EP1520928A1 - Device for cleaning fabrics, in particular dryer fabrics for the papermaking industry - Google Patents

Device for cleaning fabrics, in particular dryer fabrics for the papermaking industry Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1520928A1
EP1520928A1 EP04104799A EP04104799A EP1520928A1 EP 1520928 A1 EP1520928 A1 EP 1520928A1 EP 04104799 A EP04104799 A EP 04104799A EP 04104799 A EP04104799 A EP 04104799A EP 1520928 A1 EP1520928 A1 EP 1520928A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
fabric
cloth
canvas
head
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP04104799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Malbet
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Papeterie Service Industries
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Papeterie Service Industries
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Publication of EP1520928A1 publication Critical patent/EP1520928A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/32—Washing wire-cloths or felts
    • D21F1/325—Washing wire-cloths or felts with reciprocating devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for cleaning cloths in particular drying cloths used in the paper industry.
  • Drying cloths are used in the paper industry during paper drying.
  • the paper is made from a grinding of materials such as wood, recycled paper, cardboard, packaging in a large volume of water to form pulp.
  • the dough is then treated to form a continuous sheet which must be dried.
  • the drying is carried out between a permeable fabric and a succession of drying cylinders heated to a temperature of 70 ° C to 180 ° C in a warm atmosphere between 40 and 120 ° C with a humidity of 70 to 100%.
  • the permeable fabric forms a continuous band width of 2 to 10 m for a length of the order of 20 to 70 m and is for example made from an open mesh weave of polymer yarns such as PET.
  • the Web apply the paper to the drying cylinders allowing the water to evaporate through the canvas.
  • the canvas describes a continuous circuit with a speed of scrolling of the order of 100 to 1500 m / min and has a passing strand on the drying cylinders and a return strand.
  • the role of the canvas is not to recover the water or to filter any liquid but to press the paper on the dryer cylinders to help evaporation of the water contained in the paper.
  • pressurized water systems have nozzle nozzles small diameter that tend to clog because of impurities present in water. As a result, frequent interviews are necessary (Change nozzles).
  • the present invention aims at providing a cleaning system in which continuous drying canvases effective, not creating wet waste having tendency to agglomerate, which can be positioned anywhere in the strand back of the canvas, allowing a cleaning and a dry cleaning of the canvas according to a random or programmed movement of the cleaning head.
  • the invention mainly relates to a device for continuous cleaning and unclogging of dry cloths on a drying line for paper, this device comprising an irradiation head laser positioned on a moving frame moving in one direction transverse to the movement of the fabric on the drying line.
  • the laser irradiation head comprises a system focusing optics facing a first end of a waveguide optical, a laser station being connected to the second end of the waveguide optical.
  • the irradiation head is provided with a protective housing closing a space between the optical system of focus and the canvas.
  • the housing may be provided with means of recovery of contaminant residues such as a suction nozzle nearby of the focusing optical system.
  • the mobile frame is arranged on one side of the fabric, a protective bin and waste recovery being arranged on the other side of the canvas opposite the course of movement of the building.
  • the laser is a solid state laser providing pulses of energy.
  • the laser may be a multimode laser.
  • the optical system focuses on the canvas a spot of square section.
  • the device may comprise continuous permeability measuring means and a control system of the head capable of positioning the irradiation head according to measurements of permeability so clean up a succession of areas of the canvas in according to their relative fouling.
  • the mobile frame can be moved back and forth during the moving the canvas so as to clean a succession of surfaces elementary elements aligned along segments inclined relative to the axis of scrolling of the canvas, the canvas being completely scanned at the end of a many turns of rotation of the canvas.
  • This statistical type scan of the canvas with discontinuous spots avoids to burn the canvas by limiting the number of laser shots at a given point or on contiguous points while performing a preventive cleanup that opposes increasing the size of the debris by aggregation.
  • the mobile frame is positioned at near a first dryer cylinder of the drying line.
  • FIG. 1 represents a simplified embodiment of a chain Conventional Drying Plant, to which is added the device according to the invention.
  • the drying battery according to the simplified example comprises several drying cylinders, here 4 cylinders 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, two continuous webs 1a, 1b, the fabric 1a being pressurized on the drying cylinders 20a, 20c by rollers 23a, 24a, 25a and tensioning devices 26a, 27a of type known, the web 1b being pressurized against the drying cylinders 20b, 20d by rollers 23b, 24b, 25b and tensioning devices 26b, 27b, the sheet of paper 3 to pass between the cloths and the drying cylinders as shown in FIG.
  • the drying cylinders 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are traditionally heated to a temperature of about 80 ° C to 180 ° C.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a laser irradiation head 4 positioned on a mobile frame 5 moving in a direction D1 perpendicular to the displacement D2 of the canvas 1, 1a, 1b on the drying line.
  • the laser beam generated by the laser station 8 and transported by the guide optical wave 7 to the irradiation head The laser beam generated by the laser station 8 and transported by the guide optical wave 7 to the irradiation head.
  • the post laser 8 comprises a solid state laser such as an ND: YAG laser.
  • Such solid lasers provide short pulses (typically from 1 ns to 100 ⁇ s) with an energy of the order of 5 to 1000 mJ per pulse at a wavelength of the order of 350 to 1,600 nanometers in the different harmonics, these pulses can be emitted at a rate of 1 to 10 kHz.
  • Cleaning mainly uses the mechanical wave effect shock of a plasma formed by the laser pulse on the target.
  • the shock wave applied mechanics is intense enough to vaporize the particles at the surface of the canvas and inlaid debris that clog the canvas.
  • the vapors created will ionize and lead to the formation of a plasma that during its relaxation transmits enough momentum to create a wave shock in the material to take off and volatilize the debris.
  • This phenomenon is particularly present for illuminations greater than 100 MW / cm 2 which can be obtained for pulse durations of the order of ten nanoseconds.
  • An advantage of the device is that the residues of particles and debris being vaporized, they are reduced to such dimensions that they do not redeposit themselves not on the canvas and that a simple suction device can overcome it.
  • Laser cleaning has a limit which is not to burn the canvas. It is therefore necessary to work at a wavelength for which the threshold of damage to the fiber is well beyond the cleaning threshold.
  • a wavelength of the order of 532 nm appears appropriate but can however degrade the fabric quickly in the case of a tight mesh fabric.
  • a wavelength of 1064 nm allows efficient cleaning with fluences of the order of 0.7 to 6 J / cm 2 , without degrading the fabric prematurely.
  • typical values for cleaning using a YAG laser are of the order of 200 mJ for a pulse duration of the order of 25 ns and of the order of 350 mJ pulses duration of the 8 to 12 ns, for a wavelength of 1064 nm and a rate of the order of 1 to 200 Hz, the cleaning resulting from a law based on energy / cadence torques or power / duration adapted to the Web.
  • the laser spot for cleaning optimum must be wide enough to cover the debris.
  • the optical system 6 focuses on the canvas a spot of square section.
  • a multimode laser will be preferred because of the more great homogeneity of the spot obtained.
  • a disc-shaped focus can be used provided that a homogeneous energy distribution is maintained and non-Gaussian, this last distribution is not the most appropriate since it concentrates the energy in the center of the generated spot or spot.
  • the spots can realize on the canvas a succession points aligned in segments inclined to the scroll axis some cobweb. According to the principle of the invention it appeared that it is not necessary to clean the canvas on continuous segments but that spot cleaning same discontinuous is opposed to the aggregation of debris by limiting their size and provides effective declogging of the fabric.
  • a housing 9 of protection of the head 4 closes a space between the focusing optical system 6 and the fabric 1.
  • This housing can have walls of highly resistant plastic material such as the one known under the brand VITON and come into contact with the canvas.
  • the 9 and / or the head are provided with a suction nozzle 11 near the optical system 6 or other means 10 of residue recovery contaminating or otherwise blowing on the optical system 6.
  • a tray 12 of protection and waste recovery is arranged opposite the route of displacement of the frame.
  • the moving frame and the laser are controlled by control devices 8, 21, 22.
  • the device 21 according to the example controls the movements of the frame through the motor 22.
  • the control device causes the casting to execute movements of va and comes during the moving of the canvas 1 so clean up a succession of segments 13, 13 'inclined relative to the scroll axis D2 of the fabric.
  • these segments are a succession of points more or less close together depending on the periodicity of the laser shots, the speed of movement of the canvas and the speed of movement of the frame.
  • Cleaning and unclogging is a kind of cleaning statistical; the canvas being completely swept after a multitude of turns rotation while scrolling.
  • the invention thus allows a preventive cleaning of the fabric. Due to sweeping, the canvas can maintain a global cleanliness avoiding the constitution accumulation of debris.
  • the control system can be adjusted to avoid a coupling effect period for which the speed of movement of the fabric and the frequency of back and forth from the cart would lead to sweeping only a given band of the canvas. For this, the control system can play first and foremost on the speed of displacement of the frame, the scrolling speed of the canvas being dependent on it the drying efficiency to obtain.
  • the device can comprise means 50 continuous permeability measurement of the fabric.
  • These means can be constituted by a suction device 51 coupled to a sensor 52 of depression measuring the amount of air that can be evacuated through the canvas.
  • the device can move transversely with respect to the canvas, the vacuum sensor being connected to the control system.
  • the system 21, 22 for controlling the irradiation head 4 can in this case case be programmed to be able to position the head according to permeability measurements so clean up a succession of areas of the canvas according to their relative fouling. Such a solution may allow to insist on a heavily fouled area and to move quickly on unclogged areas.
  • mobile frames 5a, 5b can be positioned anywhere on the strands of back of the canvas and in particular may be arranged near a first dryer cylinder 20a, 20b of the dryer battery.
  • the same laser can, using a beam splitting device of the type known, serve as a light source for two mounted irradiation heads each on a frame 5a, 5b so as to clean two paintings simultaneously.
  • the frame 5 or the mobile frames 5a, 5b moving in a direction D1 transverse to the displacement D2 of the fabric 1, 1a, 1b on the battery of driers can without departing from the scope of the invention move according to a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the canvas or at an angle not zero with respect to this direction D2 of displacement according to positioning constraints of the support 30 on which the frame moves.

Abstract

A laser irradiation head (4) located on a holder, moves across (D2) the direction of travel (D2) of the cloth (1) on the drying section. The laser irradiation head includes a focusing optical system (6) facing one end of an optical fiber cable (7); a laser unit (8) is connected to its other end. A solid state laser is used to produce energy pulses. It is a multimode laser. The optical system focuses a square spot on the cloth. The head has a protective guard (9) enclosing a space between the optical system and the cloth. The guard has a collection system for contaminant residues, e.g. an air suction nozzle close to the optical system. The holder is located on one side of the cloth, on the other a protective cover (12) faces the path of the cloth, and intercepts waste. A unit (50) measures permeability continuously. A system (21, 22) drives the head as a function of permeability measurements, to clean a succession of zones as a function of their relative blockage. The head is moved back and forth as the cloth is moved along, Cleaning a number of sections inclined with respect to the axis of cloth movement, the entire cloth being swept at the end of a number of cloth rotations. The holder is located close to the first drying cylinder of the drying section.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de nettoyage de toiles notamment de toiles de sécherie utilisées dans l'industrie papetière.The present invention relates to a device for cleaning cloths in particular drying cloths used in the paper industry.

Les toiles de sécherie sont utilisées dans l'industrie papetière lors du séchage du papier.Drying cloths are used in the paper industry during paper drying.

Le papier est réalisé à partir d'un broyage de matériaux tels que bois, papier recyclé, carton, emballages dans un grand volume d'eau pour former de la pâte à papier. La pâte est ensuite traitée pour former une feuille continue qui doit être séchée.The paper is made from a grinding of materials such as wood, recycled paper, cardboard, packaging in a large volume of water to form pulp. The dough is then treated to form a continuous sheet which must be dried.

Le séchage s'effectue entre une toile perméable et une succession de cylindres sécheurs portés à une température de 70°C à 180°C dans une ambiance chaude entre 40 et 120°C avec un taux d'humidité de 70 à 100%.The drying is carried out between a permeable fabric and a succession of drying cylinders heated to a temperature of 70 ° C to 180 ° C in a warm atmosphere between 40 and 120 ° C with a humidity of 70 to 100%.

La toile perméable forme une bande continue de largeur de 2 à 10 m pour une longueur de l'ordre de 20 à 70 m et est par exemple réalisée à partir d'un tissage à mailles ouvertes de fils de polymère tel que le PET. La toile applique le papier sur les cylindres sécheurs ce qui permet que l'eau s'évapore au travers de la toile. La toile décrit un circuit en continu avec une vitesse de défilement de l'ordre de 100 à 1500 m/min et comporte un brin aller passant sur les cylindres sécheurs et un brin retour.The permeable fabric forms a continuous band width of 2 to 10 m for a length of the order of 20 to 70 m and is for example made from an open mesh weave of polymer yarns such as PET. The Web apply the paper to the drying cylinders allowing the water to evaporate through the canvas. The canvas describes a continuous circuit with a speed of scrolling of the order of 100 to 1500 m / min and has a passing strand on the drying cylinders and a return strand.

Le rôle de la toile n'est pas de récupérer l'eau ni de filtrer un quelconque liquide mais d'appuyer le papier sur les cylindres sécheurs afin d'aider à l'évaporation de l'eau contenu dans le papier. The role of the canvas is not to recover the water or to filter any liquid but to press the paper on the dryer cylinders to help evaporation of the water contained in the paper.

II reste que la toile s'encrasse de divers déchets présents sur le papier qui s'agglomèrent sur la toile et finissent par colmater la toile empêchant ainsi l'évaporation de l'eau et le séchage correcte du papier.L'accumulation de ces déchets, outre la diminution du taux d'évaporation et donc de la productivité du processus de séchage, provoque des défauts qualitatifs et des dysfonctionnements des machines. II fragilise le papier et provoque un encrassement du papier voir casses papier au niveau de la sécherie, de l'enrouleuse, de la bobineuse et chez les transformateurs pouvant entraíner des arrêts de production.It remains that the canvas clogs with various waste present on the paper which agglomerate on the canvas and eventually clog the canvas thus preventing the evaporation of the water and the correct drying of the paper. The accumulation of these waste, in addition to the decrease of the evaporation rate and therefore of the productivity of the drying process, causes qualitative defects and malfunctions of the machines. It weakens the paper and causes a fouling paper see paper breaks at the dryer, the winder, from the winder and from the transformers that can lead to production stops.

II existe déjà des systèmes de nettoyage des toiles par eau sous pression, en continu ou hors fonctionnement de la batterie de séchage.There are already systems for cleaning canvas by water under pressure, continuously or out of operation of the drying battery.

Ces systèmes ne sont pas totalement satisfaisants.These systems are not completely satisfactory.

En premier lieu, ces systèmes projettent de l'eau, ce qui, avec les déchets, crée des boues devant être évacuées.In the first place, these systems project water, which, together with waste, creates sludge to be evacuated.

En outre ces systèmes humidifient la toile ce qui oblige à les positionner au début du brin de retour de la toile sur la chaíne à distance la plus importante du premier cylindre sécheur, afin de ne pas ré-humidifier localement le papier.In addition, these systems moisten the fabric, which forces them to be positioned at the beginning of the strand back from the canvas on the most remote distance chain important of the first dryer cylinder, so as not to re-humidify locally paper.

De plus, les systèmes à eau sous pression comportent des buses de petit diamètre qui ont tendance à se boucher à cause des impuretés présentes dans l'eau. De ce fait des entretiens fréquents sont nécessaires (Changement des buses).In addition, pressurized water systems have nozzle nozzles small diameter that tend to clog because of impurities present in water. As a result, frequent interviews are necessary (Change nozzles).

Par ailleurs ces systèmes sont fortement consommateurs d'eau purifiée ce qui est économiquement et écologiquement coûteux.In addition, these systems consume a lot of purified water which is economically and ecologically expensive.

D'autres systèmes utilisent des dispositifs racleurs mais ces derniers usent les toiles très rapidement et ne résolvent pas le problème du colmatage de la toile.Other systems use scraping devices but these use the cloths very quickly and do not solve the problem of clogging some cobweb.

La présente invention vise à proposer un système de nettoyage en continu de toiles de sécherie efficace, ne créant pas de déchets humides ayant tendance à s'agglomérer, pouvant être positionné à un endroit quelconque du brin retour de la toile, permettant un nettoyage et un décolmatage à sec de la toile selon un déplacement aléatoire ou programmé de la tête de nettoyage. The present invention aims at providing a cleaning system in which continuous drying canvases effective, not creating wet waste having tendency to agglomerate, which can be positioned anywhere in the strand back of the canvas, allowing a cleaning and a dry cleaning of the canvas according to a random or programmed movement of the cleaning head.

Pour ce faire, l'invention concerne principalement un dispositif de nettoyage et décolmatage à sec en continu de toiles de sécherie sur une chaíne de séchage pour papier, ce dispositif comportant une tête d'irradiation laser positionnée sur un bâti mobile se déplaçant dans une direction transversale au déplacement de la toile sur la chaíne de séchage.For this purpose, the invention mainly relates to a device for continuous cleaning and unclogging of dry cloths on a drying line for paper, this device comprising an irradiation head laser positioned on a moving frame moving in one direction transverse to the movement of the fabric on the drying line.

Plus particulièrement la tête d'irradiation laser comporte un système optique de focalisation en regard d'une première extrémité d'un guide d'onde optique, un poste laser étant raccordé à la seconde extrémité du guide d'onde optique.More particularly, the laser irradiation head comprises a system focusing optics facing a first end of a waveguide optical, a laser station being connected to the second end of the waveguide optical.

En mode de réalisation préférentiel, la tête d'irradiation est pourvue d'un carter de protection fermant un espace entre le système optique de focalisation et la toile.In a preferred embodiment, the irradiation head is provided with a protective housing closing a space between the optical system of focus and the canvas.

Plus particulièrement, le carter peut être pourvu de moyens de récupération de résidus contaminant tels qu'une buse d'aspiration à proximité du système optique de focalisation.More particularly, the housing may be provided with means of recovery of contaminant residues such as a suction nozzle nearby of the focusing optical system.

Avantageusement, le bâti mobile est disposé d'un côté de la toile, un bac de protection et de récupération de déchets étant disposé de l'autre côté de la toile en regard du parcours de déplacement du bâti.Advantageously, the mobile frame is arranged on one side of the fabric, a protective bin and waste recovery being arranged on the other side of the canvas opposite the course of movement of the building.

En mode de réalisation particulier, le laser est un laser à solide fournissant des impulsions d'énergie.In a particular embodiment, the laser is a solid state laser providing pulses of energy.

Plus précisément, le laser peut être un laser multimode.More precisely, the laser may be a multimode laser.

Avantageusement le système optique focalise sur la toile une tache de section carrée.Advantageously, the optical system focuses on the canvas a spot of square section.

En mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif peut comporter des moyens de mesure de perméabilité en continu et un système de pilotage de la tête apte à positionner la tête d'irradiation en fonction de mesures de perméabilité de sorte de nettoyer une succession de zones de la toile en fonction de leur encrassement relatif.In a particular embodiment, the device may comprise continuous permeability measuring means and a control system of the head capable of positioning the irradiation head according to measurements of permeability so clean up a succession of areas of the canvas in according to their relative fouling.

Le bâti mobile peut être animé de mouvements de va et vient pendant le déplacement de la toile de sorte de nettoyer une succession de surfaces élémentaires alignées selon des segments inclinés par rapport à l'axe de défilement de la toile, la toile étant entièrement balayée au bout d'une multitude de tours de rotation de la toile.The mobile frame can be moved back and forth during the moving the canvas so as to clean a succession of surfaces elementary elements aligned along segments inclined relative to the axis of scrolling of the canvas, the canvas being completely scanned at the end of a many turns of rotation of the canvas.

Ce balayage de type statistique de la toile avec spots discontinus évite de brûler la toile en limitant le nombre de tirs laser en un point donné ou sur des points contigus tout en réalisant un nettoyage préventif qui s'oppose à l'accroissement de la taille des débris par agrégation.This statistical type scan of the canvas with discontinuous spots avoids to burn the canvas by limiting the number of laser shots at a given point or on contiguous points while performing a preventive cleanup that opposes increasing the size of the debris by aggregation.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, le bâti mobile est positionné à proximité d'un premier cylindre sécheur de la chaíne de séchage.According to a preferred embodiment, the mobile frame is positioned at near a first dryer cylinder of the drying line.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple de réalisation de l'invention en référence aux figures qui représentent:

  • En figure 1: une vue schématique en perspective d'une chaíne de séchage recevant un dispositif selon l'invention;
  • En figure 2: une vue de côté d'un exemple de chaíne de séchage représentant le parcours du papier,
  • En figure 3: une vue schématique en perspective d'un dispositif selon l'invention;
  • En figure 4: une vue en coupe d'une tête de dispositif selon l'invention.
    • Other advantages and features of the invention will be better understood on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures which represent:
  • In Figure 1: a schematic perspective view of a drying chain receiving a device according to the invention;
  • In FIG. 2: a side view of an example of a drying line representing the path of the paper,
  • In Figure 3: a schematic perspective view of a device according to the invention;
  • In Figure 4: a sectional view of a device head according to the invention.

    • La figure 1 représente un exemple simplifié de réalisation d'une chaíne de sécherie conventionnelle sur laquelle est ajouté le dispositif selon l'invention.FIG. 1 represents a simplified embodiment of a chain Conventional Drying Plant, to which is added the device according to the invention.

    La batterie de séchage selon l'exemple simplifié comporte plusieurs cylindres sécheurs, ici 4 cylindres 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, deux toiles continues 1a, 1b, la toile 1a étant mise en pression sur les cylindres sécheurs 20a, 20c par des rouleaux 23a, 24a, 25a et des dispositifs tendeurs 26a, 27a de type connu, la toile 1 b étant mise en pression contre les cylindres sécheurs 20b, 20d par des rouleaux 23b, 24b, 25b et des dispositifs tendeurs 26b, 27b, la feuille de papier 3 devant passer entre les toiles et les cylindres sécheurs comme représenté en figure 2.The drying battery according to the simplified example comprises several drying cylinders, here 4 cylinders 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, two continuous webs 1a, 1b, the fabric 1a being pressurized on the drying cylinders 20a, 20c by rollers 23a, 24a, 25a and tensioning devices 26a, 27a of type known, the web 1b being pressurized against the drying cylinders 20b, 20d by rollers 23b, 24b, 25b and tensioning devices 26b, 27b, the sheet of paper 3 to pass between the cloths and the drying cylinders as shown in FIG.

    Les cylindres sécheurs 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d sont de manière traditionnelle portés à une température d'environ 80 °C à 180°C. The drying cylinders 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are traditionally heated to a temperature of about 80 ° C to 180 ° C.

    Selon cet exemple, deux dispositif de nettoyage en continu sont disposés sur la chaíne, un dispositif par toile.According to this example, two continuous cleaning device are arranged on the chain, a device by canvas.

    Le dispositif selon l'invention, plus particulièrement décrit en figures 3 et 4, comporte une tête 4 d'irradiation laser positionnée sur un bâti 5 mobile se déplaçant dans une direction D1 perpendiculaire au déplacement D2 de la toile 1, 1a, 1 b sur la chaíne de séchage.The device according to the invention, more particularly described in FIGS. and 4, comprises a laser irradiation head 4 positioned on a mobile frame 5 moving in a direction D1 perpendicular to the displacement D2 of the canvas 1, 1a, 1b on the drying line.

    Le bâti 5 est solidaire en translation d'un support 30 préférentiellement orienté perpendiculairement au sens de défilement de la toile. Le bâti est mobile et apte à se déplacer sur le support par des moyens donnés ici uniquement à titre d'exemple tels qu'un moteur 22 solidaire du support entraínant une chaíne 31 tournant autour d'un pignon 32, la chaíne entraínant le bâti. De tels moyens d'entraínement d'un mobile sur un axe étant connus par l'homme du métier ne seront pas détaillés plus avant.The frame 5 is integral in translation with a support 30 preferably oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the canvas. The building is mobile and able to move on the support by means given here only as an example such as a motor 22 secured to the support driving a chain 31 rotating around a pinion 32, the drive chain the built. Such drive means of a mobile on an axis being known by the skilled person will not be detailed further.

    La tête 4 d'irradiation laser représentée en figure 4 comporte un système optique 6 de focalisation, en regard d'une première extrémité d'un guide d'onde optique 7 raccordé à un poste laser 8 par son autre extrémité.The laser irradiation head 4 shown in FIG. focusing optical system 6, facing a first end of a optical waveguide 7 connected to a laser station 8 at its other end.

    Le faisceau laser généré par le poste laser 8 et transporté par le guide d'onde optique 7 vers la tête d'irradiation.The laser beam generated by the laser station 8 and transported by the guide optical wave 7 to the irradiation head.

    Pour obtenir un nettoyage correct de la toile sans la brûler, le poste laser 8 comprend un laser à solide tel qu'un laser ND:YAG.To get a proper cleaning of the canvas without burning it, the post laser 8 comprises a solid state laser such as an ND: YAG laser.

    De tels lasers solides fournissent des impulsions courtes (typiquement de 1 ns à 100 µs) avec une énergie de l'ordre de 5 à 1000 mJ par impulsion à une longueur d'onde de l'ordre de 350 à 1 600 nanomètres dans les différents harmoniques, ces impulsions pouvant être émises à une cadence de 1 à 10 kHz.Such solid lasers provide short pulses (typically from 1 ns to 100 μs) with an energy of the order of 5 to 1000 mJ per pulse at a wavelength of the order of 350 to 1,600 nanometers in the different harmonics, these pulses can be emitted at a rate of 1 to 10 kHz.

    Le nettoyage utilise de manière prépondérante l'effet mécanique d'onde de choc d'un plasma formé par l'impulsion laser sur la cible. L'onde de choc mécanique appliquée est suffisamment intense pour vaporiser les particules à la surface de la toile et les débris incrustés qui colmatent la toile. Les vapeurs crées vont s'ioniser et entraíner la formation d'un plasma qui lors de sa détente transmet une quantité de mouvement suffisante pour créer une onde de choc dans le matériau permettant de décoller et volatiliser les débris. Cleaning mainly uses the mechanical wave effect shock of a plasma formed by the laser pulse on the target. The shock wave applied mechanics is intense enough to vaporize the particles at the surface of the canvas and inlaid debris that clog the canvas. The vapors created will ionize and lead to the formation of a plasma that during its relaxation transmits enough momentum to create a wave shock in the material to take off and volatilize the debris.

    Ce phénomène est notamment présent pour des éclairements supérieurs à 100MW/cm2 qui peuvent être obtenus pour des durées d'impulsion de l'ordre de la dizaine de nanosecondes.This phenomenon is particularly present for illuminations greater than 100 MW / cm 2 which can be obtained for pulse durations of the order of ten nanoseconds.

    Un avantage du dispositif est que les résidus de particules et débris étant vaporisés, ils sont réduits à de telles dimensions qu'ils ne se redéposent pas sur la toile et qu'un simple dispositif d'aspiration peut en venir à bout.An advantage of the device is that the residues of particles and debris being vaporized, they are reduced to such dimensions that they do not redeposit themselves not on the canvas and that a simple suction device can overcome it.

    Le nettoyage laser comporte une limite qui est de ne pas brûler la toile. II y a donc lieu de travailler à une longueur d'onde pour laquelle le seuil de dommage de la fibre soit nettement au delà du seuil de nettoyage.Laser cleaning has a limit which is not to burn the canvas. It is therefore necessary to work at a wavelength for which the threshold of damage to the fiber is well beyond the cleaning threshold.

    Une longueur d'onde de l'ordre de 532 nm apparaít adaptée mais peut toutefois dégrader la toile rapidement dans le cas d'une toile à mailles serrées. Une longueur d'onde de 1064 nm permet un nettoyage efficace avec des fluences de l'ordre de 0,7 à 6 J/cm2, ce sans dégrader la toile prématurément.
       des valeurs typiques permettant le nettoyage à l'aide d'un laser YAG sont de l'ordre de 200 mJ pour une durée d'impulsion de l'ordre de 25 ns et de l'ordre de 350mJ par impulsions de durée de l'ordre de 8 à 12 ns, ce pour une longueur d'onde de 1064 nm et une cadence de l'ordre de 1 à 200 Hz, le nettoyage résultant d'une loi basée sur des couples énergie/cadence ou puissance/durée adaptés à la toile.    A wavelength of the order of 532 nm appears appropriate but can however degrade the fabric quickly in the case of a tight mesh fabric. A wavelength of 1064 nm allows efficient cleaning with fluences of the order of 0.7 to 6 J / cm 2 , without degrading the fabric prematurely.
    typical values for cleaning using a YAG laser are of the order of 200 mJ for a pulse duration of the order of 25 ns and of the order of 350 mJ pulses duration of the 8 to 12 ns, for a wavelength of 1064 nm and a rate of the order of 1 to 200 Hz, the cleaning resulting from a law based on energy / cadence torques or power / duration adapted to the Web.

    Par ailleurs il a été déterminé que le spot laser permettant un nettoyage optimum doit être suffisamment large pour recouvrir les débris. En mode préférentiel de l'invention, le système optique 6 focalise sur la toile un spot de section carrée. Dans ce but un laser multimode sera préféré du fait de la plus grande homogénéité du spot obtenu. Une focalisation en forme de disque peut être utilisée à condition de conserver une répartition d'énergie homogène et non gaussienne, cette dernière répartition n'étant pas la plus appropriée puisqu'elle concentre l'énergie au centre de la tache ou spot généré.Moreover, it has been determined that the laser spot for cleaning optimum must be wide enough to cover the debris. In mode of the invention, the optical system 6 focuses on the canvas a spot of square section. For this purpose a multimode laser will be preferred because of the more great homogeneity of the spot obtained. A disc-shaped focus can be used provided that a homogeneous energy distribution is maintained and non-Gaussian, this last distribution is not the most appropriate since it concentrates the energy in the center of the generated spot or spot.

    Selon l'invention, les spots peuvent réaliser sur la toile une succession de points alignés selon des segments inclinés par rapport à l'axe de défilement de la toile. Selon le principe de l'invention il est apparu qu'il n'est pas besoin de nettoyer la toile sur des segments continus mais que le nettoyage par spots mêmes discontinus s'oppose à l'agrégation des débris en limitant leur taille et procure un décolmatage efficace de la toile.According to the invention, the spots can realize on the canvas a succession points aligned in segments inclined to the scroll axis some cobweb. According to the principle of the invention it appeared that it is not necessary to clean the canvas on continuous segments but that spot cleaning same discontinuous is opposed to the aggregation of debris by limiting their size and provides effective declogging of the fabric.

    Sur la figure 4 un carter 9 de protection de la tête 4 ferme un espace entre le système optique 6 de focalisation et la toile 1. Ce carter peut comporter des parois en matériau plastique très résistant tel que celui connu sous la marque VITON et venir en contact avec la toile.In Figure 4 a housing 9 of protection of the head 4 closes a space between the focusing optical system 6 and the fabric 1. This housing can have walls of highly resistant plastic material such as the one known under the brand VITON and come into contact with the canvas.

    Pour conserver le système optique propre et l'efficacité du dispositif, le carter 9 et/ou la tête sont pourvus d'une buse 11 d'aspiration à proximité du système optique 6 ou d'autres moyens 10 de récupération de résidus contaminant ou au contraire de soufflage sur le système optique 6.To keep the optical system clean and the efficiency of the device, the 9 and / or the head are provided with a suction nozzle 11 near the optical system 6 or other means 10 of residue recovery contaminating or otherwise blowing on the optical system 6.

    De l'autre côté de la toile par rapport au bâti 5 mobile et dans un but de sécurité d'une part et de récupération de particules d'autre part, un bac 12 de protection et de récupération de déchets est disposé en regard du parcours de déplacement du bâti.On the other side of the canvas with respect to the mobile frame and for the purpose of safety on the one hand and particulate recovery on the other hand, a tray 12 of protection and waste recovery is arranged opposite the route of displacement of the frame.

    Le bâti mobile et le laser sont pilotés par des dispositifs de contrôle 8, 21, 22. Le dispositif 21 selon l'exemple commande les déplacements du bâti au travers du moteur 22.The moving frame and the laser are controlled by control devices 8, 21, 22. The device 21 according to the example controls the movements of the frame through the motor 22.

    Le dispositif de contrôle fait exécuter au bâti des mouvements de va et vient pendant le déplacement de la toile 1 de sorte de nettoyer une succession de segments 13, 13' inclinés par rapport à l'axe de défilement D2 de la toile.The control device causes the casting to execute movements of va and comes during the moving of the canvas 1 so clean up a succession of segments 13, 13 'inclined relative to the scroll axis D2 of the fabric.

    Comme vu plus haut, ces segments sont une succession de points d'impact plus ou moins rapprochés en fonction de la périodicité des tirs laser, de la vitesse de défilement de la toile et de la vitesse de déplacement du bâti.As seen above, these segments are a succession of points more or less close together depending on the periodicity of the laser shots, the speed of movement of the canvas and the speed of movement of the frame.

    Le nettoyage et décolmatage est en quelque sorte un nettoyage statistique; la toile étant entièrement balayée au bout d'une multitude de tours de rotation lors de son défilement.Cleaning and unclogging is a kind of cleaning statistical; the canvas being completely swept after a multitude of turns rotation while scrolling.

    L'invention permet ainsi un nettoyage préventif de la toile. Du fait du balayage, la toile peut conserver une propreté globale évitant la constitution d'amas de débris par accumulation.The invention thus allows a preventive cleaning of the fabric. Due to sweeping, the canvas can maintain a global cleanliness avoiding the constitution accumulation of debris.

    Le système de pilotage peut être réglé pour éviter un effet de couplage périodique pour lequel la vitesse de déplacement de la toile et la fréquence des allers retours du chariot conduirait à ne balayer qu'une bande donnée de la toile. Pour cela le système de pilotage peut jouer en priorité sur la vitesse de déplacement du bâti, la vitesse de défilement de la toile étant elle dépendante de l'efficacité du séchage à obtenir.The control system can be adjusted to avoid a coupling effect period for which the speed of movement of the fabric and the frequency of back and forth from the cart would lead to sweeping only a given band of the canvas. For this, the control system can play first and foremost on the speed of displacement of the frame, the scrolling speed of the canvas being dependent on it the drying efficiency to obtain.

    Comme représenté en figure 3, le dispositif peut comporter des moyens 50 de mesure de perméabilité en continu de la toile. Ces moyens peuvent être constitués par un dispositif 51 d'aspiration couplé à un capteur 52 de dépression mesurant la quantité d'air pouvant être évacuée au travers de la toile. Le dispositif peut se déplacer de manière transversale par rapport à la toile, le capteur de dépression étant raccordé au système de pilotage.As represented in FIG. 3, the device can comprise means 50 continuous permeability measurement of the fabric. These means can be constituted by a suction device 51 coupled to a sensor 52 of depression measuring the amount of air that can be evacuated through the canvas. The device can move transversely with respect to the canvas, the vacuum sensor being connected to the control system.

    Le système 21, 22 de pilotage de la tête 4 d'irradiation peut dans ce cas être programmé pour être apte à positionner la tête en fonction de mesures de perméabilité de sorte de nettoyer une succession de zones de la toile en fonction de leur encrassement relatif. Une telle solution peut permettre d'insister sur une zone fortement encrassée et de passer rapidement sur des zones non encrassées.The system 21, 22 for controlling the irradiation head 4 can in this case case be programmed to be able to position the head according to permeability measurements so clean up a succession of areas of the canvas according to their relative fouling. Such a solution may allow to insist on a heavily fouled area and to move quickly on unclogged areas.

    En revenant sur la figure 1, dans le cas où deux toiles sont utilisées, comme le dispositif de nettoyage laser est un dispositif de nettoyage à sec, les bâtis 5a, 5b mobiles peuvent être positionnés n'importe ou sur les brins de retour de la toile et notamment peuvent être disposés à proximité d'un premier cylindre sécheur 20a, 20b de la batterie de sécheurs.Returning to FIG. 1, in the case where two canvases are used, as the laser cleaning device is a dry cleaning device, mobile frames 5a, 5b can be positioned anywhere on the strands of back of the canvas and in particular may be arranged near a first dryer cylinder 20a, 20b of the dryer battery.

    Dans le cas d'une chaíne de séchage comportant deux toiles, un même laser peut, à l'aide d'un dispositif de dédoublement de faisceaux de type connu, servir de source lumineuse pour deux têtes d'irradiation montées chacune sur un bâti 5a, 5b de façon à nettoyer deux toiles simultanément.In the case of a drying line comprising two canvases, the same laser can, using a beam splitting device of the type known, serve as a light source for two mounted irradiation heads each on a frame 5a, 5b so as to clean two paintings simultaneously.

    Le bâti 5 ou les bâtis 5a, 5b mobiles se déplaçant dans une direction D1 transversale au déplacement D2 de la toile 1, 1a, 1b sur la batterie de sécheurs peut sans sortir du cadre de l'invention se déplacer selon une direction perpendiculaire au sens de déplacement de la toile ou selon un angle non nul par rapport à cette direction D2 de déplacement en fonction des contraintes de positionnement du support 30 sur lequel se déplace le bâti.The frame 5 or the mobile frames 5a, 5b moving in a direction D1 transverse to the displacement D2 of the fabric 1, 1a, 1b on the battery of driers can without departing from the scope of the invention move according to a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the canvas or at an angle not zero with respect to this direction D2 of displacement according to positioning constraints of the support 30 on which the frame moves.

    Claims (11)

    Dispositif de nettoyage et de décolmatage à sec en continu de toiles (1, 1a, 1b) de sécherie sur une chaíne (2) de séchage pour papier (3) caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une tête (4) d'irradiation laser positionnée sur un bâti (5) mobile se déplaçant dans une direction (D1) transversale au déplacement (D2) de la toile (1, 1 a, 1 b) sur la chaíne de séchage.Device for continuously cleaning and unclogging dryer fabrics (1, 1a, 1b) on a drying line (2) for paper (3), characterized in that it comprises a laser irradiation head (4) positioned on a frame (5) movable moving in a direction (D1) transverse to the movement (D2) of the fabric (1, 1 a, 1 b) on the drying line. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la tête (4) d'irradiation laser comporte un système optique (6) de focalisation, en regard d'une première extrémité d'un guide d'onde optique (7, 7a, 7b), un poste laser (8) étant raccordé à la seconde extrémité du guide d'onde optique (7, 7a, 7b).Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the laser irradiation head (4) comprises an optical focusing system (6) facing a first end of an optical waveguide (7, 7a, 7b). , a laser station (8) being connected to the second end of the optical waveguide (7, 7a, 7b). Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le poste laser (8) comprend un laser à solide fournissant des impulsions d'énergie.Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the laser station (8) comprises a solid state laser providing pulses of energy. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que le laser est un laser multimode.Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the laser is a multimode laser. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4 caractérisé en ce que le système optique (6) focalise sur la toile une tache de section carrée.Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 characterized in that the optical system (6) focuses on the canvas a spot of square section. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5 caractérisé en ce que la tête (4) d'irradiation est pourvue d'un carter (9) de protection fermant un espace entre le système optique (6) de focalisation et la toile (1).Device according to any one of claims 2 to 5 characterized in that the irradiation head (4) is provided with a protective casing (9) closing a space between the focusing optical system (6) and the fabric ( 1). Dispositif selon la revendication 6 caractérisé en ce que le carter (9) est pourvu de moyens (10) de récupération de résidus contaminant tels qu'une buse (11) d'aspiration à proximité du système optique (6) de focalisation.Device according to claim 6 characterized in that the housing (9) is provided with means (10) for the recovery of contaminant residues such as a suction nozzle (11) in the vicinity of the optical focusing system (6). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le bâti (5) mobile est disposé d'un côté de la toile, un bac (12) de protection et de récupération de déchets étant disposé de l'autre côté de la toile (1) en regard du parcours de déplacement du bâti. Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the frame (5) movable is disposed on one side of the fabric, a tray (12) for protection and waste recovery being disposed on the other side of the fabric (1) next to the course of movement of the frame. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (50) de mesure de perméabilité en continu et un système (21, 22) de pilotage de la tête (4) d'irradiation apte à positionner la tête en fonction de mesures de perméabilité de sorte de nettoyer une succession de zones de la toile en fonction de leur encrassement relatif.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (50) for measuring continuous permeability and a system (21, 22) for controlling the irradiation head (4) capable of positioning the head according to permeability measurements so as to clean a succession of areas of the fabric according to their relative fouling. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le bâti (5) mobile est animé de mouvements de va et vient pendant le déplacement de la toile (1) de sorte de nettoyer une succession de surfaces élémentaires alignées selon des segments (13, 13') inclinés par rapport à l'axe de défilement (D2) de la toile, la toile étant entièrement balayée au bout d'une multitude de tours de rotation de la toile.Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the frame (5) movable is moved back and forth during the movement of the fabric (1) so as to clean a succession of elementary surfaces aligned in segments (13). , 13 ') inclined relative to the scroll axis (D2) of the fabric, the fabric being fully scanned at the end of a multitude of turns of rotation of the fabric. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le bâti (5a, 5b) mobile est positionné à proximité d'un premier cylindre sécheur (20a, 20b) de la chaíne de séchage.Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the frame (5a, 5b) movable is positioned near a first drying cylinder (20a, 20b) of the drying line.
    EP04104799A 2003-10-01 2004-09-30 Device for cleaning fabrics, in particular dryer fabrics for the papermaking industry Withdrawn EP1520928A1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0311504A FR2860526B1 (en) 2003-10-01 2003-10-01 DEVICE FOR CLEANING CANVAS, IN PARTICULAR DRY WEBS, USED IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY
    FR0311504 2003-10-01

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    EP1520928A1 true EP1520928A1 (en) 2005-04-06

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    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2383387A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-02 Swen Müller Method for cleaning a circulating fabric in a paper or board machine

    Citations (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US5783044A (en) * 1995-02-24 1998-07-21 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Belt cleaning device for papermaking machines
    WO2002020901A1 (en) * 2000-09-06 2002-03-14 Metso Paper, Inc. Method and equipment for cleaning and maintaining rolls

    Patent Citations (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US5783044A (en) * 1995-02-24 1998-07-21 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Belt cleaning device for papermaking machines
    WO2002020901A1 (en) * 2000-09-06 2002-03-14 Metso Paper, Inc. Method and equipment for cleaning and maintaining rolls

    Cited By (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2383387A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-02 Swen Müller Method for cleaning a circulating fabric in a paper or board machine
    DE102010028309A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 Swen Müller Sieve belt for a paper or board machine
    DE102010028309B4 (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-12-08 Swen Müller Sieve belt for a paper or board machine

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    FR2860526B1 (en) 2006-09-29
    FR2860526A1 (en) 2005-04-08

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