EP1521699A1 - Hydraulic vehicle braking system - Google Patents

Hydraulic vehicle braking system

Info

Publication number
EP1521699A1
EP1521699A1 EP03740417A EP03740417A EP1521699A1 EP 1521699 A1 EP1521699 A1 EP 1521699A1 EP 03740417 A EP03740417 A EP 03740417A EP 03740417 A EP03740417 A EP 03740417A EP 1521699 A1 EP1521699 A1 EP 1521699A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
pressure
brake
line
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03740417A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erhard Beck
Jürgen WOYWOD
Ralph Gronau
Dieter Burkhard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10244375A external-priority patent/DE10244375B4/en
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP1521699A1 publication Critical patent/EP1521699A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/44—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems
    • B60T8/441—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems using hydraulic boosters
    • B60T8/442—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems using hydraulic boosters the booster being a fluid return pump, e.g. in combination with a brake pedal force booster
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/142—Systems with master cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/142—Systems with master cylinder
    • B60T13/143—Master cylinder mechanically coupled with booster
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B60T8/3615—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
    • B60T8/3655—Continuously controlled electromagnetic valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/404—Control of the pump unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/44—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems
    • B60T8/441—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems using hydraulic boosters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
    • B60T8/4863—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
    • B60T8/4872—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic vehicle brake system, with a brake pressure sensor which can be actuated by a brake actuation device and which can be connected to a wheel brake of the vehicle via a hydraulic line.
  • BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE support can lead to disadvantages in the comfort area. In some situations there is a pedal sensation which deviates negatively from a "usual" vacuum brake booster support. These systems increase the operating point of a vacuum brake booster without replacing it. Inadequate vacuum supply or dimensioning of the vacuum brake booster can be compensated for with the described disadvantages ,
  • Known hydraulic brake boosters are expensive, complicated and require additional components in order to be able to actively build up pressure due to the high construction costs of the booster. This applies particularly to brake-by-wire systems such as electro-hydraulic brake systems (EMS).
  • EMS electro-hydraulic brake systems
  • the known systems also require additional components in order to be able to actively build up pressure, or in principle they are constructed in a very complex manner.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive brake system, the components of which enable safe and comfortable hydraulic brake force assistance.
  • the brake pressure sensor essentially consists of a master brake cylinder and an upstream hydraulic booster, which is connected to a pressure medium reservoir via a line in which a first analogue or an analogized valve is arranged and which has a reinforcement chamber which is arranged essentially coaxially to the master brake cylinder and a booster piston arranged therein, which is operatively connected to a master brake cylinder piston in the direction of force output via an actuating element and which, for the purpose of increasing the brake force, can be acted upon by a hydraulic pressure from an external pressure source, which is supplied with the hydraulic pressure
  • the amplifier is connected via a line in which a second analog or analog valve is arranged.
  • An analog or analog valve can take all positions between OPEN and CLOSE by means of an electrical or electronic external control, so that the brake pressure for control or comfort braking can be increased or decreased continuously.
  • the analog or analogized valve is preferably set with a current value.
  • the master brake cylinder is preferably of two circuits and, in particular, is designed as a tandem master cylinder (THZ) and the pressure medium reservoir is designed to be depressurized.
  • TTZ tandem master cylinder
  • the external pressure source has a motor-pump unit and a hydraulic high-pressure accumulator on.
  • a hydraulic return pump or a return motor pump unit that is already present in a braking system is preferably used.
  • an electronic control and regulating unit is provided, by means of which the analog or analogized valves are regulated or controlled, in order to apply a specific hydraulic pressure to the booster piston of the hydraulic booster.
  • the master brake cylinder is connected to the wheel brakes of the vehicle via a brake line, into which a separating valve is inserted, and via subsequent brake line parts, into each of which an inlet valve is arranged.
  • the wheel brakes of the vehicle are connected to the skin brake cylinder via a return line, in which outlet valves, a low-pressure accumulator and a changeover valve are arranged.
  • the pump is connected on the input side to the return line and on the output side can be connected to the wheel brakes of the vehicle or to the high-pressure accumulator via a branching point and that a check valve and a damper chamber are arranged between the pressure side of the pump and the branching point. It is provided according to the invention that the pump is connected from the branching point to the high-pressure accumulator via a line into which a first controllable valve is arranged, and that the pump is connected from the branching point to the brake line parts via a line into which a Another controllable valve is arranged.
  • controllable valves are regulated or controlled by means of the electronic control unit for the purpose of regulating a hydraulic brake pressure or pressure build-up in the high-pressure accumulator.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment is described in more detail below with reference to drawings (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • Fig.l a brake pressure sensor for the brake system according to the invention
  • the brake pressure transmitter has a hydraulic amplifier (7) which is designed as an extension of the actuating unit (THZ) 11 with container 13.
  • the booster piston 41 is guided in an booster housing, a push rod 42 of the booster piston 41 being supported in the piston 51 of the push rod circuit of the THZ 11 or by a corresponding disk-like enlargement 52 of the Diameter is guided in the THZ bore 53.
  • the amplifier housing 40 can be designed as a component with the THZ housing 40, but can also be flanged to the THZ 11 as a separate component.
  • a vent hole 44 (or for ventilation) is provided.
  • the travel of the booster piston 41 corresponds to the added stroke of both circuits (floating circuit SF and push rod circuit DK) of the THZ 11.
  • This emergency actuation corresponds to the emergency actuation of a vacuum brake booster.
  • booster piston 41 and THZ area in conjunction with the pressure provided by a high pressure source, results in the THZ pressure to be achieved with reinforcement.
  • a hydraulic high-pressure accumulator is preferably used as the high-pressure source.
  • a high-pressure gas storage with a volume of 200 to 300 cm 3 and a gas filling pressure of approx. 10 to 15 bar at 20 ° C is used.
  • the high-pressure accumulator is preferably supplied by a hydraulic pump with pressurized brake fluid, ie “charged”.
  • the accumulator is loaded after braking, for example when the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator is less than 40 to 50 bar, which corresponds to a brake pressure (actuation pressure ) from 80 to 90 bar, until an upper limit for the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator from 50 to 70 bar, corresponding to a modulation pressure of 100 to 110 bar, the pump takes about 2 to 3.5 seconds to charge If the hydraulic accumulator is completely emptied by repeated braking, for example a number of approx. 15 braking, the pump needs approx. 30 to 40 seconds to refill the hydraulic accumulator up to a hydraulic pressure of 50 to 70 bar. With this design, an adequate supply of the hydraulic brake booster and thus support for the driver's foot power can be achieved Auxiliary energy can be guaranteed.
  • the structure and function of the second brake circuit for the two other wheel brakes is identical to the brake circuit shown and therefore need not be described in more detail.
  • the brake circuits are acted upon by a master cylinder (THZ) 11, which is supplied with hydraulic fluid via a hydraulic reservoir 13.
  • the master cylinder 11 is actuated via the hydraulic brake booster 7 described above.
  • the pressure requested by the respective control or regulation of an electronic unit 28 is generated via the hydraulic amplifier 7 and the master cylinder 11.
  • the wheel brakes 30, 31 are supplied with pressure by normally open (SO) valves 15.1 and 15.2 directly from the THZ 11 via a line 14, an SO isolating valve 9 and subsequent lines 14.1 and 14.2, the THZ 11 via the hydraulic amplifier 7 is actuated, which can be acted upon by a pressure source 4, 19, 20 with hydraulic pressure.
  • SO normally open
  • Brake pressure is reduced via a return line 17 and normally closed (SG) valves 16.1 and 16.2, one Low pressure accumulator 18 and a SG switch valve 8 made.
  • SG normally closed
  • the charging of a high-pressure accumulator 4 is carried out by opening a valve 2.
  • brake fluid is drawn in by the THZ 11 via the open changeover valve 8 and by means of the pump 19 operated by the motor 20.
  • the brake fluid is pumped into the high-pressure accumulator 4 via a check valve 23 connected to the pressure side 21 of the pump 19, a damping chamber 57, a line branch 22 and a line 24 into which the valve 2 and a pressure sensor 3 are inserted.
  • the motor 20 is controlled until a predetermined target pressure is reached.
  • the pressure is measured by a pressure sensor (pressure sensor 3).
  • valve 5 When filling the high-pressure accumulator 4 (accumulator charging), the valve 5 arranged in a line 50 between the high-pressure accumulator 4 and the amplifier 7 is closed.
  • the pressure side of the pump is also connected to the wheel brakes 30, 31 via the branch 22 and an adjoining line 25, into which a valve 1 is inserted.
  • Valve 1 is preferably closed when de-energized (SG valve) and valve 2 is open when de-energized (SO valve). Then these valves are not energized during the store charging, advantageously only the changeover valve 8 then having to be energized for filling. It is also possible to design valve 1 as an SO valve and valve 2 as an SG valve, in which case the switching states must be reversed accordingly. At high control frequencies with low volume requirements in the wheel brake, all or part of the volume removed can be used to charge the high-pressure accumulator 4.
  • the charging process of the high-pressure accumulator 4 is stopped immediately. Charging processes are preferably carried out in acceleration phases without regulation).
  • the braking detection is carried out via a pedal travel sensor 60 or another sensor that detects the driver's braking request.
  • the valve 5, which is preferably to be operated analogously, is opened accordingly, depending on the travel path of the push rod 46 of the brake pedal 24 and / or the actuation speed, so that brake fluid from the charged high-pressure accumulator 4 into the space behind the booster piston 47 can flow.
  • the build-up of the pressure in the amplifier 7 is monitored by the pressure in the THZ using a pressure sensor 10. This means that a certain path is assigned and regulated to a certain pressure in the THZ.
  • the booster piston 41 moves in front of the push rod 46 of the brake pedal 26, which is increasingly penetrating into the booster chamber, without any contact being made or having to be made. It is preferably provided to provide an elastic means, in particular a spring, between the push rod 46 and the booster piston 41 in order to achieve an elastic coupling.
  • valve 5 is closed and on likewise preferably to be operated analog valve 6 in a line 12 between the high-pressure accumulator 4 and the container 13, analogously opened in accordance with the withdrawal of the driver's request, and the brake fluid can flow back into the reservoir 13.
  • the valve 6 is designed as an SO valve, it is possible to actuate the amplifier in the event of a system failure, without negative pressure being generated in the amplifier 4 (or in the amplifier chamber 47), because volume compensation takes place via the valve 6.
  • the driver only has to overcome the additional force which is generated by the pressure already set in the booster 7. This additional force is only dependent on the surface of the push rod 46 which penetrates into the amplifier 7.
  • the combination according to the invention of the hydraulic booster and the auxiliary pressure source with high-pressure accumulator 4 can be designed such that the entire required brake pressure is generated by the booster. However, this increases the required storage pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 4.
  • Another embodiment provides only to provide a reduced maximum brake pressure of the booster (modulation pressure) (similar to a vacuum brake booster). This then already covers a large range of all braking operations, for example all “normal braking operations” in a range of maximum brake pressure resulting from up to 60 to 80 bar.
  • the brake applications that have a brake pressure above this control point (approx. 60-80 bar) required area are then built up by additional pressure build-up by means of the hydraulic pump 19. This can cause the THZ Piston condition.
  • pressure medium is fed into the booster chamber 47 via the line 50 and valve 5 and the piston 41 is thus tracked.
  • This embodiment is preferred because the installation space is further reduced.
  • Another advantage is the fact that only relatively small volume flows of brake fluid are then to be moved, which increases the system dynamics.
  • the additional hydraulic support by means of a pump 19 means that the volume of the high-pressure accumulator 4 can also be designed for a lower frequency of braking repetitions. This means that the number of possible braking operations can be reduced to z. B. 2 times 60 bar to 90 bar, preferably about 80 bar, THZ pressure. In the rare cases of a pressure request going beyond this, a corresponding brake pressure can then be generated by means of pump 19.
  • the system described is advantageously suitable for electronic brake control systems, such as ABS (anti-lock braking system), EDS (electronic differential lock, traction control), ESP (electronic stability program), or HDC (hill descent control, downhill regulation). It can also be used for systems with distance and follow-up control (ACC, Adaptive Cruise Control), since the THZ automatically balances the pressure in the circuits.
  • ABS anti-lock braking system
  • EDS electronic differential lock, traction control
  • ESP electronic stability program
  • HDC hill descent control, downhill regulation
  • ACC Adaptive Cruise Control

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic braking system, comprising a braking pressure sensor (167) which can be actuated by a braking actuation device, especially a brake pedal (26), and which can be connected to a wheel brake (30,31) of the vehicle by a hydraulic line (14). According to the invention, the brake pressure sensor essentially consists of a master brake cylinder (11) and an upstream hydraulic booster (7) which is connected to a pressure medium reservoir (13) by means of a line (12) wherein a first analogous or analogized valve (6) is arranged and which comprises a booster chamber (47) which is arranged in a substantially coaxial manner with respect to the master brake cylinder in addition to a booster piston (41) which is arranged therein and which is actively connected to a master brake cylinder piston in the direction of outgoing power via an actuation element (42) and which can be impinged upon with hydraulic pressure from an external pressure source (4, 19, 20) in order to boost braking force, said pressure source being connected to the hydraulic booster (7) by means of a line wherein a second analogous or anologized valve (5) is arranged.

Description

Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanläge Hydraulic vehicle brake systems
Die Erfindung betrifft eine hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage, mit einem von einer Bremsbetätigungseinrichtung betätigbaren Bremsdruckgeber, der über eine hydraulische Leitung mit einer Radbremse des Fahrzeugs verbindbar ist.The invention relates to a hydraulic vehicle brake system, with a brake pressure sensor which can be actuated by a brake actuation device and which can be connected to a wheel brake of the vehicle via a hydraulic line.
Im Zuge neuer Motorentechnik, wie z.B. Diesel, oder Benzin- Direkteinspritzer, ist eine hinreichende Unterdruckversorgung zur Bremskraftunterstützung immer seltener gegeben. Dies erfordert Bremsanlagen mit einer aktiven hydraulischen BremskraftunterStützung oder mit einer zusätzlichen Vakuumpumpe zum Betrieb eines Vakuumbremskraftverstärkers .In the course of new engine technology, such as Diesel, or gasoline direct injection, is increasingly less a sufficient vacuum supply for braking power support. This requires brake systems with active hydraulic brake power assistance or with an additional vacuum pump to operate a vacuum brake booster.
Beim Vakuumbremskraftverstärker ist grundsätzlich sein relativ großes Bauvolumen nachteilig. Probleme treten auch beim Packaging auf, das sein Einbauort nur schwer zu variieren ist. Des weiteren besteht die Forderung, Systeme vom Bauaufwand zu vereinfachen ohne deren Funktionalität wesentlich einzuschränken.With the vacuum brake booster, its relatively large construction volume is fundamentally disadvantageous. Problems also arise with packaging, since its installation location is difficult to vary. Furthermore, there is a requirement to simplify systems in terms of construction expenditure without significantly restricting their functionality.
Systeme mit aktiver hydraulischer Bremskraftunterstützung, die den Fahrer mittels einer ansteuerbaren Hydraulikpumpe, z.B. der ABS-Rückförderpumpe, bei der Bremspedal-BetätigungSystems with active hydraulic brake power assistance, which the driver uses a controllable hydraulic pump, e.g. the ABS return pump when the brake pedal is actuated
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE unterstützen, können im Komfortbereich zu Nachteilen führen. In manchen Situationen stellt sich ein Pedalgefühl ein, welches negativ von einer „gewohnten" Vakuumbremskraftverstärker-Unterstützung abweicht. Diese Systeme erhöhen den Aussteuerpunkt eines Vakuumbremskraftverstärker, ohne ihn zu ersetzen. Eine unzureichende Unterdruckversorgung oder Dimensionierung des Vakuumbremskraftverstärkers kann -mit den beschriebenen Nachteilen- kompensiert werden.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE support can lead to disadvantages in the comfort area. In some situations there is a pedal sensation which deviates negatively from a "usual" vacuum brake booster support. These systems increase the operating point of a vacuum brake booster without replacing it. Inadequate vacuum supply or dimensioning of the vacuum brake booster can be compensated for with the described disadvantages ,
Bekannte hydraulische Bremskraftverstärker sind durch den hohen Bauaufwand des Verstärkers teuer, kompliziert und erfordern zusätzliche Komponenten, um aktiv Druck aufbauen zu können. Dies gilt im besonderen Maß für Brake-by-wire- Systeme, wie elektrohydraulische Bremsanlagen (EHB) .Known hydraulic brake boosters are expensive, complicated and require additional components in order to be able to actively build up pressure due to the high construction costs of the booster. This applies particularly to brake-by-wire systems such as electro-hydraulic brake systems (EMS).
Die bekannten Systeme erfordern darüber hinaus zusätzliche Komponenten, um aktiv Druck aufbauen zu können bzw. sie sind im Grundsatz sehr aufwändig aufgebaut.The known systems also require additional components in order to be able to actively build up pressure, or in principle they are constructed in a very complex manner.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache und kostengünstige Bremsanlage zu schaffen, deren Komponenten eine sichere und komfortable hydraulische BremskraftunterStützung ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive brake system, the components of which enable safe and comfortable hydraulic brake force assistance.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred configurations are specified in the subclaims.
Nach der Erfindung ist es bei einer hydraulischen Fahrzeugbremsanlage, mit einem von einer Bremsbetätigungseinrichtung, insbesondere ein Bremspedal, betätigbaren Bremsdruckgeber, der über eine hydraulische Leitung mit einer Radbremse des Fahrzeugs verbindbar ist, demnach vorgesehen, dass der Bremsdruckgeber im wesentlichen aus einem Hauptbremszylinder und einem vorgeschalteten hydraulischen Verstärker besteht, der mit einem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter verbunden ist über eine Leitung, in der ein erstes analoges bzw. analogisiertes Ventil angeordnet ist und der eine im wesentlichen koaxial zum Hauptbremszylinder angeordnete Verstärkungskammer und einen darin angeordneten Verstärkerkolben aufweist, der in Kraftabgaberichtung über ein Betätigungselement mit einem Hauptbremszylinderkolben wirkverbunden ist und der zwecks Bremskraftverstarkung mit einem hydraulischen Druck einer Fremddruckquelle beaufschlagbar ist, die mit dem hydraulischen Verstärker verbunden ist über eine Leitung, in der ein zweites analoges bzw. analogisiertes Ventil angeordnet ist.According to the invention, it is in a hydraulic vehicle brake system with one of a brake actuation device, in particular a brake pedal, Actuatable brake pressure sensor, which can be connected to a wheel brake of the vehicle via a hydraulic line, accordingly it is provided that the brake pressure sensor essentially consists of a master brake cylinder and an upstream hydraulic booster, which is connected to a pressure medium reservoir via a line in which a first analogue or an analogized valve is arranged and which has a reinforcement chamber which is arranged essentially coaxially to the master brake cylinder and a booster piston arranged therein, which is operatively connected to a master brake cylinder piston in the direction of force output via an actuating element and which, for the purpose of increasing the brake force, can be acted upon by a hydraulic pressure from an external pressure source, which is supplied with the hydraulic pressure The amplifier is connected via a line in which a second analog or analog valve is arranged.
Ein analoges bzw. analogisiertes Ventil kann mittels einer elektrischen bzw. elektronischen Fremdansteuerung alle Stellungen zwischen AUF und ZU einnehmen, so dass der Bremsdruck für Regel- oder Komfortbremsungen stufenlos erhöht oder vermindert werden kann. Bevorzugt wird das analoge bzw. analogisierte Ventil mit einem Stromwert eingestellt.An analog or analog valve can take all positions between OPEN and CLOSE by means of an electrical or electronic external control, so that the brake pressure for control or comfort braking can be increased or decreased continuously. The analog or analogized valve is preferably set with a current value.
Die Hauptbremszylinder ist bevorzugt zweikreisig und insbesondere als Tandem-Hauptzylinder (THZ) ausgebildet und der Druckmittelvorratsbehälter ist drucklos ausgebildet.The master brake cylinder is preferably of two circuits and, in particular, is designed as a tandem master cylinder (THZ) and the pressure medium reservoir is designed to be depressurized.
Erfindungsgemäß weist die Fremddruckquelle ein Motor- Pumpen-Aggregat und einen hydraulischen Hochdruckspeicher auf. Vorzugsweise wird eine schon in einem Bremssystem vorhandene hydraulische Rückförderpumpe bzw. ein Rückförder-Motor-Pumpen-Aggregat eingesetzt .According to the invention, the external pressure source has a motor-pump unit and a hydraulic high-pressure accumulator on. A hydraulic return pump or a return motor pump unit that is already present in a braking system is preferably used.
Nach der Erfindung ist eine elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit vorgesehen, mittels der die analogen bzw. analogisierten Ventile geregelt bzw. gesteuert werden, zwecks Beaufschlagung des Verstärkerkolbens des hydraulischen Verstärkers mit einem bestimmten hydraulischen Druck.According to the invention, an electronic control and regulating unit is provided, by means of which the analog or analogized valves are regulated or controlled, in order to apply a specific hydraulic pressure to the booster piston of the hydraulic booster.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Hauptbremszylinder mit den Radbremsen des Fahrzeugs verbunden ist über eine Bremsleitung, in die ein Trennventil eingefügt ist, und über anschließende Bremsleitungsteile, in die jeweils ein Einlassventil angeordnet ist.It is provided according to the invention that the master brake cylinder is connected to the wheel brakes of the vehicle via a brake line, into which a separating valve is inserted, and via subsequent brake line parts, into each of which an inlet valve is arranged.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die Radbremsen des Fahrzeugs mit dem Hautbremszylinder verbunden über eine Rücklaufleitung, in welche Auslassventile, ein Niederdruckspeicher und ein Umschaltventil angeordnet ist.According to the invention, the wheel brakes of the vehicle are connected to the skin brake cylinder via a return line, in which outlet valves, a low-pressure accumulator and a changeover valve are arranged.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Pumpe eingangsseitig mit der Rücklaufleitung verbunden ist und ausgangsseitig über eine Verzweigungsstelle mit den Radbremsen des Fahrzeugs oder mit dem Hochdruckspeicher verbindbar ist und dass zwischen der Druckseite der Pumpe und der Verzweigungsstelle ein Rückschlagventil und eine Dämpferkammer angeordnet sind. Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass von der Verzweigungsstelle die Pumpe mit dem Hochdruckspeicher über eine Leitung verbunden ist, in die ein erstes ansteuerbares Ventil angeordnet ist, und dass von der Verzweigungsstelle die Pumpe mit den Bremsleitungsteilen verbunden ist über eine Leitung, in die ein weiteres ansteuerbares Ventil angeordnet ist.It is provided according to the invention that the pump is connected on the input side to the return line and on the output side can be connected to the wheel brakes of the vehicle or to the high-pressure accumulator via a branching point and that a check valve and a damper chamber are arranged between the pressure side of the pump and the branching point. It is provided according to the invention that the pump is connected from the branching point to the high-pressure accumulator via a line into which a first controllable valve is arranged, and that the pump is connected from the branching point to the brake line parts via a line into which a Another controllable valve is arranged.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass mittels der elektronischen Steuer- und Regeleinheit die ansteuerbaren Ventile geregelt bzw. gesteuert werden, zwecks Regelung eines hydraulischen Bremsdrucks oder Druckaufbaus in dem Hochdruckspeicher.It is provided according to the invention that the controllable valves are regulated or controlled by means of the electronic control unit for the purpose of regulating a hydraulic brake pressure or pressure build-up in the high-pressure accumulator.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel anhand von Zeichnungen (Fig.l und 2) beispielhaft näher beschrieben.An exemplary embodiment is described in more detail below with reference to drawings (FIGS. 1 and 2).
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig.l einen Bremsdruckgeber für das erfindungsgemäße BremssystemFig.l a brake pressure sensor for the brake system according to the invention
Fig.2 ein Bremssystem nach der Erfindung2 shows a braking system according to the invention
Nach Fig.l weist der Bremsdruckgeber einen hydraulischen Verstärker (7) auf, der als eine Verlängerung der Betätigungseinheit (THZ) 11 mit Behälter 13 ausgebildet ist. Der Verstärkerkolben 41 wird in einem Verstärkergehäuse geführt, wobei sich eine Druckstange 42 des Verstärkerkolbens 41 im Kolben 51 des Druckstangenkreises des THZ 11 abstützt bzw. durch eine entsprechende scheibenartige Vergrößerung 52 des Durchmessers in der THZ-Bohrung 53 geführt wird. Das Verstärkergehäuse 40 kann als ein Bauteil mit dem THZ- Gehäuse 40 ausgeführt werden, aber auch als ein separates Bauteil an den THZ 11 angeflanscht werden. Nach der Montage des Verstärkerkolbens 41 mit Druckstange 42, oder nach der Montage der THZ-Kolben 51,54 und des Verstärkerkolbens 41 wird das Verstärkergehäuse 40 geeignet verschlossen. Hinter dem in Ruhelage befindlichen Verstärkerkolben 41 ist ein Hydraulikanschluss 43 vorgesehen, der eine Regelleitung 50 aufnimmt und in einen Raum, der hinter dem VerstärkerkolbenAccording to Fig.l, the brake pressure transmitter has a hydraulic amplifier (7) which is designed as an extension of the actuating unit (THZ) 11 with container 13. The booster piston 41 is guided in an booster housing, a push rod 42 of the booster piston 41 being supported in the piston 51 of the push rod circuit of the THZ 11 or by a corresponding disk-like enlargement 52 of the Diameter is guided in the THZ bore 53. The amplifier housing 40 can be designed as a component with the THZ housing 40, but can also be flanged to the THZ 11 as a separate component. After the assembly of the booster piston 41 with the push rod 42, or after the assembly of the THZ pistons 51, 54 and the booster piston 41, the booster housing 40 is suitably closed. A hydraulic connection 43 is provided behind the booster piston 41, which is in the rest position, which receives a control line 50 and into a space, which is behind the booster piston
41 liegenden Raum 47 mündet. Auf der Seite der Druckstange41 lying room 47 opens out. On the side of the push rod
42 ist eine Entlüftungsbohrung 44 (bzw. zur Belüftung) vorgesehen. Der Verfahrweg des Verstärkerkolbens 41 entspricht dem addierten Hub beider Kreise (Schwimmkreis SF und Druckstangenkreis DK) des THZ 11. Auf der Rückseite des Verstärkers 7 (Verschlussseite) ist eine Öffnung 45 vorgesehen, durch die die Druckstange 46 des Bremspedals 26 in den Verstärker 7 eindringt. Durch diese Konstruktion ist eine Notbetätigung des THZ 11 möglich, wenn der Verstärker42 a vent hole 44 (or for ventilation) is provided. The travel of the booster piston 41 corresponds to the added stroke of both circuits (floating circuit SF and push rod circuit DK) of the THZ 11. On the back of the booster 7 (locking side) there is an opening 45 through which the push rod 46 of the brake pedal 26 penetrates into the booster 7 , This construction enables the THZ 11 to be operated when the amplifier is activated
7 ausfallen sollte. Diese Notbetätigung entspricht der Notbetätigung eines Vakuum-Bremskraftverstärkers .7 should fail. This emergency actuation corresponds to the emergency actuation of a vacuum brake booster.
Das Flächenverhältnis von Verstärkerkolben 41 und THZ- Fläche, ergibt in Verbindung mit der von einer Hochdruckquelle zur Verfügung gestellten Druck, den mit Verstärkung zu erreichenden THZ-Druck.The area ratio of booster piston 41 and THZ area, in conjunction with the pressure provided by a high pressure source, results in the THZ pressure to be achieved with reinforcement.
(Averstärker/AτHz ) *P HDS = PTHZ, verstärkt(Amplifier / AτHz) * P HDS = PTHZ, amplified
mit : Averstär er : Fläche des Verstärkerkolbens ATHZ : Fläche des THZ-Kolbenswith: Averstär e r: surface of the booster piston THZ A: surface of the piston-THZ
PHDΞ -" Druck des Hochdruckspeichers PTHZ, erstärkt: THZ-Druck der mit der Verstärkung erreicht werden kannP HDΞ - "pressure of the high pressure accumulator P THZ, e r t stä rk: TMC pressure can be achieved by the gain
Es ist also vorgesehen, den von einer Steuerung bzw. Regelung angeforderten Druck durch die Flächenverhältnisse oder den Druck des Hochdruckspeichers zu variieren.It is therefore intended to vary the pressure requested by a control or regulation by the area ratios or the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator.
Vorzugsweise wird als Hochdruckquelle ein hydraulischer Hochdruckspeicher eingesetzt. Beispielsweise wird ein Hochdruck-Gasspeicher mit einem Volumen von 200 bis 300 cm3 und einem Gasfülldruck von ca. 10 bis 15 bar bei 20 °C verwendet. Der Hochdruckspeicher wird vorzugsweise durch eine hydraulische Pumpe mit unter Druck stehender Bremsflüssigkeit versorgt, d.h. „geladen". Das Laden des Speichers nach einer Bremsung erfolgt zum Beispiel bei Erreichen eines hydraulischen Drucks in dem Speicher von kleiner 40 bis 50 bar, was einem Bremsdruck (Aussteuerdruck) von 80 bis 90 bar entspricht. Bis zum Erreichen eines oberen Grenzwerts für den hydraulischen Druck im Speicher von 50 bis 70 bar, entsprechend einem Aussteuerdruck von 100 bis 110 bar, wird eine Ladezeit durch die Pumpe von ca. 2 bis 3,5 sec. benötigt. Wird durch mehrmalige Bremsungen, z.B. einer Anzahl von ca. 15 Bremsungen, der hydraulische Speicher vollständig entleert, dann benötigt die Pumpe ca. 30 bis 40 sec. zum Neubefüllen des hydraulischen Speichers bis auf einen hydraulischen Druck von 50 bis 70 bar. Durch diese Auslegung kann eine hinreichende Versorgung des hydraulischen Bremskraftverstärkers und damit eine Unterstützung der Fahrerfußkraft durch Hilfsenergie gewährleistet werden. Ein an die Betätigungseinheit 11 angeschlossener Bremskreis (von insgesamt zwei Bremskreisen) , der auf zwei Radbremsen 30,31 einwirkt, ist in Fig.l dargestellt. Der zweite Bremskreis für die beiden anderen Radbremsen ist in Aufbau und Funktion mit dem gezeigten Bremskreis identisch und muss daher nicht näher beschrieben werden.A hydraulic high-pressure accumulator is preferably used as the high-pressure source. For example, a high-pressure gas storage with a volume of 200 to 300 cm 3 and a gas filling pressure of approx. 10 to 15 bar at 20 ° C is used. The high-pressure accumulator is preferably supplied by a hydraulic pump with pressurized brake fluid, ie “charged”. The accumulator is loaded after braking, for example when the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator is less than 40 to 50 bar, which corresponds to a brake pressure (actuation pressure ) from 80 to 90 bar, until an upper limit for the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator from 50 to 70 bar, corresponding to a modulation pressure of 100 to 110 bar, the pump takes about 2 to 3.5 seconds to charge If the hydraulic accumulator is completely emptied by repeated braking, for example a number of approx. 15 braking, the pump needs approx. 30 to 40 seconds to refill the hydraulic accumulator up to a hydraulic pressure of 50 to 70 bar. With this design, an adequate supply of the hydraulic brake booster and thus support for the driver's foot power can be achieved Auxiliary energy can be guaranteed. A brake circuit connected to the actuation unit 11 (of a total of two brake circuits), which acts on two wheel brakes 30, 31, is shown in FIG. 1. The structure and function of the second brake circuit for the two other wheel brakes is identical to the brake circuit shown and therefore need not be described in more detail.
Die Bremskreise werden gemäß Fig.2 von einem Hauptzylinder (THZ) 11 beaufschlagt, der über einen Hydraulikvorrat eines Behälters 13 mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit versorgt wird. Der Hauptzylinder 11 wird über den vorstehend beschriebenen hydraulischen Bremskraftverstärker 7 betätigt . Der von der jeweiligen Steuerung bzw. Regelung einer elektronischen Einheit 28 angeforderte Druck wird über den hydraulischen Verstärker 7 und den Hauptzylinder 11 erzeugt.According to FIG. 2, the brake circuits are acted upon by a master cylinder (THZ) 11, which is supplied with hydraulic fluid via a hydraulic reservoir 13. The master cylinder 11 is actuated via the hydraulic brake booster 7 described above. The pressure requested by the respective control or regulation of an electronic unit 28 is generated via the hydraulic amplifier 7 and the master cylinder 11.
Durch ein Betätigungselement (Druckstange, 46) kann der Fahrer aber im Fall einer Störung oder eines Ausfalls des hydraulischen Drucks auf den Kolben 41, diesen auch direkt, d.h. auf mechanischem Weg, betätigen. Somit gewährleistet das System eine Fail-Safe-Funktion mittels direktem hydraulisch-mechanischen Durchgriff .By means of an actuating element (push rod, 46), however, in the event of a malfunction or a failure of the hydraulic pressure on the piston 41, the driver can directly, i.e. mechanically. The system thus guarantees a fail-safe function by means of a direct hydraulic-mechanical access.
Die Radbremsen 30, 31 werden durch stromlos offene (SO) Ventile 15.1 und 15.2 direkt aus dem THZ 11 über eine Leitung 14, ein SO-Trennventil 9 und anschließende Leitungen 14.1 und 14.2 mit Druck versorgt, wobei der THZ 11 über den hydraulischen Verstärker 7 betätigt wird, der durch eine Druckquelle 4,19,20 mit hydraulischem Druck beaufschlagbar ist.The wheel brakes 30, 31 are supplied with pressure by normally open (SO) valves 15.1 and 15.2 directly from the THZ 11 via a line 14, an SO isolating valve 9 and subsequent lines 14.1 and 14.2, the THZ 11 via the hydraulic amplifier 7 is actuated, which can be acted upon by a pressure source 4, 19, 20 with hydraulic pressure.
Abbau von Bremsdruck wird über eine Rücklaufleitung 17 und stromlos geschlossene (SG) Ventile 16.1 und 16.2, einen Niederdruckspeicher 18 und ein SG-Umschaltventil 8 vorgenommen .Brake pressure is reduced via a return line 17 and normally closed (SG) valves 16.1 and 16.2, one Low pressure accumulator 18 and a SG switch valve 8 made.
In der Regel wird die Ladung eines Hochdruckspeichers 4 durch Öffnen eines Ventils 2 vollzogen. Dabei wird, wenn der Druck in dem Hochdruckspeicher unter einen vorgegebenen Sollwert, insbesondere unter 50 bar bis 70 bar, fällt, Bremsflüssigkeit vom THZ 11 über das offene Umschaltventil 8 und mittels der mit dem Motor 20 betriebenen Pumpe 19 angesaugt. Über ein an der Druckseite 21 der Pumpe 19 anschließendes Rückschlagventil 23, eine Dämpfungskämmer 57, über eine Leitungsverzweigung 22 und eine Leitung 24, in die das Ventil 2 und ein Drucksensor 3 eingefügt sind, wird die Bremsflüssigkeit in den Hochdruckspeicher 4 gepumpt. Der Motor 20 wird dabei solange angesteuert, bis ein vorgegebener Solldruck erreicht wird. Der Druck wird durch einen Druckaufnehmer (Drucksensor 3) gemessen. Beim Befüllen des Hochdruckspeichers 4 (Speicherladen) ist das in einer Leitung 50 zwischen Hochdruckspeicher 4 und Verstärker 7 angeordnete Ventil 5 geschlossen. Die Druckseite der Pumpe ist auch über die Verzeigung 22 und eine daran anschließende Leitung 25, in die ein Ventil 1 eingefügt ist, mit den Radbremsen 30,31 verbunden. Vorzugsweise ist das Ventil 1 stromlos geschlossen (SG- Ventil) und das Ventil 2 stromlos offen (SO-Ventil) . Dann sind diese Ventile während des Speicherladens nicht bestromt, wobei vorteilhaft dann nur das Umschaltventil 8 zur Befüllung bestromt werden muss. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, das Ventil 1 als SO-Ventil und das Ventil 2 als SG-Ventil auszubilden, wobei dann die Schaltzustände entsprechend umzukehren sind. Bei hohen Regelfrequenzen mit geringem Volumenbedarf in der Radbremse kann das Ganze oder Teile des abgebauten Volumens zum Laden des Hochdruckspeichers 4 genutzt werden.As a rule, the charging of a high-pressure accumulator 4 is carried out by opening a valve 2. When the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator falls below a predetermined setpoint, in particular below 50 bar to 70 bar, brake fluid is drawn in by the THZ 11 via the open changeover valve 8 and by means of the pump 19 operated by the motor 20. The brake fluid is pumped into the high-pressure accumulator 4 via a check valve 23 connected to the pressure side 21 of the pump 19, a damping chamber 57, a line branch 22 and a line 24 into which the valve 2 and a pressure sensor 3 are inserted. The motor 20 is controlled until a predetermined target pressure is reached. The pressure is measured by a pressure sensor (pressure sensor 3). When filling the high-pressure accumulator 4 (accumulator charging), the valve 5 arranged in a line 50 between the high-pressure accumulator 4 and the amplifier 7 is closed. The pressure side of the pump is also connected to the wheel brakes 30, 31 via the branch 22 and an adjoining line 25, into which a valve 1 is inserted. Valve 1 is preferably closed when de-energized (SG valve) and valve 2 is open when de-energized (SO valve). Then these valves are not energized during the store charging, advantageously only the changeover valve 8 then having to be energized for filling. It is also possible to design valve 1 as an SO valve and valve 2 as an SG valve, in which case the switching states must be reversed accordingly. At high control frequencies with low volume requirements in the wheel brake, all or part of the volume removed can be used to charge the high-pressure accumulator 4.
Wenn ein Einbremsen durch den Fahrer erkannt wird, wird der Ladevorgang des Hochdruckspeichers 4 sofort abgebrochen. Bevorzugt werden Ladevorgänge in Beschleunigungsphasen vorgenommen ohne Regelung) . Die Einbremserkennung erfolgt über einen Pedalwegsensor 60 oder eines anderen, den Bremswunsch des Fahrers erfassenden Sensors.If braking is recognized by the driver, the charging process of the high-pressure accumulator 4 is stopped immediately. Charging processes are preferably carried out in acceleration phases without regulation). The braking detection is carried out via a pedal travel sensor 60 or another sensor that detects the driver's braking request.
Wird ein Bremswunsch durch die Sensorik 60 detektiert, wird das vorzugsweise analog zu betreibende Ventil 5 in Abhängigkeit von Verfahrweg der Druckstange 46 des Bremspedals 24 und/oder der Betätigungsgeschwindigkeit entsprechend geöffnet, so dass Bremsflüssigkeit von dem geladenen Hochdruckspeicher 4 in den hinter dem Verstärkerkolben liegenden Raum 47 strömen kann. Der Aufbau des Druckes im Verstärker 7 wird hierbei über den sich einstellenden Druck im THZ mit einem Drucksensor 10 überwacht. Das heißt, ein bestimmter Weg wird einem bestimmten Druck im THZ zugeordnet und eingeregelt. Dabei fährt der Verstärkerkolben 41 vor der zunehmend in den Verstärkerraum vordringenden Druckstange 46 des Bremspedals 26 her, ohne das ein Kontakt entsteht bzw. entstehen muss. Vorzugsweise ist es vorgesehen, zwischen der Druckstange 46 und dem Verstärkerkolben 41 ein elastisches Mittel, insbesondere eine Feder vorzusehen, um eine elastische Ankopplung zu erreichen.If a braking request is detected by the sensor system 60, the valve 5, which is preferably to be operated analogously, is opened accordingly, depending on the travel path of the push rod 46 of the brake pedal 24 and / or the actuation speed, so that brake fluid from the charged high-pressure accumulator 4 into the space behind the booster piston 47 can flow. The build-up of the pressure in the amplifier 7 is monitored by the pressure in the THZ using a pressure sensor 10. This means that a certain path is assigned and regulated to a certain pressure in the THZ. Here, the booster piston 41 moves in front of the push rod 46 of the brake pedal 26, which is increasingly penetrating into the booster chamber, without any contact being made or having to be made. It is preferably provided to provide an elastic means, in particular a spring, between the push rod 46 and the booster piston 41 in order to achieve an elastic coupling.
Nimmt der Fahrer das Bremspedal zurück, d.h wird der Weg wieder kleiner, wird das Ventil 5 geschlossen und ein ebenfalls vorzugsweise analog zu betreibende Ventil 6 in einer Leitung 12 zwischen dem Hochdruckspeicher 4 und dem Behälter 13, entsprechend der Rücknahme des Fahrerwunsches analog geöffnet und die Bremsflüssigkeit kann wieder in den Vorratsbehälter 13 zurückströmen. Durch die vorzugsweise Auslegung des Ventils 6 als SO-Ventil, ist es möglich, bei einem Systemausfall den Verstärker zu betätigen, ohne dass Unterdruck im Verstärker 4 (bzw. im Verstärkerraum 47) entsteht, denn es erfolgt ein Volumenausgleich über das Ventil 6. Der Fahrer muss bei dieser Einbremserkennung nur die Zusatzkraft überwinden, die durch den schon in dem Verstärker 7 eingestellten Druck erzeugt wird. Diese Zusatzkraft ist nur abhängig von der Fläche der Druckstange 46 die in den Verstärker 7 eindringt.If the driver releases the brake pedal, ie if the distance becomes smaller again, valve 5 is closed and on likewise preferably to be operated analog valve 6 in a line 12 between the high-pressure accumulator 4 and the container 13, analogously opened in accordance with the withdrawal of the driver's request, and the brake fluid can flow back into the reservoir 13. By preferably designing the valve 6 as an SO valve, it is possible to actuate the amplifier in the event of a system failure, without negative pressure being generated in the amplifier 4 (or in the amplifier chamber 47), because volume compensation takes place via the valve 6. The With this braking detection, the driver only has to overcome the additional force which is generated by the pressure already set in the booster 7. This additional force is only dependent on the surface of the push rod 46 which penetrates into the amplifier 7.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination des hydraulischen Verstärkers und der Hilfsdruckquelle mit Hochdruckspeicher 4 kann so ausgelegt werden, dass der gesamte benötigte Bremsdruck durch den Verstärker erzeugt wird. Dies erhöht aber den benötigten Speicherdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 4.The combination according to the invention of the hydraulic booster and the auxiliary pressure source with high-pressure accumulator 4 can be designed such that the entire required brake pressure is generated by the booster. However, this increases the required storage pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 4.
Eine andere Ausführungsform sieht vor, nur einen reduzierten maximalen Bremsdruck des Verstärkers (Aussteuerdruck) zur Verfügung zu stellen (ähnlich einem Vakuum-Bremskraftverstärker) . Dieser deckt dann bereits einen großen Bereich aller Bremsungen ab, z.B. alle „Normalbremsungen" in einem Bereich von maximal bis zu 60 bis 80 bar resultierendem Bremsdruck, ab. Die Bremsungen, die einen über diesen Aussteuerpunkt liegenden Bremsdruck (ca. 60-80 bar) benötigten Bereich liegen, werden dann durch zusätzlichen Druckaufbau mittels der hydraulischen Pumpe 19 aufgebaut. Dies kann ein „Wegziehen" des THZ- Kolbens bedingen. Dann wird über die Leitung 50 und Ventil 5 Druckmittel in den Verstärkerraum 47 geleitet und so der Kolben 41 nachgeführt. Durch Diese Ausführungsform ist bevorzugt, da so der Bauraum weiter reduziert wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, dass dann nur relativ geringe Volumenströme an Bremsflüssigkeit zu bewegen sind, wodurch die Systemdynamik erhöht wird. Dies verringert auch die Ladezeiten des Hochdruckspeichers 4. Durch die zusätzliche hydraulische Unterstützung mittels Pumpe 19 kann das Volumen des Hochdruckspeichers 4 auch auf eine geringere Wiederholhäufigkeit an Bremsungen ausgelegt werden. Das bedeutet es kann die Anzahl möglicher Bremsungen ohne zwischenzeitliche Aufladung des Hochdruckspeichers verringert werden auf z. B. 2 mal 60 bar bis 90 bar, vorzugsweise ca. 80 bar, THZ-Druck. In den seltenen Fällen einer darüber hinausgehenden Druckanforderung kann dann mittels Pumpe 19 ein entsprechender Bremsdruck erzeugt werden.Another embodiment provides only to provide a reduced maximum brake pressure of the booster (modulation pressure) (similar to a vacuum brake booster). This then already covers a large range of all braking operations, for example all “normal braking operations” in a range of maximum brake pressure resulting from up to 60 to 80 bar. The brake applications that have a brake pressure above this control point (approx. 60-80 bar) required area are then built up by additional pressure build-up by means of the hydraulic pump 19. This can cause the THZ Piston condition. Then, pressure medium is fed into the booster chamber 47 via the line 50 and valve 5 and the piston 41 is thus tracked. This embodiment is preferred because the installation space is further reduced. Another advantage is the fact that only relatively small volume flows of brake fluid are then to be moved, which increases the system dynamics. This also reduces the loading times of the high-pressure accumulator 4. The additional hydraulic support by means of a pump 19 means that the volume of the high-pressure accumulator 4 can also be designed for a lower frequency of braking repetitions. This means that the number of possible braking operations can be reduced to z. B. 2 times 60 bar to 90 bar, preferably about 80 bar, THZ pressure. In the rare cases of a pressure request going beyond this, a corresponding brake pressure can then be generated by means of pump 19.
Das beschriebene System ist vorteilhaft tauglich für elektronische Bremsenregelungsysteme, wie ABS (Antiblokiersystem) , EDS (Elektronische Differential Sperre, Antriebsschlupfgregelung) , ESP (Elektronisches Stabilitäts Programm) , oder HDC (Hill Descent Control, Bergabfahrtsregelung) . Darüber hinaus ist auch ein Einsatz für Systeme mit einer Abstands- und Folgeregelung (ACC, Adaptive Cruise Control) möglich, da ein automatischer Druckausgleich der Kreise durch den THZ erfolgt. The system described is advantageously suitable for electronic brake control systems, such as ABS (anti-lock braking system), EDS (electronic differential lock, traction control), ESP (electronic stability program), or HDC (hill descent control, downhill regulation). It can also be used for systems with distance and follow-up control (ACC, Adaptive Cruise Control), since the THZ automatically balances the pressure in the circuits.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage, mit einem von einer Bremsbetätigungseinrichtung betätigbaren Bremsdruckgeber, der über eine hydraulische Leitung mit Radbremsen des Fahrzeugs verbindbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bremsdruckgeber im wesentlichen aus einem Hauptbremszylinder (11) und einem vorgeschalteten hydraulischen Verstärker (7) besteht, der mit einem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter (13) verbunden ist über eine Leitung (12) , in der ein erstes analoges bzw. analogisiertes Ventil (6) angeordnet ist und der eine im wesentlichen koaxial zum Hauptbremszylinder angeordnete Verstärkungskammer (47) und einen darin angeordneten Verstärkerkolben (41) aufweist, der in Kraftabgaberichtung über ein Betätigungselement (42) mit einem1.Hydraulic vehicle brake system, with a brake pressure transmitter which can be actuated by a brake actuation device and which can be connected to the vehicle's wheel brakes via a hydraulic line, characterized in that the brake pressure transmitter essentially consists of a master brake cylinder (11) and an upstream hydraulic booster (7) which is connected to a pressure medium reservoir (13) via a line (12) in which a first analog or analog valve (6) is arranged and which has an amplification chamber (47) arranged essentially coaxially with the master brake cylinder and an amplifier piston (41) arranged therein has in the power output direction via an actuating element (42) with a
Hauptbremszylinderkolben wirkverbunden ist und der zwecks Bremskraftverstarkung mit einem hydraulischen Druck einer Fremddruckquelle (4, 19, 20) beaufschlagbar ist, die mit dem hydraulischen Verstärker (7) verbunden ist über eine Leitung (50), in der ein zweites analoges bzw. analogisiertes Ventil (5) angeordnet ist.The master brake cylinder piston is operatively connected and can be acted upon by a hydraulic pressure from an external pressure source (4, 19, 20) for the purpose of increasing the braking force, which is connected to the hydraulic booster (7) via a line (50) in which a second analog or analog valve ( 5) is arranged.
2. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hauptbremszylinder2. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the master brake cylinder
(11) zweikreisig und der Druckmittelvorratsbehälter (13) drucklos ausgebildet ist.(11) dual circuit and the pressure medium reservoir (13) is designed to be depressurized.
3. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,3. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to claim 1 or 2,
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fremddruckquelle (4, 19, 20) ein Motor-Pumpen-Aggregat (19, 20) und einen hydraulischen Hochdruckspeicher (4) aufweist.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE characterized in that the external pressure source (4, 19, 20) has a motor-pump unit (19, 20) and a hydraulic high-pressure accumulator (4).
4. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit (28) vorgesehen ist, mittels der die analogen bzw. analogisierten Ventile (5, 6) geregelt bzw. gesteuert werden, zwecks Beaufschlagung des Verstärkerkolbens (41) des hydraulischen Verstärkers (7) mit einem bestimmten hydraulischen Druck.4. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an electronic control and regulating unit (28) is provided, by means of which the analog or analogized valves (5, 6) are regulated or controlled for the purpose of loading the Booster piston (41) of the hydraulic booster (7) with a certain hydraulic pressure.
5. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hautbremszylinder (11) mit den Radbremsen (30, 31) des Fahrzeugs verbunden ist über eine Bremsleitung (14) , in die ein Trennventil (9) eingefügt ist, und über anschließende Bremsleitungsteile (14.1, 14.2), in die jeweils ein Einlassventil (15.1, 15.2) angeordnet ist.5. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the skin brake cylinder (11) is connected to the wheel brakes (30, 31) of the vehicle via a brake line (14) into which a isolating valve (9) is inserted, and via subsequent brake line parts (14.1, 14.2), in each of which an inlet valve (15.1, 15.2) is arranged.
6. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Radbremsen (30,31) des Fahrzeugs mit dem Hautbremszylinder (11) verbunden sind über eine Rücklaufleitung (17), in welche Auslassventile (16.1, 16.2), ein Niederdruckspeicher (18) und ein Umschaltventil (8) angeordnet ist.6. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wheel brakes (30,31) of the vehicle with the skin brake cylinder (11) are connected via a return line (17), in which exhaust valves (16.1, 16.2) Low pressure accumulator (18) and a changeover valve (8) is arranged.
7. Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pumpe (19) eingangsseitig mit der Rücklaufleitung (17) verbunden ist und ausgangsseitig über eine Verzweigungsstelle (22) mit den Radbremsen (30,31) des Fahrzeugs oder mit dem Hochdruckspeicher (4) verbindbar ist und dass zwischen der Druckseite (21) der Pumpe (19) und der Verzweigungsstelle (22) ein Rückschlagventil (23) und eine Dämpferkammer (57) angeordnet sind.7. Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the pump (19) is connected on the input side to the return line (17) and on the output side can be connected to the wheel brakes (30, 31) of the vehicle or to the high-pressure accumulator (4) via a branching point (22) and that between the pressure side (21) of the pump (19) and the branching point (22) a check valve (23) and a damper chamber (57) are arranged.
Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von der VerzweigungsstelleHydraulic vehicle brake system according to claim 7, characterized in that from the branch point
(22) die Pumpe (19) mit dem Hochdruckspeicher (4) über eine Leitung (24) verbunden ist, in die ein ansteuerbares Ventil (2) angeordnet ist, und dass von der Verzweigungsstelle (22) die Pumpe (19) mit den Bremsleitungsteilen (14.1, 14.2) verbunden ist über eine Leitung (25) , in die ein ansteuerbares Ventil(22) the pump (19) is connected to the high-pressure accumulator (4) via a line (24) into which a controllable valve (2) is arranged, and that from the branching point (22) the pump (19) with the brake line parts (14.1, 14.2) is connected via a line (25) into which a controllable valve
(1) angeordnet ist.(1) is arranged.
Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Ansprüche 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der elektronischen Steuer- und Regeleinheit (28) die ansteuerbaren Ventile (1, 2) geregelt bzw. gesteuert werden, zwecks Bremsdruckregelung oder Aufbau eines hydraulischen Drucks in dem Hochdruckspeicher (4) . Hydraulic vehicle brake system according to Claim 8, characterized in that the controllable valves (1, 2) are regulated or controlled by means of the electronic control and regulating unit (28), for the purpose of regulating the brake pressure or building up a hydraulic pressure in the high-pressure accumulator (4).
EP03740417A 2002-07-05 2003-07-04 Hydraulic vehicle braking system Withdrawn EP1521699A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10230263 2002-07-05
DE10230263 2002-07-05
DE10244375A DE10244375B4 (en) 2002-07-05 2002-09-24 Hydraulic vehicle brake system
DE10244375 2002-09-24
PCT/EP2003/007171 WO2004005098A1 (en) 2002-07-05 2003-07-04 Hydraulic vehicle braking system

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EP1521699A1 true EP1521699A1 (en) 2005-04-13

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US7569367B2 (en) 2005-09-07 2009-08-04 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Nucleic acid preparation from whole blood for use in diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
DE102010041642A1 (en) * 2010-09-29 2012-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Braking system for a vehicle
FR3029911B1 (en) 2014-12-12 2018-03-09 L'oreal NOVEL 1,2-DIPHENYL ETHYLENE GLYCOL COMPOUNDS FOR COMBATING SKIN AGING AND USE IN COSMETICS
FR3036617B1 (en) 2015-05-27 2018-08-31 L'oreal POLYHYDROXYL (1-PHENYL-2-PHENYL) ETHYLENE DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-AGING AGENT AND PHOTOPROTECTIVE
FR3049602B1 (en) 2016-03-31 2021-10-15 Oreal CARBOXYL POLYPHENOL DERIVATIVES AND THEIR COSMETIC USE

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DE3241662A1 (en) * 1982-11-11 1984-05-17 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt HYDRAULIC, FORCE OPERATED BRAKE SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
DE4213740A1 (en) * 1992-04-25 1993-10-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Accelerating braking engagement in drive slip regulating mode of motor vehicle - using hydraulic circuit, pressure medium reservoir, drive slip regulator and pump drawing pressure medium through suction line
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