EP1522251A2 - Washing or rinsing machine with electronic control system - Google Patents

Washing or rinsing machine with electronic control system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1522251A2
EP1522251A2 EP04020105A EP04020105A EP1522251A2 EP 1522251 A2 EP1522251 A2 EP 1522251A2 EP 04020105 A EP04020105 A EP 04020105A EP 04020105 A EP04020105 A EP 04020105A EP 1522251 A2 EP1522251 A2 EP 1522251A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning machine
machine according
washing
secondary coil
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04020105A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1522251B1 (en
EP1522251A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Heinz Dr. Annecke
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BHT Hygienetechnik GmbH
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BHT Hygienetechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP1522251A3 publication Critical patent/EP1522251A3/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0049—Detection or prevention of malfunction, including accident prevention
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/46—Devices for the automatic control of the different phases of cleaning ; Controlling devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/14—Arrangements for detecting or measuring specific parameters
    • D06F34/16—Imbalance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/14—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware with stationary crockery baskets and spraying devices within the cleaning chamber
    • A47L15/18—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware with stationary crockery baskets and spraying devices within the cleaning chamber with movably-mounted spraying devices
    • A47L15/22—Rotary spraying devices
    • A47L15/23—Rotary spraying devices moved by means of the sprays
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/30—Variation of electrical, magnetical or optical quantities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/26—Indication or alarm to the controlling device or to the user

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a cleaning machine is known from DE 44 38 036 C2 known.
  • Cleaning machines have a wet area, usually is called a washroom and one of them waterproof separate dry area, in which inter alia a mostly electronic control of the machine and more Aggregates, such as pumps, valves and the like, are located.
  • a washroom waterproof separate dry area
  • Aggregates such as pumps, valves and the like
  • To control and monitor the operation of the cleaning machine it is desirable to have certain physical To measure or sense sizes within the washroom, For example, the speed of a rotatable spray arm, the exiting by pressurized washing liquid in rotary motion is offset, the speed of a metering pump, a rotatable drum for cleaning hoses etc.
  • Cleaning machines especially dishwashers have such Spray arms (called rotating arms) whose rotation the cleaning result significantly influenced, namely by the fact of whether cleaning fluid from the swing arms exit and thus the objects to be cleaned evenly be sprayed.
  • rotating arms whose rotation the cleaning result significantly influenced, namely by the fact of whether cleaning fluid from the swing arms exit and thus the objects to be cleaned evenly be sprayed.
  • this is not the case, be it through clogged Nozzles on the swivel arms, due to incorrect loading of the dishwasher with objects in the rotation range of the rotary arms protrude and block their rotation with it, through increased friction of the bearing of the rotating arms, by easing the performance of a circulating pump, due to too little water in the Detergent cycle or by foaming in the cleaning fluid.
  • the rotational movement of the rotary arms to monitor.
  • the said DE 44 38 036 C2 before, the pivot bearing of the rotary arm with to arrange an axial extension in the wet area, wherein the extension means a transmitter (e.g., metal cams, Resonant circuit, etc.) whose signals are connected to a Receiving device (reed contact, proximity switch, Hall sensor etc.) are sensed in the wet or dry area.
  • a transmitter e.g., metal cams, Resonant circuit, etc.
  • DE 40 10 066 A1 proposes different rotating arms the cleaning machine with different water pressure to apply so that they with different rotational speed operate. From here and out of the the rotary arms leaking rinsing fluid are respectively produces different sounds that are characteristic Frequency ranges lie.
  • a microphone which Outside the washroom is located first recorded the noise generated on the washroom inner wall and then with the help of an electronic filter the characteristic frequency ranges from the signal mixture screened. An analysis of the remaining signals allows conclusions about the rotational behavior of the rotating arms.
  • a fundamental problem with rotary arm rotation monitoring is that the rotating arms in many cleaning machines, in particular for the cleaning of medical Appliances are used, not fixed in the wash chamber are attached but are located on washing inserts, equipped with the objects to be cleaned and in the Washing chamber of the machine can be used. At almost Each type of washing insert is located on the rotating arms another position.
  • the receiving means e.g. Pressure sensors, Microphones or the like at a fixed position arranged in or outside the wash chamber, resulting in the Use of washing inserts, each with different arranged rotary arms is not possible.
  • the object of the invention is therefore, the cleaning machine of the type mentioned above to improve that monitoring of movements of aggregates is possible even if these are in different positions in the washroom the cleaning machine are arranged.
  • the basic principle of the invention is sensors for monitoring the movement of aggregates on the wash insert to install. From this arises then the consequence problem the transmission of the sensor signals from the respective washing application to control the cleaning machine that is outside located in the washroom, so the wet area of the machine to the dry area.
  • a galvanic coupling between the sensors and an evaluation circuit through contacts, Plug, etc. is due to the in the wash chamber prevailing humidity and temperature effects to exclude because of the high susceptibility to interference.
  • the invention therefore proposes a galvanically isolated coupling.
  • an electromagnetic coupling with used two coils.
  • the primary coil is outside the washroom in the dry area or in waterproof Execution in the washroom (wet area) and is connected to an oscillator connected.
  • the secondary coil is on the wash in the wet area and is with one or more likewise arranged on the washing insert sensors connected.
  • the sensors are, for example, reed contacts, operated by attached to the aggregates magnets become. Every time a magnet passes the reed contact, the reed switch is closed intermittently and reopened, causing the secondary coil for a short time shorted. This acts via the primary coil the oscillator back, thereby at least one of his Parameters, e.g. Frequency, current and / or voltage changes.
  • the change of these parameters is made by an evaluation circuit evaluated to the effect that the number of closing or Opening operations of the switches per unit time determined become.
  • the number of closing and opening operations depends thereby of the number of aggregates and their rotation speed These values are each characteristic of individual washing inserts are.
  • When blocking individual Aggregates or too low speed decreases the number of Closing and opening operations of the switch under a predetermined threshold value and it will trigger an alarm.
  • sensors other types of sensors can be used be such.
  • the aggregates or rotating arms usually rotate asynchronously to each other, so that only relatively rarely overlaps of pulses occur, i.e. that simultaneously several switches open or close. From the total number of pulses can then be determined whether one or more of the aggregates or rotating arms not turn it correctly. Possibly occurring overlaps can be eliminated by a correction factor. Also exists the possibility of a larger number of aggregates or swivel arms to combine them into several groups, then each group has a pair of coils and an oscillator assigned. Of course, also individual Aggregates, such as e.g. Swivel arms to be monitored.
  • the secondary coil on the wash rack by an additional Capacity to a series or parallel resonant circuit formed, which resonates with the frequency of the oscillator stands. As a result, the sensitivity is increased.
  • any rotational movements of rotary arms be detected but any rotational movements of itself moving or rotating parts in the washroom, e.g. a rotating washing drum for cleaning medical Hoses, as known from DE 31 43 005 C2 is.
  • any type of opening or closing operations or pulses generated on the wash insert be transferred to the control of the machine.
  • Sensors can pressure switch, flow meter, flow meter or something similar.
  • the washing carrier an identification device provided For example, a magnetic reader and a magnetic coding on the washstand. Because different washbasins too different number of swivel arms or rotating Sharing, this information is the evaluation to transmit this information during the evaluation considered.
  • the evaluation device preferably gives an alarm signal off if it is determined that one or more rotating arms do not turn with the expected speed.
  • Fig. 1 Even if in the following Embodiment is referred to rotary arms, so it should be expressly noted that with the invention the movement of any aggregates can be detected.
  • Such Aggregates can be: rotary arms, washing drums, pumps, Flaps, sliders, valves, door handles moved into the washroom or similar.
  • a washing insert 1, for example a task basket is, with the objects to be cleaned is charged and in a laundry room of a cleaning machine is inserted, has several spray arms or rotating arms D1 ... Dn rotatable on one or more axes of rotation A. are stored.
  • rotary arms have in a known manner not shown spray nozzles from which cleaning fluid escapes under pressure, causing the respective rotary arm is put into a rotary motion.
  • a magnet M1 ... Mn attached to which a reed switch K1 ... Kn is assigned.
  • a reed switch K1 ... Kn is assigned.
  • This switch does not, for example, on short closing followed by re-opening of the reed contact be.
  • the Reed contact is normally closed and passing by of the magnet opens briefly. All reed contacts K1 ... Kn are connected in parallel and with a secondary coil L2 connected.
  • the secondary coil L2 may be a capacitor C1 be connected in parallel or alternatively a capacitor C2 in series with a terminal of the secondary coil L1 lie, whereby a resonant circuit is formed on Resonance frequency is tuned with an oscillator.
  • Each wash insert 1 additionally has a coding 2, for example in the form of a magnetic coding, where in Interior of the washroom, in which the washing insert 1 is inserted is a reading device 3 is located, the corresponding Code reads and thus a signal for a laundry insert identification which supplies a control 6 of the Cleaning machine is supplied.
  • a coding 2 for example in the form of a magnetic coding
  • the secondary coil L2 is connected via an air gap Sp with a Primary coil L1 coupled.
  • the primary coil (L1) can in watertight execution located in the washroom or also outside the washroom in the drying room, in which case between primary coil (L1) and secondary coil (L2) a window made of non-magnetic material.
  • the primary coil (L1) is connected to an oscillator 4 and forms along with this one resonant circuit, over the coupling through the air gap Sp also coupled to the secondary coil L2 is. Both coils L1 and L2 are thus components a resonant circuit with the oscillator 4. Changes at least one of the switches K1 ... Kn its switching state, so acts This also applies to the resonant circuit of oscillator 4 and Primary coil L1 off.
  • the secondary coil L2 is short-circuited.
  • This changes at least one parameter of said resonant circuit for example the frequency thereof and / or its power consumption or its current or its tension.
  • This process can be done by a frequency evaluation circuit 5 are detected and sent to the controller 6 of the machine are reported, at an output 6a emits an error signal or aborts the cleaning process initiates.
  • the error signal may be, for example be issued optically or acoustically or in one Cleaning protocol to be printed.
  • the frequency evaluation 5 can also an evaluation circuit 7 for the evaluation of others Parameters of the oscillator 4, e.g. its power consumption, its current or its voltage, be provided which also reports its evaluation result to the control 6. Via additional outputs 9, the evaluation result can also otherwise be output, be it as an error signal or as a cleaning protocol.
  • Parameters of the oscillator 4 e.g. its power consumption, its current or its voltage
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an evaluation circuit.
  • one or more switches K1 are parallel connected to the secondary coil L2.
  • a series connection a resistor R5 and the primary coil L1 is between Supply voltage Vcc and ground.
  • Parallel to the primary coil L1 is the oscillator 4.
  • a first Low pass Tp1 connected, whose output is connected to the non-inverting Input of a comparator 10 is connected.
  • the output of the first low pass Tp1 is via a second Lowpass Tp2 with the inverting input of the comparator 10 connected.
  • the first low-pass filter Tp1 smoothes the at the primary coil L1 falling voltage, so that the oscillator frequency is not into the measurement.
  • the output signal of the second Low-pass filter whose cut-off frequency is lower than that of the first low-pass filter, serves as a reference voltage for the comparator 10. With switched switch K1 the output voltage of the low-pass filter Tp1 is larger than that of the low-pass filter Tp2, so that the comparator 10th turns on and outputs a high level at its output.
  • Fig. 3 shows a more detailed circuit diagram of the circuit according to Fig. 2.
  • the primary coil L1 is here in two sub-coils Split L11 and L12.
  • the primary coil L1 and the secondary coil L2 are each in two sub-coils L11, L12 and L21, Split L22.
  • the respective partial coils can be spatially be separated from each other and are in pairs associated with each other, so electromagnetically via an air gap coupled with each other, so L11 with L21 and L12 with L22.
  • a first terminal of the first partial coil L11 is with a first capacitor C1, whose second terminal with a series connection of a resistor R2, a collector-emitter path of a transistor T1 and a resistor R1, the latter with ground connected is.
  • the base of the transistor T1 is located at a Voltage dividers from resistors R3 and R4.
  • the resistance R4 is connected to ground and resistor R3 is connected via a another resistor R5 with supply voltage Vcc.
  • One Connection of the second partial coil L12 is via a capacitor C2 is connected to the base of the transistor T1.
  • the second Connection of the partial coil L12 is grounded.
  • the two partial coils L11 and L12, the capacitors C1 and C2, the resistors R1 to R4 and the transistor T1 form a Meissner oscillator whose output is the first connection the first sub-coil L11 is. This output is via a Capacitor C3 connected to ground, where the resistance R5 and the capacitor C3 form the first low-pass filter TP1.
  • the common connection point between the resistor R5 and the capacitor C3 form the output of the first Low pass TP1 and is connected via a capacitor C4 with the non-inverting input of the comparator 10 connected and via a resistor R6 to ground.
  • the capacitor C4 and the resistor R6 form a high pass whose Output the common connection point between the capacitor C4 and resistor R6.
  • the output of this High pass is via a series connection of a resistor R7 and a capacitor C5 connected to ground, wherein the common connection point between the resistor R7 and the capacitor C5 with the inverting input the comparator 10 is connected.
  • the resistor R7 and the capacitor C5 form the second low-pass filter TP2, its output as a reference voltage for the inverting Input of the comparator 10 is used. At the output of the comparator 10 then appear in connection with FIG. 2 explained Switching pulses.
  • TP1 is 100 Hz.
  • the capacitor C4 and the resistor R6 form a high-pass HP whose filtered Output signal at the non-inverting input of the Comparator 10 and at the entrance of the second low pass R7 and C5 (TP2).
  • the cutoff frequency of the high pass For example, HP is 10 Hz and that of the second low pass TP2 at 1 Hz.
  • the output signal of the second low-pass filter TP2 serves as a reference voltage at the inverting input of the comparator 10.
  • the oscillator frequency is in this case in the order of 120 kHz.
  • the coil L11 is included direct component of the oscillator and with the feedback coil L12 inductively coupled. This causes the Power consumption of the oscillator when closing the switch becomes smaller, since the positive feedback decreases, so that the voltage at the output of the first low-pass filter Tp1 increases.
  • the following high-pass filter is only for direct current separation of the signal, so that only the alternating component at the comparator is evaluated.
  • the first low-pass filter thus essentially serves for suppressing the oscillator frequency, the high-pass filter for suppressing the DC component and the second Low-pass filter for automatic long-term stable generation of a Reference value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Sensors (D) detect the motion of dish washing machine spray arms or the drum of clothes washing machines and reed switches (S) energise a coil (L2) in the wet area of the machine and hence the primary (L1) in the dry area for evaluation by a frequency analyzer (5) and corrective control unit (6).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Reinigungsmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a cleaning machine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Reinigungsmaschine ist aus der DE 44 38 036 C2 bekannt.Such a cleaning machine is known from DE 44 38 036 C2 known.

Reinigungsmaschinen haben einen Naßbereich, der üblicherweise als Waschraum bezeichnet wird und einen davon wasserdicht getrennten Trockenbereich, in welchem sich unter anderem eine meist elektronische Steuerung der Maschine sowie weitere Aggregate, wie Pumpen, Ventile und ähnliches, befinden. Zur Steuerung und Überwachung der Arbeitsweise der Reinigungsmaschine ist es wünschenswert, bestimmte physikalische Größen innerhalb des Waschraumes zu messen bzw. zu sensieren, beispielsweise die Drehzahl eines drehbaren Sprüharmes, der durch unter Druck austretende Spülflüssigkeit in Drehbewegung versetzt wird, die Drehzahl einer Dosierpumpe, einer drehbaren Trommel zur Reinigung von Schläuchen etc.Cleaning machines have a wet area, usually is called a washroom and one of them waterproof separate dry area, in which inter alia a mostly electronic control of the machine and more Aggregates, such as pumps, valves and the like, are located. To control and monitor the operation of the cleaning machine it is desirable to have certain physical To measure or sense sizes within the washroom, For example, the speed of a rotatable spray arm, the exiting by pressurized washing liquid in rotary motion is offset, the speed of a metering pump, a rotatable drum for cleaning hoses etc.

Reinigungsmaschinen, insbesondere Spülmaschinen haben solche Sprüharme (im folgenden Dreharme genannt), deren Drehung das Reinigungsergebnis ganz wesentlich beeinflußt, nämlich durch die Tatsache, ob Reinigungsflüssigkeit aus den Dreharmen austritt und damit die zu reinigenden Gegenstände gleichmäßig besprüht werden. Aus vielerlei Gründen kann es vorkommen, daß dies nicht der Fall ist, sei es durch verstopfte Düsen an den Dreharmen, durch falsche Beschickung der Spülmaschine mit Gegenständen, die in den Drehbereich der Dreharme hineinragen und deren Drehbewegung damit blockieren, durch erhöhte Reibung der Lagerung der Dreharme, durch Nachlassen der Leistung einer Umwälzpumpe, durch zu wenig Wasser im Spülmittelkreislauf oder durch Schaumbildung in der Reinigungsflüssigkeit.Cleaning machines, especially dishwashers have such Spray arms (called rotating arms) whose rotation the cleaning result significantly influenced, namely by the fact of whether cleaning fluid from the swing arms exit and thus the objects to be cleaned evenly be sprayed. For many reasons, it can happen that this is not the case, be it through clogged Nozzles on the swivel arms, due to incorrect loading of the dishwasher with objects in the rotation range of the rotary arms protrude and block their rotation with it, through increased friction of the bearing of the rotating arms, by easing the performance of a circulating pump, due to too little water in the Detergent cycle or by foaming in the cleaning fluid.

Es ist daher wünschenswert, die Drehbewegung der Dreharme zu überwachen. Zu diesem Zweck schlägt die genannte DE 44 38 036 C2 vor, die Drehlagerung des Dreharmes mit einer axialen Verlängerung im Naßbereich anzuordnen, wobei die Verlängerung eine Sendeeinrichtung (z.B. Metallnocken, Schwingkreis usw.) aufweist, deren Signale mit einer Empfangseinrichtung (Reed-Kontakt, Näherungsschalter, Hallsensor usw.) im Naß- oder Trockenbereich sensiert werden. Mit dieser Überwachungsvorrichtung ist zwar die Drehzahl des Dreharmes ermittelbar, allerdings besteht die Notwendigkeit, im Naßbereich die Drehlagerung des Dreharmes zu verlängern und mit einem Sender zu versehen, was einerseits teuer ist und andererseits die Störanfälligkeit der Überwachungseinrichtung erhöht, da der Sender im Naßbereich dem Spülmitteleinfluß und ständigen Temperaturwechseln ausgesetzt ist. It is therefore desirable, the rotational movement of the rotary arms to monitor. For this purpose, the said DE 44 38 036 C2 before, the pivot bearing of the rotary arm with to arrange an axial extension in the wet area, wherein the extension means a transmitter (e.g., metal cams, Resonant circuit, etc.) whose signals are connected to a Receiving device (reed contact, proximity switch, Hall sensor etc.) are sensed in the wet or dry area. Although with this monitoring device is the speed of the rotary arm, but there is a need to in the wet area to extend the rotary bearing of the rotary arm and to provide a transmitter, which on the one hand expensive and on the other hand, the susceptibility of the monitoring device increased, since the transmitter in the wet area the detergent influence and exposed to constant temperature changes is.

Aus der DE 40 20 898 A1 ist es bekannt, die Drehbewegung der Dreharme durch einen Drucksensor zu überwachen, der in der Wand des Sprühbehälters angeordnet ist. Der Drucksensor besteht aus einer gummielastischen Membran, die sich beim Auftreffen eines Spülwasserstrahls durchwölbt und einen Schalter betätigt.From DE 40 20 898 A1 it is known the rotational movement to monitor the rotary arms by a pressure sensor, the is arranged in the wall of the spray container. The pressure sensor consists of a rubber-elastic membrane, which is bulged when hitting a rinse water jet and operated a switch.

Die DE 197 32 856 C2 schlägt in Weiterentwicklung dieses Prinzips vor, den Drucksensor am Ende eines Trichters anzuordnen, in welchem der Flüssigkeitsstrahl bei Drehungen des Dreharmes eintritt.DE 197 32 856 C2 proposes this in further development Principle to arrange the pressure sensor at the end of a funnel, in which the liquid jet during rotations of the rotary arm occurs.

Die DE 40 10 066 A1 schlägt vor, verschiedene Dreharme der Reinigungsmaschine mit unterschiedlichem Wasserdruck zu beaufschlagen, so daß sie mit unterschiedlicher Drehgeschwindigkeit betrieben werden. Hieraus und aus der aus den Dreharmen austretenden Spülflüssigkeit werden jeweils unterschiedliche Geräusche erzeugt, die in charakteristischen Frequenzbereichen liegen. Mittels eines Mikrophones, welches außerhalb des Waschraumes angeordnet ist, werden zunächst die an der Waschrauminnenwand erzeugten Geräusche aufgenommen und anschließend mit Hilfe eines elektronischen Filters die charakteristischen Frequenzbereiche aus dem Signalgemisch ausgesiebt. Eine Analyse der dabei verbleibenden Signale läßt Rückschlüsse auf das Drehverhalten der Dreharme zu.DE 40 10 066 A1 proposes different rotating arms the cleaning machine with different water pressure to apply so that they with different rotational speed operate. From here and out of the the rotary arms leaking rinsing fluid are respectively produces different sounds that are characteristic Frequency ranges lie. By means of a microphone, which Outside the washroom is located first recorded the noise generated on the washroom inner wall and then with the help of an electronic filter the characteristic frequency ranges from the signal mixture screened. An analysis of the remaining signals allows conclusions about the rotational behavior of the rotating arms.

Ein grundsätzliches Problem bei der Dreharmdrehüberwachung besteht darin, daß die Dreharme bei vielen Reinigungsmaschinen, wie sie insbesondere für die Reinigung medizinischer Geräte eingesetzt werden, nicht fest in der Waschkammer angebracht sind, sondern sich auf Wascheinsätzen befinden, die mit zu reinigenden Gegenständen bestückt und in die Waschkammer der Maschine eingesetzt werden. Bei nahezu jedem Typ von Wascheinsatz befinden sich die Dreharme an einer anderen Position. Beim oben abgehandelten Stand der Technik sind die Empfangseinrichtungen, wie z.B. Drucksensoren, Mikrophone oder ähnliches an fest vorgegebener Position in oder außerhalb der Waschkammer angeordnet, was bei der Verwendung von Wascheinsätzen mit jeweils unterschiedlich angeordneten Dreharmen nicht möglich ist.A fundamental problem with rotary arm rotation monitoring is that the rotating arms in many cleaning machines, in particular for the cleaning of medical Appliances are used, not fixed in the wash chamber are attached but are located on washing inserts, equipped with the objects to be cleaned and in the Washing chamber of the machine can be used. At almost Each type of washing insert is located on the rotating arms another position. In the above discussed state of Technique is the receiving means, e.g. Pressure sensors, Microphones or the like at a fixed position arranged in or outside the wash chamber, resulting in the Use of washing inserts, each with different arranged rotary arms is not possible.

Das gleiche Problem tritt auch bei der Sensierung der Drehbewegung anderer auf dem Wascheinsatz angebrachter Aggregate auf, wie z.B. von Dosierpumpen zur Zufuhr von Reinigungszusätzen, von sich drehenden Waschtrommeln für das Reinigen medizinischer Schläuche, wie sie aus der DE 31 43 005 C2 bekannt sind oder von Öffnungs- und Schließvorgängen von Klappen, Ventilen oder ähnlichem, die ebenfalls auf dem Wascheinsatz angeordnet sein können.The same problem also occurs when sensing the rotational movement other aggregates mounted on the washstand on, such as of dosing pumps for the supply of cleaning additives, of rotating washing drums for cleaning medical hoses, as described in DE 31 43 005 C2 are known or from opening and closing operations of Flaps, valves or similar, also on the Wash insert can be arranged.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die Reinigungsmaschine der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß eine Überwachung von Bewegungen von Aggregaten möglichist, auch wenn diese an unterschiedlichen Positionen im Waschraum der Reinigungsmaschine angeordnet sind.The object of the invention is therefore, the cleaning machine of the type mentioned above to improve that monitoring of movements of aggregates is possible even if these are in different positions in the washroom the cleaning machine are arranged.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is specified by the in claim 1 Characteristics solved. Advantageous embodiments and developments The invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Das Grundprinzip der Erfindung besteht darin, Sensoren für die Überwachung der Bewegung von Aggregaten am Wascheinsatz anzubringen. Hieraus entsteht dann das Folgeproblem der Übertragung der Sensorsignale vom jeweiligen Wascheinsatz zur Steuerung der Reinigungsmaschine, die sich außerhalb des Waschraumes befindet, also vom Naßbereich der Maschine zum Trockenbereich. Eine galvanische Kopplung zwischen den Sensoren und einer Auswerteschaltung durch Kontakte, Stecker usw. ist dabei aufgrund der in der Waschkammer herrschenden Feuchtigkeits- und Temperatureinwirkungen auszuschließen wegen der hohen Störanfälligkeit. Die Erfindung schlägt daher eine galvanisch getrennte Kopplung vor.The basic principle of the invention is sensors for monitoring the movement of aggregates on the wash insert to install. From this arises then the consequence problem the transmission of the sensor signals from the respective washing application to control the cleaning machine that is outside located in the washroom, so the wet area of the machine to the dry area. A galvanic coupling between the sensors and an evaluation circuit through contacts, Plug, etc. is due to the in the wash chamber prevailing humidity and temperature effects to exclude because of the high susceptibility to interference. The invention therefore proposes a galvanically isolated coupling.

Vorzugsweise wird eine elektromagnetische Kopplung mit zwei Spulen verwendet. Die Primärspule befindet sich außerhalb des Waschraumes im Trockenbereich oder in wasserdichter Ausführung im Waschraum (Naßbereich) und ist an einen Oszillator angeschlossen. Die Sekundärspule befindet sich auf dem Wascheinsatz im Naßbereich und ist mit einem oder mehreren ebenfalls auf dem Wascheinsatz angeordneten Sensoren verbunden. Die Sensoren sind beispielsweise Reed-Kontakte, die durch an den Aggregaten befestigte Magnete betätigt werden. Jedesmal, wenn ein Magnet an dem Reed-Kontakt vorbeiläuft, wird der Reed-Schalter intermittierend geschlossen und wieder geöffnet, wodurch die Sekundärspule kurzzeitig kurzgeschlossen wird. Dies wirkt über die Primärspule auf den Oszillator zurück, der hierdurch mindestens einen seiner Parameter, wie z.B. Frequenz, Strom und/oder Spannung ändert. Die Veränderung dieser Parameter wird von einer Auswerteschaltung dahingehend ausgewertet, daß die Zahl der Schließoder Öffnungsvorgänge der Schalter pro Zeiteinheit ermittelt werden. Die Anzahl der Schließ- und Öffnungsvorgänge hängt dabei von der Zahl der Aggregate und deren Drehgeschwindigkeit ab, wobei diese Werte jeweils charakteristisch für einzelne Wascheinsätze sind. Bei Blockierung einzelner Aggregate oder zu niedriger Drehzahl sinkt die Zahl der Schließ- und Öffnungsvorgänge der Schalter unter einen vorgegebenen Schwellwert ab und es wird ein Alarm ausgelöst. Als Sensoren können auch andere Arten von Sensoren verwendet werden, wie z.B. Näherungsschalter auf induktiver oder kapazitiver Basis, durch die ein Parameter des Oszillators verändert wird.Preferably, an electromagnetic coupling with used two coils. The primary coil is outside the washroom in the dry area or in waterproof Execution in the washroom (wet area) and is connected to an oscillator connected. The secondary coil is on the wash in the wet area and is with one or more likewise arranged on the washing insert sensors connected. The sensors are, for example, reed contacts, operated by attached to the aggregates magnets become. Every time a magnet passes the reed contact, the reed switch is closed intermittently and reopened, causing the secondary coil for a short time shorted. This acts via the primary coil the oscillator back, thereby at least one of his Parameters, e.g. Frequency, current and / or voltage changes. The change of these parameters is made by an evaluation circuit evaluated to the effect that the number of closing or Opening operations of the switches per unit time determined become. The number of closing and opening operations depends thereby of the number of aggregates and their rotation speed These values are each characteristic of individual washing inserts are. When blocking individual Aggregates or too low speed decreases the number of Closing and opening operations of the switch under a predetermined threshold value and it will trigger an alarm. As sensors, other types of sensors can be used be such. Proximity switch on inductive or capacitive base, through which a parameter of the oscillator is changed.

Sind auf dem Waschträger mehrere Aggregate, wie z.B. mehrere Dreharme, angeordnet, so werden in vorteilhafter Weise alle Sensoren parallel geschaltet, so daß nur ein einziges Paar von Spulen benötigt wird. Die Aggregate bzw. Dreharme drehen sich üblicherweise asynchron zueinander, so daß nur relativ selten Überlappungen von Impulsen auftreten, d.h. daß gleichzeitig mehrere Schalter öffnen oder schließen. Aus der Gesamtzahl der Impulse läßt sich dann ermitteln, ob einer oder mehrere der Aggregate bzw. Dreharme nicht korrekt drehen. Eventuell auftretende Überlappungen können durch einen Korrekturfaktor eliminiert werden. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit bei einer größeren Anzahl von Aggregaten bzw. Dreharmen diese zu mehreren Gruppen zusammenzufassen, wobei dann jeder Gruppe ein Paar von Spulen und ein Oszillator zugeordnet ist. Selbstverständlich können auch einzelne Aggregate, wie z.B. Dreharme, überwacht werden.Are on the washing machine several aggregates, such. several Turning arms, arranged, so be in an advantageous manner all sensors are connected in parallel, so that only a single Pair of coils is needed. The aggregates or rotating arms usually rotate asynchronously to each other, so that only relatively rarely overlaps of pulses occur, i.e. that simultaneously several switches open or close. From the total number of pulses can then be determined whether one or more of the aggregates or rotating arms not turn it correctly. Possibly occurring overlaps can be eliminated by a correction factor. Also exists the possibility of a larger number of aggregates or swivel arms to combine them into several groups, then each group has a pair of coils and an oscillator assigned. Of course, also individual Aggregates, such as e.g. Swivel arms to be monitored.

Nach einer vorteilhafteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Sekundärspule auf dem Waschträger durch eine zusätzliche Kapazität zu einem Reihen- oder Parallelschwingkreis ausgebildet, der in Resonanz mit der Frequenz des Oszillators steht. Hierdurch ist die Ansprechempfindlichkeit erhöht.After a more advantageous development of the invention is the secondary coil on the wash rack by an additional Capacity to a series or parallel resonant circuit formed, which resonates with the frequency of the oscillator stands. As a result, the sensitivity is increased.

Mit der Erfindung können nicht nur Drehbewegungen von Dreharmen erfaßt werden sondern jegliche Drehbewegungen von sich bewegenden bzw. drehenden Teilen im Waschraum, wie z.B. einer sich drehenden Waschtrommel für das Reinigen medizinischer Schläuche, wie sie aus der DE 31 43 005 C2 bekannt ist. Außerdem können jegliche Art von Öffnungs- oder Schließvorgängen oder Impulsen, die auf dem Wascheinsatz erzeugt werden, an die Steuerung der Maschine übertragen werden. Sensoren können dabei Druckschalter, Durchflußmesser, Mengenmesser oder ähnliches sein.With the invention, not only rotational movements of rotary arms be detected but any rotational movements of itself moving or rotating parts in the washroom, e.g. a rotating washing drum for cleaning medical Hoses, as known from DE 31 43 005 C2 is. In addition, any type of opening or closing operations or pulses generated on the wash insert be transferred to the control of the machine. Sensors can pressure switch, flow meter, flow meter or something similar.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist zur Identifikation des Waschträgers eine Identifikationseinrichtung vorgesehen, beispielsweise ein Magnetlesegerät und eine Magnetcodierung auf dem Waschträger. Da unterschiedliche Waschträger auch unterschiedliche Anzahl von Dreharmen oder sich drehenden Teilen haben, ist diese Information der Auswerteeinrichtung zu übermitteln, die diese Information bei der Auswertung berücksichtigt.According to a development of the invention is for identification the washing carrier an identification device provided For example, a magnetic reader and a magnetic coding on the washstand. Because different washbasins too different number of swivel arms or rotating Sharing, this information is the evaluation to transmit this information during the evaluation considered.

Die Auswerteeinrichtung gibt vorzugsweise ein Alarmsignal aus, wenn festgestellt wird, daß einer oder mehrere Dreharme nicht mit der erwarteten Drehzahl drehen.The evaluation device preferably gives an alarm signal off if it is determined that one or more rotating arms do not turn with the expected speed.

Mit der Erfindung werden unter anderem folgende Vorteile erreicht:

  • Es wird keine elektrische, d.h. galvanische Kopplung zwischen Wascheinsatz und Trockenbereich der Maschine durch Stecker oder Kontakte benötigt;
  • es können unterschiedliche Arten von Wascheinsätzen mit unterschiedlicher Anordnung und unterschiedlicher Zahl von Dreharmen in ein und derselben Maschine verwendet werden, wobei die elektrische Ausrüstung für die Drehzahlüberwachung unabhängig vom Wascheinsatz ist;
  • eine individuelle Anpassung an die Zahl der Dreharme erfolgt auf dem jeweiligen Wascheinsatz;
  • auch zukünftig entwickelte Wascheinsätze können ohne Problem an die Reinigungsmaschine angepaßt werden und in die Drehzahlüberwachung integriert werden;
  • mit an sich bekannten Identifikationssystemen für Wascheinsätze, wie z.B. eine Magnetcodierung können die jeweiligen Sollwerte und Grenzwerte ohne zusätzlichen Schaltungsaufwand für alle Arten von Wascheinsätzen verarbeitet werden.
    • Amongst others, the following advantages are achieved with the invention:
  • There is no electrical, ie galvanic coupling between the wash and dry area of the machine needed by plug or contacts;
  • different types of washing inserts with different arrangements and number of rotating arms can be used in one and the same machine, the electrical equipment for speed monitoring being independent of the washing application;
  • an individual adaptation to the number of rotating arms takes place on the respective washing insert;
  • also future developed wash inserts can be adapted without any problem to the cleaning machine and integrated into the speed monitoring;
  • With known identification systems for washing inserts, such as a magnetic coding, the respective setpoints and limits can be processed without additional circuitry for all types of washing inserts.

    • Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen ausführlicher erläutert. Es zeigt:

    Fig. 1
    eine Prinzipskizze der Reinigungsmaschine nach der Erfindung;
    Fig. 2
    ein Blockschaltbild einer Überwachungsschaltung; und
    Fig. 3
    ein detailiertes Schaltbild der Schaltung der Fig. 2.
    In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments. It shows:
    Fig. 1
    a schematic diagram of the cleaning machine according to the invention;
    Fig. 2
    a block diagram of a monitoring circuit; and
    Fig. 3
    a detailed circuit diagram of the circuit of FIG. 2.

    zunächst sei auf Fig. 1 Bezug genommen. Auch wenn im folgenden Ausführungsbeispiel auf Dreharme Bezug genommen wird, so sei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, daß mit der Erfindung die Bewegung jeglicher Aggregate erfaßt werden kann. Solche Aggregate können sein: Dreharme, Waschtrommeln, Pumpen, Klappen, Schieber, Ventile, in den Waschraum bewegte Türgriffe oder ähnliches. Ein Wascheinsatz 1, der beispielsweise ein Einsatzkorb ist, der mit zu reinigenden Gegenständen beschickt ist und in einen Waschraum einer Reinigungsmaschine eingeschoben wird, hat mehrere Sprüharme bzw. Dreharme D1...Dn, die an einer oder mehreren Drehachsen A drehbar gelagert sind. Diese Dreharme haben in bekannter Weise nicht dargestellte Sprühdüsen, aus denen Reinigungsflüssigkeit unter Druck austritt, wodurch der jeweilige Dreharm in eine Drehbewegung versetzt wird. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist an jedem Dreharm D1...Dn ein Magnet M1...Mn angebracht, dem ein Reed-Schalter K1...Kn zugeordnet ist. Jedesmal, wenn einer der Magneten M1...Mn an dem zugeordneten Reed-Schalter K1...Kn vorbei bewegt wird, so schaltet dieser kurzzeitig um. Dieses Umschalten kein beispielsweise ein kurzes Schließen mit anschließendem wieder Öffnen des Reed-Kontaktes sein. Umgekehrt ist aber auch denkbar, daß der Reed-Kontakt normalerweise geschlossen ist und beim Vorbeilaufen des Magneten kurzzeitig öffnet. Alle Reed-Kontakte K1...Kn sind parallel geschaltet und mit einer Sekundärspule L2 verbunden.First, reference is made to Fig. 1 reference. Even if in the following Embodiment is referred to rotary arms, so it should be expressly noted that with the invention the movement of any aggregates can be detected. Such Aggregates can be: rotary arms, washing drums, pumps, Flaps, sliders, valves, door handles moved into the washroom or similar. A washing insert 1, for example a task basket is, with the objects to be cleaned is charged and in a laundry room of a cleaning machine is inserted, has several spray arms or rotating arms D1 ... Dn rotatable on one or more axes of rotation A. are stored. These rotary arms have in a known manner not shown spray nozzles from which cleaning fluid escapes under pressure, causing the respective rotary arm is put into a rotary motion. In the illustrated embodiment is at each rotary arm D1 ... Dn a magnet M1 ... Mn attached to which a reed switch K1 ... Kn is assigned. Each time one of the magnets M1 ... Mn on the assigned Reed switch K1 ... Kn is moved past, so this one switches for a short time. This switch does not, for example, on short closing followed by re-opening of the reed contact be. Conversely, it is also conceivable that the Reed contact is normally closed and passing by of the magnet opens briefly. All reed contacts K1 ... Kn are connected in parallel and with a secondary coil L2 connected.

    Als zusätzliche Option kann der Sekundärspule L2 ein Kondensator C1 parallel geschaltet sein oder alternativ ein Kondensator C2 in Reihe zu einem Anschluß der Sekundärspule L1 liegen, womit ein Resonanzkreis gebildet wird, der auf Resonanzfrequenz mit einem Oszillator abgestimmt ist.As an additional option, the secondary coil L2 may be a capacitor C1 be connected in parallel or alternatively a capacitor C2 in series with a terminal of the secondary coil L1 lie, whereby a resonant circuit is formed on Resonance frequency is tuned with an oscillator.

    Jeder Wascheinsatz 1 hat zusätzlich eine Codierung 2, beispielsweise in Form einer Magnetcodierung, wobei sich im Inneren des Waschraumes, in den der Wascheinsatz 1 eingeschoben wird, eine Leseeinrichtung 3 befindet, die den entsprechenden Code liest und damit ein Signal für eine Wascheinsatz-Identifizierung liefert, das einer Steuerung 6 der Reinigungsmaschine zugeführt wird.Each wash insert 1 additionally has a coding 2, for example in the form of a magnetic coding, where in Interior of the washroom, in which the washing insert 1 is inserted is a reading device 3 is located, the corresponding Code reads and thus a signal for a laundry insert identification which supplies a control 6 of the Cleaning machine is supplied.

    Die Sekundärspule L2 ist über einen Luftspalt Sp mit einer Primärspule L1 gekoppelt. Die Primärspule (L1) kann sich in wasserdichter Ausführung im Waschraum befinden oder auch außerhalb des Waschraumes im Trockenraum, wobei dann zwischen Primärspule (L1) und Sekundärspule (L2) ein Fenster aus nicht magnetischem Material vorhanden ist. Die Primärspule (L1) ist mit einem Oszillator 4 verbunden und bildet zusammen mit diesem einen Schwingkreis, der über die Kopplung durch den Luftspalt Sp auch mit der Sekundärspule L2 gekoppelt ist. Beide Spulen L1 und L2 sind damit Bestandteile eines Schwingkreises mit dem Oszillator 4. Ändert mindestens einer der Schalter K1...Kn seinen Schaltzustand, so wirkt sich dies auch auf den Schwingkreis aus Oszillator 4 und Primärspule L1 aus. Wird beispielsweise einer der Schalter K1...Kn geschlossen, so wird die Sekundärspule L2 kurzgeschlossen. Hierdurch ändert sich mindestens ein Parameter des genannten Schwingkreises, beispielsweise dessen Frequenz und/oder dessen Leistungsaufnahme bzw. dessen Strom oder dessen Spannung. Dieser Vorgang kann durch eine Frequenzauswerteschaltung 5 festgestellt werden und an die Steuerung 6 der Maschine gemeldet werden, die an einem Ausgang 6a ein Fehlersignal ausgibt oder einen Abbruch des Reinigungsvorganges einleitet. Das Fehlersignal kann beispielsweise optisch oder akustisch ausgegeben werden oder auch in einem Reinigungsprotokoll ausgedruckt werden.The secondary coil L2 is connected via an air gap Sp with a Primary coil L1 coupled. The primary coil (L1) can in watertight execution located in the washroom or also outside the washroom in the drying room, in which case between primary coil (L1) and secondary coil (L2) a window made of non-magnetic material. The primary coil (L1) is connected to an oscillator 4 and forms along with this one resonant circuit, over the coupling through the air gap Sp also coupled to the secondary coil L2 is. Both coils L1 and L2 are thus components a resonant circuit with the oscillator 4. Changes at least one of the switches K1 ... Kn its switching state, so acts This also applies to the resonant circuit of oscillator 4 and Primary coil L1 off. For example, one of the switches K1 ... Kn closed, the secondary coil L2 is short-circuited. This changes at least one parameter of said resonant circuit, for example the frequency thereof and / or its power consumption or its current or its tension. This process can be done by a frequency evaluation circuit 5 are detected and sent to the controller 6 of the machine are reported, at an output 6a emits an error signal or aborts the cleaning process initiates. The error signal may be, for example be issued optically or acoustically or in one Cleaning protocol to be printed.

    Alternativ oder kumulativ zu der Frequenzauswertung 5 kann auch eine Auswerteschaltung 7 für die Auswertung anderer Parameter des Oszillators 4, wie z.B. dessen Leistungsaufnahme, dessen Strom oder dessen Spannung, vorgesehen sein, die ihr Auswerteergebnis ebenfalls der Steuerung 6 meldet. Über zusätzliche Ausgänge 9 kann das Auswerteergebnis auch anderweitig ausgegeben werden, sei es als Fehlersignal oder als Reinigungsprotokoll.Alternatively or cumulatively to the frequency evaluation 5 can also an evaluation circuit 7 for the evaluation of others Parameters of the oscillator 4, e.g. its power consumption, its current or its voltage, be provided which also reports its evaluation result to the control 6. Via additional outputs 9, the evaluation result can also otherwise be output, be it as an error signal or as a cleaning protocol.

    Fig. 2 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild einer Auswerteschaltung. Wie bei Fig. 1 sind ein oder mehrere Schalter K1 parallel an die Sekundärspule L2 angeschlossen. Eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand R5 und der Primärspule L1 liegt zwischen Versorgungsspannung Vcc und Masse. Parallel zu der Primärspule L1 liegt der Oszillator 4. Am Mittelabgriff zwischen dem Widerstand R5 und der Primärspule L1 ist ein erster Tiefpaß Tp1 angeschlossen, dessen Ausgang mit dem nicht-invertierenden Eingang eines Komparators 10 verbunden ist. Der Ausgang des ersten Tiefpasses Tp1 ist über einen zweiten Tiefpaß Tp2 mit dem invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 verbunden.2 shows a block diagram of an evaluation circuit. As in Fig. 1, one or more switches K1 are parallel connected to the secondary coil L2. A series connection a resistor R5 and the primary coil L1 is between Supply voltage Vcc and ground. Parallel to the primary coil L1 is the oscillator 4. At the center tap between the resistor R5 and the primary coil L1 is a first Low pass Tp1 connected, whose output is connected to the non-inverting Input of a comparator 10 is connected. The output of the first low pass Tp1 is via a second Lowpass Tp2 with the inverting input of the comparator 10 connected.

    Wird der Schalter K1 geschlossen und damit die Sekundärspule L2 kurzgeschlossen, so sinkt der Strom durch die Reihenschaltung aus dem Widerstand R5 und der Primärspule L1. Das erste Tiefpaßfilter Tp1 glättet die an der Primärspule L1 abfallende Spannung, so daß die Oszillatorfrequenz nicht in die Messung einfließt. Das Ausgangssignal des zweiten Tiefpaßfilters, dessen Grenzfrequenz niedriger ist als die des ersten Tiefpaßfilters, dient als Referenzspannung für den Komparator 10. Bei durchgeschaltetem Schalter K1 ist die Ausgangsspannung des Tiefpaßfilters Tp1 größer als die des Tiefpaßfilters Tp2, so daß der Komparator 10 durchschaltet und einen hohen Pegel an seinem Ausgang abgibt. Öffnet der Schalter K1 wieder, so schaltet der Komparator 10 wieder ab, so daß pro Schaltvorgang des Schalters K1 ein Impuls am Ausgang des Komparators 10 erscheint. Diese Impulse werden einem Zähler 11 zugeführt, der beispielsweise Bestandteil einer Rechenschaltung ist, die weitere Auswertungen vornimmt, wie z.B. Anzahl der Impulse pro Zeiteinheit, Vergleich dieser Ergebnisse mit vorgegebenen Sollwerten usw.If the switch K1 is closed and thus the secondary coil L2 short-circuited, the current sinks through the series connection from the resistor R5 and the primary coil L1. The first low-pass filter Tp1 smoothes the at the primary coil L1 falling voltage, so that the oscillator frequency is not into the measurement. The output signal of the second Low-pass filter whose cut-off frequency is lower than that of the first low-pass filter, serves as a reference voltage for the comparator 10. With switched switch K1 the output voltage of the low-pass filter Tp1 is larger than that of the low-pass filter Tp2, so that the comparator 10th turns on and outputs a high level at its output. If switch K1 opens again, the comparator switches 10 again, so that per switching operation of the switch K1 a pulse appears at the output of the comparator 10. These Pulses are supplied to a counter 11, for example Part of an arithmetic circuit is the further evaluations performs such as Number of pulses per unit time, Comparison of these results with given target values etc.

    Fig. 3 zeigt ein detailierteres Schaltbild der Schaltung nach Fig. 2. Die Primärspule L1 ist hier in zwei Teilspulen L11 und L12 aufgeteilt. Die Primärspule L1 und die Sekundärspule L2 sind jeweils in zwei Teilspulen L11, L12 und L21, L22 aufgeteilt. Die jeweiligen Teilspulen können räumlich voneinander getrennt angeordnet sein und sind paarweise einander zugeordnet, also über einen Luftspalt elektromagnetisch miteinander gekoppelt, also L11 mit L21 und L12 mit L22. Ein erster Anschluß der ersten Teilspule L11 ist mit einem ersten Kondensator C1 verbunden, dessen zweiter Anschluß mit einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand R2, einer Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke eines Transistors T1 und einem Widerstand R1 besteht, wobei letzterer mit Masse verbunden ist. Die Basis des Transistors T1 liegt an einem Spannungsteiler aus Widerständen R3 und R4. Der Widerstand R4 ist mit Masse verbunden und der Widerstand R3 über einen weiteren Widerstand R5 mit Versorgungsspannung Vcc. Ein Anschluß der zweiten Teilspule L12 ist über einen Kondensator C2 mit der Basis des Transistors T1 verbunden. Der zweite Anschluß der Teilspule L12 liegt an Masse. Die beiden Teilspulen L11 und L12, die Kondensatoren C1 und C2, die Widerstände R1 bis R4 und der Transistor T1 bilden dabei einen Meissner-Oszillator, dessen Ausgang der erste Anschluß der ersten Teilspule L11 ist. Dieser Ausgang ist über einen Kondensator C3 mit Masse verbunden, wobei der Widerstand R5 und der Kondensator C3 den ersten Tiefpaß TP1 bilden. Der gemeinsame Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem Widerstand R5 und dem Kondensator C3 bildet den Ausgang des ersten Tiefpasses TP1 und ist über einen Kondensator C4 mit dem nicht invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 verbunden sowie über einen Widerstand R6 mit Masse. Der Kondensator C4 und der Widerstand R6 bilden dabei einen Hochpaß, dessen Ausgang der gemeinsame Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem Kondensator C4 und dem Widerstand R6 ist. Der Ausgang dieses Hochpasses ist über eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand R7 und einem Kondensator C5 mit Masse verbunden, wobei der gemeinsame Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem Widerstand R7 und dem Kondensator C5 mit dem invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 verbunden ist. Der Widerstand R7 und der Kondensator C5 bilden dabei den zweiten Tiefpaß TP2, dessen Ausgang als Referenzspannung für den invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 dient. Am Ausgang des Komparators 10 erscheinen dann die im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 2 erläuterten Schaltimpulse.Fig. 3 shows a more detailed circuit diagram of the circuit according to Fig. 2. The primary coil L1 is here in two sub-coils Split L11 and L12. The primary coil L1 and the secondary coil L2 are each in two sub-coils L11, L12 and L21, Split L22. The respective partial coils can be spatially be separated from each other and are in pairs associated with each other, so electromagnetically via an air gap coupled with each other, so L11 with L21 and L12 with L22. A first terminal of the first partial coil L11 is with a first capacitor C1, whose second terminal with a series connection of a resistor R2, a collector-emitter path of a transistor T1 and a resistor R1, the latter with ground connected is. The base of the transistor T1 is located at a Voltage dividers from resistors R3 and R4. The resistance R4 is connected to ground and resistor R3 is connected via a another resistor R5 with supply voltage Vcc. One Connection of the second partial coil L12 is via a capacitor C2 is connected to the base of the transistor T1. The second Connection of the partial coil L12 is grounded. The two partial coils L11 and L12, the capacitors C1 and C2, the resistors R1 to R4 and the transistor T1 form a Meissner oscillator whose output is the first connection the first sub-coil L11 is. This output is via a Capacitor C3 connected to ground, where the resistance R5 and the capacitor C3 form the first low-pass filter TP1. The common connection point between the resistor R5 and the capacitor C3 form the output of the first Low pass TP1 and is connected via a capacitor C4 with the non-inverting input of the comparator 10 connected and via a resistor R6 to ground. The capacitor C4 and the resistor R6 form a high pass whose Output the common connection point between the capacitor C4 and resistor R6. The output of this High pass is via a series connection of a resistor R7 and a capacitor C5 connected to ground, wherein the common connection point between the resistor R7 and the capacitor C5 with the inverting input the comparator 10 is connected. The resistor R7 and the capacitor C5 form the second low-pass filter TP2, its output as a reference voltage for the inverting Input of the comparator 10 is used. At the output of the comparator 10 then appear in connection with FIG. 2 explained Switching pulses.

    Am Widerstand R5 fällt eine Spannung ab, die antiproportional zur Stromaufnahme des Meissner-Oszillators ist. Der Kondensator C3 glättet diese Spannung und bildet zusammen mit R5 einen Tiefpaß TP1, so daß die Oszillatorfrequenz nicht in die Messung einfließt. Die Grenzfrequenz dieses Tiefpasses TP1 liegt beispielsweise bei 100 Hz. Der Kondensator C4 und der Widerstand R6 bilden einen Hochpaß HP, dessen gefiltertes Ausgangssignal am nicht-invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 sowie am Eingang des zweiten Tiefpasses R7 und C5 (TP2) liegt. Die Grenzfrequenz des Hochpasses HP liegt beispielsweise bei 10 Hz und die des zweiten Tiefpasses TP2 bei 1 Hz. Das Ausgangssignal des zweiten Tiefpasses TP2 dient als Referenzspannung am invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10. Die Oszillatorfrequenz liegt hierbei in der Größenordnung von 120 kHz. Die Spule L11 ist dabei direkter Bestandteil des Oszillators und mit der Rückkopplungsspule L12 induktiv gekoppelt. Dies bewirkt, daß die Leistungsaufnahme des Oszillators beim Schließen des Schalters geringer wird, da die Mitkopplung abnimmt, so daß die Spannung am Ausgang des ersten Tiefpasses Tp1 steigt. Der folgende Hochpaß dient nur zur gleichstrommäßigen Trennung des Signals, damit nur der Wechselanteil am Komparator ausgewertet wird. Der erste Tiefpaß dient somit im wesentlichen zur Unterdrückung der Oszillatorfrequenz, der Hochpaß zur Unterdrückung des Gleichstromanteiles und der zweite Tiefpaß zur automatischen langzeitstabilen Erzeugung eines Referenzwertes.At the resistor R5 a voltage drops, which is antiproportional to the current consumption of the Meissner oscillator. The capacitor C3 smooths this tension and forms together with R5 a low pass TP1, so that the oscillator frequency is not into the measurement. The cutoff frequency of this low pass For example, TP1 is 100 Hz. The capacitor C4 and the resistor R6 form a high-pass HP whose filtered Output signal at the non-inverting input of the Comparator 10 and at the entrance of the second low pass R7 and C5 (TP2). The cutoff frequency of the high pass For example, HP is 10 Hz and that of the second low pass TP2 at 1 Hz. The output signal of the second low-pass filter TP2 serves as a reference voltage at the inverting input of the comparator 10. The oscillator frequency is in this case in the order of 120 kHz. The coil L11 is included direct component of the oscillator and with the feedback coil L12 inductively coupled. This causes the Power consumption of the oscillator when closing the switch becomes smaller, since the positive feedback decreases, so that the voltage at the output of the first low-pass filter Tp1 increases. The following high-pass filter is only for direct current separation of the signal, so that only the alternating component at the comparator is evaluated. The first low-pass filter thus essentially serves for suppressing the oscillator frequency, the high-pass filter for suppressing the DC component and the second Low-pass filter for automatic long-term stable generation of a Reference value.

    Wenn einer der Magneten M1...Mn (Fig. 1) in die Nähe des zugeordneten Reed-Schalters K1...Kn kommt, so wird dieser eingeschaltet und schließt die beiden Teilspulen L21 und L22, die in Reihe geschaltet sind und die Sekundärspule L2 bilden, kurz. Damit sinkt die Stromaufnahme des Oszillators und die Spannung am nicht-invertierenden Eingang des Komparators 10 steigt über den Wert am invertierenden Eingang, so daß der Komparator 10 durchschaltet und an seinem Ausgang einen hohen Pegel ausgibt. Durch die Aufteilung der beiden Spulen L1 und L2 in räumlich getrennte Teilspulen kann die Energieeinspeisung zum Wascheinsatz und die Informationsrückführung verbessert werden. Ein Teilspulenpaar, z.B. L11/L21, dient zur Übertragung von Energie auf den Wascheinsatz und das zweite Teilspulenpaar, z.B. L12/L22, zur Rückübertragung der Information, ob ein Schalter geschlossen ist oder nicht.If one of the magnets M1... Mn (FIG. 1) is in the vicinity of assigned reed switch K1 ... Kn comes, so does this switched on and closes the two sub-coils L21 and L22 connected in series and the secondary coil Form L2, in short. This reduces the current consumption of the oscillator and the voltage at the non-inverting input of the Comparator 10 rises above the value at the inverting input, so that the comparator 10 turns on and on his Output outputs a high level. By the division of the two coils L1 and L2 in spatially separated sub-coils can the energy feed to the wash and the information feedback be improved. A partial coil pair, e.g. L11 / L21, is used to transfer energy to the Wash insert and the second sub-coil pair, e.g. L12 / L22, for retransmitting the information as to whether a switch is closed is or not.

    Claims (12)

    Reinigungsmaschine mit einem Waschraum und mindestens einem in dem Waschraum angeordneten Sensor zur Erfassung einer physikalischen Größe und mit einer Empfangseinrichtung, die mit einer außerhalb des Waschraumes angeordneten Auswerteschaltung verbunden ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sensor (K1...Kn; M1...Mn) an einem in den Waschraum der Reinigungsmaschine einsetzbaren Wascheinsatz (1) angebracht ist,
    daß der Sensor ein stromversorgungsfrei arbeitender Schalter (K1...Kn) ist,
    daß der Schalter (K1...Kn) mit einer ebenfalls an dem Wascheinsatz (1) angebrachten Sekundärspule (L2) verbunden ist,
    daß die Sekundärspule (L2) elektromagnetisch mit einer Primärspule (L1) gekoppelt ist,
    daß die Primärspule (L1) mit einem Oszillator (4) verbunden ist, der in Abhängigkeit von der elektrischen Eigenschaft der Sekundärspule (L2) mindestens einen seiner Parameter verändert, und
    daß die Auswerteeinrichtung (R5, Tp1, Tp2, 10) aufgrund dieses geänderten Parameters die physikalische Größe ermittelt.    Cleaning machine with a washroom and at least one arranged in the washroom sensor for detecting a physical quantity and with a receiving device which is connected to an arranged outside the washroom evaluation circuit,
    characterized in that the sensor (K1 ... Kn; M1 ... Mn) is attached to a wash insert (1) which can be inserted into the washing room of the cleaning machine,
    that the sensor is a switch operating without power supply (K1 ... Kn),
    that the switch (K1 ... Kn) with an attached also to the washing insert (1) secondary coil (L2) is connected,
    that the secondary coil (L2) is electromagnetically coupled with a primary coil (L1),
    that the primary coil (L1) is connected to an oscillator (4) which changes at least one of its parameters depending on the electrical characteristic of the secondary coil (L2), and
    that the evaluation device (R5, Tp1, Tp2, 10) is changed due to this parameter determines the physical quantity.         Reinigungsmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die physikalische Größe die Bewegung eines an dem Wascheinsatz (1) angebrachten Aggregates (D1...Dn) ist und der Sensor einen an dem Aggregat (D1...Dn) angebrachten Magneten (M1...Mn) und den von dem Magneten betätigbaren Schalter (K1...Kn) aufweist, der parallel zur Sekundärspule (L2) geschaltet ist.Cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the physical quantity is the movement of an aggregate (D1 ... Dn) attached to the washing insert (1) and the sensor comprises a magnet (M1... Dn) attached to the unit (D1 ... Dn). ..Mn) and the magnet actuated by the switch (K1 ... Kn), which is connected in parallel to the secondary coil (L2). Reinigungsmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter ein Reed-Kontakt (K1...Kn) ist.Cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the switch is a reed contact (K1 ... Kn). Reinigungsmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reed-Kontakt (K1...Kn) beim Passieren des zugeordneten Magneten kurzzeitig schließt.Cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the reed contact (K1 ... Kn) momentarily closes when passing the associated magnet. Reinigungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sekundärspule (L2) durch einen Kondensator (C1, C2) auf Resonanz mit der Frequenz des Oszillators (4) abgestimmt ist.Cleaning machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the secondary coil (L2) by a capacitor (C1, C2) is tuned to resonance with the frequency of the oscillator (4). Reinigungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der von der Auswerteeinrichtung ausgewertete Parameter des Oszillators (4) dessen Frequenz, Leistungsaufnahme, Strom oder Spannung ist.Cleaning machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the parameter of the oscillator (4) evaluated by the evaluation device is its frequency, power consumption, current or voltage. Reinigungsmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspule (L1) über einen Widerstand (R5) mit Versorgungsspannung verbunden ist,
    daß die Primärspule (L1) über ein erstes Tiefpaßfilter (Tp1) mit einem nichtinvertierenden Eingang eines Komparators (10) verbunden ist und
    daß der Ausgang des ersten Tiefpaßfilters (Tp1) über ein zweites Tiefpaßfilter (Tp2) mit einem invertierenden Eingang des Komparators (10) verbunden ist.    Cleaning machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the primary coil (L1) is connected to the supply voltage via a resistor (R5),
    that the primary coil (L1) is connected via a first low-pass filter (Tp1) to a noninverting input of a comparator (10) and
    in that the output of the first low-pass filter (Tp1) is connected via a second low-pass filter (Tp2) to an inverting input of the comparator (10).         Reinigungsmaschine nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgang des Komparators (10) mit einer Recheneinrichtung (5, 6, 7) verbunden ist,
    daß an dem Wascheinsatz eine Codierung (2) und im Naßbereich der Reinigungsmaschine eine Leseeinrichtung (3) für das Lesen der Codierung angeordnet ist, wobei diese Leseeinheit (3) mit der Recheneinheit verbunden ist, die in Abhängigkeit von der Codierung des Wascheinsatzes Grenzwerte für Drehzahlen des Dreharmes festlegt.    Cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the output of the comparator (10) is connected to a computing device (5, 6, 7),
    in that a coding (2) is arranged on the washing insert and a reading device (3) for reading the coding in the wet region of the cleaning machine, this reading unit (3) being connected to the arithmetic unit which sets limit values for rotational speeds as a function of the coding of the washing insert of the rotary arm.         Reinigungsmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aggregat ein Dreharm (D1...Dn) ist, der durch austretende Flüssigkeit in Drehbewegung gesetzt wird.Cleaning machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the unit is a rotary arm (D1 ... Dn), which is set by the exiting liquid in rotary motion. Reinigungsmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aggregat eine rotierende Trommel zur Reinigung von schlauchförmigen Gegenständen ist.Cleaning machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the unit is a rotating drum for cleaning tubular objects. Reinigungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Wascheinsatz mehrere Aggregate (D1...Dn) angeordnet sind,
    daß jedem Aggregat (D1...Dn) ein Sensor (M1...Mn; K1...Kn) zugeordnet ist und
    daß alle Sensoren parallel zur Sekundärspule (L2) geschaltet sind.    Cleaning machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of units (D1 ... Dn) are arranged on the washing insert,
    that each unit (D1 ... Dn) is associated with a sensor (M1 ... Mn; K1 ... Kn) and
    that all sensors are connected in parallel to the secondary coil (L2).         Reinigungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspule (L1) und die Sekundärspule (L2) jeweils in zwei räumlich getrennte Teilspulen (L11, L12; L21, L22) aufgeteilt sind und jeweils paarweise (L11/L21; L12/L22) elektromagnetisch miteinander gekoppelt sind.Cleaning machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the primary coil (L1) and the secondary coil (L2) are each divided into two spatially separated partial coils (L11, L12; L21, L22) and in pairs (L11 / L21; L12 / L22) are electromagnetically coupled together.
    EP04020105A 2003-10-10 2004-08-25 Washing or rinsing machine with electronic control system Not-in-force EP1522251B1 (en)

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    DE10347835A1 (en) 2005-05-12
    DE10347835B4 (en) 2006-02-09
    EP1522251B1 (en) 2010-12-29
    ATE493058T1 (en) 2011-01-15
    EP1522251A3 (en) 2009-05-13
    DE502004012048D1 (en) 2011-02-10

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