EP1501060A1 - Un dispositif d'alarm de fumée - Google Patents

Un dispositif d'alarm de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1501060A1
EP1501060A1 EP04394048A EP04394048A EP1501060A1 EP 1501060 A1 EP1501060 A1 EP 1501060A1 EP 04394048 A EP04394048 A EP 04394048A EP 04394048 A EP04394048 A EP 04394048A EP 1501060 A1 EP1501060 A1 EP 1501060A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm device
alarm
smoke alarm
interconnect interface
smoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04394048A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1501060B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Byrne
Fergus Flynn
Keith Fawcett
James Duignan
Michael Guinee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EI Technology Ltd
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EI Technology Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1501060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1501060A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1501060B1 publication Critical patent/EP1501060B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/003—Address allocation methods and details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to smoke alarm devices. This term should be interpreted to include any device for detecting fire or fire potential, for detecting smoke, gas, or heat.
  • the invention is directed towards providing for simplified device installation.
  • a smoke alarm device comprising a fire sensor, an alarm circuit for determining when an alarm condition exists and for generating an alarm, and an interconnect interface for communicating with other alarm devices in a network, characterised in that the interconnect interface communicates wirelessly, by radiation.
  • the invention also provides a smoke alarm modular base comprising a housing, an interconnect interface for wireless communication with other devices in a network, and mains terminals for connection on one side to mains cables and on the other side to an alarm unit, and signal terminals for alarm status communication with an alarm unit with which it is connected to complete an alarm device.
  • the radiation is radio frequency radiation.
  • the interconnect interface uses frequency modulation.
  • the interconnect interface comprises means for automatically testing integrity of interconnect communication among devices in a network.
  • the interconnect interface comprises means for generating a user output, such as activating an LED, to indicate testing status.
  • the interconnect interface comprises means for activating house coding for a network of devices in response to a user input.
  • the interconnect interface maintains a count of the number of devices from which it has received a house-coding signal, and indicates the count to the user.
  • the interconnect interface activates an LED in successive flashes to indicate the count.
  • the activation is repeated at successive intervals such as 5 seconds.
  • the interconnect interface is factory programmed with a unique device identifier code, during house coding it transmits said code and receives codes from other devices and saves them to a register, and generates the user indication according to the number of codes in the register.
  • the interconnect interface recognises a received common default serial code and transmits said code in absence of house coding.
  • the interconnect interface is programmable to operate as a repeater of an alarm signal.
  • the interconnect interface modifies a received alarm signal before repeating it, to indicate that it is not original, and does not repeat alarm signals having a non-original indicating code.
  • the interconnect interface wakes at pre-programmed intervals according to a timer, and an alarm trigger signal indicating an alarm condition transmitted by said interface is longer then said interval, and the circuit remains in wake mode until alarming ceases.
  • the interface generates an alarm cancel signal a pre-set time after ceasing sensing an alarm condition.
  • the interface ceases outputting an alarm output after expiry of a time-out period after sensing of an alarm condition.
  • the device comprises an antenna, and means for moving the antenna between a retracted position and an extended position.
  • the antenna in the retracted position extends peripherally in an arc within part of a housing of the device.
  • the interconnect interface is housed within a modular base of the device, and the device further comprises an alarm unit for connection to the base.
  • the base contains an independent back-up battery.
  • the base comprises an interconnect interface activation switch configured to turn on when the alarm unit is secured to the base.
  • the base and the alarm unit are configured for sliding push-fit interconnection, and the activation switch protrudes from a plane of the base so that it is pressed down as the alarm unit is fitted.
  • the interconnect interface communicates with a message signal unit having a pre-defined fixed length, and it repeats signal units to build up to a desired transmission time.
  • each message signal unit comprises a plurality of fields including a device identifier code.
  • the fields include a code field indicating nature of the message, and a checksum field.
  • a number of smoke alarm devices 1 to 7 are mounted in a number of rooms in a building.
  • the devices 1 are mains-powered. However there is wireless communication between the devices for enhanced fire/smoke warning capability and ease of installation.
  • the wireless communication is performed by a transceiver within each device 1, and the modulation is FM, at a frequency of 868MHz.
  • the communication protocol is unique to networks of devices 1 and allows a large amount of information to be conveyed in a short communication duty cycle of 0.004%.
  • the device 4 is configured by the installer to be a repeater unit. This merely involves an input for microcontroller software configuration.
  • a modular base 10 of a device is shown.
  • the base 10 is secured to a wall or ceiling, and a smoke alarm unit is pushed translationally for simultaneous mechanical and electrical interconnection so that mains power wired to the base 10 is delivered to the alarm unit.
  • a smoke alarm unit is pushed translationally for simultaneous mechanical and electrical interconnection so that mains power wired to the base 10 is delivered to the alarm unit.
  • This is in principle as described in our prior European Patent Specification No. EP1045354.
  • the base 10 does much more than provide mains power. It contains an interconnect interface 30 for radio frequency (RF) communication with the other devices within its network. It also contains its own rechargeable power supply.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the base 10 comprises a base plate 12 having holes for securing to a ceiling or wall using screw fasteners. It also has an opening 13 for receiving mains power cables, which are connected to input terminals in a terminal block 20.
  • an antenna 15 is initially curved around the periphery of the base 10.
  • a frangible tab 16 allows it to be pulled out so that it extends outwardly, such as radially.
  • Figs. 3(a) and 3(b) show preferred mutual orientations for the devices closest to each other, while Fig. 3(c) shows a poor mutual orientation.
  • the antennae 15 may not need to be extended. If extension is required, the preferred orientations are as illustrated.
  • the antenna arrangement allows excellent versatility.
  • the terminal block 20 has output terminals 21 for push-fit connection with terminal spades of the alarm unit.
  • the RF interconnect capability can be retro-fitted to existing alarm units of the push fit, type (as described in our prior EP1045354).
  • the interconnect circuit contained within the base 10 is automatically powered up by its own battery because a protruding switch 25 is pressed down when the alarm unit slides over the base 10 during push-fitting.
  • An OFF button 26 is also provided. This does not protrude, and is operated manually whenever the smoke alarm unit is removed from the base 10.
  • the base 10 also comprises a "house-coding" switch 28 connected to a ramped actuator 27 which is accessible from the side using a screwdriver or similar tool pushed through an aperture 29 in the side wall.
  • the base 10 includes the interconnect interface circuit 30 and power supply for interconnect functions.
  • Input mains terminals 31 on one side of the terminal block 20 are connected to mains cables.
  • a DC rectifier 32 supplies a regulator 34, in turn providing a 3.3V DC output for circuit operation. It also supplies a charging circuit 35, which provides a 6.6V DC charging potential to Lithium rechargeable batteries 36. Back-up power is provided by the Lithium rechargeable batteries 36.
  • a DC rail 37 provides power for a transceiver 38 connected to the antenna 15.
  • a 5-bit bus 39 links the transceiver 38 to a PIC microcontroller 40.
  • the microcontroller 40 is connected by a link 41 to an output terminal 41 is the block 20 for communication with the alarm unit control circuit.
  • the house coding switch 28 is connected to the mircrocontroller 40.
  • the basic modulation parameters for the transceiver 38 are outlined above. In more detail, and referring to Fig. 6, the coding protocol includes the following segments:
  • the message codes 41 are: F5, fire; C8, remote test; D5, alarm off; EB, remote hush; CA, learn mode; FC, remote locate; DB, standby F2, low battery; and D2, button test; C5, optical chamber degradation
  • serial number includes the year and week of manufacture together with a four-digit code. This gives a very large number of possible codes, so that there is in practice almost no chance of interference with a neighbouring alarm device wireless network.
  • the microcontroller 40 is programmed in software to perform the interconnect operations.
  • each device 1 To install each device 1, an electrician connects the mains cables to the terminals in the block 20 and then slides the alarm unit until its terminal spades engage in the terminals 21. A screwdriver is then inserted into the slot 29 to contact the house coding switch ramp 27. This is repeated for all devices 1 of the network within a 15 minute timeframe. When activating the house coding switch 28, the electrician must wait until an amber LED is activated. He or she then checks that all devices 1 have communicated with each other by counting the number of times the amber light flashes on each device in turn. For example, if there are eight devices in the network, there should be eight flashes within a five-second period repeated every 5 seconds in each device.
  • each device transmits every 5 seconds a signal stating that it is in the house coding mode and also transmitting its unique serial number. This is factory programmed to ROM. Every 5 seconds each unit will flash a light (e.g. a blue LED) to indicate the number of units it has identified. If it has not identified any unit, it will just flash once indicating there is just one unit, itself, in the network. As it detects a second unit it will flash twice, and so on. So, by simply checking that each of the 12 units is flashing its light 12 times, every 5 seconds, the installer can confirm that they are all operating.
  • a light e.g. a blue LED
  • each device saves in a register each successive serial number it receives. At the end of house coding each device should therefore store in its register a serial number for every other device of the network.
  • a further feature is that while the units are in the house coding mode they will only acknowledge signals that are about 10 dB higher than its normal signal threshold. This helps to ensure that small reductions in the RF signal strength due for example, to furniture being moved or renovations will not lead to a loss of communication.
  • the interconnect circuit 30 is programmed so that all units will communicate with each other as shipped using a default serial number "000 0001". If there is likely to be a potential problem with neighbouring units, there is a simple way (described above) of coding the units so they communicate with their own units, but ignore communications from other systems. Thus, the unique code of each device stored in its ROM is accessed only if the house coding switch is pressed.
  • the installer can take a unit out of the program mode by repeating the sequence that caused it to go into program mode (e.g. 3 presses of the test button or pressing the program switch). Later on, further units can be added to the system by installing them and then simply putting the new units along with all the old units into program mode. If it is necessary to clear all the codes learned (e.g. if a unit was being transferred to a new system, or after a preliminary test) this can be done by simply holding the house code button down for 6 seconds, until the LED starts flashing. It could also alternatively be done by powering up the unit while holding down the house code switch - however this may be more awkward. On units with a separate program switch it can be done by powering up the unit while holding down the program switch.
  • the device 1 may be in a building extension connected to the remainder of the building by an external wall and possibly having foil-backed plaster-board.
  • all circuits 30 have the software capability to act as repeaters. The installer configures a selected device to be a repeater by holding the test button until the RF signal is being sent, (as indicated by the LED being on for 3.5 seconds), and then while the RF is being sent to press the house code switch. This well-defined procedure ensures a unit will not be made into a repeater inadvertently.
  • the microcontroller 40 automatically re-broadcasts each alarm trigger message if it has been configured to act as a repeater. However, before doing so it flips the code in field 43 to indicate that the message is not original. Thus, a device in a "blind” location potentially receives the original alarm trigger message broadcast by the device which detected smoke and also the repeated one. Because field 43 has been "flipped" it is not repeated by the repeater device and the possible problem of perpetual broadcast of the alarm trigger message is avoided. Thus, by careful selection of the location of the repeater device or devices there is full coverage because there are multiple paths to even devices in "blind" locations.
  • a timer in each circuit 30 "wakes" the circuit every 1.8 seconds.
  • the trigger signal has a total duration of 3.5 seconds, thus ensuring that all devices can receive it.
  • the actual message transmission takes 10ms, and so the trigger message is a message unit with the message code field 41 indicating alarm, repeated 350 times. Thereafter the unit sensing smoke transmits a continuing alarm message of 50ms duration (5 message units) every 5 seconds. These are all repeated by each repeater device, with the field 43 flipped.
  • the microcontroller 40 is programmed to transmit a cancel message of 3.5 seconds duration, each message unit having a cancel code in the field 41. Also, each microcontroller 40 is programmed to cancel an alarm after absence of an alarm signal for 1 minute.
  • the circuit 30 may also transmit an RF signal in a proprietary protocol or Bluetooth, for example, to a mobile network to cause one or more mobile stations to sound and possibly also to display text message. Also, it is envisaged that the circuits may transmit wirelessly status update signals to a control controller of the network. Such a controller could accordingly display basic status data such as fire alarm, battery-low, or system-OK status levels.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP04394048A 2003-07-25 2004-07-26 Un dispositif d'alarme de fumée Active EP1501060B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE20030551 2003-07-25
IE20030551 2003-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1501060A1 true EP1501060A1 (fr) 2005-01-26
EP1501060B1 EP1501060B1 (fr) 2007-11-21

Family

ID=33485277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04394048A Active EP1501060B1 (fr) 2003-07-25 2004-07-26 Un dispositif d'alarme de fumée

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1501060B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602004010202T2 (fr)
IE (1) IES20040503A2 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2423397A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-23 Locca Tech Ltd Wireless smoke alarm system
WO2006087566A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Locca Tech Ltd Systeme de detection de fumee et d'alarme incendie commandable a distance sans fil
EP1710765A1 (fr) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-11 Siemens Schweiz AG Système radio de signalement de danger
WO2006116800A1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 Ian Maxwell Griffiths Appareil d'urgence avec declencheur distant
WO2007137564A1 (fr) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg Installation de surveillance
EP1903523A1 (fr) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 E.I. Technology Limited Systèmes d'alarme
WO2010097965A1 (fr) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Système de surveillance pour la sécurité à domicile
EP2264681A1 (fr) * 2008-03-24 2010-12-22 Hochiki Corporation Alarme
EP2581891A2 (fr) 2011-10-12 2013-04-17 E.I. Technology Limited Réseau maillé de dispositif d'alarme RF à faible courant
US8514074B2 (en) 2008-05-08 2013-08-20 Hochiki Corporation Alarm
EP2843636A1 (fr) 2013-08-23 2015-03-04 E.I. Technology Limited Surveillance et commande de systèmes d'alarme
EP2996099A1 (fr) * 2014-09-09 2016-03-16 Simplex Time Recorder Co. Système modulaire sans fil de notification d'évacuation de masse

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2973545B1 (fr) 2011-03-31 2013-04-12 Finsecur Dispositif de declenchement d'alarme pour un systeme de securite et procede d'installation d'un dispositif de declenchement d'alarme

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992004758A1 (fr) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Minitronics Pty. Ltd. Communications ameliorees et essais de systeme d'eclairage d'urgence
US5587705A (en) * 1994-08-29 1996-12-24 Morris; Gary J. Multiple alert smoke detector
US6078269A (en) * 1997-11-10 2000-06-20 Safenight Technology Inc. Battery-powered, RF-interconnected detector sensor system
US20010038336A1 (en) * 1999-01-23 2001-11-08 James Acevedo Wireless smoke detection system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992004758A1 (fr) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Minitronics Pty. Ltd. Communications ameliorees et essais de systeme d'eclairage d'urgence
US5587705A (en) * 1994-08-29 1996-12-24 Morris; Gary J. Multiple alert smoke detector
US6078269A (en) * 1997-11-10 2000-06-20 Safenight Technology Inc. Battery-powered, RF-interconnected detector sensor system
US20010038336A1 (en) * 1999-01-23 2001-11-08 James Acevedo Wireless smoke detection system

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006087566A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Locca Tech Ltd Systeme de detection de fumee et d'alarme incendie commandable a distance sans fil
GB2423397A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-23 Locca Tech Ltd Wireless smoke alarm system
EP1710765A1 (fr) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-11 Siemens Schweiz AG Système radio de signalement de danger
WO2006106037A1 (fr) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 Siemens Schweiz Ag Systeme d'alarme par radio
WO2006116800A1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 Ian Maxwell Griffiths Appareil d'urgence avec declencheur distant
WO2007137564A1 (fr) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg Installation de surveillance
EP1903523A1 (fr) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 E.I. Technology Limited Systèmes d'alarme
US8493203B2 (en) 2008-03-24 2013-07-23 Hochiki Corporation Alarm device
AU2009230304B2 (en) * 2008-03-24 2013-09-19 Hochiki Corporation Alarm Device
EP2264681A1 (fr) * 2008-03-24 2010-12-22 Hochiki Corporation Alarme
EP2264681A4 (fr) * 2008-03-24 2013-06-05 Hochiki Co Alarme
US8514074B2 (en) 2008-05-08 2013-08-20 Hochiki Corporation Alarm
WO2010097965A1 (fr) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Système de surveillance pour la sécurité à domicile
EP2581891A2 (fr) 2011-10-12 2013-04-17 E.I. Technology Limited Réseau maillé de dispositif d'alarme RF à faible courant
EP2843636A1 (fr) 2013-08-23 2015-03-04 E.I. Technology Limited Surveillance et commande de systèmes d'alarme
EP2843636B1 (fr) 2013-08-23 2018-06-13 E.I. Technology Surveillance et commande de systèmes d'alarme
EP2996099A1 (fr) * 2014-09-09 2016-03-16 Simplex Time Recorder Co. Système modulaire sans fil de notification d'évacuation de masse
US9728074B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2017-08-08 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Modular wireless mass evacuation notification system
US9875644B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-01-23 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Master slave wireless fire alarm and mass notification system
US10212664B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-02-19 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Modular wireless mass evacuation notification system
US10470127B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-05 Johnson Controls Fire Protection LP Master slave wireless fire alarm and mass notification system
US10477477B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-12 Johnson Controls Fire Protection LP Modular wireless mass evacuation notification system
US10555262B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2020-02-04 Johnson Controls Fire Protection LP Modular wireless mass evacuation notification system
US10966154B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2021-03-30 Johnson Controls Fire Protection LP Master slave wireless fire alarm and mass notification system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IES20040503A2 (en) 2005-03-23
EP1501060B1 (fr) 2007-11-21
IE20040505A1 (en) 2005-03-23
DE602004010202D1 (de) 2008-01-03
DE602004010202T2 (de) 2008-09-25

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