EP1501060B1 - Un dispositif d'alarme de fumée - Google Patents

Un dispositif d'alarme de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1501060B1
EP1501060B1 EP04394048A EP04394048A EP1501060B1 EP 1501060 B1 EP1501060 B1 EP 1501060B1 EP 04394048 A EP04394048 A EP 04394048A EP 04394048 A EP04394048 A EP 04394048A EP 1501060 B1 EP1501060 B1 EP 1501060B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm
interconnect interface
alarm device
smoke alarm
smoke
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EP04394048A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1501060A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Byrne
Fergus Flynn
Keith Fawcett
James Duignan
Michael Guinee
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EI Technology Ltd
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EI Technology Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/003—Address allocation methods and details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to smoke alarm devices. This term should be interpreted to include any device for detecting fire or fire potential, for detecting smoke, gas, or heat.
  • US 5587705 describes a battery powered smoke detector which communicates via RF with other detectors.
  • the invention is directed towards providing for simplified device installation.
  • the radiation is radio frequency radiation.
  • the interconnect interface uses frequency modulation.
  • the interconnect interface activates an LED in successive flashes to indicate the count.
  • the activation is repeated at successive intervals such as 5 seconds.
  • the interconnect interface is factory programmed with a unique device identifier code, during house coding it transmits said code and receives codes from other devices and saves them to a register, and generates the user indication according to the number of codes in the register.
  • the interconnect interface recognises a received common default serial code and transmits said code in absence of house coding.
  • the interconnect interface is programmable to operate as a repeater of an alarm signal.
  • the interconnect interface modifies a received alarm signal before repeating it, to indicate that it is not original, and does not repeat alarm signals having a non-original indicating code.
  • the interconnect interface wakes at pre-programmed intervals according to a timer, and an alarm trigger signal indicating an alarm condition transmitted by said interface is longer then said interval, and the circuit remains in wake mode until alarming ceases.
  • the interface generates an alarm cancel signal a pre-set time after ceasing sensing an alarm condition.
  • the interface ceases outputting an alarm output after expiry of a time-out period after sensing of an alarm condition.
  • the device comprises an antenna, and means for moving the antenna between a retracted position and an extended position.
  • the antenna in the retracted position extends peripherally in an arc within part of a housing of the device.
  • the interconnect interface is housed within a modular base of the device, and the device further comprises an alarm unit for connection to the base.
  • the base contains an independent back-up battery.
  • the base comprises an interconnect interface activation switch configured to turn on when the alarm unit is secured to the base.
  • the base and the alarm unit are configured for sliding push-fit interconnection, and the activation switch protrudes from a plane of the base so that it is pressed down as the alarm unit is fitted.
  • the interconnect interface communicates with a message signal unit having a pre-defined fixed length, and it repeats signal units to build up to a desired transmission time.
  • each message signal unit comprises a plurality of fields including a device identifier code.
  • the fields include a code field indicating nature of the message, and a checksum field.
  • a number of smoke alarm devices 1 to 7 are mounted in a number of rooms in a building.
  • the devices 1 are mains-powered. However there is wireless communication between the devices for enhanced fire/smoke warning capability and ease of installation.
  • the wireless communication is performed by a transceiver within each device 1, and the modulation is FM, at a frequency of 868MHz.
  • the communication protocol is unique to networks of devices 1 and allows a large amount of information to be conveyed in a short communication duty cycle of 0.004%.
  • the device 4 is configured by the installer to be a repeater unit. This merely involves an input for microcontroller software configuration.
  • a modular base 10 of a device is shown.
  • the base 10 is secured to a wall or ceiling, and a smoke alarm unit is pushed translationally for simultaneous mechanical and electrical interconnection so that mains power wired to the base 10 is delivered to the alarm unit.
  • This is in principle as described in our prior European Patent Specification No. EP1045354 .
  • the base 10 does much more than provide mains power. It contains an interconnect interface 30 for radio frequency (RF) communication with the other devices within its network. It also contains its own rechargeable power supply.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the base 10 comprises a base plate 12 having holes for securing to a ceiling or wall using screw fasteners. It also has an opening 13 for receiving mains power cables, which are connected to input terminals in a terminal block 20.
  • an antenna 15 is initially curved around the periphery of the base 10.
  • a frangible tab 16 allows it to be pulled out so that it extends outwardly, such as radially.
  • Figs. 3(a) and 3(b) show preferred mutual orientations for the devices closest to each other, while Fig. 3(c) shows a poor mutual orientation.
  • the antennae 15 may not need to be extended. If extension is required, the preferred orientations are as illustrated.
  • the antenna arrangement allows excellent versatility.
  • the terminal block 20 has output terminals 21 for push-fit connection with terminal spades of the alarm unit.
  • the RF interconnect capability can be retro-fitted to existing alarm units of the push fit, type (as described in our prior EP1045354 ).
  • the interconnect circuit contained within the base 10 is automatically powered up by its own battery because a protruding switch 25 is pressed down when the alarm unit slides over the base 10 during push-fitting.
  • An OFF button 26 is also provided. This does not protrude, and is operated manually whenever the smoke alarm unit is removed from the base 10.
  • the base 10 also comprises a "house-coding" switch 28 connected to a ramped actuator 27 which is accessible from the side using a screwdriver or similar tool pushed through an aperture 29 in the side wall.
  • the base 10 includes the interconnect interface circuit 30 and power supply for interconnect functions.
  • Input mains terminals 31 on one side of the terminal block 20 are connected to mains cables.
  • a DC rectifier 32 supplies a regulator 34, in turn providing a 3.3V DC output for circuit operation. It also supplies a charging circuit 35, which provides a 6.6V DC charging potential to Lithium rechargeable batteries 36. Back-up power is provided by the Lithium rechargeable batteries 36.
  • a DC rail 37 provides power for a transceiver 38 connected to the antenna 15.
  • a 5-bit bus 39 links the transceiver 38 to a PIC microcontroller 40.
  • the microcontroller 40 is connected by a link 41 to an output terminal 41 is the block 20 for communication with the alarm unit control circuit.
  • the house coding switch 28 is connected to the mircrocontroller 40.
  • the basic modulation parameters for the transceiver 38 are outlined above. In more detail, and referring to Fig. 6, the coding protocol includes the following segments:
  • the message codes 41 are: F5, fire; C8, remote test; D5, alarm off; EB, remote hush; CA, learn mode; FC, remote locate; DB, standby F2, low battery; and D2, button test; C5, optical chamber degradation
  • serial number includes the year and week of manufacture together with a four-digit code. This gives a very large number of possible codes, so that there is in practice almost no chance of interference with a neighbouring alarm device wireless network.
  • the microcontroller 40 is programmed in software to perform the interconnect operations.
  • each device 1 To install each device 1, an electrician connects the mains cables to the terminals in the block 20 and then slides the alarm unit until its terminal spades engage in the terminals 21. A screwdriver is then inserted into the slot 29 to contact the house coding switch ramp 27. This is repeated for all devices 1 of the network within a 15 minute timeframe. When activating the house coding switch 28, the electrician must wait until an amber LED is activated. He or she then checks that all devices 1 have communicated with each other by counting the number of times the amber light flashes on each device in turn. For example, if there are eight devices in the network, there should be eight flashes within a five-second period repeated every 5 seconds in each device.
  • each device transmits every 5 seconds a signal stating that it is in the house coding mode and also transmitting its unique serial number. This is factory programmed to ROM. Every 5 seconds each unit will flash a light (e.g. a blue LED) to indicate the number of units it has identified. If it has not identified any unit, it will just flash once indicating there is just one unit, itself, in the network. As it detects a second unit it will flash twice, and so on. So, by simply checking that each of the 12 units is flashing its light 12 times, every 5 seconds, the installer can confirm that they are all operating.
  • a light e.g. a blue LED
  • each device saves in a register each successive serial number it receives. At the end of house coding each device should therefore store in its register a serial number for every other device of the network.
  • a further feature is that while the units are in the house coding mode they will only acknowledge signals that are about 10 dB higher than its normal signal threshold. This helps to ensure that small reductions in the RF signal strength due for example, to furniture being moved or renovations will not lead to a loss of communication.
  • the interconnect circuit 30 is programmed so that all units will communicate with each other as shipped using a default serial number "000 0001". If there is likely to be a potential problem with neighbouring units, there is a simple way (described above) of coding the units so they communicate with their own units, but ignore communications from other systems. Thus, the unique code of each device stored in its ROM is accessed only if the house coding switch is pressed.
  • the installer can take a unit out of the program mode by repeating the sequence that caused it to go into program mode (e.g. 3 presses of the test button or pressing the program switch). Later on, further units can be added to the system by installing them and then simply putting the new units along with all the old units into program mode. If it is necessary to clear all the codes learned (e.g. if a unit was being transferred to a new system, or after a preliminary test) this can be done by simply holding the house code button down for 6 seconds, until the LED starts flashing. It could also alternatively be done by powering up the unit while holding down the house code switch - however this may be more awkward. On units with a separate program switch it can be done by powering up the unit while holding down the program switch.
  • the device 1 may be in a building extension connected to the remainder of the building by an external wall and possibly having foil-backed plaster-board.
  • all circuits 30 have the software capability to act as repeaters. The installer configures a selected device to be a repeater by holding the test button until the RF signal is being sent, (as indicated by the LED being on for 3.5 seconds), and then while the RF is being sent to press the house code switch. This well-defined procedure ensures a unit will not be made into a repeater inadvertently.
  • the microcontroller 40 automatically re-broadcasts each alarm trigger message if it has been configured to act as a repeater. However, before doing so it flips the code in field 43 to indicate that the message is not original. Thus, a device in a "blind” location potentially receives the original alarm trigger message broadcast by the device which detected smoke and also the repeated one. Because field 43 has been "flipped" it is not repeated by the repeater device and the possible problem of perpetual broadcast of the alarm trigger message is avoided. Thus, by careful selection of the location of the repeater device or devices there is full coverage because there are multiple paths to even devices in "blind" locations.
  • a timer in each circuit 30 "wakes" the circuit every 1.8 seconds.
  • the trigger signal has a total duration of 3.5 seconds, thus ensuring that all devices can receive it.
  • the actual message transmission takes 10ms, and so the trigger message is a message unit with the message code field 41 indicating alarm, repeated 350 times. Thereafter the unit sensing smoke transmits a continuing alarm message of 50ms duration (5 message units) every 5 seconds. These are all repeated by each repeater device, with the field 43 flipped.
  • the microcontroller 40 is programmed to transmit a cancel message of 3.5 seconds duration, each message unit having a cancel code in the field 41. Also, each microcontroller 40 is programmed to cancel an alarm after absence of an alarm signal for 1 minute.
  • the circuit 30 may also transmit an RF signal in a proprietary protocol or Bluetooth, for example, to a mobile network to cause one or more mobile stations to sound and possibly also to display text message. Also, it is envisaged that the circuits may transmit wirelessly status update signals to a control controller of the network. Such a controller could accordingly display basic status data such as fire alarm, battery-low, or system-OK status levels.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée (1-7) comprenant un détecteur d'incendie, un circuit d'alarme pour déterminer le moment auquel il existe un état d'alarme, et pour générer une alarme, ainsi qu'une interface d'interconnexion (30) pour communiquer avec d'autres dispositifs d'alarme montés dans un réseau, cas dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion communique sans fil, par rayonnement,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    l'interface d'interconnexion comporte des moyens (40) servant à tester automatiquement l'intégrité de la communication d'interconnexion parmi les dispositifs faisant partie d'un réseau;
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) comporte des moyens (40) servant à générer une sortie Utilisateur, par exemple l'activation d'une DEL, afin d'indiquer l'état de test;
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) comporte des moyens (28, 40) servant à activer un codage local pour un réseau de dispositifs en réaction à la saisie d'un utilisateur ; et
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) conserve un décompte du nombre de dispositifs à partir desquels elle a reçu un signal de codage local, et indique le décompte à l'utilisateur.
  2. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le rayonnement est un rayonnement à radiofréquence.
  3. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion utilise la modulation de fréquence.
  4. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion (30) active une DEL en la faisant clignoter successivement afin d'indiquer le décompte.
  5. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'activation est répétée à des intervalles successifs, par exemple 5 secondes.
  6. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion (30, 40) est programmée en usine avec un code identificateur inédit de dispositif, pendant le codage local elle émet ledit code et reçoit les codes provenant des autres dispositifs et les sauvegarde dans un registre, et génère l'indication Utilisateur en fonction du nombre de codes présents dans le registre.
  7. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion (30, 40) reconnaît un code série de défaut commun qui a été reçu et transmet ledit code en l'absence du codage local.
  8. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion (30, 40) est programmable afin d'opérer en tant que répéteur d'un signal d'alarme.
  9. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion modifie un signal d'alarme reçu avant de le répéter, afin d'indiquer que ce n'est pas un signal d'origine, et ne répète pas les signaux d'alarme ayant un code indicateur qui n'est pas d'origine.
  10. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion (30, 40) s'active suivant des intervalles pré-programmés en fonction d'une minuterie, et un signal de déclenchement d'alarme indiquant un état d'alarme transmis par ladite interface est plus long que ledit intervalle, et le circuit reste en mode actif jusqu'à ce que l'alarme cesse.
  11. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'interface (30, 40) génère un signal d'annulation d'alarme à un moment préréglé une fois qu'elle a cessé de détecter un état d'alarme.
  12. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'interface (30, 40) cesse de fournir une sortie d'alarme après expiration d'une période de dépassement de temps imparti une fois qu'un état d'alarme a été détecté.
  13. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif comprend une antenne (15), et des moyens servant à déplacer l'antenne entre une position rétractée et une position étendue.
  14. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 13, dans lequel en position rétractée l'antenne (15) s'étend dans un plan périphérique en décrivant un arc à l'intérieur d'une partie du logement du dispositif, et le dispositif comporte en outre une unité d'alarme en vue d'une connexion sur le socle.
  15. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion est logée à l'intérieur d'un socle modulaire (10) du dispositif.
  16. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 15, dans lequel le socle contient une batterie de secours indépendante.
  17. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon les revendication 15 ou 16, dans lequel le socle comporte un commutateur d'activation de l'interface d'interconnexion lequel est configuré de façon à se mettre en circuit une fois que l'unité d'alarme est fixée sur le socle.
  18. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 17, dans lequel le socle et l'unité d'alarme sont également configurés pour permettre une interconnexion coulissante par ajustement gras, et le commutateur d'activation dépasse d'un plan du socle de sorte qu'il est soumis à une pression vers le bas au fur et à mesure que l'unité d'alarme est installée.
  19. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'interface d'interconnexion communique à l'aide d'une unité de signalisation de messages ayant une longueur fixe prédéfinie, et assure la répétition des unités de signalisation afin de parvenir à une durée de transmission désirée en fonction des informations en cours d'acheminement.
  20. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 19, dans lequel chaque unité de signalisation de messages comprend une pluralité de champs (41-45) incluant un code identificateur de dispositif.
  21. Dispositif d'alarme de fumée, selon la revendication 20, dans lequel les champs comportent un champ à code lequel indique la nature du message, ainsi qu'un champ à total de contrôle.
  22. Socle modulaire (10) d'alarme de fumée comprenant un logement, une interface d'interconnexion destinée à une communication sans fil avec d'autres dispositifs faisant partie d'un réseau, et des bornes secteur permettant la connexion à des câbles secteurs sur l'un des côtés, et à une unité d'alarme sur l'autre côté, ainsi que des bornes de signalisation permettant de communiquer l'état d'alarme à une unité d'alarme à laquelle elle est connectée afin de compléter le dispositif d'alarme, dans lequel
    l'interface d'interconnexion comporte des moyens (40) servant à tester automatiquement l'intégrité de la communication d'interconnexion parmi les dispositifs faisant partie d'un réseau ;
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) comporte des moyens (40) servant à générer une sortie Utilisateur, par exemple l'activation d'une DEL, afin d'indiquer l'état de test ;
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) comporte des moyens (28, 40) servant à activer un codage local pour un réseau de dispositifs en réaction à la saisie d'un utilisateur ; et
    l'interface d'interconnexion (30) conserve un décompte du nombre de dispositifs à partir desquels elle a reçu un signal de codage local, et indique le décompte à l'utilisateur.
EP04394048A 2003-07-25 2004-07-26 Un dispositif d'alarme de fumée Active EP1501060B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE20030551 2003-07-25
IE20030551 2003-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1501060A1 EP1501060A1 (fr) 2005-01-26
EP1501060B1 true EP1501060B1 (fr) 2007-11-21

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EP (1) EP1501060B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602004010202T2 (fr)
IE (1) IES20040503A2 (fr)

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GB2423397A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-23 Locca Tech Ltd Wireless smoke alarm system
CA2597090A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Locca Tech Ltd Systeme de detection de fumee et d'alarme incendie commandable a distance sans fil
EP1710765A1 (fr) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-11 Siemens Schweiz AG Système radio de signalement de danger
WO2006116800A1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 Ian Maxwell Griffiths Appareil d'urgence avec declencheur distant
DE102006025735A1 (de) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg Überwachungseinrichtung
IE20070679A1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-04-30 E I Technology Ltd Alarm systems
CN101978401B (zh) * 2008-03-24 2013-03-20 报知机株式会社 警报器
AU2008356084B2 (en) 2008-05-08 2013-09-26 Hochiki Corporation Alarm
EP2401726B1 (fr) * 2009-02-27 2014-01-15 Panasonic Corporation Système de surveillance pour la sécurité à domicile
FR2973545B1 (fr) 2011-03-31 2013-04-12 Finsecur Dispositif de declenchement d'alarme pour un systeme de securite et procede d'installation d'un dispositif de declenchement d'alarme
EP2581891B8 (fr) 2011-10-12 2015-12-30 E.I. Technology Réseau maillé de dispositif d'alarme RF à faible courant
EP2843636B1 (fr) 2013-08-23 2018-06-13 E.I. Technology Surveillance et commande de systèmes d'alarme
US9875644B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-01-23 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Master slave wireless fire alarm and mass notification system

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US5587705A (en) * 1994-08-29 1996-12-24 Morris; Gary J. Multiple alert smoke detector
US6078269A (en) * 1997-11-10 2000-06-20 Safenight Technology Inc. Battery-powered, RF-interconnected detector sensor system
US6420973B2 (en) * 1999-01-23 2002-07-16 James Acevedo Wireless smoke detection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1501060A1 (fr) 2005-01-26
DE602004010202D1 (de) 2008-01-03
IE20040505A1 (en) 2005-03-23
IES20040503A2 (en) 2005-03-23
DE602004010202T2 (de) 2008-09-25

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