers. Such polyacrylic acids include available from BFGoodrich under the trade name CarbopoF.
Besonders geeignete Polymere sind aber folgende Acrylsäure-Copolymere: (i) Copoly- mere von zwei oder mehr Monomeren aus der Gruppe der Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und ihrer einfachen, vorzugsweise mit C^-Alkanolen gebildeten, Ester (INCI Acrylates Copolymer), zu denen etwa die Copolymere von Methacrylsäure, ßutylacryJat und Me- thylmethacrylat (CAS 25035-69-2) oder von Butylacrylat und Methylmethacrylat (CAS 25852-37-3) gehören und die beispielsweise von der Fa. Rohm & Haas unter den Handelsnamen Aculyn® und Acusof® sowie von der Firma Degussa (Goldschmidt) unter dem Handelsnamen Tego® Polymer erhältlich sind; (ii) vernetzte hochmolekulare Acrylsäureco- polymere, zu denen etwa die mit einem Allylether der Saccharose oder des Pentaerythrits vernetzten Copolymere von C10.3o-Alkylacrylaten mit einem oder mehreren Monomeren aus der Gruppe der Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und ihrer einfachen, vorzugsweise mit C^-Alkanolen gebildeten, Ester (INCI Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer) gehören und die beispielsweise von der Fa. BFGoodrich unter dem Handelsnamen CarbopoP erhältlich sind.However, particularly suitable polymers are the following acrylic acid copolymers: (i) copolymers of two or more monomers from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple esters (INCI acrylates copolymer), which are preferably formed with C 1-4 -alkanols, for example the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and me- Methyl methacrylate (CAS 25035-69-2) or of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS 25852-37-3) belong to and for example from Rohm & Haas under the trade names Aculyn ® and Acusof ® and from Degussa (Goldschmidt) the trade name Tego ® polymer are available; (ii) crosslinked high molecular acrylic copolymers, for example the copolymers of C 10 crosslinked with an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerythritol. 3 o-alkyl acrylates with one or more monomers from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple esters (INCI acrylates / C 10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer), preferably formed with C 1-4 alkanols, and which belong, for example, from BFGoodrich are available under the trade name CarbopoP.
Als anorganische Verdickungsmittel können vor allem Schichtsilikate eingesetzt werden. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise die unter dem Handelsnamen Laponite® erhältlichen Magnesium- oder Natrium-Magnesium- Schichtsilikate der Firma Solvay Alkali, insbesondere das Laponite® RD oder auch Laponite® RDS, sowie die Magnesiumsilikate der Firma Süd- Chemie, vor allem das OptigeF SH.Layered silicates in particular can be used as inorganic thickeners. These include, for example, the magnesium or sodium-magnesium layer silicates from Solvay Alkali available under the trade name Laponite ® , in particular Laponite ® RD or Laponite ® RDS, as well as magnesium silicates from Süd-Chemie, especially OptigeF SH.
Die Auswahl des Verdickungsmittels erfolgt immer auch mit der Maßgabe, daß der weitgehend transparente optische Eindruck erhalten bleiben soll, d.h. Eintrübungen durch das Verdickungsmittels sind weitgehend zu vermeiden Der Gehalt an Verdickungsmittel beträgt üblicherweise zwischen 0,01 und 8 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 6 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,5 und 3 Gew.-%, beispielsweise zwischen 0,5 und 1 Gew.-% oder zwischen 2 und 3 Gew.-%. Die Viskosität der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel wird wesentlich über den Gehalt an Verdickungsmittel eingestellt bzw. gesteuert, wobei die erforderlichen Mengen von Verdicker zu Verdicker unterschiedlich sein können. Auch die verwendete Tensidzusammensetzung spielt in der Mengenwahl eine Rolle.The thickener is always selected with the proviso that the largely transparent optical impression should be retained, i.e. Cloudiness caused by the thickener should be largely avoided. The thickener content is usually between 0.01 and 8% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 6% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 3% by weight. for example between 0.5 and 1% by weight or between 2 and 3% by weight. The viscosity of the agents according to the invention is essentially adjusted or controlled via the content of thickener, the amounts required being able to vary from thickener to thickener. The surfactant composition used also plays a role in the choice of quantity.
ElektrolvtsalzeElektrolvtsalze
Je nach eingesetztem Verdickungsmittel kann es wünschenswert sein, zur Stabilisierung zusätzlich Elektrolytsalze einzusetzen. Elektrolytsalze im Sinne dieser Erfindung sind dabei Salze aus vorzugsweise mehrwertigen Kationen mit anorganischen Säureresten. Insbesondere bevorzugt sind hierbei die Chloride und Sulfate der Erdalkalimetalle, des Aluminiums und des Zinks, vor allem das Aluminiumchlorid. Der Einsatz dieser Elektrolytsalze ist vor allem in Verbindung mit Polysaccharid- Verdickungsmitteln wie Xanthan oder Gellan von Vorteil. TensideDepending on the thickener used, it may be desirable to use additional electrolyte salts for stabilization. Electrolyte salts for the purposes of this invention are salts of preferably polyvalent cations with inorganic acid residues. The chlorides and sulfates of the alkaline earth metals, aluminum and zinc, especially aluminum chloride, are particularly preferred. The use of these electrolyte salts is particularly advantageous in combination with polysaccharide thickeners such as xanthan or gellan. surfactants
Das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsmittel enthält ein oder mehrere Tenside, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Aniontenside, nichtionische Tenside, Amphotenside sowie Gemische derselben. Insgesamt verwendet man die Tenside üblicherweise in Mengen von mehr als 15 bis 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von 16 bis 35 Gew.-%.The cleaning agent according to the invention contains one or more surfactants selected from the group comprising anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof. Overall, the surfactants are usually used in amounts of more than 15 to 40% by weight, preferably 16 to 35% by weight.
Aniontensideanionic surfactants
Anionische Tenside gemäß der Erfindung können aliphatische Sulfate wie Fettalkoholsulfate, Fettalkoholethersulfate, Dialkylethersulfate, Monoglyceridsulfate und aliphatische Sulfonate wie Alkansulfonate, Olefinsulfonate, Ethersulfonate, π-Alkylethersulfonate, Estersulfonate und Ligninsulfonate sein. Ebenfalls im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendbar sind Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Fettsäurecyanamide, Sulfobernsteinsäureester, Fettsäureisethionate, Acylaminoalkansulfonate (Fettsäuretauride), Fettsäuresarcosinate, Ethercarbonsäuren und Alkyl(ether)phosphate.Anionic surfactants according to the invention can be aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic sulfonates such as alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ether sulfonates, π-alkyl ether sulfonates, ester sulfonates and lignin sulfonates. Alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid isethionates, acylaminoalkanesulfonates (fatty acid taurides), fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids and alkyl (ether) phosphates can also be used in the context of the present invention.
Die Alkylethersulfate, Alkyl- und/oder Arylsulfonate und/oder Alkylsulfate sowie die weiteren anionische Tenside werden üblicherweise als Alkalimetall-, Erdalkalimetall- und/oder Mono-, Di- bzw. Trialkanolammoniumsatz und/oder aber auch in Form ihrer mit dem entsprechenden Alkalimetallhydroxid, Erdalkalimetallhydroxid und/oder Mono-, Di- bzw. Trial- kanolamin in situ zu neutralisierenden korrespondierenden Säure eingesetzt. Bevorzugt sind hierbei als Alkalimetalle Kalium und insbesondere Natrium, als Erdalkalimetalle Cal- cium und insbesondere Magnesium, sowie als Alkanolamine Mono-, Di- oder Triethanol- amin. Besonders bevorzugt sind die Natriumsalze.The alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl and / or aryl sulfonates and / or alkyl sulfates and the further anionic surfactants are usually used as alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and / or mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium and / or also in the form of them with the corresponding alkali metal hydroxide, Alkaline earth metal hydroxide and / or mono-, di- or trialkanolamine used in situ to be neutralized corresponding acid. Potassium and in particular sodium are preferred as alkali metals, calcium and in particular magnesium as alkaline earth metals, and mono-, di- or triethanolamine as alkanolamines. The sodium salts are particularly preferred.
Alkylethersulfatealkyl ether
Alkylethersulfate (Fettalkoholethersulfate, INCI Alkyl Ether Sulfates) sind Produkte von Sulfatierreaktionen an alkoxylierten Alkoholen. Dabei versteht der Fachmann allgemein unter alkoxylierten Alkoholen die Reaktionsprodukte von Alkylenoxid, bevorzugt Ethylen- oxid, mit Alkoholen, im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung bevorzugt mit längerkettigen Alkoholen, d.h. mit aliphatischen geradkettigen oder ein oder mehrfach verzweigten, acycli- schen oder cyclischen, gesättigten oder ein oder mehrfach ungesättigten, vorzugsweise geradkettigen, acyclischen, gesättigten, Alkoholen mit 6 bis 22, vorzugsweise 8 bis 18, insbesondere 10 bis 16 und besonders bevorzugt 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen. In der Regel entsteht aus n Molen Ethylenoxid und einem Mol Alkohol, abhängig von den Reaktionsbedingungen, ein komplexes Gemisch von Additionsprodukten unterschiedlicher Eth- oxylierungsgrade (n = 1 bis 30, vorzugsweise 0.3 bis 20, insbesondere 0.3 bis 10, besonders bevorzugt 0.3 bis 5). Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Alkoxylierung besteht im Einsatz von Gemischen der Alkylenoxide, bevorzugt des Gemisches von Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid. Ganz besonders bevorzugt im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind niederethoxylierte Fettalkohole mit 0.3 bis 4 Ethylenoxideinheiten (EO), insbesondere 0.3 bis 2 EO, beispielsweise 0.5 EO, 1.0 EO, 1.3 EO und/oder 2.0 EO wie Na-C12.1 -Fettal- kohol+0.5EO-sulfat, Na-C12.14-Fettalkohol+1.3EO-sulfat, Na-C 2.1 -Fettalkohol+2.0EO-sul- fat und/oder Mg-Cn.14-Fettalkohol+1.0EO-sulfat.Alkyl ether sulfates (fatty alcohol ether sulfates, INCI alkyl ether sulfates) are products of sulfation reactions on alkoxylated alcohols. The person skilled in the art generally understands alkoxylated alcohols to mean the reaction products of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, with alcohols, for the purposes of the present invention preferably with longer-chain alcohols, ie with aliphatic straight-chain or one or more branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or one or polyunsaturated, preferably straight-chain, acyclic, saturated alcohols having 6 to 22, preferably 8 to 18, in particular 10 to 16 and particularly preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms. As a rule, a complex mixture of addition products of different ethers is formed from n moles of ethylene oxide and one mole of alcohol, depending on the reaction conditions. degrees of oxylation (n = 1 to 30, preferably 0.3 to 20, in particular 0.3 to 10, particularly preferably 0.3 to 5). A further embodiment of the alkoxylation consists in using mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Low-ethoxylated fatty alcohols with 0.3 to 4 ethylene oxide units (EO), in particular 0.3 to 2 EO, for example 0.5 EO, 1.0 EO, 1.3 EO and / or 2.0 EO such as Na-C 12, are very particularly preferred for the purposes of the present invention. 1 fatty alcohol + 0.5EO sulfate, Na-C 12 . 14 - fatty alcohol + 1.3EO sulfate, Na-C 2 . 1 fatty alcohol + 2.0EO sulphate and / or Mg-Cn. 14 -Fatty alcohol + 1.0EO sulfate.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann ein oder mehrere Alkylethersulfate in einer Menge von üblicherweise 1 bis 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 3 bis 30 Gew.-%, insbesondere mehr als 6 bis 26 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 8 bis 20 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 10 bis 16 Gew.- % enthalten.The agent according to the invention can contain one or more alkyl ether sulfates in an amount of usually 1 to 40% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, in particular more than 6 to 26% by weight, particularly preferably 8 to 20% by weight , most preferably contain 10 to 16% by weight.
Alkyl- und/oder ArylsulfonateAlkyl and / or aryl sulfonates
Die Alkylsulfonate (INCI Sulfonic Acids) weisen üblicherweise einen aliphatischen geradkettigen oder ein- oder mehrfach verzweigten, acyclischen oder cyclischen, gesättigten oder ein- oder mehrfach ungesättigten, vorzugsweise verzweigten, acyclischen, gesättigten, Alkylrest mit 6 bis 22, vorzugsweise 9 bis 20, insbesondere 11 bis 18 und besonders bevorzugt 13 bis 17 Kohlenstoffatomen auf.The alkyl sulfonates (INCI sulfonic acids) usually have an aliphatic straight-chain or mono- or poly-branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or mono- or poly-unsaturated, preferably branched, acyclic, saturated, alkyl radical with 6 to 22, preferably 9 to 20, in particular 11 to 18 and particularly preferably 13 to 17 carbon atoms.
Geeignete Alkylsulfonate sind dementsprechend die gesättigten Alkansulfonate, die ungesättigten Olefinsulfonate und die - sich formal von den auch den Alkylethersulfaten zugrundeliegenden alkoxylierten Alkoholen ableitenden - Ethersulfonate, bei denen man endständige Ethersulfonate (/.-Ethersulfonate) mit an die Polyether-Kette gebundener Sul- fonat-Funktion und innenständige Ethersulfonate (/-Ethersulfonate) mit dem Alkylrest verknüpfter Sulfonat-Funktion.Suitable alkyl sulfonates are accordingly the saturated alkane sulfonates, the unsaturated olefin sulfonates and the ether sulfonates, which are formally derived from the alkoxylated alcohols on which the alkyl ether sulfates are also based, in which terminal ether sulfonates (/. Ether sulfonates) with sulfonate bonded to the polyether chain Function and internal ether sulfonates (/ ether sulfonates) linked to the alkyl radical sulfonate function.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt sind die Alkansulfonate, insbesondere Alkansulfonate mit einem verzweigten, vorzugsweise sekundären, Alkylrest, beispielsweise das sekundäre Alkansulfonat sek. Na-C13.17-Alkansulfonat (INCI Sodium C14-17 Alkyl See Sulfonate).Preferred according to the invention are the alkanesulfonates, in particular alkanesulfonates with a branched, preferably secondary, alkyl radical, for example the secondary alkanesulfonate sec. Na-C 13 . 17 alkanesulfonate (INCI Sodium C14-17 alkyl see sulfonates).
Bevorzugt eingesetzte Arylsulfonate sind Alkylbenzolsulfonate, wobei die Alkylreste verzweigte und unverzweigte Ketten mit C C^, bevorzugt C2-Cι8, besonders bevorzugt C6- C16 und am meisten bevorzugt C8-C12 darstellen. Besonders bevorzugte Beispiele sind hierbei LAS und/oder Cumolsulfonat. Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann ein oder mehrere Alkyl- und/oder Arylsulfonate in einer Menge von üblicherweise 0,1 bis weniger als 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0.1 bis 30 Gew.-%, insbesondere 1 bis weniger als 14 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 10 Gew.- %, äußerst bevorzugt 4 bis 8 Gew.-% enthalten.Preferred arylsulfonates are alkylbenzenesulfonates, the alkyl radicals being branched and unbranched chains with CC ^, preferably C 2 -C 8 , particularly preferably C 6 -C 16 and most preferably C 8 -C 12 . LAS and / or cumene sulfonate are particularly preferred examples. The agent according to the invention can contain one or more alkyl and / or aryl sulfonates in an amount of usually 0.1 to less than 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, in particular 1 to less than 14% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight, most preferably 4 to 8% by weight.
Alkylsulfatealkyl sulfates
In der vorliegenden Erfindung können auch Alkylsulfate wie z.B. Fettalkoholsulfate eingesetzt werden. Geeignete Alkylsulfate sind Sulfate gesättigter und ungesättigter Fettalkohole mit C6-C22l bevorzugt Cι0-Cι8 und besonders bevorzugt von Cn-C16. Besonders geeignete Alkylsulfate sind solche mit nativem C-Schritt und/oder petrochemischem C-Schritt C12_13, C14_C15 im Bereich von 0 bis 15 %, bevorzugt 0-10%, besonders bevorzugt 0-8 %.In the present invention, alkyl sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates can also be used. Suitable alkyl sulfates are sulfates of saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols with C 6 -C 22l, preferably C 0 -C 8, and particularly preferably of Cn-C 16 . Particularly suitable alkyl sulfates are those with a native C step and / or petrochemical C-step C 12 _13, C 14 _ C1 5 in the range from 0 to 15%, preferably 0-10%, particularly preferably 0-8%.
Weitere AniontensideOther anionic surfactants
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann zusätzlich ein oder mehrere weitere anionische Tenside enthalten, üblicherweise in einer Menge von 0,001 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,2 bis 2 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, beispielsweise 1 Gew.-%.The agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more further anionic surfactants, usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
Geeignete weitere anionische Tenside sind insbesondere aliphatische Sulfate wie Monoglyceridsulfate sowie Estersulfonate (Sulfofettsäureester), Ligninsulfonate, Fettsäurecyan- amide, anionische Sulfobemsteinsäuretenside, Fettsäureisethionate, Acylaminoalkansul- fonate (Fettsäuretauride), Fettsäuresarcosinate, Ethercarbonsäuren und Alkyl(ether)- phosphate.Suitable further anionic surfactants are, in particular, aliphatic sulfates such as monoglyceride sulfates and ester sulfonates (sulfofatty acid esters), lignin sulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, fatty acid isethionates, acylamino alkane sulfonates (fatty acid taurides), alkyl ether carboxylic acids, and fatty acid carboxates.
Geeignete weitere anionische Tenside sind auch anionische Gemini-Tenside mit einer Diphenyloxid-Grundstruktur, 2 Sulfonatgruppen und einem Alkylrest an einem oder beiden Benzolringen gemäß der Formel O3S(C6H3R)O(C6H3 ,)SO3 ", in der R für einen Alkylrest mit beispielsweise 6, 10, 12 oder 16 Kohlenstoffatomen und R' für R oder H steht (Dowfax® Dry Hydrotrope Powder mit C16-Alkylrest(en); INCI Sodium Hexyldiphenyl Ether Sulfonate, Disodium Decyl Phenyl Ether Disulfonate, Disodium Lauryl Phenyl Ether Disul- fonate, Disodium Cetyl Phenyl Ether Disulfonate) und fluorierte anionische Tenside, insbesondere perfluorierte Alkylsulfonate wie Ammonium-C9 ιo-Perfluoroalkylsulfonat (Fluorad® FC 120) und Perfluoroctansulfonsäure-Kalium-Salz (Fluorad® FC 95). Anionische SulfobernsteinsäuretensideSuitable further anionic surfactants are also anionic gemini surfactants with a diphenyl oxide basic structure, 2 sulfonate groups and an alkyl radical on one or both benzene rings according to the formula O 3 S (C 6 H3R) O (C 6 H3 , ) SO 3 " , in which R is an alkyl radical with, for example, 6, 10, 12 or 16 carbon atoms and R 'is R or H (Dowfax ® Dry hydrotropes Powder with C 16 alkyl radical (s); INCI Sodium Hexyldiphenyl ether sulfonates, disodium decyl phenyl ether disulfonates, Disodium Lauryl phenyl ether disulfonate, disodium cetyl phenyl ether disulfonate) and fluorinated anionic surfactants, in particular perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates such as ammonium-C 9 -perfluoroalkyl sulfonate (Fluorad ® FC 120) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid potassium salt (Fluorad ® FC 95). Anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants
Besonders bevorzugte weitere anionische Tenside sind die anionischen Sulfobernsteinsäuretenside Sulfosuccinate, Sulfosuccinamate und Sulfosuccinamide, insbesondere Sul- fosuccinate und Sulfosuccinamate, äußerst bevorzugt Sulfosuccinate. Bei den Sulfosuc- cinaten handelt es sich um die Salze der Mono- und Diester der Sulfobernsteinsäure HOOCCH(SO3H)CH2COOH, während man unter den Sulfosuccinamaten die Salze der Monoamide der Sulfobernsteinsäure und unter den Sulfosuccinamiden die Salze der Di- amide der Sulfobernsteinsäure versteht. Eine ausführliche Beschreibung dieser bekannten Aniontenside liefern A. Domsch und B. Irrgang in Anionic surfactants: organic chemistry (edited by H. W. Stäche; Surfactant science series; volume 56; ISBN 0-8247- 9394-3; Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1996, S. 501-549).Particularly preferred further anionic surfactants are the anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and sulfosuccinamides, in particular sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates, extremely preferably sulfosuccinates. The sulfosuccinates are the salts of the mono- and diesters of sulfosuccinic acid HOOCCH (SO 3 H) CH 2 COOH, while the sulfosuccinamates are the salts of the monoamides of sulfosuccinic acid and the sulfosuccinamides are the salts of the diamides of Understands sulfosuccinic acid. A. Domsch and B. Irrgang in Anionic surfactants: organic chemistry (edited by HW Stäch; Surfactant science series; volume 56; ISBN 0-8247-9394-3; Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York provide a detailed description of these known anionic surfactants 1996, pp. 501-549).
Bei den Salzen handelt es sich bevorzugt um Alkalimetallsalze, Ammoniumsalze sowie Mono-, Di- bzw. Trialkanolammoniumsalze, beispielsweise Mono-, Di- bzw. Triethanolam- moniumsalze, insbesondere um Lithium-, Natrium-, Kalium- oder Ammoniumsalze, besonders bevorzugt Natrium- oder Ammoniumsalze, äußerst bevorzugt Natriumsalze.The salts are preferably alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium salts, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, particularly preferably sodium or ammonium salts, most preferably sodium salts.
In den Sulfosuccinaten ist eine bzw. sind beide Carboxylgruppen der Sulfobernsteinsäure vorzugsweise mit einem bzw. zwei gleichen oder verschiedenen unverzweigten oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten, acyclischen oder cyclischen, optional alkoxylierten Alkoholen mit 4 bis 22, vorzugsweise 6 bis 20, insbesondere 8 bis 18, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 16, äußerst bevorzugt 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen verestert. Besonders bevorzugt sind die Ester unverzweigter und/oder gesättigter und/oder acyclischer und/- oder alkoxylierter Alkohole, insbesondere unverzweigter, gesättigter Fettalkohole und/- oder unverzweigter, gesättigter, mit Ethylen- und/oder Propylenoxid, vorzugsweise Ethy- lenoxid, alkoxylierter Fettalkohole mit einem Alkoxylierungsgrad von 1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 1 bis 15, insbesondere 1 bis 10, besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 6, äußerst bevorzugt 1 bis 4. Die Monoester werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung gegenüber den Di- estern bevorzugt. Ein besonders bevorzugtes Sulfosuccinat ist Sulfobernsteinsäurelauryl- polyglykolester-di-Natrium-Salz (Lauryl-EO-sulfosuccinat, Di-Na-Salz; INCI Disodium Lau- reth Sulfosuccinate), das beispielsweise als Tego® Sulfosuccinat F 30 (Goldschmidt) mit einem Sulfosuccinatgehalt von 30 Gew.-% kommerziell erhältlich ist.In the sulfosuccinates, one or both carboxyl groups of sulfosuccinic acid are preferably with one or two identical or different unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, optionally alkoxylated alcohols with 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18 , particularly preferably 10 to 16, most preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms esterified. Particularly preferred are the esters of unbranched and / or saturated and / or acyclic and / - or alkoxylated alcohols, in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alcohols and / - or unbranched, saturated, with ethylene and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, alkoxylated fatty alcohols a degree of alkoxylation of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, in particular 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 6, extremely preferably 1 to 4. In the context of the present invention, the monoesters are preferred over the diesters. A particularly preferred sulfosuccinate is sulfosuccinic acid, lauryl polyglycol ester di-sodium salt (lauryl-EO sulfosuccinate, di-Na salt; INCI Disodium Laureth sulfosuccinate), which, for example, as Tego ® sulfosuccinate F 30 (Goldschmidt) with a sulfosuccinate content of 30 wt .-% is commercially available.
In den Sulfosuccinamaten bzw. Sulfosuccinamiden bildet eine bzw. bilden beide Carboxylgruppen der Sulfobernsteinsäure vorzugsweise mit einem primären oder sekundären Amin, das einen oder zwei gleiche oder verschiedene, unverzweigte oder verzweigte, ge- sättigte oder ungesättigte, acydische oder cydische, optional alkoxylierte Alkylreste mit 4 bis 22, vorzugsweise 6 bis 20, insbesondere 8 bis 18, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 16, äußerst bevorzugt 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen trägt, ein Carbonsäureamid. Besonders bevorzugt sind unverzweigte und/oder gesättigte und/oder acy ische Alkylreste, insbesondere unverzweigte, gesättigte Fettalkylreste.In the sulfosuccinamates or sulfosuccinamides, one or both carboxyl groups of sulfosuccinic acid preferably form with a primary or secondary amine which contains one or two identical or different, unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acydic or cydic, optionally alkoxylated alkyl radicals with 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18, particularly preferably 10 to 16, most preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, a carboxamide. Unbranched and / or saturated and / or acy ische alkyl radicals, in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alkyl radicals are particularly preferred.
Weiterhin geeignet sind beispielsweise die folgenden gemäß INCI bezeichneten Sulfosuccinate und Sulfosuccinamate, die im International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook näher beschrieben sind: Ammonium Dinonyl Sulfosuccinate, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate, Diammonium Dimethicone Copolyol Sulfosuccinate, Diammonium Laur- amido-MEA Sulfosuccinate, Diammonium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate, Diammonium Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Diamyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicapryl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicyclohexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diheptyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dihexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diisobutyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cetearyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cocamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Coc- amido MIPA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cocamido PEG-3 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Coco- Glucoside Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cocoyl Butyl Gluceth-10 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium C12-15 Pareth Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Deceth-5 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Deceth-6 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Dihydroxyethyl Suffosuccinylundecylenate, Disodium Dimethicone Copolyol Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Hydrogenated Cottonseed Glyceride Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isodecyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isostearamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isostearamido MIPA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isostearyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Laneth-5 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Lauramido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Laur- amido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Lauramido PEG-5 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Lau- reth-6 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Laureth-9 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Laureth-12 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Myristamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamido MIPA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleth-3 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Palmitamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Palmitoleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium PEG-4 Cocamido MIPA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium PEG-5 Laurylcitrate Sulfosuccinate, Disodium PEG-8 Palm Glycerides Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Ricinoleamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Sitostereth-14 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Stearamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Stearyl Sulfosuccinamate, Disodium Stearyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Tallamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Tallowamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Tallow Sulfo- succinamate, Disodium Tridecylsulfosuccinate, Disodium Undecylenamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Undecylenamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Wheat Germ- amido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Wheat Germamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Di-TEA- Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Ditridecyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Sodium Bisglycol Rici- nosulfosuccinate, Sodium/MEA Laureth-2 Sulfosuccinate und Tetrasodium Dicarboxyethyl Stearyl Sulfosuccinamate. Noch ein weiteres geeignetes Sulfosuccinamat ist Dinatrium- C16.18-alkoxypropylensulfosuccinamat.Also suitable are, for example, the following sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates designated according to INCI, which are described in more detail in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook: ammonium dinonyl sulfosuccinate, ammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium dimethicone copolyol sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauramido-MEA sulfosuccinate, sulfosuccinate, diammonium Diammonium Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Diamyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicapryl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dicyclohexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diheptyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dihexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diisobutyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Cisuccinate Amino Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl Sodium Disulfonate -Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cocamido PEG-3 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Coco- Glucoside Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Cocoyl Butyl Gluceth-10 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium C12-15 Pareth Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Deceth-5 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Deceth-6 Su lfosuccinate, Disodium Dihydroxyethyl Suffosuccinylundecylenate, Disodium Dimethicone Copolyol Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Hydrogenated Cottonseed Glyceride Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isodecyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isostearamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Isostearamido, Disulfosuccinate Disodium Isulfinate Disodisulfinate Lauramido PEG-2 sulfosuccinate, disodium Lauramido PEG-5 sulfosuccinate, disodium Laureth-6 sulfosuccinate, disodium Laureth-9 sulfosuccinate, disodium Laureth-12 sulfosuccinate, disodium Lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium myristamido MEA sulfosuccinolate, disodium nonoxynoxyn , Disodium Oleamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamido MIPA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleth-3 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleyl Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Palmitamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Palmitoleamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinip A-sulfosuccinate, disodium PEG-5 lauryl citrate sulfosuccinate, disodium PEG-8 palm glycerides sulfosuccinate, disodium ricinoleamido MEA sulfosuccinate, disodium sitostereth-14 sulfosuccinate, disodium stearamido MEA sulfosuccinate, disodium stearyl sulfosuccinyl disulfamate disodium disosaminosulfinate, disodium , Disodium Tallowamido MEA Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Tallow Sulfo- succinamate, Disodium Tridecylsulfosuccinate, Disodium Undecylenamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Undecylenamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Wheat Germ- amido MEA-Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Wheat Germamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate, Di-TEA-Doluccinate PEG-2 Bisglycol Ricinosulfosuccinate, Sodium / MEA Laureth-2 Sulfosuccinate and Tetrasodium Dicarboxyethyl Stearyl Sulfosuccinamate. Another suitable sulfosuccinamate is disodium C 16 . 18 alkoxypropylene sulfosuccinamate.
Bevorzugte anionische Sulfobernsteinsäuretenside sind Imidosuccinat, Mono-Na-sulfo- bernsteinsäure-di-isobutylester (Monawet® MB 45), Mono-Na-sulfobernsteinsäure-di-octyl- ester (Monawet® MO-84 R2W, Rewopol® SB DO 75), Mono-Na-sulfobernsteinsäure-di-tri- decylester (Monawet® MT 70), Fettalkoholpolyglykolsulfosuccinat-Na-NH4-Salz (Sulfosuccinat S-2), Di-Na-su!fobernsteinsäure-mono-C1214-3EO-ester (Texapon® SB-3), Natri- umsulfobemsteinsäurediisooctylester (Texin® DOS 75) und Di-Na-Sulfobernsteinsäure- mono-C 2/18-ester (Texin® 128-P), insbesondere der mit der erfindungsgemäßen ternären Tensidkombination hinsichtlich des Ablauf- und/oder Trocknungsverhaltens synergistisch zusammenwirkende Mono-Na-sulfobemsteinsäure-di-octylester.Preferred anionic sulfosuccinic are imidosuccinate, mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid diisobutyl ester (Monawet MB ® 45), mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl ester (Monawet MO-84 ® R2W, Rewopol SB ® DO 75), Mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-tri-decyl ester (Monawet ® MT 70), fatty alcohol polyglycolsulfosuccinate-Na-NH 4 salt (sulfosuccinate S-2), di-Na-su! Monosuccinic acid mono-C 1214 -3EO-ester ( Texapon ® SB-3), diisooctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Texin ® DOS 75) and di-Na sulfosuccinic acid mono-C 2/18 ester (Texin ® 128-P), especially those with the ternary surfactant combination according to the invention with regard to and / or drying behavior synergistically interacting mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl esters.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform enthält das erfindungsgemäße Mittel als anionische Sulfobernsteinsäuretenside ein oder mehrere Sulfosuccinate, Sulfosuccinamate und/oder Sulfosuccinamide, vorzugsweise Sulfosuccinate und/oder Sulfosuccinamate, insbesondere Sulfosuccinate, in einer Menge von üblicherweise 0,001 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,2 bis 2 Gew.- %, äußerst bevorzugt 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, beispielsweise 1 Gew.-%.In a particular embodiment, the agent according to the invention contains, as anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, one or more sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and / or sulfosuccinamides, preferably sulfosuccinates and / or sulfosuccinamates, in particular sulfosuccinates, in an amount of usually 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
Amphotensideamphoteric
Zu den Amphotensiden (amphoteren Tensiden, zwitterionischen Tensiden), die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt werden können, zählen Betaine, Alkylamidoalkylamine, alkylsub- stituierte Aminosäuren, acylierte Aminosäuren bzw. Biotenside, von denen die Betaine im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre bevorzugt werden.The amphoteric surfactants (amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants) which can be used according to the invention include betaines, alkylamidoalkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids, acylated amino acids or biosurfactants, of which betaines are preferred in the context of the teaching according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann ein oder mehrere Amphotenside in einer Menge von üblicherweise 0,1 bis 20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 15 Gew.-%, insbesondere 2 bis 12 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 3 bis 10 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 4 bis 8 Gew.-% enthalten. BetaineThe agent according to the invention can contain one or more amphoteric surfactants in an amount of usually 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, in particular 2 to 12% by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 10% by weight , most preferably 4 to 8 wt .-% contain. Betaine
Geeignete Betaine sind die Alkylbetaine, die Alkylamidobetaine, die Imidazoliniumbetaine, die Sulfobetaine (INCI Sultaines) sowie die Phosphobetaine und genügen vorzugsweise Formel I,Suitable betaines are the alkylbetaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines, the sulfobetaines (INCI Sultaines) and the phosphobetaines and preferably satisfy formula I,
R1-[CO-X-(CH2)n]x-N+(R2)(R3)-(CH2)m-[CH(OH)-CH2]y-Y- (I) in der R1 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter Cι0-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C12.ι -Alkylrest,R 1 - [CO-X- (CH 2 ) n ] x -N + (R 2 ) (R 3 ) - (CH 2 ) m - [CH (OH) -CH 2 ] y -Y- (I) in R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated Cι 0 - 16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12 .ι alkyl radical,
X NH, NR4 mit dem d-4-Alkylrest R4, O oder S, n eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 3, x 0 oder 1 , vorzugsweise 1 ,X NH, NR 4 with the d- 4 -alkyl radical R 4 , O or S, n is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, x 0 or 1, preferably 1,
R2, R3 unabhängig voneinander ein C^-Alkylrest, ggf. hydroxysubstituiert wie z.B. ein Hydroxyethylrest, insbesondere aber ein Methylrest, m eine Zahl von 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 , 2 oder 3, y 0 oder 1 undR 2 , R 3 independently of one another are a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl radical, but in particular a methyl radical, m is a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, y 0 or 1 and
Y COO, SO3, OPO(OR5)O oder P(O)(OR5)O, wobei R5 ein Wasserstoffatom H oder ein C1-4-Alkylrest ist.Y COO, SO 3, OPO (OR 5) O or P (O) (OR 5) O, wherein R 5 is a hydrogen atom H or a C 1-4 alkyl.
Die Alkyl- und Alkylamidobetaine, Betaine der Formel I mit einer Carboxylatgruppe (Y" = COO"), heißen auch Carbobetaine.The alkyl and alkyl amido betaines, betaines of formula I with a carboxylate group (Y " = COO " ), are also called carbobetaines.
Bevorzugte Amphotenside sind die Alkylbetaine der Formel (la), die Alkylamidobetaine der Formel (Ib), die Sulfobetaine der Formel (Ic) und die Amidosulfobetaine der Formel (ld),Preferred amphoteric surfactants are the alkyl betaines of the formula (Ia), the alkyl amido betaines of the formula (Ib), the sulfobetaines of the formula (Ic) and the amidosulfobetaines of the formula (Id),
R1-N+(CH3)2-CH2COO- (la)R 1 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 COO- (la)
R1-CO-NH-(CH2)3-N+(CH3)2-CH2COO- (Ib)R 1 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 3 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 COO- (Ib)
R -N+(CH3)2-CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3- (Ic)R -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 SO 3 - (Ic)
R1-CO-NH-(CH2)3-N+(CH3)2-CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3- (ld) in denen R1 die gleiche Bedeutung wie in Formel I hat.R 1 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 3-N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 SO 3 - (ld) in which R 1 has the same meaning as in formula I.
Besonders bevorzugte Amphotenside sind die Carbobetaine, insbesondere die Carbobetaine der Formel (la) und (Ib), äußerst bevorzugt die Alkylamidobetaine der Formel (Ib).Particularly preferred amphoteric surfactants are the carbobetaines, in particular the carbobetaines of the formula (Ia) and (Ib), most preferably the alkylamidobetaines of the formula (Ib).
Beispiele geeigneter Betaine und Sulfobetaine sind die folgenden gemäß INCI benannten Verbindungen: Almondamidopropyl Betaine, Apricotamidopropyl Betaine, Avocadamido- propyl Betaine, Babassuamidopropyl Betaine, Behenamidopropyl Betaine, Behenyl Betaine, Betaine, Canolamidopropyl Betaine, Capryl/Capramidopropyl Betaine, Carnitine, Cetyl Betaine, Cocamidoethyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Coco-Betaine, Coco-Hydroxysultaine, Coco/Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Coco- Sultaine, Decyl Betaine, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Di- hydroxyethyl Stearyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Tallow Glycinate, Dimethicone Propyl PG- Betaine, Erucamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Hydrogenated Tallow Betaine, Isostearami- dopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyl Betaine, Lauryl Betaine, Lauryl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl Sultaine, Milkamidopropyl Betaine, Minkamidopropyl Betaine, Myristamidopropyl Betaine, Myristyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Oleyl Betaine, Olivamidopropyl Betaine, Palmamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitoyl Carnitine, Palm Kernelamidopropyl Betaine, Polytetrafluoroethylene Ace- toxypropyl Betaine, Ricinoleamidopropyl Betaine, Sesamidopropyl Betaine, Soyamido- propyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, Stearyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Tallow Betaine, Tallow Dihydroxyethyl Betaine, Un- decylenamidopropyl Betaine und Wheat Germamidopropyl Betaine. Ein bevorzugtes Betain ist beispielsweise Cocamidopropyl Betaine (Cocoamidopropylbetain).Examples of suitable betaines and sulfobetaines are the following compounds named according to INCI: Almondamidopropyl betaines, Apricotamidopropyl betaines, Avocadamido propyl betaine, babassuamidopropyl betaine, behenamidopropyl betaine, behenyl betaine, betaine, canolamidopropyl betaine, capryl / capramidopropyl betaine, carnitine, cetyl betaine, cocamidoethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco betaine, coco hydroxyl oleauline - Sultaine, Decyl Betaine, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Di- hydroxyethyl Stearyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Tallow Glycinate, Dimethicone Propyl PG-Betaine, Erucamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Hydrogenated Tallow Betaine, Isostearamidopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyline Lauryl, Lauramidopropyl Betaine , Lauryl Sultaine, Milkamidopropyl Betaine, Minkamidopropyl Betaine, Myristamidopropyl Betaine, Myristyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Oleyl Betaine, Olivamidopropyl Betaine, Palmamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitoyl Carnitine, Palm Kernelamidopropyl Betaine uoroethylene Acetotoxypropyl Betaine, Ricinoleamidopropyl Betaine, Sesamidopropyl Betaine, Soyamidopropyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, Stearyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Tallow Betaine, Tallow Dihydroxyethyl Betaine, Undecylenamidopropyl Betaine and Wheat. A preferred betaine is, for example, cocamidopropyl betaine (cocoamidopropyl betaine).
Alkylamidoalkylaminealkylamidoalkylamines
Die Alkylamidoalkylamine (INCI Alkylamido Alkylamines) sind Amphotenside der FormelThe alkylamidoalkylamines (INCI alkylamido alkylamines) are amphoteric surfactants of the formula
(III),(III)
R9-CO-NR10-(CH2)rN(R11)-(CH2CH2O)r(CH2)k-[CH(OH)]|-CH2-Z-OM (III) in der R9 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C12.14-Alkylrest,R 9 -CO-NR 10 - (CH 2 ) r N (R 11 ) - (CH 2 CH 2 O) r (CH 2 ) k - [CH (OH)] | -CH 2 -Z-OM (III) in R 9 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12th 14 -alkyl radical,
R10 ein Wasserstoffatom H oder ein C^-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise H, i eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 2 oder 3,R 10 is a hydrogen atom H or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, preferably H, i is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 2 or 3,
R11 ein Wasserstoffatom H oder CH2COOM (zu M s.u.), j eine Zahl von 1 bis 4, vorzugsweise 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1 , k eine Zahl von 0 bis 4, vorzugsweise 0 oder 1 ,R 11 is a hydrogen atom H or CH 2 COOM (to M su), j is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1, k is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1,
I 0 oder 1 , wobei k = 1 ist, wenn I = 1 ist,I 0 or 1, where k = 1 if I = 1,
Z CO, SO2, OPO(OR12) oder P(O)(OR12), wobei R12 ein C^-Alkylrest oder MZ CO, SO 2 , OPO (OR 12 ) or P (O) (OR 12 ), where R 12 is a C 1-4 alkyl radical or M
(s.u.) ist, und M ein Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist.(see below), and M is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Bevorzugte Vertreter genügen den Formeln lila bis llld,Preferred representatives satisfy the formulas purple to llld,
R9-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R11)-CH2CH2O-CH2-COOM (lila)R 9 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 11 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 -COOM (purple)
R9-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R11)-CH2CH2O-CH2CH2-COOM (lllb)R 9 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 11 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 CH 2 -COOM (IIIb)
R9-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R11)-CH2CH2O-CH2CH(OH)CH2-SO3M (Nie)R 9 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 11 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 -SO 3 M (never)
R9-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R11)-CH2CH2O-CH2CH(OH)CH2-OPO3HM (llld) in denen R 1 und M die gleiche Bedeutung wie in Formel (III) haben.R 9 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 11 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 -OPO 3 HM (llld) in which R 1 and M have the same meaning as in formula (III).
Beispielhafte Alkylamidoalkylamine sind die folgenden gemäß INCI benannten Verbindungen: Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido Amphopropionate, DEA-Coco- amphodipropionate, Disodium Caproamphodiacetate, Disodium Caproamphodipropio- nate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipropionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Disodium Cocoamphodipropionate, Disodium Isostearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Isostearo- amphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroam- phodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2-lsodeceth-7 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Stearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Tallowamphodiacetate, Disodium Wheatgermamphodiacetate, Lauroamphodi- propionic Acid, Quatemium-85, Sodium Caproamphoacetate, Sodium Caproamphohy- droxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caproamphopropionate, Sodium Capryloamphoacetate, Sodium Capryloamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Capryloamphopropionate, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Sodium Cocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Cocoampho- propionate, Sodium Comamphopropionate, Sodium Isostearoamphoacetate, Sodium Iso- stearoamphopropionate, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Sodium Lauroamphohydroxypro- pylsulfonate, Sodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Phosphate, Sodium Lauroamphopropio- nate, Sodium Myristoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleoamphohy- droxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Oleoamphopropionate, Sodium Ricinoleoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Ste- aroamphopropionate, Sodium Tallamphopropionate, Sodium Tallowamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphopropionate, Sodium Wheat Germamphoacetate und Trisodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Chloride Phosphate. Alkylsubstituierte AminosäurenExemplary alkylamido alkylamines are the following compounds named according to INCI: Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido amphopropionates, DEA-Cocoamphodipropionate, Disodium Caproamphodiacetate, Disodium Caproamphodipropio- nate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipropionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Disodium Cocoamphodipropionate, Disodium Isostearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Isostearo - amphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroam- phodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2-lsodeceth-7 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Stearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Laurate , Sodium Caproamphydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caproamphopropionate, Sodium Capryloamphoacetate, Sodium Capryloamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, So dium Capryloamphopropionate, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Sodium Cocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Cocoampho- propionate, Sodium Comamphopropionate, Sodium Isostearoamphoacetate, Sodium iso stearoamphopropionate, Sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium Lauroamphohydroxypro- pylsulfonate, Sodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Phosphate, Sodium Lauroamphopropio- nate, Sodium Myristoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleoamphoacetate , Sodium Oleoamphohy- droxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Oleoamphopropionate, aroamphopropionate Sodium Ricinoleoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Ste-, Sodium Tallamphopropionate, Sodium Tallowamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphopropionate, Sodium Wheat Germamphoacetate and Trisodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Chloride phosphate. Alkyl substituted amino acids
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren (INCI Alkyl-Substituted Amino Acids) sind monoalkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren gemäß Formel (IV),Alkyl-substituted amino acids preferred according to the invention (INCI alkyl-substituted amino acids) are monoalkyl-substituted amino acids according to formula (IV),
R13-NH-CH(R14)-(CH2)u-COOM' (IV) in der R13 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter Cι0-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C 2. 4-Alkylrest, R14 ein Wasserstoffatom H oder ein C^-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise H, u eine Zahl von 0 bis 4, vorzugsweise 0 oder 1 , insbesondere 1 , undR 13 -NH-CH (R 14 ) - (CH 2 ) u -COOM '(IV) in R 13 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated Cι 0 - 16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C. 2 4 -alkyl radical, R 14 is a hydrogen atom H or a C ^ -alkyl radical, preferably H, u a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1, in particular 1, and
M' ein Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist,M 'is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, e.g. protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine,
alkylsubstituierte Iminosäuren gemäß Formel (V),alkyl-substituted imino acids according to formula (V),
R15-N-[(CH2)v-COOM"]2 (V) in der R15 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6-22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter Cιo-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter Cι2.14-Alkylrest, v eine Zahl von 1 bis 5, vorzugsweise 2 oder 3, insbesondere 2, undR 15 -N - [(CH 2) v -COOM '] 2 (V) in which R 15 represents a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 18 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated Cιo- sixteenth -Alkylrest, for example a saturated Cι 2. 14 -alkyl residue, v is a number from 1 to 5, preferably 2 or 3, in particular 2, and
M" ein Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, wobei M" in den beiden Carboxygruppen die gleiche oder zwei verschiedene Bedeutungen haben kann, z.B. Wasserstoff und Natrium oder zweimal Natrium sein kann, ist,M "is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, e.g. protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine, where M" may have the same or two different meanings in the two carboxy groups, e.g. Can be hydrogen and sodium or twice sodium is
und mono- oder dialkylsubstituierte natürliche Aminosäuren gemäß Formel (VI),and mono- or dialkyl-substituted natural amino acids according to formula (VI),
R16-N(R17)-CH(R18)-COOM,M (VI) in der R16 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-ι6-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C12.1 -Alkylrest,R 16 -N (R 17 ) -CH (R 18 ) -COOM , M (VI) in which R 16 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10 -ι 6 alkyl radical, for example a saturated C 12th 1 -alkyl radical,
R17 ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein C^-Alkylrest, ggf. hydroxy- oder aminsubsti- tuiert, z.B. ein Methyl-, Ethyl-, Hydroxyethyl- oder Aminpropylrest,R 17 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, optionally substituted by hydroxyl or amine, for example a methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or amine propyl radical,
R18 den Rest einer der 20 natürlichen α-Aminosäuren H2NCH(R18)COOH, und M"1 ein Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist.R 18 is the residue of one of the 20 natural α-amino acids H 2 NCH (R 18 ) COOH, and M " 1 is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Besonders bevorzugte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren sind die Aminopropionate gemäß Formel (IVa),Particularly preferred alkyl-substituted amino acids are the aminopropionates according to formula (IVa)
R13-NH-CH2CH2COOM' (IVa) in der R13 und M' die gleiche Bedeutung wie in Formel (IV) haben.R 13 -NH-CH 2 CH 2 COOM '(IVa) in which R 13 and M' have the same meaning as in formula (IV).
Beispielhafte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren sind die folgenden gemäß INCI benannten Verbindungen: Aminopropyl Laurylglutamine, Cocaminobutyric Acid, Cocaminopropionic Acid, DEA-Lauraminopropionate, Disodium Cocaminopropyl Iminodiacetate, Disodium Dicarboxyethyl Cocopropylenediamine, Disodium Lauriminodipropionate, Disodium Stear- iminodipropionate, Disodium Tallowiminodipropionate, Lauraminopropionic Acid, Lauryl Aminopropylglycine, Lauryl Diethylenediaminoglycine, Myristaminopropionic Acid, Sodium C12-15 Alkoxypropyl Iminodipropionate, Sodium Cocaminopropionate, Sodium Laurami- nopropionate, Sodium Lauriminodipropionate, Sodium Lauroyl Methylaminopropionate, TEA-Lauraminopropionate und TEA-Myristaminopropionate.Exemplary alkyl-substituted amino acids are the following compounds named according to INCI: aminopropyl laurylglutamine, cocaminobutyric acid, cocaminopropionic acid, DEA lauraminopropionate, disodium cocaminopropyl iminodiacetate, disodium dicarboxyethyl cocopropylenediamine, disodium laurododipropionate, aminodipropionate, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, disodium steariminodimine, Diethylenediaminoglycine, Myristaminopropionic Acid, Sodium C12-15 Alkoxypropyl Iminodipropionate, Sodium Cocaminopropionate, Sodium Lauraminopropionate, Sodium Lauriminodipropionate, Sodium Lauroyl Methylaminopropionate, TEA Lauraminopropionate and TEA Myristaminopropionate.
Acylierte AminosäurenAcylated amino acids
Acylierte Aminosäuren sind Aminosäuren, insbesondere die 20 natürlichen α-Aminosäuren, die am Aminostickstoffatom den Acylrest R19CO einer gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäure R 9COOH tragen, wobei R19 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.ι8-Alkylrest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-A!kylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter Cι2-ι4-Alkylrest ist. Die acylierten Aminosäuren können auch als Alkalimetallsalz, Erdalkalimetallsalz oder Alkanolammoniumsalz, z.B. Mono-, Di- oder Triethanol- ammoniumsalz, eingesetzt werden. Beispielhafte acylierte Aminosäuren sind die gemäß INCI unter Amino Acids zusammengefaßten Acylderivate, z.B. Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Lauroyl Glutamic Acid, Capryloyl Glycine oder Myristoyl Methylalanine.Acylated amino acids are amino acids, especially the 20 natural α-amino acids, which carry the acyl residue R 19 CO of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R 9 COOH on the amino nitrogen atom, where R 19 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 .ι 8 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10 - 16 -A kylrest, for example a saturated Cι 2 -ι 4 alkyl. The acylated amino acids can also be used as alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or alkanolammonium salt, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salt. Exemplary acylated amino acids are the acyl derivatives summarized according to INCI under amino acids, for example sodium cocoyl glutamate, lauroyl glutamic acid, capryloyl glycine or myristoyl methylalanine.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, eine Kombination aus Aniontensid und Amphotensid einzusetzen. Diese Kombination bewirkt einerseits eine besonders gute Reinigungswirkung und kann zudem andererseits in Verbindung mit dem eingesetzten Verdickungsmittel einen Beitrag zu einer räumlich besonders stabilen Suspension der Abrasivstoffteilchen leisten. Nichtionische TensideIt is particularly advantageous to use a combination of anionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant. On the one hand, this combination produces a particularly good cleaning action and, on the other hand, in conjunction with the thickener used, can contribute to a spatially particularly stable suspension of the abrasive particles. Nonionic surfactants
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann zusätzlich ein oder mehrere nichtionische Tenside enthalten, üblicherweise in einer Menge von 0,001 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,2 bis 2 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 0,5 bis 1 ,5 Gew.-%, beispielsweise 1 Gew.-%.The agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more nonionic surfactants, usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0 , 2 to 2% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight.
Nichtionische Tenside im Rahmen der Erfindung können Alkoxylate sein wie Polyglycol- ether, Fettalkoholpolyglycolether, Alkylphenolpolyglycolether, endgruppenverschlossene Polyglycolether, Mischether und Hydroxymischether und Fettsäurepolyglycolester. Ebenfalls verwendbar sind Ethylenoxid-Propylenoxid-Blockpolymere, Fettsäurealkanolamide sowie Fettsäurepolyglycolether. Wichtige Klassen nichtionischer Tenside, die erfindungs- gemäß verwendet werden können, sind weiterhin die Aminoxide sowie die Zuckertenside (Polyol-Tenside) und unter diesen besonders die Glykotenside, wie Alkylpolyglykoside und Fettsäureglucamide. Besonders bevorzugt sind die Alkylpolyglykoside, insbesondere die Alkylpolyglucoside.Nonionic surfactants in the context of the invention can be alkoxylates such as polyglycol ether, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, alkylphenol polyglycol ether, end-capped polyglycol ether, mixed ether and hydroxy mixed ether and fatty acid polyglycol ester. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty acid polyglycol ethers can also be used. Important classes of nonionic surfactants that can be used according to the invention are furthermore the amine oxides and the sugar surfactants (polyol surfactants) and among these in particular the glycosurfactants, such as alkyl polyglycosides and fatty acid glucamides. The alkyl polyglycosides are particularly preferred, in particular the alkyl polyglucosides.
FettalkoholpolyglykoletherFettalkoholpolyglykolether
Unter Fettalkoholpolyglykolethern sind erfindungsgemäß mit Ethylen- (EO) und/oder Propylenoxid (PO) alkoxylierte, unverzweigte oder verzweigte, gesättigte oder ungesättigte Cι0.22-Alkohole mit einem Alkoxylierungsgrad bis zu 30 zu verstehen, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte C10-ι8-FettalkohoIe mit einem Ethoxylierungsgrad von weniger als 30, bevorzugt mit einem Ethoxylierungsgrad von 1 bis 20, insbesondere von 1 bis 12, besonders bevorzugt von 1 bis 8, äußerst bevorzugt von 2 bis 5, beispielsweise C12.1 -Fettalkohol- ethoxylate mit 2, 3 oder 4 EO oder eine Mischung von der Cι2.14-Fettaikoholethoxylate mit 3 und 4 EO im Gewichtsverhältnis von 1 zu 1 oder Isotridecylalkoholethoxylat mit 5, 8 oder 12 EO.According to the invention, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers are alkoxylated, unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 with ethylene (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO). To understand 22 alcohols with a degree of alkoxylation up to 30, preferably ethoxylated C 10 -ι 8 -FettalkohoIe with a degree of ethoxylation of less than 30, preferably with a degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 20, in particular from 1 to 12, particularly preferably from 1 to 8 , most preferably from 2 to 5, for example C 12 . 1 -fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2, 3 or 4 EO or a mixture of the Cι 2 . 14 fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 3 and 4 EO in a weight ratio of 1 to 1 or isotridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 5, 8 or 12 EO.
Aminoxideamine oxides
Zu den erfindungsgemäß geeigneten Aminoxiden gehören Alkylaminoxide, insbesondere Alkyldimethylaminoxide, Alkylamidoaminoxide und Alkoxyalkylaminoxide. Bevorzugte Aminoxide genügen Formel II,The amine oxides suitable according to the invention include alkylamine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides. Preferred amine oxides satisfy formula II
R6R7R8N+-CT (II)R 6 R 7 R 8 N + -CT (II)
R6-[CO-NH-(CH2)w]z-N+(R7)(R8)-O- (II) in der R6 ein gesättiger oder ungesättigter C6-22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18-Alkyl- rest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesät- tigter C12-1 -Alkylrest, der in den Alkylamidoaminoxiden über eine Carbonyl- amidoalkylengruppe -CO-NH-(CH2)z- und in den Alkoxyalkylaminoxiden über eine Oxaalkylengruppe -O-(CH2)2- an das Stickstoffatom N gebunden ist, wobei z jeweils für eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 3, R7, R8 unabhängig voneinander ein C^-Alkylrest, ggf. hydroxysubstituiert wie z.B. ein Hydroxyethylrest, insbesondere ein Methylrest, ist.R 6 - [CO-NH- (CH 2) w] z -N + (R 7) (R 8) -O- (II) in which R 6 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 , Rest 18 alkyl, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a gesät- Tigt C 12 - 1 alkyl radical which is bonded to the nitrogen atom N in the alkylamidoamine oxides via a carbonylamidoalkylene group -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) z - and in the alkoxyalkylamine oxides via an oxaalkylene group -O- (CH 2 ) 2 - , where z for a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, R 7 , R 8, independently of one another, is a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, optionally hydroxyl-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl radical, in particular a methyl radical.
Beispiele geeigneter Aminoxide sind die folgenden gemäß INCI benannten Verbindungen: Almondamidopropylamine Oxide, Babassuamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Mor- pholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminopyrimidine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C8-10 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C9-11 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C12-15 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Lauramine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Stearamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Tallowamine Oxide, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Amine Oxide, Hydrogenated Tallowamine Oxide, Hydroxyethyl Hydroxypropyl C12-15 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Iso- stearamidopropylamine Oxide, Isostearamidopropyl Morpholine Oxide, Lauramidopropyl- amine Oxide, Lauramine Oxide, Methyl Morpholine Oxide, Milkamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Minkamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamine Oxide, Myri- styl/Cetyl Amine Oxide, Oleamidopropylamine Oxide, Oleamine Oxide, Olivamidopropyl- amine Oxide, Palmitamidopropylamine Oxide, Palmitamine Oxide, PEG-3 Lauramine Oxide, Potassium Dihydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide Phosphate, Potassium Trisphosphono- methylamine Oxide, Sesa idopropylamine Oxide, Soyamidopropylamine Oxide, Stear- amidopropylamine Oxide, Stearamine Oxide, Tallowamidopropylamine Oxide, Tallowamine Oxide, Undecylenamidopropylamine Oxide und Wheat Germmidopropylamine Oxide. Ein bevorzugtes Aminoxid ist beispielsweise Cocamidopropylamine Oxide (Coco- amidopropylaminoxid).Examples of suitable amine oxides are the following compounds named in accordance with INCI: Almondamidopropylamine Oxide, Babassuamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Morpholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminoproxyimidine Oxide Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C9-11 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl C12-15 Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Lauramine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Stearamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Tallowamine Oxide, Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Amine Oxide, Hydrogenated Tallowethyl Oxypropyl Oxide, Oxide , Isostearamidopropylamine Oxide, Isostearamidopropyl Morpholine Oxide, Lauramidopropyl- amine Oxide, Lauramine Oxide, Methyl Morpholine Oxide, Milkamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Minkamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamine Oxide, Myri- styl / Cetyl Am Oxides, Oleamidopropylamine Oxide, Oleamine Oxide, Olivamidopropyl- amine Oxide, Palmitamidopropylamine Oxide, Palmitamine Oxide, PEG-3 Lauramine Oxide, Potassium Dihydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide Phosphate, Potassium Trisphosphonomethylamine Oxide, Sesa idopropylamine Oxide, Soyamidear- amide Oxide, Soyamidopropylamine Oxide, Stearamine Oxide, Tallowamidopropylamine Oxide, Tallowamine Oxide, Undecylenamidopropylamine Oxide and Wheat Germmidopropylamine Oxide. A preferred amine oxide is, for example, cocamidopropylamine oxides (cocomidopropylamine oxide).
Zuckertensidesugar surfactants
Zuckertenside sind bekannte oberflächenaktive Verbindungen, zu denen beispielsweise die Zuckertensidklassen der Alkylglucoseester, Aldobionamide, Gluconamide (Zucker- säureamide), Glycerinamide, Glyceringlykolipide, Polyhydroxyfettsäureamidzuckertenside (Zuckeramide) und Alkylpolyglykoside zählen, wie sie etwa in der WO 97/00609 (Henkel Corporation) und den darin zitierten Druckschriften beschrieben sind (Seite 4 bis 12), auf die in dieser Hinsicht Bezug genommen und deren Inhalt hiermit in diese Anmeldung aufgenommen wird. Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre bevorzugte Zuckertenside sind die Alkylpolyglykoside und die Zuckeramide sowie deren Derivate, insbesondere ihre Ether und Ester. Bei den Ethern handelt es sich um die Produkte der Reaktion einer oder mehrerer, vorzugsweise einer, Zuckerhydroxygruppe mit einer eine oder mehrere Hydro- xygruppen enthaltenden Verbindung, beispielsweise d-^-Alkoholen oder Glykolen wie Ethylen- und/oder Propylenglykol, wobei die Zuckerhydroxygruppe auch Polyethylengly- kol- und/oder Polypropylenglykolreste tragen kann. Die Ester sind die Reaktionsprodukte einer oder mehrerer, vorzugsweise einer, Zuckerhydroxygruppe mit einer Carbonsäure, insbesondere einer C6-22-Fettsäure.Sugar surfactants are known surface-active compounds, which include, for example, the sugar surfactant classes of alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides (sugar acid amides), glycerol amides, glycerol glycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants (sugar amides) and alkyl polyglycosides, such as those described in WO 97/00609 (Henkel Corporation) publications cited therein are described (pages 4 to 12) which is referred to in this regard and the content of which is hereby incorporated into this application. Preferred sugar surfactants in the context of the teaching according to the invention are the alkyl polyglycosides and the sugar amides and their derivatives, in particular their ethers and esters. The ethers are the products of the reaction of one or more, preferably one, sugar hydroxy group with a compound containing one or more hydroxy groups, for example d - ^ - alcohols or glycols such as ethylene and / or propylene glycol, the sugar hydroxy group also Can carry polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol residues. The esters are the reaction products of one or more, preferably one, sugar with a carboxylic acid, especially a C 6-22 fatty acid.
Zuckeramidesugar amides
Besonders bevorzugte Zuckeramide genügen der Formel R'C(O)N(R")[Z], in der R' für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Acylrest, vorzugsweise einen linearen ungesättigten Acylrest, mit 5 bis 21, vorzugsweise 5 bis 17, insbesondere 7 bis 15, besonders bevorzugt 7 bis 13 Kohlenstoffatomen, R" für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest, vorzugsweise einen linearen ungesättigten Alkylrest, mit 6 bis 22, vorzugsweise 6 bis 18, insbesondere 8 bis 16, besonders bevorzugt 8 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen CLs-Alkylrest, insbesondere einen Methyl-, Ethyl-, Propyl-, Isopropyl-, n-Butyl-, Isobutyl-, te/ϊ-Butyl- oder n-Pentylrest, oder Wasserstoff und Z für einen Zuckerrerst, d.h. einen Monosaccharidrest, stehen. Besonders bevorzugte Zuckeramide sind die Amide der Glucose, die Glucamide, beispielsweise Lau- royl-methyl-glucam id .Particularly preferred sugar amides satisfy the formula R'C (O) N (R ") [Z], in which R 'is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyl radical, preferably a linear unsaturated acyl radical, with 5 to 21, preferably 5 to 17, in particular 7 to 15, particularly preferably 7 to 13 carbon atoms, R "for a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical, preferably a linear unsaturated alkyl radical, with 6 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 to 14 carbon atoms, a C L s -alkyl radical, in particular a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, te / ϊ-butyl or n-pentyl radical, or hydrogen and Z for a sugar residue, ie a monosaccharide residue. Particularly preferred sugar amides are the amides of glucose, the glucamides, for example lauroyl-methyl-glucam id.
AlkylpolyglykosideAlkylpolyglykoside
Die Alkylpolyglykoside (APG) sind im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre besonders bevorzugte Zuckertenside und genügen vorzugsweise der allgemeinen Formel R1O(AO)a[G]x, in der Rfür einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 6 bis 22, vorzugsweise 6 bis 18, insbesondere 8 bis 16, besonders bevorzugt 8 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen, [G] für einen glykosidisch verknüpften Zuckerrest und x für eine Zahl von 1 bis 10 sowie AO für eine Alkylenoxygruppe, z.B. eine Ethylenoxy- oder Propylenoxygruppe, und a für den mittleren Alkoxylierungsgrad von 0 bis 20 stehen. Hierbei kann die Gruppe (AO)a auch verschiedene Alkylenoxyeinheiten enthalten, z.B. Ethylenoxy- oder Propylenoxyeinheiten, wobei es sich dann bei a um den mittleren Ge- samtalkoxylierungsgrad, d.h. die Summe aus Ethoxylierungs- und Propoxylierungsgrad, handelt. Soweit nachfolgend nicht näher bzw. anders ausgeführt, handelt es sich bei den Alkylresten R1 der APG um lineare ungesättigte Reste mit der angegebenen Zahl an Kohlenstoff atomen.The alkyl polyglycosides (APG) are particularly preferred sugar surfactants in the context of the teaching according to the invention and preferably satisfy the general formula R 1 O (AO) a [G] x , in which R for a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 to 14 carbon atoms, [G] for a glycosidically linked sugar residue and x for a number from 1 to 10 and AO for an alkyleneoxy group, for example an ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy group, and a for the mean degree of alkoxylation from 0 to 20. The group (AO) a can also contain various alkyleneoxy units, for example ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy units, where a is the average total degree of alkoxylation, ie the sum of the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation, is. Unless stated otherwise or in more detail below, the alkyl radicals R 1 of the APG are linear unsaturated radicals with the specified number of carbon atoms.
APG sind nichtionische Tenside und stellen bekannte Stoffe dar, die nach den einschlägigen Verfahren der präparativen organischen Chemie erhalten werden können. Die Indexzahl x gibt den Oligomerisierungsgrad (DP-Grad) an, d.h. die Verteilung von Mono- und Oligoglykosiden, und steht für eine Zahl zwischen 1 und 10. Während x in einer gegebenen Verbindung stets ganzzahlig sein muß und hier vor allem die Werte x = 1 bis 6 annehmen kann, ist der Wert x für ein bestimmtes Alkylglykosid eine analytisch ermittelte rechnerische Größe, die meistens eine gebrochene Zahl darstellt. Vorzugsweise werden Alkyl- glykoside mit einem mittleren Oligomerisierungsgrad x von 1,1 bis 3,0 eingesetzt. Aus anwendungstechnischer Sicht sind solche Alkylglykoside bevorzugt, deren Oligomerisierungsgrad kleiner als 1,7 ist und insbesondere zwischen 1,2 und 1,6 liegt. Als glykosidi- scher Zucker wird vorzugsweise Xylose, insbesondere aber Glucose verwendet.APG are non-ionic surfactants and are known substances that can be obtained using the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. The index number x indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP degree), i.e. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and stands for a number between 1 and 10. While x must always be an integer in a given compound and here can above all assume the values x = 1 to 6, the value x is for a specific alkyl glycoside an analytically calculated quantity, which usually represents a fractional number. Alkyl glycosides with an average degree of oligomerization x of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. From an application point of view, those alkyl glycosides are preferred whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.2 and 1.6. Xylose, but especially glucose, is preferably used as the glycosidic sugar.
Der Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylrest R1 kann sich von primären Alkoholen mit 8 bis 18, vorzugsweise 8 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen ableiten. Typische Beispiele sind Capronalkohol, Cap- rylalkohol, Caprinalkohol und Undecylalkohol sowie deren technische Gemische, wie sie beispielsweise im Verlauf der Hydrierung von technischen Fettsäuremethylestern oder im Verlauf der Hydrierung von Aldehyden aus der ROELENschen Oxosynthese anfallen.The alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 8 to 18, preferably 8 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are capronic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, in the course of the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from ROELEN's oxosynthesis.
Vorzugsweise leitet sich der Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylrest R' aber von Laurylalkohol, Myristylal- kohol, Cetylalkohol, Palmoleylalkohol, Stearylalkohol, Isostearylalkohol oder Oleylalkohol ab. Weiterhin sind Elaidylalkohol, Petroselinylalkohol, Arachidylalkohol, Gadoleylalkohol, Behenylalkohol, Erucylalkohol sowie deren technische Gemische zu nennen.However, the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 'is preferably derived from lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol. Elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and their technical mixtures are also to be mentioned.
Besonders bevorzugte APG sind nicht alkoxyliert (a = 0) und genügen Formel RO[G]x, in der R wie zuvor für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 4 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, [G] für einen glykosidisch verknüpften Zuckerrest, vorzugsweise Glucoserest, und x für eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, bevorzugt 1,1 bis 3, insbesondere 1,2 bis 1,6, stehen. Dementsprechend bevorzugte Alkylpolyglykoside sind beispielsweise C8.10- und ein C12.1 -Alkylpolyglucosid mit einem DP-Grad von 1,4 oder 1,5, insbesondere C8.10- Alkyl-1 ,5-glucosid und C12.14-Alkyl-1,4-glucosid. Kationische TensideParticularly preferred APGs are not alkoxylated (a = 0) and satisfy the formula RO [G] x , in which R, as before, for a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, [G] for a glycosidically linked sugar radical, preferably glucose residue, and x is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 1.1 to 3, in particular 1.2 to 1.6. Accordingly, preferred alkyl polyglycosides are C 8 . 10 - and a C 12 . 1- alkyl polyglucoside with a DP degree of 1.4 or 1.5, in particular C 8 . 10 - alkyl-1, 5-glucoside and C 12 . 14 alkyl 1,4-glucoside. Cationic surfactants
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann zusätzlich ein oder mehrere kationische Tenside (Kat- iontenside; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds) enthalten, üblicherweise in einer Menge von 0,001 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,2 bis 2 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 0,5 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, beispielsweise 1 Gew.-%. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird jedoch auf den Einsatz kationischer Tenside verzichtet.The agent according to the invention can additionally contain one or more cationic surfactants (cationic surfactants; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds), usually in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.1 up to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, for example 1% by weight. In a preferred embodiment, however, the use of cationic surfactants is dispensed with.
Bevorzugte kationische Tenside sind die quatemären oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen, insbesondere mit einer Ammonium-, Sulfonium-, Phosphonium-, Jodonium- oder Arsoni- umgruppe, wie sie beispielsweise K. H. Wallhäußer in "Praxis der Sterilisation, Desinfektion - Konservierung : Keimidentifizierung - Betriebshygiene" (5. Aufl. - Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, 1995) als antimikrobielle Wirkstoffe beschreibt. Durch den Einsatz von quatemären oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen mit antimikrobieller Wirkung kann das Mittel mit einer antimikrobiellen Wirkung ausgestaltet werden bzw. dessen gegebenenfalls aufgrund anderer Inhaltsstoffe bereits vorhandene antimikrobielle Wirkung verbessert werden.Preferred cationic surfactants are the quaternary surface-active compounds, in particular with an ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, iodonium or arsonium group, as described, for example, by KH Wallhäußer in "Practice of Sterilization, Disinfection - Preservation: Germ Identification - Industrial Hygiene" (5. Ed. - Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, 1995) as antimicrobial agents. By using quaternary surface-active compounds with an antimicrobial effect, the agent can be designed with an antimicrobial effect or its antimicrobial effect, which may already be present due to other ingredients, can be improved.
Besonders bevorzugte kationische Tenside sind zusätzlich zu den als Trocknungs- und Glanzadditiven verwendeten quartären Ammoniumverbindungen der Formel I die quater- nären, z.T. antimikrobiell wirkenden Ammoniumverbindungen (QAV; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds) gemäß der allgemeinen Formel (RI)(R")(R"I)(RIV)N+ X", in der R1 bis Rιv gleiche oder verschiedene d-^-Alkylreste, C7.28-Aralkylreste oder heterozyklische Reste, wobei zwei oder im Falle einer aromatischen Einbindung wie im Pyridin sogar drei Reste gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom den Heterozyklus, z.B. eine Pyridinium- oder Imidazoliniumverbindung, bilden, darstellen und X" Halogenidionen, Sulfationen, Hydroxidionen oder ähnliche Anionen sind. Für eine optimale antimikrobielle Wirkung weist vorzugsweise wenigstens einer der Reste eine Kettenlänge von 8 bis 18, insbesondere 12 bis 16, C-Atomen auf.In addition to the quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula I used as drying and gloss additives, particularly preferred cationic surfactants are the quaternary, partly antimicrobial ammonium compounds (QAV; INCI Quaternary Ammonium Compounds) according to the general formula (R I ) (R ") (R " I ) (R IV ) N + X " , in which R 1 to R ιv the same or different d - ^ - alkyl residues, C 7, 28 aralkyl residues or heterocyclic residues, two or, in the case of an aromatic bond, as in pyridine, even three radicals together with the nitrogen atom form the heterocycle, for example a pyridinium or imidazolinium compound, represent and X "are halide ions, sulfate ions, hydroxide ions or similar anions. For an optimal antimicrobial effect, at least one of the residues preferably has a chain length of 8 to 18, in particular 12 to 16, carbon atoms.
QAV sind durch Umsetzung tertiärer Amine mit Alkylierungsmitteln, wie z.B. Methylchlorid, Benzylchlorid, Dimethylsulfat, Dodecylbromid, aber auch Ethylenoxid herstellbar. Die Al- kylierung von tertiären Aminen mit einem langen Alkyl-Rest und zwei Methyl-Gruppen gelingt besonders leicht, auch die Quaternierung von tertiären Aminen mit zwei langen Resten und einer Methyl-Gruppe kann mit Hilfe von Methylchlorid unter milden Bedingungen durchgeführt werden. Amine, die über drei lange Alkyl-Reste oder Hydroxy-substitu- ierte Alkyl-Reste verfügen, sind wenig reaktiv und werden bevorzugt mit Dimethylsulfat quatemiert.QAV can be prepared by reacting tertiary amines with alkylating agents such as methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide. The alkylation of tertiary amines with a long alkyl radical and two methyl groups is particularly easy, and the quaternization of tertiary amines with two long radicals and one methyl group can also be carried out using methyl chloride under mild conditions. Amines which have three long alkyl residues or hydroxy-substituted ized alkyl residues are not very reactive and are preferably quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
Geeignete QAV sind beispielweise Benzalkoniumchlorid (N-Alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-benzyl- ammoniumchlorid, CAS No. 8001-54-5), Benzalkon B (m,p-Dichlorbenzyl-dimethyl- C12-alkylammoniumchlorid, CAS No. 58390-78-6), Benzoxoniumchlorid (Benzyl-dodecyl- bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammoniumchlorid), Cetrimoniumbromid (N-Hexadecyl-N,N-trimethyl- ammoniumbromid, CAS No. 57-09-0), Benzetoniumchlorid (N,N-Dimethyl-N-[2-[2-[p- (1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]-benzylammoniumchlorid, CAS No. 121-54-0), Dialkyldimethylammoniumchloride wie Di-n-decyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchlorid (CAS No. 7173-51-5-5), Didecyldimethylammoniumbromid (CAS No. 2390-68-3), Dioctyl- dimethyl-ammoniumchloric, 1-Cetylpyridiniumchlorid (CAS No. 123-03-5) und Thiazolin- jodid (CAS No. 15764-48-1) sowie deren Mischungen. Bevorzugte QAV sind die Benzal- koniumchloride mit C8-C18-Alkylresten, insbesondere Cι2-C1 -Aklyl-benzyl-dimethylammo- niumchlorid. Eine besonders bevorzugte QAV Kokospentaethoxymethylammoniumme- thosulfat (INCI PEG-5 Cocomonium Methosulfate; Rewoquat® CPEM).Suitable QAC are, for example, benzalkonium chloride (N-alkyl-N, N-dimethyl-benzylammonium chloride, CAS No. 8001-54-5), benzalkon B (m, p-dichlorobenzyldimethyl-C 12 -alkylammonium chloride, CAS No. 58390 -78-6), benzoxonium chloride (benzyl-dodecyl-bis- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride), cetrimonium bromide (N-hexadecyl-N, N-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, CAS No. 57-09-0), benzetonium chloride (N , N-Dimethyl-N- [2- [2- [p- (1, 1, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxy] ethoxy] ethyl] benzylammonium chloride, CAS No. 121-54-0), dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides such as di- n-decyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (CAS No. 7173-51-5-5), didecyldimethylammonium bromide (CAS No. 2390-68-3), dioctyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchloric, 1-cetylpyridinium chloride (CAS No. 123-03-5 ) and thiazoline iodide (CAS No. 15764-48-1) and mixtures thereof. Preferred QAV are the benzalkonium chlorides with C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radicals, in particular C 2 -C 1 -alkyl-benzyl-dimethylammonium chloride. A particularly preferred QAV cocospentaethoxymethylammonium methosulfate (INCI PEG-5 Cocomonium methosulfate; Rewoquat ® CPEM).
Zur Vermeidung möglicher Inkompatibilitäten der antimikrobiellen kationischen Tenside mit den erfindungsgemäß enthaltenen anionischen Tensiden werden möglichst anionten- sidverträgliches und/oder möglichst wenig kationisches Tensid eingesetzt oder in einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung gänzlich auf antimikrobiell wirkende kationische Tenside verzichtet. Als antimikrobiell wirksame Substanzen können Parabene, Benzoesäure und/oder Benzoat, Milchsäure und/oder Lactate eingesetzt werden. Besonders bevorzugt sind Benzoesäure und/oder Milchsäure.To avoid possible incompatibilities of the antimicrobial cationic surfactants with the anionic surfactants according to the invention, anionic surfactant-compatible and / or as little cationic surfactant as possible is used or, in a particular embodiment of the invention, no cationic surfactants with an antimicrobial effect are used entirely. Parabens, benzoic acid and / or benzoate, lactic acid and / or lactates can be used as antimicrobial substances. Benzoic acid and / or lactic acid are particularly preferred.
Lösungsmittelsolvent
Der Wassergehalt des erfindungsgemäß wäßrigen Mittels beträgt üblicherweise 20 bis weniger als 85 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 30 bis 80 Gew.-%.The water content of the aqueous composition according to the invention is usually 20 to less than 85% by weight, preferably 30 to 80% by weight.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel kann vorteilhafterweise zusätzlich ein oder mehrere wasserlösliche organische Lösungsmittel enthalten, üblicherweise in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere 2 bis 15 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 4 bis 12 Gew.-%, äußerst bevorzugt 6 bis 10 Gew.-%.The agent according to the invention can advantageously additionally contain one or more water-soluble organic solvents, usually in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 2 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 4 to 12% by weight, most preferably 6 to 10% by weight.
Das Lösungsmittel wird im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre nach Bedarf insbesondere als Hydrotropikum, Viskositätsregulator und/oder Kältestabilisator eingesetzt. Es wirkt lösungsvermittelnd insbesondere für Tenside und Elektrolyt sowie Parfüm und Farbstoff und trägt so zu deren Einarbeitung bei, verhindert die Ausbildung flüssigkristalliner Phasen und hat Anteil an der Bildung klarer Produkte. Die Viskosität des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels verringert sich mit zunehmender Lösungsmittelmenge. Zuviel Lösungsmittel kann jedoch einen zu starken Viskositätsabfall bewirken. Schließlich sinkt mit zunehmender Lösungsmittelmenge der Kältetrübungs- und Klarpunkt des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels.Within the framework of the teaching according to the invention, the solvent is used, in particular, as a hydrotrope, viscosity regulator and / or cold stabilizer. It acts as a solvent, especially for surfactants and electrolytes, as well as perfume and dye, and thus contributes to their incorporation, prevents the formation of liquid-crystalline phases and plays a part in the formation of clear products. The viscosity of the agent according to the invention decreases with increasing amount of solvent. However, too much solvent can cause an excessive drop in viscosity. Finally, the cold cloud and clear point of the agent according to the invention decrease with increasing amount of solvent.
Geeignete Lösungsmittel sind beispielsweise gesättigte oder ungesättigte, vorzugsweise gesättigte, verzweigte oder unverzweigte Cι.20-Kohlenwasserstoffe, bevorzugt C2-ι5-Koh- lenwasserstoffe, mit mindestens einer Hydroxygruppe und gegebenenfalls einer oder mehreren Etherfunktionen C-O-C, d.h. die Kohlenstoffatomkette unterbrechenden Sauerstoffatomen.Suitable solvents are, for example, saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, branched or unbranched Cι. 20 hydrocarbons, preferably bons -ι -Koh- 5 C 2, with at least one hydroxy group and optionally one or more ether functions COC, the carbon atom chain that is interrupting oxygen atoms.
Bevorzugte Lösungsmittel sind die - gegebenenfalls einseitig mit einem Cι-6-Alkanol ver- etherten - C2.6-Alkylenglykole und Poly-C2.3-alkylenglykolether mit durchschnittlich 1 bis 9 gleichen oder verschiedenen, vorzugsweise gleichen, Alkylenglykolgruppen pro Molekül wie auch die Cι.6-Alkohole, vorzugsweise Ethanol, n-Propanol oder /so-Propanol, insbesondere Ethanol.Preferred solvents are the C 2 , which is etherified on one side with a C 6 -alkanol. 6 -alkylene glycols and poly-C 2 . 3 -alkylene glycol ethers with an average of 1 to 9 identical or different, preferably the same, alkylene glycol groups per molecule as well as the Cι. 6 -alcohols, preferably ethanol, n-propanol or / so-propanol, in particular ethanol.
Beispielhafte Lösungsmittel sind die folgenden gemäß INCI benannten Verbindungen: Al- cohol (Ethanol), Buteth-3, Butoxydiglycol, Butoxyethanol, Butoxyisopropanol, Butoxypro- panol, n-Butyl Alcohol, t-Butyl Alcohol, Butylene Glycol, Butyloctanol, Diethylene Glycol, Dimethoxydiglycol, Dimethyl Ether, Dipropylene Glycol, Ethoxydiglycol, Ethoxyethanol, Ethyl Hexanediol, Glycol, Hexanediol, 1,2,6-Hexanetriol, Hexyl Alcohol, Hexylene Glycol, Isobutoxypropanol, Isopentyldiol, Isopropyl Alcohol (/so-Propanol), 3-Methoxybutanol, Me- thoxydiglycol, Methoxyethanol, Methoxyisopropanol, Methoxymethylbutanol, Methoxy PEG-10, Methylal, Methyl Alcohol, Methyl Hexyl Ether, Methylpropanediol, Neopentyl Glycol, PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-6 Methyl Ether, Pentylene Glycol, PPG-7, PPG26, PPG 400, PPG 1200, PPG-2-Buteth-3, PPG-2 Butyl Ether, PPG-3 Butyl Ether, PPG-2 Methyl Ether, PPG-3 Methyl Ether, PPG-2 Propyl Ether, Propanediol, Propyl Alcohol (t?-Propanol), Propylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol Butyl Ether, Propylene Glycol Propyl Ether, Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol, Trimethylhexanol.Exemplary solvents are the following compounds named according to INCI: alcohol (ethanol), buteth-3, butoxydiglycol, butoxyethanol, butoxyisopropanol, butoxypropanol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, butylene glycol, butyl octanol, diethylene glycol, dimethoxydiglycol , Dimethyl Ether, Dipropylene Glycol, Ethoxydiglycol, Ethoxyethanol, Ethyl Hexanediol, Glycol, Hexanediol, 1,2,6-Hexanetriol, Hexyl Alcohol, Hexylene Glycol, Isobutoxypropanol, Isopentyldiol, Isopropyl Alcohol (/ so-Propanol), 3-Methoxybutanol, Me - thoxydiglycol, methoxyethanol, methoxyisopropanol, methoxymethylbutanol, methoxy PEG-10, methylal, methyl alcohol, methyl hexyl ether, methyl propanediol, neopentyl glycol, PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG- 6 methyl ether, pentylene glycol, PPG-7, PPG26, PPG 400, PPG 1200, PPG-2-buteth-3, PPG-2 butyl ether, PPG-3 butyl ether, PPG-2 methyl ether, PPG-3 methyl ether , PPG-2 propyl ether, propanediol, propyl alcohol (t? -Propanol), propylene glycol, propylene glyc ol butyl ether, propylene glycol, propyl ether, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, trimethylhexanol.
Besonders bevorzugte Lösungsmittel sind die einseitig mit einem d-e-Alkanol veretherten Poly-C2.3-alkylenglykolether mit durchschnittlich 1 bis 9, vorzugsweise 2 bis 3, Ethylen- oder Propylenglykolgruppen, beispielsweise PPG-2 Methyl Ether (Dipropylenglykolmono- methylether).Particularly preferred solvents are poly-C 2 etherified on one side with a de-alkanol. 3- alkylene glycol ether with an average of 1 to 9, preferably 2 to 3, ethylene or propylene glycol groups, for example PPG-2 methyl ether (dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether).
Äußerst bevorzugte Lösungsmittel sind die C2.3-Alkohole Ethanol, π-Propanol und/oder /so-Propanol, insbesondere Ethanol.Extremely preferred solvents are the C 2 . 3 -alcohols ethanol, π-propanol and / or / so-propanol, in particular ethanol.
Lösungsvermittlersolubilizers
Als Lösungsvermittler, etwa für Farbstoffe und Parfümöle, können außer den zuvor beschriebenen Lösungsmitteln (vor allem den Polyolen wie Ethylenglycol, 1,2-Propylengly- col, Glycerin und anderen ein- und mehrwertigen Alkoholen) beispielsweise auch Alka- nolamine sowie Alkylbenzolsulfonate mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest dienen.In addition to the solvents described above (especially the polyols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol and other mono- and polyhydric alcohols), solubilizers, for example for dyes and perfume oils, can, for example, also alkanolamines and alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to Serve 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
Zur Stabilisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels beim erfindungsgemäß hohen Tensidgehalt können ein oder mehrere Dicarbonsäuren und/oder deren Salze, allein oder in Mischung zugesetzt werden, insbesondere eine Zusammensetzung aus Na- Salzen der Adipin-, Bernstein- und Glutarsäure, wie sie z.B. unter dem Handelsnamen Sokalan® DSC erhältlich ist. Der Einsatz erfolgt hierbei vorteilhafterweise in Mengen von 0,1 bis 8 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 7 Gew.-%, insbesondere 1,3 bis 6 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 4 Gew.-%.To stabilize the cleaning agent according to the invention at the high surfactant content according to the invention, one or more dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts, alone or in a mixture, can be added, in particular a composition of Na salts of adipic, succinic and glutaric acid, as described, for example, under the trade name Sokalan ® DSC is available. The use here is advantageously in amounts of 0.1 to 8% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 7% by weight, in particular 1.3 to 6% by weight and particularly preferably 2 to 4% by weight.
Eine Veränderung des Dicarbonsäure(salz)-Gehaltes kann - insbesondere in Mengen oberhalb 2 Gew.-% - zu einer klaren Lösung der Inhaltsstoffe beitragen. Ebenfalls ist innerhalb gewisser Grenzen eine Beeinflussung der Viskosität der Mischung durch dieses Mittel möglich. Weiterhin beeinflusst diese Komponente die Löslichkeit der Mischung. Diese Komponente wird besonders bevorzugt bei hohen Tensidgehalten eingesetzt, insbesondere bei Tensidgehalten oberhalb 30 Gew.-%.A change in the dicarboxylic acid (salt) content - especially in amounts above 2% by weight - can contribute to a clear solution of the ingredients. The viscosity of the mixture can also be influenced by this agent within certain limits. This component also influences the solubility of the mixture. This component is particularly preferably used at high surfactant contents, in particular at surfactant contents above 30% by weight.
Anstelle oder zusätzlich zu den Dicarbonsäuren und/oder deren Salzen können zur Viskositätsregulierung auch andere organische Säuren bzw. deren Salze, wie beispielsweise Natriumformiat, Natriumacetat, Natriumeitrat und Natriumtartrat, sowie anorganische Salze, wie z.B. Natriumchlorid, Magnesiumchlorid und Magnesiumsulfat, oder auch Salze der vorgenannten Anionen mit anderen Alkali- bzw. Erdalkalimetallen einzeln oder in Mischungen eingesetzt werden.Instead of or in addition to the dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts, other organic acids or their salts, such as sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate and sodium tartrate, as well as inorganic salts such as e.g. Sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate, or also salts of the aforementioned anions with other alkali or alkaline earth metals can be used individually or in mixtures.
Hydrophobe PolymereHydrophobic polymers
Zur Verbesserung der Löslichkeit und zur verbesserten Einstellung der Viskosität erfindungsgemäßer Mittel können diese weiterhin hydrophobe Polymere enthalten. Im Sinne dieser Erfindung werden hierunter Polyalkylenglykole verstanden, also polymere Glykole mit Alkylenoxideinheiten, bei denen es sich vorzugsweise um Ethylenoxid (EO) und/oder Propylenoxiy (PO) handelt. Erfindungsgemäß sind Polypropylenglykole (PPG) und Poly- ethylenglykole (PEG) mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 400 bis 1200 besonders bevorzugt, beispielsweise PPG 400, PPG 900 oder auch PPG 1200.To improve the solubility and to improve the viscosity of agents according to the invention, they may further contain hydrophobic polymers. For the purpose of In this invention, this is understood to mean polyalkylene glycols, ie polymeric glycols with alkylene oxide units, which are preferably ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO). According to the invention, polypropylene glycols (PPG) and polyethylene glycols (PEG) with an average molecular weight of 400 to 1200 are particularly preferred, for example PPG 400, PPG 900 or also PPG 1200.
Hilfs- und ZusatzstoffeAuxiliaries and additives
Neben den genannten Komponenten können die erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel weitere Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe enthalten, wie sie in derartigen Mitteln üblich sind. Hierzu zählen insbesondere UV-Stabilisatoren, Parfümstoffe, Farbstoffe, Polymere, Soil-Release- Wirkstoffe, den Glanz verstärkende Stoffe (z.B. Essig, vor allem Fruchtessig), Hydrotrope (z.B. Cumolsulfonat, Octylsulfat, Butylglucosid, Butylglykol), Reinigungsverstärker, pH-Regulatoren (z.B. Citronensäure, Alkanolamine oder Natriumhydroxid), Desinfektionsmittel, Antistatika, Korrosionsinhibitoren und/oder Konservierungsmittel, Enzyme (insbesondere Lipasen, Amylasen), optische Aufheller sowie Hautschutzmittel, wie sie in EP-A-522 506 beschrieben sind. Die Menge an derartigen Zusätzen liegt üblicherweise nicht über 12 Gew.-% im Reinigungsmittel. Die Untergrenze des Einsatzes hängt von der Art des Zusatzstoffes ab. Vorzugsweise liegt die Menge an Hilfsstoffen zwischen 0,01 und 7 Gew.- %, insbesondere 0,1 und 4 Gew.-%.In addition to the components mentioned, the cleaning agents according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries and additives, as are customary in such agents. These include in particular UV stabilizers, perfumes, dyes, polymers, soil release agents, gloss-enhancing substances (e.g. vinegar, especially fruit vinegar), hydrotropes (e.g. cumene sulfonate, octyl sulfate, butyl glucoside, butyl glycol), cleaning enhancers, pH regulators ( e.g. citric acid, alkanolamines or sodium hydroxide), disinfectants, antistatic agents, corrosion inhibitors and / or preservatives, enzymes (especially lipases, amylases), optical brighteners and skin protection agents, as described in EP-A-522 506. The amount of such additives is usually not more than 12% by weight in the cleaning agent. The lower limit of use depends on the type of additive. The amount of auxiliaries is preferably between 0.01 and 7% by weight, in particular 0.1 and 4% by weight.
Viskositätviscosity
Die für die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel günstige Viskosität liegt bei 20°C und einer Scherrate von 0,3 U/min zwischen 2500 und 100.000 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 3000 und 90.000 mPa-s, bzw. bei 20°C und einer Scherrate von 3 U/min zwischen 1200 und 10.000 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 1500 und 9.000 mPa-s, bzw. bei 20°C und einer Scherrate von 30 U/min zwischen 250 und 2.500 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 300 und 2.000 mPa-s (gemessen mit einem Brookfield-Viskosimeter DV II +, Spindel 31, 2 min).The viscosity favorable for the agents according to the invention at 20 ° C. and a shear rate of 0.3 rpm is between 2500 and 100,000 mPa-s, preferably between 3000 and 90,000 mPa-s, or at 20 ° C. and a shear rate of 3 U / min between 1200 and 10,000 mPa-s, preferably between 1500 and 9,000 mPa-s, or at 20 ° C and a shear rate of 30 U / min between 250 and 2,500 mPa-s, preferably between 300 and 2,000 mPa-s (measured with a Brookfield viscometer DV II +, spindle 31, 2 min).
Die Viskosität der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel kann durch das Verdickungsmittel eingestellt werden. Die erforderlichen Mengen können hierbei von Verdickungsmittel zu Verdickungsmittel verschieden sein. Auch die verwendete Tensidzusammensetzung spielt bei der Mengenwahl ebenso eine Rolle wie die Gegenwart von Lösungsvermittlern. pH-WertThe viscosity of the agents according to the invention can be adjusted by the thickener. The amounts required can vary from thickener to thickener. The surfactant composition used also plays a role in the choice of quantity, as does the presence of solubilizers. PH value
Der pH-Wert der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel kann mittels üblicher pH-Regulatoren, beispielsweise Citronensäure oder NaOH, eingestellt werden, wobei - im wesentlichen wegen der geforderten Handverträglichkeit - ein Bereich von 3 bis 10, vorzugsweise 4 bis 8, bevorzugt ist.The pH of the agents according to the invention can be adjusted by means of conventional pH regulators, for example citric acid or NaOH, a range from 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, being preferred, essentially because of the required hand compatibility.
Verwendunguse
Das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsmittel läßt sich als Handgeschirrspülmittel in üblicher Weise verwenden. Daneben kann es auch in konzentrierter Form zur Vorreinigung von Geschirr, insbesondere stark verschmutztem, gegebenenfalls mit angebranntem Fettschmutz versehenem Geschirr einsetzen. Schließlich ist das Mittel auch geeignet zur manuellen Reinigung harter Oberflächen, beispielsweise aus Glas, Keramik, Kunststoff, Emaille oder Metall, in Haushalt und Gewerbe.The cleaning agent according to the invention can be used as a hand dishwashing liquid in the usual way. In addition, it can also be used in a concentrated form for the pre-cleaning of dishes, in particular heavily soiled dishes, optionally provided with burnt-on greasy dirt. Finally, the agent is also suitable for manual cleaning of hard surfaces, for example made of glass, ceramic, plastic, enamel or metal, in the home and business.
Herstellungmanufacturing
Die erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel lassen sich auf allen üblichen, dem Fachmann bekannten Wegen herstellen.The cleaning agents according to the invention can be produced in all the usual ways known to the person skilled in the art.
Vorzugsweise wird entweder das, gegebenenfalls in kaltem oder warmem Wasser vorgequollene, Verdickungsmittel vorgelegt und anschließend die übrigen Komponenten eingerührt, oder aber Wasser, Tenside und eventuell vorhandene weitere Komponenten werden nacheinander zusammengegeben und gerührt, anschließend, falls diese eingesetzt werden, Parfüm und/oder Farbstoff zugegeben und zum Schluß das ggf. vorgequollene Verdickungsmittel hineingerührt. Anschließend wird der pH-Wert wie zuvor beschrieben eingestellt und zuletzt die Abrasivstoffteilchen untergemischt. Preferably, either the thickener, which may have been pre-swollen in cold or warm water, is initially introduced and the other components are then stirred in, or water, surfactants and any other components which may be present are combined and stirred in succession, and then, if these are used, perfume and / or dye added and finally the possibly pre-swollen thickener. Then the pH is adjusted as described above and finally the abrasive particles are mixed in.
BeispieleExamples
Die erfindungsgemäßen Handgeschirrspülmittel E1 bis E4 wurden jeweils mit einem Gehalt an abrasiven Partikeln von 1 Gew.-% formuliert. Die beiden Vergleichsbeispiele V1 und V2 besaßen durchweg die gleiche Zusammensetzung, jedoch wurden sie ohne Abrasivstoff hergestellt. Der anschließend durchgeführte Test zur Reinigungsleistung zeigte deutliche Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel auf.The hand dishwashing detergents E1 to E4 according to the invention were each formulated with an abrasive particle content of 1% by weight. The two comparative examples V1 and V2 all had the same composition, but they were produced without an abrasive. The cleaning performance test subsequently carried out showed clear advantages of the agents according to the invention.
Tabelle 1: Beispielhafte ZusammensetzungenTable 1: Exemplary compositions
Alle Angaben in Gew.-%.All figures in% by weight.
Test zur Reinigungsleistung:Cleaning performance test:
Die Reinigungsleistung wurde mittels einer modifizierten Gardner-Testapparatur bestimmt. Hierzu wurde Tomaten-Käse-Soße oder Bratensoße als Testanschmutzung auf einer Edelstahlplatte mit einem Rakel in einer Schichtdicke von 450 μm verstrichen und bei 120°C für 1h eingebrannt. Anschließend wurde die Anzahl an Hüben bestimmt, die ein automatisches Wischgerät, welches mit einem mit 4 ml des jeweiligen Mittels getränkten Tuch bestückt war, benötigte, um die Testanschmutzung vollständig zu entfernen. Ein Hub ist dabei eine Doppelbewegung des mit dem Tuch mit dem Reinigungsmittel bestückten Schlittens über der zu reinigenden Platte (hin und her). Als vollständig entfernt galt die Anschmutzung, wenn nach einer Evaluierung durch fünf Personen übereinstimmend die Anschmutzung mit dem bloßen Auge nicht mehr zu erkennen war. Die angegebene Hubzahl stellt zudem den Mittelwert aus drei Messungen dar. Das Ergebnis ist in der folgenden Tabelle wiedergegeben: Tabelle 2: Test zur ReinigungsleistungThe cleaning performance was determined using a modified Gardner test apparatus. For this purpose, tomato-cheese sauce or gravy was spread as a test soiling on a stainless steel plate with a doctor blade in a layer thickness of 450 μm and baked at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. The number of strokes was then determined which an automatic wiper device, which was equipped with a cloth soaked with 4 ml of the respective agent, required to completely remove the test soiling. A stroke is a double movement of the carriage equipped with the cloth with the cleaning agent over the plate to be cleaned (back and forth). The soiling was considered to be completely removed if, after an evaluation by five people, the soiling was no longer visible to the naked eye. The specified number of strokes also represents the average of three measurements. The result is shown in the following table: Table 2: Test for cleaning performance
Die Ergebnisse zeigen deutlich, daß bei Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels mit abrasiven Partikeln eine vollständige Reinigung wesentlich schneller erzielt werden kann als mit einem herkömmlichen, abrasivstofffreien Reinigungsmittel. The results clearly show that when using a cleaning agent according to the invention with abrasive particles, complete cleaning can be achieved much faster than with a conventional cleaning agent free of abrasive substances.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Abrasivstoffhaltiges flüssiges Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weitgehend transparent ist und einen Tensidgehalt von mehr als 15 Gew.-% besitzt.1. Abrasive liquid cleaning agent for hard surfaces, characterized in that it is largely transparent and has a surfactant content of more than 15% by weight.
2. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Abrasivstoffe mit einem Durchmesser von 0,05 bis 4 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,3 bis 1,5 mm enthält.2. Abrasive cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains abrasives with a diameter of 0.05 to 4 mm, preferably from 0.3 to 1.5 mm.
3. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abrasivstoffe ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe umfassend Kunststoffe, harte Wachse, natürliche Materialien, Keramikteilchen und anorganische Stoffe sowie Gemische derselben.3. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the abrasive materials are selected from the group comprising plastics, hard waxes, natural materials, ceramic particles and inorganic substances and mixtures thereof.
4. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abrasivstoff ein Kunststoff ist, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyester, Polycarbonat, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylacetat, Polymethylmethacrylat sowie Copolymere und Gemische derselben, insbesondere Polystyrol.4. abrasive cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the abrasive is a plastic, preferably selected from the group comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate and copolymers and mixtures thereof , especially polystyrene.
5. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abrasivstoff in einer Menge von 0,05 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 0,3 bis 2 Gew.-%, enthalten ist.5. Abrasive cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the abrasive is contained in an amount of 0.05 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.3 to 2 wt .-%.
6. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das oder die enthaltenen Tenside ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe umfassend anionische, nichtionische und amphotere Tenside sowie Gemische derselben.6. abrasive cleaning agent according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant or surfactants are selected from the group comprising anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof.
7. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens ein Aniontensid enthält, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend aliphatische Sulfate, insbesondere Fettalkoholsulfate, Fettalkoholethersulfate, Dialkylethersulfate und Monoglyceridsulfate, aliphatische Sulfonate, insbesondere Alkansulfonate, Olefinsulfonate, Ethersulfonate, n-AI- kylethersulfonate, Estersulfonate und Ligninsulfonate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Fettsäu- recyanamide, Sulfobernsteinsäureester, Fettsäureisethionate, Acylaminoalkansulfo- nate, Fettsäuresarcosinate, Ethercarbonsäuren, Alkyl(ether)phosphate sowie Gemische derselben, vorzugsweise Fettalkoholethersulfate.7. abrasive cleaning agent according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains at least one anionic surfactant, preferably selected from the group comprising aliphatic sulfates, especially fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates and monoglyceride sulfates, aliphatic sulfonates, especially alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ether sulfates Alkyl ether sulfonates, ester sulfonates and lignin sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, sulfosuccinate esters, fatty acid isethionates, acylamino alkane sulfonates, fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids, alkyl (ether) phosphates and mixtures thereof, preferably fatty alcohol ether sulfates.
8. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid enthält, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Alkylpolyglycoside, insbesondere Alkylpoly- glucoside, (ggf. endgruppenverschlossene) Fettalkoholpolyglycolether, Fettsäureglu- camide, Fettsäurealkanolamide sowie Gemische derselben, vorzugsweise Alkylpolyglycoside.8. abrasive cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it contains at least one nonionic surfactant, preferably selected from the group comprising alkyl polyglycosides, in particular alkyl polyglucosides, (optionally end-capped) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid glucamides, fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof, preferably alkyl polyglycosides.
9. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens ein amphoteres Tensid enthält, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Betaine, Aminoxide, Alkylamidoalkylamine, alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren und acylierte Aminosäuren sowie Gemische derselben, besonders bevorzugt Betain, insbesondere Carbobetain.9. abrasive cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it contains at least one amphoteric surfactant, preferably selected from the group comprising betaines, amine oxides, alkylamidoalkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids and acylated amino acids and mixtures thereof, particularly preferably betaine, especially carbobetaine ,
10. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tensidgehalt 15 bis 40 Gew.-% beträgt, vorzugsweise 16 bis 35 Gew.-%.10. Abrasive cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant content is 15 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 16 to 35 wt .-%.
11. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es polymere Verdickungsmittel enthält, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Polycarboxylate, vorzugsweise Homo- und Co- polymerisate der Acrylsäure, insbesondere Acrylsäure-Copolymere, und Polysaccharide, vorzugsweise Heteropolysaccharide.11. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains polymeric thickeners, preferably selected from the group comprising polycarboxylates, preferably homo- and copolymers of acrylic acid, in particular acrylic acid copolymers, and polysaccharides, preferably heteropolysaccharides.
12. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als polymere Verdickungsmittel die Heteropolysaccharide Xanthan Gum und/oder Gellan Gum eingesetzt werden.12. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heteropolysaccharides xanthan gum and / or gellan gum are used as polymeric thickeners.
13. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es polymere Verdickungsmittel in Mengen von 0,01 bis 8 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 6 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-% enthält.13. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains polymeric thickeners in amounts of 0.01 to 8% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 6% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 3% by weight. % contains.
14. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein oder mehrere Lösungsmittel, insbesondere niedermolekulare Alkohole, vorzugsweise in Mengen zwischen 0,1 und 12 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 1 und 10 Gew.-%, enthält.14. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains one or more solvents, in particular low molecular weight alcohols, preferably in amounts between 0.1 and 12% by weight, particularly preferably between 1 and 10% by weight ,
15. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine oder mehrere Dicarbonsäuren und/oder deren Salze, allein oder in Mischung, und/oder andere organische Säuren bzw. deren Salze oder anorganische Salze enthält.15. Abrasive cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains one or more dicarboxylic acids and / or their salts, alone or in a mixture, and / or other organic acids or their salts or inorganic salts.
16. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es bei einer Scherrate von 0,3 U/min eine Viskosität zwischen 2500 und 100.000 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 3000 und 90.000 mPa-s, bei einer Scherrate von 3 U/min eine Viskosität zwischen 1200 und 10.000 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 1500 und 9.000 mPa-s, und bei einer Scherrate von 30 U/min eine Viskosität zwischen 250 und 2.500 mPa-s, vorzugsweise zwischen 300 und 2.000 mPa-s aufweist, gemessen mit einem Brookfield-Viskosimeter DV II +, Spindel 31, 2 min, 20 °C .16. abrasive cleaning agent according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a viscosity between 2500 and 100,000 mPa-s, preferably between 3000 and 90,000 mPa-s at a shear rate of 0.3 rpm, at a shear rate of 3 rpm, a viscosity between 1200 and 10,000 mPa-s, preferably between 1500 and 9,000 mPa-s, and at a shear rate of 30 rpm, a viscosity between 250 and 2,500 mPa-s, preferably between 300 and 2,000 mPa-s, measured with a Brookfield viscometer DV II +, spindle 31, 2 min, 20 ° C.
17. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weitere in Reinigungsmitteln übliche Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe, insbesondere UV-Stabilisatoren, Parfümstoffe, Farbstoffe, Polymere, Soil-Re- lease-Wirkstoffe, den Glanz verstärkende Stoffe, Hydrotrope, Reinigungsverstärker, pH-Regulatoren, Desinfektionsmittel, Antistatika, Korrosionsinhibitoren und/oder Konservierungsmittel, Enzyme (insbesondere Lipasen, Amylasen), optische Aufheller sowie Hautschutzmittel enthält.17. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are further auxiliaries and additives customary in cleaning agents, in particular UV stabilizers, perfumes, dyes, polymers, soil release active ingredients, substances which increase gloss, hydrotropes, Contains cleaning enhancers, pH regulators, disinfectants, antistatic agents, corrosion inhibitors and / or preservatives, enzymes (especially lipases, amylases), optical brighteners and skin protection agents.
18. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe in Mengen von nicht über 12 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,01 und 7 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,1 und 4 Gew.-%, enthält.18. Abrasive cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains auxiliaries and additives in amounts of not more than 12% by weight, preferably between 0.01 and 7% by weight, in particular between 0.1 and 4% by weight .-%.
19. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einen pH-Wert von 3 bis 10, vorzugsweise von 4 bis 8 aufweist.19. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a pH of 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 8.
20. Abrasivstoffhaltiges Reinigungsmittel gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel und der Abrasivstoff jeweils gleich oder unterschiedlich eingefärbt sein können.20. Abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the agent and the abrasive can each be colored the same or different.
21. Verwendung eines abrasivstoffhaltigen Reinigungsmittels gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche als Handgeschirrspülmittel.21. Use of an abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims as a hand dishwashing liquid.
22. Verwendung eines abrasivstoffhaltigen Reinigungsmittels gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20 zur Vorreinigung von stark verschmutztem Geschirr sowie zur Entfernung von angebranntem Fettschmutz.22. Use of an abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 20 for pre-cleaning heavily soiled dishes and for removing burnt-on grease.
23. Verwendung eines abrasivstoffhaltigen Reinigungsmittels gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20 als manuelles Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen. 23. Use of an abrasive-containing cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 20 as a manual cleaning agent for hard surfaces.
EP03769353A 2002-10-16 2003-10-07 Transparent abrasive cleaning product, especially washing up liquid Ceased EP1551946A1 (en)

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DE2002148313 DE10248313A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Transparent abrasive cleaning agent, especially hand dishwashing liquid
DE10248313 2002-10-16
PCT/EP2003/011052 WO2004035720A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2003-10-07 Transparent abrasive cleaning product, especially washing up liquid

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